北京四中2020-2021学年下学期高二年级期中考试
英语试卷
（试卷满分140分，考试时间为120分钟）
第一部分：知识运用（共三节，满分60分）
第一节
听力理解（共20小题；每小题1.
5分，共30分）
一．共5小题；每小题1.
5分，满分7.
5分。
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
are
they
talking
about?
A.
Animals.
B.
Sports.
C.
Habits.
2.
What
will
the
man
do
this
weekend?
A.
Work
in
his
garden.
B.
Go
to
the
barbeque.
C.
Go
to
the
company.
3.
How
does
the
man
feel?
A.
Angry.
B.
Excited.
C.
Worried.
4.
When
will
the
book
be
available
to
the
writer?
A.
September.
B.
Next
year.
C.
November.
5.
What
is
the
woman
doing?
A.
Giving
an
order.
B.
Asking
for
information.
C.
Making
a
request.
二．共10小题：每小题1.
5分，满分15分。
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.
Who
used
the
car
this
morning?
A.
The
son.
B.
The
aunt.
C.
The
mother.
7.
Where
are
the
keys
found?
A.
In
the
purse.
B.
In
the
pocket.
C.
In
the
drawer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
about
the
man?
A.
He
borrowed
some
money.
B.
He
is
caught
in
the
traffic.
C
He
will
meet
his
teacher.
9.
How
is
the
man
going
home?
A.
By
train.
B.
By
bus.
C.
By
taxi.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
does
the
man
want
to
buy?
A.
A
camera.
B.
A
mobile
phone.
C.
A
music
player.
11.
Which
of
the
following
does
the
man
choose?
A.
The
PE310.
B.
The
RT230.
C.
The
FG160.
12.
How
much
does
the
man
pay?
A
$300.
B.
$270.
C.
$100.
听第9段材料,回答第13至15题。
13.
What
is
the
woman?
A.
A
dress
designer.
B.
A
basketball
player.
C.
A
headmaster.
14.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man's
travel
plan?
A.
He's
going
by
air.
B.
He's
leaving
for
Paris.
C.
He's
arriving
this
afternoon.
15.
Who
is
going
to
pick
up
the
man?
A.
The
woman's
son.
B.
The
woman's
brother.
C.
The
woman
herself.
三．共5小题；每小题1.
5分，满分7.
5分。
听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
Essay
Competition
Instructions
Topic:
My
Ideal
City
Questions
Examples
or
requirements
Location
Near
the
sea,
by
the
(16)
,
or
on
an
island
Size
Depending
on
Your
own
（17）
Features
Mountains
to
make
it
(18)
,
or
the
fastest
train
in
the
world
(19)
No
less
than
three
points
Prize:
a
free
trip
to
Europe
for
a
stay
of
two
(20)
第二节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.
5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On
a
hot
summer
day
in
late
August,
I
sought
shade
and
a
cool
drink
at
a
waterfront
cafe
on
a
Greek
island.
Over
a
hundred
degrees
in____1____air.
Crowded.
Tempers
of
both
the
tourists
and
waiters
had____2____to
meet
the
situation,
making
it
a
rather
quarrelsome
environment.
At
the
table
next
to
mine
sat
an
attractive,
well-dressed
couple,
waiting
for
____3____.
They
held
hands,
whispered,
kissed,
and
laughed.____4____they
stood,
picked
up
their
metal
table
and
stepped
together
off
the
edge
of
where
they
were
sitting
to
place
the
table
in
the
sea
water.
The
man
stepped
back
for
the
two
chairs.
He
politely
____5____his
lady
in
the
knee-deep
water
and
then
sat
down
himself.
All
people
around
laughed
and
cheered.
A
waiter
appeared.
He
paused
for
just
a
second,
walked
into
the
water
to
set
the
table
and
take
their____6____，and
then
walked
back
to
the
loud
cheers
of
the
rest
of
his
customers.
Minutes
later,
he
returned
carrying
a
bottle
of
wine
and
two
glasses.
Without___7___,
he
went
once
more
into
the
water
to
serve
the
wine.
The
couple
toasted
each
other,
the
waiter
and
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
____8____by
cheering
and
throwing
flowers
to
them.
Three
other
tables
joined
in
to
have
lunch
in
the
water.
The
place
was
now
filled
with
laughter.
One
doesn't
step
into
water
in
one's
best
summer
clothes.
Why
not?
Customers
are
not
served
in
the
sea.
Why
not?
Sometimes
one
should
consider
____9____the
line
of
convention
and
enjoy
____10____
to
the
fullest.
1.
A.
fresh
B.
cool
C.
still
D.
thin
2.
A.
managed
B.
expected
C.
attempted
D.
risen
3.
A.
cheers
B.
service
C.
attention
D.
flowers
4.
A.
Suddenly
B.
Impatiently
C.
Reluctantly
D.
Purposely
5.
A.
led
B.
seated
C.
watched
D.
received
6.
A.
menu
B.
bill
C.
food
D.
order
7.
A.
pausing
B.
resting
C.
asking
D.
hoping
8.
A.
insisted
B.
replied
C.
agreed
D.
understood
9.
A.
following
B.
keeping
C.
limiting
D.
crossing
10.
A.
meal
B.
wine
C.
life
D.
toast
【答案】1.
C
2.
D
3.
B
4.
A
5.
B
6.
D
7.
A
8.
B
9.
D
10.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一个8月下旬的一个炎热夏日，作者在希腊一座岛上的一家海滨咖啡馆里寻找阴凉和一杯冷饮，天气炎热顾客和侍者都脾气不好，一对夫妇却选择将桌子放到了海水里，坐在海水里就餐，作者从中感悟到有时一个人应该考虑跨越传统的界限，尽情享受生活。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：静止空气中温度超过100度。A.
fresh新鲜的；B.
cool凉爽的；C.
still静止的；D.
thin瘦的。根据上文“On
a
hot
summer
day
in
late
August”可知天气炎热，因此此处为了强调炎热程度，形容静止空气中温度超过100度。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了应付这种局面，游客和侍者都发了脾气，使这里成了争吵的场所。A.
managed设法；B.
expected期待；C.
attempted企图；D.
risen升高。根据上文“Tempers
of
both
the
tourists
and
waiters
had”可知，天气炎热让游客和侍者的脾气都升高了。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我旁边的桌子上坐着一对漂亮、穿着考究的夫妇，正在等待服务。A.
cheers欢呼；B.
service服务；C.
attention注意力；D.
flowers花朵。根据上文可知作者他们是在一家餐厅里，因此这对夫妇是在等待着侍者的服务。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，他们站了起来，拿起他们的金属桌子，一起从他们坐着的地方的边缘走下来，把桌子放在海水里。A.
Suddenly突然；B.
Impatiently不耐烦地；C.
Reluctantly不情愿地；D.
Purposely故意地。根据后文“they
stood,
picked
up
their
metal
table
and
stepped
together
off
the
edge
of
where
they
were
sitting
to
place
the
table
in
the
sea
water.”可知这对夫妇本来在等待服务，结果突然站了起来。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他礼貌地让他的夫人坐在齐膝深的水里，然后自己也坐了下来。
A.
led领导；B.
seated就座；C.
watched观看；D.
received收到。根据后文“his
lady
in
the
knee-deep
water
and
then
sat
down
himself”指丈夫让夫人在齐膝深的水里就座。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他停了一会儿，走到水里摆好桌子，点了菜，然后回到其他顾客的欢呼声中。
A.
menu菜单；B.
bill账单；C.
food食物；D.
order订单。根据上文“A
waiter
appeared.
He
paused
for
just
a
second,
walked
into
the
water
to
set
the
table
and
take
their”可知服务员是来给夫妇点餐的。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不假思索地又一次下水去倒酒。A.
pausing暂停；B.
resting休息；C.
asking询问；D.
hoping希望。上文“Minutes
later,
he
returned
carrying
a
bottle
of
wine
and
two
glasses.”提到服务员拿了一瓶酒和两个杯子过来，后文“he
went
once
more
into
the
water
to
serve
the
wine”提到他倒酒，可见他没有停下来，直接下去倒酒了。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们欢呼着向他们投掷鲜花作为回应。A.
insisted坚持；B.
replied回答；C.
agreed同意；D.
understood理解。根据上文“The
couple
toasted
each
other,
the
waiter
and
the
crowd.”可知夫妇给所有人祝酒，因此人们欢呼着回应他们。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时一个人应该考虑跨越传统的界限，尽情享受生活。A.
following跟随；B.
keeping保持；C.
limiting限制；D.
crossing跨越，穿过。根据后文“the
line
of
convention”指跨越传统界限，cross符合语境。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时一个人应该考虑跨越传统的界限，尽情享受生活。A.
meal一餐；B.
wine酒；C.
life生活；D.
toast干杯。根据后文“to
the
fullest”以及上文讲述的这对夫妇故事，可知这里作者是指要尽情享受生活。故选C。
第三节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.
5分，共15分）
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
From
picture-perfect
beaches
to
mountains,
wildlife
and
iconic
structures,
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
offers
plenty
to
enjoy.
