Unit2 English around the world

(共75张PPT)
Ⅰ.高频单词
1．________adj.官方的；正式的；公务的
2．_______ n．航行；航海
3．_______ adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人
4．_______ adv.实际上；事实上
5．______ vt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础
6．_______ adj.逐渐的；逐步的
_________adv.逐渐地；逐步地
7．__________n．词汇
official
voyage
native
actually
base
gradual
gradually
vocabulary
8．______ adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
9．________n．一身；身份
10．_______ adj.流利的；流畅的
________adv.流利地；流畅地
11．__________adj.频繁的；常见的
___________adv.常常；频繁地
12．___________ n．&vt.命令；指令；掌握
13．_________ n．& vt.请求；要求
14．________ __n．词语；表示；表达
15．___________vt.辨认出；承认；公认
latter
identity
fluent
fluently
frequent
frequently
command
request
expression
recognize
16．________ n．口音；腔调
17．_________adv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的
18．_________n．街区；块；木块；石块
Ⅱ.必备短语
1．____________　　　　　因为；由于
2．__________走近；上来；提出
3．___________现在；目前
4．___________利用；使用
5．_________例如……；像这种的
6． ___________(in) 扮演一个角色；参与
accent
straight
block
because of
Come up
at present
make use of
such as
play a art
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．Native English speakers can understand each other ________(即使)they don’t speak the same kind of English.
2．Actually，it was based ________ on German________present day English.(比……更……)
3．Believe it or not，there is no ________ a thing ________ standard English.(像……一样的……)
答案　1.even if　2.more，than　3.such，as
Ⅳ.单元语法
直接引语和间接引语Ⅱ——祈使句
1．转述他人的请求
①“Help me with my homework，please.” she said.
→_____________________________________________.
2．转述他人的命令
②“Don’t smoke in the room.” he said.
→He told____________________________.
③“Make sure the door is shut，little son，” she said.
→ She_________________________________________________.
She asked me to help her with her homework
me not to smoke in the room
told her little son to make sure the door was shut
1．base vt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础
名师点睛：base作状语或定语，常用过去分词形式。
用恰当的动词形式填空：
①The dance of thousand－hand Guanyin was created ________(base)on an ancient painting.
千手观音舞蹈是基于一幅古老的绘画而创作的。
based
②All the students are for the plan ________(base)on two hours’ discussion.
所有的学生支持这项建立在两小时讨论基础上的计划。
2．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
名师点睛： the latter经常与the former连用在一起，意为“两者之间，前者……，后者……”。
完成句子：
I prefer _________________________former.
我喜欢后一幅画甚于前一幅。
the latter picture to the
based
3．identity n．本身；身份
用identity/identification/identify/identical填空
①I cannot __________this signature.
我识别不出这是谁的签字。
②The police are still uncertain of the murderer’s_________.
警察尚未证实杀人犯的身份。
identify
identity
③The two words are____________ in meaning.
这两个字的字义完全一样。
④His only means of ______________was his passport.
他唯一证明身份的证件就是他的护照。
identical
identification
4．command n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握；精通
名师点睛：command表示“命令”时，后面的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式要用should＋ 动词原形或省略should。如：
Our boss commanded we all should go to collect market information.老板命令我们都去搜集市场信息。
完成句子：
①He felt fully __________________the situation.
他觉得完全控制形势。
②He’s studied in the US and ____________________________English.
他在美国留过学，精通英语。
in command of
has a good command of
5．request n．& vt.请求；要求
辨析：require/ask/demand/request
require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
ask最普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长、晚辈，上下级之间都可使用。
demand一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
request正式用词，指非常正式，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
值得一提的是，这四个动词虽然在语义上不同，但构成的句式的搭配用法却完全相同。
名师点睛：request作动词或名词用时，后面的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式用should＋ 动词原形或省略should。require，demand，requirement的用法相同。
用恰当的动词形式填空(每空填一词)
①The guide requested that her visitor ____________her car at the gate.
向导要求她的客人不要把汽车停在大门口。
not park
②Mr.Paine made a request that I ______him.
