(共69张PPT)
2012年高考英语备考策略
脚踏实地 步步为营
备战高考，首先对学生的需求有着一定的了解。指导得法, 则事半功倍; 要科学高效地指导学生进行高考备考,教师首先应熟悉高考考点和要求,其次应研读每年的高考大纲及考试说明,明确考试的范围和重点,再者还要研究历年的高考真题，通过对真题的分析和研究，来确定高考复习的要点。
一、考点剖析
三、解题指导
四、试卷讲评
二、题型探究
一、考点剖析
1.名词：陕西试题从06-11年在单项选择中只有09年出现名词辨析。但从其他省份的试题来看主要是考查名词在具体语境中运用、同义词或近义词的辨析、名词与其他词的搭配。
(11.江苏)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge
in order to maintain their professional ___.
consequence B. independence C. competence D. Intelligence
(10.安徽) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ____.
A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure
“义” 准 “数” 清
1.集中时间机械记忆，在练习中碰到就重复、强调。提高有特殊含义名词的复现率。
(09重庆.完形填空) They can hardly blame me. It is largely their own ____ … B. responsibility D. fault
对词义的理解有误，“责任”在汉语中的表达与英语的理解出现偏差。
如：帮助你是我的责任（义务）It’s my responsibility…
打碎花瓶不是我的责任（过错）It’s not my fault…
如复习direction一词：提醒学生 “说明书” directions 联想到introductions. 延伸复习 in all directions / in the direction of. 同时注意 from the direction of
例 I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
2.冠词：考查对不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的灵活运用，主要考查：泛指
／类指、特指／专指和习惯用法。考查冠词实际上是对名词认识的考查，名词和冠词密不可分。
难点在于：抽象名词具体化时冠词的用法
经常提醒学生：failure- a failure success- a success
the old/ the young/ the rich/ the poor / the wounded
(西安八校)We have every reason to believe that ___ 2012 Olympics in London will be ___ success.
A. a; a B. /; a C. the; / D. the; a
特殊用法： have supper/ have a rich supper
the sun/ a burning sun the world/ a new world
a new Shaanxi
时刻牢记固定用法：have a cold/ all of a sudden
in a hurry/at a distance/at a loss of/ a waste of…
In case of / on board/ come to light/ under repair
基本结构不能忘
In the morning /on a cold morning
On Friday morning
Have supper / have a rich supper
Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings
随见随提，时刻牢记
3.代词：
不定代词辨析some/ any ; something/anything/nothing;
none/no one/nothing; another/other; each/every/either/neither.
重点：it, one, the one, that, those
年份 it的同法 替代 不定代词 其他用法
06 ★
07 ★ ★one
08
09 any
10 ★that
11 another
引导学生造句，翻译，编练习，对比训练
1. I want a house with a garden, but I can’t afford ____. one
2. I want the house with a garden, but I can’t afford ____. It
3. I have seen many houses in this district, but I can’t afford ___. one
4. I have seen many houses in this district, and I decided to buy ____ with a garden. one
That / the one / one
5. The house is ____I like very much. the one
6. A bridge made of stone is stronger than ___ that is made of wood. one
7. The life here is better than ____ in my hometown. that
8. The life now is better than ____ used to be. it
4.形容词/副词及倍数表达
考查具体语境中辨析形容词、副词的词义；比较级结构；倍数表达；形容词排序等。
（11.陕西）The new stadium being built for the next Asian
Games will be ____ the present one.
答案：B. three times as big as
复习重点：词形相近的形容词/副词的辨析
词义相近的形容词/副词的辨析
用法易混淆的形容词/副词的辨析
（10.陕西）Studies show that people are more____ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure
5.介词及介词词组
掌握常用介词on /at / in的区别；
across/ through/ past / over等的区别；
besides / except / but / but for 的区别；
in case / in turn / in favor of 的区别；
in honor of / in search of / in spite of / in view of的区别。
beyond 的用法
难点：He insist on his son’s/ his son helping him.
Jackie insisted on (his/him) being present at the meeting.
作主语时 His son’s coming late made him a bit angry.