This
beautiful
state,
____11____
(locate)
on
Australia's
breathtaking
eastern
coast,
boasts
more
than
5
million
people.
No
trip
to
Sydney
would
be
complete
without
a
visit
to
Australia's
most
famous
landmark,
the
Sydney
Opera
House.____12____
(it)unique
appearance
was
designed
to
resemble
a
ship's
sails,
____13____
is
recognized
by
people
all
over
the
world.
In
2007,
the
structure
____14____
(declare)a
World
Heritage
Site.
【答案】11.
located
12.
Its
13.
which
14.
was
declared
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士州的人文地理等景观。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个美丽的州位于澳大利亚令人叹为观止的东海岸，拥有500多万人口。短语be
located
on表示“位于……”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填located。
【12题详解】
考查代词。句意：它独特的外观被设计成类似船帆的样子，这被全世界的人们所认可。修饰后文名词appearance应用形容词性物主代词its，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Its。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它独特的外观被设计成类似船帆的样子，这被全世界的人们所认可。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：2007年，该建筑被宣布为世界遗产。根据上文“In
2007”可知应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the
structure，谓语用单数。故填was
declared。
B
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Paper
cutting
____15____
(date)
back
to
the
sixth
century.
Chinese
women
would
cut
shapes
from
gold
and
silver
foil
to
paste
to
their
hair.
Families
later
adopted
the
tradition
of
putting
paper
cuttings
on
gates
and
windows____16____
special
days.
Eventually,
red
paper
cuttings
became
a
way
to
express
happy
feelings
and
well
wishes.
No
matter
how
simple
and
____17____(complicate)
the
design
is,
paper
cutting
remains
a
beloved
Chinese
craft.
The
next
time
you
see
a
paper
cutting,
take
a
moment
to
appreciate
it.
【答案】15.
dates
16.
on
17.
complicated
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剪纸的历史、寓意以及受中国人的喜爱程度。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：剪纸可以追溯到6世纪。此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Paper
cutting，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
16题详解】
考查介词。句意：后来，家家户户都采用了在特殊日子把剪纸贴在门窗上的传统。根据后文“special
days”表示在具体某天应用介词on。故填on。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无论设计多么简单或复杂，剪纸仍然是深受中国人喜爱的工艺。表示“复杂的”，作表语应用形容词complicated作表语。故填complicated。
C
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China's
economy
will
witness
major
improvement
in
the
next
five
years,
as
____18____(reform)
for
sustainable
development
are
underway
based
on
the
outline
of
the
14th
Five-Year
Plan
and
the
long-range
objectives
through
2035,
Tsinghua
University
economist
Li
Daokui
said
at
a
recent
forum,
Economic
Information
Daily
reported.
Innovation
development,
industrial
transformation,
____19____
(region)
distribution
optimization,
coordinating
development
and
security,
green
and
low-carbon
development
and
people's
well-being
are
the
six
major
highlights
of
the
plan,
Li
said,
____20____
(add)
six
major
changes
are
expected
to
occur
during
the
period.
【答案】18.
reforms
19.
regional
20.
adding
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是关于清华大学经济学家李稻奎就中国经济未来五年的变革进行了说明。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：据《经济参考报》报道，清华大学经济学家李稻奎在最近的一次论坛上表示，中国经济在未来5年将有重大改善，因为可持续发展的改革正在按照第十四个五年规划纲要和到2035年的长期目标进行。此处作从句主语，表示“改革”应用名词reform，结合后文are可知用复数。故填reforms。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：李说，创新发展、产业转型、区域分布优化、协调发展与安全、绿色低碳发展和人民福祉是该计划的六大亮点，并补充说在此期间预计将发生六大变化。修饰后文名词短语distribution
optimization，应用形容词regional，作定语。故填regional。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：李说，创新发展、产业转型、区域分布优化、协调发展与安全、绿色低碳发展和人民福祉是该计划的六大亮点，并补充说在此期间预计将发生六大变化。分析句子结构可知add在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Li构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填adding。
第二部分；阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节
阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The
Tropical
Paradise
Holiday
Welcome
to
St.
Anna,
our
tropical
paradise
just
off
the
coast
of
Latin
America.
You
can
spend
two
weeks
in
our
luxury
four-star
hotel.
The
cost
of
your
flight
is
included
in
the
holiday,
and
you
can
be
picked
up
from
your
home
by
our
special
airport
bus.
On
your
arriving,
our
coach
will
be
waiting
to
take
you
to
the
hotel.
All
flights
leave
from
Heathrow
on
a
Monday
morning.
The
Cowrie
Hotel
is
built
right
on
the
beachfront,
and
many
rooms
have
wonderful
ocean
views.
If
swimming
and
surfing
are
not
enough
for
you,
the
hotel
also
offers
horse
rides
on
the
island,
and
a
discount
membership
of
the
golf
club.
The
Rain
Forest
Adventure
Holiday
Every
year
Broughton
holidays
offer
twelve
days
of
unforgettable
adventure
in
a
tropical
rain
forest.
You
may
have
a
choice
of
Borneo,
Malaysia,
Indonesia,
or
even
to
the
greatest
rain
forest
of
them
all,
the
mighty
Amazonian
forest.
You
will
fly
to
our
special
base
camps
at
the
edge
of
the
forest,
where
you
will
be
given
five
days
of
survival
training,
and
talks
on
the
local
wildlife.
Then
you
take
a
bus
into
the
forest.
You
will
have
to
walk
the
final
five
miles
to
the
camp
sites
to
avoid
disturbing
the
local
ecology.
All
of
the
camp
sites
have
been
carefully
built
to
cause
the
minimal
amount
of
disturbance
to
the
local
wildlife.
Remember
that
these
adventure
holidays
take
you
deep
into
the
wilderness,
and
they
are
not
suitable
for
families
with
young
children.
Also
remember
that
no
more
than
two
dozen
guests
can
stay
at
any
camp
at
one
time,
so
if
you
want
to
go
on
one
of
these
very
special
holidays,
you
will
need
to
book
early!
21.
Choosing
the
Tropical
Paradise
Holiday,
travellers
can
enjoy
________.
A.
a
welcome
party
B.
beautiful
ocean
views
C.
different
indoor
activities
D.
free
membership
of
the
golf
club
22.
What
kind
of
people
will
probably
choose
the
rain
forest
holiday?
A.
People
loving
water
sports.
B.
People
travelling
with
children.
C.
People
preferring
comfortable
hotels.
D.
People
concerned
with
environment
and
wildlife.
23.
Which
of
the
following
is
mentioned
in
both
holidays?
A.
Price.
B.
Transportation.
C.
Reservation.
D.
Departure
time.
【答案】21.
B
22.
D
23.
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。你想去海边享受美景吗？你想去热带雨林探险吗？那就来瞧瞧这两则关于旅行的广告吧——热带天堂假日游和热带雨林冒险。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Welcome
to
St.
Anna,
our
tropical
paradise
just
off
the
coast
of
Latin
America.可知，其坐落在Latin
America的海边上，再由第二段第一句The
Cowrie
Hotel
is
built
right
on
the
beachfront,
and
many
rooms
have
wonderful
ocean
views可知，热带天堂假日可以观赏到美丽的海景。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据题干关键词the
rain
forest
holiday找到文章对应部分The
Rain
Forest
Adventure
Holiday中的第三段的You
will
have
to
walk
the
final
five
miles
to
the
camp
sites
to
avoid
disturbing
the
local
ecology.
All
of
the
camp
sites
have
been
carefully
built
to
cause
the
minimal
amount
of
disturbance
to
the
local
wildlife可知，应该是关注环境和野生动物的人们去野营。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The
Tropical
Paradise
Holiday部分和The
Rain
Forest
Adventure
Holiday都提到的是flight，这两段都提到交通方式。故选B。
B
I
left
home
to
support
my
sister
in
her
efforts
to
present
a
music
festival.
She
lives
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
and
I
went
to
visit
her,
not
wanting
to
leave
and
feeling
like
I
was
leaving
home
against
my
will.
However,
I
wanted
to
show
her
my
support
because
she
is
my
only
sister.
So
I
boarded
the
plane
in
mid-August,
and
hated
the
long
flight.
I
arrived,
tired
and
hungry.
I
had
left
my
husband
of
2
years,
alone,
in
our
old
New
Orleans
house.
I
was
all
set
and
ready
to
perform
for
my
sister
for
the
music
festival
on
Sunday
morning
when
I
received
a
call
from
Chicago.
The
hurricane
was
predicted
to
hit
our
city,
and
many
people
had
already
evacuated,
but
my
husband
chose
to
stay
behind.
He
could
not
get
a
call
to
me
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
but
he
could
call
his
cousin
in
Chicago.
He
gave
his
cousin
a
message
for
me,
that
he
would
be
just
fine,
and
not
to
worry.
As
the
day
wore
on,
I
finally
took
the
stage
in
front
of
hundreds
of
Europeans,
and
I
realized,
thanks
to
CNN,
that
New
Orleans
was
under
water.
I
performed,
hoping
that
my
husband
would
survive.
And
I
performed
perfectly.
The
audience
stood
and
applauded.
I
left
the
stage
and
went
straight
to
the
TV.
