2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列（14个专题打包）

2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
11特殊句式和情景交际（教师版）
考前必读
高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有
易错点睛：
易错点1 忽视否定词位于句首要用倒装的用法
【易错题l】Little _______ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.
A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care
【易错题2】I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _______with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied　
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是忽视了含有否定意义的短语位于句首要用倒装的用法。表示否定意义的短语by no means位于句子的开头，句子应该用部分倒装语序。
【答案】D
【错因透视】含有否定意义的短语位于句首用半倒装句式，常见含有否定意义的短语有：by no means，in no time，in no way等。如：By no means will this method be satisfactory．这个方法一点也不令人满意。
【易错题3】The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only , but students became more interested in the lessons.
A. saved was teachers’ energy B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved D. was saved teachers’ energy
【易错题4】Not until I came home last night ________ to bed.
A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是忽视了not until从句位于句首，主句应该用半倒装语序的用法。not until位于句首时要用半倒装的句型，把主句中的助动词did提到主语Mum的前面。
【答案】B
【错因透视】not until的倒装是从主句中把not提取出来，放在until的前面，它们一起提到句首，这时主句应该用半倒装语序。如：Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you the gift．我要到元旦那天才能把礼物给你。
易错点2 没有掌握so…that…和such…that…的倒装结构
【易错题】So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was
【错因透视】在句型“so…that…”和“such…that…”中，如果so+adj．／adv．或such+n．提前放在句首时，主句要用半倒装，that从句不倒装。如：So fast did he run that I couldn’t catch up withhim．他跑得那么快，以至于我追不上他。Such a noise was there that I couldn’t make myself heard．有那么大的噪音，以至于我说的话别人听不到。
易错点3对“only+状语”位于句首的倒装模棱两可
【易错题】Only when I left my parents for Italy __ how much I loved them.
A. I realized B. I had realized
C. had I realized D. did I realize
【错因透视】only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，要进行部分倒装。注意当only修饰状语从句时，主句部分倒装，被only修饰的状语从句部分不倒装。当only修饰主语时，则不用倒装。有下列几种情况：
易错点4 忽视表示地点的介词短语、表示方向或时间的副词位于句首时要用倒装的用法：
【易错题】Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____.
A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief
C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是忽视了away置于句首构成句子的全部倒装的用法。
【答案】D
【错因透视】(1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首倒装要注意谓语动词与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。能这样用的动词常见的有：lie，stand，live，sit，be，come，go等。如：At the front of the hall satthe headmaster．校长坐在大厅的前部。
(2)表示方向或时间的副词位于句首形成的倒装，是为了生动地描写动作或强调该副词。其句子的谓语动词通常是go，come，run等表示移动的动词和be动词，表示方向的副词常见的有：there，here，up，down，out，in，away等；表示时间的副词有nOW，then等。如：Away went the boy to the school!那男孩到学校里去了
易错点5没有掌握强调句式
【易错题1】t was _____ he came bank from Africa that wear _________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
比较下列三个句子：
【易错题2】It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. 2007年重庆卷C
A. which B. it C. that D. this
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是没有明确该句是强调句式。该题是对what is right进行强调。在这种强调句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。如果被强调的部分是表示人的意义的名词时，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他部分；如果被强调的部分是表示事物意义的名词时，用that引出句子的其他部分。但是，无论被强调的部分是表示地点、还是表示时间意义的名词，都不可以用where或者when。
【答案】C
【错因透视】强调特殊疑问句妻用“特殊疑问词+is／was+it+that+．．．”结构，表示“究竟是谁……，到底在哪里……”等。如：why is it that you want to change your mind 你究竟为什么要改变主意
【易错题3】It is the ability to do the job _ _matters,not where you came from or what you are.
A．one B．that C．what D．it
易错点6不熟悉省略句式
【易错题1】-----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday
----- Yes, _____, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是没有掌握常用的省略句式。本题考查条件状语从句中的省略现象，if possible是省略句，完整的句子是：If it is possible。
【答案】D
【错因透视】在when，while，if，as if，though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等连词连接的时间、条件、方式、让步、地点等状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。如：When(water is)pure，water is a colorless liquid．水纯净时，是无色的液体。Errors，if(there are)any，should be correc—ted．如果有什么错误，就应当被改正。If necessary，we’11 have a meeting．如果必要，我们开个会。
【易错题2】What would have happened _____, as far as the river bank
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
易错点7 混淆祈使句和非谓语动词结构
【易错题】_______ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about Firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D.Search
【错因透视】祈使句的用法总结：
(1)祈使句表示请求、叮嘱、建议、警告、号召或命令等，是向听话者直接发出命令或劝告。主要有以下两种用法：祈使句的第二人称肯定形式通常省略主语，用动词原形开头，如：Make yourself at home．像在自己家里一样。Step this way，please．请这边走。否定形式通常以don’t／never开头，形成句式：don’t+动词原形，never+动词原形。如：Don’t worry．不要担心。Never be discouraged．不要气馁。(祈使句的第一、三人称肯定形式用Let+me，us，him…+动词原形，如：Let’s begin，shall we 让我们开始吧，好吗”
注意：用“Let’s时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用“Let us”时，并不包括对方。如：Let’s try it，shall we 让我们再试一次好吗 Let us do it by ourselves，will you 让我们自己做那件事情，好吗
(2)“祈使句+and／or+简单句”句式：and常用在祈使句中，表示前面的条件与后面的结果一致。or常用在祈使句中，表示前面的条件与后面的结果不一致。or可换为otherwise，or otherwise。如：Speak louder and everyone will hear you．再大一点声讲，每个人都会听到你说的话了。Work hard or you．I’ll fail．努力工作，不然你会失败的。
易错点8 忽视英汉文化差异而造成误选
【易错题】—— Could you be so kind as to close the window
——
A．With pleasure B．Go ahead C．Yas，Please D．That’s OK
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）By no means ______ true that all English people know their own language well.
A．is that B．that is C．is it D．it is
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）Please do me a favor—______ Mr. Smith of the date and place of our English speech contest.
A．to inform B．informing C．inform D．informed
【答案】C
【解析】 考查特殊句式。句意：请帮我个忙——通知史密斯先生我们英语演讲比赛的日期和地点。破折号后面表示解释说明，应用祈使句。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）“Well done, John! Not a single mistake ______ in this exam paper!” said the teacher.
A．you made B．did you make
C．made you D．you did make
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Not until ______ school ______ how much their teachers loved them and helped them.
A．they left; did they realize
B．did they leave; did they realize
C．they left; had they realized
D．they left; they realized
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）Is it he or you ______ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually
A．who is B．that is C．who are D．whom are
【答案】C
【解析】 考查强调句型及主谓一致。此处为强调句型，强调了主语 he or you，根据强调句型结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”，首先排除D；谓语的单复数根据所强调的主语 he or you 确定，or 连接并列主语时采用就近一致原则，因此根据 you 确定谓语为 are。
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）Try to be friends with your children, ______ you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.
A．so B．and C．or D．but
【答案】B
【解析】 考查特殊句式。句意：尽力与你的孩子做朋友，你会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。此处考查的是祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句句型，后半句表示肯定，因此用 and 连接。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）No one can walk the wire in the air without a bit of fear unless ______ very young.
A．having trained B．trained
C．to be trained D．being trained
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
【答案】B
【解析】 考查倒装及虚拟语气。此处为省略 if 的虚拟条件句，因从句表示与过去的事实相反，谓语动词应使用过去完成时，此题是将 had 提至句首且省略 if，故选B。
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）It was shortly after that serious accident happened ______ all the people involved were caught and questioned.
A．since B．that C．before D．when
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）In the dark forests ______, some of which are large enough to hold several small towns.
A．are lying many lakes B．do many lakes lie
C．many lakes lie D．lie many lakes.
【答案】D
【解析】 考查倒装和时态。根据句意可知此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。作地点状语的介词短语放句首，且主语为名词时，句子使用完全倒装，故选D。
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）—$ 100, but that is my last offer.
—______
A．Good idea! B．What did you say
C．Oh, it’s up to you. D．OK, it’s a deal.
【答案】D
【解析】 考查交际用语。对方最后的报价是100美元，答话人表示同意，故选D项，it’s a deal 意为“成交；一言为定”。
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）—We just had a terrible accident.
—______ But it’s good to see you are all right.
A．Take it easy. B．I’m sorry to hear that.
C．Don’t be afraid. D．It doesn’t matter.
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—You really appreciate Tony’s performances, don’t you
—______. I just like his soft voice.
A．Not exactly B．Don’t say so
C．Who knows D．You bet
【答案】A
【解析】 考查交际用语。说话人问“你真的很欣赏托尼的表演，不是吗”，根据第二句答语“我只是喜欢他柔和的嗓音”可知，应选A“不完全如此”。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）—Would you like another cup of coffee
—______.
A． Yes, go ahead B．It is a pleasure
C．Yes, please D．You are welcome
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Do you think I should join he singing group, Mary
—______ If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.
A．None of your business. B．It depends.
C．Why not D．I don’t think so.
【答案】C
【解析】 考查交际用语。句意：——玛丽，你认为我应该去参加合唱团吗？——为什么不呢？如果我是你的话，我肯定会参加的。根据 “I” 引导的虚拟条件句可知，空处应用 “Why not ”。
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）—A second, please. I have another call coming through.
—______．I’m not in a hurry.
A．Enjoy yourself B．Leave me alone
C．Do as you like D．Take your time
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）—Go for a trip after the exam, OK
—______.I love getting close to nature to relax.
A．I couldn’t agree more B．I’m afraid not
C．I believe not D．I don’t think so
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）—Wang Ming, will you take part in the coming National English Proficiency Contest
— ______ We should catch the precious chance.
A．Out of the question! B．That’s for sure.
C．So what D．Why bother
【答案】B
【解析】 考查交际用语。答语的下一句提到“我们应该抓住这次宝贵的机会”，由此可知答话人“肯定”要参加。故B项符合语境。A项表示“不可能”；C项表示“那又怎么样”；D项表示“为什么费事”。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题06 动词的时态和语态（学生版）
考前必读
动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。应特别注意以下几点：要把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导易错点睛
易错点1 忽视了一般过去时的隐含时间
【易错题】14. Edward, you play so well. But I you played the piano.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known
C. don’t know D. haven’t known
易错点2 没有记住一般现在时的基本用法
易错点4 混淆现在完成时和过去完成时
【易错题1】I there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.
A. would be B. have been C. had been D. will be
易错点5对现在完成进行时理解不透彻
【易错题】--- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
--- I think so. He _______ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）By the time Pierce comes back from the meeting, we ______ here for three hours.
A．will be waiting B．is waiting
C．will wait D．will have waited
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）I can’t believe that you got fined for speeding. I ______ of you as a careful driver.
A．think B．am thinking
C．thought D．have thought
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I’ll call on you at 10:00 tomorrow morning.
—Sorry, I ______ the flight to Shanghai then.
A．have enjoyed B．will be enjoying
C．am enjoying D．am to enjoy
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）When I ______ Paris in France, I got stuck in heavy traffic several times.
A．had visited B．visited
C．visit D．am visiting
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Why does the steak smell so strange
—I ______ it, it seems.
A．had burnt B．was burning
C．have burnt. D．will burn
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—My mum is not in Beijing now. She has gone to Paris.
—Oh, can you tell me when she ______
A．is leaving B．would leave
C．has left D．left
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ______ that they ______ well.
A．have told; wash
B．have been told; wash
C．was told; washed
D．have been told; are washed
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）—What do you think of the Eiffel Tower
—Splendid. When I was in France, I ______ it.
A．have visited B．had visited
C．could visit D．visited2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
7选5阅读理解（学生版）
考前必读
2008年宁夏推出了阅读理解新题型,2009年辽宁省也选用了这一题型,"如果希望明确、深刻地理解一篇文章,必须对文章的结构有所了解,把握住全篇的文脉,即句与句.段与段之间的逻辑关系."是《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（宁夏卷)说明》中的要求.阅读填空题就很好地体现了这一要求。
2010年北京市高考试卷的明显变化是:阅读理解由原来的5篇文章共20道题变成了4篇文章共15道题+阅读新题型.阅读新题型占到了10分,这些都表明任务型阅读的优势在吸引更多的省市尝试,而各省的新型阅读理解也各有所长.
如果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考察，是语言表达的基本单位,属于语言的组织规律,那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考查,是语言使用的范畴,属于言语的组织规律,简单地说,前者侧重语言的结构--语法,而后者侧重语言的使用--章法.
易错点睛
3．凸显构成语段的方式
一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,我们在分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非矴逦 只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章.
　　步骤二：详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
　　文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。
　　步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。
　　在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。
　　步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
　　在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
步骤五：确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
在检查后，应再次查看所排除选项，进一步确定排除理由，以防造成易混选项误选。
跟踪练习：
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger. Most people don’t have enough time to read the articles, so they only read the headlines. On TV and the radio, newsreaders speak more quickly than ten years ago. In the USA, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions（版本）of traditional stories, specially written for “busy parents” who want to save time! Some answer phones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay people’s messages faster — we cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed! 74 Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they spent seconds looking at each picture. Today they spend just three seconds! Nowadays, many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball.
北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some experts feel that the automobile is to “die”. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to become rotten iron and steel rubbish. 71 They think that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the near future.
72 It should become smaller, safer, and more money-saving, and should not be powered by the petrol engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.
Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic jam. 73
When the auto enters the freeway system, a retractable arm, which can be moved inwards or backwards, will drop from the auto and touch a rail that is similar to the subway trains electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. 74
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the freeway. 75 It is guessed that an automated freeway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day freeway.
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Pleasing Sound of a Rainstick
A stick is a long tube that is hollow, with small sticks or other materials pushed inside so that it has a somewhat smooth surface on the outside, but small barriers inside. These can be in a lined pattern, for a specific sound, or placed at random for a more varied effect. It is then filled with a variety of different things, like small stones, or beads（珠子）, or even rice, and the ends are capped to provide a seal. 71
The origins of rainsticks are not really known and so the stories are quite varied. Some people say that the ancient people of Chile created rainsticks from dried cactus（仙人掌）, with the sharp points taken off, pushed back inside and then filled with small stones. 72 The Deaguita Indians survive even today, and they are still using them in many of their rain ceremonies. They also make them as musical instruments.
A．You can even make your own rainsticks, and they are often part of school projects where they are used to help children learn the history of Indian people.
B．When turned upside down, these materials fall down through the tube, bouncing off of the barriers to produce a calming rain-like sound.
C．These were then capped with pieces of wood on the ends and used in ceremonies to bring rain to their crops.
D．One end is capped off with poster board and filled with rice or beans, and then the other end is sealed.
E．You can get different rain sounds, depending on how fast you turn the rainstick itself.
F．This rainstick can never be opened according to the scared writings of the ancients.
G．They can be three feet or longer depending on what the tube itself is made from.
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
·shows signs of having a severe allergic reaction
·has been stung by several insects at the same time
·has been stung in the mouth or throat, where the swelling can interfere with breathing
Medicines
74 A cream or ointment containing hydrocortisone（氢化可的松）can help reduce swelling and inflammation. You can buy low-dose hydrocortisone cream over the counter but don’t use it on children under 10, or on your face or on broken or infected skin. Over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol（醋氨酚）can relieve some of the discomfort.
Always ask your doctor for advice and read the patient information that comes with your medicine.
Prevention of bites and stings
You can reduce your risk of insect bites and stings by:
·Wearing insect repellent
· 75
·Wearing long sleeves and trousers if out in the evening
·Keeping picnic foods covered up as much as possible — sweet foods and drinks attract insects.
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most people would agree teens today have more choices than ever before. To avoid burnout, teens should pick and choose carefully. 71 Joining a local community（社区）club is an easy way to get involved and have some fun without a lot of stress.
1．Libraries
Keep an open mind on this one, because libraries have evolved a lot over the past decade. 72 Today’s libraries are full of magazines, music, DVDs, graphic novels, even games, and young adult librarians are dedicated to setting up activities that teens will enjoy.
2．Leisure（休闲）Centres
Leisure centres can sometimes seem like the home of old age people and tiny kids. 73 Swimming clubs, teen fitness clubs and classes and community sports clubs such as tennis, football and even gymnastics are often held at leisure centres.
3． 74
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. 71 They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
A．Many teachers do not believe in open education.
B．Open education. is better than traditional education.
C．But many students will not do well in an open classroom
D．Some students will be happier in an open education school.
E．The teachers’ feeling and attitudes are important to the students.
F．In fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school.
G．For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom.2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
8定语从句（学生版）
考前必读
高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
易错点睛
易错点1 混淆关系代词和关系副词
易错点2 混淆as和which引导的非限制性定语从句
【易错题l】I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
易错点3忽视关系代词that与which的区别
【易错题l】Qingdao is the most satisfactory place _____ we’re going to visit.
A. which 　　B. where 　　C. that 　　D. in which
易错点4混淆whose与其他引导词
【易错题】Many children, _______ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
易错点5对关系代词前面的介词选择有误
【易错题】Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
跟踪练习
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）The Great Wall is the place ______ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.
A．why B．which C．when D．where
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）The average rainfall in Ningxia is small, ______ makes the climate here drier ______ with other places in China.
