英语：Unit2《What is happiness to you？》课件（译林牛津版选修6）

(共37张PPT)
模块六 unit 2
词汇讲解
1. injure用作动词，意为“伤害；损害 ”。如：
①More than 49 passengers were badly injured in the crash of a passenger plane.
②We can never injure someone else’s reputation by gossip.
③It was really very dangerous; you might have injured him seriously.
【拓展】injury为injure的名词形式，意为“伤，伤口；损害，伤害”。例如：
①A severe head injury left the fighter unconscious for days.
②I have no intention of doing her an injury.
比较：hurt, injure, wound, damage, destroy
※hurt 作及物动词时指精神上或肉体上的"创伤；伤害"。
His words hurt me / my feelings.
他的话伤了我/我的感情。
He fell and hurt his leg. 他掉下来伤了腿。
※ injure指意外伤害或事故造成的"伤害"，
Several children were injured in the accident.
好几个孩子在那次事件中受伤。
※ wound一般指"刀伤；枪伤；战场上受伤"。
He got wound in the battle. 他在战争中受伤了。
damage 多指在自然灾害中的损坏，常指部分性的损坏．
destroy 指完全彻底的破坏，常有不能或很难修复的意思
e.g.
All the ______ in the accident have left hospital.
The old house was badly _____ in the storm
Many houses were _____ in the fire, making people homeless.
injured
damaged
destroyed
Struggle
struggle for sth. 为了---作斗争
struggle against/ with 同/向---作斗争
struggle to do sth. 为做某事而努力
struggle to one’s feet. 挣扎着站起来
3. disability n.
ability n. the ability to do sth.
disabled adj. the disabled
enable v. enable sb. to do.
4. dedicated adj.
dedicate oneself to sth. 把－－－奉献给－－－
be dedicated to sth./ doing sth.
　
She dedicated herself to helping the poor
=She was dedicated to helping the poor
5.junior
be junior to sb. by--- 比－－－小／年少
Eg. He is junior to me by 2 years.
=He is 2 years junior to me
=He is 2 years my junior.
senior 用法一样
5. apart意为“分开的，分离的”，
　apart from意为“远离，和……不在一起”。
Let's keep the two things apart. 我们把这两件事分清楚，别扯在一起。
apart from还可表示：“除了……之外”, 相当于besides; “除了”，相当于except for。
Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time.
It’s good work, apart from a few slight faults.
take apart意为“拆卸开”；
tell apart意为“区分开”
The boy took the watch apart to see how it runs.
I couldn’t tell the twins apart.
____ English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French.
A. Except B. Except for
C. Beside D. Apart from
These signatures are very similar. Can you ___them apart
A. make B. divide
C. tell D. separate
6 devote意为“献身，投入”，
devote oneself to sth/ doing sth.
①I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question.
②He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
③He devoted himself to helping the poor.
【拓展】·devote to 意为“专心致志于，献身于，忠于”之意，经常构成be devoted to …
①He is very devoted to his wife.
②He was still devoted to the study of medicine.
·devotion为devote的名词形式，意为：“致力，献身；忠诚，热爱”。例如：
1.We should look up to him as a shining example of devotion to duty.
2.His devotion to the party is unquestionable.
Her son , to whom she was so _______ , went abroad ten years ago.
A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected
3.I don’t think we should_____ any more time to this experiment.
A. waste B. spare C. spend D. devote
4.These doctors and nurses devoted their lives to ____ the patients of SARS.
A. save B. saving C. saved D. have saved
5. _____ two years to looking after her father, she badly needed a holiday.
A. Devoted B. Having been devoted
C. Having devoted D. Devoting
______ to his research, he spared no time to spend a weekend with us.
______ himself to his research work, he spared no time to spend a weekend with us.
Devoted
Devoting
rush
v. rush out of 　　　冲出
rush away/ off 　急着离开
rush sb. to s.p.　把某人火速送到
rush to do sth.　　急着做某事
rush sb. off his feet 把某人累坏了，使某人疲于奔命
n. in a rush 匆忙地
in rush-hours　交通高峰期
The injured were rushed to hospital
Before Christmas the shop assistants
are rushed off their feet.
7. severe adj. 严厉的，严格的； 严重的
She received severe head injuries in the accident. 她在事故中头部受了重伤。
He is a severe boss. 他是个苛刻的老板。
be severe on/ with sb.
8. in good spirits
in high spirits 情绪高涨
in low spirits 情绪低落
in poor spirits 心情坏
9. overcome 克服
overcome a bad habit 改掉坏习惯
They had to overcome all the difficulties in their studies.
他们必须克服他们学习中的所有困难。
10. accomplish 完成，达到，实现
accomplish经常接task, aim, journey, voyage 等名词。 The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks. 探险队在五周内完成了航程。
The first part of the plan has been safely accomplished. 计划的第一部分已顺利完成。
accomplishment 作为“完成，成功”是不可数名词，作为“成就，成绩”是可数名词，如：
We are celebrating the accomplishment of our task.
Getting the two leaders to sign a peace treaty was his greatest accomplishment.
The best method to _____ this goal is to unite as many people as possible.
A．undertake B．conduct
C．perform D． accomplish
11. adapt vi. 意为“适应 ”。
adaptable adj.能适应的
adaptation n. 适应，改编本
adapt (oneself) to ----- 使(自己)适应于/习惯于--
eg. She has not yet adapted to the climate there in London.
