必修第一册
Unit
5
Into
the
wild
过关测试
（考试时间：60分钟
试卷满分：100分）
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As
an
educator
and
health
care
provider,
I
have
worked
with
numerous
children
infected
with
the
virus
that
causes
AIDS.
The
relationships
that
I
have
had
with
these
special
kids
have
been
gifts
in
my
life.
They
have
taught
me
so
many
things,
but
I
have
especially
learned
that
great
courage
can
be
found
in
the
smallest
of
packages.
Let
me
tell
you
about
Tyler.
Tyler
was
born
infected
with
HIV:
his
mother
was
also
infected.
From
the
very
beginning
of
his
life,
he
was
dependent
on
medications
to
enable
him
to
survive.
When
he
was
five,
he
had
a
tube
inserted
(插入)
in
a
vein
in
his
chest.
This
tube
was
connected
to
a
pump,
which
he
carried
in
a
small
backpack
on
his
back.
Medications
were
linked
to
this
pump
and
were
continuously
supplied
through
this
tube
to
his
bloodstream.
At
times,
he
also
needed
supplemented
(补充的)
oxygen
to
support
his
breathing.
Tyler
wasn’t
willing
to
give
up
one
single
moment
of
his
childhood
to
this
deadly
disease.
It
was
not
unusual
to
find
him
playing
and
racing
around
his
backyard,
wearing
his
medicine-laden
backpack
and
dragging
his
tank
of
oxygen
behind
him
in
his
little
wagon.
All
of
us
who
knew
Tyler
were
amazed
at
his
pure
joy
in
being
alive
and
the
energy
it
gave
him.
Tyler’s
mom
often
teased
him
by
telling
him
that
he
moved
so
fast
that
she
needed
to
dress
him
in
red.
That
way,
when
she
peered
through
the
window
to
check
on
him
playing
in
the
yard,
she
could
quickly
spot
him.
This
dreaded
disease
eventually
wore
down
even
the
likes
of
a
little
dynamo
like
Tyler.
He
grew
quite
ill
and,
unfortunately,
so
did
his
HIV-infected
mother.
When
it
became
apparent
that
he
wasn’t
going
to
survive,
Tyler’s
mom
talked
to
him
about
death.
She
comforted
him
by
telling
Tyler
that
she
was
dying
too,
and
that
she
would
be
with
him
soon
in
heaven.
A
few
days
before
his
death,
Tyler
called
me
over
to
his
hospital
bed
and
whispered,
“I
might
die
soon.
I’m
not
scared.
When
I
die,
please
dress
me
in
red.
Mom
promised
she’s
coming
to
heaven,
too.
I’ll
be
playing
when
she
gets
there,
and
I
want
to
make
sure
she
can
find
me.”
1．From
the
passage,
we
can
learn
that
Tyler
is
_________.
A．courageous
and
optimistic
B．confident
and
energetic
C．enthusiastic
and
adventurous
D．ambitious
and
passionate
2．Tyler
had
to
wear
his
backpack
because
________.
A．it
contained
his
favourite
toys
from
his
mother
B．it
provided
oxygen
to
support
his
breathing
C．it
had
the
pump
supplying
medications
to
his
bloodstream
D．it
made
himself
recognized
by
his
mother
in
the
crowd
3．Which
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Gifts
in
my
life
B．Dress
me
in
red
C．Never
give
up
D．Live
with
HIV
B
Researchers
have
discovered
a
new
bacterium
that
feeds
on
polyurethane,
a
kind
of
plastic
that
is
difficult
to
recycle
or
destroy.
Scientists
say
the
discovery
could
help
reduce
a
flood
of
hard
—
to
—
recycle
plastics
that
are
ending
up
in
the
world's
landfills（垃圾填埋地）
and
polluting
oceans.
A
team
from
the
Helmholtz
Center
for
Environmental
Research
in
Leipzig,
Germany,
found
the
new
type
of
soil
bacteria.
It
was
spotted
in
an
area
that
contained
a
large
amount
of
plastic
waste.
The
team
discovered
the
bacteria
were
feeding
on
polyurethane
diol,
which
was
widely
used
in
many
different
products.
One
problem
is
that
recycling
polyurethane
requires
a
lot
of
energy.
The
plastic
material
does
not
melt
when
heated.
Most
polyurethane-based
products
end
up
in
landfills,
where
they
can
release
dangerous
chemicals.
The
team
round
that
the
bacterium
can
produce
enzymes（酶）that
eat
away
polyurethane.
This
would
make
it
possible
to
break
down
the
material
in
the
environment.
The
results
were
recently
reported
in
a
study
in
the
publication
Frontiers
in
Microbiology.
Hermann
Heipieper
helped
write
the
report.
He
said
in
a
statement
the
finding
“represents
an
important
step
in
being
able
to
reuse
polyurethane
products.”
German
study
noted
that
plastic-eating
bacteria
could
be
easily
controlled
and
produced
for
industrial
use.
The
researchers
said
the
next
step
is
to
find
more
information
about
the
bacterial
enzymes
that
can
break
down
polyurethane.
