2020-2021学年牛津译林版（2019）必修三Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Reading课件（50张ppt）

Unit
4
Scientists
who
changed
the
world
WHO
ARE
THEY?
钱学森（中国导弹之父）
钱学森是世界著名科学家，中国导弹和载人航天奠基人，中国两弹一星功勋奖章获得者，中国科学院及中国工程院院士。钱学森于1911年12月11日，出生于上海。解放前，钱学森在美国担任教授，他回国效力愿望，可谓是一波三折，最终于1955年在国家领导人的争取下才回到中国。2009年10月31日北京时间上午8时6分，钱学森在北京逝世，享年98岁。
邓稼先（中国原子弹之父）
邓稼先1924年6月25日，出生于安徽省怀宁县，是中国核武器的开拓者和奠基者，为中国核事业献出了毕生精力以及生命，由于在核实验当中受到核辐射，于1986年7月29日在北京不幸逝世，终年62岁。钱学森和邓稼先被誉为“中国两弹元勋”，他们为中国的国防事业，做出的贡献将载入清史，永垂不朽。
华罗庚（中国著名数学家）
华罗庚1910年11月12日，出生于江苏省常州市，是中国科学院院士，美国国家科学院外籍院士，第三世界科学院院士。华罗庚主要从事解析数论、矩阵几何学、典型群、自守函数论、多复变函数论等领域的研究，是中国近代最著名的数学科学家和世界数学伟人之一，国际上以华氏命名的数学科研成果有“华氏定理”、“华氏不等式”等等。
于敏（中国氢弹之父）
于敏，1926年8月16日，出生于河北省宁河县，是中国氢弹之父，著名的核物理学家，国家最高科技奖获得者。于敏，1949年毕业于北京大学物理系，1999年被国家授予“两弹一星”功勋奖章，2018年12月18日，国家授予于敏改革先锋称号。2019年1月16日，于敏在北京逝世，享年93岁。同年9月17日，国家主席签署主席令，授予于敏“共和国勋章”。
吴孟超（中国肝胆外科之父）
吴孟超（1922年8月31日-2021年5月22日），福建闽清人，著名肝胆外科专家，中国科学院院士，中国肝脏外科的开拓者和主要创始人之一，李庄同济医院终身名誉院长，被誉为“中国肝胆外科之父”和有可能获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国大陆学者之一。
袁隆平（首届国家最高科学技术奖得主、杂交水稻之父）
袁隆平（1930年9月7日-2021年5月22日），男，汉族，生于北京，无党派人士，江西省九江市德安县人。享誉海内外的著名农业科学家，中国杂交水稻事业的开创者和领导者，中国共产党的亲密朋友，无党派人士的杰出代表，“共和国勋章”获得者，湖南省政协原副主席，国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心原主任，中国工程院院士?，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”
https://www./video/BV1B44y1B79p?share_source=copy_web
Reading
Chinese
scientist
wins
2015
Nobel
Prize
Pre-reading
Tu
Youyou.
Chinese
scientist
wins
2015
Nobel
Prize.
Who
is
this
winner?
What
do
you
know
about
Tu
Youyou?
Nobel
Prize
winner
Tu
Youyou
Well-educated
Strong-minded
Willing
to
sacrifice
Pre-reading
Do
you
know
what
malaria
is?
Watch
the
video
and
answer
the
questions
1.
What
causes
malaria
mostly?
2.
What’s
the
symptom
of
getting
malaria?
1.
What
causes
malaria
mostly?
2.
What’s
the
symptom
of
getting
malaria?
The
mosquito/A
mosquito
bite.
Chills,
fever,
sweating,
headache,
nausea,
aches
and
pains
all
over
the
body,
even
seizures,
a
loss
of
consciousness,
or
death.
1.
What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou’s
career.
B.
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team.
C.
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou's
lecture.
D.
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou
and
the
discovery
of
qinghaosu.
2.
Why
did
they
lack
qinghao
extract
for
large
trials?
A.
Because
research
resources
and
good
equipment
were
in
short
supply.
B.
Because
Tu
and
her
team
lacked
experience.
C.
Because
there
was
no
good
laboratory
for
experimenting.
D.
Because
they
had
no
support
from
the
government
and
their
families.
?
3.
What's
the
meaning
of
“speed
up”
in
para.
5?
A.
Pull
up
B.
