2013年高考英语真题试卷（上海卷）

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2013年高考英语真题试卷（上海卷）
一、单项选择
1.—
I’m
looking
for
a
nearby
place
for
my
holiday.
Any
good
ideas?
—
How
about
the
Moon
Lake?
It
is
________
easy
reach
of
the
city.
A.?by?????????????????????????B.?beyond?????????????????????????C.?within?????????????????????????D.?from
2.Those
who
smoke
heavily
should
remind
________
of
health,
the
bad
smell
and
the
feelings
of
other
people.
A.?theirs?????????????????????B.?them?????????????????????C.?themselves?????????????????????D.?oneself
3.Bob
called
to
tell
his
mother
that
he
couldn’t
enter
the
house,
for
he
________
his
key
at
school.
A.?had
left???????????????B.?would
leave???????????????C.?was
leaving???????????????D.?has
left
4.It’s
a
________
clock,
made
of
brass
and
dating
from
the
nineteenth
century.
A.?charming
French
small???????????????????????B.?French
small
charming
C.?small
French
charming???????????????????????D.?charming
small
French
5.The
school
board
is
made
up
of
parents
who
________
to
make
decisions
about
school
affairs.
A.?had
been
elected????????????????????????????????B.?had
elected
C.?have
been
elected??????????????????????????????D.?have
elected
6.They
promised
to
develop
a
software
package
by
the
end
of
this
year,
________
they
might
have.
A.?however
difficult?????????????????????????????????B.?how
difficult
C.?whatever
difficulty??????????????????????????????D.?what
difficulty
7.The
judges
gave
no
hint
of
what
they
thought,
so
I
left
the
room
really
________.
A.?to
be
worried????????????B.?to
worry????????????C.?having
worried????????????D.?worried
8.The
students
are
looking
forward
to
having
an
opportunity
________
society
for
real-life
experience.
A.?explore?????????????????B.?to
explore?????????????????C.?exploring?????????????????D.?explored
9.I
have
no
idea
________
the
cell
phone
isn’t
working,
so
could
you
fix
it
for
me?
A.?what????????????????????????????B.?why????????????????????????????C.?if????????????????????????????D.?which
10.Young
people
may
risk
________
deaf
if
they
are
exposed
to
very
loud
music
every
day.
A.?to
go????????????????B.?to
have
gone????????????????C.?going????????????????D.?having
gone
11.Sophia
got
an
e-mail
________
her
credit
card
account
number.
A.?asking
for?????????????B.?ask
for?????????????C.?asked
for?????????????D.?having
asked
for
12.I
cannot
hear
the
professor
clearly
as
there
is
too
much
noise
________
I
am
sitting.
A.?before????????????????????????B.?until????????????????????????C.?unless????????????????????????D.?where
13.________
at
the
photos,
illustrations,
title
and
headings
and
you
can
guess
what
the
reading
is
about.
A.?To
look?????????????????B.?Looking?????????????????C.?Having
looked?????????????????D.?Look
14.An
ecosystem
consists
of
the
living
and
nonliving
things
in
an
area
________
interact
with
one
another.
A.?that??????????????????????????B.?where??????????????????????????C.?who??????????????????????????D.?what
15.Among
the
crises
that
face
humans
________
the
lack
of
natural
resources.
A.?is?????????????????????????B.?are?????????????????????????C.?is
there?????????????????????????D.?are
there
16.Some
people
care
much
about
their
appearance
and
always
ask
if
they
look
fine
in
________
they
are
wearing.
A.?that??????????????????????????B.?what??????????????????????????C.?how??????????????????????????D.?which
二、完形填空
17.完形填空
???
Over
the
past
few
decades,
more
and
more
countries
have
opened
up
the
markets,
increasingly
transforming
the
world
economy
into
one
free-flowing
global
market.
The
question
is：Is
economic
globalization
1
?for
all?
???
According
to
the
World
Bank,
one
of
its
chief
supporters,
economic
globalization
has
helped
reduce
2
?in
a
large
number
of
developing
countries.
It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth
3
?to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries
as
a
result
of
integration
(融合)
of
local
economies
into
the
world
economy.
Home
to
some
three
billion
people,
these
twenty-four
countries
have
seen
incomes
4
?at
an
average
rate
of
five
percent—compared
to
two
percent
in
developed
countries.
???
Those
who
5
?globalization
claim
that
economies
in
developing
countries
will
benefit
from
new
opportunities
for
small
and
home-based
businesses.
6
,
small
farmers
in
Brazil
who
produce
nuts
that
would
originally
have
sold
only
in
7
?open-air
markets
can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet.
???
Critics
take
a
different
view,
believing
that
economic
globalization
is
actually
8
?the
gap
between
the
rich
and
poor.
A
study
carried
out
by
the
U.N.-sponsored
World
Commission
on
the
Social
Dimension
of
Globalization
shows
that
only
a
few
developing
countries
have
actually
9
?from
integration
into
the
world
economy
and
that
the
poor,
the
uneducated,
unskilled
workers,
and
native
peoples
have
been
left
behind.
10
,
they
maintain
that
globalization
may
eventually
threaten
emerging
businesses.
For
example,
Indian
craftsmen
who
currently
seem
to
benefit
from
globalization
because
they
are
able
to
11
?their
products
may
soon
face
fierce
competition
that
could
put
them
out
of
12
.
When
large-scale
manufacturers
start
to
produce
the
same
goods,
or
when
superstores
like
Wal-Mart
move
in,
these
small
businesses
will
not
be
able
to
13
?and
will
be
crowded
out.
???
One
thing
is
certain
about
globalization—there
is
no
14
.
Advances
in
technology
combined
with
more
open
policies
have
already
created
an
interconnected
world.
The
15
?now
is
finding
a
way
to
create
a
kind
of
globalization
that
works
for
the
benefit
of
all.?????????????
??(347
words)
1.
A.
possible
B.
smooth
C.
good
D.
easy
2.
A.
crime
B.
poverty
C.
conflict
D.
population
3.
A.
contributing
B.
responding
C.
turning
D.
owing
4.
A.
remain
B.
drop
C.
shift
D.
increase
5.
A.
doubt
B.
define
C.
advocate
D.
ignore
6.
A.
In
addition
B.
For
instance
C.
In
other
words
D.
All
in
all
7.
A.
mature
B.
new
C.
local
D.
foreign
8.
A.
finding
B.
exploring
C.
bridging
D.
widening
9.
A.
suffered
B.
profited
C.
learned
D.
withdrawn
10.
A.
Furthermore
B.
Therefore
C.
However
D.
Otherwise
11.
A.
consume
B.
deliver
C.
export
D.
advertise
12.
A.
trouble
B.
business
C.
power
D.
mind
13.
A.
keep
up
B.
come
in
C.
go
around
D.
help
out
14.
A.
taking
off
B.
getting
along
C.
holding
out
D.
turning
back
15.
A.
agreement
B.
prediction
C.
outcome
D.
challenge
三、阅读理解
18.阅读理解
???
For
some
people,
music
is
no
fun
at
all.
About
four
percent
of
the
population
is
what
scientists
call
“amusic.”
People
who
are
amusic
are
born
without
the
ability
to
recognize
or
reproduce
musical
notes
(音调).
Amusic
people
often
cannot
tell
the
difference
between
two
songs.
Amusics
can
only
hear
the
difference
between
two
notes
if
they
are
very
far
apart
on
the
musical
scale.
?
??As
a
result,
songs
sound
like
noise
to
an
amusic.
Many
amusics
compare
the
sound
of
music
to
pieces
of
metal
hitting
each
other.
Life
can
be
hard
for
amusics.
Their
inability
to
enjoy
music
set
them
apart
from
others.
It
can
be
difficult
for
other
people
to
identify
with
their
condition.
In
fact,
most
people
cannot
begin
to
grasp
what
it
feels
like
to
be
amusic.
Just
going
to
a
restaurant
or
a
shopping
mall
can
be
uncomfortable
or
even
painful.
That
is
why
many
amusics
intentionally
stay
away
from
places
where
there
is
music.
However,
this
can
result
in
withdrawal
and
social
isolation.
“I
used
to
hate
parties,”
says
Margaret,
a
seventy-year-old
woman
who
only
recently
discovered
that
she
was
amusic.
By
studying
people
like
Margaret,
scientists
are
finally
learning
how
to
identify
this
unusual
condition.
??
?Scientists
say
that
the
brains
of
amusics
are
different
from
the
brains
of
people
who
can
appreciate
music.
The
difference
is
complex,
and
it
doesn’t
involve
defective
hearing.
Amusics
can
understand
other
nonmusical
sounds
well.
They
also
have
no
problems
understanding
ordinary
speech.
Scientists
compare
amusics
to
people
who
just
can’t
see
certain
colors.
??
?Many
amusics
are
happy
when
their
condition
is
finally
diagnosed
(诊断).
For
years,
Margaret
felt
embarrassed
about
her
problem
with
music.
Now
she
knows
that
she
is
not
alone.
There
is
a
name
for
her
condition.
That
makes
it
easier
for
her
to
explain.
“When
people
invite
me
to
a
concert,
I
just
say,
‘No
thanks,
I’m
amusic,’”
says
Margaret.
“I
just
wish
I
had
learned
to
say
that
when
I
was
seventeen
and
not
seventy.”
(335
words)
（1）Which
of
the
following
is
true
of
amusics?
A.Listening
to
music
is
far
from
enjoyable
for
them.
B.They
love
places
where
they
are
likely
to
hear
music.
C.They
can
easily
tell
two
different
songs
apart.
D.Their
situation
is
well
understood
by
musicians.
（2）According
to
paragraph
3,
a
person
with
“defective
hearing”
is
probably
one
who
__________.
A.dislikes
listening
to
speeches
B.can
hear
anything
nonmusical
C.has
a
hearing
problem
D.lacks
a
complex
hearing
system
（3）In
the
last
paragraph,
Margaret
expressed
her
wish
that
__________.
A.her
problem
with
music
had
been
diagnosed
earlier
B.she
were
seventeen
years
old
rather
than
seventy
C.her
problem
could
be
easily
explained
D.she
were
able
to
meet
other
amusics
（4）What
is
the
passage
mainly
concerned
with?
A.Amusics’
strange
behaviours.
B.Some
people’s
inability
to
enjoy
music.
C.Musical
talent
and
brain
structure.
D.Identification
and
treatment
of
amusics.
19.阅读理解
?????????????????????????????????
???(268
words)
（1）According
to
Warranty
Limitations,
a
product
can
be
under
warranty
if
__________.
????
A.shipped
from
a
Canadian
factory??
B.rented
for
home
use
C.?repaired
by
the
user
himself???
D.used
in
the
U.S.
（2）According
to
Owner’s
Responsibilities,
an
owner
has
to
pay
for
__________.
A.the
loss
of
the
sales
receipt
B.a
servicer’s
overtime
work
C.the
product
installation
D.a
mechanic’s
transportation
（3）Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
warranty?
A.Consequential
damages
are
excluded
across
America.
B.A
product
damaged
in
a
natural
disaster
is
covered
by
the
warranty.
C.A
faulty
cabinet
due
to
rust
can
be
replaced
free
in
the
second
year.
D.Free
repair
is
available
for
a
product
used
improperly
in
the
first
year.
