2020-2021学年新外研版高中英语必修2：
Unit1
Food
for
thought
单元过关测试
（考试时间：90分钟
试卷满分：120分）
阅读理解：（满分：40分）
A
（2021·河北衡水中学月考）Aron
Lee
Ralston
was
born
in
a
middle
class
American
household.
His
family
moved
to
Colorado
when
Aron
was
12
years
old
and
this
move
laid
the
foundation
for
his
love
for
hiking
around
the
canyons
(峡谷).
Aron’s
life
changed
on
April
26th,
2003,
upon
facing
the
event
that
threatened
to
take
his
life,
and
almost
took
it.
He
was
hiking
through
the
Blue
John
Canyon
and
he
accidentally
displaced
a
huge
rock
he
was
climbing
down
from.
The
rock
caught
his
right
hand
in
between
itself
and
the
canyon
wall.
Aron
had
decided
to
go
on
the
adventure
alone
and
hadn’t
informed
anybody
about
it.
So,
when
he
was
unable
to
free
his
right
hand,
he
felt
he
would
be
stuck
forever
in
there.
He
tried
hard
to
get
his
hand
out
but
failed,
and
screaming
for
help
was
of
no
use
either.
Moreover,
he
didn’t
want
to
wear
himself
out
as
shouting
for
help
would
take
a
lot
of
energy,
which
was
essential
(重要)
for
surviving
the
unfortunate
event
for
a
long
period
of
time.
After
a
couple
of
days,
he
knew
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
set
himself
free
from
an
800-pound
rock.
He
decided
to
cut
off
his
right
hand.
He
had
a
blunt
(钝的)
pocket
knife
with
him,
which
wasn’t
sharp
enough
to
cut
through
the
bone.
Some
time
passed
and
his
water
and
food
supply
ended.
He
carved
his
name,
date
of
birth
and
a
possible
date
of
death
on
the
stone.
But
luckily
he
got
a
strange
idea
that
he
could
use
the
torque
(扭转力)
and
his
bones
to
separate
his
arm
from
his
body.
With
the
help
of
his
very
limited
tool,
he
finally
succeeded
and
walked
out
of
the
canyon,
bleeding
in
large
amounts.
Fortunately,
a
holidaying
family
saw
him
and
gave
him
food
and
water,
and
then
took
him
to
a
hospital.
After
the
accident,
Aron
got
a
prosthetic
limb
(假肢)
and
continued
mountain
climbing,
considering
the
accident
as
a
“turning
point
in
his
life”.
1．Why
did
Aron
stop
calling
for
help?
A．He
found
a
way
to
save
himself.
B．He
needed
to
save
energy.
C．He
gave
up
hope
for
survival
D．He
met
a
family
on
vacation.
2．How
did
Aron
save
himself?
A．He
removed
the
huge
stone.
B．He
cut
off
his
arm
with
a
knife.
C．He
was
pulled
out
of
there
by
his
family.
D．He
was
rescued
by
people
from
a
hospital.
3．Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Aron?
A．Enthusiastic
and
kind.
B．Independent
and
generous.
C．Adventurous
and
determined
D．Responsible
and
professional.
B
Your
best
friend
that
follows
you
around
when
the
sun
comes
out
-
your
shadow
-
doesn’t
serve
an
important
function
like
your
heart
or
brain,
but
what
if
you
could
use
shadows
to
create
electricity?
When
using
solar
panels
(电池板)
that
are
powered
by
light,
shadows
can
be
boring
because
it
means
electricity
can’t
be
created.
However,
researchers
from
the
National
University
of
Singapore
have
engineered
a
way
to
create
power
from
the
shadows
present
everywhere.
A
team
of
the
university
created
a
machine
that
can
collect
energy
from
shadows.
It
is
created
by
placing
a
thin
coating
of
gold
onto
silicon
(硅).
Like
in
a
normal
solar
panel,
when
put
in
light,
the
silicon
electrons
(电子)
become
energized
and
the
energized
electrons
then
jump
from
the
silicon
to
the
gold.
The
voltage
(电压)
of
the
part
of
the
machine
that
is
placed
in
the
light
increases
relative
to
the
dark
part
and
the
electrons
in
the
machine
flow
from
high
to
low
voltage.
They
are
sent
through
an
external
circuit
(外电路)
creating
a
current
that
can
be
used
to
power
another
machine.
The
greater
the
contrast
between
light
and
dark,
more
energy
is
provided
by
the
machine.
The
team
is
working
on
improving
the
performance
of
the
machine,
borrowing
approaches
from
solar
panels
to
gather
light.
Increasing
the
amount
of
light
the
machines
can
receive
allows
them
to
better
make
use
of
shadows,
as
well
as
developing
shadow
energy
collecting
panels
that
can
successfully
gather
from
indoor
lighting.
The
team
is
also
researching
the
use
of
other
materials
other
than
gold
to
drop
the
price
of
the
machine,
meaning
they
would
be
more
cost
effective
and
easier
to
apply
in
society.
Shadows
are
present
everywhere
and
perhaps
one
day
in
the
future
we
will
be
able
to
collect
energy
from
them
by
placing
the
shadow-effect
energy
machine
around
the
world
in
places
that
have
been
considered
unfit
for
solar
panels
to
work,
or
indoors.