佩恩先生要求我帮助他。
help
【高考例证】
(2009·重庆卷)We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A．that　　　　　　　　　　 B．when
C．which D．where
解析　“________ the school library provide more books on popular science”是同位语从句，表示request的内容，所以要用that引导。
答案　A
【变式题】
1．The newly－founded chess club formally ________us to attend the opening ceremony.
A．requested B．required
C．demanded D．commanded
解析　request常用于正式场合的请求。句意：这家新建的象棋俱乐部正式邀请我们参加开幕式。
答案　A
2．It is ________that all the celebrities in the entertainment circle pay their taxes to the government.
A．commanded B．requested
C．advised D．required
解析　require常用于规定要求，条件要求。句意：据规定，娱乐圈的名人要向政府交税。
答案　D
3．Do you think the President will give in to the terrorists’ ________？
A．demand B．requirement
C．request D．suggestion
解析　demand常用于强硬的要求。句意：你认为总统会同意恐怖分子的要求吗？
答案　A
6．expression n．词语；表示；表达；表情
完成句子：
①The scenery was beautiful_________________.
那风景美丽得无法形容。
②She looked at me__________________.
她毫无表情地朝我看着。
beyond expression
without expression
7．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
完成句子：
Lawrence’s novel ________________________a work of genius eventually.
劳伦斯的小说最终被公认为天才之作。
was recognized as
8．come up 走近；上来；提出
介副词填空：
①The teacher asked who could come __________a good solution to this problem.
老师问谁能提出一个解决这个问题的好办法。
②This button has just come____.
这颗纽扣是刚掉的。
③The secret will finally come____.
这个秘密终究要被人知道的。
④I could hear footsteps coming_____ behind me.
我听见身后的脚步声越来越近。
up with
off
out
up
⑤How did it come _______that the man is dismissed
那个人被解雇了，怎么回事？
⑥I came _______this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.
我昨天找书的时候，偶然发现了这张早年的照片。
about
across
9．make use of 利用；使用
①Students should make full use of their spare time getting close to nature.
学生们应充分利用业余时间接近大自然。
②You should make the best of this valuable opportunity to improve your oral English.
你应该充分利用这宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语能力。
1．________on the careful observation of real life，He Qingkui’s comic skits，such as Selling Crutches and Selling a Wheelchair enjoy ________number of audiences.
A．Based；the large　　　　B．Basing；a large
C．Based；a large D．Basing；the large
解析　句意：建立在对实际生活仔细观察的基础上，何庆魁的小品，像“卖拐”和“卖车”都享有很多的观众。base与主语comic skits是被动关系，所以第一个空要用过去分词作原因状语；第二个空要用a large number 表示“大量的……”。
答案　C
2．The army received a command that they ________to the front immediately.
A．would march B．must march
C．should march D．were marching
解析　 command在此句中用作名词，所以后面所接的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式用should＋动词原形。
答案　C
3．Don’t worry.Nothing is requested ________ you and your family!
A．/ B．of
C．for D．on
解析　句意：不要担心。对你和你的家庭，不会有什么要求的。request常构成：request sth.of sb.要求某人做某事。
答案　B
4．Jerry didn’t________ his primary school classmate Mary until he listened to her self－introduction.
A．know B．find
C．recognize D．realize
解析　此句用recognize表示“认出”。句意：杰瑞直到听了他的小学同学玛丽自我介绍后才认出她来。
答案　C
5．It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it ________that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A．came over B．came out
C．came about D．came up
解析　come over过来；come out出来，长出，传出；come about发生；come up出现；上来；走近。how did it come about...？是一个习惯句型，意为“某事是怎么发生的”。
答案　C
6．This is a good opportunity that you should make use ________your English.
A．of to practise B．of practising
C．to practise D．of to practising
解析　make use of的宾语是前面的opportunity。空格处是句子的目的状语。句意：这是一个你应当用来练习英语的好机会。
答案　A
7．In order to learn about the actuality of the citizens’ life and not to get his ________found out，the mayor pretended to be a traveler and began to chat with the natives.