Turn
up
C.
Hold
up
D.
Hurry
up
4.
What
can
we
learn
about
Tu
Youyou
form
para.
6?
A.
To
encourage
scientists
to
further
explore
traditional
Chinese
medicine.
B.
Tu
didn't
have
sufficient
data
to
start
trials
on
real
patients.
C.
Tu
doesn't
continue
to
conduct
research
today.
D.
Tu
made
traditional
Chinese
medicine
spread.
1971
1930
succeeded
in
making
qinghao
extract
that
could
treat
malaria
in
mice
1951-1955
1969
1972
2015
born
in
Ningbo,
Zhejiang
Province
studied
medicine
at
university
in
Beijing
became
head
of
a
team
that
intended
to
find
a
cure
for
malaria
successfully
discovered
qinghaosu
won
the
Nobel
Prize
Tu’s
personal
experiences
Skimming
Scanning
Para.
1
Para.
2
Para.
3-5
Para.
6
Tu
Youyou
won
a
Nobel
Prize
in
2015
for
discovery
of
qinghaosu.
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team’s
efforts
finally
paid
off.
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team
solved
a
lot
of
problems
before
they
successfully
discovered
qinghaosu.
Tu
Youyou
acquired
a
broad
knowledge
of
both
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
Western
medicine.
Read
para.1
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
Why
did
Tu
receive
a
Nobel
Prize?
She
was
awarded
for
the
contribution
to
the
fight
against
malaria.
Tu
Youyou
has
become
the
first
female
scientist
of
the
People's
Republic
of
China
to
receive
a
Nobel
Prize,
awarded
for
her
contribution
to
the
fight
against
malaria,
one
of
the
deadliest
diseases
in
human
history.
Thanks
to
her
discovery
of
qinghaosu,
malaria
patients
all
over
the
world
now
have
had
a
greatly
increased
chance
of
survival.
选词填空award/reward/prize。
①Mrs.
Taylor
has
an
8-year-old
daughter
who
has
a
gift
for
painting—she
has
won
two
national
______.
②Work
gets
done
more
easily
when
people
do
it
together,
and
the
_______are
higher
too.
③His
movie
won
several
_______at
the
film
festival,
which
was
beyond
his
wildest
dream.
prizes
rewards
awards
【仿写】
简是第一位研究黑猩猩与人类之间联系的女性。
Jane
is
the
first
woman
to
study
the
connections
between
chimps
and
human
beings.
Read
para.2
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
was
Tu's
educational
experience?
She
studied
medicine
at
university
in
Beijing
and
completed
further
training
courses
in
traditional
Chinese
medicine
,
acquiring
a
broad
knowledge
of
both
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
Western
medicine.
Born
in
1930,
in
Ningbo,
Zhejiang
Province,
Tu
studied
medicine
at
university
in
Beijing
between
1951
and
1955.
After
graduation,
she
worked
at
the
Academy
of
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine.
She
completed
further
training
courses
in
traditional
Chinese
medicine,
acquiring
a
broad
knowledge
of
both
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
Western
medicine.
Read
Para.
3-5
for
details：What
problems
did
Tu
and
her
team
solve
before
they
successfully
discover
qinghaosu?
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Problem
Solution
The
extracts
failed
to
produce
any
promising
results.
Tu
and
her
team
could
not
produce
enough
qinghao
extract
because
research
resources
were
limited.
Tu
and
her
team
did
not
have
sufficient
safety
data
to
start
trials
on
patients.
A2
Careful
reading
{21E4AEA4-8DFA-4A89-87EB-49C32662AFE0}Problems
Solutions
The
extracts
failed
to
produce
any
promising
results.
Tu
Youyou
referred
to
the
ancient
books
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine
again,
redesigned
the
experiments
and
tried
extracting
the
qinghao
herb
at
a
low
temperature
in
order
not
to
damage
its
effective
part.
A2
(Para.3)
knowlegable,well-educated
Careful
reading
Tu's
education
was
soon
to
prove
very
useful.
In
the
1960s,
many
people
were
dying
of
malaria,
and
in
1969
Tu
became
head
of
a
team
that
intended
to
find
a
cure
for
the
disease.
She
collected
over
2,000
traditional
Chinese
medical
recipes
for
malaria
treatment
and
made
hundreds
of
extracts
from
different
herbs.