“A
lot
of
people
think
that
shadows
are
useless,”
Tan
says,
but
“anything
can
be
useful,
even
shadows.”
4．What
is
Paragraph
1
mainly
about?
A．Your
best
friend
always
stays
with
you
after
the
sunrise.
B．The
shadow
has
the
same
function
as
the
heart
and
brain.
C．Shadows
can
stop
solar
panels
from
creating
electricity.
D．Researchers
have
found
a
way
to
create
power
from
shadows.
5．What
is
the
key
working
principle
of
the
machine
mentioned
in
the
text?
A．The
silicon
produces
electricity
when
it
is
in
the
light.
B．The
gold
produces
power
with
the
help
of
the
silicon.
C．The
energized
electrons
flow
from
high
to
low
voltage.
D．An
external
circuit
creates
current
using
another
machine.
6．How
does
the
team
improve
the
performance
of
the
machine?
A．Using
solar
panels
in
the
machine.
B．Increasing
the
amount
of
light
received.
C．Developing
light
energy
collecting
panels.
D．Bringing
down
the
price
of
gold.
7．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
place
to
apply
the
machine?
A．A
gym.
B．A
park.
C．A
farm.
D．A
playground.
C
（2021·山东济宁市·高一期中）Survival
and
rescue
stories
from
the
deadly
crash
of
TransAsia
Airways
Flight
235
in
Taiwan
are
inspiring
as
well
as
exciting.
They
raise
the
question:
Why
do
some
passengers
survive
plane
crashes
while
others
sadly
don't?
Some
of
the
survival
games
involve
factors
passengers
largely
can't
control,
like
the
weather,
flight
crew
skills,
the
design
of
airline
seats
and
the
construction,
maintenance
(维修)
and
the
age
of
the
plane.
But
passengers
themselves
can
do
a
lot
to
improve
their
chances
of
survival
simply
by
making
smart
choices
and
being
informed.
Here
are
a
few
ideas
to
keep
in
mind:
Seat
choice.
Experts
differ.
Have
you
heard
of
the
“five-row
rule”?
This
refers
to
the
idea
that
if
you're
sitting
within
five
rows
of
an
emergency
exit,
you
have
a
statistically
(统计地)
better
chance
of
surviving
a
crash.
Listen
to
the
safety
talk.
Yeah,
it's
boring.
But
it
could
save
your
life!
The
presentation－by
video
or
by
flight
attendants－explaining
what
to
do
in
case
the
plane
goes
down,
offers
key
information
like:
How
do
I
get
out?
Read
the
safety
card.
Do
you
know
that
safety
card
in
the
pocket
of
the
seat
in
front
of
you?
Think
of
it
as
a
map
leading
you
toward
survival.
Read
it.
It
shows
how
the
plane
you're
on
will
be
evacuated
(撤离)
.
Be
aware
of
the
exits.
Plan
your
escape.
Visualize
how
you－and
perhaps
children
you're
traveling
with－are
going
to
get
out
of
the
plane.
Move
quickly.
You
have
90
seconds
to
get
out
of
the
plane
after
a
crash.
Many
passengers
in
plane
crashes
survive
the
initial
impact.
It's
what
happens
next
that
often
kills
them.
This
includes
fire,
smoke
and
sometimes
water.
Sherwood
advises
using
90
seconds
as
a
time
frame
for
escaping.
8．At
the
beginning
of
the
passage,
the
crash
of
TransAsia
Airways
is
mentioned
________.
A．to
share
a
story
B．to
introduce
the
topic
C．to
introduce
a
flight
D．to
criticize
the
passengers
9．Of
the
following
things,
passengers
can
control
________.
A．the
weather
B．flight
crew
skills
C．the
age
of
the
plane
D．making
choices
of
the
seat
10．Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
A．You
should
read
the
boring
safety
card
on
the
desk
in
front
of
you.
B．You'd
better
sit
within
seven
rows
of
an
emergency
exit.
C．You
should
design
your
escape
way
in
advance.
D．You
should
wait
a
moment
after
a
crash.
11．The
author's
purpose
in
writing
this
passage
most
probably
is
________.
A．to
offer
us
some
tips
on
how
to
survive
an
air-crash
B．to
offer
us
some
tips
on
how
to
enjoy
an
air
journey
C．to
inform
us
of
major
services
on
the
plane
D．to
inform
us
of
the
danger
of
taking
planes
D
Once
called
“the
bridge
that
couldn’t
be
built,”
today
it
is
one
the
seven
wonders
of
the
modern
world.
This
magnificent
span,
perhaps
San
Francisco’s
most
famous
landmark,
opened
in
1937
after
a
four-year
struggle
against
non-stop
winds,
fog,
rock
and
treacherous
tides.
The
world-famous
Golden
Gate
Bridge
is
easily
recognized
by
its
International
Orange
color.
The
bridge
was
built
at
a
cost
of
$35
million
in
principal
and
$39
million
in
interest
and
11
workers’
lives.
The
bridge,
with
its
twin
towers
reaching
skyward
746
feet,
was
once
taller
than
any
building
in
San
Francisco.
It
took
more
than
10
years
to
make
a
plan
due
to
powerful
opposition,
but
only
four
years
in
actual
construction,
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
brought
the
communities
of
San
Francisco
and
Marin
counties
closer
together.