I
saw
the
street
sign
near
my
home,
of
Humanity
Street,
but
nothing
below
it
except
water.
In
the
days
that
followed,
I
found
out
that
my
house,
my
car,
my
clothes,
my
furniture,
everything
that
I'd
left
behind
was
gone
…
but
not
my
husband.
He
survived
by
riding
on
the
rear
bumper
of
a
VW
bus,
holding
on
to
the
overhead
luggage
rack,
in
the
pouring
rain,
down
the
highway
from
New
Orleans,
half-way
to
Baton
Rouge.
The
rest
of
the
journey
was
a
long
walk,
but
he
survived.
By
the
first
week
of
September,
I
flew
back
to
the
Baton
Rouge
airport,
and
hugged
my
husband.
Since
then,
our
relationship
has
grown
deeper;
we
have
completely
rebuilt
our
house,
bought
a
new
car,
bought
new
furniture
and
new
clothes
and
joined
an
inspirational,
spirit-filled
community.
24.
How
did
the
author
feel
when
she
left
home?
A.
Disappointed.
B.
Worried.
C.
Tired.
D.
Unwilling.
25.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"evacuated"
mean?
A.
Gathered.
B.
Struggled.
C.
Escaped.
D.
Hid.
26.
What
might
be
the
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Lost
It
All,
Gained
Even
More
B.
Once
Gone,
Never
Returned
C.
Caught
in
the
Hurricane
D.
Trapped
in
a
Dilemma
【答案】24.
D
25.
C
26.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者离开家帮助妹妹的音乐节，在此期间作者所在的城市遭遇到飓风的袭击，她家里的东西都损失了，幸好丈夫幸存下来，他们重建了家园，而且感情更好了。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“She
lives
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
and
I
went
to
visit
her,
not
wanting
to
leave
and
feeling
like
I
was
leaving
home
against
my
will.(她住在世界的另一边，我去看望她，不想离开，感觉像是违背了自己的意愿离开了家)”可知，作者在离开家的时候是不愿意的。故选D。
25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The
hurricane
was
predicted
to
hit
our
city,
and
many
people
had
already”以及后文“but
my
husband
chose
to
stay
behind”可知，据预测，飓风将袭击作者他们所在的城市，许多人evacuated，但作者的丈夫选择留下。结合but表示转折意义可知，其他人和作者丈夫的做法相反，由此可知他们逃离了，故画线词的意思是“逃离”。A.
Gathered.聚集；B.
Struggled.奋斗；C.
Escaped.逃走；D.
Hid.隐藏。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“By
the
first
week
of
September,
I
flew
back
to
the
Baton
Rouge
airport,
and
hugged
my
husband.
Since
then,
our
relationship
has
grown
deeper;
we
have
completely
rebuilt
our
house,
bought
a
new
car,
bought
new
furniture
and
new
clothes
and
joined
an
inspirational,
spirit-filled
community.(
9月的第一个星期，我飞回巴吞鲁日机场，拥抱了我的丈夫。从那以后，我们的关系加深了；我们已经完全重建了我们的房子，买了一辆新车，买了新家具和新衣服，并加入了一个鼓舞人心、振奋精神的社区)”结合文章叙述了作者离开家帮助妹妹的音乐节，在此期间作者所在的城市遭遇到飓风的袭击，她家里的东西都损失了，幸好丈夫幸存下来，他们重建了家园，而且感情更好了。可知，A选项“失去了一切，得到了更多”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
Light
is
a
complex
phenomenon
classically
explained
with
a
simple
model
based
on
rays
and
wavefronts.
Many
of
the
aspects
of
light
have
been
explored,
but
few
people
notice
them
happening
in
their
real
lives.
For
example,
most
of
us
observe
some
type
of
optical
interference
almost
daily,
but
usually
don't
realize
the
events
in
play
behind
the
ever-changing
display
of
colors
produced
when
light
waves
interfere
with
each
other.
One
of
the
best
examples
of
interference
is
shown
by
the
light
reflected
from
a
film
of
oil
floating
on
water.
Another
example
is
the
thin
film
of
a
soap
bubble,
which
reflects
a
series
of
light
with
beautiful
colors
when
shined
by
natural
or
man-made
light
sources.
Electromagnetic
radiation(电磁辐射）,
the
larger
family
of
wave-like
phenomena
to
which
visible
light
belongs,
is
the
primary
vehicle
transporting
energy
through
the
vast
reaches
of
the
universe.
The
means
by
which
visible
light
is
sent
out
or
absorbed,
and
how
it
predictably
reacts
under
different
conditions
as
it
travels
through
space
and
the
atmosphere,
form
the
basis
of
the
existence
of
color
in
our
universe.
The
human
eye
is
sensitive
to
a
form
of
electromagnetic
radiation
that
lies
in
the
wavelength
range
between
400
and
700
nanometers(纳米），commonly
known
as
the
visible
light
spectrum,
which
is
the
only
source
of
color.
When
combined,
all
of
the
wavelengths
present
in
visible
light
form
colorless
white
light.
Red,
green,
and
blue
colors
are
classically
considered
the
primary
colors
because
they
are
fundamental
to
human
vision.
Light
is
observed
as
white
by
humans
when
our
eyes
are
affected
by
equal
amounts
of
red,
green,
and
blue
light
at
the
same
time.
The
concept
of
color
temperature
is
of
great
importance
in
photography
and
digital
imaging,
regardless
of
whether
the
image
capture
device
is
a
camera
or
a
microscope.
A
lack
of
proper
color
temperature
balance
between
the
microscope
light
source
and
the
image
sensor
is
the
most
common
reason
for
unexpected
color
shifts
in
photomicrography(显微照相术）and
digital
imaging.
If
the
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
is
too
low
for
the
film,
photomicrographs
will
have
an
overall
yellowish
or
reddish
cast
and
will
appear
warm.
On
the
other
hand,
when
the
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
is
too
high
for
the
film,
photomicrographs
will
have
a
blue
cast
and
will
appear
cool.
As
problematic
as
these
color
shifts
may
seem,
they're
always
easily
corrected
by
the
proper
use
of
conversion
and
light
balancing
filters(滤光器）。
27.
Which
of
the
following
is
right
according
to
the
1st
paragraph
of
the
passage?
A.
Most
of
us
aren't
explicit
about
how
colors
are
produced.
B.
Light
is
classically
defined
in
terms
of
rays
and
wavefronts.
C.
People
can
understand
optical
interference
by
watching
films.
D.
Shined
by
natural
or
man-made
light
sources,
films
reflect
a
series
of
light.
28.
What
can
we
learn
about
electromagnetic
radiation?
A.
It
moves
in
a
straight
line.
B.
Color
originates
from
it.
C.
Green
lights
are
not
part
of
it.
D.
Its
wavelength
can't
be
500
nanometers.
29.
The
color
shifts
on
photomicrographs__________.
A
are
difficult
to
get
right
once
formed
B.
are
caused
by
the
high
colors
more
often
C.
prove
that
how
important
the
color
temperature
is
in
imaging
D.
are
caused
by
the
high
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
30.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Light
and
imaging
B.
Light
and
color
C.
Light
and
temperature
D.
Light
and
radiation
【答案】27.
A
28.
B
29.
C
30.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文从两个方面说明了光和颜色的关系以此说明颜色是如何产生的。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句For
example,
most
of
us
observe
some
type
of
optical
interference
almost
daily,
but
usually
don’t
realize
the
events
in
play
behind
the
ever-changing
display
of
colors
produced
when
light
waves
interfere
with
each
other.(我们大多数人几乎每天都能观察到某种类型的光干涉，但通常并没有意识到当光波相互干扰时所产生的不断变化的颜色显示背后所发生的事件。)可知我们大多数人都不清楚颜色是如何产生的。故选A项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句The
human
eye
is
sensitive
to
a
form
of
electromagnetic
radiation
that
lies
in
the
wavelength
range
between
400
and
700
nanometers,
commonly
known
as
the
visible
light
spectrum,
which
is
the
only
source
of
color.(人眼对波长在400到700纳米之间的电磁辐射很敏感，通常被称为可见光光谱，这是唯一的颜色来源。)可知，颜色来源于电磁辐射。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句A
lack
of
proper
color
temperature
balance
between
the
microscope
light
source
and
the
image
sensor
is
the
most
common
reason
for
unexpected
color
shifts
in
photomicrography
and
digital
imaging.(显微镜光源和图像传感器之间缺乏适当的色温平衡是造成显微摄影和数字成像中意外颜色变化的最常见原因。)可知，色移的产生主要是由于光源色温与图像传感器色温之间的失衡造成的，由此可判断，色温在物体成像的过程中扮演着很重要的角色。故选C项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的For
example,
most
of
us…usually
don’t
realize
the
events
in
play
behind
the
ever-changing
display
of
colors
produced
when
light
waves
interfere
with
each
other.可知我们大多数人通常没有意识到当光波相互干扰时，在不断变化的颜色显示背后所起的作用。根据第二段中的The
human
eye
is
sensitive
to
a
form
of
electromagnetic
radiation
that
lies
in
the
wavelength
range
between
400
and
700
nanometers...which
is
the
only
source
of
color.可判断，颜色来源于电磁辐射。根据第三段中的A
lack
of
proper
color
temperature
balance
between
the
microscope
light
source
and
the
image
sensor
is
the
most
common
reason
for
unexpected
color
shifts
in
photomicrography
and
digital
imaging.可知，颜色的产生主要是由于光源色温与图像传感器色温之间的失衡造成的。文章的三段虽然是独立的三个部分，但全部都围绕着光与色彩的关系展开。因此，B项（光和颜色）作为文章标题最为恰当。故选B项。
D
There
will
be
days
when
you
do
not
have
much
to
do.