复习方案：
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率高且用法庞杂。需要逐一整理常用介词的用法，弄清常用易混介词的异同，使学生能根据语境和交际条件运用介词。
5.动词/动词词组
（1）常见动词词义辨析：特别注意形似动词之间的辨析；意义相近的动词的辨析以及常见动词的特殊含义。
近年来出现频率较高的词：get, turn, make, put, go, give, break, cut, come, look, keep, bring, show, pick ,carry, hold, pull, catch, call, take等。
陕西近几年考查：
06 turn to/ turn on/ turn off/ turn over
07 find out /give out /hand out /work out
08 get off /get back /get in /get on
09 send up/ give up /set up /put up
10 agree with /agree to/ agree on /agree about
11 take in/ take off/ take on/ take out
短语复习要拓展，横纵结合
如复习take构成的短语
take in / take on / take off /take up…引导学生回忆短语的不同含义，并配以例句来掌握其用法，并发散复习
take
in
on
up
after
over
…
off
put
break
call
cut
get
give
…
7.动词的时态、语态
近年来多集中在一般现在时，现在进行时， 一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时等几种时态。
要注意：⑴ 一般现在时和现在完成时的区别
⑵ 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
⑶ 一般过去时和过去完成时的区别
⑷ 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
点拨：⑴在时间和条件状语从句中时态的应用；
⑵与时态有关的特殊句式,如：it is/ was the first time that…
no sooner … than… ;hardly …when…; By the time…
⑶判断动作何时间的关系
⑷重视标志性状语
⑸揣摩说话人所指的时间，不提倡死记硬背事态规则，要注意语言
环境，当然要注意一些典型特征。
语态： 动词被动语态的常考点
He is reported to have done sth.
8.非谓语动词
高中语法的重点和难点，也是每年高考的热点。考纲要求掌握非谓语动词的基本含义和用法，非谓语动词的时态及语态，非谓语动词在句中充当多种句子成分，非谓语动词在不同语境中的应用，以及with的复合结构。
点拨：1. 分清主动、被动关系，分清动作的先后关系是解题的关键；
2. 分清非谓语在句中所作成分；
3. 积累一些固定语法。
如：be seated, see sb seated , be located.
seating oneself, be dressed,
固定结构：to tell you the truth, judging from,
generally speaking
with复合结构
with+名/代+现在分词/过去分词/不定式
with sb./sth. doing sth
with sth. done
with sth to do
eg. With the machine running, they left the work place.
With much work to do, they are a little worried.
With all th work finished, they went home.
独立结构：
The cave ____ very dark, he lit some candles _____ light.
was; given B. was; to give
C. being; give D. being; to give
复习方案：
1.非谓语动词的系统性、综合性较强。要“提 纲式”总结其在句中的句法功能，比如：提到过去分词，必须能说出其所作成分:表、定、状、补。
2.对比做同一成分时，各非谓语动词间的区别，并伴以典型例句。
3.讲解时重在解题方法的指导：找相关非谓语动词的逻辑主语，并判断逻辑关系为主动还是被动。
9.情态动词/虚拟语气
近几年考查重点在于：
□情态动词表示推测和可能性及表示请求，允诺的用法。
□情态动词+have done的用法
□情态动词的基本用法
虚拟语气：
□与事实相反的三种情况
□含蓄条件句
□真实情况与虚拟语气的混合使用。
点拨：
□积累情态动词后的完成时的用法，熟练掌握。
□情态动词的推测性用法。
□基本用法及特殊用法：must, shall。
□熟记各种时间状语从句中虚拟语气的结构。
10.主谓一致：
热点有名词作主语的数的问题，分数/不定量词修饰的名词作主语的数的问题，由连接词链接多个名词作主语时谓语动词的形式等。
重点：
1.each, every, no, many a所修饰的作主语的名词即使有and 连接，谓语仍用单数形式。
2.主语后有as well as, rather than, like, but, except, together with, along with等连接的名词修饰时，谓语英语前面的名词来定。
注意：
1. 分数+of+名词结构作主语，根据名词的单复数决定；
2. a number of, many, a few, a little, much, a great deal
陕西：08. every boy and girl…
09. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughter,____ visit Beijing.