A．identification B．identity
C．truth D．role
解析　句意：为了了解市民生活的真实情况，也为不让人发现他的身份，这位市长装作一位游客开始与当地人聊起来。
答案　B
8．Where unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that ________ is due to the former.
A．the second B．the later
C．the last one D．the latter
解析　句意：当失业与犯罪率增高时，可以认为前者是后者的原因。根据题干中的the former可知，挖空处要用the latter表示“后者”。
答案　D
9．The ________ on her face told me that she didn’t get along well in her work.
A．impression B．instruction
C．direction D．expression
解析　句意：她脸上的表情告诉我们她最近工作不太顺利。impression“印象”；instruction“指令；辅导”；direction“指挥；方向”；expression“表情；表达”。
答案　D
10．With a good ________ of both Chinese and English，Miss Lin was offered a job as an oral interpreter.
A．writing B．program
C．command D．impression
解析　句意：林女士能熟练地使用汉语和英语，所以她得到了一份翻译的工作。a good command of 是习惯短语，意为“熟练运用……”。
答案　C
1．even if＝even though 即使。引导让步状语从句。
句型转换：
I wouldn’t like to attend his party even if I’m invited.
我不会参加他的宴会，即使被邀请。
→I wouldn’t like to attend his party________________.
even if invited
【高考例证】
(2010·安徽高考)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities，________they have the interest.
A．wherever　　　　　　　　　　 B．whenever
C．even if D．as if
解析　句意：工程师是那样的忙，以致于他没有时间参加室外运动，即使他们对此很感兴趣。从句是前句的让步状语，所以要用even if表示“即使”。wherever“无论哪里”；whenever“无论什么地方”；as if“好像”。
答案　C
2．more...than...比……更……；与其说……倒不如说是……
用more than/rather than/other than填空
①The 21st Century is ___________a newspaper；it is also a helpful textbook to the students.
二十一世纪英语报不仅仅是一种报刊；对学生来说，它还是一种有用的教科书。
②He has visited every country in Asia ___________Japan.
除了日本以外，他去过亚洲的任何一个国家。
③The beauty of the mountainous country is ____________I can describe.
我难以描述那个山村的美丽。
more than
other than
more than
④You ____________I are going camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
rather than
【高考例证】
(2009·浙江高考)It took ________building supplies to construct these energy－saving houses.It took brains，too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
解析　此题考查形容词短语。句意：建造这些节能房子，不仅需要建材，还需要大脑。此句要用more than...表示“超过；不仅仅……”。other than“除……之外”；rather than“而不是”；less than“少于”。
答案　B
【变式题】
1．One of the greatest benefits of stamp－collecting is that they are based on common interests，________ appearance，age or wealth.
A．other than　　　　　　　　　　B．or rather
C．rather than D．instead
解析　句意：集邮的一个最大好处是他们建立在共同兴趣的基础上，而不是相貌、年龄或财富基础上。other than“除……之外”；or rather“更准确的是”；rather than“而不是”；instead“而是”。
答案　C
2．—How can I get to New York in three hours
—You can’t get there ________ by air.
A．more than B．other than
C．rather than D．less than
解析　句意：“我怎样才能用三个小时到纽约？”“如果不是乘飞机你不能三个小时到那儿”。more than “超过，不仅仅是”；other than“除了……之外”；rather than“而不是”；less than“比……少”。
答案　B
3．such...as...像……那样的……。
当先行词被such修饰或本身是such 时，as作为关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰这个先行词。
辨析：such...as.../such...that...
as引导定语从句，as要在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
用as/that填空：
①It is such a small matter______ I do not want to mention it.
那么小的一件事，我不想再提了。
②Such little money ___he earned was spent on drinks and tobacco.
他挣的那点钱都用来喝酒、吸烟了。
that
as
【高考例证】(2008·全国卷Ⅰ)The weather was ________ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A．really B．such
C．too D．so
解析　句意：天气太冷了，我不愿意离开我的房间。此句要用so与题干中的that构成so...that...句式，表示“如此……以致于……”。
答案　D
【变式题】
(2010·东北四校三模)Children are not recommended to see such films ________bad for their mental development.