Scientist
Douglas
Rader
wrote
about
the
issue
in
a
2018
article
for
the
Environmental
Defense
Fund.
He
said
much
more
study
should
be
carried
out
to
learn
about
the
complex
relationships
between
bacteria
and
marine
ecosystems.
“Such
research
is
needed
before
we
can
take
action
such
as
putting
plastic-eating
bacteria
into
the
ocean,”
Rader
wrote.
4．What
is
the
problem
about
polyurethane?
A．It
seems
difficult
to
transport
when
it
goes
to
landfills.
B．It
affects
the
quality
of
plastic
products
if
widely
used.
C．It
melts
easily
when
exposed
to
the
sun
for
a
long
time.
D．It
pollutes
the
environment
unless
recycled
or
destroyed.
5．What
do
we
know
about
the
new
type
of
bacteria
from
the
text?
A．It
can
produce
harmful
chemicals.
B．It
can
gradually
destroy
polyurethane.
C．It
is
very
hard
to
discover
and
control.
D．It
is
very
likely
to
increase
plastic
waste.
6．What
is
Douglas
Rader's
attitude
towards
the
future
use
of
the
new
bacterium?
A．Doubtful.
B．Disapproval.
C．Cautious.
D．Enthusiastic.
7．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Plastic-eating
Bacteria
B．Plastic
Waste
—
A
Big
Problem
C．Plastic
and
Ocean
D．Polyurethane
—
A
Bacteria
killer
C
When
our
Scottish
puppy
reached
doggie
adolescence,
she
suddenly
stopped
obeying
my
commands.
Previously,
if
I
called
“come,”
Annie
would
fly
across
our
yard
to
my
arms.
Now,
the
8-month-old
gave
me
an
aggressive
“make
me”
look
and
ran
the
other
way.
Our
dog
trainer
advised
us
to
stop
complaining.
“She's
a
teenager,”
she
said.
Now,
a
new
study
is
backing
that
up:
Dogs,
it
says,
experience
an
oversensitive
period
just
like
human
teenagers.
“There
is
abundant
folk
knowledge
that
the
behavior
of
adolescents
differs
from
younger
or
older
dogs,”
says
Barbara
Smuts.
Puppies
bond
with
humans
much
as
children
do.
“But
owners
often
feel
like
they're
failing
when
their
puppies
reach
adolescence,”
about
8
months
for
most
dogs,
says
Lucy
Asher.
Like
teenagers,
adolescent
dogs
can
disregard
and
disobey
their
owners.
Indeed,
teenage
dogs
are
the
most
likely
age
group
to
land
in
U.S.
shelters.
To
see
exactly
how
adolescence
changes
dog
behavior,
Asher
and
her
team
monitored
70
female
dogs
being
raised
as
potential
guide
dogs.
They
asked
caregivers
to
score
the
puppies
on
separation-related
behaviors,
like
trembling
when
left
behind.
Dogs
with
high
scores
on
this
behavior
entered
adolescence
earlier-at
about
5
months,
compared
with
8
months
for
those
with
lower
scores.
Various
factors
cause
human
teenage
girls
with
poor
parental
relationships
to
also
enter
adolescence
at
a
younger
age.
Thus,
similar
to
humans,
dogs
that
have
bad
relationships
with
their
caregivers
see
changes
in
their
development.
According
to
Smuts,
adolescent
dogs
that
were
stressed
by
separation
from
their
caregiver
also
increasingly
disobeyed
that
person,
showing
the
insecurity
of
human
teenagers.
Because
of
the
similarity
between
adolescent
pups
and
humans,
dogs
can
serve
as
a
model
species
for
studying
adolescence
in
humans,
the
scientists
say.
The
temporary
nature
of
dogs
which
disobey
the
owners
may
make
us
worry
less
when
our
pups
suddenly
get
minds
of
their
own.
8．The
author's
attitude
towards
his
dog's
misbehavior
can
be
best
described
as
A．tolerant
B．delighted
C．unsatisfied
D．indifferent
9．The
underlined
word
“disregard”
in
paragraph
3
probably
means?
A．run
after
B．pay
no
attention
to
C．bark
at
D．defend
against
10．What
can
we
learn
about
adolescent
dogs
from
the
passage?
A．Many
adolescent
dogs
like
staying
in
American
shelters.
B．Adolescent
dogs
will
never
follow
their
owners'
instructions.
C．Adolescent
dogs
are
fond
of
being
separated
from
their
caregivers.
D．Dogs
having
poor
relation
with
their
caregivers
enter
adolescence
earlier.
11．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A．Both
young
dogs
and
teenagers
rely
on
their
parents.
B．Many
researches
have
shown
young
dogs
are
aggressive.
C．Adolescent
dogs
feel
more
anxious
and
frightened
than
teenagers.
D．Like
human
teenagers,
dogs
get
difficult
when
they
reach
adolescence.
D
Sea
urchins
(海胆)
are
small
creatures,
but
what’s
really
remarkable
about
them
is
that
they
eat
anything
that
happens
to
float
by.