Pedestrians
(行人)
including
wheelchair
users
and
bicyclists
can
go
on
the
sidewalks
of
the
bridge
during
daylight
hours
but
skateboards
and
roller
skates
are
not
permitted.
If
you
can’t
visit
the
bridge
in
person,
do
the
virtual
bridge
walk
and
don’t
forget
to
check
out
the
view
from
the
top
of
the
south
tower.
If
interested
in
biking
across
the
bridge,
the
Presidio
offers
bike
rentals
and
electric
bike
share
opportunities,
plus
a
recommended
bike
path
through
Crissy
Field.
For
more
information,
visit
the
Presidio
online.
If
you
are
planning
to
stay
in
San
Francisco,
there
are
plenty
of
hotels
nearby
or
with
views
of
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge.
12．In
which
year
did
the
building
of
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
start?
A．In
1926.
B．In
1936.
C．In
1933.
D．In
1937.
13．How
much
money
did
people
spend
building
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge?
A．Exactly
39
million.
B．Less
than
35
million.
C．Around
50
million.
D．Over
70
million
in
total.
14．Which
of
the
following
way
of
visiting
the
bridge
is
NOT
mentioned?
A．Hiring
a
plane.
B．Riding
a
bicycle.
C．Visit
online.
D．Visiting
on
foot.
15．What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
1
probably
mean
according
to
the
passage?
A．No
one
in
the
city
really
wanted
to
have
the
bridge
built.
B．It
was
very
hard
to
build
such
a
huge
bridge
at
that
time.
C．People
in
San
Francisco
were
not
rich
enough
to
build
it.
D．It
would
claim
many
lives
if
the
bridge
was
finally
built.
七选五
（2021·山东枣庄市·高一期中）
Some
of
the
people
who
created
many
popular
apps
are
telling
kids
to
put
their
phones
away-at
least,
a
bit
more
often.
The
Center
for
Humane
Technology
is
made
up
of
people
who
used
to
work
for
big
tech
companies
like
Google,
Facebook
and
Twitter.
In
early
February,
the
center
started
a
campaign
called
The
Truth
About
Tech.
16
.
Now
they
want
kids
to
stop
using
those
apps
and
websites
so
much.
The
Center
for
Humane
Technology
says
the
tech
companies
talk
only
about
the
good
aspects
of
their
products
and
don't
mention
the
side
effects.
Their
products
bring
convenience
as
well
as
great
dangers.
17．.
According
to
studies
about
kids
and
technology,
about
78
percent
of
teens
check
their
phones
every
hour,
and
more
than
half
of
them
sleep
with
their
phones
in
case
they
get
a
call
or
message
during
the
night.
That
includes
social
media.
Some
physical
problems,
like
headaches,
eyestrain,
and
neck
pain
are
caused
by
using
phones
or
computers
too
much.
18．.
Children
and
teenagers
are
more
likely
to
have
these
problems
because
their
brains,
bodies
and
social
skills
are
still
developing.
One
goal
of
The
Truth
About
Tech
campaign
is
to
make
sure
that
kids
understand
how
technology
affects
them.
19．.
The
people
behind
the
campaign
also
want
governments
and
the
tech
companies
themselves
to
take
steps
to
protect
children.
20．,
when
they
are
designing
tech
tools
for
kids.
A．Therefore,
they
can
make
better
decisions
B．Children
are
most
likely
influenced
by
the
overuse
of
products
C．That
can
help
us
play
or
watch
online
as
much
as
possible
D．They
should
help
kids
use
high-tech
products
more
easily
E.
Students
spending
too
much
time
online
find
it
hard
to
be
focused
on
school
work
F.
Its
goal
is
to
teach
people
the
dangers
of
using
smart
phones
and
computers
too
much
G.
The
leaders
of
the
companies
should
think
about
what
they
want
for
their
own
children
Ⅱ.完形填空
（满分：15分）
Growing
up,
we
are
constantly
reminded
that
young
people
are
the
most
affected
by
technology.
We
prefer
to
__1__
our
friends
in
the
same
room
rather
than
make
eye?contact
with
them.
We
__2__
using
heart?eye
emojis
(表情符号)to
tell
someone
we
fancy
them,
instead
of
spelling
it
out.
Numerous
studies
show
us
our
social
media
__3__.
However,
we
should
at
least
consider
that
it's
not
only
us
young
ones
any
more.
There's
a
rise
of
mothers,
who
like
to
__4__
pictures
sharing
their
babies,
lifestyles
and
feelings
along
the
way.
While
many
teenagers
are
slowly
leaving
Facebook,
our
parents
see
it
as
a
__5__
to
keep
up
with
the
society.
Parents'
technology
addiction
is
__6__
affecting
their
children's
behavior.
40%
of
mothers
and
32%
of
fathers
have
__7__
having
phone
addiction.
This
has
led
to
a
__8__
fall
in
verbal
interactions
within
families
and
even
a
__9__
in
mothers
encouraging
their
children.
People
tend
to
switch
their
attention
away
from
those
around
them
to
__10__
their
phones
instead.
There
is
no
denying
that
I
get
__11__
when
I
receive
“I'll
be
with
you
shortly.”
from
a
parent.
All
I
want
to
do
is
ask
one
question,
but
waiting
until
my
father
puts
down
his
phone
has
become
a
__12__.
We
your
children—know
how
addictive
it
can
be
and
how
difficult
it
is
to
switch
off
.