20.阅读理解
???
A
team
of
engineers
at
Harvard
University
has
been
inspired
by
Nature
to
create
the
first
robotic
fly.
The
mechanical
fly
has
become
a
platform
for
a
series
of
new
high-tech
integrated
systems.
Designed
to
do
what
a
fly
does
naturally,
the
tiny
machine
is
the
size
of
a
fat
housefly.
Its
mini
wings
allow
it
to
stay
in
the
air
and
perform
controlled
flight
tasks.
???
?“It's
extremely
important
for
us
to
think
about
this
as
a
whole
system
and
not
just
the
sum
of
a
bunch
of
individual
components
(元件),”
said
Robert
Wood,
the
Harvard
engineering
professor
who
has
been
working
on
the
robotic
fly
project
for
over
a
decade.
A
few
years
ago,
his
team
got
the
go-ahead
to
start
piecing
together
the
components.
“The
added
difficulty
with
a
project
like
this
is
that
actually
none
of
those
components
are
off
the
shelf
and
so
we
have
to
develop
them
all
on
our
own,”
he
said.
???
They
engineered
a
series
of
systems
to
start
and
drive
the
robotic
fly.
“The
seemingly
simple
system
which
just
moves
the
wings
has
a
number
of
interdependencies
on
the
individual
components,
each
of
which
individually
has
to
perform
well,
but
then
has
to
be
matched
well
to
everything
it's
connected
to,”
said
Wood.
The
flight
device
was
built
into
a
set
of
power,
computation,
sensing
and
control
systems.
Wood
says
the
success
of
the
project
proves
that
the
flying
robot
with
these
tiny
components
can
be
built
and
manufactured.
???
While
this
first
robotic
flyer
is
linked
to
a
small,
off-board
power
source,
the
goal
is
eventually
to
equip
it
with
a
built-in
power
source,
so
that
it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers'
fields
or
on
the
battlefield.
“Basically
it
should
be
able
to
take
off,
land
and
fly
around,”
he
said.
???
Wood
says
the
design
offers
a
new
way
to
study
flight
mechanics
and
control
at
insect-scale.
Yet,
the
power,
sensing
and
computation
technologies
on
board
could
have
much
broader
applications.
“You
can
start
thinking
about
using
them
to
answer
open
scientific
questions,
you
know,
to
study
biology
in
ways
that
would
be
difficult
with
the
animals,
but
using
these
robots
instead,”
he
said.
“So
there
are
a
lot
of
technologies
and
open
interesting
scientific
questions
that
are
really
what
drives
us
on
a
day
to
day
basis.”
（1）The
difficulty
the
team
of
engineers
met
with
while
making
the
robotic
fly
was
that
__________.
A.they
had
no
model
in
their
mind
B.they
did
not
have
sufficient
time
C.they
had
no
ready-made
components?
D.they
could
not
assemble
the
components
（2）It
can
be
inferred
from
paragraphs
3
and
4
that
the
robotic
fly
__________.
A.consists
of
a
flight
device
and
a
control
system
B.can
just
fly
in
limited
areas
at
the
present
time
C.can
collect
information
from
many
sources
D.has
been
put
into
wide
application
（3）Which
of
the
following
can
be
learned
from
the
passage?
A.The
robotic
flyer
is
designed
to
learn
about
insects.
B.Animals
are
not
allowed
in
biological
experiments.
C.There
used
to
be
few
ways
to
study
how
insects
fly.
D.Wood’s
design
can
replace
animals
in
some
experiments.
（4）Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Father
of
Robotic
Fly?
B.Inspiration
from
Engineering
Science
C.Robotic
Fly
Imitates
Real
Life
Insect
D.Harvard
Breaks
Through
in
Insect
Study
四、任务型阅读
21.选词填空
A.
restore?????
B.
recall?????????
C.
processing?????
D.
previously???
E.
necessary???
F.
locating???
G.
instead?????
H.
fascinating?????
I.
elsewhere???
J.
composition
???
As
infants,
we
can
recognize
our
mothers
within
hours
of
birth.
In
fact,
we
can
recognize
the
________?of
our
mother’s
face
well
before
we
can
recognize
her
body
shape.
It's
________?how
the
brain
can
carry
out
such
a
function
at
such
a
young
age,
especially
since
we
don’t
learn
to
walk
and
talk
until
we
are
over
a
year
old.
By
the
time
we
are
adults,
we
have
the
ability
to
distinguish
around
100,000
faces.
How
can
we
remember
so
many
faces
when
many
of
us
find
it
difficult
to
________?such
a
simple
thing
as
a
phone
number?
The
exact
process
is
not
yet
fully
understood,
but
research
around
the
world
has
begun
to
define
the
specific
areas
of
the
brain
and
processes
________?for
facial
recognition.
??
?Researchers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
believe
that
they
have
succeeded
in
________?a
specific
area
of
the
brain
called
the
fusiform
face
area
(FFA),
which
is
used
only
for
facial
recognition.
This
means
that
recognition
of
familiar
objects
such
as
our
clothes
or
cars,
is
from
________?in
the
brain.
Researchers
also
have
found
that
the
brain
needs
to
see
the
whole
face
for
recognition
to
take
place.
It
had
been
________?thought
that
we
only
needed
to
see
certain
facial
features.
Meanwhile,
research
at
University
College
London
has
found
that
facial
recognition
is
not
a
single
process,
but
________?involves
three
steps.
The
first
step
appears
to
be
an
analysis
of
the
physical
features
of
a
person’s
face,
which
is
similar
to
how
we
scan
the
bar
codes
of
our
groceries.
In
the
next
step,
the
brain
decides
whether
the
face
we
are
looking
at
is
already
known
or
unknown
to
us.
And
finally,
the
brain
furnishes
the
information
we
have
collected
about
the
person
whose
face
we
are
looking
at.
This
complex
________is
done
in
a
split
second
so
that
we
can
behave
quickly
when
reacting
to
certain
situations.
22.任务型阅读
???
A
study
of
more
than
five
million
books,
both
fiction
and
non-fiction,
has
found
a
marked
decline
in
the
use
of
emotional
words
over
time.
The
researchers
form
the
University
of
Bristol
used
Google
Ngram
Viewer,
a
facility
for
finding
the
frequency
of
terms
in
scanned
books,
to
search
for
more
than
600
particular
words
identified
as
representing
anger,
dislike,
fear,
joy,
sadness
and
surprise.
?
??They
found
that
almost
all
of
the
categories
(类别)
showed
a
drop
in
these
“mood
words”
over
time.
Only
in
the
category
of
fear
was
there
an
increase
in
usage.
?
??“It
is
a
steady
and
continuous
decrease,”
said
Dr
Alberto
Acerbi.
He
assumed
that
the
result
might
be
explained
by
a
change
in
the
position
occupied
by
literature,
in
a
crowded
media
landscape.
“One
thing
could
be
that
in
parallel
to
books
the
20th
century
saw
the
start
of
other
media.
Maybe
these
media—movies,
radio,
drama—had
more
emotional
content
than
books.”
?
??Although
both
joy
and
sadness
followed
the
general
downwards
trend,
the
research,
published
in
the
journal
PLOS
One,
found
that
they
also
exhibited
another
interesting
behaviour：the
ratio
(比率)
between
the
two
varied
greatly,
apparently
mirroring
historical
events.
?
??During
the
Roaring
Twenties
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
reached
a
peak
that
would
not
occur
again
until
before
the
recent
financial
crash.
But
the
ratio
plunged
at
the
height
of
the
Second
World
War.
Nevertheless,
the
researchers
held
a
reserved
opinion
about
their
claim
that
their
result
reflected
wider
social
trends.
In
the
paper,
they
even
argue
that
the
reverse
could
be
true.
?
??“It
has
been
suggested,
for
example,
that
it
was
the
suppression
(压抑)
of
desire
in
ordinary
Elizabethan
English
life
that
increased
demand
for
writing
‘filled
with
romance
and
sex’?
perhaps,”
they
conclude,
“songs
and
books
may
not
reflect
the
real
population
any
more
than
catwalk
models
reflect
the
average
body.”
???
?(Note：Answer
the
questions
or
complete
the
statements
in
NO
MORE
THAN
TEN
WORDS.)
（1）A
study
of
more
than
five
million
books
indicated
a
decline
in
“mood
words”
over
time
except________
（2）According
to
Dr
Alberto
Acerbi,
one
reason
for
the
drop
of
“mood
words”
in
books
may
be
that________
（3）What
were
the
two
periods
when
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
was
at
its
highest?
（4）While
the
researchers
found
some
changes
in
the
use
of
“mood
words”
in
books,
they
werenot
sure
that________
五、七选五
23.七选五
A.
Healthy
way
of
life
giving
way
to
overuse
of
medicine
B.
Different
findings
as
to
taking
additional
vitamin
C.
EU’s
response
to
overuse
of
health
products
D.
Worrying
increase
in
multivitamin
advertising
E.
EU
directive
for
the
benefit
of
individuals
F.
EU
directive
against
prediction
in
novels
（1）________
??????
The
use
of
health
supplements
such
as
multivitamin
tablets
has
increased
greatly
in
the
western
world.
People
take
these
supplements
because
advertising
suggests
that
they
prevent
a
range
of
medical
conditions
from
developing.
However,
there
is
concern
that
people
are
consuming
worryingly
high
doses
of
these
supplements
and
the
European
Union
(EU)
has
issued
a
directive
that
will
ban
the
sale
of
a
wide
range
of
them.
This
EU
directive
should
be
supported.
???
2??????
??????
Research
suggests
that
people
who
take
Vitamin
C
supplements
of
over
5000
milligrams
a
day
are
more
likely
to
develop
cancer.
This
shows
how
much
damage
these
health
supplements
do
to
people’s
health.
A
spokesman
for
the
health
supplement
industry
has
argued
that
other
research
shows
that
Vitamin
C
supplements
help
prevent
heart
disease,
but
we
can
dismiss
this
evidence
as
it
is
from
a
biased
source.
?????
3??????
?????
Science
fiction
of
the
1960s
and
1970s
predicted
that
pills
would
replace
meals
as
the
way
in
which
people
would
get
the
fuel
they
needed.
This,
it
was
argued,
would
mean
a
more
efficient
use
of
time
as
people
wouldn’t
have
to
waste
it
preparing
or
eating
meals.
The
EU
directive
would
help
prevent
this
nightmare
of
pills
replacing
food
becoming
a
reality.
??????
4?????
Peop0le
already
take
too
many
pills
instead
of
adopting
a
healthier
lifestyle.
For
example,
the
consumption
of
painkillers
in
Britain
in
1998
was
21
tablets
per
year
for
every
man,
woman
and
child
in
the
country.
People
do
not
need
all
these
pills.
???
5?????
Some
might
argue
that
the
EU
directive
denies
people’s
right
to
freedom
of
choice.
However,
there
are
many
legal
examples
for
such
intervention
when
it
is
in
the
individual’s
best
interests.
We
now
make
people
wear
seatbelts
rather
than
allowing
them
to
choose
to
do
so.
Opposing
the
EU
directive
would
mean
beneficial
measures
like
this
would
be
threatened.________?________?________?________?