10. …many a house…
复习方案：
★在理解的基础上强记语法规则，必须全面、细致。
★研读高考原题，了解题目的立意方向和设问风格。
★解题时观察主语的特点，一一对应即可。
11.名词性从句/定语从句
确定从句的类型是关键，尤其注意that 在两类从句中的不同功能。
陕西 主从 宾从 表从 同位语 定从 状从
06 ⑻ from which ⑼结果
⒇让步
07 ⑻ ⒇ where
08 ⑻ ⒀of which
09 ⒄ ⑾介+which ⒀让步
⒇long before
while
10 ⒅ 定从whose
11 ⒂
12.特殊句式
强调，倒装，省略，替代，反义疑问句等
特别注意：强调，倒装，省略
强调句型的几种常考句式：
⑴ 陈述句式
⑵ 一般疑问句式
⑶ 特殊疑问句式
⑷ not until …that…
如有疑问，可先还原成陈述结构。
倒装：熟背概念，分清部分倒装和全部倒装。
陕西：
06.Only then …
07.So successful …
08.Not until …
09.Little …
10.There …
11.It …that…强调句型
12.特殊句式
包括强调，倒装，省略，替代，反义疑问句等。
13.情景交际
解题技巧：
1.主义中西方文化及思维的差异；
2.注意礼貌和合作优先原则；
3.利用有效的语境和言语含义；
4.防止中文思维，有一项按照中国人的习惯设置，干扰性强；
5.防止直接回绝，语文语法没错，但不符合英语国家交际习惯；
6.语言的衔接；
7.防止答非所问。
二、题型探究
语法类试题
习惯搭配
词汇辨析题
情景交际
逻辑推理题
一、语法类试题：
对语法概念的理解和运用的考查或对语法结构的考查。单一语法考查减少，结合语境的考题增多。
1.认真分析句子结构，熟悉语法规则；
2.注意题干的结构干扰；干扰不仅来源于选项，且可能来源于题干。命题人通过加长题干的方式，将陈述式改为疑问句或其他句型，使用插入语、倒装、省略等形式，使简单的句子复杂化，增加干扰因素。
如：You can imagine the difficulty we had ___ the problem.
A. to solve B. solved C. solve D. solving
3.知识的叠加；
（11.天津）I____ sooner but I didn’t know that they were
waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming
C. would come D. would have come
解析：要从“but I didn’t know that they were waiting
for me转化成“if I had known that they were
waiting for me”.
4.相似知识的干扰；
（11陕西）_____ all of them are strong candidates, only one
will be chosen for the past.
A. Since B. While C. If D. As
解析：as引导让步状语从句时需倒装，while=although
二、 习惯搭配
1.弄清习语或固定搭配的结构
（11. 浙江）One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away____ my daughter heard cries for help.
A. after B. while C. since D. When
2.把握习惯用语或搭配的准确含义
（09. 陕西）in honour of;
in memeory of;
in favour of;
in search of
三、词语辨析题
弄清词语的意义和用法
(11.全国II) 10. Mary, I _____ John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised
四、情景交际：
1.细读试题，弄清题干所设置的场合或情景
(11.安徽) — We got here Tuesday afternoon.
— _____ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A. Good luck! B. You did
C. It’s no surprise D. You are welcome.
考查省略和情景交际
2. 答案要符合英语国家的语言习惯，注意汉语和英语在风俗习惯和语言表达上的区别。学生易受中国风俗习惯的影响。高考很多试题就是针对中国学生经常出现的交际错误而设计的。
如： — I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t
pass this time.
— _____ ! I’m sure you’ll make it.
A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up
五、逻辑推理题
1.抓关键词，弄清语境，信息词很关键；
（11.安徽）—I didn’t ask for the name list. Why___ on my desk
—I put it there just now in case you needed it.
does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed
由语境得知：过去放的，现在还在桌子上。
2.分析上下文逻辑，合理推理；
（11.重庆）— Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night
—I want to, but my mum simply ____ not let me out so late at night.
A. could B. might C. would D. should
考查过去的意愿
三、解题指导
1. 研读题干，把握语境，抓住关键词，捕捉隐含信息， 题干中的关键信息抓住了，就抓住了选择的依据。每年的高考题在题干设计上都有创新，考生要有心理准备，遇到新颖的题干不慌，沉着应对。
（2011.山东）There is a ____ in our office that when it’s
somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship
2011全国II –Did you forget about my birthday
--___ I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening.