A．that; compared B．which; comparing
C．which; compared D．that; comparing
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）In the UK, what impressed me most was the student activity, ______ I got lots of information.
A．when B．that C．which D．where
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）About 1.62 million Chinese students went abroad to study between 1978 and 2009, ______ only 497,400 have come back.
A．who B．among whom
C．among which D．in whom
I'll never forget the days ____ I learned hard in my senior high school, ____ changed my whole life.
A．that; which B．when; which
C．which; when D．that; that
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）The old lady, all of ______ children had been killed in the earthquake, was given help by the local government.
A．her B．whom C．whose D．which2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
12完形填空（学生版）
考前必读
完形填空题以语篇为单位，是一种集单项选择和阅读理解为一体的考查考生语言综合能力的测试题。它不仅能考查考生对英语语法、词汇知识和简单表达形式的掌握情况，还能考查考生的阅读理解能力、分析判断能力和综合运用语言的能力等。一些常见的错误有:
易错点睛
易错点3、缺乏对上下文的贯穿能力
Besides, his sore throat kept 45 him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but 46 .
46. A. escaped B. succeeded C. regretted D. failed
易错点4、不注重结合文化背景、生活常识等进行选择
When We were eating at that cafe in Bondi and a person who had 38 his hamburger didn’t have enough money to pay for it，without any 39(hesitation)，you went over and put the
40(extm) $2 into his hand．
38．A．ordered B．booked C．offered D．bought
二、跟踪练习：
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Thousands of brush lines went into the original great works, but one artist has reproduced some of the world’s most famous paintings with just one line. Designer Chan Hwee Chong creates spiral（螺旋形的）illustrations inspired by some of the most 36 works in history. The Singaporean artist’s attitude towards work is so 37 that if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again, He has recreated Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, Van Gogh’s Self-Portraits and Johannes Vermeer’s Girl with a Pearl Earring in his own unique 38 .
The Singaporean is an art director at German 49 studio Kolle Robbe in Hamburg. In his spare time he works 50 installation art and graphic design.” At work, I deal 51 with art direction and ideas. Outside of work I like playing with spaces — 52 different ways of catching my eyes in an immersed fashion.”
Mr. Hwee Chong, who lives in Hamburg with his wife Carolyn, said the three pieces took several months to complete due to the fact that every mistake meant a complete restart. “I don’t really have an 53 to how long each drawing took, but the whole project took us many months. 54 , my favorite is Mona Lisa as it was the piece we staged doing first. All three pieces were hard work but I worked with a team which really 55 . We solved problems we had together and it was great fun.”
36．A．popular B．effective C．practical D．realistic
37．A．successful B．precise C．casual D．flexible
38．A．language B．gesture C．studio D．style
39．A．Basically B．Fortunately C．Thankfully D．Similarly
52．A．making B．exploring C．feeling D．forcing
53．A．honor B．attention C．entrance D．answer
54．A．Probably B．Personally C．Recently D．Previously
55．A．impressed B．owned C．approved D．helped
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently divorced and unemployed, I was on my way downtown to do the rounds of the employment offices. I had no umbrella, for my old one had 36 , and I could not 37 another one.
I sat down in the 38 and there against my seat was a (n) 39 silk umbrella with a silver handle. I had 40 seen anything so lovely. I examined the handle and saw a carved 41 . The usual procedure would have been to 42 the umbrella to the conductor, but an idea 43 to me. I decided to take it with me and find the owner myself.
I got off the bus in a downpour and 44 opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I 45 a telephone book for the name on the umbrella. I called and a lady 46 .
Yes, she said 47 , that was her umbrella，which her parents, now dead, had given her as a birthday present. But， she 48 , it had been stolen 49 her doorstep a month before.
She was so excited that I 50 I was looking for a job and went directly to her house. She took the umbrella, and her eyes were filled with 51 . She wanted to give me a 52 , but—though twenty dollars was all I had in the world—her happiness at regaining this 53 possession was beyond words and I believed accepting her money would have 54 something. We talked for a while and I left.
A week later, I got a job as a sales manager 55 . It might be my kindness that paid off. But who knows
47．A．in surprise B．in panic C．in silence D．in anger
48．A．assumed B．added C．declared D．announced
49．A．from B．in C．beside D．of
50．A．mentioned B．forgot C．realized D．remembered
51．A．memory B．honor C．tears D．thanks
52．A．gift B．position C．hug D．reward
53．A．expensive B．common C．rare D．special
54．A．bought B．ruined C．expressed D．enjoyed
55．A．immediately B．naturally C．hopefully D．unexpectedly
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Dear Scott, I’m dropping you this note to again encourage you to 47 your ideas to various publications. I 48 you lots of luck, sales and good drawing.”
I hadn’t 49 thanked him for his first letter! Again, I dragged out my art brushes and set to 50 the sample strips（连环漫画）now known as Dilbert. It finally became popular.
As Dilbert 51 more successful, I came to appreciate Jack’s simple act of 52 .
How can you ever 53 a kindness like that Just reach out to some person who badly needs encouragement and 54 it on. Do it for somebody who knows you have nothing to gain. There’s no 55 thing as a small and great act of kindness.
36．A．actor B．writer C．photographer D．cartoonist
37．A．on B．with C．in D．to
38．A．informal B．formal C．handwritten D．printing
39．A．asking B．answering C．neglecting D．replying
40．A．published B．rejected C．recognized D．appreciated
41．A．if B．unless C．since D．before
42．A．magazines B．books C．samples D．models
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My sister, Cathy, who lives in Vancouver, sent me a package full of Christmas gifts. She told me that she had 36 it in advance to make sure it would arrive at my house weeks before the 37 . Christmas was drawing near, but no package arrived. Cathy checked the tracking number every 38 with Canada Post, and every evening she would call me to 39 if there was any sign of it on our end.
The 40 always started with questions about the package, but twenty minutes later we would still be 41 . We talked about our family, such as parents, our kids and 42 . Of course we also talked about our jobs. We had never made so much 43 for each other! The talk always took us back to the hours we spend together in our childhood.
By Christmas Eve we finally had to 44 the fact that the package was 45 lost. On Christmas morning, Cathy got on the phone with everyone in my 46 and told them what she had sent. Later on, after a big family Christmas dinner, I had forgotten all about the 47 package when there was a knock on the door. Who could it be at such a time As I 48 the door, a man was standing there.
36．A．booked B．decorated C．mailed D．listed
37．A．appointment B．holiday C．deadline D．party
38．A．year B．month C．week D．morning
39．A．find out B．take out C．figure out D．pick out
40．A．complaint B．discussion C．conversation D．quarrel
41．A．kidding B．arguing C．chatting D．scolding
42．A．gifts B．husbands C．secrets D．clothing
43．A．food B．money C．achievement D．time
44．A．accept B．ignore C．consider D．study
45．A．nearly B．suddenly C．mostly D．simply
46．A．restaurant B．house C．office D．class
47．A．terrible B．missing C．big D．outstanding
48．A．opened B．locked C．left D．watched
49．A．understand B．forget C．know D．believe
50．A．expected B．dreamed C．realized D．remembered
51．A．because B．but C．or D．so
52．A．generous B．honest C．polite D．kind2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
8定语从句（教师版）
考前必读
高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
易错点睛
易错点1 混淆关系代词和关系副词
【易错题l】—What do you think of teacher ,Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting .
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【错因透视】引导定语从句的关系副词有where，when和why，若引导词在定语从句中作状语，就要考虑用关系副词引导定语从句。这时先行词若是表示地点的名词，就用where引导定语从句；先行词若是表示时间的名词，就用when引导定语从句；先行词若是表示原因的名词(reason)，就用why引导定语从句。如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year．这就是我们去年住过的那个山村。I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you．我永远忘不了和你一起工作的那些日子。She didn’t tell me the reason why she was late．她没有告诉我迟到的理由。
【易错题2】Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago
A. where B. when C. that D. what
【解析】考生容易误选A项，误以为先行词是表示地点的名词，就用关系副词where引导定语从句。分析定语从句的句子成分，可以看出定语从句缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that引导定语从句，that作visit的宾语。
【答案】C
【易错题3】A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ”
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【答案】C
【错因透视】理解题干的真正含义，准确判断定语从句前面的介词和副词，是做这类试题的关键。
易错点2 混淆as和which引导的非限制性定语从句
【易错题l】I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
【错因透视】as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语或宾语。as引导的定语从句常带有“正如，正像”的意思，可置于句首；而which不可置于句首，非限制性定语从句含有贬义时一般不用as引导，而用which。如：The sun heats the earth，which is very important to us．太阳照耀大地，这对我们来说是很重要的。As we know，smoking is harmful to one’s health．正如我们所知道的，吸烟对人的健康是有害的。
易错点3忽视关系代词that与which的区别
【易错题l】Qingdao is the most satisfactory place _____ we’re going to visit.
A. which 　　B. where 　　C. that 　　D. in which
(1)先行词是all，everything，something，anything，nothing，none，few，little，much等不定代词，或是先行词被all，every，some，any，no，few，little等不定代词修饰时。Is there anything(that)I can do for you in town
(2)先行词被形容词最高级或有序数词the first，the second…，the last修饰时。如：This is thebest film(that)I have ever seen．
易错点4混淆whose与其他引导词
【易错题】Many children, _______ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
易错点5对关系代词前面的介词选择有误
【易错题】Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
【解析】考生容易误选B项，以为是argue with固定搭配。argue with意思是“与(某人)争论”。在本句中先行词是物，关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，介词与从句动词构成搭配argue about sth．，意思是“争论某事”。
【答案】C
【错因透视】‘‘介词+which／whom”引导定语从句主要有下列三种情况：
(1)定语从句中关系代词前的介词取决于与定语从句中谓语动词的搭配。如：The scientist built atelescope through which he could study the sky．这位科学家造了一架望远镜，通过它来研究天空。
(2)定语从句中关系代词前的介词的选择取决于与先行词的搭配或具有的某种联系。如：This is the house in which he wrote the famous novel．(=This is the house where he wrote the famous novel．)他就是在这所房子里写的那本著名小说。
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）There was a tree in front of the house, ______ owner was seen sitting under it, enjoying the shade.
A．where B．whose C．which D．that
【答案】B
【解析】 考查定语从句。“____ owner was seen sitting under it” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 tree, whose 在从句中作定语。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）Is that house ______ door is painted red your mother’s
A．which B．what C．whose D．what
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）The man answered the phone in a loud voice at the meeting, ______ made Andy annoyed.
A．that B．what C．who D．which
【答案】D
【解析】 考查定语从句。由该空前面的逗号可知，此处是 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，代指前面整句话。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）The Great Wall is the place ______ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.
A．why B．which C．when D． where
【答案】B
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“____ almost all tourists would like to visit” 为定语从句，修饰先行词 the place，关系代词在从句中充当 visit 的宾语，因此选B。
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）American Thanksgiving Day, ______ falls on Nov. 24 this year, takes on an entirely different look in China.
A．that B．when C．which D．what
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）A good advertisement often uses words ______ people attach positive meanings.
A．that B．which
C．with which D．to which
【答案】D
【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：一则好广告经常使用那些人们赋予积极含义的话语。attach...to...“把……附到……上”， “______ people attach positive meanings” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 words。
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）The average rainfall in Ningxia is small, ______ makes the climate here drier ______ with other places in China.
A．that; compared B．which; comparing
C．which; compared D．that; comparing
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）Soon children in the camp had many new friends, ______ they shared food, stories and projects.
A．for which B．with whom
C．of which D．to whom
【答案】B
【解析】 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析句子成分可知此处先行词为 friends，从句中有短语 share sth. with sb.，故此处用 “with＋whom” 引导非限制性定语从句。
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）The course normally attracts 200 students per year, ______ up to half come from overseas.
A．in which B．for whom
C．with which D．of whom
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）In the UK, what impressed me most was the student activity, ______ I got lots of information.
A．when B．that C．which D．where
【答案】D
【解析】 考查定语从句。本句的后半部分是非限制性定语从句，用来修饰先行词 the student activity，where 在从句中作状语，表示抽象的地点。
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）A survey was conducted in Shanghai ______ interviewees were asked if they wanted to be a factory worker.
A．when B．which C．that D．where
【答案】D
【解析】 考查定语从句。先行词为 survey，关系词在从句中作状语，因此使用关系副词，先排除B和C；空处表示在调查中，因此使用 where，也可用 in which。
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）The city was attacked by ______ terrible weather ______ few citizens had ever experienced before.
A．so; as B．so; that C．such; that D．such; as
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）About 1.62 million Chinese students went abroad to study between 1978 and 2009, ______ only 497,400 have come back.
A．who B．among whom
C．among which D．in whom
【答案】B
【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：在1978年到2009年期间，大约有162万中国学生出国学习，其中回国的只有497400人。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 students，且由句意可知应选用介词 among，故B项正确。
I'll never forget the days ____ I learned hard in my senior high school, ____ changed my whole life.
A．that; which B．when; which
C．which; when D．that; that
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）The old lady, all of ______ children had been killed in the earthquake, was given help by the local government.
A．her B．whom C．whose D．which2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
13阅读理解（教师版）
易错点睛：
在做阅读理解的过程中，同学们由于受到各种情况的影响，常会出现这样或那样的错误，导致失分。通过分析发现，失分点主要有：
易错点1、只见树木．不见森林，误把细节当主题
There are two main reasons for this. Firstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However，fewer than l％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.
75. What might be the best title for the text
A. How to Save Rainforests
B. How to Protect Nature
C. Rainforests and the Environment
D. Rainforests and Medical Development
易错点2主观臆断，忽视逻辑
I love charity(慈善) shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.
The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful it had been flooded with donations(捐赠物). They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.
Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.
The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding（资助）medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.
42. Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops
A. The operating costs are very low.
B. The staff are usually well paid.
C. 90% of the donations are second-hand.
D. They are open twenty-four hours a day.
易错点3、没有根据文章中的有效信息进行合理推断
It was the first mow of winter -- an exciting day for every, child but not for most tether. Up until now, l had been able to dress myself for recess(课间休息), but today I would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher at Princess Elizabeth School near Hamilton, Ontario, had been through first snow days ,tony times in her long career, but I think struggled still remember this one.
I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I straggled with my jacket because it didn’t fit well. It was a hand-me-down from my brother, and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots. In her calm, motherly voice she said, "By the end of winter, you will be able to put on own boots. “ I didn’t realize at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.
I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot. Like most children, I expected the adult to do an the work. After mush wiggling and pushing, she managed to get first one into place and then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.
I announced，“They’re on the wrong feet．”With the grace that only experience can bring，she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again．Then I said，“These aren’t my boots．you know．”As she pulled the offending boots from my feet，she still managed to look both helpful and interested．Once they were off．I said，“They are my brother’s boots．My mother makes me wear them，and I hate them!” Somehow，from long years of practice，she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl．She pushed and shoved．less gently this time，and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet．With a great sigh of relief，seeing the end of her struggle with me，she asked，“Now，where are your gloves ’’
I looked into her eyes and said．“I didn’t want to lose them．so I put them into the toes of my boots．”
61．What made it so hard for the teacher to help the little girl put her boots on
A．The gloves in the toes of the boots． B．The slowness of the teacher．
C．The wrong size of the boots． D．The unwillingness of the girl．
易错点4、不能根据前后文的语境猜测词义
I stood watching her, speechless .What on earth
She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, “Now hear this! All objects in this room-if you do anything to upset my husband , out you go!”
Then she turned to me, kissed me, and said calmly, “Honey, you just have to learn how to take control.” With that, she left the room.
After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood（情绪）had changed. I was laughing. How could I have trouble with that phone Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. Twenty minutes later my agent did call. I was able to listen to him and talk to him calmly.
59. What does the underlined word “antics” refer to
A. Smart words.
B. Unusual actions.
C. Surprising looks.
D. Anxious feelings.
意义。
一般说来，正确猜测词义的方法主要有：
4．通过上下文的联系猜测词义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此，考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而猜潮词义。这是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是近年来高考考查的热点。
5．通过经验及生活常识猜测词义。在做阅读理解题时，考生有时可以运用自身的实际生活经验及生活常识猜测词义。
跟踪练习
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）
A
Nowadays a growing number of grass roots entertainers are stepping into the public eye. Although a sudden success provides quick fame, experts say not all the rising stars will have a promising future.
The grass roots band Xu Ri Yang Gang, meaning the rising sun in Chinese, suddenly became popular after uploading a video of them singing “In the Spring”. Actually, they have never stopped struggling to realize their dreams. After that they were frequently invited to big media events in China, like the CCTV Spring Festival Gala.
Another fairy story is the case of the rising star Susan Boyle. She came to international public attention after appearing as a candidate on Britain’s Got Talent in 2009, singing “I Dreamed a Dream” from Les Miserables. Her first album became the biggest selling album in the world in 2009, selling 9 million copies.
As for Chinese grass roots stars, experts say besides big dreams, they need more original compositions to achieve big results.
56．What would be the best title for the text
A．Rising grass roots stars
B．Comparison of grass roots stars
C．Ways of grass roots getting famous
D．Differences between grass roots stars’ lives
59．It can be inferred from the text that ______.