When
they
failed
to
produce
any
promising
results,
Tu
referred
to
the
ancient
books
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine
again.
Inspired
by
an
over
1,600-year-old
text
about
preparing
qinghao
extract
with
cold
water,
Tu
redesigned
the
experiments
and
tried
extracting
the
herb
at
a
low
temperature
in
order
not
to
damage
its
effective
part.
On
4
October
1971,
after
190
failures,
she
succeeded
in
making
qinghao
extract
that
could
treat
malaria
in
mice.
翻译下面句子。
1)
I
don't
want
to
refer
to
this
matter
any
more.
2)
Refer
to
the
dictionary
when
you
don't
know
how
to
spell
a
word.
3)
I
knew
the
teacher
was
referring
to
Bill
when
she
spoke
of
a
bright
boy
in
our
class.
我再也不想提这件事了。???????????????????
当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时，查阅一下词典。
当老师谈到我们班里的一个聪明的男孩时，我知道她指的是Bill。
{21E4AEA4-8DFA-4A89-87EB-49C32662AFE0}Problems
Solutions
Tu
and
her
team
could
not
produce
enough
qinghao
extract
because
research
resources
were
limited.
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team
managed
to
find
solutions
to
the
problem,
e.g.
using
household
water
containers
instead
of
research
equipment.
(Para.4)
intelligent,strong-minded
Careful
reading
However,
it
was
hard
to
produce
enough
qinghao
extract
for
large
trials
because
research
resources
were
limited.
Tu
and
her
team
managed
to
find
solutions
to
the
25
problem.
When
there
was
no
research
equipment,
they
had
to
extract
herbs
using
household
water
containers.
They
worked
day
and
night
and
their
health
began
to
suffer
because
of
the
poor
conditions,
but
they
never
gave
up.
{21E4AEA4-8DFA-4A89-87EB-49C32662AFE0}Problems
Solutions
Tu
and
her
team
did
not
have
sufficient
safety
data
to
start
trials
on
patients.
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team
volunteered
to
test
the
qinghao
extract
on
themselves.
(Para.5)
devoted
to
science,willing
to
sacrifice
Careful
reading
Even
with
large
amounts
of
qinghao
extract
produced,
however,
they
still
faced
another
problem.
The
trials
on
patients
were
likely
to
be
postponed
because
they
did
not
have
sufficient
safety
data.
To
speed
up
the
process
and
ensure
its
safety,
Tu
and
her
team
volunteered
to
test
qinghao
extract
on
themselves
first.
with复合结构
with复合结构在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。该结构常见的其他形式有:
（1）with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语（表示状态）。如：
在夏天，她通常开着窗户睡觉。
In
summer,
she
usually
sleeps
with
the
windows
open.
她离开了房间，所有的灯还亮着。
She
left
the
room
with
all
the
lights
on.
（2）with＋宾语＋现在分词（表示主动、动作正在进行）。如：
她睡着了，灯还亮着。
She
fell
asleep
with
the
light
burning.
（3）with＋宾语＋动词不定式（表示未作）。如：
她知道，有他帮忙，她能够而且会成功。
She
knew
that
with
him
to
help
her,
she
could
and
would
succeed.
Translation(postpone/put
off)
1.由于下大雨，?我们已经决定把运动会推迟到下周一。
2.你做事总是拖拉，你得克服这个坏习惯。
Because
of
heavy
rain,
we
have
decided
to
postpone
our
sports
meeting
until
next
Monday.
You’re
always
putting
off
things.
You
should
get
rid
of
this
bad
habit.
Read
para.6
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
did
TU
encourage
scientists
to
do
about
the
traditional
Chinese
medicine.
?
?
2.
What
significant
role
has
traditional
Chinese
medicine
played
in
Tu's
success?
She
encouraged
scientists
to
further
explore
the
treasure
house
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
raise
it
to
a
higher
level.
Firstly
Tu's
educational
backgraound
--a
broad
knowledge
of
both
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
Western
medicine
enabled
her
to
find
a
cure
for
malaria.
Secondly,
abundant
traditional
Chinese
medical
recipes
gave
her
plenty
of
choices.
Thirdly,
traditonal
Chinese
medical
classics
inspired
her
.
The
efforts
of
Tu
and
her
team
finally
paid
off,
In
November
1972,
through
trial
and
error,
they
successfully
discovered
qinghaosu-
-the
most
effective
part
of
the
qinghao
extract.
