Unit
4Friends
forever
Developing
ideas?
Ⅰ.
必备单词:
根据提示填写单词
1.
the
missing
teenager
失踪的青少年
2.
his
passion
for
football
他对足球的激情
3.
in
quality
在质量上
4.
postpone
the
meeting
推迟会议
5.
the
everyday
life
of
ordinary
people
普通人的日常生活
6.
drag
Jimmy
out
of
New
York
把吉米从纽约拖走
7.
correspond
with
my
friend
与朋友通信
8.
plain
clothes
衣着朴素
9.
strike
a
match
划火柴
10.
a
hunting
scene
狩猎的场面
11.
have
a
lively
personality
有活泼的性格
12.
a
relaxing
atmosphere
轻松的氛围
13.
an
inspiring
idea
鼓舞人心的想法→inspire
(vt.
)
creativity激发创造力→be
extremely
inspired
(adj.
)极其受鼓舞
14.
be
of
little
comfort
没有多少安慰→
a
comfortable
(adj.
)
chair一把舒适的椅子
15.
require
patience
and
understanding
需要耐心和理解→a
patient(adj.
)
teacher一位耐心的老师
16.
repay
him
for
his
generosity回报他的慷慨→a
generous(adj.
)
donation
慷慨的捐赠
17.
a
sense
of
humour幽默感→his
humorous(adj.
)
remark
他幽默的话语
18.
seem
a
little
anxious似乎有点焦虑→cause
anxiety
(n.
)引起焦虑
19.
distance
yourself
from
the
dog远离那条狗→a
distant(adj.
)
relative远亲
20.
come
into
a
fortune继承一笔财产→feel
fortunate
(adj.
)感到幸运
21.
at
the
appointed
place在约定的地点→appoint
(v.
)
Tom
to
do
the
job委派汤姆做这项工作
22.
smile
bitterly痛苦地笑→a
bitter(adj.
)
experience痛苦的经历
23.
feel
ashamed感到不好意思→bring
shame
(n.
)on
the
family
name给家庭声誉带来耻辱
24.
unfold
the
note展开便笺→fold(v.
)
up
the
chair把椅子折起来
25.
the
exact
location确切的位置→locate(v.
)
survivors
of
the
earthquake确定地震中幸存者的位置
26.
adapt
to
the
new
surroundings适应新环境→surround
(vt.
)
the
city包围这座城市
Ⅱ.
必备短语:
英汉双译
1.
distance
oneself
from
使自己与……保持距离?
2.
make
one’s
fortune
发财?
3.
ought
to
应该;
应当?
4.
hear
from
收到……的来信?
5.
work
out
解决;
算出;
锻炼?
6.
be
worth
it
值得
7.
turn
up
(意外地或终于)出现;
调高
8.
be
ashamed
of
以……为耻
9.
long
for
渴望
10.
in
surprise
惊讶地
必备句式:
翻译课文原句,
并观察黑体部分
1.
The
next
morning
I
was
to
start
for
the
West
to
make
my
fortune.
译文:
第二天早晨我准备动身前往西部发财。
2.
You
couldn’t
have
dragged
Jimmy
out
of
New
York;
he
thought
it
was
the
only
place
on
earth.
译文:
你不可能把吉米从纽约拖走;
他认为纽约是地球上唯一的地方。
3.
But
I
know
Jimmy
will
meet
me
here
if
he’s
alive,
for
he
always
was
the
truest,
staunchest
old
chap
in
the
world.
译文:
不过我知道吉米如果还活着,
会来这里见我的,
因为他一直是世界上最忠实最可靠的老朋友。
框架宏观建构:
整体理解
文本微观剖析:
细节探究
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)What
was
the
policeman
doing
when
seeing
a
man?
A.
Searching
for
a
criminal.
B.
Going
on
a
patrol(巡逻).
C.
Dealing
with
an
urgent
thing.
D.
Helping
the
man
in
need.
(2)Why
did
the
man
go
to
the
west?
A.
To
travel
in
the
west.
B.
To
find
his
friend.
C.
To
let
Jimmy
leave
New
York.
D.
To
earn
a
lot
of
money.
(3)What
did
the
man
and
his
friend
agree
to
do?
A.
Make
a
fortune
together.
B.
Leave
New
York
together.
C.
Meet
again
twenty
years
later.
D.
Call
up
each
other.
(4)What
happened
after
one
or
two
years?
A.
They
still
corresponded
with
each
other.
B.
They
met
again
in
the
same
place.
C.
They
both
made
a
big
fortune.
D.
They
couldn’t
get
in
touch
with
each
other.
答案:
(1)～(4)BDCD
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
We
figured
that
in
twenty
years
each
of
us
ought
to
have
our
destiny
worked
out
and
our
fortunes
made,
whatever
they
were
going
to
be.
分析:
本句为复合句,
that
in
twenty
years
each
of
us
ought
to
have
our
destiny
worked
out
and
our
fortunes
made为that引导的宾语从句,
whatever
they
were
going
to
be为whatever引导的让步状语从句。
译文:
我们认为,
二十年后,
不论我们成为什么样的人,
我们每个人的命运应该定下来了,
我们的财富梦想也应该实现了。
阅读思维升华:
主题实践
1.
What
has
the
man
experienced
in
the
past
twenty
years?
(Logical
Thinking逻辑性思维)
He
kept
hustling
around
over
the
West
pretty
lively.
?
2.
Do
you
know
the
end
of
the
story?
(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
Yes.
The
policeman
was
Jimmy.
He
came
for
the
appointment,
but
arrested
his
friend
eventually.
?
语篇总结归纳:
主题深化
The
short
story
After
Twenty
Years
is
set
1.
in
New
York
on
a
cold,
dark
night.
A
policeman
who
2.
is
checking
(check)
the
area
sees
a
man
outside
a
shop.
He
goes
up
to
the
man
3.
and
chats
with
him.
4.
The
man
starts
to
tell
his
story.
Twenty
years
ago
tonight,
he
dined
here
at
“Big
Joe”
Brady’s
with
his
friend
Jimmy
Wells.
The
next
morning
he
was
5.
to
start
(start)
for
the
West
to
make
his
fortune.
But
Jimmy
wouldn’t
leave
New
York.
However,
they
agreed
that
night
that
they
would
meet
there
again
6.
exactly
(exact)
twenty
years
from
that
date
and
time,
no
matter
what
their
7.
conditions(condition)
might
be
or
from
what
8.
distance
(distant)
they
might
have
to
come.
9.
Although/Though
they
were
out
of
touch
with
each
other
for
a
long
time,
he
knew
Jimmy
would
meet
him
here
if
he
was
alive,
for
he
always
was
the
10.
truest
(true),
staunchest
old
chap
in
the
world.
?
1.
inspiring
adj.
鼓舞人心的;
启发灵感的
(教材原句)
Her
ideas
are
always
inspiring.
她的想法总是鼓舞人心。
【词块积累】
(1)inspire
vt.
鼓舞;
激励;
启示
inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
激励某人做某事
(2)inspired
adj.
深受鼓舞的
(3)inspiration
n.
灵感;
鼓舞
①His
dream
inspires
him
to
try
his
best
to
do
what
he
needs
to
do.
?
他的梦想激励着他尽力做他需要做的事情。
②Inspired
by
the
speech,
the
little
girl
made
up
her
mind
to
work
ever
harder.
?
受到演讲的鼓舞,
小女孩下定了决心更加努力地学习。
③The
little
problems
that
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.
我们在日常生活中遇到的小麻烦有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。?
明辨inspired与inspiring
inspired为过去分词,
具有形容词词性,
意为“受到鼓舞的”,
常用来修饰人;
inspiring为现在分词,
也具有形容词词性,
意为“令人鼓舞的,
鼓舞人心的”,
多用于修饰事物。
【知识延伸】表示感情的动词的现在分词与过去分词作形容词的区别:
①现在分词作形容词时通常表示主动关系,
多形容客观事物体现在外的性质,
其修饰对象往往是物,
有“令人……的”之意。例如:
The
news
is
exciting.
这个消息令人激动。
He
cried
at
the
exciting
news.
这个激动人心的消息使他哭了。
②过去分词作形容词时往往表示被动关系,
多形容人或生物的情绪或感受,
有“感到……”之意。例如:
He
felt
excited
at
the
news.
这个消息使他感到很激动。
The
film
star
waved
good-bye
to
the
excited
fans.
这位电影明星向激动的影迷挥手告别。
2.
patience
n.
耐心;
忍耐,
忍受
(教材原句).
.
.
one
glass
of
comfort,
two
drops
of
patience,
one
bag
of
passion.
.
.
……一杯安慰,
两滴耐心,
一袋激情……
【词块积累】
(1)have
patience
with 对……有耐心
lose
patience
with
对……失去耐心
with
patience=patiently
耐心地
(2)patient
adj.
耐心的;
能忍受的
n.
病人
be
patient
with
sb.
对某人有耐心
①He
gave
up
in
the
end
for
losing
patience
with
the
task.
?
最终他因为对这项任务失去耐心而放弃了。
②The
old
granny
talked
endlessly,
but
we
listened
to
her
with
patience/patiently.
?
老奶奶讲个不停,
但我们耐心地听她讲。
③He
is
just
a
small
child,
so
you
must
be
patient
with/have
patience
with
him.
?
他只不过是个小孩子,
所以你必须对他耐心点。
3.
anxious
adj.
焦虑的;
不安的
(经典例句)The
word
“patience”
refers
to
the
ability
to
wait
without
becoming
anxious
or
angry.
“耐心”这个词指的是等待但不会变得焦虑或气愤的能力。
【词块积累】
(1)be
anxious
about
sth.
/for
sb.
为某事/某人担心
be
anxious
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
(2)anxiety
n.
担心,
焦虑
with
anxiety
担心地
(3)anxiously
adv.
焦虑地,
不安地
①
She
is
anxious
to
go
to
college
now,
but
anxious
about
not
passing
the
College
Entrance
Examination.
?
她现在渴望上大学,
但又担心不能通过高考。
②I
aimed
to
ease
his
anxiety
and
negative
mood.
?
我的目的是减少他的焦虑和消极的情绪。
③She
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on
with
anxiety/anxiously,
only
to
find
it
didn’t
fit.
她把衣服从包装袋里拿出来,
焦急地试穿了一下,
却发现不合身。?
4.
distance
v.
使与……保持距离,
撇清和……的关系
(经典例句)The
organization
has
firmly
distanced
itself
from
the
anti-government
movement.
这个组织坚决撇清和这场反政府运动的关系。
【词块积累】
(1)distance
(oneself)
from
远离;
撇清;
疏远
(2)distance
n.
距离
in
the
distance
在远方
at
a
distance
of
以……的距离
keep
one’s
distance
from
与……保持距离
(3)distant
adj.