They
have
really
sharp
teeth
they
use
to
rid
rocks
of
algae
(海澡),
which
makes
them
pretty
valuable
especially
in
places
like
Hawaii
where
algae
are
threatening
the
coral
reefs.
In
the
summer
of
2019,
500,000
of
them
were
used
to
deal
with
the
algae.
The
problem
started
when
non-native
algae
were
introduced
to
the
ecosystem
of
Kane’ohe
Bay
in
the
1970s.
Because
they
had
no
enemies,
they
ended
up
taking
over
the
bay,
according
to
the
National
Marine
Fisheries
Service
(NMFS).
The
algae
blocked
sunlight
from
reaching
the
coral,
which
in
turn
affected
the
local
fish
because
they
changed
the
chemistry
of
the
water.
That's
when
the
NMFS
turned
to
sea
urchins
that
loved
to
devour
the
algae.
But
they
had
to
grow
to
the
size
of
a
cherry
tomato
before
they
could
be
used.
Since
2011,
sea
urchins
have
been
grown
and
used
to
handle
the
algae
problem.
Some
of
the
funds
are
available
due
to
an
unfortunate
incident.
In
2005,
a
ship
was
grounded
on
a
shallow
reef
near
Kane’ohe
Bay.
When
the
ship
was
removed,
20
acres
of
reefs
have
been
damaged.
When
there
is
environmental
damage,
the
NMFS
and
other
agencies
receive
funds
from
the
wrongdoers
and
the
funds
are
used
to
restore
the
damage.
Some
funds
were
spent
on
other
projects
like
the
sea
urchins.When
they
are
large
enough,
divers
carefully
place
them
on
the
reef.
Algae
isn’t
the
only
thing
that
threatens
the
coral
reefs.
Climate
change
and
the
effects
of
fishing
and
tourism
in
the
area
also
endanger
the
coral
reefs.
But
turning
to
sea
urchins
instead
of
man-made
solutions
seems
like
the
best
way
to
go.
12．Why
are
sea
urchins
regarded
as
outstanding
creatures?
A．They
are
tiny
but
have
teeth.
B．They
can
keep
the
ocean
clean.
C．They
are
useful
in
removing
algae.
D．They
grow
on
coral
reefs
with
algae.
13．What
happened
after
non-native
algae
arrived
at
Kane’ohe
Bay?
A．They
helped
the
coral
reefs
to
survive.
B．They
spread
to
every
corner
of
the
bay.
C．They
didn’t
fit
in
with
the
new
surroundings.
D．They
fought
against
other
species
to
get
food.
14．What
does
the
underlined
word
“devour”
in
paragraph
3
mean?
A．Eat.
B．Block.
C．Tease.
D．Attract.
15．What
does
the
author
suggest
doing
to
save
coral
reefs?
A．Relying
on
humans’
solutions.
B．Banning
fishing
and
tourism.
C．Employing
divers
to
handle
algae.
D．Letting
nature
take
care
of
nature.
阅读七选五 (2019·沈阳质检) 体裁：说明文 话题：人际沟通 难度：★★★☆☆
Whoever
wrote
the
song
“It's
the
Most
Wonderful
Time
of
the
Year”
must
have
never
experienced
holiday
blues.
Fortunately,
psychological
research
suggests
some
effective
ways
you
can
beat
the
holiday
blues.
The
key
point
is
that
sadness
and
other
tough
emotions
are
not
what
we
should
try
to
avoid.
__1__.
Here
are
four
strategies
to
help
you
make
your
own
happiness
recipe
this
holiday
season.
Don't
force
cheer
At
family
gatherings
with
cousins
you
secretly
can't
stand,
you
tend
to
put
on
a
happy
face.
Indeed,
that
might
even
seem
like
the
most
mature
response—no
drama,
no
conflict.
But
a
2011
study
followed
dozens
of
bus
drivers,
looking
to
see
when
they
gave
forced
or
honest
smiles
at
their
passengers.
The
results
showed
when
the
drivers
pretended
to
have
a
good
mood,
their
actual
moods
got
worse.
__2__.
Let
off
sadness
The
results
of
the
bus?driver
study
can
be
explained
by
researchers,
who
find
that
negative
feelings
like
sadness
or
anger
only
increase
when
we
try
to
control
them.
__3__.
We
don't
like
contradictory
behavior.
Respond
cautiously
Recently,
scientists
have
been
paying
special
attention
to
the
benefits
of
caution.
When
you
respond
cautiously
to
an
emotional
trigger
(e.g.overcooking
the
holiday
turkey),
you
pause
rather
than
reacting
at
once.
__4__.
Besides,
it
is
associated
with
less
anxiety,
and
may
even
carry
physiological
benefits.
__5__
Of
course,
the
holidays
will
bring
a
mix
of
highs
and
lows,
but
the
most
important
lesson
to
keep
in
mind
is
that
this
variety
of
emotions
might
be
the
best
thing
possible
for
your
overall
well?being.
In
other
words,
sadness,
anger,
and
other
difficult
emotions
are
nothing
to
fear.
