(共29张PPT)
Warming Up
There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Match the inventions with their inventors below .
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
What do you know about great scientists Try the quiz on P1 and find out who knows the most.
1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float
Archimedes
(287-212 BC)
an ancient Greek
mathematician & physicist
2.Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed
Charles Darwin (1808-1882)
British author of The Origin of Species
3.Who invented the first steam engine
Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it and turned it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways.
4.Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children
Gregor Mendel
(1822-1884) Czech (捷克人)
5.Who discovered radium
Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)
6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities
Thomas Edison (1847-1931)
an American inventor
7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people
Last Supper
Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519) Italian artist
8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground
Sir Humphry Davy
(1778-1829)British
Miniature Miner's Safety Lamp
9.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened
Zhang Heng
(78-139) Chinese, invented seismograph
10.Who put forward a theory about black holes
Stephen Hawking
(1942--) a British astronomer
It is a kind of terrible infectious disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.
1.Do you know about cholera
Pre-reading
But John Snow, a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London, defeated “King Cholera”.
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Let’s get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “King Cholera” in:
John Snow (1813 - 1854)
“For his persistent efforts to determine how cholera was spread and for the statistical mapping methods he initiated, John Snow is widely considered to be the father of epidemiology(流行病学)."
First Reading (in 10 minutes):
Write down the main idea of each paragraph
Para 1:
Para 2:
Para 3:
Para 4:
John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he was kind enough to help the ordinary people with cholera.
John Snow was interested in two theories about cholera.
John Snow collected information to test the two theories.
The map showed that the polluted water might be the reason for cholera.
Para 5:
Para 6:
Para 7:
The reason for cholera was that the source of the water（水源） was polluted.
John Snow was sure enough that polluted water carried the disease of cholera.
John Snow suggested how to prevent cholera from happening again.
The passage is written as a report of an experiment and there are 7 steps:
1.Find a problem:
2.Make up a question:
3.Think of a method:
4.Collect results:
5.Analyse results:
6.Find supporting evidence:
7.Draw a conclusion:
STEP2
Steps: What/How
1.Find a problem
2.Make up a question
3.Think of a method
4.collect results
What causes cholera
Which theory is correct
Collect information on those who were ill or died and where they got their water
Mark information on a map to find out where people died or did not die
6.Find supporting evidence
7.Make a conclusion
5.Analyse results
Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness
Find other evidence to make sure the conclusion
The water is to blame. The source of all drinking water should be examined.
3.Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To show us how difficult it was to find a cure for cholera.
B. To tell us how John Snow found the cause of cholera and the cure for it.
C. To show us how difficult it was to carry out experiments at that time.
D. To tell us the way cholera spread and how serious it was.
B
2.Why couldn't cholera be controlled at first
Its cause was not understood
Its cure was not understood
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. John Snow became famous after cholera hit England in the 19th century.
B. John Snow began to collect information long before cholera hit England in the 19th century.
C. The mother and her daughter mentioned in the text both lived in Broad Street.
D. John Snow felt unsure about the cause of cholera after he finished the map.
D
4. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text
A. Because cholera caused many deaths.
B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.
C. Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.
D. Because it was defeated with the help of the king.
C
SUMMARY
In the times of Queen Victoria, so called “King Cholera” hit Londoners, which often _____ large numbers of______. Thanks to John Snow, a well known______, this deadly disease finally got controlled. John Snow thought ______ most important was to find its ______. So he began to gather the information, for which he made a map, on which he marked ______ the ____ had lived. As a result, he found out that the _______ water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies ___________ immediately. Finally “King Cholera”____________ .
resulted in
deaths
doctor
the
cause
where
victims
polluted
be examined
was defeated(共19张PPT)
Grammar
The past participle as the predicative and the attributive
Look at the following sentences and find the use of the past participle.
done
being done
having been done
-- Look at the excited boy! Why
is he so happy
-- He has got the first prize in
the contest.
-- No wonder he is excited!
I’m frightened to go out in darkness alone.
He felt puzzled over her changing mind.
We only sell _____ (use) books.
The students _______ (dress) in white is my daughter.
What’s the language _______ (speak) in that area
The first textbooks _______ (write) for teaching as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
used
dressed
spoken
written
We should drink _______(boil) water in order to stop us being exposed to dangerous germs.
All the _______ (break) windows have been repaired.
It is pleasant to walk on the ______ (fall) leaves.
broken
fallen
boiled
一.过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+过去分词)
No wonder he is excited!
I become delighted at the news
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
delighted, disappointed, upset,
astonished, excited, frightened,
experienced, interested, qualified,
puzzled, exhausted, satisfied
二.过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作定语，此时，分词和名词之间有几种语意关系:一种是分词表被动,一种是表完成(由不及物动词转化).一种表人的心理状态.
This is a newly-developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。
He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
Look at the excited boy!
2. 过去分词作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。
He was reading a novel written by Jin Yong. (=that/which was written by…)
三.过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
＝Some of them, who was born and brought up in rural villages, had never …
四.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容词。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰非人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
The general stared at him in a disappointed look.
(这类名词为look, sound ,expression. eye等 )
Further information: Difference between the Present Participle and the Past participle
a sleeping boy
a boy cleaning the room
the man managing the factory.
an injured boy
a well cleaned room
a factory managed by the man
the gone days
As attributive:
As predicative:
This is a moving story.
We were deeply moved by the story.
The news is very exciting .
I was excited at the news.
1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be putting
C. to put D. putting
2. In the past, this work, __ highly skilled, was usually done by men.
A. considering B. to consid
C. being considered D. considered
Practice:
3. It's necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______ the answer ready will be of great help.
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
4. "You can' t catch me!" Janet shouted, ________ away.
A. run B. running
C. to run D. ran
5. ______ the child to bed, she began to correct the pupils' exercises.
A. Sending B. Being sent
C. Sent D. Having sent
6. He dived into the water, ________only his face____.
leaving; exposed
leaving; exposing
C. left; exposed D. left; exposing
8. ________ many times, but he still couldn' t understand it.
Though he had been
Having been told
Having told
He had been told
9. _______ his address, I couldn't
go to see him yesterday
A. Not known B. Known not
C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
10. Reading this instructive book, ___________ .
A. tears came to his eyes
B. his eyes were filled with tear C. he burst into tears
D. his eyes were full of tears
11. ________ , we had to go home.
A. There was no bus
B. We couldn' t find a bus
C. There being no bus
D. There no bus
12. _______ to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.
A. Having not been invited B. Not having been invited
C. Having not invited
D. Not having invited
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. The speech that we listened to yesterday afternoon was very moved .
2. From the disappointing look on his face, we know that he didn’t pass the exam.
3. That must have been a terrified experience.
4. Some foreign press reports are quite confused.
moving
disappointed
terrifying
confusing(共8张PPT)
Homework one: summary on page3
Homework two
Page4: severe, suspected, exposed, experts,
cure, foresaw, concluded, announced, attended.
Homework three
Translate the following sentences:
1.不要把皮肤直接暴露在阳光下.(expose)
2. 他们提了很多建议.put forward)
3.这条丝绸之路在古代把中国和西方连接起来.(link…. to…)
4.根据上面所说的,我们可以得出结论.(draw a conclusion)
1.Don’t expose your skin to the sunlight directly.
2.They put forward many suggestions.
3.The silk Road linked China to the west in ancient times.
4.From what is said above, we can draw a conclusion.
Homework four
Grammar practice:
Homework five
composition on English weekly:
Homework six
English weekly