遥远的;
久远的
①The
tower
being
built
in
the
distance
will
be
completed
in
two
months.
?
远处正在建的塔两个月后完成。
②At
a
distance
of
six
miles
you
can’t
see
anything.
?
距离6英里你很难看清任何东西。
③You’d
better
keep
your
distance
from
the
dog.
?
你最好离那条狗远点。
【巧学助记】学会保持“distance”
5.
make
one’s
fortune
发财
(教材原句)The
next
morning
I
was
to
start
for
the
West
to
make
my
fortune.
第二天早晨,
我准备动身去西部发财。
【词块积累】
(1)fortune
n.
运气;
财富
seek
one’s
fortune
找出路;
碰运气
try
one’s
fortune
碰运气
(2)fortunate
adj.
幸运的
be
fortunate
in
doing
sth.
因做某事感到幸运
be
fortunate
to
do
sth.
有幸能做某事
(3)fortunately
adv.
幸运地
①Young
people
long
to
seek
their
fortune
in
the
world.
?
年轻人渴望寻求发财之道。
②Sometimes,
I
also
buy
some
lotteries
to
try
my
fortune,
yet
the
only
prize
I
have
got
from
it
is
a
pen.
?
有时候,
我也会买一些彩票试试运气,
但我得到的唯一奖品就是一支笔。
③I
was
fortunate
to
enjoy
such
attractive
scenery
in
your
hometown.
我很幸运能在你的家乡欣赏到如此迷人的风景。?
Every
day
has
its
ups
and
downs,
and
every
man
has
his
misfortunes
and
fortunes.
天有不测风云,
人有旦夕祸福。
fortune可数还是不可数?
fortune作“机会,
运气”讲时,
为不可数名词;
作“财产”讲时,
为可数名词。
6.
turn
up
(意外地或终于)出现,
露面;
(把音量等)调大
(教材原句) I
came
a
thousand
miles
to
stand
in
this
door
tonight,
and
it’s
worth
it
if
my
old
partner
turns
up.
我今晚从千里之外赶来站到这扇门里,
如果我的老伙伴出现就值了。
【词块积累】
①We
arranged
to
meet
at
the
cinema
at
7:
30,
but
he
failed
to
turn
up.
我们约定7点30分在电影院见面,
但他没来。?
②It
turned
out
far
better
than
I
had
expected.
?
结果比我预料的好得多。
③You
can
always
turn
to
him
for
help
if
you
meet
with
difficulty.
如果遇到困难,
你总是可以找他帮忙。?
④Tom
had
to
turn
down
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
?
汤姆上周末不得不拒绝聚会邀请,
因为他太忙了。
【要点拾遗】
1.
comfort
n.
安慰
;
令人感到安慰的人vt.
安慰;
宽慰
(经典例句)It
is
a
great
comfort
to
patients
to
be
close
to
their
beloved
ones.
对病人来说,
接近他们所爱的人是一种极大的安慰。
【词块积累】
comfortable
adj.
舒适的
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒适的
comfortably
adv.
舒适地,
舒服地
discomfort
n.
不舒服,
不安
①Whenever
she
was
upset,
she
would
turn
to
her
mother
for
comfort
and
advice.
?
每当她心烦意乱时,
就会去向她的妈妈寻求安慰和建议。
②I
couldn’t
sleep
because
the
bed
was
rather
uncomfortable.
?
这床太不舒服了,
我睡不着觉。
③Not
all
cultures
greet
each
other
in
the
same
way,
nor
are
they
comfortable
in
the
same
way
with
touching
or
distance
between
people.
各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同,
身体接触和相互间距离也不一样。
抽象名词具体化
a
comfort指“令人感到安慰的一个人或一件事”。类似的还有surprise,
failure,
success,
beauty,
danger等。
2.
passion
n.
强烈的情感;
激情
(2020·江苏高考)
Being
good
at
something
and
having
a
passion
for
it
are
not
enough.
擅长某件事并对它有激情是不够的。
【词块积累】
have
a
passion
for
热爱,
酷爱
with
passion
有激情地
fly
into
a
passion
勃然大怒
①We
are
asked
to
talk
about
the
topics
that
interest
us
with
passion.
?
我们被要求满怀激情地谈论使我们感兴趣的话题。
②She
flies
into
a
passion
if
anyone
even
mentions
his
name.
只要有人提到他的名字,
她就会勃然大怒。?
3.
generosity
n.
慷慨,
大方
(经典例句)I
shall
never
forget
the
generosity
shown
by
the
Chinese
people.
我永远不会忘记中国人民表现出来的慷慨。
【词块积累】
(1)generous
adj.
慷慨的
be
generous
to
sb.
对某人慷慨
be
generous
with
sth.
在某方面大方,
不吝啬某物
It’s
generous
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人做某事真是慷慨。
(2)generously
adv.
慷慨地,
大方地
①These
volunteers
are
very
generous
to
the
old
men.
?
这些志愿者们对老人们非常慷慨。
②The
graduate
is
very
generous
with
his
time
in
helping
others.
这个毕业生很慷慨地花时间帮助别人。?
③It
is
generous
of
you
to
lend
your
portable
computer
to
me.
你真慷慨,
把你的手提电脑借给我。?
4.
humour
n.
幽默感
(经典例句)The
host
showed
flashes
of
humour
that
made
the
audience
burst
into
laughter.
主持人的幽默使观众哄堂大笑。
【词块积累】
humorous
adj.
幽默的
humorously
adv.
幽默地
a
sense
of
humour
幽默感
①To
get
along
well
with
others,
you’d
better
have
a
sense
of
humour.
为了和他人相处得好,
你最好要有幽默感。?
②He
gave
a
humorous
account
of
their
trip
to
Spain.
?
他饶有风趣地讲述了他们的西班牙之行。
③He
said
humorously
that
he
looked
as
if
he
were
an
old
man.
他幽默地说他看起来好像一个老头。
5.
quality
n.
素质;
品德
(2020·江苏高考)For
in-person
humor,
quality
isn’t
as
important
as
you
might
think.
Your
attitude
and
effort
count
a
lot.
对于面对面的幽默,
质量并不像你想象得那么重要。你的态度和努力很重要。
【词块积累】
of
good/high
quality
质量好的
in
quality
在质量方面
①What
qualities
does
a
great
person
have?
一位伟人会有什么品质?
②The
printer
is
of
good
quality/good
in
quality.
If
it
should
break
down
within
the
first
year,
we
would
repair
it
at
our
expense.
?
这台打印机质量很好。如果第一年内发生故障,
我们会自费修理它。
(1)quality作“质量”讲时常用作不可数名词,
而作“品质”时多用作可数名词。
(2)quantity与quality形近意异,
意思为“数量”。
6.
correspond
v.
通信
(教材原句)
“Well,
yes,
for
a
time
we
corresponded,
”
said
the
other.
“哦,
是的,
我们有一段时间通信,
”另一个人说。
【词块积累】
(1)correspond
with
sb.
与……通信
correspond
with/to
sth.
与……相一致;
符合
correspond
to
类似于,
相当于
(2)corresponding
adj.
相当的,
相应的;
一致的
(3)correspondence
n.
通信;
相当
①We
have
corresponded
with
each
other
since
we
graduated
from
college.
?
自从我们大学毕业以来,
我们一直保持通信联系。
②The
written
record
of
the
conversation
doesn’t
correspond
to/with
what
was
actually
said.
?
谈话的文字记录与实际所说的不相符。
③The
British
job
of
lecturer
corresponds
roughly
to
the
US
Associate
Professor.
英国的讲师职位大致相当于美国的副教授。
④There
is
an
increase
in
production
of
20%
above
that
of
the
corresponding
period
of
last
year.
?
产量比去年同期增加了20%。
7.
appointed
adj.
约定的,
指定的
(教材原句)I
was
at
the
appointed
place
on
time.
我按时到了指定地点。
【词块积累】
(1)
appoint
vt.
任命;
委派
(2)appointment
n.
约定,
约会;
任命,
委任
have/make
an
appointment
with
与……约会
make
an
appointment
预约
①They
ignore
the
appointed
time
and
leave
their
homes
only
after
the
fixed
time.
?
他们无视约定的时间,
只在固定的时间后才离开家。
②She
was
appointed
as/to
be
monitor
at
the
class
meeting.
在班会上她被任命为班长。?
③They
appointed
her
to
take
care
of
that
old
man.
?
他们委派她照顾那位老人。
④I
have/make
an
appointment
with
Dr
Smith,
but
I
need
to
change
it.
?
我和史密斯博士有个约会,
但我需要更改一下。
8.
ashamed
adj.
羞愧的,
难为情的
(教材原句)
Was
he
ashamed
of
having
a
friend
like
me?
他因拥有我这样的朋友而感到不好意思吗?
【词块积累】
(1)
be
ashamed
of
对……感到羞愧或难为情
be
ashamed
that.
.
.
对……感到惭愧
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
因做某事而感到惭愧
(2)shame
n.
羞耻,
羞愧
v.
使丢脸,
使羞愧
It
is
a
shame
that.
.
.
真遗憾……
to
one’s
shame
令某人感到羞耻的是
①He
was
ashamed
of
having
asked
such
a
silly
question.
?
他为问了这样一个愚蠢的问题而感到羞愧。
②I
cried
in
the
end
and
I
was
not
ashamed
to
admit
it.
?
最后我哭了,
我并不耻于承认哭过。
③To
her
shame,
she
gained
back
all
the
weight
she
had
lost.
令她羞愧的是,
她减掉的体重又长回来了。?
9.
strike
v.
(struck,
struck)划(火柴);
(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击;
打,
击中;
想起;
(时钟)敲;
鸣n.
&vi.
罢工
(教材原句)
When
you
struck
the
match
to
light
your
cigar
I
saw
it
was
the
face
of
the
man
wanted
in
Chicago.
当你划火柴点燃雪茄时,
我看到那是芝加哥通缉的人的脸。
【词块积累】
be
struck
by
被……打动
sth.
strikes
sb.
某人突然想到……
It
strikes
sb.
that.
.
.
某人突然想到……
be
on
strike
在罢工
go
on
strike
举行罢工
①A
snowball
struck
him
on
the
back
of
his
head.
一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。
②It
struck
me
that
there
was
no
one
at
home.
?
我突然想起家里没人。
③Workers
of
the
coalmine
decided
to
go
on
strike
for
better
working
conditions.
?
煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。
【易混辨析】
strike
指用力“击打”,
强调一次性的“打击、敲击”等,
可与hit通用;
也可用作比喻意义
hit
侧重“击中”;
用作名词时,
还可表示“成功而轰动一时的事物或人物”
beat
常指连续用力击打,
可用于在游戏、比赛中击败对方,
还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动
10.
scene
n.