六、翻译
24.翻译（根据所给句子汉语以及句后所给单词，完成句子。）
（1）今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)
（2）舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)
（3）经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)
（4）演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
（5）她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No
sooner)
七、书面表达
25.上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展，现就展出场所（博物馆还是社区图书馆）征集公众意见，假设你是王敏，给上海博物馆写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：
1）简述你写信的目的及你对场所的选择；
2）说明你的理由（从便利性，专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比）。（120-150个单词）
答案解析部分
一、>单项选择
1.【答案】
C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我在找附近适合度假的地方，有什么好主意吗？——月亮湖怎么样？它就在我们市的附近。此处句中reach的意思为“伸出的距离，可达到的距离、范围”，能跟该词搭配的有beyond
(out
of)
reach
“够不着、找不到”
和within
reach“在附近、够得着”。根据上下句的意思可知，选择C项，意为在这个城市的附近。
【点评】考查介词的辨析，区分by，beyond，within，from的含义和用法，以及短语beyond
(out
of)
reach
，within
reach。
2.【答案】
C
【考点】代词
【解析】【分析】句意：那些烟瘾重的人们应当提醒他们自己吸烟对健康的影响、产生的气味和别人的感受。theirs“他们的”；them“他们”，they的宾格形式；themselves“他们自己”；oneself“自己，某人自己”。该句中谓语动词是remind，用法为remind
sb
of
sth，提醒某人某事；或者remind
sb
to
do
sth
提醒某人干某事。根据句意可知是”提醒他们自己”，以及主语those可知，选择C项。
【点评】考查代词的辨析，区分theirs，them，themselves，oneself的用法，以及掌握remind
sb
to
do
sth结构。
3.【答案】
A
【考点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：Bob打电话给他的妈妈，告诉她说他进不了房门，因为他把他的钥匙忘在学校了。根据句意可知，把钥匙忘在学校（leave）的动作发生在打电话（called）之前，called
是过去时，那么忘记钥匙在学校leave就是发生在过去的过去，即过去完成时，故选择A项。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用，结构：had
done，用于“过去的过去”。
4.【答案】
D
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：它是一个迷人的法国小钟，铜质的，从十九世纪就存在了。small,charming和French都是修饰名词clock的形容词，当多个形容词修饰名词时，排列的顺序为“限定描绘大长高，
形状年龄和新老；
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both
my
hands、all
half
his
income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round
square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden,
woolen,
stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical,
college，writing
desk，police
car等”，该题选项中的charming是属于描绘性的，small是大小，French是国籍，根据上面的规则，选择D项。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及多个形容词作定语，排列的顺序为：限定描绘大长高，
形状年龄和新老；
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
5.【答案】
C
【考点】动词的语态，现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：学校的董事会由那些被推选来就学校事务做决定的父母组成的。elect“选举，推选”，它的主语是关系词who所代指的parents，根据句意可知，父母和elect之间是被动关系，因此排除B、D选项。因为主句is
made
up
of是一般现在时，故排除A项，选择C项，表示已经被推选出来。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态，结构：have/has
been
done。
6.【答案】
C
【考点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们承诺在今年年底要开发一个软件包，无论可能会有什么样的困难。和difficult，difficulty搭配的状语从句的连词分别是however
difficult,
whatever
difficulty,
根据they
might
have
可知，此处句型为sb
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
something，因此排除A.B。无论有什么样的困难，即whatever
difficulty
they
have
或者no
matter
what
difficulty
they
have,或者however
difficult
it
might
be,
no
matter
how
difficult
it
might
be.
排除D项。故选择C项。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及whatever引导的让步状语从句，区分however和whatever的用法。
7.【答案】
D
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：裁判一点也没有给出关于他们想法的提示，因此我离开了那个房间，心里非常担心。根据句意可知，此处要用形容词worried修饰主语I，此处作的是主语补足语，该词用法为somebody
be
worried，
因此选择D项。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作主语补足语的应用。
8.【答案】
B
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们都盼望有一个探索社会的机会，来得到真正的生活经验。句型have
an
opportunity
to
do
sth“有机会干某事”，为固定句型，故选择B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作定语，掌握句型have
an
opportunity
to
do
sth.。
9.【答案】
B
【考点】同位语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我不知道为什么手机不能工作了，你能帮我修修吗？根据句子结构可知，后面的从句是一个同位语从句，作名词idea的同位语，根据句意可知，选择B项。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及why引导的同位语从句的应用。
10.【答案】
C
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。risk”冒……的危险“，用法为risk
doing
something，”冒险干某事“，因此排除AB,
D项中额having
done意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择C项。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及risk
doing固定用法，涉及动名词作宾语。
11.【答案】
A
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：索菲亚收到了一封索要她的信用卡账户号码的电子邮件。根据句子结构可知，此处ask
for是非谓语，与逻辑主语e-mail之间是主动关系，因此排除B、C，D项意为已经干了某事，与句意不符，因此选择A项，
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾语补足语的考查。
12.【答案】
D
【考点】地点状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我听不清那个教授在讲什么，因为在我现在坐的地方噪音太大。根据句意，选择D项。
【点评】考点状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句。
13.【答案】
D
【考点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：看那些照片、插图和标题，你就可以猜出那本书是关于什么了。根据and
可知，该句考查的是“祈使句
+and
+陈述句”的句型，and前后为两个并且的句子。例如，Read
that
book
and
you
will
know
more
about
the
machine.
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及祈使句的应用，以及句型“祈使句
+and
+陈述句”。
14.【答案】
A
【考点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：一个生态系统由一个区域内的可以相互作用的生物和非生物成的。根据句意可知，________
interact
with
one
another是定语从句，修饰先行词the
living
and
nonliving
things，故排除what,what不能用于定语从句。
在该定语从句中，interact
缺少主语，因此排除B项。That
既可以代指人，也可以代指物，who只能代指人，根据中的先行词是the
living
and
nonliving
things
是既有人又有物，因此只能选择A项。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
15.【答案】
A
【考点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：缺少自然资源是人类面临的众多危机之一。根据句子结构可知，该句为完全倒装句。用法：表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放句首（该句中为(among
the
crises
that
face
humans)
，句子要使用完全倒装，即把谓语动词提前到主语之前。由此可知，该句的主语为the
lack
of
natural
resources单数，句子本来应为The
lack
of
natural
resources
is
among
the
crises
that
face
humans.
因此选择B项，
【点评】考查倒装句，表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放句首，句子要使用完全倒装。
16.【答案】
B
【考点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些人很关注他们的外表，总是问穿着正穿的衣服看起来是否合适。根据look
fine
in
可知，后面跟的是名词性从句中的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少wear的宾语，选项中that
在名词性从句中是不充当任何成分的，因此排除A；what在名词性从句中充当主语，宾语和表语，意为“什么”因此选择B项，how只能充当状语，因此排除C；which在名词性从句中可以充当主语，宾语和表语，意为“哪一个”，就是要有一个选择的范围才行。选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词what引导的宾语从句。
二、>完形填空
17.【答案】
（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）D；
【考点】议论文，政治经济类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章先提出问题：全球化经济化到底有益吗？然后列出了两种相反的观点：一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。最后得出结论，全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。（1）考查形容词。possible”可能“；
smooth
”顺利的，光滑的，平稳的“；
good”好的“；
easy”简单的“。根据上文“increasingly
transforming
the
world
economy
into
one
free-flowing
global
market”逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场。很明显这是讲的市场开放的好处，因此后面提出问题，“问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）？”，故选择C项。
（2）考查名词。根据下文“It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth
?
3??
to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries
”中的increased
wealth增加的财富，可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题，即选择B项。crime"犯罪";
poverty"贫困";
conflict"冲突";
population"人口"。
（3）考查动词短语。contribute
to
”促成，导致“；
respond
to
”对……做出反应
“；turn
to
”转向，向某人求助“；
owe
to”由于“。
根据下文”improved
education
and
longer
life
“可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，因此选择A项。
（4）考查动词。根据上文”It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth?
?
?3
?
to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries“可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。句意为，这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。remain
”仍然“；
drop”下降
“；shift”变化“；
increase”增加“。因此选择D。
（5）考查动词。doubt
“怀疑”；
define?
“定义、规定、明确”
；advocate?
“提倡、拥护”；
ignore“忽视”。根据下文的
“economies
in
developing
countries
will
benefit
from
new
opportunities
for
small
and
home-based
businesses”发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit
from”可知，该观点的those人们是支持，提倡市场开放的，因此选择C项。
（6）考查固定短语。上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得等多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B
项。for
instance“例如”；in
addition“此外”，表递进关系；in
other
words“换句话说”；all
in
all“总而言之”。
（7）考查形容词。根据下文“can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet.”中的now,
worldwide与前半句的originally和
in
?
7??
open-air
markets
“是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。因此选择C项。local
”当地的“；mature”成熟的“；new”新的“；foreign”国外的“。
（8）考查动词。根据上文“Critics
take
a
different
view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大穷人和富人之间的差距。widen
"变宽
"；find"找到"；explore"探索"；bridge"架桥、度过"，故选择D。
（9）考查动词。suffer”遭受“；
profit”获益、盈利“；learn”学习“；withdraw”撤退、收回“。根据下文“
the
poor,
the
uneducated,
unskilled
workers,
and
native
peoples
have
been
left
behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，即profit
from
sth,”从……中受益、获益“。
（10）考查副词。根据下文的“globalization
may
eventually
threaten
emerging
businesses.”意为全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，因此选择A项。furthermore”此外“，表递进关系；therefore”因此“，因果关系；however”然而“，转折关系
；otherwise”否则“，转折关系。
（11）考查动词。根据上文中的“small
farmers
in
Brazil
who
produce
nuts
that
would
originally
have
sold
only
in
?
7??
open-air
markets
can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口商品，故选择C。句意：例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。
consume"消耗、消费";
deliver"递送，发表";export”出口“；advertise"做广告"。
（12）考查固定短语。根据“face
fierce
competition
”可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out
of
business.故选择B项。out
of
trouble”
脱离困境
：out
of
business
“破产”；out
of
power
“丧失权利
”；
out
of
mind“心不在焉”。
（13）考查动词短语。keep
up“保持、继续、不落后”；come
in“进来”；go
around“四处走动、供应”；
help
out“帮助……摆脱困境”。
根据上文的out
of
business“破产”和下文的be
crowded
out“被排挤出去”可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选择A。
（14）考查动词短语。根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，因此选择D项，turn
back“往回走”；take
off“起飞，脱掉”
；get
along“相处、进展”；hold
out“伸出、坚持”。
（15）考查名词。agreement“同意、一致”；
prediction“预测、预计”；outcome“后果”；challenge“挑战”。句意，目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词、动词、名词、动词短语、副词以及固定短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析解析，选出正确答案。
三、>阅读理解
18.【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，社会现象类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了一群特殊的人——amusic（没有乐感的人），对他们而言，音乐如同噪音一般，没有任何乐趣。没有欣赏音乐的能力给他们的生活带来了诸多不便，不过，令人高兴的是，他们的这种状况目前已得到诊断，他们的大脑与能够欣赏音乐的人的大脑有所不同，而且这种差异很复杂。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“For
some
people,
music
is
no
fun
at
all”可知，A项正确，句意：对于某些人来说，听音乐并不是开心的事情”和A项的听音乐对他们来说远非是愉快的相同。因此，B项也是错误的。根据第一段中的“People
who
are
amusic
are
born
without
the
ability
to
recognize
or
reproduce
musical
notes
(音调).