Just
make
sure
you're
balancing
them
with
lighter
experiences.
And
don't
forget
to
give
yourself
a
break.
A.
Relax
your
mind
B.
Enjoy
a
mix
of
emotions
C.
We
tend
to
deny
the
important
function
emotions
serve
D.
Instead,
they
can
help
contribute
to
a
healthy
and
happy
life
E.
So
trying
to
force
happiness
seems
to
have
the
opposite
effects
F.
A
cautious
response
to
a
negative
event
reduces
sadness
we
experience
G.
We
feel
bad
when
our
appearance
contradicts
how
we
truly
feel
inside
完形填空 (2019·德州质检) 体裁：记叙文 话题：社会生活 难度：★★★★☆
Last
summer
I
moved
to
Kirkland
to
live
with
my
fiancé，
giving
up
being
a
lawyer.Without
a
job,
I
spent
my
days
aimlessly
wandering
around
my
new
neighborhood.
That's
how
I
__1__
Steve.
I'd
seen
him
plenty
of
times
before—untidy,
with
a
messy
gray
beard,
__2__
a
worn
cardboard
sign
at
the
street
corner.
His
_3__
asked
for
help
with
food
or
rent—nothing
fancy,
and
never
for
alcohol
or
drugs.
Having
lived
in
the
area
for
ten
years,
Steve
was
well
known
to
the
locals
.
Even
as
I
chatted
with
him,
several
people
waved
to
him
as
they
went
by.
I
_4_
called
him
the
Mayor
of
Kirkland.
He
laughed,
saying
he
hoped
the
name
would
stick.
He
had
much
to
do
before
his
term
was
__5__.
In
September,
he
told
me
he'd
been
homeless
because
he
had
a
legal
issue
for
the
last
thirty
years
and,
as
a
result,
his
social
security
__6__
had
been
halved.
The
remaining
amount
wasn't
enough
to
live
on,
so
he
was
forced
to
spend
his
days
trying
to
__7__
the
difference.
Knowing
I
had
legal
experience,
he
asked
me
if
I
could
help
him
with
this
matter.
I
agreed
__8__.
In
the
months
that
followed,
I
began
to
__9__
more
time
and
energy
into
his
case.
When
we
met
to
discuss
his
case,
it
was
as
if
a
heavy
__10__
was
lifting
off
his
back.
I
could
sense
his
growing
optimism.
He
started
describing
me
as
his
“little
ray
of
__11__”
and
telling
his
friends
what
a
great
__12__
I
was
doing.
Then
came
the
day
when
the
court
finally
decided
to
__13__
most
of
what
Steve
owed,
which
meant
he
would
have
enough
money
to
get
his
life
back
on
__14__.
I
could
see
tears
in
Steve's
eyes
when
he
heard
the
__15__.
But
it
also
meant
that
I
wouldn't
see
him
as
often
anymore.
When
I
told
Steve
this,
he
grinned
with
tears
in
his
eyes，“We're
friends,
and
friends
make
time
to
see
each
other.
Besides,
the
mayor's
still
got
to
do
his
rounds.”
A.
found
B.
missed
C.
helped
D.
met
2．
A.
leaving
B.
bringing
C.
holding
D.
writing
3．
A.
sign
B.
case
C.
house
D.
work
4．
A.
carefully
B.
silently
C.
jokingly
D.
desperately
5．
A.
up
B.
in
C.
away
D.
on
6．
A.
account
B.
payment
C.
number
D.
card
7．
A.
leave
out
B.
break
down
C.
cut
off
D.
make
up
8．
A.
instantly
B.
gradually
C.
probably
D.
normally
9．
A.
break
B.
divide
C.
throw
D.
perform
10．A.
demand
B.
loss
C.
weight
D.
blow
11．A.
mayor
B.
sunshine
C.
lawyer
D.
income
12．A.
lesson
B.
course
C.
change
D.
job
13．A.
charge
B.
appreciate
C.
forgive
D.
collect
14．A.
schedule
B.
board
C.
guard
D.
track
15．A.
decision
B.
attempt
C.
explanation
D.
trend
语法填空 (原创) 体裁：说明文 话题：社会热点 难度：★★★☆☆
Astronauts
have
traditionally
been
serious,
sensible
types
with
the
“right
stuff”
who
can
__1__
(trust)
to
fly
equipment.
But
any
mission
to
Mars
will
need
a
“joker”
or
“class
clown”
figure
to
be
__2__
(success),
according
to
NASA
research.
A
sense
of
humor
will
be
vital
for
any
team
to
keep
morale
(士气)
high
on
a
two?year
trip
to
Mars
__3__
may
happen
in
the
2030s.
According
to
researchers,
groups
work
best
when
they
have
a
“joker”
who
has
the
ability
to
pull
everyone
together,
bridge
gaps
when
tensions
appear
__4__
really
boost
morale.
When
astronauts
are
in
a
confined
space
on
a
mission
to
Mars,
tensions
are
likely
__5__
(occur).