场景;
现场;
景色
(教材原句)Think
about
what
happened
in
each
of
the
three
scenes,
using
the
information
you
have
already
read
in
the
story.
利用你在故事中已经读到的信息,
想想这三个场景中的每一个场景发生了什么。
【词块积累】
on
the
scene
在场,
出现,
到场,
当场
behind
the
scenes
在幕后,
暗中
①He
is
good
at
drawing
a
peaceful
country
scene.
?
他擅长画宁静的乡村景色。
②The
scene
where
she
meets
Joe’s
girlfriend
might
be
the
funniest
thing
you
see.
她遇到乔的女朋友的那一幕可能是你看到的最有趣的事情。
③He
was
on
the
scene
when
the
accident
happened.
?
事故发生时,
他在现场。
④Though
he
is
an
ordinary
man
working
behind
the
scenes,
he
does
many
extraordinary
things.
虽然他是一个在幕后工作的普通人,
但他却做了很多不平凡的事情。?
【易混辨析】
scene
指展现在眼前的情景,
也可以指scenery的一部分,
大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery
指某地的自然风景或景色,
尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight
既指场景、眼前看到的景观,
又指名胜、风景,
表示后者的含义时,
必须要用复数
view
常指从远处或高处或某一特定的地点看到的景色
11.
be
set
in
以……为背景
(教材原句)
The
short
story
After
Twenty
Years
is
set
in
New
York
on
a
cold,
dark
night.
这则短篇小说《二十年后》以纽约为背景,
发生在一个寒冷漆黑的夜晚。
【词块积累】
set
down
放下,
记下
set
off
出发,
动身(与for
连用);
使爆炸;
引发
set
out
(to
do
sth.
)
出发;
开始(做某事)
set
about
(doing
sth.
)
着手(做某事)
set
up
建立,
树立,
搭起
set
aside
留出(钱或时间);
把……放到一旁
①The
film,
which
is
set
in
France,
is
popular
with
the
young
people.
这部电影以法国为背景,
很受年轻人的欢迎。?
②He
set
up
a
non-profit
organization
10
years
ago
when
he
just
graduated
from
college.
?
十年前他刚大学毕业时,
就建立了一个非营利组织。
③You
had
better
set
aside
some
time
every
day
for
sports
so
that
you
can
keep
yourself
energetic.
你最好每天留出一些时间做运动,
这样你才能保持精力充沛。?
④The
moment
he
arrived
home,
he
set
out
to
clean/set
about
cleaning
the
house.
?
他一到家就开始打扫房间。
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
Honesty
is
a
good
quality
(品质)
which
the
Chinese
honour
and
admire.
2.
I
have
a
great
sense
of
humour
(幽默)
and
people
say
I
have
a
wonderful
personality.
3.
A
dust
particle
weighs
only
a
thousandth
of
a
gram(克).
4.
Pour
(倒)the
oil
into
a
frying
pan
and
heat.
5.
He
spoke
with
passion
(激情)about
the
social
situation
in
his
country.
6.
I
differed
with
my
partner
(伙伴)sometimes
but
we
usually
reach
an
agreement.
7.
No
matter
how
ordinary
(普通的)a
job
is,
it
plays
a
part
in
society.
8.
The
earth
is
surrounded
by
a
layer
of
air
called
the
atmosphere(大气).
9.
We
all
stood
at
the
far
end
of
the
studio
as
workmen
prepared
the
scene(场景).
10.
Li
Hua,
my
deskmate,
is
wearing
a
plain
(朴素的)white
blouse.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
turn
around,
in
my
opinion,
on
earth,
make
one’s
fortune,
be
ashamed
of,
focus
on,
work
out,
team
up
with,
turn
up,
be
set
in
1.
You
ought
to
be
ashamed
of
yourselves
because
you’ve
caused
this
problem.
?
2.
The
teacher
turned
around
and
wrote
the
title
on
the
blackboard.
?
3.
They
teamed
up
with
another
family
to
rent
a
house
for
the
summer
last
year.
?
4.
He
advised
me
to
work
out
regularly
to
keep
fit.
?
5.
He
turned
up
at
a
fancy-dress
dance
in
the
guise
of
a
white
rabbit.
?
6.
The
film
was
set
in
the
Qing
Dynasty.
?
7.
In
my
opinion,
she
dealt
with
the
matter
fairly
and
reasonably.
?
8.
He
was
wandering
around
the
pyramid,
wondering
how
on
earth
this
wonder
was
built.
?
9.
These
two
brothers
decided
to
go
to
big
cities
to
make
their
fortune.
?
10.
It
is
necessary
that
we
should
focus
on
developing
the
children’s
creative
ability.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
You
need
to
go
to
the
customer
service
center
and
have
your
computer
repaired.
?
你需要去客户服务中心修你的电脑。
2.
But
for
the
encouraging
cheers
from
the
audience,
our
team
couldn’t
have
won
such
an
important
match.
要不是观众们鼓励性的欢呼,
我们队不可能赢得这么重要的比赛。?
3.
She
is
to
get
married
next
month
in
the
local
church.
?
她将于下个月在当地教堂结婚。
4.
Whatever/No
matter
what
happens,
I
will
always
carry
this
joy
with
me.
?
不管发生什么,
我会让这份快乐一直伴随着自己。
5.
To
get
more
information,
you
can
visit
our
website.
?
想获取更多信息,
你可以访问我们的网站。
如何写故事结尾
框架宏观建构:
整体理解
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
1.
Look
through
the
article
and
you’ll
find
that
the
article
tells
us
something
about
friendship
and
love.
?
2.
The
story
started
with
the
meeting
between
a
man
called
Bob,
who
just
was
released
from
jail,
and
his
friend’s
son,
Bob.
?
文本微观剖析:
细节探究
The
given
story
The
ending
to
the
story
Character
Who
Bob;
a
policeman
Bob;
Jimmy’s
son
Setting
What
1.
Bob
and
Jimmy(the
best,
finest,
truest,
staunchest
old
chap)
agreed
to
meet
twenty
years
later.
2.
They
had
lost
track
of
each
other
for
many
years.
3.
Bob
appeared
at
the
appointed
place,
but
Jimmy
didn’t
appear.
Bob
came
from
a
thousand
miles
away
(but
Jimmy
didn’t
appear).
“Twenty
years
is
a
long
time(语言描写),
”
Bob
smiled
bitterly(高级词汇).
“Was
he
ashamed
of
having
a
friend
like
me(语言描写)?
”
Bob
longed
for
an
answer.
When
A
cold,
dark
night
In
the
cold
wind,
Bob
felt
lost
and
helpless(心理状态).
Where
outside
a
shop
Out
of
jail
Plot
whether
his
friend
would
come
Jimmy’s
son
appeared
and
gave
Bob
a
note
(Jimmy
was
seriously
ill.
)
theme
4.
Friendship
“Yes,
sir,
”
the
young
man
smiled.
And
my
name
is
Bob.
(Jimmy
named
his
son
after
Bob-a
surprising
ending.
)
1.
话题词汇
(1)心理活动
①dance/jump
for
joy高兴地跳起来
②in
cheerful
spirits心情愉快
③be
delighted
at对……很高兴
④brighten
sb.
’s
heart使某人心情愉快
⑤a
strong
sense
of
loss强烈的失落感
⑥with
a
heavy
heart怀着沉重的心情
⑦make
one’s
heart
bleed使某人悲痛
⑧cry
one’s
heart
out悲痛欲绝
(2)对话描写
①say.
.
.
loudly/proudly/gently/softly/abruptly/unexpectedly/
angrily/bitterly/seriously/firmly/cheerfully大声地/自豪地/温柔地/柔和地/突然地/意想不到地/生气地/悲痛地/严肃地/坚定地/高兴地说……
②explain
sth.
properly适当解释某事
③talk
about谈论
④mention
sth.
to
sb.
向某人提及某事
⑤announce
that宣布……
(3)外貌描写
①with
a
pair
of
blue
eyes
on
her
round
face
她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛
②be
of
medium
size/build 中等身材
③have
her
hair
tied
in
a
ponytail
她梳着马尾辫
④in
rags
衣衫褴褛
⑤a
person
of+名词
……样的人
(4)性格描写
①an
easy-going
and
warm-hearted/straightforward/humorous/sensitive/active/gentle/shy/stubborn
girl
一个随和又热心肠的/坦率的/幽默的/敏感的/活跃的/文雅的/害羞的/顽固的女孩
②a
person
of
great
determination/will
一个拥有坚强意志的人
③be
strict/patient
with
对……要求严格/有耐心
④be
responsible
for
对……负责
(5)环境描写
①a
rainy
season
多雨的季节
②a
stormy
night
暴风雨之夜
③be
exposed
to
the
four
winds
of
heaven
四面受风
④continuous/constant
rain
连绵不断的雨
⑤in
the
blinding
rain
在茫茫大雨中
⑥be
buried
in
snow
埋在雪中
⑦unbearable
hot
难以忍受的热
⑧in
the
warm
spring
sunshine
在春天温暖的阳光里
2.
读后续写注意事项
(1)注意与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度。
(2)情节设计要有合理性,
续写的部分应该是故事的高潮和结尾部分,
所以不能有太多的旁枝。
(3)不能随意添加故事的人物。
(4)在读后续写中不宜过度追求标新立异。
1.
题型特点
高考的读后续写试题提供一段350词以内的语言材料,
要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语进行续写(150词左右),
将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。
读后续写除了要求学生掌握丰富的词汇和句式外,
还注重学生的内容构思和情节衔接的能力。主要聚焦在以下四个方面:
一是把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。学生需要了解给定短文的主要内容,
清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况,
并通过续写短文表现出来。
二是语言运用的准确性和丰富性。在词汇和语言结构的使用方面准确、恰当,
能够根据内容需要使用较为高级的词汇和语言结构。
三是对语篇结构的把控能力。考查对上下文逻辑关系的掌握情况,
续写的短文应语句连贯、有序。
四是创造性思维能力。续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容。
2.
话题句式
(1)情感心理描写
①Seeing
their
task
finished
gives
them
a
sense
of
satisfaction.
看到任务完成了,
他们感到很满意。
②The
news
depresses
her.
这个消息使她沮丧。
③Tears
filling
her
eyes,
she
offered
her
heartfelt
gratitude.
她热泪盈眶,
表示衷心的感谢。
(2)动作描写
①He
beamed
on
his
visitors.
他对着客人们微笑。
②She
wept
over
the
death
of
the
child.
她为孩子的死亡而哭泣。
③I
still
remember
that
the
shock
rooted
me
flat
against
the
wall.
我仍然记得当时惊呆了,
靠在墙上,
一动不动。
④The
next
day,
it
was
a
very
sad
and
withdrawn
girl
who
dragged
herself
into
the
principal’s
office.