A．grass roots stars can’t have a promising future at all
B．most of grass roots stars have got professional skills
C．grass roots stars need to focus more on their original works
D．talent show is the only way for grass roots stars to become popular
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）
B
·Item 78431 The Video Camera Pen
$ 129.95; Available for Immediate Shipment; Order by Phone: 1-800-321-1484
This is the pen that has a built-in video camera, capturing videos or still images with a click of its button. Ideal for use while secured in a pocket, it can capture up to five hours of video. Its battery provides up to two hours of power before requiring a recharge.
·Item 78098 The Wristwatch Camcorder
$ 149.95; Available for 3-day Shipment; Order by Phone 1-800-321-1484
This is the men’s watch with an unnoticeable camera located at the two-o’clock position, yet the watch’s hands never make it covered. So you’ll be always ready to capture a famous person or a pet’s ridiculous actions. The camera’s rechargeable battery provides up to two hours of. use from a four-hour charge.
·Item 77918 The only 55 Inch Widescreen Personal Movie Theater
$ 249.95; Available for Immediate Shipment; Order by Phone: 1-800-321-1484
This is the only personal media viewer that provides a private viewing experience just like watching a widescreen 55 inch television from 10 meters away. It connects to a video iPod, iPhone or portable DVD player, with two AA batteries providing up to six hours of continuous operation and an iPod cable.
·Item 77281 The Digital Photo Album Watch
62．If you’re a movie fan, you probably show strong interest in ______.
A．Item 78098 B．Item 77918
C．Item 77281 D．Item 78431
63．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．In fact, Item 78098 cannot tell time.
B．Item 77918 works as a DVD player.
C．In a way, Item 77281 is user-friendly.
D．All the items include rechargeable batteries.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要向读者介绍了四条销售广告信息。
60．B 写作意图题。从全文特别是每段的 Order by Phone 可知，本文主要是为一些商品做广告，故选B项。
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）
C
More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.
The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.
“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America. “Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”
The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $ 58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation（基金会）, and not to his children.
“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact,” he said.
Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage ... they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”
60．From the last paragraph, we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ______.
A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children
B．the positive impact of charity on society
C．the way of giving back to society
D．the importance of independence for children
【解题导语】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。
57．B 推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。
58．C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。
(北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语)
D
The brown widow spider became established in Southern California in early 2000 and has become part of the local spider family in urban Los Angeles arid San Diego. The brown widow spider is continuing its expansion in Southern California and could possibly move northward into central California.
The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches. Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots, mail boxes, entry way corners, under eaves, storage closets and garages, undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods, and the undersides of outdoor furniture. They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and therefore, appear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned.
One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species. The reason for the weaker effect of brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives, but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison. The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite are that the bite hurt when it is given and it leaves a red mark. These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.
67．The author wrote this article to ______.
A．announce the result of a research on spiders
B．introduce the ways to get rid of the spiders
C．report a new finding of the widow species
D．warn readers against the brown widow
68．From the passage we can conclude that ______.
A．brown widows are possibly spreading northward
B．brown widows originated from Africa
C．brown widows now can be found in all countries
D．there used to be no brown widows in North America
69．The third paragraph is mainly about ______.
A．the brown widow’s web building
B．the characteristics of the brown widow
C．the habitat preferences of the brown widow
D．the brown widow’s threat to human beings
70．It can be inferred that ______.
A．brown widows can be killed with any farm chemicals
B．at present people can only control brown widow spiders
C．the brown widow has more poison than the black widow
D．victims bitten by the brown widow needn’t see the doctor
(南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语)
E
Once when I was six years old, I saw an amazing picture in a book called True Stories from Nature about the primeval forest. It was a picture of a boa constrictor（大蟒蛇）in the act of swallowing an animal. In the book it said:”Boa constrictors swallow their prey wholly without chewing it. After that they are not able to move and they sleep through the six months that they need for digestion.”
I thought deeply then over the adventures of the jungle. And after some work with a colored pencil, I succeeded in making my first drawing, my Drawing Number One. I showed my work to the grown-ups and asked them whether the drawing frightened them. But they answered:”Frighten Why should anyone be frightened by a hat ”
My drawing was not a picture of a hat. It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant. But since the grown-ups were not able to understand it, I made another drawing. I drew the inside of the boa constrictor so that the grown-ups could see it clearly. They always need to have things explained. That’s my Drawing Number Two.
The grown-ups’ response this time was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors whether from the inside or the outside and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar. That is why at the age of six I gave up the dream that I might have been a great painter. I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and my Drawing Number Two. Grown-ups never understand anything by themselves and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.
67．The writer drew his first picture in order to ______.
A．show the grown-ups what the book was about
B．frighten the grown-ups trying to enter the forest
C．remind himself of the adventures of the jungle
D．illustrate a boa constrictor’s act of digesting an animal
68．How did the writer understand the grown-ups’ response to his second drawing
A．He was actually only good at academic study.
B．It was a waste of time for him to keep on drawing.
C．He had difficulty in communicating with the adults.
D．He was good at anything but geography.
69．The underlined word “disheartened” in Paragraph 4 could most probably be replaced by ______.
A．discouraged B．dissatisfied
C．discriminated D．disturbed
70．Which of the following statements is true
A．The writer could have become a pilot if encouraged when young.
B．The writer finally changed his opinion of grown-ups.
C．The writer has been showing his two pictures to others ever since.
D．The writer felt nobody could have really understood him.2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
10连词与状语从句（学生版）
考前必读
从句高考研究英语中的连词用法比较复杂。同一个连词可以表达不同的意思，同一个意思可以用不同的连词进行表达，因此在学习连词时应注意以下几点：熟练掌握每一个连词的不同意义和用法；掌握同一意义可以运用不同的连词；同一意义可以运用不同的句式表达等等。高考中对于连词的考查主要表现在对于并列连词和从属连词的用法和辨析上进行考查。这是考试的重点和难点所在。状语从句一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。预测今后高考主要考查在具体的语境中连词的正确使用。
易错点睛
易错点2受思维定势的影响，误选了状语从句的连词
【易错题】Peter was so excited_______he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A. where B. that C. why D. when
易错点3混淆引导时间状语从句的连词before，while。until，once．since等
易错点4混淆引导条件状语从句和引导其他状语从句的连词
【易错题1】The medicine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it.
A. as B. until C. although D. if
易错点6 混淆where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句
【易错题】---Mom,what did your doctor say -He advised me to live ___the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
易错点7混淆原因状语从句和其他状语从句
【易错题1】Did you return Fred’s call
—I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. unless
C. when D. because
【易错题2】Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. 2008年江西卷
A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）The reason for Tom’s failure in the exam was ______ he didn’t work hard.
A．why B．because C．whether D．that
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）You deserve a good rest ______ you’ve finished the work.
A．unless B．while
C．now that D．even if
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）You can’t believe how terrible the fire is ______ you see it with your own eyes.
A．though B．because C．unless D．since
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is obvious that people hold different opinions about ______ voluntary services should be financially rewarded.
A．that B．what C．how D．whether
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）______ private cars are bringing us convenience, they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution.
A．While B．As C．If D．Since
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I usually take something to read when I travel by train ______ I feel bored.
A．as if B．so that
C．in case D．even though
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I never saw him, ______ I can remember, reading anything but newspapers.
A．as far as B．as soon as
C．unless D．until
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）The US Army suffered a record 32 suicides in July 2011, the most ______ it began publishing monthly figures in 2009.
A．since B．when C．while D．though2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
7选5阅读理解（教师版）
考前必读
2008年宁夏推出了阅读理解新题型,2009年辽宁省也选用了这一题型,"如果希望明确、深刻地理解一篇文章,必须对文章的结构有所了解,把握住全篇的文脉,即句与句.段与段之间的逻辑关系."是《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（宁夏卷)说明》中的要求.阅读填空题就很好地体现了这一要求。
易错点睛
根据出题形式的不同,填空类题型可以分为句子填空题,段落摘要,带选项的段落摘要等题型。.传统的分题型讲解的方法倾向于把这些题型拆开,这些题型的出题思路大同小异,一旦掌握了这些题目的共性,做题就会变得易如反掌。
1．考查内容均为细节
每一道填空题的题目基本上都是对原文的一句话或者几句话进行的同义改写,不会出现对多句话或者是整段进行的概括归纳.
2．所填答案基本唯一
虽然这种考试需要考生自己书写答案,但是所有答案均来自于原文,不需要考生用自己的语言对原词进行改写.极个别情况下会出现词序颠倒,但是基本上不需要考生进行词性.时态.单复数等曲折形式的转换.这是由阅读的目的所决定的,只考查考生的阅读能力,而无意检验考生的写作能力.
3．凸显构成语段的方式
一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,我们在分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非矴逦 只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章.
通过对高考中“七选五”型阅读理原题以及大量同类试题研究可知，此类试题虽然新颖，但是也有其特有的解题规律，主要注重解题的窍门和方法，成功闯关，选准答案的难度并不大。 根据作者归纳的解题方法和窍门，为帮助同学们记忆和使用，特将此方法归结为“通读全文、详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排除”五步解题法。以下就此方法进行分析，希望此方法能为同学们的解题提供助力。
　　文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。
　　步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。
　　在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。
　　步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
　　在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
步骤五：确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
在检查后，应再次查看所排除选项，进一步确定排除理由，以防造成易混选项误选。
跟踪练习：
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger. Most people don’t have enough time to read the articles, so they only read the headlines. On TV and the radio, newsreaders speak more quickly than ten years ago. In the USA, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions（版本）of traditional stories, specially written for “busy parents” who want to save time! Some answer phones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay people’s messages faster — we cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed! 74 Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they spent seconds looking at each picture. Today they spend just three seconds! Nowadays, many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball.
74．C 上文列举了人们快节奏的生活方式，C项是对其作进一步举例说明。而且根据该空线后三句的内容也可知此处表示“即使在休闲娱乐时，人们也保持着快节奏的生活方式”。
75．F 下文提到，因交通状况越来越差，我们开车慢了下来。只有F能起到承上启下的作用。
北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the freeway. 75 It is guessed that an automated freeway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day freeway.
A．Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay.
B．The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements.
C．One proposed solution to this problem is the automated freeway system.
D．Experts have different views on what role autos will play in the near future.
E．The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years.
F．Drivers in the freeway system can sit back and do nothing but control the direction.
G．The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the sound speaker that will warn him of his coming exit.
【解题导语】 有些专家认为汽车将会逐渐消失，而有些专家认为在不久的将来汽车仍然是处于主导地位的交通工具。不管怎样，未来的汽车将更加环保，更加智能。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Pleasing Sound of a Rainstick
A stick is a long tube that is hollow, with small sticks or other materials pushed inside so that it has a somewhat smooth surface on the outside, but small barriers inside. These can be in a lined pattern, for a specific sound, or placed at random for a more varied effect. It is then filled with a variety of different things, like small stones, or beads（珠子）, or even rice, and the ends are capped to provide a seal. 71
The origins of rainsticks are not really known and so the stories are quite varied. Some people say that the ancient people of Chile created rainsticks from dried cactus（仙人掌）, with the sharp points taken off, pushed back inside and then filled with small stones. 72 The Deaguita Indians survive even today, and they are still using them in many of their rain ceremonies. They also make them as musical instruments.
73 Turning the stick over quickly will produce a higher sound, while turning it slowly will produce a deeper effect. How long the effect lasts depends on how long the instrument is. The tube also affects the quality of the rain sound as well. If you make them from some kind of absorbent material, like cactus or bamboo, you will hear it better than if you were to make it from cardboard tubes.
A rainstick can be made from almost any kind of material and the types of things that you can use as fillings can be even more varied. 74 Usually, these school projects are made using a cardboard tube, like the center from a roll of toilet paper or a paper towel tube. Toothpicks are then inserted, with the exposed ends cut off and glued in place. 75
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一种叫雨棒的乐器，它能发出雨声。
71．B 第一段介绍雨棒的构造及发音原理，B项中的 “these materials” 指的是上文的 “small stones, or beads（珠子）, or even rice”，由此可知选B。
72．C 根据下文的 “they are still using them in many of their rain ceremonies.” 提示可知应选C。注意关键词 ceremonies。
73．E 根据下一句 “Turning the stick over quickly will produce a higher sound, while turning it slowly will produce a deeper effect.” 可知应选E，翻转雨棒的速度决定着雨声的大小。
74．A 根据下文的 “these school projects” 可知应选A。
75．D 此处介绍常见的雨棒的制作方法，结合第一段的内容可知，接下来应是堵上一端，里面装上大米或豆之类的东西，然后密封上另一端，因此选D。
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
·shows signs of having a severe allergic reaction
·has been stung by several insects at the same time
·has been stung in the mouth or throat, where the swelling can interfere with breathing
Medicines
74 A cream or ointment containing hydrocortisone（氢化可的松）can help reduce swelling and inflammation. You can buy low-dose hydrocortisone cream over the counter but don’t use it on children under 10, or on your face or on broken or infected skin. Over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol（醋氨酚）can relieve some of the discomfort.
Always ask your doctor for advice and read the patient information that comes with your medicine.
Prevention of bites and stings
You can reduce your risk of insect bites and stings by:
·Wearing insect repellent
· 75
·Wearing long sleeves and trousers if out in the evening
·Keeping picnic foods covered up as much as possible — sweet foods and drinks attract insects.
A．Treatment for bites and stings
B．Don’t apply any medicine to the infected area.
C．You may wish to use a local anaesthetic（麻醉剂）spray to reduce pain.
D．These don’t usually need any treatment and clear up within a day or so.
E．Sleeping under a suitable net if mosquitoes are a problem at night
F．In the UK, the threat to health from animal bites and stings is relatively low.
G．However, in some people they can cause severe reactions, so it’s important to know what to do if this happens.
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most people would agree teens today have more choices than ever before. To avoid burnout, teens should pick and choose carefully. 71 Joining a local community（社区）club is an easy way to get involved and have some fun without a lot of stress.
4．Places of Worship（崇拜）
Many worship places like churches have specific clubs and groups associated with their community, 75 For example, church groups aimed at teens usually seek to provide fun, safe activities such as movie nights or day trips.
A．Community Centres
B．Children’s Palace
C．But these groups don’t necessarily take religion as the main focus.
D．However, there’re often a number of clubs available for teens as well.
E．Joining a local club may seem scary to teens who are unsure of what’s available.
F．Gone are the days of absolute silence and only “improving” books on the shelves.
G．Only choose those activities in which they are truly interested and for which they have the time.
【解题导语】 如今的青少年既然有了更多的选择自由，为何不加入当地的社区俱乐部呢？这样既可以融入团体，又能够摆脱烦忧。
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. 71 They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
72 For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education, which is very different from traditional education. These students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. 73 They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. 74 Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.
You now know what open education is, whose good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. I think that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. 75 I believe that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
A．Many teachers do not believe in open education.
B．Open education. is better than traditional education.
C．But many students will not do well in an open classroom
D．Some students will be happier in an open education school.
E．The teachers’ feeling and attitudes are important to the students.
F．In fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school.
G．For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom.2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题03 形容词与副词（学生版）
考前必读
形容词和副词是中学英语的重要组成部分，也是高考考查的热点之一。主要考查形容词、副词的基本用法及其比较等级。主要考查形容词比较级、同级比较时倍数及名词的位置、副词(词组)的意思、用法及位置等；比较等级及其修饰语；在特定的语境中选择恰当的词语。
其中，词义辨析是重中之重，因此考生在复习备考时应注意对常见词义的记忆。
易错点睛
【易错题2】Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time, to my surprise, he arrived on time.
A. little B. much C. ever D. even
【易错题3】It’s high time you had your hair cut ; it’s getting .
A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much
【易错题2】The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride .
A. most B. more C. less D. little
易错点4 没有掌握表示倍数关系的句型
【易错题】I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______.
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）We put our books in the bookcase to keep them ______ from dust.
A．empty B．free C．loose D．short
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）My mother seems ______ for a woman for her age.
A．enough energetic still B．enough still energetic
C．still energetic enough D．still enough energetic
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I’m ______ about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others’ feelings.
A．enthusiastic B．curious
C．doubtful D．cautious
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）What parents say and do in daily life usually has a (n) ______ influence on their child.
A．practical B．avoidable C．beneficial D．permanent
（湖北省孝感市2012届高中三年级第一次统一考试英语）Sadly the reading room where Karl Marx did a lot of reading had moved from its ______ place into another building.
A．primary B．temporary C．traditional D．original
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）I can’t say a thank-you ______ much. I couldn’t have succeeded without your help.
A．too B．quite C．that D．very
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）We have our bad times but on the whole we’re ______ happy.
A．rarely B．merely C．fairly D．chiefly
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）—Have you read the newly published novel by J.K. Rowling
—Yes. I ______ recommend this book to anyone who is sick of the same old stories.