Perhaps
because
you
are
waiting
for
someone
else
in
a
different
department
or
a
different
company
to
respond
to
a
request.
As
the
clock
ticks
past
5
pm,
there
may
be
no
purpose
in
staying
at
your
desk.
But
you
can
see
you
hard
at
work
and,
more
important.
they
can
see
you.
So
you
make
an
effort
to
look
busy.
Some
of
this
may
he
a
self-perpetuating(白生自存）cycle.
If
bosses
do
not
like
to
go
home
before
their
workers,
and
workers
fear
leaving
before
their
bosses,
everyone
is
trapped.
Staff
may
feel
that
they
will
not
get
a
pay
rise,
or
a
promotion,
if
they
are
not
seen
to
be
putting
in
maximum
effort.
This
is
easily
confused
with
long
hours.
Managers,
who
are
often
no
good
at
judging
employees
'performance,
use
time
in
the
office
as
an
alternative.
The
consequence
is
often
wasted
effort.
Rather
than
work
hard,
you
work
hard
to
make
bosses
think
that
you
are.
Leaving
a
jacket
on
your
office
chair,
walking
around
purposefully
with
a
notebook
or
clipboard
and
sending
out
emails
at
odd
hours
are
three
of
the
best-known
tricks.
After
a
while
this
can
result
in
collective
self-cheat
that
this
pretence
is
actual
work.
But
presenteeism(出勤）has
more
serious
consequences.
As
well
as
reducing
productivity,
this
can
increase
medical
expenses
for
the
employer.
According
to
a
study,
these
costs
can
be
six
times
higher
for
employers
than
the
costs
of
absenteeism
among
workers.
To
take
one
example,
research
published
in
the
British
Medical
Journal
found
that
Japanese
employees
with
lower-back
pain
were
three
times
more
likely
to
turn
up
for
work
than
in
Britain.
As
a
result,
those
workers
were
more
likely
to
experience
greater
pain
and
to
suffer
from
depression.
What
could
be
more
upset
than
being
in
pain
while
feeling
trapped
at
work?
None
of
this
is
to
say
that
employers
haven't
the
right
to
expect
workers
to
be
in
the
office
for
an
acceptable
proportion
of
time.
Unavoidably
there
will
be
a
need
for
some(preferably
short)meetings.
Dealing
with
colleagues
face-to-face
creates
a
feeling
of
trust
and
friendship,
allows
for
a
useful
exchange
of
ideas
and
enables
workers
to
have
a
better
sense
of
their
needs.
But
modern
machinery
like
smartphones
and
laptops
is
portable.
It
can
be
used
as
easily
at
home
as
in
the
office.
Turing
an
office
into
a
prison,
with
prisoners
allowed
home
for
the
evenings,
does
nothing
for
the
creativity
that
is
increasingly
demanded
of
office
workers
as
routine
tasks
are
automated.
To
be
productive
you
need
presence
of
mind,
not
being
present
in
the
flesh.
31.
Why
do
employees
still
stay
at
their
desk
after
work?
A.
To
keep
their
bosses
company.
B.
To
get
more
overtime
allowance.
C.
To
put
extra
efforts
into
their
work.
D.
To
give
their
bosses
a
good
impression.
32.
One
of
the
consequences
of
presenteeism
is
that___________?
A.
employers
will
pay
workers
higher
wages
B.
workers
will
suffer
physically
and
mentally
C.
workers
will
perform
their
job
more
efficiently
D.
the
effort
put
in
by
workers
will
finally
pay
off
33.
Working
in
the
office
for
some
time
can
help_________?
A.
build
better
social
bonds
B.
bring
bosses
more
profits
C.
organize
a
meeting
efficiently
D.
satisfy
workers
'material
needs
34.
What
would
the
author
probably
agree
with?
A.
Presenteeism
can't
help
develop
creativity.
B.
Absence
from
work
reduces
productivity.
C.
Presence
at
work
will
be
more
joyful.
D.
Technology
makes
life
puzzling.
【答案】31.
D
32.
B
33.
A
34.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了公司员工下班后被迫加班的原因，以及被迫加班的不良结果。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第1段As
the
clock
ticks
past
5
pm,
there
may
be
no
purpose
in
staying
at
your
desk.
But
you
can
see
you
hard
at
work
and,
more
important,
they
can
see
you.
So
you
make
an
effort
to
look
busy可知，下班后你不回去，努力让自己忙起来。不止是忙给自己看的，更重要的是忙给他们看。根据下文，“他们”指的就是“老板”。同时根据第2段Staff
may
feel
that
they
will
not
get
a
pay
rise,
or
a
promotion,
if
they
are
not
seen
to
be
putting
in
maximum
effort可知，员工得不到提薪和升职，如果他们没有被老板看到尽最大的努力的话。综合分析可推知，下班后员工继续加班是为给老板留下好印象的。故选D项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。文章第3段和第4段提到的结果包括了：wasted
effort（浪费精力）；collective
self-cheat（集体自我欺骗）；reducing
productivity,（减少效率）；increase
medical
expenses（增加员工医疗成本）；同时根据第4段As
a
result,
those
workers
were
more
likely
to
experience
greater
pain
and
to
suffer
from
depression.
What
could
be
more
upset
than
being
in
pain
while
feeling
trapped
at
work可知，员工更有可能经历更大的痛苦，并患上抑郁症。综合分析，故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第5段Dealing
with
colleagues
face-to-face
creates
a
feeling
of
trust
and
friendship,
allows
for
a
useful
exchange
of
ideas
and
enables
workers
to
have
a
better
sense
of
their
needs可知，在办公司面对面办公有诸多好处，包括会产生一种信任和友谊的感觉，有利于有益的思想交流，也能让员工更好地了解自己的需求，建立更好的社会联系。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Turing
an
office
into
a
prison,
with
prisoners
allowed
home
for
the
evenings,
does
nothing
for
the
creativity
that
is
increasingly
demanded
of
office
workers
as
routine
tasks
are
automated.
To
be
productive
you
need
presence
of
mind,
not
being
present
in
the
flesh可知，作者认为：把办公室当作监狱，把员工当作犯人。对创造性毫无帮助。故选A项。
第二节
七选五（共5小题；每小题
2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Time
for
a
Brainstorm
A
brainstorm
is
a
session
where
a
small
group
of
people
come
together
to
solve
a
problem.
People
voice
spontaneous
ideas,
sometimes
just
shouting,
and
a
note-taker
writes
them
all
down.___35___By
getting
different
ideas
out
there,
ideas
are
said
to
bounce
off
each
other
and
even
can
help
solve
the
problem
at
hand.
Brainstorming
is
often
a
group
exercise
but
individuals
can
also
conduct
personal
brainstorms.
___36___He
defined
it
as
using
the
brain
to
storm
a
creative
problem
and
do
so
in
commando
(突击队）fashion,
with
each
stormer
attacking
the
same
objective.
According
to
him,,
it
was
easier
to
tone
down
a
wild
idea
than
think
up
a
new
one.
He
placed
importance
on
the
collection
of
as
many
ideas
as
possible
and
dismissed
scientific
thinking.
Brainstorming
has
become
one
of
the
most
popular
ways
to
solve
problems
and
hold
discussion
in
schools
and
businesses.
Many
students
brainstorm
for
a
group
assignment
or
even
for
a
personal
essay.
Sarah
Grace,
24,
is
an
Australian
marketing
analyst
and
uses
brainstorming
during
all
her
creative
duties.
She
thinks
brainstorming
is
the
best
way
to
work
as
a
team.
The
sessions
get
everyone
on
the
same
page,
everyone
moving
together
and
with
a
clear
understanding
about
the
foundations
of
an
event
or
idea.___37___.
However,
a
big
problem
with
brainstorming
is
creating
a
mess
that
leads
people
further
away
from
a
solution.
___38___?If
you
don’t
have
a
strong
moderator
or
leader
of
the
brainstorm,
can
go
really
off
track,
and
people
just
start
discussing
something
totally
different.
Brainstorming
can
sometimes
confuse
the
human
brain.___39___?If
you
brainstorm
too
much
and
your
page
is
filled
up
with
all
the
messy
links,
you
can
paint
yourself
into
a
bit
of
comer
and
get
trapped
with
ideas.
You
need
to
move
past
brainstorming
as
soon
as
you
have
something
workable.
A.
The
ideas
can
be
smart,
strange
or
crazy.
B.
It
is
caused
by
a
lack
of
direction
from
a
leader.
C.
Brainstorming
really
helps
her
organize
her
thoughts.
D.