Amusic
people
often
cannot
tell
the
difference
between
two
songs.
”可知，C、D两项错误。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。第三段的前两句讲的是不爱听音乐的人和喜欢听音乐的人是不同的，他们之间的区别很复杂，但是“have
no
problems
understanding
ordinary
speech.
”又讲到了这些不爱听音乐的人在理解其他非音乐的声音或者演讲的时候是没有问题的，目的是为了强调他们是正常的，没有什么缺陷的，因此defective
hearing指的是C项的a
hearing
problem,即听觉有问题。句意：他们之间的区别是很负责的，但并不包括听觉有问题这种情况。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”I
just
wish
I
had
learned
to
say
that
when
I
was
seventeen
and
not
seventy.“我希望我在十七岁的时候就学会了这样说，指的是”No
thanks,
I’m
amusic“，谢谢你，我是一个不喜欢听音乐的人，而不是到了七十岁才学会。根据最后一段可知，their
condition
is
finally
diagnosed
(诊断)他们的这种状况终于最后确诊了，他们都属于amusic，但是这来的太迟了，对于Margaret来说，因为之前她总是感到很尴尬，因此她希望她年轻的时候，就可以有现在这样的诊断。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是不喜爱听音乐的一类人，被称之为amusic，他们之前都没有得到统一的诊断或者认识，直到现在。因此选择B项，Some
people’s
inability
to
enjoy
music”一些人无法欣赏音乐“
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的关系，运用逻辑思维，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确的答案。
19.【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了烘干机的保修情况，列举了产品保修的覆盖范围和不属于保修的几种情况。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Warranty
Limitations部分中的“Applies
only
to
product
used
within
the
United?
States
or
in
Canada
”适用于在美国或者加拿大使用的产品，可知D项正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据
Owner’s
Responsibilities部分中的”Pay
for
extra
service
costs,
over
normal
service
charges,
if
servicer
is
requested
to
perform
service
outside
servicer’s
normal
business
hours“可知，需要付额外的服务费用，比通常的服务费用要高，如果维修人员在正常工作时间之外被要求服务的话。因此B项是正确的，即维修人员的超时服务。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“This
warranty
gives
you
specific
legal
rights,
and
you
may
have
others
which
vary
from
state
to
state
”这个保修给予了你具体的合法权利，同时你也可能有其他的一些权利，这在不同的州情况有所不同，因此排除A项，A项意为间接损失在全美都不包括；根据“Product
has
damage
due
to……floods,”可知，由于自然灾害，比如洪水，造成
的损失，是不属于保修的，因此排除B项；根据Product
is
improperly
installed
or
applied意为不恰当的安装和使用造成的损失是不保修的。因此排除D项；由此得出结论，答案是C项，意为机箱第一年内生锈的会免费更换。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉理解细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确的答案。
20.【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The
added
difficulty
with
a
project
like
this
is
that
actually
none
of
those
components
are
off
the
shelf
and
so
we
have
to
develop
them
all
on
our
own”类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，我们不得不靠自己去开发，从中可知，困难就是没有现成的组成部件，即C项。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“he
flight
device
was
built
into
a
set
of
power,
computation,
sensing
and
control
systems”可知A项是错误的；根据第四段中的“While
this
first
robotic
flyer
is
linked
to
a
small,
off-board
power
source”和“Basically
it
should
be
able
to
take
off,
land
and
fly
around,”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行。因此B项是正确的；
根据第四段中的“so
that
it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers’
fields
or
on
the
battlefield”可知该飞行器是在someday将来的某一天才能从不同的地方收集信息，而不是现在，因此排除C项；纵观全文，讲述的是该飞行器尚处于开发的初级阶段，有很多地方需要改善，因此D项广泛投入使用是错误的。综上所述，选B项。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers’
fields
or
on
the
battlefield”可知，A项是错误的；B项中animals
are
not
allowed
是错的，应该是difficult
with
animals,即有些用动物来做试验是困难的，不是不允许；C项在文中并没有提到以前方法的多少，文中只是说offers
a
new
way
to
study，提供了新的方法，故排除C项；根据最后一段中的“
you
know,
to
study
biology
in
ways
that
would
be
difficult
with
the
animals,
but
using
these
robots
instead”，可知，有些试验用动物很苦难，但是可以用机器人来替代，故选择D项。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。因此选择C项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的关系，运用逻辑思维，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确的答案。
四、>任务型阅读
21.【答案】
J；H；B；E；F；I；D；G；C
【考点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是关于人类对于面部识别的研究，研究结果显示，大脑中存在一个特定的区域，该区域有别于其他的区域，该区域专门负责面部识别。该过程是一个负责的过程，不是一个简单的过程，包含三个步骤，这些步骤（过程）都是在一瞬间完成的，这样我们就可以在一定的场合做出迅速的反应。
（1）考查名词。根据句子结构可知，此处应填一个名词，即我们的母亲面部的……，选项中可以选择的名词只有3个，即processing
,
recall和composition，分别意为过程、进程；召回，回忆
；作为，作曲，构成
。此处句意为，实际上，在我们认识她们（母亲）的身体体型之前，我们就能很好的认识她们的面部结构。因此选择J。
（2）考查形容词。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应填一个形容词，意为在如此小的年纪，大脑是如何使用这个功能的，这是非常……（的现象），明显fascinating
吸引人的，迷人的，让人感兴趣的，比较合适。
（3）考查动词。根据上一句的“How
can
we
remember
so
many
faces
”可知，此处讲的是记忆/记住东西的问题，即记住10万张脸，记住一个电话号码，因此选择recall意为回想起，句意为，为什么我们能记住多达10张脸，而有的人却连回忆一个电话号码都觉得很困难。
（4）考查形容词。根据句子结构可知，此处填的是一个形容词，此时形容词只剩一个E项未选。意为必须的，该句句意为，我们还无法理解具体的过程是怎样的，但是全世界都已经开始了研究，为了寻找大脑的那个特定区域，和面部识别所必须的过程。
（5）考查动词。根据前面的
have
succeeded
in
可知，此处填的是一个doing
形式的单词，因此只能选择C或者F，C意为过程，进程，F意为查找、定位，根据句意为可知F正确。句意为，麻省理工学院的研究员们相信他们已经找到了大脑中被称为FFA的一个特殊区域。
（6）考查副词。根据上一句的“which
is
used
only
for
facial
recognition”可知，大脑中有一块特定的区域是专门负责人脸识别的，因此，该处选择I意为，我们对熟悉物品的识别，比如衣服或者汽车，是来自大脑别处的（是和人脸识别所用到的那部分大脑是不同的，来自不同的地方）。
（7）考查副词。根据句子机构可知，此处要选择一个词来修饰动词thought,
因此要寻则副词，这里修饰动词的副词只有一个，那就是D项，previously，意为之前地，先前地。句意为，之前人们认为，我们只需要看到某些面部特征即可。
（8）考查副词。根据but可知，前后意思是相反的，句意为，伦敦大学学院的研究发现，面部识别不是一个单一的过程，而是（instead）是包含这三个步骤。
（9）考查名词。根据句子结构可知，此处填的是一个名词，根据上文名词的选择，再根据上文的“
research
at
University
College
London
has
found
that
facial
recognition
is
not
a
single
process”，可知此处只有C项，processing过程，进程符合句意。句意为，这个复杂的过程在一瞬间就完成了，因此，我们就可以迅速地对某种情形作出反应。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、形容词、动词、副词等多个知识点的考查，要求准确掌握所给词汇的含义和词性，并结合语境，做出正确选择。
22.【答案】
（1）in
the
category
of
fear
（2）the
literary
position
has
changed
in
a
crowded
media
landscape
/
other
media—movies,
radio,
drama—
had
more
emotional
content
（3）During
the
roaring
Twenties
and
before
the
recent
financial
crash.
（4）their
research
result
reflected
wider
social
trends
/
songs
and
books
reflected
the
real
population
【考点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，分析了现代文学作品中表现人们情绪、心情的词汇运用大为减少的原因。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Only
in
the
category
of
fear
was
there
an
increase
in
usage”，只有害怕类别的词汇在使用上有所增加，可知。
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第三段中的“He
assumed
that
the
result
might
be
explained
by
a
change
in
the
position
occupied
by
literature,
in
a
crowded
media
landscape.”可知。
（3）考查细节归纳。根据倒数第二段中的'During
the
Roaring
Twenties
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
reached
a
peak
that
would
not
occur
again
until
before
the
recent
financial
crash"可知.
（4）考查细节归纳。根据倒数第二段中的“the
researchers
held
a
reserved
opinion
about
their
claim
that
their
result
reflected
wider
social
trends”可知，其中reserved
opinion指的是“对……有保留意见”。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳题型，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，写出正确的答案。
五、>七选五
23.【答案】
（1）C；B；F；A；E
【考点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是针对人们服用过多的维生素等药物，欧盟出台了一项指令，为了纠正和防止药物的过渡使用所产生的问题。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第一段的内容可知，该段的主要观点是however,之后的内容，前面是提出一个现象，为了引出问题，however之后是文章主要讨论的话题，即there
is
concern
that
people
are
consuming
worryingly
high
doses
of
these
supplements
and
the
European
Union
(EU)
has
issued
a
directive
that
will
ban
the
sale
of
a
wide
range
of
them
，担心人们错误地消费了高剂量的补品，因此EU对此作出了反应，出台了一项指令，将会禁止补品的广泛使用。即C项，UE对过度使用健康产品的反应。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第二段中的“Research
suggests
that
people
who
take
Vitamin
C
supplements
of
over
5000
milligrams
a
day
are
more
likely
to
develop
cancer.”
和“A
spokesman
for
the
health
supplement
industry
has
argued
that
other
research
shows
that
Vitamin
C
supplements
help
prevent
heart
disease”可知，该段主要讲述了两种截然相反的，关于是否要服用额外的维生素C的观点，因此选择B项，讲的是关于服用额外维生素的不同发现。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段的“The
EU
directive
would
help
prevent
this
nightmare
of
pills
replacing
food
becoming
a
reality”可知，欧盟的指令将会阻止这种用药片来代替食物的噩梦成为现实，即F项。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段的“People
already
take
too
many
pills
instead
of
adopting
a
healthier
lifestyle”可知，人们已经服用了太多的药片了，故选择A项。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据最后一段中的“However,
there
are
many
legal
examples
for
such
intervention
when
it
is
in
the
individual’s
best
interests.
..........
Opposing
the
EU
directive
would
mean
beneficial
measures
like
this
would
be
threatened”可知，欧盟的这项指令目的是为了公众的最大利益，即选择E。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、>翻译
24.【答案】
（1）We
enjoyed
ourselves
this
New
Year’s
Day
this
year.
（2）My
uncle
sent
me
a
card
yesterday
to
congratulate
/
congratulating
me
on
my
18th
birthday.
（3）After
years
of
/
years’
construction,
the
little
town
is
now
as
lively
as
it
was
before
the
earthquake
/
it
used
to
be
before
the
earthquake.
（4）The
performance
began
with
a
piece
of
classical
music
which
was
familiar
to
people
in
their
fifties.