As
a
key
part
of
many
malaria
medicines,
qinghaosu
has
since
benefited
about
200
million
malaria
patients.
More
than
40
years
after
its
discovery,
Tu
was
eventually
awarded
a
Nobel
Prize
for
her
work.
In
her
Nobel
Lecture,
she
encouraged
scientists
to
further
explore
the
treasure
house
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
raise
it
to
a
higher
level
Perhaps
the
next
generation
of
scientists,
drawing
on
the
wisdom
of
traditional
Ch?nese
medicine,
will
indeed
discover
more
40
medicines
beneficial
to
global
health
care.
一句多译
新鲜空气对我们的健康有益。
Fresh
air
is
beneficial
to
our
health.
Fresh
air
is
of
benefit
to
our
health.
Fresh
air
benefits
our
health.
Our
health
benefits
from
fresh
air.
The
tail
(optional)
The
lead(新闻导语)
The
body
Title
attractive,direcct,exact,brief,incomplete
the
most
important
information:
Who,
What,
When,
Where,
Why,
How
detailed
or
supporting
information
background
information
or
conclusion
Exploring
for
structure:The
features
of
a
news
report
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team
solved
a
lot
of
problems
before
they
successfully
discovered
qinghaosu.
Para.
1
News
report:
Para.
2
Paras.
3–5
Para.
6
Tu
Youyou
acquired
a
broad
knowledge
of
both
traditional
Chinese
medicine
and
Western
medicine.
Tu
Youyou
and
her
team’s
efforts
finally
paid
off.
Tu
Youyou
won
a
Nobel
Prize
in
2015
for
her
discovery
of
qinghaosu.
The
most
important
information
Conclusion
Supporting
information
Other
detailed
information
The
inverted
pyramid(倒三角)
Exploring
for
structure
1.
What
qualities
did
Tu
Youyou
show
as
a
scientist?
Use
details
from
the
news
report
to
support
your
ideas.
2.
Tu
Youyou
is
the
first
female
Chinese
scientist
to
win
a
Nobel
Prize.
In
your
opinion,
what
is
the
significance
of
this
achievement?
A3
In
pairs,
discuss
the
following
questions.
Exploring
for
characristics:
hard-working
?
after
190
failures,
she
succeeded
in
making
qinghao
extract
(L21)
?
collected
over
2,000
traditional
Chinese
medical
recipes,
made
hundreds
of
extracts
from
different
herbs
(L15)
patient
?
worked
day
and
night
and
their
health
began
to
suffer,
but
they
never
gave
up
(L26)
Committed
(奉献的)
?
volunteered
to
test
qinghao
extract
on
themselves
first
(31)
Selfless
(无私的)
What
qualities
did
Tu
Youyou
show
as
a
scientist?
Use
details
from
the
news
report
to
support
your
ideas.
Sample
My
Hero
Speaking
of
heroes,
it
is
not
difficult
to
think
of
great
heroes
in
history.
As
for
me,
I
have
a
hero
in
my
heart
who
fights
with?the
virus--academician
Zhong
Nanshan.（开门见山，谁是你的英雄。）
Firstly,
in
this
fight
against
the
virus,
academician
Zhong
Nanshan
faces
the
virus
bravely
at
the
age
of
84.
Secondly,
He
leads
us
on
the
perfect
and
right
road
with
his
calmness
and
knowledge.
What’s
more,
it
is
he
who
saved
lots
of
patients.（分点阐述原因—英雄的成就和精神。）
I
am
moved
by
his
spirit
of
devotion.
He
is
a
good
example
for
me
to
follow.
I
will
study
hard
and
return
for
the
society.
He
is
my
real
hero
in
my
heart.（总结）
Writing
skills
Transitional
sentences
1.
Tu's
educatin
was
soon
to
prove
very
useful.
2.
However,
it
was
hard
to
produce
enough
qinghao
extract
for
large
trials
because
research
resources
were
limited.
3.
Even
with
large
amounts
of
qinghaoextract
produced,
however,
they
still
faced
another
problem.
A
transitional
sentence
is
designed
to
move
the
audience
from
one
idea
to
another
without
causing
confusion
or
losing
fluidity.
1.
Write
a
speech
on
“What
I
can
learn
from
Tu
Youyou”
based
on
group
work.
2.
Finish
the
workbook.
Homework