Brainstorming
really
is
the
best
way
to
build
team
spirit.
E.
It
can
open
too
many
doors
and
not
suggest
a
clear
direction.
F.
Brainstorms
were
popularized
in
the
1940s
by
American
advertising
boss
Alex
Osborn.
G.
They
can
be
words;
phrases,
paragraphs
and
anything
that
can
help
answer
the
question.
【答案】35.
A
36.
F
37.
D
38.
B
39.
E
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了什么是brainstorm（头脑风暴）、其创始人、具体应用和缺点。
【35题详解】
A
上文“People
voice
spontaneous
ideas,
sometimes
just
shouting,
and
a
note-taker
writes
them
all
down.”介绍什么是brainstorm，人们畅所欲言然后有人把这些观点都记录下来。围绕ideas来写，说出ideas，记录ideas，
A项：这些想法可能是聪明的、奇怪的或疯狂的。与上文的ideas一致，故选A。
【36题详解】
F
根据下文“He
defined
it
as
using
the
brain
to
storm
a
creative
problem
and
do
so
in
commando
(突击队）fashion,
with
each
stormer
attacking
the
same
objective.
”中的He及他的做法和it
was
easier
to
tone
down
a
wild
idea
than
think
up
a
new
one．可知本段在介绍使brainstorm普及的人，F项提出此人是美国广告公司老板Alex
Osborn，下文中的He指代的就是F项中的Alex
Osborn，故选F。
【37题详解】
D
根据上文“Brainstorming
has
become
one
of
the
most
popular
ways
to
solve
problems
and
hold
discussion
in
schools
and
businesses.
”可知，本段讲brainstorm在学校和生意上的运用，它是the
best
way
to
work
as
a
team．强调其合作和团队精神，与D项中build
team
spirit一致，符合本段内容，故选D。
【38题详解】
B
上文“a
big
problem
with
brainstorming
is
creating
a
mess
that
leads
people
further
away
from
a
solution.
”在讲brainstorm的一个缺点，会给人们造成混乱，远离解决方案，B项：这是由缺乏方向的领导者造成的，指出了其原因，故选B。
【39题详解】
E
上文“Brainstorming
can
sometimes
confuse
the
human
brain.”在讲brainstorm的另一个缺点，会使大脑困惑。E项：它可能会涉及许多方面而不能给出明确的方向，是这一缺点的具体表现。故选E。
第三部分：书面表达（共三节，满分42分）
第一节
选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
accurate
apply
mystery
oppose
consciouslocate
compare
believe
participate
official
40.
He
has
always
been
an
active
________
in
the
discussion.
41.
You
can't
make
a
________
between
American
and
Japanese
schools
—
they're
too
different.
42.
________
is
of
great
importance
in
translation.
43.
The
hotel
is
in
a
lovely
________
overlooking
the
lake.
44.
The
proposed
new
examination
system
has
been
vigorously
________
by
people.
45.
Have
you
filled
in
the
________
form
for
your
passport
yet?
46.
The
school
won't
be
________
open
until
next
month.
47.
He
was
being
very
________,
and
wouldn't
tell
me
what
he
was
up
to.
48.
It
is
my
________
that
we
will
find
a
cure
for
cancer
in
the
next
ten
years.
49.
She
was
hit
on
the
head
by
a
stone,
which
left
her________.
【答案】40.
participant
41.
comparison
42.
Accuracy
43.
location
44.
opposed
45.
application
46.
officially
47.
mysterious
48.
belief
49.
unconscious
【解析】
【分析】
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：他一直是讨论的积极参与者。根据后文“in
the
discussion”以及句意“参与者”可知应填名词participant，作表语，上文冠词an提示应用单数。故填participant。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：你不能把美国的学校和日本的学校作比较——它们太不一样了。根据后文“between
American
and
Japanese
schools
—
they're
too
different”以及句意“作比较”可知应填名词，作宾语，冠词a提示应用单数。故填comparison。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：准确性在翻译中至关重要。根据后文“is
of
great
importance
in
translation”以及句意“准确性”可知应填名词accuracy，作主语，表抽象概念，不可数。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Accuracy。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：这家旅馆位置很好，可以俯瞰湖。根据后文“overlooking
the
lake”以及句意“位置”，可知应填名词location，作宾语，冠词a提示用单数。故填location。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：提出的新的考试制度受到人们的强烈反对。根据上文“The
proposed
new
examination
system
has
been
vigorously”以及句意“反对”可知应填动词oppose，作谓语，结合上文可知为现在完成时的被动语态，应用该词的过去分词形式。故填opposed。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：你填好护照申请表了吗？根据后文“form
for
your
passport
yet”以及句意“申请”可知应填名词application，作定语修饰名词form。故填application。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：学校要到下个月才正式开学。根据后文“open
until
next
month”以及句意“正式地”，可知应填副词officially，作状语。故填officially。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他很神秘，不肯告诉我他在做什么。根据后文“and
wouldn't
tell
me
what
he
was
up
to”以及句意“神秘的”可知应填形容词mysterious，作表语。故填mysterious。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：我相信我们会在未来十年找到治愈癌症的方法。根据后文“that
we
will
find
a
cure
for
cancer
in
the
next
ten
years”以及句意“相信，信念”可知应填名词belief，作表语。故填belief。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她被一块石头击中头部，使她失去了意识。根据上文“She
was
hit
on
the
head
by
a
stone,
which
left
her”以及句意“意识”，可知应填形容词unconscious，作宾补。故填unconscious。
第二节
阅读表达
(共4小题:第1、2题各2分,第3题3分,第4题5分,共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
People
select
news
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.
One
is
related
to
what
Freud
calls
the
Pleasure
Principle,
the
other
to
what
he
calls
the
Reality
Principle.
For
want
of
better
names,
we
shall
call
these
two
classes
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward.
News
of
the
first
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.
A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder,
shake
his
head
sympathetically
and
safely
at
a
hurricane,
identify
himself
with
the
winning
team,
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.
News
of
the
second
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.
It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance
—
as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.
When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.
When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind,
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.
For
any
individual,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.
For
example,
a
sociologist
may
read
news
of
crime
as
a
social
problem,
rather
than
for
its
immediate
reward.
A
coach
may
read
a
sports
story
for
its
threat
value:
he
may
have
to
play
that
team
next
week.
A
politician
may
read
an
account
of
his
latest
successful
public
meeting,
not
for
its
delayed
reward,
but
very
much
as
his
wife
reads
an
account
of
a
party.
In
any
given
story
of
accident
or
disaster,
a
thoughtful
reader
may
receive
not
only
the
immediate
reward
of
indirect
experience,
but
also
the
delayed
reward
of
information
and
preparedness.
Therefore,
while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual's
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.
50.
What
is
the
difference
between
"immediate
reward"
and
"delayed
reward"?
51.
Please
list
two
examples
of
news
with
"threat
value".
52.
Please
decide
which
part
is
false
in
the
following
statement,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
While
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
for
each
individual,
the
boundaries
of
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward
are
firmly
fixed.
【答案】50.
The
former
pays
its
rewards
at
once
while
the
latter
pays
its
rewards
later.
51.
The
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt.
52.
While
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
for
each
individual,
the
boundaries
of
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward
are
firmly
fixed.
According
to
the
passage,
the
boundaries
are
not
stable.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新闻的类型——“即时奖励”和“延迟奖励”，介绍了它们各自的特点和相同点。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“News
of
the
first
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.(第一类消息会立即得到回报)”以及第三段中“News
of
the
second
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.(然而，第二类新闻在以后才会得到回报)”可知，“即时奖励”和“延迟奖励”的区别是前者立即支付得到回报，而后者稍后得到回报。故答案为The
former
pays
its
rewards
at
once
while
the
latter
pays
its
rewards
later.
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance
—
as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.(它有时要求读者忍受不愉快或烦恼——例如，当他读到威胁的外交形势、不断增加的国家债务、增加的税收、下跌的市场、稀缺的住房和癌症。它有一种“威胁价值”。阅读它是为了让读者了解和准备)”可知，两个带有“威胁值”的新闻例子有：危险的外交形势和不断增加的国家债务。故答案为The
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt.
【52题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“For
any
individual,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.(当然，对于任何个人来说，这两类的界限都不是稳定的)”可知，“虽然类别的划分是普遍的，但对于每个人来说，即时奖励和延迟奖励的界限是固定的”这句话中，“即时奖励和延迟奖励的界限是固定的”不正确，界限是不稳定的，故划线部分为“delayed
reward
are
firmly
fixed”，理由是界限是不稳定的。
第三节
应用文（共20分）
53.
假如你是高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国传统医学(Traditional
Chinese
Medicine)感兴趣，请你写信介绍：
1．中国传统医学基本情况；
2．你或他人的治疗体验；
3．对中国传统医学发展的看法。
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Jim,
It's
great
to
hear
from
you.
I
feel
proud
knowing
your
interest
in
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine.
Traditional
Chinese
medicine
has
been
around
for
thousands
of
years,
and
doctors
use
various
practices
together
with
herbal
medicine
to
address
health
problems.
It
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
prosperity
of
China.