A. What ten B. I’m afraid so C. How could I D. For sure.
2. 不同试题采用不同方法
还原法：把倒装式，强调式， 或疑问式的题干变换
为陈述句。
归类法：根据题意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，做
题的效率和答案的准确性相应提高。
推理法：在四个选项语法都不错的情况下，认真阅
读全句，仔细体会语境，根据上下文进行判断。
排除法：对于难度较大的题，可以逐个尝试，选取最
佳的符合语境的答案。
6.考查内容愈来愈贴近生活，除了复习考纲所列的词汇和语法知识，还要归纳两种文化的差异，领悟语境。
（2011.全国）—Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.
—Well, you married one. ______ .
A. You name it B. I’ve got it
C. I can’t agree more D. You should know.
四、试卷讲评
讲评课不能就题讲题，而要讲思路、讲方法。
1、讲错题：教师要引导出错的学生说出出现错误时的心理，以暴露隐藏在
学生思维深处的错因，进行答卷失误分析，帮助学生提高应试
能力。
2、讲思路：讲试题题型的特点和解题的思路。要引导学生思考试题在考查
哪些知识点，这些知识点之间有什么联系，解题突破口在哪？
用什么方法解题最好。
3、讲方法：抓住典型题目，讲基本做题方法和技巧，引导学生突破已有思
维定势，敏锐抓住试题本质，排除干扰，得出结论，做题要既
注重结果，更注重过程。
4、讲规律：即归类讲解，对某一类题目的做题方法进行高度概括和总结，
总结出相对固定的规律，规范做题格式，真正使学生分析一道
题，明白一个道理；纠正一道错题，会做一类题。
5、讲变化：讲评中不能就题论题，要借题发挥，善于将原题进行变形，对
某知识点从多角度、多侧面、多层次和不同的起点进行提问。
如可以对试题的提问方式和题型进行改变；对习题所含的知识
内容扩大使用范围；从某一原题衍生出许多新题目。
26.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ___, of course, made all the others upset.
who B. which C. what D. that
解析：非限定性定语从句，空格指代前面整句话，
故 选B.
变形：⑴若what, 则：what made all the others upset
was that Mary was much kinder… (主语从句)
⑵若that, 则：That Mary was much
kinder…made all the others upset.(主语从句)
技巧：先去掉“of course”
（10年） 16. ________ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see
再如:
_____ from the top of the tower, we can find the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see
比较：
_____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see
_____ the view better, we climbed to the top of the mountain.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see
23.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most.
who B. which C. that D. what 【C】
引到强调句式
It is ___ midnight ____ back home after the experiment.
Not until; did he go B. until; that he didn’t go
C. Not until; that he went D. until; when he didn’t go
要求学生练习not…until 的三种常考句式。
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）
25.Some insects ________the colour of their
surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out
【C】
平时注意积累:
(06 ) 14. With no one to ________in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off C. turn over
(07) 11．We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn’t quite . A．find out B．give out C．hand out D．work out
(08) 20. It’s going to rain. Xiao feng, will you
please help me _______ the clothes on the line.
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on
(09) 15.A notice was _____ in order to remind
the students of the changed lecture time .
A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up
(10) 14. You look well. The air and the sea
foods in Sanya must ________ you, I suppose.
A. agree with B. agree to
C. agree on D. agree about
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）
1. ---Did a letter come for me
---Yes, ____ came for you.
A. that B. it C. one D. this
例1.
---I wonder if I can use your camera
--- I don’t have one . But my room-mate does.
He bought it last month.
例2.
---There is only one copy left in the library, would you like to borrow it
--- Thank you, I’ll buy one later in the bookshop.
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（例题）
2. What limited money the able housewife made full use of ___ such a big family.
A. to support B. support
C. supporting D. supported
方法： The able housewife made full use of the
limited money to support such a big family.