A．briefly B．instantly C． fully D．awfully2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
10连词与状语从句（教师版）
考前必读
从句高考研究英语中的连词用法比较复杂。同一个连词可以表达不同的意思，同一个意思可以用不同的连词进行表达，因此在学习连词时应注意以下几点：熟练掌握每一个连词的不同意义和用法；掌握同一意义可以运用不同的连词；同一意义可以运用不同的句式表达等等。高考中对于连词的考查主要表现在对于并列连词和从属连词的用法和辨析上进行考查。这是考试的重点和难点所在。状语从句一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。预测今后高考主要考查在具体的语境中连词的正确使用。
易错点睛
易错点1 没有搞清楚题干的逻辑关系，误选了并列连词
【易错题1】The artist was born poor, poor he remained all his life.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
(3)and连接两个定语从句时，and后面的引导词不可省略。如：This is the paper I read every dayand which I find SO interesting．这就是我每天都读的报纸，我发现这份报纸是那样的有趣。
【易错题2】We're going to the bookstore in John's car. You can come with us ___ you can meet us there later.
A. but B. and C. or D. then
(4)or用在特殊疑问句中表示选择，提出几种情况供对方作出答复。如：Which fruit do you like，oranges or apples 你喜欢哪种水果，橘子还是苹果 I like apples better．我更喜欢苹果。
【易错题3】12. In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but B. while C. because D. though
【解析】考生容易误选A项，误认为句子前后是转折关系。while表示对比，意思是“而”。
【答案】B
易错点2受思维定势的影响，误选了状语从句的连词
【易错题】Peter was so excited_______he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A. where B. that C. why D. when
【解析】考生容易误选B项，误以为这里是so．．．that…结构。句意：当彼得收到他朋友邀请他去重庆参观的时候，他非常兴奋。when在此引导了一个时间状语从句。
【答案】D
易错点3混淆引导时间状语从句的连词before，while。until，once．since等
【易错题1】---Are you ready for Spain？
--Yes, I want the girls to experience that ___ they are young.
A. while B. until C. if D. before
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是对句子的逻辑关系没有弄清楚。while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……时候”。此处指“正当她们年轻的时候”。
【答案】A
【易错题2】It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ____ we’ve actually had that lesson.
A. until B. after C. since D. when
【易错题3】You will be successful in the interview you have confidence.
A.before B.once C.until D.though
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是仅仅从字面上理解，而误解了句子的意思，认为是“直到你有了自信，你才能……”。句意：一旦你有信心，你在面试中就会成功。once引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。before意为“在……之前”，表示主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在从句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前。until引导的时间状语从句表示“直到……为止”。though引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然……但是……”。
【答案】B
【错因透视】once引导的状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来的动作，意为“一旦……就……”。如：Once youshow any fear，he will attack you．一旦你表现出胆怯，他就会攻击你。Once printed，this dictionary will be very popular!一旦出版，这部词典将会非常畅销!另外，once还可以用作副词和名词，意为“一次，从前，曾经”。如：Once a month，he has to collect money fromhis customers．每月一次，他得去向顾客收钱。Once a year a race is held for old cars．每年举行一次旧式小汽车比赛。
易错点4混淆引导条件状语从句和引导其他状语从句的连词
【易错题1】The medicine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it.
A. as B. until C. although D. if
易错点5 对引导让步状语从句的连词感到陌生而导致误选
【易错题l】______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是对句子的意思和各个连词的含义把握不准。句意：尽管警察认为他是最有可能的一个，但是因为还没有确切的证据，所以就不能逮捕他。although在此引导让步状语从句。as long as只要；if only只要；但愿；as soon as……·就……。
【答案】A。
【易错题2】______the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
易错点6 混淆where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句
【易错题】---Mom,what did your doctor say -He advised me to live ___the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
易错点7混淆原因状语从句和其他状语从句
【易错题1】Did you return Fred’s call
—I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. unless
C. when D. because
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是对题干的逻辑关系没有分析清楚。because引导了一个原因状语从句，表示“因为”。though虽然；unless除非；when当……时候。
【答案】D
【错因透视】连词because后接原因状语从句，表示“因为”。而because of是介词短语，后面要接名词作介词的宾语。如：I couldn’t feel anger against him because I liked him very much．我不能对他生气，因为我非常喜欢他。
【易错题2】Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. 2008年江西卷
A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that
易错点8 混淆引导目的状语从句和其他状语从句的连词
【易错题1】I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early ____ I can have time for a cup of tea.　 （05北京）
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
【易错题2】He whispered to his wife he might wake up the sleeping baby .
A．so that B．on condition that C．for fear that D．so long as
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是对题干和连词的意思把握不够准确。for fear that意为“唯恐”，“以防”，引导目的状语从句。
【答案】C
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）The reason for Tom’s failure in the exam was ______ he didn’t work hard.
A．why B．because C．whether D．that
【答案】D
【解析】 考查连词用法。“he didn’t work hard” 是 that 引导的表语从句。“the reason for... is/was that...” 表示“……的原因是……”。
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）You deserve a good rest ______ you’ve finished the work.
A．unless B．while
C．now that D．even if
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）______ bad weather stops me, I take exercise outdoors every morning.
A．Unless B．Since C．If D．Though
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）Start out right away, ______ you’ll miss the last train.
A．and B．but C．while D．or
【答案】D
【解析】 考查连词。从句意“马上动身，否则你会赶不上最后一班火车的”可知，此处应选 or，表示“否则”。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）______ interesting the film is, I won’t waste any time on it.
A．No matter B．Whatever C．Whichever D．However
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）You can’t believe how terrible the fire is ______ you see it with your own eyes.
A．though B．because C．unless D．since
【答案】C
【解析】 考查连词的用法。句意：你很难相信大火有多么可怕，除非你亲眼看到。unless 表示“除非”，符合句意。
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）The man could hardly imagine ______ connection his son could have had with the murder.
A．whether B．that C．which D．what
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ you are familiar with the author’s ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.
A．Now that B．Ever since
C．In case D．As long as
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is obvious that people hold different opinions about ______ voluntary services should be financially rewarded.
A．that B．what C．how D．whether
【答案】D
【解析】 考查连词用法。句意：显然人们对志愿服务是否应该得到经济报偿持有不同的观点。此处 whether 表示“是否”。
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is easy to be thankful for the good things, ______ a life of rich fulfillment comes to those who are also thankful for the setbacks.
A．that B．which C．while D．when
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）Mrs. Black had such a wonderful time ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A．when B．that C．which D．as
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词用法。句意：布莱克夫人去年在悉尼看望她的朋友时过得很愉快。“she visited her friends in Sydney last year” 是 when 引导的时间状语从句。
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）______ private cars are bringing us convenience, they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution.
A．While B．As C．If D．Since
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I usually take something to read when I travel by train ______ I feel bored.
A．as if B．so that
C．in case D．even though
【答案】C
【解析】 考查状语从句。语意：乘火车旅行时我通常带一些书阅读以防无聊。A“好像，似乎”；B“以便”；C“以防万一”；D“尽管，虽然”。根据语意可知C项正确。
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I never saw him, ______ I can remember, reading anything but newspapers.
A．as far as B．as soon as
C．unless D．until
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词。语意：根据我的印象，我从来没见过他阅读除报纸以外的东西。as far as I can remember 表示“据我所记得的”，符合语意。
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）Please arrange an interview with the manager tomorrow, or ______ it is convenient to him.
A．whenever B．however C．whichever D．wherever
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）______ on, the trees turned green.
A．When spring coming B．Spring comes
C．When spring to come D．Spring coming
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：春天来了，树木变绿了。本句的前半部分是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，相当于状语从句。
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）—The experiment is of particular importance.
—I see. We will carry on with it ______ we can get enough money or not.
A．unless B．whether C．though D．until
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）The US Army suffered a record 32 suicides in July 2011, the most ______ it began publishing monthly figures in 2009.
A．since B．when C．while D．though
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词用法。句意：美军2011年7月份的自杀记录是32人，是从2009年开始公开月度数据后最多的。since 表示“自从”，符合句意。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
7情态动词和虚拟语气（学生版）
考前必读
高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。
易错点睛
易错点1 混淆“情态动词+have done”各种句式的不同含义
【易错题4】—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. must D. might
【易错题5】-Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
-Thanks. You______it. I could manage it myself.　
A．needn't do B．needn't have done C．mustn't do D．shouldn't have done
易错点2对情态动词的基本用法掌握不熟练
【易错题l】— It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here.
— Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will C. may D. need
易错点3 对虚拟语气在条件句中应用的基本用法了解不够
【易错题1】This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
易错点4 忽视名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法
【易错题】The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【易错题2】How I wish every family ___ a large house with a beautiful garden!（上海春招)
A．has B．had C．will have D．had had
【易错题3】It is important that we ．
A．shall close the window before we leave B．will close the window before we 1eave
C．must close the window before we leave D．close the window before we 1eave
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）I was busy the other day, otherwise I ______ to help you.
A．would have come B．would come
C．had come D．came
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）The driver ______ have drunk a lot before the accident, but I am not quite sure of that.
A．might B．must C．should D．would
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Why are you in such a hurry
—Don’t you remember that we ______ be home by 8 p. m. to see our favorite TV show
A．can B．would C．must D．may
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—God! My cell phone is missing.
— You ______ have left it at home. I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.
A．shall B．must C．would D．could
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Life ______ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in the winter.
—Yes, the weather there ______ be as low as 60℃ below zero.
A．must; can B．shall; must
C．will; should D．has to; can
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention ______ before class.
A．to underlined B．was underlined
C．to be underlined D．to being underlined
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）I’m really very busy, otherwise I ______ certainly go there with you.
A．can B．shall C．will D．would
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Let’s play football together tomorrow afternoon.
—OK, but how I wish I ______ it as skillfully as you.
A．played B．have played
C．had played D．will play
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
9名词性从句（学生版）
考前必读
名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点；二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法
易错点睛
易错点4 混淆引导名词性从句的连词和连接副词
【易错题】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see___ it got any better.
A. when B. how C. why D. if
跟踪练习
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）Whom do you expect to have ______ the problem of over-loaded school buses
A．solve B．to solve C．solved D．solving
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—What has made him look like lacking sleep
—______ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a night to attend to her.
A．For B．Because C．That D．What
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）More than 200 million people in China suffer high blood pressure, and 70% of them are unaware of the fact ______ they have the illness.
A．what B．when C．how D．that
—When shall we gather again
—Anytime _______ we are engaged in our work.
A. except that B. except when C. except it D. except for
—Excuse me，sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station
—Sorry，I'm a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask，I'm afraid，________ is a native.
A．someone B．whoever C．who D．whomever
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.
A．It B．That C．Such D．What2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
11特殊句式和情景交际（学生版）
考前必读
高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有
易错点睛：
易错点1 忽视否定词位于句首要用倒装的用法
易错点2 没有掌握so…that…和such…that…的倒装结构
【易错题】So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was
易错点3对“only+状语”位于句首的倒装模棱两可
【易错题】Only when I left my parents for Italy __ how much I loved them.
A. I realized B. I had realized
C. had I realized D. did I realize
易错点4 忽视表示地点的介词短语、表示方向或时间的副词位于句首时要用倒装的用法：
【易错题】Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____.
A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief
C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief
易错点5没有掌握强调句式
易错点6不熟悉省略句式
【易错题1】-----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday
----- Yes, _____, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible
【易错题2】What would have happened _____, as far as the river bank
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
易错点7 混淆祈使句和非谓语动词结构
【易错题】_______ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about Firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D.Search
易错点8 忽视英汉文化差异而造成误选
【易错题】—— Could you be so kind as to close the window
——
A．With pleasure B．Go ahead C．Yas，Please D．That’s OK
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）By no means ______ true that all English people know their own language well.
A．is that B．that is C．is it D．it is
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Not until ______ school ______ how much their teachers loved them and helped them.
A．they left; did they realize
B．did they leave; did they realize
C．they left; had they realized
D．they left; they realized
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）No one can walk the wire in the air without a bit of fear unless ______ very young.
A．having trained B．trained
C．to be trained D．being trained
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）—$ 100, but that is my last offer.
—______
A．Good idea! B．What did you say
C．Oh, it’s up to you. D．OK, it’s a deal.
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）—We just had a terrible accident.
—______ But it’s good to see you are all right.
A．Take it easy. B．I’m sorry to hear that.
C．Don’t be afraid. D．It doesn’t matter.
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Do you think I should join he singing group, Mary
—______ If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.
A．None of your business. B．It depends.
C．Why not D．I don’t think so.
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）—Wang Ming, will you take part in the coming National English Proficiency Contest
— ______ We should catch the precious chance.
A．Out of the question! B．That’s for sure.
C．So what D．Why bother 2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
12完形填空（教师版）
考前必读
完形填空题以语篇为单位，是一种集单项选择和阅读理解为一体的考查考生语言综合能力的测试题。它不仅能考查考生对英语语法、词汇知识和简单表达形式的掌握情况，还能考查考生的阅读理解能力、分析判断能力和综合运用语言的能力等。一些常见的错误有:
易错点睛
【易错点睛】完形填空题以情景交际选择为主，常识、惯用语、语法分析为辅。以意群分析为主，单句理解为辅，以逾越句子层次理解为主，以句子层次理解为辅，这一命题思路正反映了高考英语“突出语篇，注重语境”的命题风格与考查要求。所以做完形填空题必须注意研究上下文的语境，把握整个语篇的逻辑关系，多数答案基本上都能从上下文中找到提示点。
易错点2没有利用首句提示的作用去推测文章的相关信息
Children find meanings in their old family tales.
The 41 took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to a 42 house from a more expensive and comfortable one.
41. A. tale B. agreement C. arrangement D. report
【解析】短文的首句Children find meanings in their old family tales.是全文的主题，据此可知本文主要讲孩子们认为家庭先辈的故事有教育意义。根据句首的提示，第41题应选择A项。语境为当Guyer先生不久前把他的家从一个豪华舒适的房子搬到一个小房子的时候，这个故事就具有了一种新的含义”。
【答案】A
【易错点睛】完形填空题的第一句都是一个完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。如果学生能在考试中把握高考完形填空题的这一特点，就能够对文章有一个初步的了解，树立全局意识，并且对于梳理上下文的脉络、抓住文章的主旨也大有裨益。
易错点3、缺乏对上下文的贯穿能力
Besides, his sore throat kept 45 him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but 46 .
46. A. escaped B. succeeded C. regretted D. failed
易错点4、不注重结合文化背景、生活常识等进行选择
When We were eating at that cafe in Bondi and a person who had 38 his hamburger didn’t have enough money to pay for it，without any 39(hesitation)，you went over and put the
40(extm) $2 into his hand．
38．A．ordered B．booked C．offered D．bought
【解析】根据常识判断在餐馆里应该是“点菜”，故选A。
【答案】A
二、跟踪练习：
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Thousands of brush lines went into the original great works, but one artist has reproduced some of the world’s most famous paintings with just one line. Designer Chan Hwee Chong creates spiral（螺旋形的）illustrations inspired by some of the most 36 works in history. The Singaporean artist’s attitude towards work is so 37 that if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again, He has recreated Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, Van Gogh’s Self-Portraits and Johannes Vermeer’s Girl with a Pearl Earring in his own unique 38 .
The Singaporean is an art director at German 49 studio Kolle Robbe in Hamburg. In his spare time he works 50 installation art and graphic design.” At work, I deal 51 with art direction and ideas. Outside of work I like playing with spaces — 52 different ways of catching my eyes in an immersed fashion.”
Mr. Hwee Chong, who lives in Hamburg with his wife Carolyn, said the three pieces took several months to complete due to the fact that every mistake meant a complete restart. “I don’t really have an 53 to how long each drawing took, but the whole project took us many months. 54 , my favorite is Mona Lisa as it was the piece we staged doing first. All three pieces were hard work but I worked with a team which really 55 . We solved problems we had together and it was great fun.”
45．A．shortened B．broken C．controlled D．divided
46．A．end B．top C．head D．beginning
47．A．yet B．but C．and D．then
48．A．like B．off C．after D．against
49．A．film B．music C．design D．photography
50．A．out B．on C．with D．of
51．A．mainly B．only C．closely D．nervously
52．A．making B．exploring C．feeling D．forcing
53．A．honor B．attention C．entrance D．answer
54．A．Probably B．Personally C．Recently D．Previously
55．A．impressed B．owned C．approved D．helped
【解题导语】 本文向大家介绍了一种绘画风格。
答案：36．A 根据上下文可知，此处表示“历史上最流行的作品”，故用 popular。
37．B 根据该空后的 “if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again” 可知，应用 precise“认真的，一丝不苟的”。
45．C 前面提到的绘画风格是 “precise and control”，由此可知这里应选 controlled。
46．D 根据第一段中的 “starts all over again” 可知，应选 beginning。
47．B not only..but also...表示“不但……而且……”，有时 also 可以省略。
48．A 根据43空所在句子的句意可知，此处表示“像蜘蛛织网一样”，故选A。
49．C 根据50空后的 “design” 可知，应选C项。
50．B work on 表示“从事，努力做”，符合语境。
51．A 根据上下文可知，这里应用 mainly，表示“主要地，总体上”。
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently divorced and unemployed, I was on my way downtown to do the rounds of the employment offices. I had no umbrella, for my old one had 36 , and I could not 37 another one.
Yes, she said 47 , that was her umbrella，which her parents, now dead, had given her as a birthday present. But， she 48 , it had been stolen 49 her doorstep a month before.