In
the
most
recent
battle
against
COVID-19,
Traditional
Chinese
medicine
has
proved
its
effectiveness
in
boosting
people’s
immune
system,
relieving
disease
symptoms
and
preventing
mild
symptoms
from
getting
worse.
Compared
with
the
western
medicine,
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
has
a
more
reasonable
price
that
ordinary
people
can
afford.
I
think
in
the
future,
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
will
be
the
mainstream
in
the
health
services
in
China.
And
our
country
should
invest
more
money
on
the
development
on
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine.
Interested
in
knowing
more?
I
can
find
you
some
books!
Just
let
me
know.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，你的英国朋友Jim对中国传统医学(Traditional
Chinese
Medicine)感兴趣，要求考生写信介绍。
【详解】词汇积累
各种各样的：various
→
a
wide
range
of
繁荣：prosperity
→
boom
阻止：prevent…from…→
stop…from…
有效性：effectiveness
→
significance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：
It
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
prosperity
of
China.
拓展句：It
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
prosperity
of
China,
which
is
of
great
importance
to
Chinese
culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
In
the
most
recent
battle
against
COVID-19,
Traditional
Chinese
medicine
has
proved
its
effectiveness
in
boosting
people’s
immune
system,
relieving
disease
symptoms
and
preventing
mild
symptoms
from
getting
worse.
(运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2]
Compared
with
the
western
medicine,
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
has
a
more
reasonable
price
that
ordinary
people
can
afford.
(运用了that引导的定语从句)北京四中2020-2021学年下学期高二年级期中考试
英语试卷
（试卷满分140分，考试时间为120分钟）
第一部分：知识运用（共三节，满分60分）
第一节
听力理解（共20小题；每小题1.
5分，共30分）
一．共5小题；每小题1.
5分，满分7.
5分。
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
are
they
talking
about?
A.
Animals.
B.
Sports.
C.
Habits.
2.
What
will
the
man
do
this
weekend?
A.
Work
in
his
garden.
B.
Go
to
the
barbeque.
C.
Go
to
the
company.
3.
How
does
the
man
feel?
A.
Angry.
B.
Excited.
C.
Worried.
4.
When
will
the
book
be
available
to
the
writer?
A.
September.
B.
Next
year.
C.
November.
5
What
is
the
woman
doing?
A.
Giving
an
order.
B.
Asking
for
information.
C.
Making
a
request.
二．共10小题：每小题1.
5分，满分15分。
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.
Who
used
the
car
this
morning?
A.
The
son.
B.
The
aunt.
C.
The
mother.
7.
Where
are
the
keys
found?
A.
In
the
purse.
B.
In
the
pocket.
C.
In
the
drawer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
about
the
man?
A.
He
borrowed
some
money.
B.
He
is
caught
in
the
traffic.
C.
He
will
meet
his
teacher.
9.
How
is
the
man
going
home?
A.
By
train.
B.
By
bus.
C.
By
taxi.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
does
the
man
want
to
buy?
A.
A
camera.
B.
A
mobile
phone.
C.
A
music
player.
11.
Which
of
the
following
does
the
man
choose?
A.
The
PE310.
B.
The
RT230.
C.
The
FG160.
12.
How
much
does
the
man
pay?
A.
$300.
B.
$270.
C.
$100.
听第9段材料,回答第13至15题。
13.
What
is
the
woman?
A.
A
dress
designer.
B.
A
basketball
player.
C.
A
headmaster.
14.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man's
travel
plan?
A.
He's
going
by
air.
B.
He's
leaving
for
Paris.
C.
He's
arriving
this
afternoon.
15.
Who
is
going
to
pick
up
the
man?
A.
The
woman's
son.
B.
The
woman's
brother.
C.
The
woman
herself.
三．共5小题；每小题1.
5分，满分7.
5分。
听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
Essay
Competition
Instructions
Topic:
My
Ideal
City
Questions
Examples
or
requirements
Location
Near
the
sea,
by
the
(16)
,
or
on
an
island
Size
Depending
on
Your
own
（17）
Features
Mountains
to
make
it
(18)
,
or
the
fastest
train
in
the
world
(19)
No
less
than
three
points
Prize:
a
free
trip
to
Europe
for
a
stay
of
two
(20)
第二节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.
5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On
a
hot
summer
day
in
late
August
I
sought
shade
and
a
cool
drink
at
a
waterfront
cafe
on
a
Greek
island.
Over
a
hundred
degrees
in____1____air.
Crowded.
Tempers
of
both
the
tourists
and
waiters
had____2____to
meet
the
situation,
making
it
a
rather
quarrelsome
environment.
At
the
table
next
to
mine
sat
an
attractive,
well-dressed
couple,
waiting
for
____3____.
They
held
hands,
whispered,
kissed,
and
laughed.____4____they
stood,
picked
up
their
metal
table
and
stepped
together
off
the
edge
of
where
they
were
sitting
to
place
the
table
in
the
sea
water.
The
man
stepped
back
for
the
two
chairs.
He
politely
____5____his
lady
in
the
knee-deep
water
and
then
sat
down
himself.
All
people
around
laughed
and
cheered.
A
waiter
appeared.
He
paused
for
just
a
second,
walked
into
the
water
to
set
the
table
and
take
their____6____，and
then
walked
back
to
the
loud
cheers
of
the
rest
of
his
customers.
Minutes
later,
he
returned
carrying
a
bottle
of
wine
and
two
glasses.
Without___7___,
he
went
once
more
into
the
water
to
serve
the
wine.
The
couple
toasted
each
other,
the
waiter
and
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
____8____by
cheering
and
throwing
flowers
to
them.
Three
other
tables
joined
in
to
have
lunch
in
the
water.
The
place
was
now
filled
with
laughter.
One
doesn't
step
into
water
in
one's
best
summer
clothes.
Why
not?
Customers
are
not
served
in
the
sea.
Why
not?
Sometimes
one
should
consider
____9____the
line
of
convention
and
enjoy
____10____
to
the
fullest.
1.
A.
fresh
B.
cool
C.
still
D.
thin
2.
A.
managed
B.
expected
C.
attempted
D.
risen
3.
A.
cheers
B.
service
C.
attention
D.
flowers
4.
A.
Suddenly
B.
Impatiently
C.
Reluctantly
D.
Purposely
5.
A.
led
B.
seated
C.
watched
D.
received
6.
A.
menu
B.
bill
C.
food
D.
order
7.
A.
pausing
B.
resting
C.
asking
D.
hoping
8.
A.
insisted
B.
replied
C.
agreed
D.
understood
9.
A.
following
B.
keeping
C.
limiting
D.
crossing
10.
A.
meal
B.
wine
C.
life
D.
toast
第三节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.
5分，共15分）
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
From
picture-perfect
beaches
to
mountains,
wildlife
and
iconic
structures,
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
offers
plenty
to
enjoy.
This
beautiful
state,
____11____
(locate)
on
Australia's
breathtaking
eastern
coast,
boasts
more
than
5
million
people.
No
trip
to
Sydney
would
be
complete
without
a
visit
to
Australia's
most
famous
landmark,
the
Sydney
Opera
House.____12____
(it)unique
appearance
was
designed
to
resemble
a
ship's
sails,
____13____
is
recognized
by
people
all
over
the
world.
In
2007,
the
structure
____14____
(declare)a
World
Heritage
Site.
B
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Paper
cutting
____15____
(date)
back
to
the
sixth
century.
Chinese
women
would
cut
shapes
from
gold
and
silver
foil
to
paste
to
their
hair.
Families
later
adopted
the
tradition
of
putting
paper
cuttings
on
gates
and
windows____16____
special
days.
Eventually,
red
paper
cuttings
became
a
way
to
express
happy
feelings
and
well
wishes.
No
matter
how
simple
and
____17____(complicate)
the
design
is,
paper
cutting
remains
a
beloved
Chinese
craft.
The
next
time
you
see
a
paper
cutting,
take
a
moment
to
appreciate
it.
C
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China's
economy
will
witness
major
improvement
in
the
next
five
years,
as
____18____(reform)
for
sustainable
development
are
underway
based
on
the
outline
of
the
14th
Five-Year
Plan
and
the
long-range
objectives
through
2035,
Tsinghua
University
economist
Li
Daokui
said
at
a
recent
forum,
Economic
Information
Daily
reported.
Innovation
development,
industrial
transformation,
____19____
(region)
distribution
optimization,
coordinating
development
and
security,
green
and
low-carbon
development
and
people's
well-being
are
the
six
major
highlights
of
the
plan,
Li
said,
____20____
(add)
six
major
changes
are
expected
to
occur
during
the
period.
第二部分；阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节
阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The
Tropical
Paradise
Holiday
Welcome
to
St.
Anna,
our
tropical
paradise
just
off
the
coast
of
Latin
America.
You
can
spend
two
weeks
in
our
luxury
four-star
hotel.
The
cost
of
your
flight
is
included
in
the
holiday,
and
you
can
be
picked
up
from
your
home
by
our
special
airport
bus.
On
your
arriving,
our
coach
will
be
waiting
to
take
you
to
the
hotel.
All
flights
leave
from
Heathrow
on
a
Monday
morning.