（5）No
sooner
had
she
watched
the
TV
program
on
the
extinct
species
than
she
made
up
her
mind
to
join
the
wildlife
protection
organization.
【考点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给句子汉语以及句后所给单词，完成句子。
（1）根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy
oneself。
（2）根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate
的用法是congratulate
sth或者congratulate
sb
on
sth。
（3）根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。
（4）根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb
be
familiar
with
sth
或者sth
be
familiar
to
sb。
（5）no
sooner的句型为no
sooner
...than,因为no
sooner是否定词，因此no
sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。
【点评】本题五个小题涉及短语“enjoy
oneself”、“congratulate
sth”或者“congratulate
sb
on
sth”、“as...as...”、“sb
be
familiar
with
sth”
或者“sth
be
familiar
to
sb”、no
sooner的句型的考查，要求准确掌握几个词组的用法
并结合时态语态，完成句子。
七、>书面表达
25.【答案】Possible
version
1
Dear
Sir
or
Madam:
?
??I
have
heard
from
the
newspaper
that
you,
the
Shanghai
Museum,
are
planning
to
organize
a
famous
painting
exhibition.
And
you
are
now
collecting
suggestions
about
whether
to
hold
it
in
your
museum
or
the
art
gallery.
I
am
now
writing
to
express
my
opinion
that
the
exhibition
should
be
held
in
the
museum.
My
reasons
are
as
follows.
?
??In
terms
of
convenience,
the
museum
has
more
advantages
over
the
gallery.
First,
it
is
located
in
the
People’s
Square,
which
is
the
center
of
the
city.
So
people
can
enjoy
convenient
transportation
such
as
the
subway
line
1,
2
and
8,
which
are
available
to
people
from
nearly
every
district.
It
saves
the
visitors
a
lot
of
time
and
trouble
of
traffic
jam.
Another
advantage
is
that
it
is
easy
to
be
found
by
those
from
other
provinces
around
the
country.
After
all
the
Shanghai
Museum
is
a
landmark
of
our
city
familiar
to
nearly
every
Chinese.
??????
With
regard
to
the
professional
function,
though
it
seems
natural
that
an
art
exhibition
be
set
in
the
gallery,
in
a
more
general
sense,
I
think
the
museum
has
more
advanced
facilities
to
make
the
exhibition
successful
and
to
preserve
the
paintings
well.
As
we
know,
the
museum
has
successfully
held
many
national
and
international
exhibitions
and
its
advertising
and
organizing
experience
is
of
no
match;
also
its
staff
is
qualified
and
professional.
???
To
sum
up,
I
am
sure
the
show
will
be
fantastic
if
it
is
held
in
Shanghai
Museum.
Possible
version
2
To
whom
it
may
concern：
?
??I've
learned
that
an
art
exhibition
is
to
be
held
and
that
you’re
collecting
suggestions
on
its
location.
I'm
writing
this
letter
to
share
with
you
my
opinions.
?
??In
my
opinion,
it
is
more
advisable
to
hold
the
art
exhibition
in
Shanghai
Museum
than
in
community
libraries.
My
reasons
are
as
follows.
???
On
one
hand,
it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
get
to
Shanghai
Museum
which
is
located
in
the
center
of
the
city.
And
the
museum
is
much
more
spacious
than
community
libraries,
which
provides
visitors
with
a
more
comfortable
environment
for
appreciating
art.
?
??On
the
other
hand,
as
a
well-known
museum,
Shanghai
Museum
is
more
professional
and
experienced
in
holding
art
exhibitions.
Its
professional
security
guards
and
advanced
facilities
can
better
protect
those
famous
paintings
from
being
damaged
or
stolen.
?
??Therefore,
I
suggest
the
exhibition
be
held
in
the
museum.
?
??Wang
Min
【考点】提纲作文，文字式应用文，半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达为一篇半开放式作文，要求考生以二选一（在博物馆还是社区图书馆举行画展）的方式写一封信。考生应首先构思写作纲要，选择自己理由充足的一种观点进行构思，要从目的、观点、理由三方面进行陈述，特别是理由陈述部分务必要合乎写作要求。此外还要注意书信体的写作格式；之后便可依据纲要组织语言，进行写作；最后务必要对完成的文章进行深度地检查和润饰，确保语言规范、要点全面、内容充实、论述有力、衔接自然和行文连贯。本篇书面表达给考生留有很大的发挥空间，考生在保证语言无误的前提下，可适量运用一些较为高级的词汇、短语及多样化的句式表达结构，这样才能有效地增加得分的筹码。
【点评】两篇范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式。在第一篇范文中，使用了同位语从句：I
am
now
writing
to
express
my
opinion
that
the
exhibition
should
be
held
in
the
museum.定语从句：People’s
Square,
which
is
the
center
of
the
city.
表语从句：Another
advantage
is
that
it
is
easy
to
be
found
by
those
from
other
provinces
around
the
country.
虚拟语气应用于主语从句：though
it
seems
natural
that
an
art
exhibition
be
set
in
the
gallery...同时运用了as
follows，
in
terms
of
，have
advantages
over
,be
located
in,
familiar
to,with
regard
to,
to
sum
up等短语，增加了文章的可读性；在第二篇范文中，两个宾语从句同时使用：??I've
learned
that
an
art
exhibition
is
to
be
held
and
that
you’re
collecting
suggestions
on
its
location.
it作形式主语的使用：
it
is
more
advisable
to
hold
the
art
exhibition
in
Shanghai
Museum
than
in
community
libraries.定语从句的使用：it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
get
to
Shanghai
Museum
which
is
located
in
the
center
of
the
city.
和And
the
museum
is
much
more
spacious
than
community
libraries,
which
provides
visitors
with
a
more
comfortable
environment
for
appreciating
art.虚拟语气应用于宾语从句：I
suggest
the
exhibition
be
held
in
the
museum.另外fshare
with，
On
one
hand，??On
the
other
hand，in
the
center
of
等词组的使用，使得文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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助您教考全无忧
2013年高考英语真题试卷（上海卷）
一、单项选择
1.—
I’m
looking
for
a
nearby
place
for
my
holiday.
Any
good
ideas?
—
How
about
the
Moon
Lake?
It
is
________
easy
reach
of
the
city.
A.?by?????????????????????????B.?beyond?????????????????????????C.?within?????????????????????????D.?from
【答案】
C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我在找附近适合度假的地方，有什么好主意吗？——月亮湖怎么样？它就在我们市的附近。此处句中reach的意思为“伸出的距离，可达到的距离、范围”，能跟该词搭配的有beyond
(out
of)
reach
“够不着、找不到”
和within
reach“在附近、够得着”。根据上下句的意思可知，选择C项，意为在这个城市的附近。
【点评】考查介词的辨析，区分by，beyond，within，from的含义和用法，以及短语beyond
(out
of)
reach
，within
reach。
2.Those
who
smoke
heavily
should
remind
________
of
health,
the
bad
smell
and
the
feelings
of
other
people.
A.?theirs?????????????????????B.?them?????????????????????C.?themselves?????????????????????D.?oneself
【答案】
C
【考点】代词
【解析】【分析】句意：那些烟瘾重的人们应当提醒他们自己吸烟对健康的影响、产生的气味和别人的感受。theirs“他们的”；them“他们”，they的宾格形式；themselves“他们自己”；oneself“自己，某人自己”。该句中谓语动词是remind，用法为remind
sb
of
sth，提醒某人某事；或者remind
sb
to
do
sth
提醒某人干某事。根据句意可知是”提醒他们自己”，以及主语those可知，选择C项。
【点评】考查代词的辨析，区分theirs，them，themselves，oneself的用法，以及掌握remind
sb
to
do
sth结构。
3.Bob
called
to
tell
his
mother
that
he
couldn’t
enter
the
house,
for
he
________
his
key
at
school.
A.?had
left???????????????B.?would
leave???????????????C.?was
leaving???????????????D.?has
left
【答案】
A
【考点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：Bob打电话给他的妈妈，告诉她说他进不了房门，因为他把他的钥匙忘在学校了。根据句意可知，把钥匙忘在学校（leave）的动作发生在打电话（called）之前，called
是过去时，那么忘记钥匙在学校leave就是发生在过去的过去，即过去完成时，故选择A项。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用，结构：had
done，用于“过去的过去”。
4.It’s
a
________
clock,
made
of
brass
and
dating
from
the
nineteenth
century.
A.?charming
French
small???????????????????????B.?French
small
charming
C.?small
French
charming???????????????????????D.?charming
small
French
【答案】
D
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：它是一个迷人的法国小钟，铜质的，从十九世纪就存在了。small,charming和French都是修饰名词clock的形容词，当多个形容词修饰名词时，排列的顺序为“限定描绘大长高，
形状年龄和新老；
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both
my
hands、all
half
his
income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round
square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden,
woolen,
stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical,
college，writing
desk，police
car等”，该题选项中的charming是属于描绘性的，small是大小，French是国籍，根据上面的规则，选择D项。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及多个形容词作定语，排列的顺序为：限定描绘大长高，
形状年龄和新老；
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
5.The
school
board
is
made
up
of
parents
who
________
to
make
decisions
about
school
affairs.
A.?had
been
elected????????????????????????????????B.?had
elected
C.?have
been
elected??????????????????????????????D.?have
elected
【答案】
C
【考点】动词的语态，现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：学校的董事会由那些被推选来就学校事务做决定的父母组成的。elect“选举，推选”，它的主语是关系词who所代指的parents，根据句意可知，父母和elect之间是被动关系，因此排除B、D选项。因为主句is
made
up
of是一般现在时，故排除A项，选择C项，表示已经被推选出来。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态，结构：have/has
been
done。
6.They
promised
to
develop
a
software
package
by
the
end
of
this
year,
________
they
might
have.
A.?however
difficult?????????????????????????????????B.?how
difficult
C.?whatever
difficulty??????????????????????????????D.?what
difficulty
【答案】
C
【考点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们承诺在今年年底要开发一个软件包，无论可能会有什么样的困难。和difficult，difficulty搭配的状语从句的连词分别是however
difficult,
whatever
difficulty,
根据they
might
have
可知，此处句型为sb
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
something，因此排除A.B。无论有什么样的困难，即whatever
difficulty
they
have
或者no
matter
what
difficulty
they
have,或者however
difficult
it
might
be,
no
matter
how
difficult
it
might
be.
排除D项。故选择C项。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及whatever引导的让步状语从句，区分however和whatever的用法。
7.The
judges
gave
no
hint
of
what
they
thought,
so
I
left
the
room
really
________.
A.?to
be
worried????????????B.?to
worry????????????C.?having
worried????????????D.?worried
【答案】
D
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：裁判一点也没有给出关于他们想法的提示，因此我离开了那个房间，心里非常担心。根据句意可知，此处要用形容词worried修饰主语I，此处作的是主语补足语，该词用法为somebody
be
worried，
因此选择D项。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作主语补足语的应用。
8.The
students
are
looking
forward
to
having
an
opportunity
________
society
for
real-life
experience.
A.?explore?????????????????B.?to
explore?????????????????C.?exploring?????????????????D.?explored
【答案】
B
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们都盼望有一个探索社会的机会，来得到真正的生活经验。句型have
an
opportunity
to
do
sth“有机会干某事”，为固定句型，故选择B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作定语，掌握句型have
an
opportunity
to
do
sth.。
9.I
have
no
idea
________
the
cell
phone
isn’t
working,
so
could
you
fix
it
for
me?