She was so excited that I 50 I was looking for a job and went directly to her house. She took the umbrella, and her eyes were filled with 51 . She wanted to give me a 52 , but—though twenty dollars was all I had in the world—her happiness at regaining this 53 possession was beyond words and I believed accepting her money would have 54 something. We talked for a while and I left.
42．A．turn in B．show off C．open up D．carry away
43．A．occurred B．ran C．struck D．happened
44．A．firmly B．suddenly C．casually D．thankfully
45．A．read B．searched C．got D．used
46．A．appeared B．replied C．answered D．screamed
47．A．in surprise B．in panic C．in silence D．in anger
48．A．assumed B．added C．declared D．announced
49．A．from B．in C．beside D．of
50．A．mentioned B．forgot C．realized D．remembered
51．A．memory B．honor C．tears D．thanks
52．A．gift B．position C．hug D．reward
53．A．expensive B．common C．rare D．special
54．A．bought B．ruined C．expressed D．enjoyed
55．A．immediately B．naturally C．hopefully D．unexpectedly
42．A 这是在公共汽车上捡到的别人丢失的东西，正常的程序是把雨伞“上交”给售票员。turn in“上交”。
43．A 我 “想到”一个主意，决定自己带着雨伞找到失主。occur to sb. “（主意或想法突然）浮现于某人的脑海中”。
44．D 作者在倾盆大雨中下了车，由此可知作者打开这把伞遮雨时非常“感激”。
45．B 我从电话簿上“查找”雨伞上的那个名字。search“查找，搜寻”。
46．C 我拨通电话后，一位女士“接听”了电话。此处 answer 表示“接电话”。
47．A 女士突然有了雨伞的消息，自然感到非常“惊讶”。后三项分别表示“恐慌”“沉默”“愤怒”，显然不符合语境。
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In January of 1968, I was “surfing” TV channels when I was caught by Funny Business, a show about cartoons. I had always wanted to be a (n) 36 but never knew how to go about it. I wrote to the host of the show, cartoonist Jack Cassady, asking him for advice 37 entering the profession.
In June of 1987, I was surprised to get a second letter from jack Cassady. It 46 as follows:
36．A．actor B．writer C．photographer D．cartoonist
37．A．on B．with C．in D．to
38．A．informal B．formal C．handwritten D．printing
39．A．asking B．answering C．neglecting D．replying
40．A．published B．rejected C．recognized D．appreciated
41．A．if B．unless C．since D．before
42．A．magazines B．books C．samples D．models
51．A．seemed B．went C．became D．came
52．A．love B．friendship C．hurt D．kindness
53．A．award B．pay C．treat D．repay
54．A．pass B．receive C．deliver D．move
55．A．so B．this C．such D．like
40．B 结合本句前半部分中的 warn 以及本句后半部分的内容可知，他提醒作者起初有被“拒绝”的可能。
41．A “如果”发生了那样的事情，他建议作者不要灰心丧气。
42．C 他在信中继续写道，作者寄给他的卡通“样本”非常出色，有出版价值。
43．B 作者收到了对方的回复，得到了对方的鼓舞和肯定，自然非常“兴奋”。
44．D 结合本句后半部分提到的“复印形式的小信件”可知这些杂志“冷淡”地拒绝了作者。
49．A 作者“甚至”没有对他写来的第一封信表示感谢，想不到又收到了他的第二封信。
50．B 作者拿出画笔，开始创作连环漫画 Dilbert 的样本，此处 work on 表示“致力于”。A项表示“穿上”，C项表示“放弃”，D项表示“呈现”，都不符合语境。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My sister, Cathy, who lives in Vancouver, sent me a package full of Christmas gifts. She told me that she had 36 it in advance to make sure it would arrive at my house weeks before the 37 . Christmas was drawing near, but no package arrived. Cathy checked the tracking number every 38 with Canada Post, and every evening she would call me to 39 if there was any sign of it on our end.
“I 49 this is yours,” he said, holding a package. Just then I 50 that it had been delivered to the wrong address. “I just got home from vacation,” he explained, “ 51 I wanted you to have this in time to open for Christmas.” I thanked this 52 stranger for taking so much trouble to 53 this gift to us on Christmas Day, and 54 thanked God that the package had been lost in the first place.
The real gift of that holiday season was the new 55 to my sister who lives far away from us. It seemed that my sister was just by my side now.
44．A．accept B．ignore C．consider D．study
45．A．nearly B．suddenly C．mostly D．simply
46．A．restaurant B．house C．office D．class
47．A．terrible B．missing C．big D．outstanding
48．A．opened B．locked C．left D．watched
49．A．understand B．forget C．know D．believe
50．A．expected B．dreamed C．realized D．remembered
51．A．because B．but C．or D．so
52．A．generous B．honest C．polite D．kind
53．A．show B．present C．return D．offer
54．A．silently B．carefully C．gently D．actually
55．A．distance B．guide C．recognition D．closeness
来，故用 holiday。
41．C 根据下文 “We talked about” 和 “Of course we also talked about our jobs.” 可知，二十分钟后作者和姐姐仍然在闲谈 (chatting)。
42．B 根据上文 “We talked about our family” 可知她们谈论自己的家人，而选项中只有 husbands 属于家庭成员，由此可得出答案为B项。
43．D 作者和姐姐以前从来没有花那么多时间 (time) 交流。
44．A 到了圣诞节前夕她们不得不接受 (accept) 这个事实。ignore 表示“忽视”，consider 表示“考虑”，study 表示“研究”，都不符合语境。
51．B 从语境可知，这里是转折关系。尽管他刚刚度假回来，但他想将包裹早日归还给主人，所以用 but。
52．D 那个人不辞辛劳给作者送包裹，说明他是一个好心肠的人，所以用 kind。
53．C 这个包裹本来属于作者，因此应该是归还给作者，选 return。show 表示“展示”，present 表示“赠予”，offer 表示“提供”，都不符合语境。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
7情态动词和虚拟语气（教师版）
考前必读
高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。
易错点睛
易错点1 混淆“情态动词+have done”各种句式的不同含义
【易错题1】He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
【易错题2】—Where is my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You it in the wrong place.
A.must put B.should have put
C.might put D.might have put
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是受汉语表达习惯的影响，认为“你一定是把它放错地方了”。根据前面的语境可判断出，本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。所以要用“might have done”。“should havedone"表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。
【答案】D
【错因透视】may／might have done表示“过去可能做了(某事)”。如：一where is my pen 我的钢笔哪里去了 一You might have put it in your pocket．你可能把它放到你的口袋里了。
【易错题3】Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't' show up.
A. should have arrived 　　 B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
【易错题4】—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. must D. might
【错因透视】‘‘must+have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测，表示“(过去)一定、必定做了某事”。must接动词原形表示对现在情况的猜测。如：Tom must have finished his homework yesterday because he went camping with his parents．汤姆昨天一定是完成作业了，因为他和父母去野营了。
【易错题5】-Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
-Thanks. You______it. I could manage it myself.　
A．needn't do B．needn't have done C．mustn't do D．shouldn't have done
【解析】考生容易误选D项，认为是“你本来不应该做那件事情”。句子意思是：“凯瑟琳，我已经给你打扫了房间。”“谢谢。你本来没有必要打扫的，我自己能够对付。”needn’t have done表示“过去本来没有必要做而做了”；shouldn’t have done表示 “过去本来不应该做而做了”。
【答案】B
【错因透视】needn’t have done表示“本来没必要做而做了”，是对过去情况的虚拟。如：You needn’thave told him that．你本没必要告诉他那件事。
易错点2对情态动词的基本用法掌握不熟练
【易错题l】— It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here.
— Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will C. may D. need
【易错题2】Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _______ just be quiet people.
A. must B. may C. should D. would
【解析】考生容易误选C项，认为是“一定是”，实际上这里表示可能性。句子意思是：有些不愿多讲话的人并不是真的害羞；他们可能只是一些喜欢安静的人。
【答案】B
【错因透视】may／might接动词原形表示对现在情况的推测，意思是“可能”。如：She thought itmight be wise to try her luck here．她认为在这儿碰碰运气也许不错。
【易错题3】一What does the sign over there read
一“No person ______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．”
A．will B．may C．shall D. must
【解析】考生容易误选A项，认为是will在这里表示将来或意愿。shall在本句中用于第三人称，表示警告和禁止，因此答语的意思是：任何人都不准在这个区域吸烟、或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。will表示现在的意志、愿望等，意为“要，希望”；may表示许可，或用于请求许可，意为“可，可以”；must意为“必须，要，应当”。
【答案】C
【错因透视】shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求对方意见。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称的肯定句。如：Shall she go to the concert with us this evening (征求意见)You shall go to the front at once．(命令)Don’t worry．You shall get theanswer this very afternoon．(允诺)He shall be sorry one day．I tell you．(警告)Nothing shall stop us fromfighting against pollution．(决心)
易错点3 对虚拟语气在条件句中应用的基本用法了解不够
【易错题1】This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
【易错题2】But for their help, we _______ the program in time.
A. can not finish B. will not finish
C. had not finished D. could not have finished
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是没有注意到but for their help这一含蓄条件。由语境可知，这里‘表示与过去的事实相反，所以主句应该用would／could／might／should+have done结构。
【答案】D
【错因透视】含蓄条件句的用法：
【易错题3】It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn't have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
【错因透视】错综条件句就是虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。如：If 1 were you，1 would not have missed thefilm last night．如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚的电影了。If they had started in the early morning，theywould arrive in half an hour．如果他们清早就出发，那么再有半个小时就到了。
易错点4 忽视名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法
【易错题】The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是不知道recommend的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。
【答案】D
【错因透视】虚拟语气经常用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：advise建议，command命令，demand要求，desire渴望，insist坚持，intend打算，propose提议，order命令，require需要，request要求，recommend劝告。这些动词的宾语从句中用should+动词原形表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。如：I suggest that we(should)set off at once．我建议我们应该立刻出发。
【易错题2】How I wish every family ___ a large house with a beautiful garden!（上海春招)
A．has B．had C．will have D．had had
【易错题3】It is important that we ．
A．shall close the window before we leave B．will close the window before we 1eave
C．must close the window before we leave D．close the window before we 1eave
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是没有掌握主语从句中用虚拟语气的用法。It is important(necessary，strange)that主语从句中，谓语用should+动词原形表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。
【答案】D
【错因透视】虚拟语气用于It is+形容词／名词／过去分词+主语从句的句式中，主语从句中用should+动词原形，should可以省略。这类形容词或分词有：determined决定的，commanded命令的，arranged安排的，anxious焦急的，important重要的，desired想要，asked请求，natural自然的，insisted坚持，necessary必要的，suggested建议，ordered命令，proposed提议，requested要求的，required要求的，recommended推荐，possible可能的，a pity可惜的是，等。如：It is necessary that he(should)besent there at once．有必要立刻派他去那里。It is suggested that the meeting(should)be Dut off till nextweek．有人建议会议推迟到下星期。
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）I was busy the other day, otherwise I ______ to help you.
A．would have come B．would come
C．had come D．came
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）If you ______ smoke, you could at least go to the smoking area.
A．can B．must C．will D．shall
【答案】B
【解析】 考查情态动词。句意：如果你非要抽烟，起码可以去吸烟区抽。此处 must 表示“硬要；非要；偏要”。
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—Could I watch TV for 10 more minutes, Mum
—Oh, dear, if you ______.
A．can B．must C．may D．should
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）Just as Jane is doing her homework, ______ you bother her with playing the piano now
A．may B．can C．must D．shall
【答案】C
【解析】 考查情态动词。句意：Jane 正在写作业，你偏要现在弹钢琴打扰她吗？这里 must 表示“偏要，非得”，其他选项都无此用法，故选C项。
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）The driver ______ have drunk a lot before the accident, but I am not quite sure of that.
A．might B．must C．should D．would
【答案】A
【解析】 考查情态动词。从后半句 “but I am not quite sure of that” 可知空处是对过去发生事情的不肯定推测，因此选A．
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Why are you in such a hurry
—Don’t you remember that we ______ be home by 8 p. m. to see our favorite TV show
A．can B．would C．must D．may
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—God! My cell phone is missing.
— You ______ have left it at home. I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.
A．shall B．must C．would D．could
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Life ______ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in the winter.
—Yes, the weather there ______ be as low as 60℃ below zero.
A．must; can B．shall; must
C．will; should D．has to; can
【答案】A
【解析】 考查情态动词。根据后面的 “as it is very cold there in the winter” 可知第一空表示肯定推测，故用 must，而第二空是对那儿天气的一种可能性猜测，故用 can。
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）—Come to supper with us, Peter.
—Great! I ______ bring a bottle of wine.
A．will B． can C．may D．must
【答案】A
【解析】 考查情态动词。此处 will 表示的是说话人的主观意愿，意为“愿；要”。
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）The constant rise of meat price requires that effective measures ______ by the government.
A．must be taken B．be taken
C．will be taken D．should take
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention ______ before class.
A．to underlined B．was underlined
C．to be underlined D．to being underlined
【答案】C
【解析】 考查虚拟语气。分析句子结构可知，worth paying attention to 作 the key words 的后置定语；insist 表示“坚持主张”时，其宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用 should do, should 可以省略，因此该从句谓语为 (should) be underlined，因此选择C。解该题的关键在于弄清句子结构，不要受思维定势的干扰而误选D。
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）I’m really very busy, otherwise I ______ certainly go there with you.
A．can B．shall C．will D．would
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）If she ______ an hour earlier, she wouldn’t have been caught in the rain.
A．has returned B．returned
C．will return D．had returned
【答案】D
【解析】 考查虚拟语气。从 “wouldn’t have been caught” 可知空处表示与过去事实相反，因此从句应用过去完成时。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Let’s play football together tomorrow afternoon.
—OK, but how I wish I ______ it as skillfully as you.
A．played B．have played
C．had played D．will play
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）I ran all the way to school yesterday, otherwise I ______ late for the annual talent show.
A．was B．had been
C．would be D．would have been
【答案】D
【解析】 考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天我一路跑到学校，不然年度才艺表演我就会迟到。本句的后半句是虚拟语气，是对过去情况的假设，所以用 would have done 结构。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题02 代词、数词和主谓一致（学生版）
考前必读
代词是高考常考点，人称代词，指示代词（this，that，these，those）和反身代词是命题者常涉及的代词项目，主要考察其基本用法和固定搭配。代词考察手法灵活，要求考生注意语境，分析对比选项，从而做出正确选择。预计2012年仍有部分省市围绕以上考点进行设题。
易错点睛
易错点1 没有正确区分one，ones，that，it，those的用法
【易错题l】I like this house with a beautiful garden in front , but I don’t have enough money to buy .
A. one B. it C. this D. that
【易错题l】Make sure you’ve got the passports and tickets and ____ before you leave.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
易错点3不能正确区分other，others，the other，the others。another的用法
【易错题2】It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.
A. none B. neither C. both D. each
易错点5 忽视了主语和谓语动词的一致性
A. is gong to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to
【易错题5】Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A. are B. is C. have D. be
跟踪练习
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）It’s ashamed of him to have got so much help from others but give ______ to the society in return.
A．no one B．none C．a little D．much
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation
—Yes. I’m going to a peaceful place, especially ______ suitable for relaxation.
A．one B．the one C．that D．this
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）As we know, tomatoes can be cooked, juiced, eaten whole, sliced, diced or ______.
A．whenever B．wherever C．however D．whatever
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）—Have you got enough tickets
—Not yet. We just need ______ one.
A．other B．the second
C．another D．the other
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）—What do you think of the furniture on exhibition
—Well, great! But I don’t think much of ______ you bought.
A．the one B．it C．that D．which
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）It’s estimated that the number of the candidates, applying for the position as a civil servant, ______ already well over 3,000.
A．are B．will be C．is D．were
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Some modem teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ______ to ten Hope Schools in South China.
A．were sent B．was sent
C．have sent D．had been sent2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
9名词性从句（教师版）
考前必读
名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点；二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法
易错点睛
易错点1混淆同位语从句和定语从句
【易错题l】Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A．why B．what C．that D．where
【错因透视】同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
(1)同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容，是对这一内容的完全解释；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。(同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)
The news that he told mejust now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。)
(2)引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people．计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成分。)The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)
易错点2不了解从句的间隔现象而造成误选
【易错题l】News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【错因透视】像定语从句的先行词与定语从句间隔一样，有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspectthem．几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。The thought came to him that maybe the enemyhad fled the city．他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
易错点3混淆how far／how soon／how often／how long等引导名词性从句的短语连词
【易错题l】—I wonder you’ll water this kind of flower.
—Every other day.
A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much
易错点4 混淆引导名词性从句的连词和连接副词
【易错题】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see___ it got any better.
A. when B. how C. why D. if
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是误解了句子的意思，认为是“看什么时候情况会变得好一点”。句子的意思是：最初他不喜欢这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这件工作是否会变得更好。故用if引导宾语从句。
【答案】D
跟踪练习
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）After five hours’ drive, they reached ______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
A．that B．what C．which D．where
【答案】B
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.
A．that B．how C．what D．why
【答案】C
【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处 After 用作介词，“____ seemed an endless wait” 为宾语从句，因从句中缺少主语，所以用 What。注意 that 引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选C。
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）Whom do you expect to have ______ the problem of over-loaded school buses
A．solve B．to solve C．solved D．solving
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—What has made him look like lacking sleep
—______ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a night to attend to her.