The
Cowrie
Hotel
is
built
right
on
the
beachfront,
and
many
rooms
have
wonderful
ocean
views.
If
swimming
and
surfing
are
not
enough
for
you,
the
hotel
also
offers
horse
rides
on
the
island,
and
a
discount
membership
of
the
golf
club.
The
Rain
Forest
Adventure
Holiday
Every
year
Broughton
holidays
offer
twelve
days
of
unforgettable
adventure
in
a
tropical
rain
forest.
You
may
have
a
choice
of
Borneo,
Malaysia,
Indonesia,
or
even
to
the
greatest
rain
forest
of
them
all,
the
mighty
Amazonian
forest.
You
will
fly
to
our
special
base
camps
at
the
edge
of
the
forest,
where
you
will
be
given
five
days
of
survival
training,
and
talks
on
the
local
wildlife.
Then
you
take
a
bus
into
the
forest.
You
will
have
to
walk
the
final
five
miles
to
the
camp
sites
to
avoid
disturbing
the
local
ecology.
All
of
the
camp
sites
have
been
carefully
built
to
cause
the
minimal
amount
of
disturbance
to
the
local
wildlife.
Remember
that
these
adventure
holidays
take
you
deep
into
the
wilderness,
and
they
are
not
suitable
for
families
with
young
children.
Also
remember
that
no
more
than
two
dozen
guests
can
stay
at
any
camp
at
one
time,
so
if
you
want
to
go
on
one
of
these
very
special
holidays,
you
will
need
to
book
early!
21.
Choosing
the
Tropical
Paradise
Holiday,
travellers
can
enjoy
________.
A.
a
welcome
party
B.
beautiful
ocean
views
C.
different
indoor
activities
D.
free
membership
of
the
golf
club
22.
What
kind
of
people
will
probably
choose
the
rain
forest
holiday?
A.
People
loving
water
sports.
B.
People
travelling
with
children.
C.
People
preferring
comfortable
hotels.
D.
People
concerned
with
environment
and
wildlife.
23.
Which
of
the
following
is
mentioned
in
both
holidays?
A.
Price.
B.
Transportation.
C.
Reservation.
D.
Departure
time.
B
I
left
home
to
support
my
sister
in
her
efforts
to
present
a
music
festival.
She
lives
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
and
I
went
to
visit
her,
not
wanting
to
leave
and
feeling
like
I
was
leaving
home
against
my
will.
However,
I
wanted
to
show
her
my
support
because
she
is
my
only
sister.
So
I
boarded
the
plane
in
mid-August,
and
hated
the
long
flight.
I
arrived,
tired
and
hungry.
I
had
left
my
husband
of
2
years,
alone,
in
our
old
New
Orleans
house.
I
was
all
set
and
ready
to
perform
for
my
sister
for
the
music
festival
on
Sunday
morning
when
I
received
a
call
from
Chicago.
The
hurricane
was
predicted
to
hit
our
city,
and
many
people
had
already
evacuated,
but
my
husband
chose
to
stay
behind.
He
could
not
get
a
call
to
me
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
but
he
could
call
his
cousin
in
Chicago.
He
gave
his
cousin
a
message
for
me,
that
he
would
be
just
fine,
and
not
to
worry.
As
the
day
wore
on,
I
finally
took
the
stage
in
front
of
hundreds
of
Europeans,
and
I
realized,
thanks
to
CNN,
that
New
Orleans
was
under
water.
I
performed,
hoping
that
my
husband
would
survive.
And
I
performed
perfectly.
The
audience
stood
and
applauded.
I
left
the
stage
and
went
straight
to
the
TV.
I
saw
the
street
sign
near
my
home,
of
Humanity
Street,
but
nothing
below
it
except
water.
In
the
days
that
followed,
I
found
out
that
my
house,
my
car,
my
clothes,
my
furniture,
everything
that
I'd
left
behind
was
gone
…
but
not
my
husband.
He
survived
by
riding
on
the
rear
bumper
of
a
VW
bus,
holding
on
to
the
overhead
luggage
rack,
in
the
pouring
rain,
down
the
highway
from
New
Orleans,
half-way
to
Baton
Rouge.
The
rest
of
the
journey
was
a
long
walk,
but
he
survived.
By
the
first
week
of
September,
I
flew
back
to
the
Baton
Rouge
airport,
and
hugged
my
husband.
Since
then,
our
relationship
has
grown
deeper;
we
have
completely
rebuilt
our
house,
bought
a
new
car,
bought
new
furniture
and
new
clothes
and
joined
an
inspirational,
spirit-filled
community.
24
How
did
the
author
feel
when
she
left
home?
A.
Disappointed.
B.
Worried.
C.
Tired.
D.
Unwilling.
25.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"evacuated"
mean?
A.
Gathered.
B.
Struggled.
C.
Escaped.
D.
Hid.
26.
What
might
be
the
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Lost
It
All,
Gained
Even
More
B.
Once
Gone,
Never
Returned
C.
Caught
in
the
Hurricane
D.
Trapped
in
a
Dilemma
C
Light
is
a
complex
phenomenon
classically
explained
with
a
simple
model
based
on
rays
and
wavefronts.
Many
of
the
aspects
of
light
have
been
explored,
but
few
people
notice
them
happening
in
their
real
lives.
For
example,
most
of
us
observe
some
type
of
optical
interference
almost
daily,
but
usually
don't
realize
the
events
in
play
behind
the
ever-changing
display
of
colors
produced
when
light
waves
interfere
with
each
other.
One
of
the
best
examples
of
interference
is
shown
by
the
light
reflected
from
a
film
of
oil
floating
on
water.
Another
example
is
the
thin
film
of
a
soap
bubble,
which
reflects
a
series
of
light
with
beautiful
colors
when
shined
by
natural
or
man-made
light
sources.
Electromagnetic
radiation(电磁辐射）,
the
larger
family
of
wave-like
phenomena
to
which
visible
light
belongs,
is
the
primary
vehicle
transporting
energy
through
the
vast
reaches
of
the
universe.
The
means
by
which
visible
light
is
sent
out
or
absorbed,
and
how
it
predictably
reacts
under
different
conditions
as
it
travels
through
space
and
the
atmosphere,
form
the
basis
of
the
existence
of
color
in
our
universe.
The
human
eye
is
sensitive
to
a
form
of
electromagnetic
radiation
that
lies
in
the
wavelength
range
between
400
and
700
nanometers(纳米），commonly
known
as
the
visible
light
spectrum,
which
is
the
only
source
of
color.
When
combined,
all
of
the
wavelengths
present
in
visible
light
form
colorless
white
light.
Red,
green,
and
blue
colors
are
classically
considered
the
primary
colors
because
they
are
fundamental
to
human
vision.
Light
is
observed
as
white
by
humans
when
our
eyes
are
affected
by
equal
amounts
of
red,
green,
and
blue
light
at
the
same
time.
The
concept
of
color
temperature
is
of
great
importance
in
photography
and
digital
imaging,
regardless
of
whether
the
image
capture
device
is
a
camera
or
a
microscope.
A
lack
of
proper
color
temperature
balance
between
the
microscope
light
source
and
the
image
sensor
is
the
most
common
reason
for
unexpected
color
shifts
in
photomicrography(显微照相术）and
digital
imaging.
If
the
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
is
too
low
for
the
film,
photomicrographs
will
have
an
overall
yellowish
or
reddish
cast
and
will
appear
warm.
On
the
other
hand,
when
the
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
is
too
high
for
the
film,
photomicrographs
will
have
a
blue
cast
and
will
appear
cool.
As
problematic
as
these
color
shifts
may
seem,
they're
always
easily
corrected
by
the
proper
use
of
conversion
and
light
balancing
filters(滤光器）。
27.
Which
of
the
following
is
right
according
to
the
1st
paragraph
of
the
passage?
A.
Most
of
us
aren't
explicit
about
how
colors
are
produced.
B.
Light
is
classically
defined
in
terms
of
rays
and
wavefronts.
C.
People
can
understand
optical
interference
by
watching
films.
D.
Shined
by
natural
or
man-made
light
sources,
films
reflect
a
series
of
light.
28.
What
can
we
learn
about
electromagnetic
radiation?
A.
It
moves
in
a
straight
line.
B.
Color
originates
from
it.
C.
Green
lights
are
not
part
of
it.
D.
Its
wavelength
can't
be
500
nanometers.
29.
The
color
shifts
on
photomicrographs__________.
A.
are
difficult
to
get
right
once
formed
B.
are
caused
by
the
high
colors
more
often
C.
prove
that
how
important
the
color
temperature
is
in
imaging
D.
are
caused
by
the
high
color
temperature
of
the
light
source
30.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Light
and
imaging
B.
Light
and
color
C.
Light
and
temperature
D.
Light
and
radiation
D
There
will
be
days
when
you
do
not
have
much
to
do.
Perhaps
because
you
are
waiting
for
someone
else
in
a
different
department
or
a
different
company
to
respond
to
a
request.
As
the
clock
ticks
past
5
pm,
there
may
be
no
purpose
in
staying
at
your
desk.
But
you
can
see
you
hard
at
work
and,
more
important.
they
can
see
you.