It's
vital
that
there
should
be
one
who
can
help
everyone
get
along,
so
they
can
do
their
jobs
and
get
there
and
back
__6__
(safe)．
Researchers
have
studied
isolated
groups
of
people
in
extreme
environments
including
Russian,
Chinese,
Indian
and
Polish
__7__
(explorer)
based
in
Antarctica.
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen
succeeded
while
Captain
Scott
__8__
(fail)
to
reach
the
South
Pole
because
the
Norwegians
had
a
“clown”
figure
on
their
team.
He
laughed
and
was
very
happy,
__9__
(keep)
up
people's
spirits.
But
researchers
added:
“Being
funny
won't
be
enough
to
land
somebody
the
job.
He
also
needs
to
be
__10__
excellent
scientist
and
engineer
and
be
able
to
pass
a
strict
training
programme.”
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
An
80-year-old
man
was
sitting
on
the
sofa
in
his
house
along
with
his
45-year-old
highly
educated
son．Suddenly
a
crow
perched
on
their
window．
The
father
asked
his
son,
"What
is
this？"The
son
replied,
"It
is
a
crow．"
After
a
few
minutes,
the
father
asked
his
son
for
the
second
time,
"What
is
this？"The
son
said,
"Father,
I
have
just
now
told
you,
it's
a
crow!"
After
a
little
while,
the
old
father
again
asked
his
son
for
the
third
time,
"What
is
this？"
At
this
time
some
expression
of
irritation
was
felt
in
the
son's
tone
when
he
said
to
his
father
with
a
rebuff．"It's
a
crow,
a
crow．"A
little
while
later,
the
father
again
asked
his
son
the
fourth
time,
"What
is
this？"
This
time,
the
son
shouted
at
his
father,
"Why
do
you
keep
asking
me
the
same
question
again
and
again,
although
I
have
told
you
so
many
times‘IT
IS
A
CROW'．Are
you
not
able
to
understand
this？"
A
little
later
the
father
went
to
his
room
and
came
back
with
an
old
tattered
diary,
which
he
had
maintained
since
his
son
was
born．On
opening
a
page,
he
asked
his
son
to
read
that
page.
When
the
son
read
it,
the
following
words
were
written
in
the
diary：
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Today
my
little
son
aged
three
was
sitting
with
me
on
the
sofa,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After
reading
the
diary,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________必修第一册
Unit
5
Into
the
wild
过关测试(解析版）
（考试时间：60分钟
试卷满分：100分）
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小感染上艾滋病病毒的泰勒勇敢乐观地面对生活的故事，作为一名教育和保健护理工作者的作者从中懂得了，即使在最弱小的人物身上也能发现其所蕴含的巨大勇气。
1．A
推理判断题。根据最后一段的A
few
days
before
his
death,
Tyler
called
me
over
to
his
hospital
bed
and
whispered,
“I
might
die
soon.
I’m
not
scared.”(泰勒病逝前几天,招呼我到他病床前,低声对我说，“我可能就要死了，我不害怕。”)可知面对死亡时，他不害怕，可推理知他很勇敢。根据第三段的All
of
us
who
knew
Tyler
were
amazed
at
his
pure
joy
in
being
alive
and
the
energy
it
gave
him.(我们所有认识泰勒的人都惊叹生命带给他那纯朴的欢乐和赋予他的活力。)可推理知他很乐观。因此从这篇文章中，我们得知泰勒是勇敢又乐观的。故选A项。
2．C
细节理解题。根据第二段的When
he
was
five,
he
had
a
tube
inserted
in
a
vein
in
his
chest.
This
tube
was
connected
to
a
pump,
which
he
carried
in
a
small
backpack
on
his
back.
Medications
were
linked
to
this
pump
and
were
continuously
supplied
through
this
tube
to
his
bloodstream.(他5岁时做手术，胸部插了一根管子，管子连着他背的背包里的泵，泵不断地把药通过管子输入他的血液)可知泰勒不得不背着他的背包是因为背包里装有为他的血液供应药物的泵。故选C项。
3．B
主旨大意题。根据第三段的Tyler’s
mom
often
teased
him
by
telling
him
that
he
moved
so
fast
that
she
needed
to
dress
him
in
red.
(泰勒的妈妈经常逗他说，他动的那么快，得给他穿件红衣服)及最后一段的When
I
die,
please
dress
me
in
red.
Mom
promised
she’s
coming
to
heaven,
too.
I’ll
be
playing
when
she
gets
there,
and
I
want
to
make
sure
she
can
find
me.(我死时请给我穿上红色的衣服，妈妈答应我她也会来天堂的，她来的时候我会在玩，我得保证她能找到我。)可知文章通过两次提到“给泰勒穿上红色衣服”来表达对泰勒面对病魔时仍坚强乐观的精神的歌颂。因此文章的最佳标题是B项“给我穿红色的衣服”。故选B项。
B
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学家发现了一种食用塑料聚氨酯的细菌。
4．D
细节理解题。根据第一段Researchers
have
discovered
a
new
bacterium
that
feeds
on
polyurethane…a
flood
of
hard
—
to
—
recycle
plastics
that
are
ending
up
in
the
world's
landfills（垃圾填埋地）?and
polluting
oceans.可知，聚氨酯是一种很难回收或销毁的塑料，这种难以回收的塑料流入世界垃圾填埋场并污染海洋。由此可知，对于人们来说，聚氨酯的问题是，如果不回收或销毁，聚氨酯会污染环境。故选D。
5．B
细节理解题。根据第三段The
team
round
that
the
bacterium
can
produce
enzymes（酶）that
eat
away
polyurethane.