A．For B．Because C．That D．What
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）All of us have already known ______ she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad.
A．how B．that C．what D．which
【答案】C
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：我们都已经知道她将选择的是出国的机会。“what she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad” 是宾语从句，在从句中，what she will choose 是从句的主语，what 在主语从句中作 choose 的宾语。
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Blog, a shared online journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experience and hobbies, ______ more and more popular with people of all ages.
A．had become B．become
C．becoming D．is becoming
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）More than 200 million people in China suffer high blood pressure, and 70% of them are unaware of the fact ______ they have the illness.
A．what B．when C．how D．that
【答案】D
【解析】 考查同位语从句。“that they have the illness” 是同位语从句，解释说明 the fact 的具体内容。
Sometimes advertisements make ______ possible for companies to sell the customers ______ money can not buy.
A. ×; that B. it; what C. that; which D. it; whose
The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy.
A. which; that B. that; what C. that; which D. what; which
【答案】C
【解析】考查同位语从句和定语从句。第一空that引导的从句与the news构成同位关系；第二空是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。所以应该选C项。
—When shall we gather again
—Anytime _______ we are engaged in our work.
A. except that B. except when C. except it D. except for
—Excuse me，sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station
—Sorry，I'm a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask，I'm afraid，________ is a native.
A．someone B．whoever C．who D．whomever
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。I'm afraid是插入语，句子的主干是“You are supposed to ask whoever is a native”。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
Mary is interested in ________ is in the shops，but buying a new coat is not on the top of her shopping list.
A．which B．what C．that D．where
—It's thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story，believe it or not，________ we got lost on a rainy night.
A．which B．that C．what D．when
【答案】B
【解析】通过对句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入语，在此句中that引导的句子和the story是同位关系。
From ____ seemed to be a great, cloudy distance, he smiled at her, and she smiled too.
A. it B. that C. what D. which
【答案】C
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.
A．It B．That C．Such D．What2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
13阅读理解（学生版）
易错点睛：
在做阅读理解的过程中，同学们由于受到各种情况的影响，常会出现这样或那样的错误，导致失分。通过分析发现，失分点主要有：
易错点1、只见树木．不见森林，误把细节当主题
A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.
75. What might be the best title for the text
A. How to Save Rainforests
B. How to Protect Nature
C. Rainforests and the Environment
D. Rainforests and Medical Development
易错点2主观臆断，忽视逻辑
I love charity(慈善) shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.
The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding（资助）medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.
42. Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops
A. The operating costs are very low.
B. The staff are usually well paid.
C. 90% of the donations are second-hand.
D. They are open twenty-four hours a day.
易错点3、没有根据文章中的有效信息进行合理推断
It was the first mow of winter -- an exciting day for every, child but not for most tether. Up until now, l had been able to dress myself for recess(课间休息), but today I would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher at Princess Elizabeth School near Hamilton, Ontario, had been through first snow days ,tony times in her long career, but I think struggled still remember this one.
I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I straggled with my jacket because it didn’t fit well. It was a hand-me-down from my brother, and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots. In her calm, motherly voice she said, "By the end of winter, you will be able to put on own boots. “ I didn’t realize at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.
I looked into her eyes and said．“I didn’t want to lose them．so I put them into the toes of my boots．”
61．What made it so hard for the teacher to help the little girl put her boots on
A．The gloves in the toes of the boots． B．The slowness of the teacher．
C．The wrong size of the boots． D．The unwillingness of the girl．
易错点4、不能根据前后文的语境猜测词义
I was waiting for a phone call from my agent. He had left a message the night before, telling me that my show was to be cancelled. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, but there was still no call. Three hours passing by, I became more and more impatient. I was certain that my agent didn’t care about my work, and he didn’t care about me. I was overcome with that thought. I started to shout at the phone, “Let me wait, will you Who do you think you are ”
After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood（情绪）had changed. I was laughing. How could I have trouble with that phone Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. Twenty minutes later my agent did call. I was able to listen to him and talk to him calmly.
59. What does the underlined word “antics” refer to
A. Smart words.
B. Unusual actions.
C. Surprising looks.
D. Anxious feelings.
跟踪练习
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）
A
Nowadays a growing number of grass roots entertainers are stepping into the public eye. Although a sudden success provides quick fame, experts say not all the rising stars will have a promising future.
The grass roots band Xu Ri Yang Gang, meaning the rising sun in Chinese, suddenly became popular after uploading a video of them singing “In the Spring”. Actually, they have never stopped struggling to realize their dreams. After that they were frequently invited to big media events in China, like the CCTV Spring Festival Gala.
As for Chinese grass roots stars, experts say besides big dreams, they need more original compositions to achieve big results.
56．What would be the best title for the text
A．Rising grass roots stars
B．Comparison of grass roots stars
C．Ways of grass roots getting famous
D．Differences between grass roots stars’ lives
57．From the text we know that Xu Ri Yang Gang got popular through ______.
A．CCTV B．newspapers
C．contests D．the Internet
58．The underlined words “a hit” in Paragraph 5 most probably means. “______”
A．a strike B．a success
C．an achievement D．an influence
59．It can be inferred from the text that ______.
A．grass roots stars can’t have a promising future at all
B．most of grass roots stars have got professional skills
C．grass roots stars need to focus more on their original works
D．talent show is the only way for grass roots stars to become popular
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）
B
·Item 77918 The only 55 Inch Widescreen Personal Movie Theater
$ 249.95; Available for Immediate Shipment; Order by Phone: 1-800-321-1484
This is the only personal media viewer that provides a private viewing experience just like watching a widescreen 55 inch television from 10 meters away. It connects to a video iPod, iPhone or portable DVD player, with two AA batteries providing up to six hours of continuous operation and an iPod cable.
·Item 77281 The Digital Photo Album Watch
$ 99.95; Available for Immediate Shipment; Order by Phone: 1-800-321-1484
This is the watch that vividly displays 120 of your favorite digital photographs. You can download digital photographs to the watch. The watch can be viewed in the photo album mode or digital mode （time and date view）. A six-hour charge provides up to 10 days of use.
60．What’s the purpose of this passage
A．To compare some creative inventions.
B．To advertise some goods.
C．To teach how to operate the items.
D．To show how fashionable the items are.
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）
C
More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.
The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.
The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made, first-generation rich. Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth. One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.
They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.
Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance（遗产）they plan to leave them.
57．We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance
B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids, at least in the US
C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth
D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents
58．According to the survey, most rich Americans ______.
A．think they owe their children nothing
B．think it best to give their money back to society
C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth
D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth
59．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A．responsible children B．Bill Gates and his wife
C．first-generation rich D．rich parents
60．From the last paragraph, we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ______.
A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children
B．the positive impact of charity on society
C．the way of giving back to society
D．the importance of independence for children
(北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语)
D
The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches. Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots, mail boxes, entry way corners, under eaves, storage closets and garages, undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods, and the undersides of outdoor furniture. They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and therefore, appear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned.
One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species. The reason for the weaker effect of brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives, but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison. The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite are that the bite hurt when it is given and it leaves a red mark. These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.
67．The author wrote this article to ______.
A．announce the result of a research on spiders
B．introduce the ways to get rid of the spiders
C．report a new finding of the widow species
D．warn readers against the brown widow
68．From the passage we can conclude that ______.
A．brown widows are possibly spreading northward
B．brown widows originated from Africa
C．brown widows now can be found in all countries
D．there used to be no brown widows in North America
69．The third paragraph is mainly about ______.
A．the brown widow’s web building
B．the characteristics of the brown widow
C．the habitat preferences of the brown widow
D．the brown widow’s threat to human beings
70．It can be inferred that ______.
A．brown widows can be killed with any farm chemicals
B．at present people can only control brown widow spiders
C．the brown widow has more poison than the black widow
D．victims bitten by the brown widow needn’t see the doctor
(南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语)
E
The grown-ups’ response this time was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors whether from the inside or the outside and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar. That is why at the age of six I gave up the dream that I might have been a great painter. I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and my Drawing Number Two. Grown-ups never understand anything by themselves and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.
So then I chose another profession, and learned to pilot airplanes. I have flown a little over all parts of the world; and it is true that geography has been very useful to me. At a glance, I can distinguish China from Arizona. If one gets lost in the night, such knowledge is valuable.
In the course of this life, I have had lots of chances to meet with a great many people. And that hasn’t much improved my opinion of them. Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clear-sighted, I tried showing him my Drawing Number One which I have always kept. I would try to find out if this was a person of true understanding. But whoever it was, he or she would always say: That is a hat. Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictors or primeval forests or stars. I would bring myself down to his level. I would talk to him about bridge, golf, politics and neckties. And the grown-up would be greatly pleased to have met such an intelligent man.
70．Which of the following statements is true
A．The writer could have become a pilot if encouraged when young.
B．The writer finally changed his opinion of grown-ups.
C．The writer has been showing his two pictures to others ever since.
D．The writer felt nobody could have really understood him.2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题03 形容词与副词（教师版）
考前必读
形容词和副词是中学英语的重要组成部分，也是高考考查的热点之一。主要考查形容词、副词的基本用法及其比较等级。主要考查形容词比较级、同级比较时倍数及名词的位置、副词(词组)的意思、用法及位置等；比较等级及其修饰语；在特定的语境中选择恰当的词语。
其中，词义辨析是重中之重，因此考生在复习备考时应注意对常见词义的记忆。
易错点睛
易错点1 忽视形容词、副词修饰与被修饰的关系以及它们在句子中的位置
【答案】A
【易错题2】Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time, to my surprise, he arrived on time.
A. little B. much C. ever D. even
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是从汉语的思维角度来考虑问题，理解成了“甚至使我吃惊的是”。此处意思为“令我非常吃惊的是”，much修饰to my surprise。little很少，ever曾经，even甚至，这几个词均不能修饰该短语。
【答案】B
【错因透视】to one’s surprise的强调说法是：much to one’s surprise或to one’s great surprise。如：much to the delight of his friends使他的朋友非常高兴的是。
【答案】B
【错因透视】too much(1)相当于形容词，意为“more than enough”，用在不可数名词前面作定语或在系动词后面作表语。如：She’S afraid the trip will be too much for me．她怕我受不了旅途的劳累。(2)相当于名词，在句中作主语或宾语。如：Too much was happening all at once．同时发生的事情太多了。(3)相当于副词，在句中作状语。如：You work too much．你工作干得太多了。
而much too的用法比较简单，只作状语相当于副词，但它不单独使用，在句子中要修饰形容词或副词，但不修饰动词。如：You are much too kind to me．你对我实在太好了。
【答案】A
【错因透视】多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时的排列顺序是：
①限定词②程度状语③描述性(如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等)④大小(长短、高低)⑤形状(如：round，square等)⑧年龄⑦新旧⑧颜色⑨国籍(出处、地区)⑩物质、材料⑩类别、用途+中心词名词。其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。
前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如：both my hands、all half his income等。“作用、类别”的词，如：medical，college，writing(desk)，police(car)等。
【答案】D
【错因透视】形容词的原级句式是“as+形容词原级+as”表示前者和后者一样。“not as／so+形容词原级+as”表示前者不及后者。如：This tree is as tall as that one．这棵树和那棵树一样高。
【答案】A
【错因透视】副词的原级句式是“as+副词原级+as”表示前者和后者一样。“ride as／so+副词原级+as”表示前者不及后者。副词的比较级句型是“副词的比较级+than'’表示“比……更”；副词的最高级句式是“动词(如：like／enjoy)+宾语+副词的最高级(如：most，best)”，副词的最高级一般省略定冠词the。
易错点4 没有掌握表示倍数关系的句型
【易错题】I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______.
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
【答案】A
【错因透视】表示倍数关系的句型有：(1)A+be十倍数+as+计量形容词原级+as+B．如：This treeis three times flS tall as that one．这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。(2)A+be+倍数+计量形容
易错点5 不能结合语境对形容词或副词进行正确地辨析
【易错题1】It seems that living green is easy and affordable. A small step masks a big difference.
A. exactly B. fortunately C. surprisingly D. hardly
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是对语境的意思把握不准。exactly准确地；fortunately幸运地；surprisingly惊讶地，出乎意料地；hardly几乎不。句意为：看来绿色生活是出人意料得容易和可以负担得起费用的，很小的一个步骤会带来很大的差异。
【答案】C
【错因透视】对于副词的辨析要做到两点：一点是明确各个副词的确切含义，另一点是准确理解题干的意思。
【易错题3】In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _____ to people greeting him.
A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是没有很好地把握语境的意思。句意是：尽管再三的被冤枉，但是他对人还是友好的。look friendly是系表结构，意思是“看起来友好”。
【答案】A
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）We put our books in the bookcase to keep them ______ from dust.
A．empty B．free C．loose D．short
【答案】B
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）Invention can be ______ as it may suddenly begin just by noticing something usual.
A．accidental B．careless
C．necessary D．imaginative
【答案】A
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）I’m ______ about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others’ feelings.
A．enthusiastic B．curious
C．doubtful D．cautious
【答案】D
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）We’ve got a general idea of what we want, but nothing ______ at the moment.
A．concrete B．ordinary C．standard D．abstract
【答案】A
【解析】 考查形容词辨析。本句前半部分提到只是有笼统的想法，由此可知此刻还没有任何“具体的”内容，故A项正确。后三项分别表示“普通的…”“标准的”“抽象的”，与语意不符。
（湖北省孝感市2012届高中三年级第一次统一考试英语）We are rather ______ about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor because he is mean with his money.
A．optimistic B．positive C．sceptical D．cautious
【答案】C
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）I can’t say a thank-you ______ much. I couldn’t have succeeded without your help.
A．too B．quite C．that D．very
【答案】A
【解析】 考查副词用法。句意表示“我再怎么感谢你也不过分”，故选A．can’t...too...“再……也不过分”。
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）We have our bad times but on the whole we’re ______ happy.
A．rarely B．merely C．fairly D．chiefly
【答案】C
【解析】 考查副词辨析。语意：我们处境艰难，但是总体来说我们相当高兴。根据本句中的转折连词 but 可知应用 fairly，表示“相当，颇”。A项表示“很少”，B项表示“仅仅”，D项表示“主要地”，都不符合语意。
（湖北省孝感市2012届高中三年级第一次统一考试英语）Don’t blame them any more — this is ______ because they are still young and lack experience.
A．exactly B．simply C．eventually D．generally
【答案】B2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题02 代词、数词和主谓一致（教师版）
考前必读
代词是高考常考点，人称代词，指示代词（this，that，these，those）和反身代词是命题者常涉及的代词项目，主要考察其基本用法和固定搭配。代词考察手法灵活，要求考生注意语境，分析对比选项，从而做出正确选择。预计2012年仍有部分省市围绕以上考点进行设题。
易错点睛
易错点1 没有正确区分one，ones，that，it，those的用法
【易错题l】I like this house with a beautiful garden in front , but I don’t have enough money to buy .
A. one B. it C. this D. that
【易错题2】The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ____ spoken in England.
A. which B. what C. that D. the one
【解析】考生容易误选B项。that指代前面提到的不可数名词English，the one替代特指的可数名词单数；which和what都不作替代词用。
【答案】C
【答案】D
【错因透视】that既可以替代可数名词，也可以替代不可数名词，替代可数名词的时候，相当于the one；those只能代替前面提到的名词复数，相当于the ones。
that作替代词，只能指物，不能指人。those作替代词，既可指物，也可指人。
另外，that替代名词单数时，只替代“the+名词单数”，不可替代“a+名词单数”。如：The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor．富人的房子比穷人的大得多。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in Asia．中国的人口比亚洲其他任何一个国家的人口都多。
易错点2混淆不定代词anything(anyone}／something(someone)／everything(everyone)等的不同含义
【易错题l】Make sure you’ve got the passports and tickets and ____ before you leave.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
【答案】C
【错因透视】以any-构成的不定代词往往用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中；以some-构成的不定代词往往用于肯定句中；在表示请求、建议等或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，用some系列，而不用any系列。
no系列通常用于肯定句中表示否定意义，相当于“not+any”系列。something意为“某物，某事”，往往用于肯定句中；everything意为“一切事物”；everyone意为“每个人”；nothing表示“什么都没有”；nobody表示“一个人也没有”。)
易错点3不能正确区分other，others，the other，the others。another的用法
【易错题1】I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face _______ day like that.
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
表示一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用another，第三个用a third。
一定范围内，除去一部分人／物，剩余的全部用the others或用the other+可数名词复数。
泛指别的人或物时，用others，当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分不是全部时，用others或other+可数名词复数。句式：some…others…意思是“一些……另一些……”，some…the others…意思是“一些·…··另一些都……”。如：Some are singing，others are dancing．有的在唱歌，有的在跳舞。
【答案】B
【错因透视】‘‘every other+可数名词单数”表示“每隔一……”，every other day意为“每隔一天”。“every+few+名词复数”表示“每隔几……”，every few days每隔几天(注意：few前不加a)。“every+名词单数”表示“每”，every day每天。“every+基数词+名词复数：every+序数词+名词单数”表示“每(隔)……”，every two days=every second day每两天。如：He goes to town every other day．他隔天去一次城里。The American people elect a president every four years．美国人民每四年选举一任总统。
易错点4对不定代词none，no one，both，all，either，neither的区别不当。
【易错题1】—Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.