So
you
make
an
effort
to
look
busy.
Some
of
this
may
he
a
self-perpetuating(白生自存）cycle.
If
bosses
do
not
like
to
go
home
before
their
workers,
and
workers
fear
leaving
before
their
bosses,
everyone
is
trapped.
Staff
may
feel
that
they
will
not
get
a
pay
rise,
or
a
promotion,
if
they
are
not
seen
to
be
putting
in
maximum
effort.
This
is
easily
confused
with
long
hours.
Managers,
who
are
often
no
good
at
judging
employees
'performance,
use
time
in
the
office
as
an
alternative.
The
consequence
is
often
wasted
effort.
Rather
than
work
hard,
you
work
hard
to
make
bosses
think
that
you
are.
Leaving
a
jacket
on
your
office
chair,
walking
around
purposefully
with
a
notebook
or
clipboard
and
sending
out
emails
at
odd
hours
are
three
of
the
best-known
tricks.
After
a
while
this
can
result
in
collective
self-cheat
that
this
pretence
is
actual
work.
But
presenteeism(出勤）has
more
serious
consequences.
As
well
as
reducing
productivity,
this
can
increase
medical
expenses
for
the
employer.
According
to
a
study,
these
costs
can
be
six
times
higher
for
employers
than
the
costs
of
absenteeism
among
workers.
To
take
one
example,
research
published
in
the
British
Medical
Journal
found
that
Japanese
employees
with
lower-back
pain
were
three
times
more
likely
to
turn
up
for
work
than
in
Britain.
As
a
result,
those
workers
were
more
likely
to
experience
greater
pain
and
to
suffer
from
depression.
What
could
be
more
upset
than
being
in
pain
while
feeling
trapped
at
work?
None
of
this
is
to
say
that
employers
haven't
the
right
to
expect
workers
to
be
in
the
office
for
an
acceptable
proportion
of
time.
Unavoidably
there
will
be
a
need
for
some(preferably
short)meetings.
Dealing
with
colleagues
face-to-face
creates
a
feeling
of
trust
and
friendship,
allows
for
a
useful
exchange
of
ideas
and
enables
workers
to
have
a
better
sense
of
their
needs.
But
modern
machinery
like
smartphones
and
laptops
is
portable.
It
can
be
used
as
easily
at
home
as
in
the
office.
Turing
an
office
into
a
prison,
with
prisoners
allowed
home
for
the
evenings,
does
nothing
for
the
creativity
that
is
increasingly
demanded
of
office
workers
as
routine
tasks
are
automated.
To
be
productive
you
need
presence
of
mind,
not
being
present
in
the
flesh.
31.
Why
do
employees
still
stay
at
their
desk
after
work?
A.
To
keep
their
bosses
company.
B.
To
get
more
overtime
allowance.
C.
To
put
extra
efforts
into
their
work.
D.
To
give
their
bosses
a
good
impression.
32.
One
of
the
consequences
of
presenteeism
is
that___________?
A.
employers
will
pay
workers
higher
wages
B.
workers
will
suffer
physically
and
mentally
C.
workers
will
perform
their
job
more
efficiently
D.
the
effort
put
in
by
workers
will
finally
pay
off
33.
Working
in
the
office
for
some
time
can
help_________?
A.
build
better
social
bonds
B.
bring
bosses
more
profits
C.
organize
a
meeting
efficiently
D.
satisfy
workers
'material
needs
34.
What
would
the
author
probably
agree
with?
A.
Presenteeism
can't
help
develop
creativity.
B.
Absence
from
work
reduces
productivity.
C.
Presence
at
work
will
be
more
joyful.
D.
Technology
makes
life
puzzling.
第二节
七选五（共5小题；每小题
2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Time
for
a
Brainstorm
A
brainstorm
is
a
session
where
a
small
group
of
people
come
together
to
solve
a
problem.
People
voice
spontaneous
ideas,
sometimes
just
shouting,
and
a
note-taker
writes
them
all
down.___35___By
getting
different
ideas
out
there,
ideas
are
said
to
bounce
off
each
other
and
even
can
help
solve
the
problem
at
hand.
Brainstorming
is
often
a
group
exercise
but
individuals
can
also
conduct
personal
brainstorms.
___36___He
defined
it
as
using
the
brain
to
storm
a
creative
problem
and
do
so
in
commando
(突击队）fashion,
with
each
stormer
attacking
the
same
objective.
According
to
him,,
it
was
easier
to
tone
down
a
wild
idea
than
think
up
a
new
one.
He
placed
importance
on
the
collection
of
as
many
ideas
as
possible
and
dismissed
scientific
thinking.
Brainstorming
has
become
one
of
the
most
popular
ways
to
solve
problems
and
hold
discussion
in
schools
and
businesses.
Many
students
brainstorm
for
a
group
assignment
or
even
for
a
personal
essay.
Sarah
Grace,
24,
is
an
Australian
marketing
analyst
and
uses
brainstorming
during
all
her
creative
duties.
She
thinks
brainstorming
is
the
best
way
to
work
as
a
team.
The
sessions
get
everyone
on
the
same
page,
everyone
moving
together
and
with
a
clear
understanding
about
the
foundations
of
an
event
or
idea.___37___.
However,
a
big
problem
with
brainstorming
is
creating
a
mess
that
leads
people
further
away
from
a
solution.
___38___?If
you
don’t
have
a
strong
moderator
or
leader
of
the
brainstorm,
can
go
really
off
track,
and
people
just
start
discussing
something
totally
different.
Brainstorming
can
sometimes
confuse
the
human
brain.___39___?If
you
brainstorm
too
much
and
your
page
is
filled
up
with
all
the
messy
links,
you
can
paint
yourself
into
a
bit
of
comer
and
get
trapped
with
ideas.
You
need
to
move
past
brainstorming
as
soon
as
you
have
something
workable.
A.
The
ideas
can
be
smart,
strange
or
crazy.
B.
It
is
caused
by
a
lack
of
direction
from
a
leader.
C.
Brainstorming
really
helps
her
organize
her
thoughts.
D.
Brainstorming
really
is
the
best
way
to
build
team
spirit.
E.
It
can
open
too
many
doors
and
not
suggest
a
clear
direction.
F
Brainstorms
were
popularized
in
the
1940s
by
American
advertising
boss
Alex
Osborn.
G.
They
can
be
words;
phrases,
paragraphs
and
anything
that
can
help
answer
the
question.
第三部分：书面表达（共三节，满分42分）
第一节
选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
accurate
apply
mystery
oppose
consciouslocate
compare
believe
participate
official
40.
He
has
always
been
an
active
________
in
the
discussion.
41
You
can't
make
a
________
between
American
and
Japanese
schools
—
they're
too
different.
42.
________
is
of
great
importance
in
translation.
43.
The
hotel
is
in
a
lovely
________
overlooking
the
lake.
44.
The
proposed
new
examination
system
has
been
vigorously
________
by
people.
45.
Have
you
filled
in
the
________
form
for
your
passport
yet?
46.
The
school
won't
be
________
open
until
next
month.
47.
He
was
being
very
________,
and
wouldn't
tell
me
what
he
was
up
to.
48.
It
is
my
________
that
we
will
find
a
cure
for
cancer
in
the
next
ten
years.
49.
She
was
hit
on
the
head
by
a
stone,
which
left
her________.
第二节
阅读表达
(共4小题:第1、2题各2分,第3题3分,第4题5分,共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
People
select
news
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.
One
is
related
to
what
Freud
calls
the
Pleasure
Principle,
the
other
to
what
he
calls
the
Reality
Principle.
For
want
of
better
names,
we
shall
call
these
two
classes
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward.
News
of
the
first
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.
A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder,
shake
his
head
sympathetically
and
safely
at
a
hurricane,
identify
himself
with
the
winning
team,
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.
News
of
the
second
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.
It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance
—
as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.
When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.
When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind,
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.
For
any
individual,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.
For
example,
a
sociologist
may
read
news
of
crime
as
a
social
problem,
rather
than
for
its
immediate
reward.
A
coach
may
read
a
sports
story
for
its
threat
value:
he
may
have
to
play
that
team
next
week.
A
politician
may
read
an
account
of
his
latest
successful
public
meeting,
not
for
its
delayed
reward,
but
very
much
as
his
wife
reads
an
account
of
a
party.
In
any
given
story
of
accident
or
disaster,
a
thoughtful
reader
may
receive
not
only
the
immediate
reward
of
indirect
experience,
but
also
the
delayed
reward
of
information
and
preparedness.
Therefore,
while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual's
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.
50.
What
is
the
difference
between
"immediate
reward"
and
"delayed
reward"?
51.
Please
list
two
examples
of
news
with
"threat
value".
52.
Please
decide
which
part
is
false
in
the
following
statement,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
While
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
for
each
individual,
the
boundaries
of
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward
are
firmly
fixed.
第三节
应用文（共20分）
53.
假如你是高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国传统医学(Traditional
Chinese
Medicine)感兴趣，请你写信介绍：
1．中国传统医学基本情况；
2．你或他人的治疗体验；
3．对中国传统医学发展的看法。
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