A．that is B．that are
C．as are D．as is
解析　“________bad for their mental development”部分缺少主语，故用关系代词as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语。that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
答案　C
1．This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
【句式】
This/That is because...这是因为……。because在此句式中引导表语从句。如：
He was late，and that’s because the car was held up in the traffic rush.他迟到了，那是因为他的车被困在了交通高峰期。
注意：如果reason作主语时，后面的表语从句要用that引导。如：
The reason why I didn’t attend the conference was that I was too busy.我未出席会议是因为我太忙了。
2．So people from the mountains in the southeastern US speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northern US.因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。
【句式】
本句中the same修饰dialect。所以后面as作为关系代词引导定语从句，修饰dialect。as people in the northern US是一个省略句，谓语动词speak已省略，as应该是speak的宾语。如：
India has had the same features as China in its social development.在社会发展方面，印度具有与中国相同的特点。
1．There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely，________ she was an only child.
A．ever since　　　　　　　　B．now that
C．even though D．even as
解析　句意：凯特从来没有觉得孤独的时候，即使她是独生女。ever since 自从……以来；now that 既然；even as甚至当……时候。
答案　C
2．Kate is a pretty girl and she’s ________her mother than her father.
A．more liker B．much liker
C．more like D．even like
解析　句意：凯特是一位漂亮的姑娘。比起她爸爸来，她更像她的妈妈。
答案　C
3．It’s the protection for the trees ________really matters，________how many trees are planted each year.
A．what；other than B．which；or rather
C．that；rather than D．as；more than
解析　第一个空考查it强调句型；第二个空用rather than表示“而不是”，句意：正是对树林的保护才真正重要，而不是每年种多少棵树。
答案　C
4．I have no dreams ________to have a happy life.
A．rather than B．more than
C．other than D．less than
解析　other than意为“除……之外”。在这一句中与no构成搭配，意为“除……之外没有……”。rather than 而不是；more than超过，不仅仅；less than 少于。句意：我一做梦就梦见过着一种幸福的生活。
答案　C
5．He is such a lazy man ________ nobody wants to work with ________.
A．that；/ B．as；him
C．whom；him D．as；/
解析　as是关系代词在定语从句中作work with的宾语。如果用that，work with后面要有宾语him。
答案　D
6．A lot of college students can’t find jobs；and it’s ________their knowledge and ability cannot meet the job requirements.
A．why B．because
C．that D．for
解析　后一分句是前面句子的原因，所以要用because引导表语从句。句意：一些大学生毕业找不到工作，这是因为他们的知识和能力达不到职业要求。
答案　B
7．The reason ________ he was ill that day was actually made up by his brother.In fact，the reason ________ he was absent is ________ he went to see a film.
A．that；why；that B．for which；why；that
C．that；why；because D．why；that；because
解析　reason后接同位语从句要用that引导，接定语从句要用why或that引导，在定语从句中作原因状语用why，表语从句要用that引导。
答案　A
8．To my surprise，I did find the same wallet ________ I had lost the day before.
A．which B．as
C．that D．what
解析　the same...that强调“同一性”。表示是“同一个钱包”。句意：令我感到吃惊的是，我竟然找到了我前一天丢失的钱包(同一个钱包)。
答案　C
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They have ________(承认) him to be their leader.
答案　recognized
2．He had lost his ________(身份) card and was questioned by the police.
答案　identity
3．I wouldn’t feel happy living in a block of ________ (公寓)．
答案　apartment
4．One should always b________ his opinions on facts.
答案　base
5．The teacher r________ all the students should finish the exercises before the class was over.
答案　requested
6．What a good c________ of Japanese he has!
答案　command
7．She speaks ________(流利的) though not very correct French.
答案　fluent
8．The old man’s ________language (母语) is Chinese.
答案　native
9．He walked along in the shadows，hoping no one would r________ him.