This
would
make
it
possible
to
break
down
the
material
in
the
environment.可知，研究小组认为这种细菌可以产生吞噬聚氨酯的酶。这将使分解环境中的物质成为可能。由此可知，这种新型细菌可以逐渐分解聚氨酯。故选B。
6．C
推理判断题。根据最后一段He
said
much
more
study
should
be
carried
out
to
learn
about
the
complex
relationships
between
bacteria
and
marine
ecosystems.?可知，Douglas
Rader认为应该进行更多的研究来了解细菌和海洋生态系统之间的复杂关系。由此可知，Douglas
Rader对这种新型细菌的前景持谨慎态度。故选C。
7．A
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段Researchers
have
discovered
a
new
bacterium
that
feeds
on
polyurethane可知，本文主要讲述科学家发现了一种食用塑料聚氨酯的细菌。结合选项可知，选项A的描述符合题意。故选A。
C
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新的研究表明，狗也会像人类的青少年一样，经历一个过度敏感的时期。文章介绍了狗在青春期的一些表现，以及研究人员为了确切地了解青春期是如何改变狗的行为，而展开的研究过程。科学家们说，由于青春期的幼犬和人类有相似之处，狗可以作为研究人类青春期的模型物种。
8．C
推理判断题。根据第二段中Our
dog
trainer
advised
us
to
stop
complaining.可知我们的训狗师建议我们停止抱怨。由此可推知，作者对狗的不端行为的态度是不满意的。故选C。
9．B
词义猜测题。根据后文and
disobey
their
owners可知青春期的狗也会不在意主人，不服从主人，由此可知，划线单词意思为“不注意，不在意”。A.
run
after追赶；B.
pay
no
attention
to不注意，不在意；C.
bark
at朝着……叫；D.defend
against防卫。故选B。
10．D
细节理解题。根据第四段中Dogs
with
high
scores
on
this
behavior
entered
adolescence
earlier-at
about
5
months,
compared
with
8
months
for
those
with
lower
scores.
Various
factors
cause
human
teenage
girls
with
poor
parental
relationships
to
also
enter
adolescence
at
a
younger
age.
Thus,
similar
to
humans,
dogs
that
have
bad
relationships
with
their
caregivers
see
changes
in
their
development.可知在这种行为上得分高的狗进入青春期的时间更早——大约5个月，而得分低的狗则是8个月。各种因素导致父母关系不佳的青少年女孩也更早进入青春期。因此，和人类一样，与照顾者关系不好的狗也会看到它们在发育过程中的变化。由此可知，与照顾者关系不好的狗更早进入青春期。故选D。
11．D
主旨大意题。根据第二段中Now,
a
new
study
is
backing
that
up:
Dogs,
it
says,
experience
an
oversensitive
period
just
like
human
teenagers.可知现在一项新的研究表明，狗也会像人类的青少年一样，经历一个过度敏感的时期。结合文章还介绍了狗在青春期的一些表现，以及研究人员为了确切地了解青春期是如何改变狗的行为，而展开的研究过程。科学家们说，由于青春期的幼犬和人类有相似之处，狗可以作为研究人类青春期的模型物种。由此可知，文章的主要内容是和人类的青少年一样，狗到了青春期也会变得很难相处。故选D。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海胆。海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。
12．C
细节理解题。根据第一段中They
have
really
sharp
teeth
they
use
to
rid
rocks
of
algae
(海藻)
which
makes
them
pretty
valuable
especially
in
places
like
Hawaii
where
algae
are
threatening
the
coral
reefs.可知，它们有锋利的牙齿用来清除岩石上的藻类，这使它们非常珍贵，尤其是在夏威夷这样的地方，那里的藻类正在威胁珊瑚礁。由此可知，海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。故选C。
13．B
推理判断题。根据第二段中The
problem
started
when
non-native
algae
were
introduced
to
the
ecosystem
of
Kane’ohe
Bay
in
the
1970s.
Because
they
had
no
enemies,
they
ended
up
taking
over
the
bay,可知，?这一问题始于20世纪70年代非本地藻类被引入卡内奥河湾的生态系统。因为它们没有敌人，它们最终占领了海湾。?由此可知，非本地藻类到达卡内奥河湾后，它们散布到海湾的每一个角落。故选B。
14．A
词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句But
they
had
to
grow
to
the
size
of
a
cherry
tomato
before
they
could
be
used.可知，但它们必须长到樱桃番茄的大小才能被使用。由此可知，sea
urchins
that
loved
to?devour?the
algae“海胆喜欢吃海藻”。由此推知，划线词的意思是“吃”。故选A。
15．D
推理判断题。根据最后一段Algae
isn’t
the
only
thing
that
threatens
the
coral
reefs.