Maybe
you
should
lead
by
__13__
and
consider
how
much
time
you
spend
on
the
phone
as
well
as
how
this
is
__14__
your
children
and
your
relationship
with
them.
Maybe
in
this
way
we
can
__15__
our
addiction
together.
1．A.seek
B．meet
C．choose
D．text
2．A.favor
B．advise
C．practise
D．avoid
3．A.addition
B．addiction
C．trips
D．tips
4．A.select
B．find
C．post
D．develop
5．A.appointment
B．book
C．home
D．platform
6．A.negatively
B．eventually
C．immediately
D．hardly
7．A.denied
B．admitted
C．allowed
D．suggested
8．
A.significant
B．necessary
C．new
D．special
9．
A.hope
B．fault
C．change
D．decline
10．A.lock
B．hide
C．check
D．repair
11．A.upset
B．delighted
C．skeptical
D．annoyed
12．A.root
B．process
C．practice
D．service
13．A.dream
B．nature
C．example
D．technology
14．A.impacting
B．infecting
C．promoting
D．impressing
15．A.pick
up
B．make
up
C．deal
with
D．gain
from
语法填空（满分：15分）
The
wildfires
in
Australia
became
considerably
worse
in
January,
2020.
The
disaster
faced
by
1.________
country
is
far
from
over.
Many
of
the
fires
2.________
(send)
smoke
high
into
the
atmosphere
and
some
smoke
turned
into
pyrocumulonimbus
cloud.The
clouds
can
help
a
fire
draw
in
more
air
and
shift
surface
winds,
3.________
(result)
in
fire
tornadoes(龙卷风)．Fires
have
destroyed
habitats
for
animals
that
4.________
(find)
only
in
Australia,
including
koalas
and
rare
birds.
It
will
take
time
to
fully
know
how
much
harms
have
done
5.________
wildlife.
The
wildfires
are
expected
6.________
(continue)
burning
for
months
as
Australia
entered
its
dry
season.
This
past
year,
2019,
is
the
hottest
and
driest
year
on
record.
Fires
happen
7.________
(regular)
during
the
Australian
dry
season.
However，climate
and
natural
changes
are
making
the
situation
8.________
(bad).
At
least
12
million
acres
have
been
burned
so
far
in
Victoria
and
New
South
Wales
alone.
Smoke
from
the
fires
has
made
9.________
to
South
America.
There
is
so
much
smoke
that
it
may
stay
in
the
air
for
months,
10.________
could
have
a
small
effect
on
the
planet's
climate.
书面表达：
第一节（满分10分）
某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括：
1.
保护中国传统文化的重要性
2.
列举1-2个你所知道的国家或当地政府文化保护的事例;
3.
谈谈你对文化保护的建议。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第二节
(满分
20分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
阅读下面材料，
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As
a
sixth
grader,
I
began
noticing
how
other
kids
were
separating
into
groups.
I
wasn't
sure
where
I
belonged.
I
found
it
hard
to
fit
in.
Our
teacher
had
assigned
“secret
friends”
for
the
coming
week.
She
wrote
each
kid's
name
on
a
piece
of
paper
and
threw
them
into
a
glass;
then
we
each
closed
our
eyes
and
drew
the
name
of
a
classmate
who
we
were
to
secretly
befriend
and
support
over
the
next
five
school
days.
By
the
middle
of
the
week,
everyone,
including
me,
had
turned
this
assignment
into
a
contest
to
see
whose
secret
friend
could
leave
the
best
gift.
We
left
cards,
pens
and
even
money.
It
seemed
that
everyone
was
getting
cool
presents
from
their
friend
except
me.
On
the
last
morning
of
our
assignment,
I
walked
into
my
classroom
and
noticed
there
was
a
package.
I
opened
the
wrapping
paper
and
inside
was
a
box
of
powder
(胭脂粉).
The
girls
sitting
near
me
laughed
the
gift
I
had
received.
To
make
matters
worse,
the
powder
had
already
been
opened.
I
tried
to
forget
about
the
embarrassing
gift,
but
when
I
was
in
the
bathroom
during
the
break,
the
girls
who
had
seen
me
open
the
powder
started
speaking
ill
of
my
secret
friend
of
giving
it
to
me.
I
quickly
joined
in
“How
terrible，”
I
heard
myself
saying
“What
could
my
friend
be
thinking
by
giving
me
such
a
stupid
gift?
My
grandmother
wouldn't
even
want
it.”
The
girls
laughed
at
my
remarks
and
rushed
out
of
the
bathroom.
I
stayed
to
wash
my
hands
and
let
the
water
run
through
my
fingers
as
I
thought
about
what
I
had
just
said.
It
wasn't
normal
like
me
to
say
mean
things
like
that
about
someone.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Then
I
saw
my
classmate
Janet
come
out
of
a
bathroom
booth
(厕所隔间),
tears
streaming
down
her
face.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Along
with
my
apologies,
I
told
her
the
fact.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________2020-2021学年新外研版高中英语必修2：
Unit1
Food
for
thought
单元过关测试（解析版）
（考试时间：60分钟
试卷满分：100分）
A
1-3．B．B．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Aron
Lee
Ralston热爱环绕峡谷徒步旅行以及讲述了2003年4月26日他在布鲁庄峡谷攀岩徒步旅行时一只手卡在岩石和峡谷壁之间时，他是如何自救的，以及此事对他的影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moreover,
he
didn’t
want
to
wear
himself
out
as
shouting
for
help
would
take
a
lot
of
energy,
which
was
essential
(重要)
for
surviving
the
unfortunate
event
for
a
long
period
of
time.