—But _____ of them are in fashion now.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是没有注意到上句many的提示，many表示三者以上，而neither表示两者之间。由but一词的转折可以看出，衣服都不时髦，故D项符合。
【答案】D
【易错题2】It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.
A. none B. neither C. both D. each
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是忽视了none表示三者及三者以上，而父母是两者，此处表示否定，故用neither。
【答案】B
【错因透视】neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以修饰或代替可数名词单数；either是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替可数名词单数。它们可在句中作主语、定语或宾语。如：Neither of thetwins is here．那对双胞胎都不在这里。(主语)Neither boy knows French．两个男孩都不懂法语。(定语)Here are two pens．You may take either of them．这儿有两支钢笔。你拿哪一支都可以。
【易错题3】To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet to go to the library, or _____.
A. neither B. some C. all D. both
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是只照顾到汉语思维“都去”，而没有顾及到all表示三者及以上这一规则。由上句中的“use the Internet or go to the library”可知只涉及两种情况，故可排除B、C两项。由句意可知此处应表示肯定，故正确答案应为D。
【答案】D
②all用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。all可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语和同位语，指”全部的””整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，除少数情况外，一般不与可数名词单数连用，与名词复数连用时，表示“所有的…‘全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。如：He gave me all the money.他把全部的钱给了我。All the schools are flooded．所有的学校都被淹了。。
易错点5 忽视了主语和谓语动词的一致性
【易错题l】The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______ rising steadily since1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是把students看作句子的主语了，其实主语是the number，故谓语动词用单数；又因时间状语是since 1997，所以用完成时态。
【答案】C
【易错题2】______of the land in that district _____covered with trees and grass. A．Two fifth；is B．Two fifth；are C．Two fifths；is D．Two fifths；are
【解析】考生容易误选D项，原因是没有搞清楚分数和百分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数怎样决定的问题。分数和百分数作主语时，谓语动词形式取决于分数和百分数后的名词。分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词表示。如果分子大于1，序数词用复数形式。该句中的主语land是单数，谓语动词要用is covered。
【答案】C
【易错题3】With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ___ each year.　
A. is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是把earth当作单数主语对待了，但是quantities of修饰主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。根据语境，这里要用被动语态。
【答案】D
【错因透视】quantities of+名词+复数谓语；many a+单数名词+单数谓语；the amount of+不可数名词+单数谓语；a(1arge)amount of+不可数名词+单数谓语；large amounts of+不可数名词+复数谓语；more than one+(单数名词)+单数谓语。
【易错题4】Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.
A. is gong to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to
【易错题5】Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A. are B. is C. have D. be
【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是把students或you看作句子的主语了。either…or…连接两个主语，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。one of your students的谓语应用单数形式，也就是说主语是one。
【答案】B
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）—Can I have some milk for my coffee
—I’m afraid there is ______ left.
A．nothing B．no one C．none D．neither
【答案】C
【解析】 考查代词用法。none 表示“没有”，既可以指人，也可以指物，但此处指的是物，强调的是数量。
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）It’s ashamed of him to have got so much help from others but give ______ to the society in return.
A．no one B．none C．a little D．much
【答案】B
【解析】 考查代词辨析。从句意可知，令他感到羞愧的是，他从别人那里得到很多帮助却没有回报给社会任何东西，故选 none。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—Do you have ______ ready for the graduation ceremony, Ted
—No, we still have to find a famous speaker.
A．everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】 考查不定代词。根据答语内容可判断，此处是在询问 Ted 是不是已将毕业典礼一切事宜都准备好了，因此使用 everything。
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation
—Yes. I’m going to a peaceful place, especially ______ suitable for relaxation.
A．one B．the one C．that D．this
【答案】A
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）—Have you got enough tickets
—Not yet. We just need ______ one.
A．other B．the second
C．another D．the other
【答案】C
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Our new book is more expensive than ______ we had before.
A．it B．one C．this D．the one
【答案】D
【解析】 考查代词用法。句意：我们的新书比我们以前的那本书更贵。本句中的 the one 代指 the book。
（江西省丰、樟、高、宜四市2012届高三联考英语）—What do you think of the furniture on exhibition
—Well, great! But I don’t think much of ______ you bought.
A．the one B．it C．that D．which
【答案】C
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）How can I help ______ if people just don’t follow my advice
A．it B．that C．them D．this
【答案】A
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）It’s estimated that the number of the candidates, applying for the position as a civil servant, ______ already well over 3,000.
A．are B．will be C．is D．were
【答案】C
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是 “the number of the candidates” ，谓语动词应用单数形式，再加之此处是对客观事实的一种陈述，故用一般现在时态。故选C。
（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Some modem teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ______ to ten Hope Schools in South China.
A．were sent B．was sent
C．have sent D．had been sent
【答案】B
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）“Occupy Wall Street” protests, which started in New York in mid-September and ______ to dozens of US cities, have shown the anger of Americans over the economic problems.
A．has spread B．will spread
C．have spread D．had spread
【答案】C
【解析】 考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：“占领华尔街”运动是9月中旬在纽约发起的，已经蔓延到了很多美国城市，这些抗议表明了美国人对经济问题的愤怒。本句的主语是protests，所以谓语动词用复数，空格处表示的是对现在造成的影响，因此用现在完成时。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题05 动词与动词短语（教师版）
考前必读
动词是英语词汇中的核心，而动词及其构成的短语一直是高考中的热点和难点。它的用法最灵活，其种类比较多，形式复杂。每年高考中对动词短语和动词的考查都会出现2～4道试题，难度也比较大。预测2012年高考中特别要注意动词及其和介词、副词的搭配，以及构成的固定短语，要注意这些短语的意思，同时要在具体的语境中灵活地加以使用。
易错点睛
易错点1不能根据语境对动词进行正确辨析
【易错题】The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
【答案】A
【错因透视】动词是英语中最重要的词类，它构成了句子的主干部分——谓语，所以动词的意义就决定了句子的意义，因此动词的辨析题就成了高考的重点。把握重点动词的基本用法和理解语境是做好动词辨析题的关键。注意下列几组常用动词的辨析：suggest，advise，persuade；win，defeat，beat；spend，cost，take，pay；equip，furnish；supply，provide，afford；match，suit，fit，go with；allow，permit，let；include，contain；rise，raise。
【解析】考生容易误选C项，原因是只从字面看把divide up看作是“分开”的意思了。break up断绝关系；finish up结束，完成；divide up分配，分担，分割；close up靠近，关闭，停止，愈合。
【答案】A
be made in，be made from，be made by，be made up of；have．sb．do sth．，have sb．／sth．doingsth．，have sth．done；persuade sb．to do sth．，advise sb．to do sth．；run out，run out of；set up，set out，setoff，set about；used to，be used to，get used to等等
跟踪练习：
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）—What happened to the boy
—A bone was ______ in his throat when he was eating fish.
A．stayed B．remained C．stuck D．left
【答案】C
【解析】 考查动词辨析。be stuck in 意为“卡在……中”，stay 和 remain 都无被动用法，而 be left 则表示“被遗漏”，不符合句意，所以选C项。
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）—Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
—OK, I’ll call back later
A．hang up B．break up C．give up D．hold up
【答案】A
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）It ______ to be seen who will be the victor in the contest.
A．stayed B．remained C．kept D．left
【答案】B
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）Children should be encouraged to try new things but should not be ______ too hard.
A．drawn B．stroke C．rushed D．pushed
【答案】D
【解析】 考查动词辨析。句意：孩子应该被鼓励尝试新事物，但是不要逼得太紧。push 表示“逼迫；催促”，符合句意。
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）The happiest people don’t have the best of everything. They just ______ everything.
A．get away from B．make the best of
C．fix attention on D．catch up with
【答案】B
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）The purpose of the theory is to ______ these experimental findings.
A．involve in B．depend on
C． account for D．consist of
【答案】C
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）At the edge of the grass, there’s a sign saying “______ the grass”.
A．keep up B．keep away
C．keep off D．keep back
【答案】C
【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：草地边缘有一块牌子，上面写着“勿践踏草地”。keep off 表示“使……不接近，远离……”，符合句意。A项表示“保持，跟上”；如果选择B项，需要在后面加上 from, keep away from 表示“远离”；D项表示“隐瞒，阻止”。
（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）The company needs to improve its communication system to show that it ______ all its staff.
A．consults B．values C．educates D．attaches
【答案】B
（湖北省孝感市2012届高中三年级第一次统一考试英语）The minister said, “We are ready for discussion with any legal parties, but we’ll never ______ with enemies.”
A．compromise B．quarrel
C．argue D．consult
【答案】A
【解析】 考查动词辨析。该部门说：“我们愿意与任何合法的社团进行商榷，但是我们永远也不会向敌人妥协。”这里用compromise 表示“妥协，折中”。B争吵，C争论，D咨询。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题01 名词与冠词（教师版）
考前必读
名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的能力。2012年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。
易错点睛
易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法
【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party
—I should say it was ______ success.
A. a; a B. The; a C. a;不填 D. the; 不填
【答案】B
【错因透视】抽象名词具体化往往表示具有某种特性、情感、情绪的人或物，这时要在该名词前加不定冠词，如：in surprise惊奇地，a surprise一件惊奇的事情；with pleasure愉快地，a pleasure一件愉快的事情；worry about担忧，a worry一件令人担忧的事情；must一定，a must一件必须做的事情；youth青春，a youth一个年轻人；beauty美丽，a beauty一个美人；wonder惊奇，a wonder一件令人惊奇的事情；danger危险，a danger危险人／物；trade贸易，a trade一桩生意／买卖；have pity on sb．可怜某人，What apity!多么遗憾!
易错点2没有结合语境和词义对名词进行正确辨析
【易错题l】From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation
【答案】B
【错因透视】名词的辨析题是高考的重点，主要考查名词在特定语境下的应用，所以必须先弄清题中每个名词的意义及用法，然后根据语境选择符合句意的名词。因为英汉两种语言的差异性，同样一个汉语词汇，翻译成英语时，可能有很多对应的英语单词，但是每一个英语单词所表达的含义和运用的语境不尽相同，其中存在着一些细微的差别，不经过大量的阅读积累，，一般考生是很难把它们分辨开来的。考生在选择时，往往依据字面意思，根据汉语的思维习惯，没有考虑到英美人的习惯表达，而做出错误的选择。因此，要想突破名词辨析这一难关，必须展开广泛阅读，培养语感，进一步熟悉常用名词的惯用场合。
易错点3 混淆特指的定冠词和泛指的不定冠词
【易错题1】This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.
A 不填; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a
【答案】C
【错因透视】形容词的最高级前面通常要加定冠词the；当表示月份的名词后面接of短语加以限定的时候，其前面要加定冠词the。另外，比较级前一般不加定冠词the，但是“the+比较级，the+比较级”是一个固定句式，表示“越……，就越……”，前一句类似于条件句，后一句是主句，主句通常用一般将来时。另外，在比较级表示“两者之中更……”的意思，尤其是出现“of the two”字样的时候，通常比较级前面加定冠词。如：He is the taller of the two brothers．他是兄弟两个中个子较高的一个。
【易错题2】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language .
A. the ; a B. a ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
【答案】B
【错因透视】序数词表示顺序，其前一般要用定冠词the。若序数词表示“又(另)一”、在名次中排“第几”时，序数词前要用不定冠词。如：He asked a question，then a second，then a third…他问了一个问题，又问了第二个，第三个……You should try to get a first or a second in the examination．你应力争在这次考试中得个第一、二名。
【易错题3】We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
【解析】考生容易误选D项，认为sky和world是表示独一无二的名词，按照常识它们的前面应该加定冠词the。但在这里这两个独一无二的名词前面都有了形容词修饰，这就由特指变成泛指了，表示会出现一个什么样的sky和world。
【答案】A
【错因透视】表示独一无二的名词如sky，world，earth，sun，moon等，其前一般加定冠词the，但如果它们的前面加了修饰语，那么这些词就由特指变成泛指了，这时它们的前面应该加不定冠词。如：a new moon一轮新月，a world like ours像我们这样的世界。
易错点4 短语中冠词的运用不当．
【易错题l】What pity that you couldn't be there to receive prize!
A．a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
【答案】C
【错因透视】英语中有很多短语要用到不定冠词，这样的短语常见的有：
at a time每次；as a whole作为整体；as a result因此；all of a sudden突然；have a dance跳舞；have a talk谈话；have a rest休息一下；have aswim游泳；have a quarrel吵架；have a fever发烧；have a toothache牙痛；have a cold患感冒；have a word withsb．同某人谈话；have a try试一下；have a good time玩得高兴；have a look看一看；have a headache头痛；‘have a 【答案】A
【错因透视】英语中有些固定搭配中不用冠词，常见的有：at dawn在黎明；at noon在正午；at dusk在黄昏；at night在夜间；at times有时；at work在工作；at first起初；at last终于；at home在家；on fire着火；on show在展出；on foot步行；on duty值日；on time准时；on business因公出差；on holiday在度假；on leave在休假；on watch值班；go to school
易错点3混淆用冠词和不用冠词的不同
【易错题1】Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.
A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a
易错点5对零冠词的用法把握不到位
【易错题l】Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in weather around the world.
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是忽略了air pollution是抽象名词，在这里是泛指，故其前不加冠词；weather尽管也是抽象名词，但是在这里是特指全球的气候，故其前加the。
【答案】A
【错因透视】不可数名词(包括抽象名词和物质名词)在不特指的情况下，前面通常不加定冠词。
【易错题2】 Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops，or to use wood as fuel or as building material．
A．the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /
(4)名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时，不可再加冠词。如：Which bus did you take 你乘哪路公交车
(5)家庭成员名称前不用冠词。mother，father，uncle，aunt等家庭成员，当用作专有名词时，不加冠词。如：Mother is watering the flowers．妈妈在浇花。
乘船，走海路；by air／plane乘飞机；by land走陆路，由陆路；by taxi乘出租车；by rail／train乘火车。
跟踪练习：
1、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I really admire the people full of _______. I’m always tired.
—You’d better take more exercise.
A．power B．strength
C．force D．energy
3、（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）The TV series of Gong became popular and the theme song Love the feed sung by Yang Mi was a ______ at once and loved by young people.
A．shock B．strike C．hit D．beat
4、（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）In a natural disaster, minutes and even seconds of warning can make the ______ between life and death.
A．division B．difference
C．separation D．sense
【答案】B
【解析】 考查名词辨析。语意：在自然灾害中，数分钟甚至是数秒钟的警告都能影响人的生死。make a/the difference“产生影响，起作用”，是固定短语，故 difference 正确。
6、（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）If you don’t work hard, it will be of no ______ for others to help you.
A．sympathy B．significance
C．relation D．sign
【答案】B
【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：如果你工作不努力，别人帮助你也无济于事。significance 表示“重要性；意义”，符合句意。
8、（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）He was ______ poorest man here years ago, but now he is ______ rich man.
A．a; the B．/; the C．the; a D．/, a
【答案】C
【解析】 考查冠词用法。形容词的最高级前应用定冠词修饰，故第一空填 the; a rich man 泛指一个富人，故第二空应用不定冠词a。
9、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）______ M (m) oney plays an important role in ______ material world. But you can’t expect it to give you real happiness.
A．A; the B．/; a C．/; the D．The; the
【答案】C
11、（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）My fried’s birthday is coming soon. I would like to go to ______ store, or some place close by to buy him ______ present.
A．the; the B．a; the
C．/; a D．the; a
【答案】D
13、（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality.
A．/; / B．the; /
C．the; a D．the; the
【答案】B
【解析】 考查冠词用法。句意：据说澳大利亚产的羊毛质量很好。“produced in Australia” 是后置定语，所以前一个空格处用 the 表示特指；后一个空格处是“be of＋抽象名词”结构，名词前不用冠词。
14、（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Which of the twin brothers is easier to get on with
—______ younger one. He is ______ most humorous man.
A．A; a B．A; the C．The; a D．The; /
【答案】C2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题06 动词的时态和语态（教师版）
考前必读
动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。应特别注意以下几点：要把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维。高考中常考的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进易错点睛
易错点1 忽视了一般过去时的隐含时间
【易错题】14. Edward, you play so well. But I you played the piano.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known
C. don’t know D. haven’t known
【答案】A
【错因透视】一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作或状态，或过去习惯、经常性的动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday；last week；in 1945，at that time；once；during the war；before；a。few days ago；when等。在since从句中通常用一般过去时，其主句用现在完成时。高考考查一般过去时也不经常出现表示过去的时间状语，这就需要考生根据语境意义进行推测。另外，一般过去时在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时，表示“过去将来”的动作或状态。如He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise．他答应我，如果他得到提升，就给我买一台电脑。
易错点2 没有记住一般现在时的基本用法
【易错题】My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.
A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live
【答案】A
【错因透视】一般现在时表示现在经常或反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。常与always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usually等时间状语连用。在以when，till／until，as soon as，by the time，after，before等引导的时间状语从句和以if，unless，once等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
易错点3对进行时这一时态把握不到位
【易错题1】Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.