第二天,
一个忧郁孤僻的小女孩,
拖着脚步走进校长办公室。
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ella
had
two
exams
that
day—physics
and
history.
She
really
hated
physics.
It
was
her
worst
subject.
Terry
looked
at
her,
and
then
looked
away
quickly.
Ella
thought
Terry
looked
pleased,
because
she
didn’t
have
a
problem
with
physics,
she
didn’t
have
a
problem
with
anything.
.
.
Miss
Perfect(完美)!
“I
thought
we
were
friends,
but
she
hasn’t
spoken
to
me
for
two
weeks
now.
She
promised
to
help
me
go
over
for
the
physics
exam
too,
but
then
she’s
forgotten
all
my
calls
and
texts.
And
when
I
rang
her
house,
her
mum
just
told
me
she
was
busy.
”Ella
thought
angrily.
At
that
moment,
Mr
Reed
asked
all
the
students
into
the
exam
room.
Ella
couldn’t
answer
some
physics
questions.
Suddenly
she
saw
Terry
sitting
two
rows
in
front
of
her.
Ella
couldn’t
believe
it!
Terry
was
holding
her
phone
on
her
knee
under
the
table
and
reading
from
it.
Is
that
how
Terry
always
got
such
good
grades?
She
felt
really
angry
at
Terry,
and
thought
about
telling
the
teacher,
but.
.
.
“Stop
writing,
”said
Mr
Reed
and
started
to
collect
the
exam
papers.
Oh
no,
Ella
hadn’t
answered
two
of
the
questions.
She
was
going
to
fail
again!
Ella
wanted
to
talk
to
Terry
at
lunchtime,
but
she
couldn’t
find
her
anywhere.
Ella
went
to
the
library
to
prepare
for
the
history
exam,
which
was
her
favorite.
But
she
couldn’t
concentrate.
“Unfair!
Terry
was
getting
good
grades
by
cheating
all
that
time.
”She
thought
about
telling
a
teacher,
but
everyone
would
hate
her
if
she
did
that.
Just
then,
Mr
Reed
walked
past
her
table.
“Mr
Reed.
.
.
”
Ella
was
sitting
behind
Terry
again
in
the
history
exam
that
afternoon.
Mr
Reed
wanted
her
to
look
at
Terry
and
agreed
if
she
saw
that
Terry
was
cheating
in
the
exam.
注意:
续写词数应为150个左右。
She
was
working
on
the
last
question
when
she
saw
that
Terry
had
her
phone
under
the
table.
______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Ella
was
walking
towards
the
school
gate
when
she
saw
Terry
waiting
for
her
there.
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
·完成句子
1.
里德先生悄悄地走到特里身边,
拿起了特里的电话。(pick
up)
Mr
Reed
went
to
Terry
quietly
and
picked
up
Terry’s
phone.
?
2.
一切都很清楚。(clear)
All
was
clear.
?
3.
里德先生让她离开教室。(ask)
Mr
Reed
asked
her
to
leave
the
classroom.
?
4.
考试的时候,
我读了妈妈发来的短信,
想看看进展如何。(go)
During
exams
I
was
reading
texts
from
my
mum
to
see
how
it
was
going.
?
5.
我向里德先生解释过了。(explain)
I
have
explained
to
Mr
Reed.
?
6.
他让我重新参加考试。(take)
He
asked
me
to
take
the
exam
again.
?
7.
很抱歉我没有告诉你所发生的事。(happen)
I’m
sorry
I
didn’t
tell
you
what
was
happening.
?
8.
艾拉也忍不住哭了起来。(help)
Ella
couldn’t
help
crying,
either.
?
9.
你本应该早点告诉我这件事。(should)
You
should
have
told
me
this
earlier.
?
10.
让我知道你是否有困难。(difficulty)
Let
me
know
if
you
have
difficulties.
?
·句式升级
11.
用with复合结构连接句2和句3。
With
all
clear,
Mr
Reed
asked
her
to
leave
the
classroom.
?
12.
用and连接句5和句6。
I
have
explained
to
Mr
Reed
and
he
asked
me
to
take
the
exam
again.
?
She
was
working
on
the
last
question
when
she
saw
that
Terry
had
her
phone
under
the
table.
Ella
nodded
to
Mr
Reed.
Mr
Reed
went
to
Terry
quietly
and
picked
up
Terry’s
phone.
With
all
clear,
Mr
Reed
asked
her
to
leave
the
classroom.
Terry
walked
out
crying.
Everyone
was
staring
at
her
and
Ella
felt
really
relaxed.
Ella
was
walking
towards
the
school
gate
when
she
saw
Terry
waiting
for
her
there.
“Ella,
please
wait.
”
Terry
said,
“I’m
sorry
I
haven’t
answered
any
of
your
calls,
but
my
dad’s
been
ill
for
two
weeks
and
had
a
heart
operation
today.
During
exams
I
was
reading
texts
from
my
mum
to
see
how
it
was
going.
I
have
explained
to
Mr
Reed
and
he
asked
me
to
take
the
exam
again.
I’m
sorry
I
didn’t
tell
you
what
was
happening.
”
Ella
couldn’t
help
crying,
either.
“You
should
have
told
me
this
earlier.
Let
me
know
if
you
have
difficulties.
We
are
true
friends.
”
单词
1.
forever
adv.
永远2.
maintain
v.
保持,
维持3.
update
n.
最新消息4.
acquire
v.
获得,
得到5.
quality
n.
素质,
品德6.
teenager
n.
青少年,
十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子)7.
passion
n.
强烈的情感,
激情8.
postpone
v.
使(事件、行动等)延期,
推迟9.
ordinary
adj.
普通的,
平常的10.
drag
v.
拖,
拉11.
scene
n.
场景12.
atmosphere
n.
气氛,
氛围,
环境13.
familiar
adj.
熟悉的→unfamiliar
adj.
不熟悉的14.
adventure
n.
历险(经历),
奇遇→adventurous
adj.
爱冒险的15.
prefer
v.
更喜欢→preference
n.
偏爱,
优先权16.
deliver
v.
递送,
传送→delivery
n.
交付,
递送17.
advance
n.
进步,
进展vt.
&
vi.
前进;
促进;
提前→advanced
adj.
高级的;
先进的18.
significantly
adv.
重大地,
显著地→significant
adj.
重要的→significance
n.
意思;
重要性;
重要意义19.
enable
v.
使可能,
使发生→able
adj.
有能力的20.
unusual
adj.
异常的,
不平常的→usual
adj.
通常的,
惯例的,
平常的21.
tend
v.
易于做某事,
往往会发生某事→tendency
n.
倾向;
趋势22.
prove
v.
证明,
证实→proof
n.
证明,
证据
23.
illustrate
v.
(举例)说明,
阐明→illustration
n.
说明,
插图24.
inspiring
adj.
鼓舞人心的,
启发灵感的→inspire
vt.
启迪,
赋予灵感;
激励,
鼓舞→inspired
adj.
受到启发的→inspiration
n.
灵感;
激励25.
comfort
n.
安慰,
慰藉→comfortable
adj.
舒适的,
舒服的26.
patience
n.
耐心→patient
adj.
耐心的n.
病人→patiently
adv.
耐心地27.
generosity
n.
慷慨,
大方→generous
adj.
慷慨的,
大方的→generously
adv.
慷慨地;
大方地28.
humour
n.
幽默感→
humorous
adj.
幽默的29.
anxious
adj.
焦虑的,
不安的→
anxiously
adv.
焦虑地,
不安地→anxiety
n.
焦虑,
渴望30.
distance
v.
使与……保持距离,
撇清和……的关系
→distant
adj.
遥远的,
冷漠的31.
fortune
n.
大笔的钱,
巨款;
机会;
运气→fortunate
adj.
幸运的→fortunately
adv.
幸运地32.
appointed
adj.
约定的,
指定的→appoint
v.
任命,
指定→appointment
n.
任命,
约定33.
bitterly
adv.
痛苦地,
愤恨地→bitter
adj.
痛苦的,
充满仇恨的34.
ashamed
adj.
感到不好意思的,
难为情的→shame
n.
羞耻,
羞愧,
憾事→shameful
adj.
不体面的→shameless
adj.
不知羞耻的35.
unfold
v.
(卷着的东西)展开,
打开→fold
v.
折叠,
合拢36.
location
n.
地点,
位置→locate
vt.
查找……的地点→located
adj.
位于37.
surroundings
n.
周围的事物,
环境→surround
vt.
围绕,
包围38.
personality
n.
个性,
性格→personal
adj.
个人的,
身体的→personally
adv.
就个人而言;
亲自
短语
1.
lose
track
of
不了解……的情况,
不了解……的动态2.
communicate
with
和……交流3.
stay
in
touch
with
和……保持联系4.
keep
in
mind
牢记……5.
thanks
to
归功于……,
多亏……
6.
connect.
.
.
with 把……与……连接起来7.
come
up
with
提出,
想出8.
make
one’s
fortune
发财9.
ought
to
应该,
应当10.
turn
up
(意外地或终于)出现
句式结构
1.
What
if
.
.
.
?
如果……将会怎么样?
What
if
the
only
way
of
getting
news
from
faraway
friends
was
writing
letters
that
took
ages
to
be
delivered?
倘若从远方朋友那里得到消息的唯一途径是写信,
而这些信需要很长时间才会送达,
将会怎么样?
2.
whatever引导让步状语从句Whatever
our
hobbies,
the
Internet
can
connect
us
with
others
who
also
enjoy
doing
them,
even
if
they
live
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
不管我们的爱好是什么,
互联网都能把我们和其他同样喜欢做这些事情的人联系起来,
尽管他们生活在世界的另一端。
3.
“make
it+adj.
+that从句”结构This
makes
it
clear
to
the
other
person
that
you
are
giving
them
a
choice.
这让另一个人明白你给了他/她一个选择。4.
have
sth.
doneWe
figured
that
in
twenty
years
each
of
us
ought
to
have
our
destiny
worked
out
and
our
fortunes
made,
whatever
they
were
going
to
be.
我们认为二十年后我们每一个人都应该掌握了自己的命运,
创造了自己的财富,
无论它们是什么。
Peter
Pan(excerpt)
All
children,
except
one,
grow
up.
They
soon
know
that
they
will
grow
up,
and
the
way
Wendy
knew
was
this.
One
day
when
she
was
two
years
old
she
was
playing
in
a
garden,
and
she
plucked
another
flower
and
ran
with
it
to
her
mother.
I
suppose
she
must
have
looked
rather
delightful,
for
Mrs
Darling
put
her
hand
to
her
heart
and
cried,
“Oh,
why
can’t
you
remain
like
this
for
ever!
”
This
was
all
that
passed
between
them
on
the
subject,
but
henceforth
Wendy
knew
that
she
must
grow
up.