(而且，他不想把自己累坏，因为大声呼救会耗费很多精力，而这是在不幸事件中长时间生存的必要条件。)”可知，艾伦不再大声呼救是因为他需要节省精力。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“
He
decided
to
cut
off
his
right
hand.
He
had
a
blunt
(钝的)
pocket
knife
with
him,
which
wasn’t
sharp
enough
to
cut
through
the
bone.
(他决定砍掉自己的右手。他随身带着一把钝的袖珍小刀，不够锋利，切不断骨头。)”和第五段中“But
luckily
he
got
a
strange
idea
that
he
could
use
the
torque
(扭转力)
and
his
bones
to
separate
hi
arm
from
his
body.
(但幸运的是，他有了一个奇怪的想法，他可以利用扭转力和他的骨头把他的手臂和身体分开。)”可知，艾伦用刀砍掉了自己的胳膊来自救。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Aron
had
decided
to
go
on
the
adventure
alone
and
hadn’t
informed
anybody
about
it.
(艾伦决定独自去冒险，没有告诉任何人这件事。)”可知他是有冒险精神的；根据最后一段中“After
the
accident,
Aron
got
a
prosthetic
limb
(假肢)
and
continued
mountain
climbing,
considering
the
accident
as
a
“turning
point
in
his
life”.
(事故发生后，阿伦装上了义肢，继续登山，他认为这次事故是“人生的转折点”。)”，可知他是有决心的。因此，冒险和有决心一词最能描述艾伦。故选C项。
B
4-7．D．C．B．A
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究人员设计出的从阴影中收集能量的办法。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“However,
researchers
from
the
National
University
of
Singapore
have
engineered
a
way
to
create
power
from
the
shadows
present
everywhere.(然而，来自新加坡国立大学的研究人员已经设计出了一种从世界各地的阴影中创造力量的方法)”可知，第一段讲述研究人员已经找到了一种从阴影中创造力量的方法。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Like
in
a
normal
solar
panel,
when
put
in
light,
the
silicon
electrons
(电子)
become
energized
and
the
energized
electrons
then
jump
from
the
silicon
to
the
gold.
The
voltage
(电压)
of
the
part
of
the
machine
that
is
placed
in
the
light
increases
relative
to
the
dark
part
and
the
electrons
in
the
machine
flow
from
high
to
low
voltage.
They
are
sent
through
an
external
circuit
(外电路)
creating
a
current
that
can
be
used
to
power
another
machine.
The
greater
the
contrast
between
light
and
dark,
more
energy
is
provided
by
the
machine.(就像在普通的太阳能电池板中一样，当放入光中时，硅电子变成能量，有能量的电子然后从硅跳到黄金。机器放置在光中的部分的电压相对于暗部分增加，机器中的电子从高压流动到低压。它们通过外部电路发送，产生一种可用于为另一台机器供电的电流。明暗之间的对比度越大，机器提供的能量就越多)”可知，机器工作原理的关键是带电的电子从高压流到低压。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The
team
is
working
on
improving
the
performance
of
the
machine,
borrowing
approaches
from
solar
panels
to
gather
light.
Increasing
the
amount
of
light
the
machines
can
receive
allows
them
to
better
make
use
of
shadows,
as
well
as
developing
shadow
energy
collecting
panels
that
can
successfully
gather
from
indoor
lighting.(该团队正在努力提高机器的性能，利用太阳能电池板的方法来收集光线。增加机器可以接收到的光线的数量，使它们能够更好地利用阴影，以及开发可以从室内照明中成功收集到的阴影能量的收集面板)”可知，这个团队通过增加接收到的光的数量提高机器的性能。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Shadows
are
present
everywhere
and
perhaps
one
day
in
the
future
we
will
be
able
to
collect
energy
from
them
by
placing
the
shadow-effect
energy
machine
around
the
world
in
places
that
have
been
considered
unfit
for
solar
panels
to
work,
or
indoors.(阴影无处不在，也许将来有一天，我们可以通过将阴影效应能量机器放置在世界各地被认为不适合太阳能电池板工作或在室内工作的地方，从它们那里收集能量)”可知，使用这种机器的最好的地方是不适合太阳能电池板工作的地方或者室内，因此推断体育馆是最好的地方，其它三个地方都是室外。故选A。
C
8-11．B．D．C．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在发生空难事故时，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建议。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Survival
and
rescue
stories
from
the
deadly
crash
of
TransAsia
Airways
Flight
235
in
Taiwan
are
inspiring
as
well
as
exciting.
They
raise
the
question:
Why
do
some
passengers
survive
plane
crashes
while
others
sadly
don't?”（复兴航空235号航班在台湾的致命坠机事件中的生存和救援故事既鼓舞人心又令人振奋。它们提出了一个问题：为什么有些乘客能在飞机失事后幸存下来，而不幸地是另一些人却不能？）以及第三段中“But
passengers
themselves
can
do
a
lot
to
improve
their
chances
of
survival
simply
by
making
smart
choices
and
being
informed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的选择并得到信息，他们自己就能大大提高生存几率。）再结合下文提到了一些有助于乘客提高存活率的建议，可知，在文章开头提到复兴航空公司的坠机事件是为了引入文章的主题。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Seat
choice.