A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage
【答案】B
【错因透视】现在进行时表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：The house is beingbuilt these days．这些天那所房子正在被建造。注意：下列现在进行时的特殊含义：
(1)go，come，drive，fly，travel，arrive，leave，start，set off等及一些其他动词的进行时态表示将来时，意思是按计划或安排将要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。如：I’m seeing my guest offat the station tomorrow．明天我要到车站为客人送行。The court is hearing evidence this afternoon．法庭今天下午听取证词。
(2)与频率副词如always，constantly，continually，again，forever等连用时，表示说话人的某种感彩。①表示讨厌、不满，带有埋怨情绪，指责某人一贯的行径。如：He is forever 易错点4 混淆现在完成时和过去完成时
【易错题1】I there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.
A. would be B. have been C. had been D. will be
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是误以为set是一般现在时。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。根据从句语境when I set to work with the scientist可判断出，此处指与这位科学家一起工作之前已过去一周多一点的时间，这里的set是一般过去时，从语境的意义也可以看出这一点。
【答案】C
另外，过去完成时还经常用于下列句式中：(1)hardly／scarcely…when；no sooner…than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me．我剐做完我的工作他就来看我。No soonerhad I arrived home than the telephone rang．我刚到家电话铃就响了。(2)动词hope，expect，think，intend，mean，want，suppose，plan等用过去完成时，表示过去未实现的愿望、打算和意图。这时相当于该词的过去时接动词不定式的完成时。如：I hadhoped that I could do the job．我(当时)希望我能做那份工作。I had intended to see you but 1 wastoo busy．(一I intended to have seen you but 1 was too busy．)我本来打算去看你，但是我当时太忙了·。
易错点5对现在完成进行时理解不透彻
【易错题】--- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
--- I think so. He _______ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
易错点6 混淆一般将来时和将来进行时
【易错题】Daniel's family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy
C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying
易错点7混淆各种时态的被动语态
【易错题】Why does the Lake smell terrible 21世纪教育网
-Because large quantities of water .
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted D. have been polluted
【解析】考生容易误选B项，原因是不知道large quantities of修饰主语时，谓语动词应该用复数，再就是以为大片的水域正在被污染。根据前一个分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是动宾关系，故应用被动语态。
【答案】D
(6)was／were being done过去进行时：A meeting was being held when 1 was there．
(7)shall／will be done一般将来时：Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes．
(8)should／would be done过去将来时：The news would be sent to the soldier’S mother as soon as it arrived．
(2)在need，want，require，bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如：The house needs repairing(to be repaired)．这幢房子需要修理。
(3)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。如：The picture-book is well worth reading．(The picture-book is very worthy to be read．)
跟踪练习
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）If Joe knew anything about car mechanics, I’m sure he would help us fix the car, but he ______ even less than we do.
A．had known B．would know
C．knew D．knows
【答案】D
【解析】 考查时态。空格处所在分句表达的意思是“但是他知道的还没有我们知道的多呢”，叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，另外根据句中的 “do”，也可知应用一般现在时。
（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I’ll call on you at 10:00 tomorrow morning.
—Sorry, I ______ the flight to Shanghai then.
A．have enjoyed B．will be enjoying
C．am enjoying D．am to enjoy
【答案】B
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）—Have you seen Tony recently
—No, but I ______ dinner with him on Sunday.
A．would have B．have been having
C．have had D．am having
【答案】D
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）If you ring the doorbell when visiting our home, you ______ by our dog.
A．will be greeted B．will greet
C．were greeted D．greeted
【答案】A
【解析】 考查时态和语态。句意：你来我家如果按响门铃，我家的狗会迎接你的。在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。来拜访应该是被迎接，故应用被动语态。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）The most delicious cake in the world ______ by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it.
A．makes B．is made
C．is going to make D．is being made
【答案】D
【答案】C
【解析】 考查时态。由牛排闻起来怪怪的可确定牛排已经烧焦了，故使用现在完成时。此处没有体现“过去的过去”，因此不能使用过去完成时。
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）—My mum is not in Beijing now. She has gone to Paris.
—Oh, can you tell me when she ______
A．is leaving B．would leave
C．has left D．left
【答案】D
（合肥市2012年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）This hotel isn’t particularly good, but I ______ in many worse hotels.
A．stay B．have stayed
C．was staying D．had stayed
【答案】B
【答案】B
【解析】 考查时态和语态。既然是“我打算去买那种衣服”，就表明“有人已经告诉了我那种衣服好洗”，所以第一空用现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。第二空填 wash，是动词的主动形式表被动含义，此时 wash well 用于表示其主语的状态或性质，不表动作。
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）—What do you think of the Eiffel Tower
—Splendid. When I was in France, I ______ it.
A．have visited B．had visited
C．could visit D．visited
【答案】D
【解析】 考查时态。根据答句“当我在法国的时候，我去参观了”可知去参观是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时，即D项正确。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题05 动词与动词短语（学生版）
考前必读
动词是英语词汇中的核心，而动词及其构成的短语一直是高考中的热点和难点。它的用法最灵活，其种类比较多，形式复杂。每年高考中对动词短语和动词的考查都会出现2～4道试题，难度也比较大。预测2012年高考中特别要注意动词及其和介词、副词的搭配，以及构成的固定短语，要注意这些短语的意思，同时要在具体的语境中灵活地加以使用。
易错点睛
易错点2对动词短语的辨析不当
【易错题】—I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _______.
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up
跟踪练习：
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）—Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
—OK, I’ll call back later
A．hang up B．break up C．give up D．hold up
（山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2012届高三联考英语）Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ______ with a magnificent view.
A．awarded B．admired C．rewarded D．appreciated
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）Children should be encouraged to try new things but should not be ______ too hard.
A．drawn B．stroke C．rushed D．pushed
（河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）The purpose of the theory is to ______ these experimental findings.
A．involve in B．depend on
C．account for D．consist of
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）Suddenly I realized that I had stayed here long and ______ to say goodbye to the host.
A．raised B．rose C．lifted D．stood
（河南省洛阳市2012届高中三年级统一考试英语）At the edge of the grass, there’s a sign saying “______ the grass”.
A．keep up B．keep away
C．keep off D．keep back
（湖北省孝感市2012届高中三年级第一次统一考试英语）The minister said, “We are ready for discussion with any legal parties, but we’ll never ______ with enemies.”
A．compromise B．quarrel
C．argue D．consult2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题04 非谓语动词（学生版）
考前必读
历年的高考都把非谓语动词作为重中之重或者说重头戏。且不说其它类型的题中对非谓语动词的考查，单说每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对非谓语动词的测试。不定式和现在分词形式多样，结构复杂，内涵丰富,功能较多, 最能体现英易错点睛
易错点1 忽视with复合结构中宾语补足语的形式
【易错题】Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions
A. taking B. take C. taken D .to take
【易错题4】They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
易错点5非谓语动词作宾语的误用
易错点6不善于分析句子结构。对非谓语动词的一些特殊句式把握不准确
【易错题l】You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ____ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）Raymond entered college at the age of eighteen, ______ four years later at the head of his class.
A．graduating B．graduated
C．to graduate D．having graduated
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）Liu Xiang attended an important meeting ______ in the Great Hall of the People last month.
A．held B．to have held
C．to be held D．holding
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）Last Monday, I was asked to give the new students a test ______ their English level.
A．evaluating B．to have evaluated
C．to evaluate D．having evaluated
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）In Bangkok severe flooding, many major roads ______ north, towards the areas worst affected by the flooding, were largely impassable.
A．to lead B．leading
C． led D．to be led
（宁夏银川一中2012届高三年级第四次考试英语）—The new Wanda Plaza has been open!
—I’ve got the news. But many people found when they got there, they should first consider ______ their cars.
A．parking B．where parking
C．to park D．where to park2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题04 非谓语动词（教师版）
考前必读
历年的高考都把非谓语动词作为重中之重或者说重头戏。且不说其它类型的题中对非谓语动词的考查，单说每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对非谓语动词的测试。不定式和现在分词形式多样，结构复杂，内涵丰富,功能较多, 最能体现英易错点睛
易错点1 忽视with复合结构中宾语补足语的形式
【易错题】Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions
A. taking B. take C. taken D .to take
【答案】C
【错因透视】with的复合结构是指“with+宾语(名词或代词)+非谓语动词(分词、不定式)、介词短语、形容词或副词等”所构成的一种独立结构。
该结构内部若有动词，则其非谓语形式的选用要注意三点：若内部动词表示将来(无论主动还是被动)，则用不定式；若内部动词表示被动且属过去，则用过去分词；若内部动词表示持续的主动动作，则用现在分词。如：With the good teacher teaching us English，we had no trouble passing the test．(宾语补足语用现在分词表示主动)有这位好老师教我们英语，我们通过考试没有困难。With all the work done，we went to play basketball．我们的工作都做完了，我们就去打篮球了。(宾语补足语用过去分词表示被动)With a lot of work to do，she doesn’t have time to go to thecinema．有那么多工作要做，她没有时间去看电影。(宾语补足语用动词不定式表示将来的动作)She left the office with tears in her eyes．她眼含泪花离开了办公室。(介词短语作宾补)
【答案】B
【错因透视】过去分词短语作状语，与句子的主语是动宾关系，而且表示已经完成的动作。作状语的过去分词短语改写为状语从句的时候，往往是改为被动语态形式。如：Seen from the hill(=When it is seen from the hill)，the city looks magnificent．Depressed(=Since he was depressed)。he went to see hiselder sister。They came in，followed by some children．=They came in and were followed by some children．
【易错题2】___the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. to complete
(2)作结果状语，可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。不定式作结果状语的常用结构：
①never to do表示“再也没有”。如：In 1935，he left home never to return．1935年，他离开家再也没有回来。
【易错题3】The play _______ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
A. produced B. being produced
C. to be produced D. having been produced
【解析】考生容易误选A项，忽视了表示将来的时间状语next month。这里用动词不定式的被动形式表示将来被做。
【答案】C
【易错题4】They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
【解析】考生容易误选C项，忽视了这儿是keep sth．doing的固定句式，也就是现在分词作动词keep的宾语补足语。traffic与run之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。
【答案】D
【错因透视】现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与补足语的关系是主动的；过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与补足语之间的关系是被动的。总的说来，能跟过去分词或现在分词作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为三类：
(1)make，get，have，keep等使役动词，此类动词使用最广泛。如：The thief kept his money hidden inhis shoes．那个小偷把钱藏在鞋里。
(3)like，want，wish，order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的词。如：The manager doesn’t like suchquestions discussed at the meeting．经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。另外，动词不定式做宾语补足语表示将来要做的事情。
能跟动词不定式作补足语的动词主要有以下几类：
(1)下列动词常用“动词+宾语+不定式”的结构：advise劝告，allow允许，ask要求，邀请，beg请求，cause引起，command命令，encourage鼓励，entitle使有资格，forbid禁止，force强迫，get请，得到，help帮助，invite吸引，邀请，lead引起，mean意欲，打算，need需要，order命令，permit允许，persuade劝导，prefer喜欢，宁愿，recommend劝告，推荐，remind提醒，request请求，require要求，teach教，tell告诉，want想要，warn告诫，wish希望。如：Father will not allow us to play on the street．父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
易错点5非谓语动词作宾语的误用
【易错题l】Bill suggested a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
【解析】考生容易误选B项，忽视了suggest后面只能接动名词而不能接动词不定式作宾语的用法。
【答案】C
to work／business开始干正事；contribute to贡献；react to对……反应；in addition to除外；on the／one’s way to在去……的路上；be contrary to与……相反；objection to反对；be opposed to反对；in contrast to与……成对比；as to关于；be accustomed to习惯于
【易错题2】-- Robert is indeed a wise man.
-- Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ____ his advice!
A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking
【解析】考生容易误选C项，忽视了regret接动名词或动词不定式作宾语的不同含义。答句的意思是：好多次我都后悔没听他的劝告。regret后接动名词作宾语表示后悔做了某事，接不定式作宾语袁示“(为将要做的事或说的话)抱歉，遗憾”。
【答案】D
悔跟她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)I regret to have to do this，but Ihave no choice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做)(5)try to do sth．努力／企图做某事；try doing sth．试验／试一试某种办法。如：You must try to bemore careful．你可要多加小心。Let’s try doing the work some other way．让我们试一试用其他办法来做这项工作。(6)mean to do sth．打算／有意要做某事；mean doing sth．意味着做某事。如：I didn’t mean to hurtyour feelings．我不是有意要伤害你的感情。This illness will mean(your)going to hospital．得了这种病(你)就要去医院。
易错点6不善于分析句子结构。对非谓语动词的一些特殊句式把握不准确
【易错题l】You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ____ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking【答案】D
【错因透视】分析句子的结构非常重要，记住have difficulty(in)doing：have作“有”解时，后接情感名词(in可省略)，再接动名词。这类词还有difficulty，trouble，problem，fun，a hard time，a good time等。
表示做某事有／没有困难的结构：
have some／great／no／little…dimculty／trouble with sth．在做某事方面有些／很大／没有……困难
He has much dIfficulty／trouble(in)pronouncing some English words．他读某些英语单词时困难很大。
He has much difficulty／trouble with his English pronunciation．他在英语发音方面有很大困难。
Do you know what trouble we had finding you 你知道我们克服了多大的困难才找到你吗
跟踪练习
（2012年西安市高三年级第一次质量检测试题英语）Raymond entered college at the age of eighteen, ______ four years later at the head of his class.
A．graduating B．graduated
C．to graduate D．having graduated
【答案】A
【答案】A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。解题方法为还原法，即将从句中省略的与主句相同的主语及系动词补上，补全后为 “When she was asked about...”, ask 与 she 之间是动宾关系，故选A．
（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）The 12th Chinese National Winter Games ______ in Changchun soon will be a success.
A．being held B．holding
C．held D．to be held
（北京市东城区2012届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）Liu Xiang attended an important meeting ______ in the Great Hall of the People last month.
A．held B．to have held
C．to be held D．holding
【答案】A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：上周一我给新生举行了一次测试来评估一下他们的英语水平。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示目的。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）In 2010, Forbes listed Mickey Mouse as the world’s most valuable cartoon character, ______ $ 5.8 billion a year in sales worldwide.
A．made B．to make C．makes D．making
【答案】D
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作 Mickey Mouse 的后置定语，可排除C项；因 Mickey Mouse 与 make 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故 make 应用其-ing 形式。
（北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）—What will today’s talk be about
—In the lecture ______, the professor will tell us something about modern English usage.
A．following B．followed
C．to follow D．to be followed
（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）In Bangkok severe flooding, many major roads ______ north, towards the areas worst affected by the flooding, were largely impassable.
A．to lead B．leading
C．led D．to be led
【答案】B
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在曼谷的大洪水中，许多通往北方、朝向受洪水影响最严重地区的道路，大部分都无法通行。此处是-ing 分词短语作后置定语，修饰 roads。roads 与 lead 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）In the job interviews, job applicants often find themselves ______ unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.
A．to ask B．asked
C．to be asked D．asking
【答案】B
【答案】D
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当女孩得知她获得了英语演讲比赛第一名时，她多么高兴啊！本句陈述句形式是 “The girl was pleased to learn that she got the first place in the English speech contest.”。
（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）______ 2010 in China, the number of students ______ to study art is rising a lot.
A．Compared with; choosing B．Comparing to; choose
C．Comparing with; chosen D．Compared to; chosen
【答案】A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与2010年相比，在中国选择学习艺术的学生数量在大量增加。compared with/to sth. 表示“（尺寸、质量、数量）与某事物相比”，前半句是过去分词短语作状语，the number 与 compare 之间是动宾关系；“choosing to study art” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 students。2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列
专题01 名词与冠词（学生版）
考前必读
名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的能力。2012年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。
易错点睛
易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法
【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party
—I should say it was ______ success.
A. a; a B. The; a C. a;不填 D. the; 不填
易错点3 混淆特指的定冠词和泛指的不定冠词
【易错题1】This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.
A 不填; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a
【易错题2】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language .
A. the ; a B. a ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
【易错题3】We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
易错点3混淆用冠词和不用冠词的不同
【易错题1】Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.
A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a
跟踪练习：
1、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I really admire the people full of _______. I’m always tired.
—You’d better take more exercise.
A．power B．strength
C．force D．energy
2、（2012年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）Have you heard the traffic ______ that happened in Yatai Street last week
A．accident B． affair C．incident D．event
5、（浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）Two of my friends are having their weddings on the same day, and I’m in a real ______ about which one to go to.
A．situation B．choice C．trick D．dilemma
6、（山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）If you don’t work hard, it will be of no ______ for others to help you.
A．sympathy B．significance
C．relation D．sign
9、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）______ M (m) oney plays an important role in ______ material world. But you can’t expect it to give you real happiness.
A．A; the B．/; a C．/; the D．The; the
12、—How did you do in your essay
—I got ____ okay grade, but Mr. Jones gave Sarah top marks. She's ____ teacher's pet, you know.
A． 不填; a B． an; 不填 C． 不填; the D． an; a
13、（北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality.
A．/; / B．the; /
C．the; a D．the; the