You
always
know
after
you
are
two.
Two
is
the
beginning
of
the
end.
Of
course
they
lived
at
14
(their
house
number
on
their
street),
and
until
Wendy
came
her
mother
was
the
chief
one.
She
was
a
lovely
lady,
with
a
romantic
mind
and
such
a
sweet
mocking
mouth.
Her
romantic
mind
was
like
the
tiny
boxes,
one
within
the
other,
that
come
from
the
puzzling
East,
however
many
you
discover
there
is
always
one
more;
and
her
sweet
mocking
mouth
had
one
kiss
on
it
that
Wendy
could
never
get,
though
there
it
was,
perfectly
conspicuous
in
the
right-hand
corner.
?
The
way
Mr
Darling
won
her
was
this:
the
many
gentlemen
who
had
been
boys
when
she
was
a
girl
discovered
simultaneously
that
they
loved
her,
and
they
all
ran
to
her
house
to
propose
to
her
except
Mr
Darling,
who
took
a
cab(马车)
and
nipped(急忙赶往)
in
first,
and
so
he
got
her.
He
got
all
of
her,
except
the
innermost
box
and
the
kiss.
He
never
knew
about
the
box,
and
in
time
he
gave
up
trying
for
the
kiss.
Wendy
thought
Napoleon
could
have
got
it,
but
I
can
picture
him
trying,
and
then
going
off
in
a
passion,
slamming
the
door.
Mr
Darling
used
to
boast
to
Wendy
that
her
mother
not
only
loved
him
but
respected
him.
He
was
one
of
those
deep
ones
who
know
about
stocks
and
shares.
Of
course
no
one
really
knows,
but
he
quite
seemed
to
know,
and
he
often
said
stocks
were
up
and
shares
were
down
in
a
way
that
would
have
made
any
woman
respect
him.
导语:
《彼得·潘》是苏格兰小说家及剧作家詹姆斯·马修·巴利创作的长篇小说,
小说讲述了一个会飞的淘气小男孩彼得·潘和他在永无岛的冒险故事。
1.
pluck
vt.
摘下
2.
delightful
adj.
使人快乐的
3.
chief
adj.
主要的
4.
mocking
adj.
嘲弄的
5.
conspicuous
adj.
引人注目的
6.
simultaneously
adv.
同时
7.
passion
n.
激情
续写中的人物描写
文中描写人物的语句很出彩。常用来描写人物的形容词有:
lovely可爱的;
romantic空想的;
sweet甜甜的;
mocking嘲弄的;
graceful优美的;
slim苗条的;
wrinkled布满皱纹的;
sunburned晒黑的;
thick浓密的;
straight笔直的;
charming迷人的;
deep-set深陷的;
even整齐的;
round圆的;
square方的;
well-dressed衣着华丽的
【情境应用】
1.
His
eyes
are
deep-set
because
he
has
worked
till
midnight
for
a
long
time.
?
他的眼睛深陷是因为他很长一段时间工作到深夜。
2.
When
he
laughs,
we
see
his
even
teeth.
?
他笑的时候,
我们看见他有一口整齐的牙齿。
3.
She
eats
too
much
these
days,
so
her
face
is
getting
round.
?
她最近吃得太多,
所以她的脸变圆了。
名著译文:
《彼得·潘》(节选)
所有的孩子都要长大的,
只有一个例外。他们很快就知道他们将要长大。温迪是这样知道的:
她两岁的时候,
有一天在花园里玩,
她又摘了一朵花,
朝妈妈跑去。我琢磨,
她那个小样儿一定是怪讨人喜欢的,
因为,
达林太太用手按着胸口,
大声说:
“要是你老是这么大该多好啊!
”事情的经过就是这样。可是,
打那以后,
温迪就明白了,
她终归是要长大的。人一过两岁就总会知道这一点的。两岁,
是个结束,
也是个起点。
当然,
他们是住在门牌十四号的那所宅子里,
在温迪来到世上以前,
妈妈是家中主要人物。她是个招人喜欢的女士,
满脑子的幻想;
还有一张甜甜的、喜欢逗弄人的嘴。她那爱幻想的脑子,
就像从神奇的东方来的那些小盒子,
一个套一个,
不管你打开了多少,
里面总还藏着一个。她那张甜甜的、逗弄人的嘴,
老是挂着一个温迪得不到的吻,
可那吻明明就在那儿,
就在右边的嘴角上挂着。
达林先生是这样赢得他太太的:
她还是个女孩的时候,
周围有好些男孩,
他们同时发现他们爱上了她,
于是他们都跑向她家向她求婚;
只有达林先生的做法不同,
他驾了一辆马车,
抢在他们前面来到她家里,
于是就赢得了她。达林先生得到了她的一切,
只是没有得到她那些小盒子最里面的一个和那个吻。那个小盒子他从来也不知道,
那个吻他渐渐地也不再想去求得了。温迪心想,
兴许拿破仑能得到那个吻,
不过据我想象,
拿破仑必定曾试图求吻,
可是过后却怒气冲冲地甩门而去。
达林先生时常向温迪夸口,
她妈妈不仅爱他,
而且敬重他。他是一个学问高深的人,
懂得股票和红利什么的。当然,
这些事谁也搞不清,
可达林先生像是挺懂行的,
他总是说,
股票上涨了,
红利下跌了。他说得那么头头是道,
随便哪个女人都得佩服他。
PAGEUnit
4Friends
forever
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
It
is
totally
normal
that
every
once
in
a
while
you
come
into
a
conflict
with
one
of
your
friends.
Actually,
it
can
be
easily
fixed
with
some
simple
conflict
management
tools!
Whether
it
is
a
little
fight
or
an
issue
that
can
result
in
life-changing
results,
read
these
tips
to
better
get
along
with
your
friends!
What
do
you
do
when
you
feel
tired
of
putting
all
the
effort
into
your
friendship?
This
is
a
common
problem
among
friends,
and
can
easily
result
in
the
break-up
of
your
friendship.
But
how
can
you
fix
the
friendship
when
you
have
problems
with
your
friends?
The
secret
here
is
communication.
By
expressing
your
feelings
to
your
friends,
they
may
either
realise
their
bad
behaviour
or
make
an
attempt
to
fix
the
problem.
When
you
approach
this
situation
it
is
important
to
use
proper
words.
It
is
better
to
start
the
conversation
with,
“I
feel
that.
.
.
”
instead
of
“You
are.
.
.
”.
What
do
you
do
when
your
friends
start
going
down
the
wrong
path?
Maybe
they
begin
to
drink
alcohol
or
smoke.
Maybe
they
are
hanging
out
with
the
wrong
crowd.
As
a
real
friend,
it
is
your
duty
to
step
in
and
try
to
stop
them.
Sit
your
friends
down
and
express
your
concerns
about
their
recent
behaviour.
If
they
understand
your
concerns
and
want
to
fix
the
problems,
that’s
great!
If
they
refuse
to
accept
your
suggestion,
the
problems
just
get
more
difficult.
Give
them
an
opportunity
to
realise
their
mistakes
on
their
own
once
you
have
sat
them
down
and
expressed
your
concerns.
If
time
goes
by
and
they
continue
their
bad
behaviour,
further
action
should
be
taken.
Depending
on
the
severity(严重性)
of
the
problems,
you
can
either
discuss
the
problems
with
a
parent
or
teacher,
or
choose
the
tough(无情的)way.
Whichever
you
choose,
choose
carefully.
[词海拾贝]
1.
normal
adj.
正常的
2.
conflict
n.
冲突
3.
effort
n.
努力
4.
attempt
n.
企图
5.
concern
n.
关心
[我学我思]
1.
every
once
in
a
while
偶尔,
时常
2.
feel
tired
of
对……感到厌烦
3.
result
in
导致
4.
hang
out
闲逛
5.
What’s
the
key
to
fixing
the
friendship
when
you
have
problems
with
your
friends?
To
communicate
with
them
properly.
?
6.
What
will
you
do
if
you
find
that
your
friends
get
into
bad
habits?
I
will
sit
down
with
them
and
ask
them
to
give
up
the
bad
habits,
because
these
bad
habits
are
not
good
for
their
development.
?
Ⅰ.
必备单词:
根据提示填写单词
1.
friends
forever
永远的朋友
2.
some
exciting
adventures
一些激动人心的冒险
3.
maintain
a
balance
保持平衡
4.
a
digital
camera
数码照相机
5.
tend
to
live
longer
往往更长寿
6.
post
only
positive
updates
只发布正面的最新消息
7.
acquire
shares
获得股份
8.
have
all
other
goods
拥有其他所有的商品
9.
illustrate
my
point
阐明我的观点
10.
complete
the
diagrams
完成示意图
11.
two
familiar
faces
两张熟悉的面孔
12.
prefer
jazz
to
rock
music
喜欢爵士乐胜过摇滚乐→have
particular
preference(n.
)有特别的偏好
13.
promise
to
deliver
within
48
hours
承诺48小时内送到→a
delivery(n.
)
date 交货日期
14.
recent
advances
in
medical
science
医学的最新进展→the
most
advanced(adj.
)
equipment最先进的设备
15.
make
a
significant
breakthrough 取得重大突破→significantly(adv.
)
different
明显不同
16.
enable
older
people
to
study
at
college
使老年人能在大学学习→be
able(adj.
)
to
come能来
17.
prove
her
innocence
证明她无罪→definite
proof(n.
)确凿的证据
Ⅱ.
必备短语:
英汉双译
1.
in
view
在视野范围内?
2.
face
to
face
面对面地?
3.
stay
in
touch
with
与……保持联系?
4.
lose
track
of
不了解……的情况,
不了解……的动态?
5.
thanks
to
归功于……,
多亏……?
6.
up
to
忙于,
一直到,
由……决定
7.
social
media
社交媒体
8.
throw
the
baby
out
with
the
bathwater
不分良莠一起抛弃
9.
keep
in
mind
记住
10.
share
sth.
with
sb.
与某人分享某物
Ⅲ.
必备句式:
翻译课文原句,
并观察黑体部分
1.
What
if
the
only
way
of
getting
news
from
faraway
friends
was
writing
letters
that
took
ages
to
be
delivered?
译文:
倘若从远方朋友那里得到消息的唯一途径是写信,
而这封信需要很长时间才会送达,
将会怎样?
2.
Whatever
our
hobbies,
the
Internet
can
connect
us
with
others
who
also
enjoy
doing
them,
even
if
they
live
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
译文:
无论我们的爱好是什么,
互联网可以把我们和那些同样喜欢做这些事的人联系起来,
即使他们住在世界的另一端。
3.
Although
technology
has
changed
the
way
we
acquire
friends,
the
meaning
of
friendship
and
our
longing
for
friends
remain
the
same.