A.?what????????????????????????????B.?why????????????????????????????C.?if????????????????????????????D.?which
【答案】
B
【考点】同位语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我不知道为什么手机不能工作了，你能帮我修修吗？根据句子结构可知，后面的从句是一个同位语从句，作名词idea的同位语，根据句意可知，选择B项。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及why引导的同位语从句的应用。
10.Young
people
may
risk
________
deaf
if
they
are
exposed
to
very
loud
music
every
day.
A.?to
go????????????????B.?to
have
gone????????????????C.?going????????????????D.?having
gone
【答案】
C
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。risk”冒……的危险“，用法为risk
doing
something，”冒险干某事“，因此排除AB,
D项中额having
done意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择C项。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及risk
doing固定用法，涉及动名词作宾语。
11.Sophia
got
an
e-mail
________
her
credit
card
account
number.
A.?asking
for?????????????B.?ask
for?????????????C.?asked
for?????????????D.?having
asked
for
【答案】
A
【考点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：索菲亚收到了一封索要她的信用卡账户号码的电子邮件。根据句子结构可知，此处ask
for是非谓语，与逻辑主语e-mail之间是主动关系，因此排除B、C，D项意为已经干了某事，与句意不符，因此选择A项，
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾语补足语的考查。
12.I
cannot
hear
the
professor
clearly
as
there
is
too
much
noise
________
I
am
sitting.
A.?before????????????????????????B.?until????????????????????????C.?unless????????????????????????D.?where
【答案】
D
【考点】地点状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我听不清那个教授在讲什么，因为在我现在坐的地方噪音太大。根据句意，选择D项。
【点评】考点状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句。
13.________
at
the
photos,
illustrations,
title
and
headings
and
you
can
guess
what
the
reading
is
about.
A.?To
look?????????????????B.?Looking?????????????????C.?Having
looked?????????????????D.?Look
【答案】
D
【考点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：看那些照片、插图和标题，你就可以猜出那本书是关于什么了。根据and
可知，该句考查的是“祈使句
+and
+陈述句”的句型，and前后为两个并且的句子。例如，Read
that
book
and
you
will
know
more
about
the
machine.
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及祈使句的应用，以及句型“祈使句
+and
+陈述句”。
14.An
ecosystem
consists
of
the
living
and
nonliving
things
in
an
area
________
interact
with
one
another.
A.?that??????????????????????????B.?where??????????????????????????C.?who??????????????????????????D.?what
【答案】
A
【考点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：一个生态系统由一个区域内的可以相互作用的生物和非生物成的。根据句意可知，________
interact
with
one
another是定语从句，修饰先行词the
living
and
nonliving
things，故排除what,what不能用于定语从句。
在该定语从句中，interact
缺少主语，因此排除B项。That
既可以代指人，也可以代指物，who只能代指人，根据中的先行词是the
living
and
nonliving
things
是既有人又有物，因此只能选择A项。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
15.Among
the
crises
that
face
humans
________
the
lack
of
natural
resources.
A.?is?????????????????????????B.?are?????????????????????????C.?is
there?????????????????????????D.?are
there
【答案】
A
【考点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：缺少自然资源是人类面临的众多危机之一。根据句子结构可知，该句为完全倒装句。用法：表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放句首（该句中为(among
the
crises
that
face
humans)
，句子要使用完全倒装，即把谓语动词提前到主语之前。由此可知，该句的主语为the
lack
of
natural
resources单数，句子本来应为The
lack
of
natural
resources
is
among
the
crises
that
face
humans.
因此选择B项，
【点评】考查倒装句，表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放句首，句子要使用完全倒装。
16.Some
people
care
much
about
their
appearance
and
always
ask
if
they
look
fine
in
________
they
are
wearing.
A.?that??????????????????????????B.?what??????????????????????????C.?how??????????????????????????D.?which
【答案】
B
【考点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些人很关注他们的外表，总是问穿着正穿的衣服看起来是否合适。根据look
fine
in
可知，后面跟的是名词性从句中的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少wear的宾语，选项中that
在名词性从句中是不充当任何成分的，因此排除A；what在名词性从句中充当主语，宾语和表语，意为“什么”因此选择B项，how只能充当状语，因此排除C；which在名词性从句中可以充当主语，宾语和表语，意为“哪一个”，就是要有一个选择的范围才行。选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词what引导的宾语从句。
二、完形填空
17.完形填空
???
Over
the
past
few
decades,
more
and
more
countries
have
opened
up
the
markets,
increasingly
transforming
the
world
economy
into
one
free-flowing
global
market.
The
question
is：Is
economic
globalization
1
?for
all?
???
According
to
the
World
Bank,
one
of
its
chief
supporters,
economic
globalization
has
helped
reduce
2
?in
a
large
number
of
developing
countries.
It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth
3
?to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries
as
a
result
of
integration
(融合)
of
local
economies
into
the
world
economy.
Home
to
some
three
billion
people,
these
twenty-four
countries
have
seen
incomes
4
?at
an
average
rate
of
five
percent—compared
to
two
percent
in
developed
countries.
???
Those
who
5
?globalization
claim
that
economies
in
developing
countries
will
benefit
from
new
opportunities
for
small
and
home-based
businesses.
6
,
small
farmers
in
Brazil
who
produce
nuts
that
would
originally
have
sold
only
in
7
?open-air
markets
can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet.
???
Critics
take
a
different
view,
believing
that
economic
globalization
is
actually
8
?the
gap
between
the
rich
and
poor.
A
study
carried
out
by
the
U.N.-sponsored
World
Commission
on
the
Social
Dimension
of
Globalization
shows
that
only
a
few
developing
countries
have
actually
9
?from
integration
into
the
world
economy
and
that
the
poor,
the
uneducated,
unskilled
workers,
and
native
peoples
have
been
left
behind.
10
,
they
maintain
that
globalization
may
eventually
threaten
emerging
businesses.
For
example,
Indian
craftsmen
who
currently
seem
to
benefit
from
globalization
because
they
are
able
to
11
?their
products
may
soon
face
fierce
competition
that
could
put
them
out
of
12
.
When
large-scale
manufacturers
start
to
produce
the
same
goods,
or
when
superstores
like
Wal-Mart
move
in,
these
small
businesses
will
not
be
able
to
13
?and
will
be
crowded
out.
???
One
thing
is
certain
about
globalization—there
is
no
14
.
Advances
in
technology
combined
with
more
open
policies
have
already
created
an
interconnected
world.
The
15
?now
is
finding
a
way
to
create
a
kind
of
globalization
that
works
for
the
benefit
of
all.?????????????
??(347
words)
1.
A.
possible
B.
smooth
C.
good
D.
easy
2.
A.
crime
B.
poverty
C.
conflict
D.
population
3.
A.
contributing
B.
responding
C.
turning
D.
owing
4.
A.
remain
B.
drop
C.
shift
D.
increase
5.
A.
doubt
B.
define
C.
advocate
D.
ignore
6.
A.
In
addition
B.
For
instance
C.
In
other
words
D.
All
in
all
7.
A.
mature
B.
new
C.
local
D.
foreign
8.
A.
finding
B.
exploring
C.
bridging
D.
widening
9.
A.
suffered
B.
profited
C.
learned
D.
withdrawn
10.
A.
Furthermore
B.
Therefore
C.
However
D.
Otherwise
11.
A.
consume
B.
deliver
C.
export
D.
advertise
12.
A.
trouble
B.
business
C.
power
D.
mind
13.
A.
keep
up
B.
come
in
C.
go
around
D.
help
out
14.
A.
taking
off
B.
getting
along
C.
holding
out
D.
turning
back
15.
A.
agreement
B.
prediction
C.
outcome
D.
challenge
【答案】
（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）D；
【考点】议论文，政治经济类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章先提出问题：全球化经济化到底有益吗？然后列出了两种相反的观点：一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。最后得出结论，全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。（1）考查形容词。possible”可能“；
smooth
”顺利的，光滑的，平稳的“；
good”好的“；
easy”简单的“。根据上文“increasingly
transforming
the
world
economy
into
one
free-flowing
global
market”逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场。很明显这是讲的市场开放的好处，因此后面提出问题，“问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）？”，故选择C项。
（2）考查名词。根据下文“It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth
?
3??
to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries
”中的increased
wealth增加的财富，可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题，即选择B项。crime"犯罪";
poverty"贫困";
conflict"冲突";
population"人口"。
（3）考查动词短语。contribute
to
”促成，导致“；
respond
to
”对……做出反应
“；turn
to
”转向，向某人求助“；
owe
to”由于“。
根据下文”improved
education
and
longer
life
“可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，因此选择A项。
（4）考查动词。根据上文”It
quotes
one
study
that
shows
increased
wealth?
?
?3
?
to
improved
education
and
longer
life
in
twenty-four
developing
countries“可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。句意为，这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。remain
”仍然“；
drop”下降
“；shift”变化“；
increase”增加“。因此选择D。
（5）考查动词。doubt
“怀疑”；
define?
“定义、规定、明确”
；advocate?
“提倡、拥护”；
ignore“忽视”。根据下文的
“economies
in
developing
countries
will
benefit
from
new
opportunities
for
small
and
home-based
businesses”发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit
from”可知，该观点的those人们是支持，提倡市场开放的，因此选择C项。
（6）考查固定短语。上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得等多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B
项。for
instance“例如”；in
addition“此外”，表递进关系；in
other
words“换句话说”；all
in
all“总而言之”。
（7）考查形容词。根据下文“can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet.”中的now,
worldwide与前半句的originally和
in
?
7??
open-air
markets
“是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。因此选择C项。local
”当地的“；mature”成熟的“；new”新的“；foreign”国外的“。
（8）考查动词。根据上文“Critics
take
a
different
view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大穷人和富人之间的差距。widen
"变宽
"；find"找到"；explore"探索"；bridge"架桥、度过"，故选择D。
（9）考查动词。suffer”遭受“；
profit”获益、盈利“；learn”学习“；withdraw”撤退、收回“。根据下文“
the
poor,
the
uneducated,
unskilled
workers,
and
native
peoples
have
been
left
behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，即profit
from
sth,”从……中受益、获益“。
（10）考查副词。根据下文的“globalization
may
eventually
threaten
emerging
businesses.”意为全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，因此选择A项。furthermore”此外“，表递进关系；therefore”因此“，因果关系；however”然而“，转折关系
；otherwise”否则“，转折关系。
（11）考查动词。根据上文中的“small
farmers
in
Brazil
who
produce
nuts
that
would
originally
have
sold
only
in
?
7??
open-air
markets
can
now
promote
their
goods
worldwide
by
the
Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口商品，故选择C。句意：例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。
consume"消耗、消费";
deliver"递送，发表";export”出口“；advertise"做广告"。
（12）考查固定短语。根据“face
fierce
competition
”可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out
of
business.故选择B项。out
of
trouble”
脱离困境
：out
of
business
“破产”；out
of
power
“丧失权利
”；
out
of
mind“心不在焉”。
（13）考查动词短语。keep
up“保持、继续、不落后”；come
in“进来”；go
around“四处走动、供应”；
help
out“帮助……摆脱困境”。
根据上文的out
of
business“破产”和下文的be
crowded
out“被排挤出去”可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选择A。
（14）考查动词短语。根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，因此选择D项，turn
back“往回走”；take
off“起飞，脱掉”
；get
along“相处、进展”；hold
out“伸出、坚持”。
（15）考查名词。agreement“同意、一致”；
prediction“预测、预计”；outcome“后果”；challenge“挑战”。句意，目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词、动词、名词、动词短语、副词以及固定短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析解析，选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
18.阅读理解
???