Climate
change
and
the
effects
of
fishing
and
tourism
in
the
area
also
endanger
the
coral
reefs.
But
turning
to
sea
urchins
instead
of
man-made
solutions
seems
like
the
best
way
to
go.可知，?藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。由此可知，作者建议让大自然照顾大自然来拯救珊瑚礁。故选D。
阅读七选五 答案与解析
【语篇解读】 我们无法避免一些消极的情绪，因为它们有助于我们健康快乐的生活，文章提供了几个度过快乐假期的秘诀。
好词 ①highs
and
lows
起起落落；
②keep
in
mind
记住
1．D 空前一句说明的是悲伤和其他消极情绪不是我们应该设法避免的，结合下文提到的几个快乐秘方，可判断出D项“相反，它们可促进健康快乐的生活”符合语境。其中they
指代上文的复数名词emotions。
2．E 该段标题句是“不要强求快乐”，空前一句说明强求快乐的司机，事实上情绪会更不好，由此判断出E项“因此努力强求快乐会适得其反”符合语境。其中forcing
happiness与标题句中的force
cheer呼应。
3．G 根据空后一句中的contradictory
behavior
“矛盾的行为”和该段标题句中的关键词sadness可判断出G项“当我们的外在和真实的内心感受矛盾时，我们会觉得悲伤”符合语境。contradict与sad是原词复现。
4．F 空后一句中的副词Besides提示空处应填内容与空后的内容是并列关系，又根据标题句关键词Respond
cautiously可判断出F项“对于消极事件的谨慎回应减少我们经受的悲伤”符合语境。
5．B 根据该段关键词a
mix
of
highs
and
lows和this
variety
of
emotions结合短文标题句特点(祈使句)可知B项“享受各种情绪”符合标题句特点。
七选五技巧1 段落关键词语定标题句
标题句一般单独成段，前面有一些特殊符号或数字、字体黑色加粗等。常以单词、短语或简短的句子(以祈使句为主)来呈现。阅读七选五的第1小题就是标题句。①选择大标题时，重点研究第一段和最后一段；②选择小标题时，需要把下面的整个段落读懂，并根据段落中的关键词语归纳总结出主旨或中心。
一、
完形填空 答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，去年夏天“我”和未婚夫搬去Kirkland居住并为此辞去了律师的工作，闲下来的作者热心帮助了流浪汉Steve，他因一个法律问题导致近三十年只能领到一半的社会保障金。最后Steve的生活得以改善。
好词 ①live
on
靠……生存；
②remaining
adj.
剩下的
1．D 根据空后的“I'd
seen
him”可知“我”是在闲逛时遇到的Steve。find
“发现”；
miss
“错过”；
help
“帮助”；
meet
“遇见”。
2．C 根据语境可知Steve手里举着一块硬纸板牌子向人们求助，hold
“举着；握着”，符合语境。leave
“留下”；
bring
“带来”；
write
“写”。
3．A 根据空前的“a
worn
cardboard
sign”可知空处指他拿着的牌子。sign
“标牌”；
case
“情况；案例”；
house
“房子”；
work
“工作”。
4．C 我开玩笑地称他为Kirkland市的市长。因为他并不是市长，只是作者的玩笑话，故jokingly
“开玩笑地”，符合语境。carefully
“认真地”；
silently
“沉默地”；
desperately
“绝望地；拼命地”。
5．A 他在“任期”结束前还有很多事要做。上文作者笑称他为市长所以他才打趣说的这番话。
up
“结束；告终”；
in
“在……里”；
away
“离开”；
on
“在……上面”。
6．B 在九月份他告诉我他因为一个法律问题只能拿到一半的社会保障金，结果无家可归。social
security
payment
“社会保障金”。
account
“账户”；
number
“数字”；
card
“卡片”。
7．D 根据空前的“The
remaining
amount
wasn't
enough
to
live
on”可知因为剩下的一半钱不足以养活他，所以他只能被迫终日向他人求助以弥补这部分钱的不足。make
up
the
difference
“弥补差额”。leave
out
“省略；遗漏”；
break
down
“出故障”；
cut
off
“切断”。
8．A 我立刻同意帮他。instantly
“立刻”；
gradually
“逐渐地”；
probably
“可能”；
normally
“正常地”。
9．C 在接下来的几个月里，我开始把更多的时间和精力投入到他的案子上。throw
...
into
sth.
“把……投入到某事上。”
break
“打破”；
divide
...
into
...