I suggested she should adapt herself to her new conditions.
　adopt 采纳，收养
　adapt to / adjust to /apply to/ appeal to
12. optimistic adj. 乐观的
optimism n. 乐观,乐观主义
optimist 乐观主义者
pessimistic adj. 悲观的
pessimism n. 悲观,悲观主义
pessimist 悲观主义者
be optimistic about 对－－－乐观
stay optimistic 保持乐观
courage
courageous adj.
encourage v. (encourage sb. to do.)
discourage v. (discourage sb. from doing/ Don’t be discouraged.)
13. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励；激发，启示
He tried to inspire them to greater efforts.
　 　他力图鼓励他们作出更大的努力。
I was inspired to work harder by her example.
　 　她的榜样激励我更加努力地工作。
The memory of his mother inspired his best music.
　 　他对母亲的怀念使他产生灵感，促使他谱写了其乐曲中的最佳作品。
His driving hardly inspires confidence (in his passengers).
　 　他驾车的技术难以令人（乘客们）放心。
inspired adj. 凭灵感的，被鼓舞的
inspiring adj. 激励人心的，启发灵感的，吸引人的
inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞，启示
Eg. All the students were _____ by his _____ speech.
Magnificent views over the countryside have often _____ people to write poems.
A. convinced B. inspired C. induced D. attracted
---What ____the taxi drivers in Beijing to take up the study of English ---Bidding for the 2008 Olympic Games. A. comforts B. demands C. forces D. inspires
inspired
inspiring
13. admire 意为“赞赏；钦佩；羡慕；赞美；夸奖。 admirable adj. 令人羡慕的
admiration n.
We admire them for their bravery.我们钦佩他们的勇气。
【注意】表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth”例如：
We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
14. arrange意为“安排”，用作及物动词时，后可接名词、代词、不定式或从句作宾语。
A special show was arranged to admit free the family members of the workers.
I have arranged to meet her at ten o'clock.
I have arranged that one of my workmates will meet you at the airport.
arrange for sb. to do sth. “安排让某人（某物）去干某事”；
arrange with sb. to do sth. “与某人约好（商定）做某事”
make arrangements for 为－－－做好安排
She has arranged for her son to teach you English.
I have arranged with him to meet at the restaurant.
I will make arrangements for you to be met at the airport.
15. allocate 分配
allocate sth. to sb./sth.; allocate sb./sth. sth.“分配……给……”；
allocate sth. for sth.“拨……给……”。
①They are going to allocate more places to mature students this year.
②The project is being allocated more resources.
③A large sum of money has been allocated for buying new books for the school.
16. quit -quit/quitted –quit/ quitted
quit sth./ doing sth.停止／放弃做某事
①The man quit his job for a better position.
②I've quit smoking.
【拓展】quit还可表示“离开；离职”。例如：
①He decided to quit as manager of the team.
②We think it's time for us to quit the city.
quit the army退伍
be quit of sth.摆脱　（get rid of ）
17. be tired of
I'm tired of hearing it. 这我都听烦了。
Not only I and Mary but also Jane ______having one exam after another.
A. is tired of B. are tired of
C. is tired with D. are tired with
be tired out 筋疲力尽
be tired from　因－－－而厌倦
be tired of 对－－－感到厌倦
depend on/ rely on 依赖
be dependent on
be independent of　独立
municate sth. to sb. 把……传达给某人；
communicate with sb. 与……通信（交往）
The teacher is good at communicating his ideas to his students.
这个老师擅于将自己的观点传达给学生。
We have communicated with each other for a long time before we saw each other.
我们见面前已通信好久了。
Using gestures_____ a correct way will help communicate____ others in a foreign country.
A. on; with B. by; about C. in; with D. with; to
19. guarantee 意为“保证”。
Nobody can guarantee good weather.
guarantee后可接名词、代词、不定式、从句作宾语。
①I can guarantee it's true - I saw it myself.
②My watch is guaranteed for one year.
③We guarantee to deliver within a week.
guarantee还可用作名词，意为“担保；保证；保证书；抵押品”。例如：
①Blue skies are not always a guarantee of fine weather.
②This radio has a two-year guarantee.
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会,必定会
guarantee to do sth. 保证做
guarantee sb. sth./ sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事
under guarantee在保修期内
20. assist意为“帮助，协助”。如：
The nurse assisted the doctor in the operating room.
assist … in “帮助(做某事)，(在某方面)帮助”；assist … with帮助(做……)
①We should assist them in their difficulty.
②He asked us to assist him in carrying through their plan.
③She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance为assist的名词形式，意为“帮助，援助；支持”。例如：
①She offered me practical assistance with my study.
②The company provides advice and assistance in looking for work.
③Can I be of any assistance
21.instant
I want to buy some instant noodles 我想买些速食面。
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
☆the instant that…一……就……
The instant (that) she came back, she helped her brother with his homework.
她一回来，就帮助她的弟弟做作业。
☆instantly一……就……
Immediately/ instantly the discussion was finished，the meeting was over. 讨论一完毕，会就散了。
Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department ___ the fire broke out .
A. hurriedly B. quickly
C. instantly D. shortly
22. company用作名词，意为“陪伴，陪同”。如：
We'll be glad of your company.
【拓展】与company相关的常用词组有：in the company of “和某人一道”；keep pany “陪伴某人”；for company“陪着”。例如：
①I'll stay here and keep you company.
②I hate going out alone: I take my daughter for company.
③The little girl was shy in the company of strangers.