For
some
people,
music
is
no
fun
at
all.
About
four
percent
of
the
population
is
what
scientists
call
“amusic.”
People
who
are
amusic
are
born
without
the
ability
to
recognize
or
reproduce
musical
notes
(音调).
Amusic
people
often
cannot
tell
the
difference
between
two
songs.
Amusics
can
only
hear
the
difference
between
two
notes
if
they
are
very
far
apart
on
the
musical
scale.
?
??As
a
result,
songs
sound
like
noise
to
an
amusic.
Many
amusics
compare
the
sound
of
music
to
pieces
of
metal
hitting
each
other.
Life
can
be
hard
for
amusics.
Their
inability
to
enjoy
music
set
them
apart
from
others.
It
can
be
difficult
for
other
people
to
identify
with
their
condition.
In
fact,
most
people
cannot
begin
to
grasp
what
it
feels
like
to
be
amusic.
Just
going
to
a
restaurant
or
a
shopping
mall
can
be
uncomfortable
or
even
painful.
That
is
why
many
amusics
intentionally
stay
away
from
places
where
there
is
music.
However,
this
can
result
in
withdrawal
and
social
isolation.
“I
used
to
hate
parties,”
says
Margaret,
a
seventy-year-old
woman
who
only
recently
discovered
that
she
was
amusic.
By
studying
people
like
Margaret,
scientists
are
finally
learning
how
to
identify
this
unusual
condition.
??
?Scientists
say
that
the
brains
of
amusics
are
different
from
the
brains
of
people
who
can
appreciate
music.
The
difference
is
complex,
and
it
doesn’t
involve
defective
hearing.
Amusics
can
understand
other
nonmusical
sounds
well.
They
also
have
no
problems
understanding
ordinary
speech.
Scientists
compare
amusics
to
people
who
just
can’t
see
certain
colors.
??
?Many
amusics
are
happy
when
their
condition
is
finally
diagnosed
(诊断).
For
years,
Margaret
felt
embarrassed
about
her
problem
with
music.
Now
she
knows
that
she
is
not
alone.
There
is
a
name
for
her
condition.
That
makes
it
easier
for
her
to
explain.
“When
people
invite
me
to
a
concert,
I
just
say,
‘No
thanks,
I’m
amusic,’”
says
Margaret.
“I
just
wish
I
had
learned
to
say
that
when
I
was
seventeen
and
not
seventy.”
(335
words)
（1）Which
of
the
following
is
true
of
amusics?
A.Listening
to
music
is
far
from
enjoyable
for
them.
B.They
love
places
where
they
are
likely
to
hear
music.
C.They
can
easily
tell
two
different
songs
apart.
D.Their
situation
is
well
understood
by
musicians.
（2）According
to
paragraph
3,
a
person
with
“defective
hearing”
is
probably
one
who
__________.
A.dislikes
listening
to
speeches
B.can
hear
anything
nonmusical
C.has
a
hearing
problem
D.lacks
a
complex
hearing
system
（3）In
the
last
paragraph,
Margaret
expressed
her
wish
that
__________.
A.her
problem
with
music
had
been
diagnosed
earlier
B.she
were
seventeen
years
old
rather
than
seventy
C.her
problem
could
be
easily
explained
D.she
were
able
to
meet
other
amusics
（4）What
is
the
passage
mainly
concerned
with?
A.Amusics’
strange
behaviours.
B.Some
people’s
inability
to
enjoy
music.
C.Musical
talent
and
brain
structure.
D.Identification
and
treatment
of
amusics.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，社会现象类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了一群特殊的人——amusic（没有乐感的人），对他们而言，音乐如同噪音一般，没有任何乐趣。没有欣赏音乐的能力给他们的生活带来了诸多不便，不过，令人高兴的是，他们的这种状况目前已得到诊断，他们的大脑与能够欣赏音乐的人的大脑有所不同，而且这种差异很复杂。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“For
some
people,
music
is
no
fun
at
all”可知，A项正确，句意：对于某些人来说，听音乐并不是开心的事情”和A项的听音乐对他们来说远非是愉快的相同。因此，B项也是错误的。根据第一段中的“People
who
are
amusic
are
born
without
the
ability
to
recognize
or
reproduce
musical
notes
(音调).
Amusic
people
often
cannot
tell
the
difference
between
two
songs.
”可知，C、D两项错误。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。第三段的前两句讲的是不爱听音乐的人和喜欢听音乐的人是不同的，他们之间的区别很复杂，但是“have
no
problems
understanding
ordinary
speech.
”又讲到了这些不爱听音乐的人在理解其他非音乐的声音或者演讲的时候是没有问题的，目的是为了强调他们是正常的，没有什么缺陷的，因此defective
hearing指的是C项的a
hearing
problem,即听觉有问题。句意：他们之间的区别是很负责的，但并不包括听觉有问题这种情况。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”I
just
wish
I
had
learned
to
say
that
when
I
was
seventeen
and
not
seventy.“我希望我在十七岁的时候就学会了这样说，指的是”No
thanks,
I’m
amusic“，谢谢你，我是一个不喜欢听音乐的人，而不是到了七十岁才学会。根据最后一段可知，their
condition
is
finally
diagnosed
(诊断)他们的这种状况终于最后确诊了，他们都属于amusic，但是这来的太迟了，对于Margaret来说，因为之前她总是感到很尴尬，因此她希望她年轻的时候，就可以有现在这样的诊断。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是不喜爱听音乐的一类人，被称之为amusic，他们之前都没有得到统一的诊断或者认识，直到现在。因此选择B项，Some
people’s
inability
to
enjoy
music”一些人无法欣赏音乐“
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的关系，运用逻辑思维，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确的答案。
19.阅读理解
?????????????????????????????????
???(268
words)
（1）According
to
Warranty
Limitations,
a
product
can
be
under
warranty
if
__________.
????
A.shipped
from
a
Canadian
factory??
B.rented
for
home
use
C.?repaired
by
the
user
himself???
D.used
in
the
U.S.
（2）According
to
Owner’s
Responsibilities,
an
owner
has
to
pay
for
__________.
A.the
loss
of
the
sales
receipt
B.a
servicer’s
overtime
work
C.the
product
installation
D.a
mechanic’s
transportation
（3）Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
warranty?
A.Consequential
damages
are
excluded
across
America.
B.A
product
damaged
in
a
natural
disaster
is
covered
by
the
warranty.
C.A
faulty
cabinet
due
to
rust
can
be
replaced
free
in
the
second
year.
D.Free
repair
is
available
for
a
product
used
improperly
in
the
first
year.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了烘干机的保修情况，列举了产品保修的覆盖范围和不属于保修的几种情况。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Warranty
Limitations部分中的“Applies
only
to
product
used
within
the
United?
States
or
in
Canada
”适用于在美国或者加拿大使用的产品，可知D项正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据
Owner’s
Responsibilities部分中的”Pay
for
extra
service
costs,
over
normal
service
charges,
if
servicer
is
requested
to
perform
service
outside
servicer’s
normal
business
hours“可知，需要付额外的服务费用，比通常的服务费用要高，如果维修人员在正常工作时间之外被要求服务的话。因此B项是正确的，即维修人员的超时服务。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“This
warranty
gives
you
specific
legal
rights,
and
you
may
have
others
which
vary
from
state
to
state
”这个保修给予了你具体的合法权利，同时你也可能有其他的一些权利，这在不同的州情况有所不同，因此排除A项，A项意为间接损失在全美都不包括；根据“Product
has
damage
due
to……floods,”可知，由于自然灾害，比如洪水，造成
的损失，是不属于保修的，因此排除B项；根据Product
is
improperly
installed
or
applied意为不恰当的安装和使用造成的损失是不保修的。因此排除D项；由此得出结论，答案是C项，意为机箱第一年内生锈的会免费更换。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉理解细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确的答案。
20.阅读理解
???
A
team
of
engineers
at
Harvard
University
has
been
inspired
by
Nature
to
create
the
first
robotic
fly.
The
mechanical
fly
has
become
a
platform
for
a
series
of
new
high-tech
integrated
systems.
Designed
to
do
what
a
fly
does
naturally,
the
tiny
machine
is
the
size
of
a
fat
housefly.
Its
mini
wings
allow
it
to
stay
in
the
air
and
perform
controlled
flight
tasks.
???
?“It's
extremely
important
for
us
to
think
about
this
as
a
whole
system
and
not
just
the
sum
of
a
bunch
of
individual
components
(元件),”
said
Robert
Wood,
the
Harvard
engineering
professor
who
has
been
working
on
the
robotic
fly
project
for
over
a
decade.
A
few
years
ago,
his
team
got
the
go-ahead
to
start
piecing
together
the
components.
“The
added
difficulty
with
a
project
like
this
is
that
actually
none
of
those
components
are
off
the
shelf
and
so
we
have
to
develop
them
all
on
our
own,”
he
said.
???
They
engineered
a
series
of
systems
to
start
and
drive
the
robotic
fly.
“The
seemingly
simple
system
which
just
moves
the
wings
has
a
number
of
interdependencies
on
the
individual
components,
each
of
which
individually
has
to
perform
well,
but
then
has
to
be
matched
well
to
everything
it's
connected
to,”
said
Wood.
The
flight
device
was
built
into
a
set
of
power,
computation,
sensing
and
control
systems.
Wood
says
the
success
of
the
project
proves
that
the
flying
robot
with
these
tiny
components
can
be
built
and
manufactured.
???
While
this
first
robotic
flyer
is
linked
to
a
small,
off-board
power
source,
the
goal
is
eventually
to
equip
it
with
a
built-in
power
source,
so
that
it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers'
fields
or
on
the
battlefield.
“Basically
it
should
be
able
to
take
off,
land
and
fly
around,”
he
said.
???
Wood
says
the
design
offers
a
new
way
to
study
flight
mechanics
and
control
at
insect-scale.
Yet,
the
power,
sensing
and
computation
technologies
on
board
could
have
much
broader
applications.
“You
can
start
thinking
about
using
them
to
answer
open
scientific
questions,
you
know,
to
study
biology
in
ways
that
would
be
difficult
with
the
animals,
but
using
these
robots
instead,”
he
said.
“So
there
are
a
lot
of
technologies
and
open
interesting
scientific
questions
that
are
really
what
drives
us
on
a
day
to
day
basis.”
（1）The
difficulty
the
team
of
engineers
met
with
while
making
the
robotic
fly
was
that
__________.
A.they
had
no
model
in
their
mind
B.they
did
not
have
sufficient
time
C.they
had
no
ready-made
components?
D.they
could
not
assemble
the
components
（2）It
can
be
inferred
from
paragraphs
3
and
4
that
the
robotic
fly
__________.
A.consists
of
a
flight
device
and
a
control
system
B.can
just
fly
in
limited
areas
at
the
present
time
C.can
collect
information
from
many
sources
D.has
been
put
into
wide
application
（3）Which
of
the
following
can
be
learned
from
the
passage?