译文:
尽管科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式,
但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然没有改变。
1.
副词后缀-ly
calm→calmly平静地
exact→
exactly确切地
direct→directly直接地
wide→
widely广泛地
2.
“名词
+介词+名词”构成的短语,
在句中作状语
heart
to
heart 心连心地
shoulder
to
shoulder
肩并肩地
hand
in
hand
手拉手地
back
to
back
背对背地
side
by
side
肩并肩地
框架宏观建构:
整体理解
Find
out
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.
文本微观剖析:
细节探究
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)The
title
“CLICK
FOR
A
FRIEND?
”
means
“______”?
A.
Is
it
necessary
to
find
a
friend
online?
B.
Is
it
possible
to
find
a
real
friend
online?
C.
Is
it
easy
to
find
a
real
friend
online?
D.
Is
it
more
popular
to
find
a
friend
online
now
than
before?
(2)What
can
the
digital
age
enable
us
to
do
according
to
Paragraph
3?
A.
Shop
online
and
save
time.
B.
Do
business
with
other
people.
C.
Look
through
interesting
websites.
D.
Find
people
with
similar
interests.
(3)Which
friends
may
be
real
friends
online?
A.
People
who
often
have
a
chat
with
you.
B.
People
who
always
tell
you
the
true
information.
C.
People
who
introduce
other
people
to
you.
D.
People
who
have
similar
interests
with
you.
(4)What
can
be
learned
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
People
can
have
no
friend
because
of
social
media.
B.
People’s
longing
for
friends
has
decreased.
C.
The
meaning
of
friendship
has
changed
a
lot.
D.
Friendship
is
still
important
for
people.
答案:
(1)～(4)
BDBD
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
As
Aristotle
said,
no
one
would
choose
to
live
without
friends,
even
if
he
had
all
other
goods.
分析:
本句是复合句,
As
Aristotle
said为as引导的非限制性定语从句,
even
if
he
had
all
other
goods为even
if引导的让步状语从句。
译文:
正如亚里士多德所说,
没有人会选择没有朋友的生活,
即使他拥有其他所有的东西。
语篇总结归纳:
主题深化
Nowadays,
we
can
move
around
the
world
and
still
stay
in
touch
with
1.
the
people
that
we
want
to
remain
friends
with.
Social
media
tools
let
us
see
what
our
friends
are
up
2.
to
and
maintain
friendships.
All
we
need
is
a
wi-fi
3.
connection
(connect).
The
digital
age
also
4.
enables
(able)
us
to
find
people
who
share
our
5.
interests
(interest).
But
when
you
“friend”
people
online,
does
this
mean
that
they
6.
really
(real)
are
your
friends?
It
depends.
If
people
always
exchange
true
personal
information
online,
then
yes,
these
friendships
can
be
real
and
7.
meaningful
(meaning).
But
we
need
to
keep
in
mind
that
8.
what
we
see
on
social
media
is
often
not
the
whole
truth
about
a
person.
On
social
media
sites,
people
tend
9.
to
post
(post)only
positive
updates
that
make
them
appear
happy
10.
and
friendly.
But
this
doesn’t
mean
that
we
should
throw
the
baby
out
with
the
bathwater.
?
阅读思维升华:
主题实践
1.
Do
you
think
social
media
is
beneficial
to
making
friends?
(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
I
think
so.
We
can
come
across
some
people
with
similar
interests
on
social
media.
At
the
same
time,
we
can
keep
in
touch
with
friends
with
the
help
of
social
media.
?
2.
How
to
keep
safe
in
chatting
online?
(Logical
Thinking逻辑性思维)
Keep
our
personal
information
such
as
name,
address,
telephone
number
and
pictures
secret.
?
1.
familiar
adj.
熟悉的
(教材原句)
With
no
familiar
faces
in
view.
看不到熟悉的面孔。
【词块积累】
(1)sb.
be
familiar
with
sth.
某人熟悉某物
sth.
be
familiar
to
sb.
某物为某人所熟悉
(2)unfamiliar
adj.
陌生的,
不熟悉的
①Are
you
familiar
with
the
computer
software
they
use?
?
你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗?
②His
novels
are
familiar
to
a
large
number
of
readers.
?
他的小说为众多读者所熟悉。
③The
course
is
designed
for
students
who
are
unfamiliar
with
computers.
这门课程是为不熟悉电脑的学生设计的。?
2.
prefer
v.
更喜欢
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
While
the
younger
generations
prefer
to
communicate
visually,
for
those
used
to
working
with
traditional
tools
like
email,
it
may
feel
like
a
learning
curve.
虽然年轻的一代人更喜欢视觉交流,
但是对于那些习惯使用像电子邮件这样的传统工具工作的人来说,
它可能感觉就像学习曲线。
【词块积累】
prefer
(sb.
)
to
do
sth.
宁愿/更喜欢(某人)做某事
prefer+n.
/v.
-ing+to+n.
/v.
-ing
与……相比更喜欢……
prefer
to
do.
.
.
rather
than
do.
.
.
宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer
that
.
.
.
should
do
sth.
宁愿……
①I’d
prefer
you
to
cycle,
if
you
don’t
mind.
?
如果你不介意的话,
我更想让你骑自行车。
②I
would
prefer
reading
books
written
by
him
to
watching
TV
series
based
on
his
novels.
?
我宁愿看他写的书而不愿看根据他的小说改编的电视连续剧。
③He
prefers
to
die
rather
than
give
in
to
the
enemy.
?
他宁死也不屈服于敌人。
④We
preferred
that
they
(should)
communicate
with
each
other
face
to
face.
?
我们更希望他们彼此面对面地交流。
prefer的易错点
(1)prefer意为“更喜欢”,
相当于like
better,
所以prefer一般不与比较级连用。
(2)prefer的过去式,
过去分词为preferred,
现在分词为preferring。
【知识延伸】
preference
n.
偏爱,
倾向;
优先权
in
preference
to
而不是
She
chose
to
learn
the
violin
in
preference
to
the
piano.
她选择去学小提琴而不学钢琴。
3.
deliver
v.
传递,
传送;
接生,
生(小孩儿);
发表(演讲等)
(2020·天津高考)
Once
the
book
you’ve
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.
一旦你要的书被送到最近的分店,
他们会通过电子邮件通知你,
你就可以去取了。
【词块积累】
(1)deliver
sth.
to
sb.
把某物运送给某人
deliver
a
speech/lecture
发表演讲
(2)delivery
n.
递送
①Did
you
deliver
my
message
to
my
mother?
?
你把我的信息传送给我母亲了吗?
②The
doctor
delivered
the
twins
safely
last
night.
?
昨天晚上那位医生安全地接生了一对孪生儿。
③He
delivered
a
speech
at
the
opening
ceremony
of
the
World
Cup.
?
他在世界杯的开幕式上致辞了。
4.
thanks
to归功于……,
多亏……
(教材原句)
Thanks
to
advances
in
technology,
how
we
make
friends
and
communicate
with
them
has
changed
significantly.
由于科技的进步,
我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式都发生了显著的变化。
【词块积累】
表示“因为;
由于”的短语还有owing
to,
due
to,
because
of,
as
a
result
of,
on
account
of等。
①Thanks
to
the
timely
help,
many
lucky
people
survived
the
earthquake.
?
多亏了及时的帮助,
很多幸运的人得以在地震中活了下来。
②He
had
to
retire
because
of
ill
health.
?
因为健康不佳,
他不得不退休。
③Our
delay
was
due
to
the
heavy
traffic.
?
我们延误是由于交通堵塞。
5.
advance
n.
进步,
发展vi.
&vt.
前进,
促进;
提前
(2020·天津高考)
Next
time
you
visit
Bob,
remember
to
give
him
a
call
in
advance.
下次你拜访鲍勃的时候,
记得提前给他打电话。
【词块积累】
(1)in
advance=ahead
of
time 提前,
预先
make
an
advance
in
sth.
在某方面有进步
(2)advanced
adj.
先进的;
高级的
①There
have
been
great
advances
in
medicine
in
the
last
ten
years.
?
在过去十年里,
医学取得了巨大的进步。
②The
strikers
advanced
on/towards
us,
shouting
angrily.
?
罢工的人愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。
③It
is
a
popular
show,
so
advanced
booking
is
essential.
?
它是一场很受欢迎的演出,
所以一定要提前订票。
④Thanks
to
the
advanced
technology,
we
live
in
an
age
of
better
communication.
?
多亏了先进的技术,
我们生活在一个沟通更好的时代。
He
who
does
not
advance
loses
ground.
逆水行舟,
不进则退。
6.
tend
v.
易于做某事,
往往会发生某事
(教材原句)
On
social
media
sites,
people
tend
to
post
only
positive
updates
that
make
them
appear
happy
and
friendly.
在社交媒体网站上,
人们倾向于只发布那些使他们看起来高兴和友好的积极的更新。
【词块积累】
(1)tend
to
do
sth.
易于做某事
(2)tendency
n.
趋向;
趋势;
爱好
have
a
tendency
to/towards
有……的趋势
①Boys
and
girls
tend
to
be
different
in
this
regard.
?
男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。
②Some
people
think
that
a
woman’s
body
cells
have
a
tendency
to
age
more
slowly
than
a
man’s.
?
有些人认为女性的体细胞衰老得比男性的慢。
【熟词生义】
He
carefully
tended
his
sunflower
plants.
他精心照料他的向日葵。
(v.
照管;
护理)
7.
prove
v.
证明,
证实
linking
verb.
结果证明是,
被发现是
(2021·浙江高考)He
remembered
landmarks,
but
since
he
didn’t
know
his
town’s
name,
finding
a
small
neighborhood
in
a
vast
country
proved
to
be
impossible.
他记得地标性建筑,
但由于他不知道自己所在城镇的名字,
要在一个幅员辽阔的国家里找到一个小街区被证明是不可能的。
【词块积累】
(1)prove
sth.
to
sb.
向某人证明某事
prove
(to
sb.
)
+从句
(向某人)证明……
prove
sb.
/oneself
(to
be)+n.
/adj.
证明某人是……
(2)prove
(to
be)
+n.
/adj.
证明是……
(3)proof
n.
证据,
证明
①Can
you
prove
your
working
ability
to
us?
你能向我们证明你的工作能力吗?
②(2020·江苏高考)He
proved
that
it’s
not
what
happens
to
us
that
determines
our
lives—it’s
what
we
make
of
what
happens.
?
他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活,
而是我们如何看待发生的事情。
③She
proved
herself
(to
be)
an
able
secretary.
?
她证明了自己是一个很有能力的秘书。
④
The
task
proved
(to
be)
more
difficult
than
we’d
thought.
事实证明这项任务比我们预想的难得多。?
8.