答案　recognize
10．English and French are both o________ languages in canada.
答案　official
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．It is well known that news must ________________.(以事实为根据)(base)
答案　be based on the facts
2．She was chosen to ____________(在……中扮演角色)the TV play，so she felt very proud.(part)
答案　play a part in
3．In China，the number of people learning English____________(在增加)rapidly.(increase)
答案　is increasing
4．I’ve been away from my hometown for years.Now I can ________(几乎认不出它)．(recognize)
答案　hardly recognize it
5．He commanded that the students ________ (不得离开)the classroom before he returned.(leave)
答案　have to leave
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．(2010·北京市崇文区第二学期统练二)What’s your opinion of Mr Li’s request that we ________ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning
A．would　　　　　　　　　　 B．should
C．must D．could
解析　that...是名词request的同位语从句，表示其内容，所以要用虚拟语气，谓语要用should＋动词原形或省略should。
答案　B
2．When studying English，students must make ________of learning about the cultures and customs of English－speaking countries.
A．sense B．point
C．use D．difference
解析　句意：学英语时，同学们必须特别注意了解说英语国家的文化和风俗。make sense of理解；make point of 特别注意；make use of 利用；make a difference 有很大的关系(影响)。
答案　B
3．(2010·开封市第二次质量检测)—How did the global financial crisis ________？
—I’m not quite sure.Anyhow，it is a very important problem facing us.
A．come up B．come about
C．come along D．come around
解析　第一句的句意是全球性金融危机是怎样发生的？所以要用come about表示“产生；发生”。come up“出现；走上前来”；come along“进展”；come around “顺便来访，苏醒，复苏”。
答案　B
4．(2011·郑州市第47中学期中)She’s going to have problems finding a job ________she gets good marks when at school.
A．for B．since
C．so that D．even if
解析　句意：即使她上学时成绩很好，但是找工作也会遇到障碍。此处要用even if引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。for“由于”；since“既然”；so that“这样”。
答案　D
5．(2011·济宁市第一中学第一次检测)—The cake is delicious.
—Well，at least it is ________ the one I made last week.
A．as bad as B．no better than
C．no worse than D．not better than
解析　第二句的意思是“至少，它并不比上一周我做的那个蛋糕差多少。”as bad as“像……一样糟糕”；no better than“并不比……好多少”；no worse than“并不比……差多少”；not better than“不如……好”。
答案　C
6．(2010·福建省漳州一中质检)They wouldn’t agree to sell the house to us at the same price________ they had promised，________ was rather disappointing.
A．which；as B．as；that
C．as；which D．that；that
解析　此处的意思是“以他承诺过的价格”，用the same...as...表示“像……一样的……”。第二个空用which代替前面整个主句，引导非限制性定语从句表示“这件事”。
答案　C
7．(2010·北京市宣武区第二次质量检测)I usually do the washing up and leave the cooking to my wife，________ she’s a better cook than me.
A．unless B．as
C．even though D．in case
解析　从句是主句的原因，所以要用as引导，意为“由于……”。
答案　B
8．—How will I ________ you at the airport
—Well，I’m wearing a hat and I’ve got a big black umbrella with me.
A．recognize B．notice
C．know D．realize
解析　句意：“我在机场怎样才能认出你来呢？”“我戴着一顶帽子，我随身还带着一把黑色的雨伞。”此句要用recognize表示“认出”。notice“注意到”；know“认识”；realize“认识到”。
答案　A
9．—She was late for the party.
—That’s ________ she had forgotten the exact time.
A．why B．how
C．because D．whether
解析　第二句的意思是“那是因为她忘了准确的时间了。”根据句意可知，此处要用because引导表语从句，表示前面所述结果的原因。
答案　C
10．Her new book is about a murder mystery ________ on actual murders that took place in Florida several years ago
A．having been based B．to be based
C．based D．having based
解析　挖空处是定语修饰murder mystery，base与被修饰词是被动关系，故用过去分词形式表示被动。A项表示被动和完成，时间上不符合；B项表示被动和将来，时间也不符合。
答案　C