Experts
differ.
Have
you
heard
of
the
“five-row
rule”?
This
refers
to
the
idea
that
if
you're
sitting
within
five
rows
of
an
emergency
exit,
you
have
a
statistically
(统计地)
better
chance
of
surviving
a
crash.”（座位的选择。专家众说纷坛。你听说过“五排规则”吗？这是指如果你坐在离紧急出口5排以内的位置，从统计学上讲，你在空难中生存几率更大。）可知，乘客可以控制的是座位的选择。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Be
aware
of
the
exits.
Plan
your
escape.
Visualize
how
you－and
perhaps
children
you're
traveling
with－are
going
to
get
out
of
the
plane.”（留意出口位置。计划你的逃生路线。想象你或者可能是跟你一起出游的的孩子如何逃出这架飞机。）可知，要提前计划逃生路线；C选项“You
should
design
your
escape
way
in
advance(你应该提前设计你的逃生路线)”正确。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段“But
passengers
themselves
can
do
a
lot
to
improve
their
chances
of
survival
simply
by
making
smart
choices
and
being
informed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的选择并得到信息，他们自己就能大大提高生存几率。）以及“Here
are
a
few
ideas
to
keep
in
mind”（下面是一些需要记住的建议）再结合文章主要介绍了在发生空难时，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建议。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的很可能是为我们提供一些在空难中幸存的建议。故选A。
D
12-15．C．D．A．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章从历史、造价、高度、游览方式等多个方面介绍了现代世界七大奇迹之一的金门大桥。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This
magnificent
span,
perhaps
San
Francisco’s
most
famous
landmark,
opened
in
1937
after
a
four-year
struggle
against
non-stop
winds,
fog,
rock
and
treacherous
tides.（这一宏伟的建筑，也是旧金山最著名的地标，经历了四年与无休止的风雨石潮的对抗终于于1937年开放。）”可知，金门大桥历时四年在1937年建成开放，显然是于1933年开始修建的。故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The
bridge
was
built
at
a
cost
of
$35
million
in
principal
and
$39
million
in
interest
and
11
workers’
lives.（这座桥本身花了3500万美金，利息3900万美金，还搭上了11位工人的性命。）”可知，金门大桥整体的造价超过了7000万美金。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。文章第三段“Pedestrians
(行人)
including
wheelchair
users
and
bicyclists
can
go
on
the
sidewalks
of
the
bridge
during
daylight
hours
but
skateboards
and
roller
skates
are
not
permitted.”（行人包括轮椅使用者和骑自行车的人可以在白天走在桥的人行道上，但滑板和溜冰鞋是不允许的。）提到行人和骑自行车者可以上桥游览，第四段“If
you
can’t
visit
the
bridge
in
person,
do
the
virtual
bridge
walk
and
don’t
forget
to
check
out
the
view
from
the
top
of
the
south
tower.”（如果你不能亲自参观这座桥，那就做一次虚拟的桥上漫步，别忘了从南塔的顶部看风景。）提到也可以进行虚拟行走，即通过网络游览大桥，A选项所说的“租飞机”文中并未提到。故选A项。
15．句意猜测题。从第一段最后一句中“This
magnificent
span,
perhaps
San
Francisco’s
most
famous
landmark,
opened
in
1937
after
a
four-year
struggle
against
non-stop
winds,
fog,
rock
and
treacherous
tides.（这一宏伟的建筑，也是旧金山最著名的地标，经历了四年与无休止的风雨石潮的对抗终于于1937年开放。）”和第二段第二句“The
bridge
was
built
at
a
cost
of
$35
million
in
principal
and
$39
million
in
interest
and
11
workers’
lives.（这座桥本身花了3500万美金，利息3900万美金，还搭上了11位工人的性命。）”都可以看出，金门大桥的建造是非常不容易的，划线句“一座无法造出的桥”显然指的就是这一点，与B选项含义相符。故选B项。
七选五
16-20．F．B．E．A．G
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为“科技真相”的运动，它的目标是告诉人们过度使用智能手机和电脑的危险，希望孩子们停止频繁使用这些应用程序和网站。介绍了科技产品可能对儿童或青少年带来的一些不良影响。
16．根据上文“In
early
February,
the
center
started
a
campaign
called
The
Truth
About
Tech.(
2月初，该中心发起了一项名为“科技真相”的运动)”以及后文“Now
they
want
kids
to
stop
using
those
apps
and
websites
so
much.(现在，他们希望孩子们停止频繁使用这些应用程序和网站)”可知，上文提到了一项运动，可知则说希望孩子们停止频繁使用这些应用程序和网站，可推测本句承接上文说明这一运动的目的，F选项中Its指代上文a
campaign。故F选项“它的目标是告诉人们过度使用智能手机和电脑的危险”符合语境，故选F。
17．根据上文“The
Center
for
Humane
Technology
says
the
tech
companies
talk
only
about
the
good
aspects
of
their
products
and
don't
mention
the
side
effects.