Whatever
our
hobbies,
the
Internet
can
connect
us
with
others
who
also
enjoy
doing
them,
even
if
they
live
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
?
不管我们有什么样的爱好,
互联网总能把我们同其他也喜欢做同样事情的人联系在一起,
即使他们生活在这个世界的另一端。
【句式解构】
此句为主从复合句。句中Whatever引导的是让步状语从句。
①Whatever
you
do,
you
can’t
go
against
nature.
=No
matter
what
you
do,
you
can’t
go
against
nature.
?
无论你做什么,
都不能违背自然规律。
②Now
that
I
have
passed
my
exams,
I
can
do
whatever
I
like.
?
既然我考试通过了,
可以做任何我喜欢的事了。
【知识延伸】
whatever可以引导让步状语从句,
也可引导名词性从句。
(1)whatever
作连接代词,
引导让步状语从句时,
可以换成no
matter
what,
意思是“无论什么”。
(2)whatever作连接代词引导名词性从句
(主语从句、宾语从句)时,
相当于anything
that,
不能用no
matter
what代替,
意思是“所……的任何事情”。
(3)whatever意为“无论什么样的”时,
必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句(让步状语从句和名词性从句均可)。
【要点拾遗】
1.
lose
track
of不了解……的情况,
不了解……的动态
(教材原句)How
would
you
feel
if
moving
to
a
new
town
meant
losing
track
of
your
friends?
如果搬到一个新的小镇意味着不了解朋友的情况,
你会有什么感觉?
【词块积累】
(1)keep
track
of 与……保持联系;
了解……的动态
be
on
track
稳步前进;
走上正轨
(2)track
down
追查到;
追捕
①It
is
five
years
since
we
lost
track
of
each
other.
?
我们彼此失去联系五年了。
②It’s
hard
to
keep
track
of
all
one’s
old
school
friends.
?
与所有老校友都保持联系是很困难的。
③So
far,
they
have
been
all
more
or
less
on
track.
?
目前来看,
他们都或多或少按计划行事。
④They
hope
to
track
down
the
source
of
the
infection
as
soon
as
possible.
?
他们希望尽快查出这种传染病的根源。
表示“与……失去联系”的短语还有:
lose
contact
with,
be
out
of
contact
with(表示状态)。
2.
significantly
adv.
重大地;
显著地
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
然而,
当这个演员瘦的时候,
他们摄入的食物显著增加。
【词块积累】
significant
adj.
重要的
significance
n.
重要性;
意义
be
of
significance=
be
significant
有意义
attach
significance
to
重视……
①(2018·天津高考)The
event
happening
in
the
house
was
more
significant.
?
发生在这个房子里的事情更重要。
②His
work
is
of
great
significance
to
historians.
?
他的工作对历史学家有重大意义。
③In
my
opinion,
we
should
attach
equal
significance
to
economic
development
and
environmental
protection.
?
在我看来,
我们应该同等重视经济发展和环境保护。
Peak
to
climb
it,
not
only
look
at
its
people
have
real
significance.
高峰只对攀登它而不是仰望它的人来说才有真正意义。
3.
enable
v.
使可能;
使发生
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
Giving
employees
the
tools
enables
them
to
communicate
honestly.
给员工工具使他们能够真诚地交流。
【导图理词】
①The
creativity
enables
people
to
invent
new
things
that
change
life.
?
创造力能让人们发明改变生活的新事物。
②He
has
the
ability
to
make
full
use
of
opportunities
and
face
challenges
bravely.
?
他有充分利用机会,
敢于面对挑战的能力。
③We
shall
be
able
to
deal
with
all
sorts
of
problems.
?
我们应该能够应付各种困难。
4.
keep/bear.
.
.
in
mind记住
(教材原句)
But
we
need
to
keep
in
mind
that
what
we
see
on
social
media
is
often
not
the
whole
truth
about
a
person.
但是我们需要记住,
我们在社交媒体上看到的经常不是有关一个人的全部真相。
【词块积累】
come
to
mind
突然想起
bring.
.
.
to
mind
使想起……
make
up
one’s
mind
下定决心
change
one’s
mind
改变主意
①We
must
keep
in
mind
that
pride
goes
before
a
fall.
?
我们必须记住骄者必败。
②I
couldn’t
bring
to
mind
the
name
of
the
hotel
I’d
stayed
in.
?
我想不起我住过的旅馆的名字了。
③We
have
made
up
our
minds
to
take
a
trip
to
Australia
or
Thailand
for
this
holiday.
?
我们已经决定了这个假期去澳大利亚或者泰国旅游。
5.
What
if
the
only
way
of
getting
news
from
faraway
friends
was
writing
letters
that
took
ages
to
be
delivered?
倘若从远方朋友那里得到消息的唯一途径是写信,
而这封信需要很长时间才会送达,
这会怎样呢?
?
【句式解构】
what
if
“倘若……将会怎样,
即使……又有什么关系”为固定句式。
(1)What.
.
.
for为什么?
(2)What
about/How
about.
.
.
?
……怎么样?
(表示建议)
(3)How
come?
用于口语交际中,
表示疑惑,
意为“为什么会这样呢,
怎么搞的?
”How
come
还可以接从句或v.
-ing
形式。
(4)So
what?
那又怎么样?
①It
sounds
like
a
good
offer,
but
what
if
it’s
a
trick?
?
这个提议听起来很诱人,
但如果是个骗局会怎么样?
②If
she
spent
five
years
in
Paris,
how
come
her
French
is
so
bad?
?
如果她在巴黎待了五年,
她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕?
③—He
is
fifteen
years
younger
than
you.
——他比你小十五岁呢!
—So
what?
?
——那又怎么样?
④What
about
going
to
the
cinema
tonight?
A
new
film
is
on
show.
?
今天晚上去看电影怎么样?
有一部新电影正在上映。
1.
President
Xi
Jinping
delivered
a
New
Year
speech
on
Dec.
31,
2020
via
China
Media
Group
and
the
Internet.
2020年12月31日,
国家主席习近平通过中央广播电视总台和互联网发表了新年贺词。
2.
These
measures
to
expand
opening-up
are
a
choice
China
has
made
by
itself
to
advance
its
reform
and
development.
中国扩大开放的举措,
是根据中国改革发展客观需要作出的自主选择。
3.
The
talks
in
Anchorage
once
again
proved
that
communication
and
dialogue
based
on
mutual
respect
can
help
the
two
sides
increase
trust
and
promote
mutually
beneficial
cooperation.
在安克雷奇举行的会谈再次证明,
在相互尊重的基础上进行沟通和对话,
有助于双方增进信任,
促进互利合作。
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
We
have
always
maintained(保持)
good
relations
with
our
customers
since
our
company
was
set
up.
2.
There
have
been
striking
advances
(进步)
in
space
in
the
last
20
years.
3.
The
new
plastic
enables
(使可能)
us
to
make
our
products
more
cheaply.
4.
It
tends
(往往会发生某事)
to
be
very
wet
at
this
time
of
year.
5.
Our
team
has
an
unusual(非凡的)
number
of
talented
players.
6.
It’s
reported
that
trained
dogs
have
been
used
to
hunt
for
criminals
(罪犯).
7.
The
screens
also
show
photographs,
text
and
information
from
sites
(网站).
8.
Significantly
(显著地),
he
did
not
deny
that
there
might
be
an
election.
9.
It
is
impossible
to
prove
(证明)
the
existence
of
God.
10.
Think
about
the
skills
you
have
acquired
(获得),
and
how
you
can
use
them.
Ⅱ.
根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.
Thanks
to
(多亏)
my
teacher’s
help,
I
have
made
great
progress
in
my
physics.
?
2.
You
can
pay
weekly
or
monthly—it’s
up
to
(由……决定)
you.
?
3.
Everyone
who
knows
him
likes
to
make
friends
(交朋友)
with
him.
?
4.
Keep
in
mind
(记住)
that
the
bank
will
be
closed
tomorrow.
?
5.
I’ve
lost
track
of
(与……失去了联系)
my
high
school
friends
after
graduation.
?
6.
Not
knowing
the
language
here,
I
found
it
hard
to
communicate
with
(与……交流)
local
people.
?
7.
We
try
to
stay/keep
in
touch
with
(与……保持联系)
each
other
through
e-mails.
?
8.
After
all,
we
tend
to
(倾向于)
do
what
we
like
doing
and
what
we
delight
in.
?
9.
There
was
nobody
in
view
(看得见)
in
the
street.
?
10.
I
wanted
to
explain
things
to
her
face
to
face
(面对面).
?
Ⅲ.
结合课文主题,
使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文
1.
我的这位朋友你应该熟悉。他就是我们班里的演讲天才李明。(familiar)
2.
每次发表演讲之前,
他往往会提前一个星期认真准备。(deliver;
advance)
3.
所以无论他说什么,
总能取得好成绩。(whatever)
4.
我过去更喜欢听而不是说。多亏他的帮助,
我现在学会了很多演讲的技巧。(prefer;
thanks
to)
5.
他经常开玩笑地问我,
“事实证明你也是一个优秀的演讲人,
但是如果你不尝试会怎么样呢?
”(prove;
what
if.
.
.
)
You
should
be
familiar
with
this
friend
of
mine.
He
is
the
born
speaker
in
our
class,
Li
Ming.
He
won’t
deliver
a
speech
until
it
is
fully
prepared
a
week
in
advance.
So
whatever
he
says,
he
always
ranks
the
top.
I
used
to
prefer
listening
to
talking.
Thanks
to
his
help,
I
have
learned
a
lot
of
speaking
skills
now.
He
often
asks
me
jokingly,
“You
proved
to
be
an
excellent
speaker,
but
what
if
you
even
don’t
have
a
try?
”?
完成句子
1.
Whatever
happens,
you
shouldn’t
lose
heart.
?
无论发生什么事,
你都不应该丧失信心。
2.
It’s
up
to
you
to
decide
whether
we
buy
this
set
of
furniture
or
not.
?
由你决定我们是否买这套家具。
3.
What
if
it
rains
tomorrow?
?
倘若明天下雨将会怎样呢?
4.
Even
if
you
read
English
easily,
you’ll
find
it
is
another
cup
of
tea
to
make
conversations
in
English.
?
即便你读起英语来很容易,
你会发现用英语进行会话是另一回事。
5.
The
way
(that/in
which)
he
teaches
us
in
class
is
very
interesting.
?
他的授课方式非常有趣。
PAGEUnit
4Friends
forever
Using
language?
关系代词引导的定语从句
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成:
1.
The
digital
age
also
enables
us
to
find
people
who
share
our
interests,
such
as
collecting
model
cars
or
playing
an
unusual
instrument.
2.
Nowadays,
we
can
move
around
the
world
and
still
stay
in
touch
with
the
people
that
we
want
to
remain
friends
with.