引导学生独立完成。
例：1. You can’t imagine the difficulty we had
doing the report. (write)
2. Who do you suggest (should) be sent to be trained
for the task (send)(共32张PPT)
英语命题的原则
□ 命题总体思想：稳中求新。
□ 符合新课改方向，强调文化内涵和情感、态度和价值观
□ 注重基础，突出语篇、强调应用
□ 难、中、易题的分布合理
总的原则
□ 3+2 原则
语音
三个单字母读音加两个字母组合读音
三个元音加两个辅音
2011年语音
□ 元音字母的读音
语音
关键是字母的分布
重读音节 vs 非重读音节
开音节 vs 闭音节
□ 元音字母的读音
语音
关键是字母的分布
重读音节 vs 非重读音节
开音节 vs 闭音节
□ 元音字母的读音
语音
英语发音的复杂性
3. twice
A. machine B. invite C. terrible D. bitter
5. forget B
A ordinary B major C world D report
□ 辅音字母的读音
语音
关键是分布
2. custom
A. measure B. upstairs C. respect D. sugar
5. north
A. thunder B. worthy C. neither D. clothes
□ 辅音字母的读音
语音
特殊情况
A. cheese B. character C. chef D. sandwich
□ 注意新增词汇
语音
5. north
A. thunder B. worthy C. neither D. clothes
□ 留意市面上模拟题
□ 送分题，关键是读懂对话
情景对话
Tom: Hi, Cathy. 6
Cathy: I have to finish my project on the history of
the Internet. What about you
Tom: 7 If it’s fine, we’ll go camping. Would
you like to join us
□ 送分题，关键是读懂对话
情景对话
Tom: Hi, Cathy. What are you up to this weekend
Cathy: I have to finish my project on the history of
the Internet. What about you
Tom: It depends on the weather. If it’s fine, we’ll
go camping. Would you like to join us
□ 考点基本固定
语法和词汇
（1）冠词；（2）代词；（3）情态动词；（4）非谓语动；（5）时态和语态；（6）形容词性从句；（7）名词性从句；（8）虚拟语气；（9）词义辨析2个；（10）交际用语2个；（11）特殊句型。
□ 类型基本不重复上一年
语法和词汇
（1）名词性从句；（2）虚拟语气；（3）词义辨析
□ 注重基本用法的考查
12. His first novel_______good reviews since it came
out last month.
A. receives B. is receiving
C. will receive D. has received
语法和词汇
□ 注重基本用法的考查
15. I’d like to start my own business –that’s ________
I’d do if I had the money.
A. why B. when
C. which D. what
22. I __________ through that bitter period without
your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
语法和词汇
□ 辨别小的陷阱
11. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend,
______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake
A. which B. where
C. who D. that
23. It is not how much we do but how much love we
put into what we do______benefits our work most.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
语法和词汇
□ 辨别小的陷阱
13. As is know to all, ______People’s Republic of
China is_____Biggest developing country in
the world.
A. the ; 不填 B. 不填；the
C. the ；the D. 不填；不填
语法和词汇
□ 情景
18. —Jack，you seem in high spirits.
—__________ We won the match 4-0.
A. Guess what B. So what
C. No wonder. D. No double
21. — We can give you a ride into town.
—_________Thank you.
A. Yes, why not B. Oh, it would be my pleasure.
C. Yes, please. D. Oh, that would be great.
完型
□ 完形和语法词汇：语境和搭配
In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty, and only the rich could manage without great _26_. Three of those rich men and their servants were_27_together on a road when they came to a very_28_village.
26. A. loss B. expectations C. success D. problems
27. A. standing B. travelling C. gathering D. running
28. A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient
阅读
□ 选材：体裁和题材的多样性
英文四大体裁：
exposition; argumentation; description; narration
题材多样：
科技；新闻；文化；历史；人物传记 …
表现形式：
报纸报道；广告；小标题；插图；对话 …
阅读
□ 选材：体裁和题材的多样性
A篇广告类: 歌剧院门票预订方式的广告
B篇人物传记类；居里夫人女儿
C篇故事类： 上大学
D篇科普类：转基因技术
2011
阅读
□ 题目设计
Main idea
What is the purpose of the text
What can we learn from the passage
What can we conclude from the passage
What can be inferred from the passage
Best title
The passage is mainly developed by
What does the underlined word mean
What is the passage mainly about
The text is most likely to be found in a book about …
What is the author’s attitude toward …
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
THREE-PART STRUCTURE
Tell them what you’re going to tell them.
Tell them.
Tell them what you have told them.
阅读
□ 六选一:关键词
One paragraph discusses one sub-topic.
And one sub-topic is discussed in one paragraph.
拼写
□ 最基本的常用词
□新增词
3、4个动词：词性变化.
3、4个名词：词性变化.
形容词和副词
改错
□ 考查点
（1）名词复数；（2）动词时态；（3）非谓语动词；（4）代词；（5）少词；（6）冠词；（7）形容词/副词
写作
□ 半开放式，贴近学生生活
I’m the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong
写作
□ 结构合理
□句子质量
□用词质量
Thank You!