Their
products
bring
convenience
as
well
as
great
dangers.(人道技术中心表示，这些科技公司只谈论他们产品的好的方面，而没有提到副作用。他们的产品在带来方便的同时也带来了巨大的危险)”以及后文“According
to
studies
about
kids
and
technology,
about
78
percent
of
teens
check
their
phones
every
hour,
and
more
than
half
of
them
sleep
with
their
phones
in
case
they
get
a
call
or
message
during
the
night.
That
includes
social
media.(根据关于儿童与科技的研究，约78%的青少年每小时查看一次手机，其中超过一半的人睡觉时都带着手机，以防夜间接到电话或短信。这包括社交媒体)”可知，上文提到科技公司产品可能带来巨大危险，后文则提到一项关于儿童与科技的研究，可推测本句主要是关于儿童使用科技产品的说明，故B选项“儿童最有可能受到过度使用产品的影响”符合语境，故选B。
18．根据上文“Some
physical
problems,
like
headaches,
eyestrain,
and
neck
pain
are
caused
by
using
phones
or
computers
too
much.(一些身体问题，如头痛、眼睛疲劳和颈部疼痛都是由过度使用手机或电脑引起的)”以及后文“Children
and
teenagers
are
more
likely
to
have
these
problems
because
their
brains,
bodies
and
social
skills
are
still
developing.(儿童和青少年更容易出现这些问题，因为他们的大脑、身体和社交技能仍在发展中)”可知，上文提到了一些过度使用手机或电脑引起的问题，后文则说儿童和青少年更容易出现这些问题，可推测本句是在说明过度使用手机或电脑对青少年、学生的影响，故E选项“花太多时间在网上的学生发现很难集中精力做功课”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据上文“One
goal
of
The
Truth
About
Tech
campaign
is
to
make
sure
that
kids
understand
how
technology
affects
them.
(“关于科技的真相”活动的目标之一是确保孩子们了解科技是如何影响他们的)”可知，上文提到活动的目的是确保孩子们了解科技是如何影响他们的，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明这么做的结果是孩子们可以做出更好的决定。A选项中they指代上文中kids。故A选项“因此，他们可以做出更好的决定”符合语境，故选A。
20．根据上文“The
people
behind
the
campaign
also
want
governments
and
the
tech
companies
themselves
to
take
steps
to
protect
children.(该活动背后的人还希望政府和科技公司自己采取措施保护儿童)”以及后文“when
they
are
designing
tech
tools
for
kids.(当他们为孩子们设计科技工具的时候)”可知，上文提到了活动策划者期望政府和科技公司多为孩子考虑，自觉采取措施保护儿童，故本句承接上文继续说明他们的期望，G选项中companies对应上文中companies。故G选项“公司的领导应该考虑他们想为自己的孩子做什么”符合语境，故选G。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述大人们对社交媒体上瘾，尤其手机，影响了和孩子们之间的关系，应该尽可能地放下手机，解决对手机上瘾的问题。
1．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们更喜欢在同一个房间给朋友发短信，而不是和他们进行眼神交流。A.
seek寻找；B.
meet见面；C.
choose选择；D.
text发短信。根据下文使用表情符号，可推测这里应该是发短信，故选D。
2．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢用heart?eye表情符号告诉别人我们喜欢他们，而不是拼写出来。A.
favor喜欢；B.
advise建议；C.
practise练习；D.
avoid避免。根据下文告诉别人我们喜欢他们，可知我们应该是喜欢用表情符号，故选A。
3．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大量研究表明，我们对社交媒体上瘾。A.
addition添加；B.
addiction上瘾；C.
trips旅行；D.
tips小费。根据上文喜欢用表情符号来代替拼写，可知这里是对社交媒体上瘾，故选B。
4．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的妈妈们喜欢发布照片分享她们的宝宝、生活方式和一路走来的感受。A.
select选择；B.
find找到；C.
post发布；D.
develop发展。根据下文分享她们的宝宝，生活方式和感受，所以应该是发布照片，故选C。
5．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当许多青少年慢慢地离开Facebook的时候，我们的父母却把它看作是一个与社会同步的平台。A.
appointment约会；B.
book书；C.
home家；D.
platform平台。根据常识可知Facebook是一个社交平台，故选D。
6．答案与解析：A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：父母的科技成瘾对孩子的行为有负面影响。A.
negatively负面地；B.
eventually最终地；C.
immediately立即地；D.
hardly几乎不。根据下文说父母有手机瘾，导致家庭沟通下降，故选A。
7．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：40%的母亲和32%的父亲承认自己有手机瘾。A.
denied否认；B.
admitted承认；C.
allowed允许；D.
suggested建议。根据上文说父母的科技成瘾对孩子有负面影响，可知这里是说对手机上瘾，admitted承认，符合语境，故选B。
8．答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致了家庭内部语言交流的显著下降，甚至导致了母亲鼓励孩子的下降。A.
significant显著的；B.
necessary必须的；C.
new新的；D.
special特别的。根据上面说负面影响，这里是导致的后果，所以应该是显著的，故选A。
9．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
hope希望；B.
fault错误；C.
change变化；D.
decline下降。根据上文家庭内部语言交流的显著下降，这里也应该是下降，故选D。
10．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们往往会把注意力从身边的人身上转移到手机上。A.