“把……分成……”；
perform
“表演”。
10．C 由_optimism可知他逐渐乐观起来，当讨论他的案子时好像他背上的重担正在慢慢卸去一样。经济上的拮据对于他来说是精神上的重物，故weight
“重担”，符合语境。demand
“要求；需求”；
loss
“损失”；
blow
“打击；一阵风”。
11．B 他开始称我为他生命中的“一缕阳光”并且告诉他的朋友们我做得很好。a
ray
of
sunshine
“一缕阳光”。
sunshine
“阳光”，符合语境。mayor
“市长”；
lawyer
“律师”；
income
“收入”。
12．D 见上一题解析。do
a
good
job
“做得很好”。lesson
“课程”；
course
“课程；航线”；
change
“改变”。
13．C 终于这一天来了，法庭最后决定免除他之前的大部分债务，这意味着他会有足够的钱使自己的生活回到正轨上来。forgive
“免除”，符合语境。charge
“控告”；
appreciate
“欣赏”；
collect
“收集”。
14．D 见上一题解析。on
track
“在正轨上；在正道上”，符合语境。on
schedule
“按时”；
on
board
“在船(火车、飞机、汽车)上”；
on
guard
“站岗；防备”。
15．A 空处与decided呼应，指当他听到法庭的决定时。decision
“决定”；
attempt
“企图”；
explanation
“解释”；
trend
“趋势”。
语法填空 (原创) 体裁：说明文 话题：社会热点 难度：★★★☆☆
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 美国国家航空航天局正在寻找“幽默搞笑”的人担任宇航员，以在探测火星的漫漫旅途中保持士气。
好词 ①boost
vt.推动；促进；②keep
up
ones
spirits
使某人精神饱满
1．be
trusted 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知该句是定语从句，关系词指代先行词the
“right
stuff”，且与trust是被动关系，设空前是情态动词can，故此处应符合“情态动词＋be＋done”结构，填be
trusted。
2．successful 考查词形转换，设空在句中做表语，表“成功的”，应填形容词successful。
3．which/that 考查定语从句。该句先行词是a
two?year
trip，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。
4．and 考查连词。设空前后的pull
everyone
together,
bridge
gaps和boost
morale是并列关系，应用连词and。
5．to
occur 考查固定用法。be
likely
to
do
sth.“可能做某事”。
6．safely 考查词形转换。设空在句中作状语，修饰get
there
and
back，应用副词，填safely，意为“安全地”。
7．explorers 考查名词的数。根据设空前的内容，可知探险队员不止一个，故explorer应用复数形式，填explorers。
8．failed 考查动词的时态。设空在句中做谓语，且与句中已有的谓语动词succeeded时态一致，应用一般过去时，填failed。fail
to
do
sth.
“未能做某事”。
9．keeping 考查非谓语动词。设空在句中做状语，应用非谓语动词。He与keep
up是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词做状语，填keeping。
10．an 考查冠词。根据语境“一个出色的科学家和工程师”可知，此处表“一个”，应用不定冠词，形容词excellent是元音音素开始的单词，应用不定冠词an。
书面表达：续写：参考答案
Paragraph
I:
Today
my
little
son
aged
three
was
sitting
with
me
on
the
sofa,
when
a
crow
suddenly
landed
on
the
window
edge.
My
son
asked
me
23
times
what
it
was,
and
I
replied
him
23
times
that
it
was
a
crow.
I
hugged
him
lovingly
each
time
he
asked
me
the
same
question.
I
did
not
at
all
feel
angry,
but
instead
felt
affection
for
my
son.
Paragraph
2:
After
reading
the
diary,
the
son
was
filled
with
tears
and
began
to
reflect
on
the
days
when
he
used
to
sit
together
with
his
father.
His
father
would
patiently
answer
the
same
question
all
23
times
without
feeling
irritation
while
his
father
asked
him
the
same
question
just
four
times!
Feeling
ashamed,
the
son
got
down
on
his
knees
before
his
father
and
made
an
apology
to
his
old
man,
begging
his
father
to
forgive
him
for
his
bad
behavior.
He
said
this
aloud,
"It
is
you
who
have
cared
for
me
ever
since
I
was
a
little
child,
showering
your
selfless
affection
on
met.
I
will
serve
you
in
the
best
way
no
matter
how
you
behave".
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】
通过阅读所给文章可知，一位80岁的老人和他受过高等教育的45岁的儿子坐在家里的沙发上。父亲反复地问乌鸦是什么，儿子逐渐不耐烦，对父亲吼。过了一会儿，父亲回到自己的房间，拿着一本自从儿子出生以来就一直保存着的、破破烂烂的日记回来。打开一页后，他让儿子读那一页。儿子读日记时，日记上写了这样几句话……
续写部分分为两段,第一段开头是：今天，我三岁的小儿子和我一起坐在沙发上。所以后文应该是讲述父亲和小时候的儿子看到乌鸦，儿子问了23次那是什么，父亲都耐心地回答了他；第二段开头是：看完日记后，儿子……本段应该写儿子看完日记后的感受，他感到羞愧，对父亲道歉了。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当,使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：land
on,
the
same,
instead等高级词汇；After
reading
the
diary,
the
son
was
filled
with
tears
and
began
to
reflect
on
the
days
when
he
used
to
sit
together
with
his
father.运用了定语从句；It
is
you
who
have
cared
for
me
ever
since
I
was
a
little
child,
showering
your
selfless
affection
on
met.运用了强调句等高级句式。