[归纳填空]
句中黑体部分引导的是定语从句,
它们均为关系代词。
一、定语从句的概述
定义
在主从复合句中,
对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句
先行词
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词
关系词
关系代词
who;
whom;
whose;
which;
that;
as关系副词
when;
where;
why
分类
可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
The
meeting
that
you
have
missed
yesterday
was
very
?
(先行词)
(限制性定语从句,
that为关系代词)
important.
你昨天错过的会议非常重要。
Beijing,
which
is
the
capital
city
of
China,
is
a
very
?
(先行词)
(非限制性定语从句,
which为关系代词)
beautiful
city.
北京是一座非常美丽的城市,
它是中国的首都。
二、关系代词的基本用法
关系代词
所指代(即先行词)
在定语从句中所作的句子成分
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
宾 语
which
物
主语、宾语
that
人/物
主语、宾语、表语
whose
人/物
定 语
There
is
a
girl
who/that
wants
to
see
you.
有个女孩儿想见你。
The
old
man
who/whom/that
you
saw
yesterday
is
a
thinker.
你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。
This
is
the
scientist
whose
name
is
known
all
over
the
country.
这就是那位全国知名的科学家。
Please
find
a
room
which/that
is
big
enough
for
all
of
us
to
live
in.
请找一间足够住下我们所有人的房间。
关系代词的选择误区
(1)关系代词that可指人,
也可以指物,
可与关系词which/who/whom互换,
但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语;
(2)作宾语时who与whom可互换,
若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom;
whom在从句中不作主语;
(3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外);
(4)whose
既可指人也可指物,
表“所属”关系,
在定语从句中作定语。
三、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况
1.
当先行词为all,
everything,
nothing,
anything,
little,
much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。
Can
you
give
me
anything
that
has
no
sugar
inside?
你能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西?
2.
当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This
is
the
first
two-storey
bus
that
runs
in
our
city.
这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。
Guilin
is
the
most
beautiful
city
that
I
have
ever
visited.
桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。
3.
当先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
last修饰时。
This
is
the
very
scarf
that
mother
has
been
looking
for.
这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。
4.
先行词中既有人又有物时。
Can
you
tell
me
the
people
and
events
that
you
saw
in
Britain?
你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗?
5.
当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时,
为避免重复而用that。
Which
of
the
books
that
you
bought
is
the
most
useful
for
my
writing?
你买的哪本书对我的写作最有用?
6.
当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
The
village
is
no
longer
the
one
that
was
5
years
ago.
这个村不再是五年前的样子了。
用适当的关系代词填空
(1)The
author
whom/who/that
you
criticized
in
your
review
has
written
a
reply.
(2)This
is
the
building
whose
windows
were
all
painted
green.
(3)The
most
important
thing
that
we
should
consider
is
the
first
idea
that
he
has
mentioned
in
his
speech.
(4)Women
who/that
drink
more
than
two
cups
of
coffee
a
day
have
a
greater
chance
of
having
heart
disease
than
those
who
don’t.
(5)Do
you
still
remember
the
chicken
farm
that/which
we
visited
three
months
ago?
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
When
the
girl
studied
in
England,
she
lived
with
a
host
family
whose
members
always
helped
her.
2.
I
was
amazed
at
the
number
of
people
who/that
visited
the
Forbidden
City
on
Saturday.
3.
The
man
is
talking
about
the
teachers
and
things
that
encouraged
him
greatly
in
school.
4.
The
International
Red
Cross
is
an
organization
whose
purpose
is
to
help
the
sick
and
the
needy.
5.
The
man
who/that
is
talking
with
my
father
is
a
policeman.
6.
The
professor
who/that/whom
you
wish
to
see
has
gone
abroad.
7.
Do
you
have
anything
that
is
important
to
tell
me?
8.
I
like
Qingdao,
which
is
a
beautiful
city.
9.
Please
send
us
all
the
information
that
you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position.
10.
The
boys
who/that
are
playing
football
are
all
on
our
school
team.
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
He
is
a
man
whom
we
are
all
ready
to
learn
from.
?
他是一个我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。
2.
This
is
the
very
book
that
I
am
looking
for.
?
这正是我要找的那本书。
3.
The
earthquake
that/which
happened
in
Tangshan
in
1976
shocked
the
people
all
over
the
world.
?
发生在1976年的唐山大地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
4.
She
is
one
of
the
girls
who
have
passed
the
exam.
?
她是通过考试的女孩之一。
5.
I
looked
up
at
my
friend
whose
look
on
the
face
was
excited.
我抬头看我的朋友,
他脸上的表情是兴奋的。?
1.
The
house
whose
roof
was
damaged
in
the
big
fire
belongs
to
my
grandparents.
那座屋顶在大火中被毁坏了的房子是我祖父母的。
2.
Once
we
were
discussing
how
to
help
the
student
who
was
seriously
ill
in
hospital.
有一次我们正讨论如何帮助那个重病住院的学生。
3.
In
senior
high
school
you
will
study
more
courses
which/that
are
different
from
your
junior
middle
school
courses.
在高中你将学习更多不同于初中的课程。
4.
You
can
also
share
your
unhappy
things
with
somebody
that
you
trust
and
listen
to
their
suggestions.
你也可以与你信任的人分享你不愉快的事情并且倾听他们的建议。
5.
This
is
the
first
book
that
he
has
read.
这是他读的第一本书。?
Friendship
is
a
thing
that
can
bring
happiness
to
people(一种给人带来幸福的事物).
Friendship
is
one
of
the
most
important
things
that
people
should
have(人们应该拥有的最重要的事物之一).
People
should
make
friends
with
those
whose
attitude
is
positive(态度积极的人).
A
real
friend
is
a
person
who
helps
you
when
you
are
in
trouble(在你困难时帮助你的人).
They
are
those
who
share
happiness
and
sorrow
with
you(和你同甘共苦的人).
They
are
brave
to
point
out
the
mistakes
that
can
affect
your
future(影响你未来的错误).
?
Activity
1 Keywords
of
friendship?
话题情境
选择恰当的选项完成对话。
Max和George正在讨论交友问题。
Max:
What
kind
of
qualities
do
you
look
for
in
your
friends?
George:
1.
C .
Those
people
are
usually
with
great
passion
and
fun
to
be
with.
?
Max:
2.
D .
Honesty
and
trust
are
very
important
to
me.
?
George:
I
think
it’s
important
to
most
people.
3.
B .
?
Max:
You
can
also
find
it
out
from
their
friends.
George:
Sometimes
it
can
be
hard
to
tell,
but
if
you
know
the
person
fairly
well,
4.
A .
?
Max:
It
seems
that
we
generally
like
different
kinds
of
people.
How
is
it
that
we
are
such
good
friends?
George:
5.
F .
They
like
making
friends
with
those
having
different
characteristics.
Anyway,
most
people
prefer
to
have
these
friends
who
can
give
encouragement,
patience
and
generosity.
?
A.
you
can
usually
see
from
their
expression
what
they
are
really
thinking
B.
The
problem
is
that
you
can
only
find
out
if
someone
is
honest
by
getting
to
know
them
C.
I
like
people
who
are
open
and
humorous
D.
I
don’t
like
to
make
friends
with
people
who
aren’t
honest
and
can’t
be
trusted
E.
I
like
people
who
are
honest
F.
Maybe
people
don’t
like
to
have
friends
that
share
the
same
character
with
themselves
G.
Friends
are
people
who
keep
in
touch
with
each
other
all
the
time
话题词汇
1.
make
friends
with
与……交朋友
2.
go
together
一起走
3.
be
fond
of
喜欢
4.
a
strong
personality
个性强
5.
trust
each
other
互相信任
6.
share.
.
.
with
sb.
与某人分享……
7.
keep
in
touch
with
sb.
与某人保持联系
8.
stay
best
friends
with
sb.
和某人保持很好的友谊
9.
a
friend
in
need
患难之交
10.
have
no
contact
with
sb.
与某人没联系
Activity
2 Helping
our
friends?
教材听力填空(听音频填空)
Andy和Clara正因Matt腿骨折不能和她们旅行而通话……
Andy:
Hello!
Clara:
Hi,
Andy!
This
is
Clara.
Matt
just
called
me.
He
said
he
broke
his
leg
and
couldn’t
1.
make
our
trip
to
London
this
week.
?
Andy:
What
a
shame!
He’s
been
looking
forward
to
it
for
ages.
Why
don’t
we
wait
until
he’s
better?
Clara:
He
said
we
should
go
without
him.
It
will
take
2.
quite
a
while
for
him
to
get
well
again.
He
doesn’t
want
us
to
give
up
our
holiday
because
of
him.
?
Andy:
But
Matt
is
our
friend.
He
needs
our
3.
comfort
and
support.
Let’s
think
about
ways
to
cheer
him
up!
?
Clara:
You’re
right!
We
could
send
him
photos
of
the
places
we
visit.
Andy:
We
could,
but
that
might
make
him
feel
even
worse.
I
want
to
4.
make
him
laugh.
?
Clara:
How
about
sending
him
funny
postcards
from
every
place
we
visit?
Andy:
Maybe,
but
postcards
can
take
days
to
arrive.
How
about
5.
having
a
video
chat
with
him
wherever
we
go?
That
way
he
can
see
everything,
too.
?
Clara:
That’s
a
good
idea.
But
you
aren’t
allowed
to
take
videos
in
some
places.
OK,
I’ve
got
it—why
don’t
we
take
Matt
with
us?
Andy:
What
about
6.
his
broken
leg?
?
Clara:
Not
the
real
Matt.
Let’s
make
a
“Flat
Matt”!
Andy:
What?
!
Clara:
We
can
7.
print
Matt’s
photo
on
a
life-sized
cardboard
cutout.
We’ll
then
take
it
with
us
and
whenever
we
take
photos
in
London.
.
.
?
Andy:
[interrupts]
Matt
will
be
in
the
photos,
too,
as
if
he
were
there
with
us.
Clara:
That’s
right!
“Flat
Matt”
will
go
to
London
with
us,
and
the
real
Matt
will
8.
laugh
at
the
photos.
?
Andy:
OK,
Clara.
Let’s
do
it!
情境句式
1.
What’s
wrong
with
you?
/What’s
the
matter?
/What
happened?
/You
look
so
bad!
你怎么了?
/怎么了?
/发生什么事了?
/你看起来很不好!
2.
I
feel
like.
.
.
我感觉……
3.
It
makes
me
very
angry
and
sad.
这让我既生气又伤心。
4.
The
reason
why.
.
.
……的原因是……
5.
Whenever
you
are
in
trouble,
she
is
always
the
one
who
helps
you.
每当你遇到困难时,
都是她帮助你。
6.
True
friendship
is
like.
.
.
真正的友谊就像……
PAGE