lock锁定；B.
hide藏；C.
check查看；D.
repair修理。根据上文说有手机瘾，所以这里应该是用查看手机来代替关注别人，故选C。
11．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不可否认，当我收到来自父母的“我很快就会和你在一起”的短信时，我会很生气。A.
upset不安的；B.
delighted高兴的；C.
skeptical怀疑的；D.
annoyed生气的。因为下文说很快，但一直等到父亲放下手机，所以这里应该是生气的，故选D。
12．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
root支持；B.
process进程；C.
practice习惯；D.
service服务。根据上文说的父母对手机成瘾，再加上本句一直等我父亲放下手机，所以这里习惯更符合语境，故选C。
13．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许你应该以身作则，考虑一下你花在电话上的时间，以及这如何影响你的孩子和你与他们的关系。A.
dream梦想；B.
nature自然；C.
example例子；D.
technology科技。根据上文说父母手机成瘾对孩子的影响，这里应该是父母要作为榜样来考虑一下花在电话上的时间，故选C。
14．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
impacting影响；B.
infecting传染；C.
promoting提升；D.
impressing给……留下深刻印象。根据上文说父母手机成瘾对孩子的影响，可知这里应该也是影响，故选A。
15．答案与解析：C 考查动词词组辨析。句意：同上。也许这样我们可以一起解决我们的上瘾。A.
pick
up学会；B.
make
up弥补；C.
deal
with解决；D.
gain
from从……得到。根据上文说要以身作则，考虑手机对孩子和你们关系的影响，这里应该是解决我们对手机的上瘾，故选C。
语法填空
【语篇解读】 澳大利亚的森林大火在
2020
年1
月变得更加严重，同时火灾中产生的烟雾又引发了火灾龙卷风。
1．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。此处的country特指上文的Australia，故应用定冠词。故填the。
2．答案与解析：sent 考查时态。根据后文的turned
into可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语Many
of
the
fires与谓语动词send之间是主谓关系。故填sent。
3．答案与解析：resulting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，result在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填resulting。
4．答案与解析：are
found 考查时态及语态。本句的主语animals与动词find构成动宾关系，且该句话描述的是当前的事实故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are
found。
5．答案与解析：to 考查介词。do
harm
to为固定短语，意为“伤害”。故填to。
6．答案与解析：to
continue 考查非谓语动词。be
expected
to
do
sth.为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填to
continue。
7．答案与解析：regularly 考查词性转换。修饰动词happen应用副词。故填regularly。
8．答案与解析：worse 考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，此处表示“更糟”，故应用形容词的比较级形式。故填
worse。
9．答案与解析：it 考查代词。make
it
to为固定短语，意为“到”。故填
it。
10．答案与解析：which 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处所在是非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。
书面表达：
第一节（满分15分）
某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括：
1.
保护中国传统文化的重要性
2.
列举1-2个你所知道的国家或当地政府文化保护的事例;
3.
谈谈你对文化保护的建议。
Protect
Traditional
Chinese
Culture
The
protection
of
national
and
folk
culture
is
of
great
significance
to
Chinese
cultural
diversity
and
also
to
the
harmonious
development
between
local
economic
and
social
development.
It
is
reported
that
the
Guangdong
government
pays
special
attention
to
protecting
Chaoju，
a
local
drama
born
in
Chaozhou
in
the
eastern
Guangdong
province.
In
my
opinion,
some
measures
should
be
taken
to
protect
traditional
culture
effectively.
To
start
with,
we
should
make
a
law
to
regulate
the
society’s
performance.
Besides,
we
should
draw
more
people’s
attention
to
it,
for
the
more
they
know
about
the
importance
of
culture
protection,
the
stronger
support
we
can
get
from
the
public.
In
a
word,
it
is
high
time
for
us
to
treasure
and
develop
our
own
valuable
culture.
第二节
(满分
25分)
参考范文：
Then
I
saw
my
classmate
Janet
come
out
of
a
bathroom
booth,
tears
streaming
down
her
face.
She
kept
sobbing
with
her
head
down,
her
shoulders
shaking
violently
and
her
eyes
full
of
disappointment.
It
was
at
that
moment
that
I
realized
Janet
must
be
my
“secret
friend”.
I
couldn't
resist
recalling
what
awful
comments
I
had
made
in
order
to
fit
in
with
other
girls.
So
embarrassed
was
I
that
my
minded
raced
as
I
was
trying
to
figure
out
what
to
do
next.
Ultimately,
I
was
determined
to
apologize
to
her,
hoping
to
win
her
forgiveness.
Along
with
my
apologies,
I
told
her
the
fact.
“I'm
sorry
to
hurt
you
by
speaking
ill
of
that
gift.
I
was
just
trying
to
fit
in.
Deep
down
I
know
this
must
be
your
most
valuable
powder
and
I
love
the
gift！”
After
explaining
the
reason,
I
let
out
a
sigh
of
relief,
adding
with
a
tentative
(试探性的)
tone,
“Can
you
forgive
me？”
She
smiled
through
tears
and
hugged
me
tightly.
I
harvested
a
genuine
friend
at
that
moment.
It
was
this
unique
experience
that
made
me
realize
that
a
true
friend
doesn't
lie
in
how
fancy
the
gift
she
gave
you,
but
in
how
sincerely
she
treated
you.