A.The
robotic
flyer
is
designed
to
learn
about
insects.
B.Animals
are
not
allowed
in
biological
experiments.
C.There
used
to
be
few
ways
to
study
how
insects
fly.
D.Wood’s
design
can
replace
animals
in
some
experiments.
（4）Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Father
of
Robotic
Fly?
B.Inspiration
from
Engineering
Science
C.Robotic
Fly
Imitates
Real
Life
Insect
D.Harvard
Breaks
Through
in
Insect
Study
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The
added
difficulty
with
a
project
like
this
is
that
actually
none
of
those
components
are
off
the
shelf
and
so
we
have
to
develop
them
all
on
our
own”类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，我们不得不靠自己去开发，从中可知，困难就是没有现成的组成部件，即C项。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“he
flight
device
was
built
into
a
set
of
power,
computation,
sensing
and
control
systems”可知A项是错误的；根据第四段中的“While
this
first
robotic
flyer
is
linked
to
a
small,
off-board
power
source”和“Basically
it
should
be
able
to
take
off,
land
and
fly
around,”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行。因此B项是正确的；
根据第四段中的“so
that
it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers’
fields
or
on
the
battlefield”可知该飞行器是在someday将来的某一天才能从不同的地方收集信息，而不是现在，因此排除C项；纵观全文，讲述的是该飞行器尚处于开发的初级阶段，有很多地方需要改善，因此D项广泛投入使用是错误的。综上所述，选B项。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“it
might
someday
perform
data-gathering
work
at
rescue
sites,
in
farmers’
fields
or
on
the
battlefield”可知，A项是错误的；B项中animals
are
not
allowed
是错的，应该是difficult
with
animals,即有些用动物来做试验是困难的，不是不允许；C项在文中并没有提到以前方法的多少，文中只是说offers
a
new
way
to
study，提供了新的方法，故排除C项；根据最后一段中的“
you
know,
to
study
biology
in
ways
that
would
be
difficult
with
the
animals,
but
using
these
robots
instead”，可知，有些试验用动物很苦难，但是可以用机器人来替代，故选择D项。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。因此选择C项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的关系，运用逻辑思维，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确的答案。
四、任务型阅读
21.选词填空
A.
restore?????
B.
recall?????????
C.
processing?????
D.
previously???
E.
necessary???
F.
locating???
G.
instead?????
H.
fascinating?????
I.
elsewhere???
J.
composition
???
As
infants,
we
can
recognize
our
mothers
within
hours
of
birth.
In
fact,
we
can
recognize
the
________?of
our
mother’s
face
well
before
we
can
recognize
her
body
shape.
It's
________?how
the
brain
can
carry
out
such
a
function
at
such
a
young
age,
especially
since
we
don’t
learn
to
walk
and
talk
until
we
are
over
a
year
old.
By
the
time
we
are
adults,
we
have
the
ability
to
distinguish
around
100,000
faces.
How
can
we
remember
so
many
faces
when
many
of
us
find
it
difficult
to
________?such
a
simple
thing
as
a
phone
number?
The
exact
process
is
not
yet
fully
understood,
but
research
around
the
world
has
begun
to
define
the
specific
areas
of
the
brain
and
processes
________?for
facial
recognition.
??
?Researchers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
believe
that
they
have
succeeded
in
________?a
specific
area
of
the
brain
called
the
fusiform
face
area
(FFA),
which
is
used
only
for
facial
recognition.
This
means
that
recognition
of
familiar
objects
such
as
our
clothes
or
cars,
is
from
________?in
the
brain.
Researchers
also
have
found
that
the
brain
needs
to
see
the
whole
face
for
recognition
to
take
place.
It
had
been
________?thought
that
we
only
needed
to
see
certain
facial
features.
Meanwhile,
research
at
University
College
London
has
found
that
facial
recognition
is
not
a
single
process,
but
________?involves
three
steps.
The
first
step
appears
to
be
an
analysis
of
the
physical
features
of
a
person’s
face,
which
is
similar
to
how
we
scan
the
bar
codes
of
our
groceries.
In
the
next
step,
the
brain
decides
whether
the
face
we
are
looking
at
is
already
known
or
unknown
to
us.
And
finally,
the
brain
furnishes
the
information
we
have
collected
about
the
person
whose
face
we
are
looking
at.
This
complex
________is
done
in
a
split
second
so
that
we
can
behave
quickly
when
reacting
to
certain
situations.
【答案】
J；H；B；E；F；I；D；G；C
【考点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是关于人类对于面部识别的研究，研究结果显示，大脑中存在一个特定的区域，该区域有别于其他的区域，该区域专门负责面部识别。该过程是一个负责的过程，不是一个简单的过程，包含三个步骤，这些步骤（过程）都是在一瞬间完成的，这样我们就可以在一定的场合做出迅速的反应。
（1）考查名词。根据句子结构可知，此处应填一个名词，即我们的母亲面部的……，选项中可以选择的名词只有3个，即processing
,
recall和composition，分别意为过程、进程；召回，回忆
；作为，作曲，构成
。此处句意为，实际上，在我们认识她们（母亲）的身体体型之前，我们就能很好的认识她们的面部结构。因此选择J。
（2）考查形容词。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应填一个形容词，意为在如此小的年纪，大脑是如何使用这个功能的，这是非常……（的现象），明显fascinating
吸引人的，迷人的，让人感兴趣的，比较合适。
（3）考查动词。根据上一句的“How
can
we
remember
so
many
faces
”可知，此处讲的是记忆/记住东西的问题，即记住10万张脸，记住一个电话号码，因此选择recall意为回想起，句意为，为什么我们能记住多达10张脸，而有的人却连回忆一个电话号码都觉得很困难。
（4）考查形容词。根据句子结构可知，此处填的是一个形容词，此时形容词只剩一个E项未选。意为必须的，该句句意为，我们还无法理解具体的过程是怎样的，但是全世界都已经开始了研究，为了寻找大脑的那个特定区域，和面部识别所必须的过程。
（5）考查动词。根据前面的
have
succeeded
in
可知，此处填的是一个doing
形式的单词，因此只能选择C或者F，C意为过程，进程，F意为查找、定位，根据句意为可知F正确。句意为，麻省理工学院的研究员们相信他们已经找到了大脑中被称为FFA的一个特殊区域。
（6）考查副词。根据上一句的“which
is
used
only
for
facial
recognition”可知，大脑中有一块特定的区域是专门负责人脸识别的，因此，该处选择I意为，我们对熟悉物品的识别，比如衣服或者汽车，是来自大脑别处的（是和人脸识别所用到的那部分大脑是不同的，来自不同的地方）。
（7）考查副词。根据句子机构可知，此处要选择一个词来修饰动词thought,
因此要寻则副词，这里修饰动词的副词只有一个，那就是D项，previously，意为之前地，先前地。句意为，之前人们认为，我们只需要看到某些面部特征即可。
（8）考查副词。根据but可知，前后意思是相反的，句意为，伦敦大学学院的研究发现，面部识别不是一个单一的过程，而是（instead）是包含这三个步骤。
（9）考查名词。根据句子结构可知，此处填的是一个名词，根据上文名词的选择，再根据上文的“
research
at
University
College
London
has
found
that
facial
recognition
is
not
a
single
process”，可知此处只有C项，processing过程，进程符合句意。句意为，这个复杂的过程在一瞬间就完成了，因此，我们就可以迅速地对某种情形作出反应。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、形容词、动词、副词等多个知识点的考查，要求准确掌握所给词汇的含义和词性，并结合语境，做出正确选择。
22.任务型阅读
???
A
study
of
more
than
five
million
books,
both
fiction
and
non-fiction,
has
found
a
marked
decline
in
the
use
of
emotional
words
over
time.
The
researchers
form
the
University
of
Bristol
used
Google
Ngram
Viewer,
a
facility
for
finding
the
frequency
of
terms
in
scanned
books,
to
search
for
more
than
600
particular
words
identified
as
representing
anger,
dislike,
fear,
joy,
sadness
and
surprise.
?
??They
found
that
almost
all
of
the
categories
(类别)
showed
a
drop
in
these
“mood
words”
over
time.
Only
in
the
category
of
fear
was
there
an
increase
in
usage.
?
??“It
is
a
steady
and
continuous
decrease,”
said
Dr
Alberto
Acerbi.
He
assumed
that
the
result
might
be
explained
by
a
change
in
the
position
occupied
by
literature,
in
a
crowded
media
landscape.
“One
thing
could
be
that
in
parallel
to
books
the
20th
century
saw
the
start
of
other
media.
Maybe
these
media—movies,
radio,
drama—had
more
emotional
content
than
books.”
?
??Although
both
joy
and
sadness
followed
the
general
downwards
trend,
the
research,
published
in
the
journal
PLOS
One,
found
that
they
also
exhibited
another
interesting
behaviour：the
ratio
(比率)
between
the
two
varied
greatly,
apparently
mirroring
historical
events.
?
??During
the
Roaring
Twenties
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
reached
a
peak
that
would
not
occur
again
until
before
the
recent
financial
crash.
But
the
ratio
plunged
at
the
height
of
the
Second
World
War.
Nevertheless,
the
researchers
held
a
reserved
opinion
about
their
claim
that
their
result
reflected
wider
social
trends.
In
the
paper,
they
even
argue
that
the
reverse
could
be
true.
?
??“It
has
been
suggested,
for
example,
that
it
was
the
suppression
(压抑)
of
desire
in
ordinary
Elizabethan
English
life
that
increased
demand
for
writing
‘filled
with
romance
and
sex’?
perhaps,”
they
conclude,
“songs
and
books
may
not
reflect
the
real
population
any
more
than
catwalk
models
reflect
the
average
body.”
???
?(Note：Answer
the
questions
or
complete
the
statements
in
NO
MORE
THAN
TEN
WORDS.)
（1）A
study
of
more
than
five
million
books
indicated
a
decline
in
“mood
words”
over
time
except________
（2）According
to
Dr
Alberto
Acerbi,
one
reason
for
the
drop
of
“mood
words”
in
books
may
be
that________
（3）What
were
the
two
periods
when
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
was
at
its
highest?
（4）While
the
researchers
found
some
changes
in
the
use
of
“mood
words”
in
books,
they
werenot
sure
that________
【答案】
（1）in
the
category
of
fear
（2）the
literary
position
has
changed
in
a
crowded
media
landscape
/
other
media—movies,
radio,
drama—
had
more
emotional
content
（3）During
the
roaring
Twenties
and
before
the
recent
financial
crash.
（4）their
research
result
reflected
wider
social
trends
/
songs
and
books
reflected
the
real
population
【考点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，分析了现代文学作品中表现人们情绪、心情的词汇运用大为减少的原因。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Only
in
the
category
of
fear
was
there
an
increase
in
usage”，只有害怕类别的词汇在使用上有所增加，可知。
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第三段中的“He
assumed
that
the
result
might
be
explained
by
a
change
in
the
position
occupied
by
literature,
in
a
crowded
media
landscape.”可知。
（3）考查细节归纳。根据倒数第二段中的'During
the
Roaring
Twenties
the
joy-to-sadness
ratio
reached
a
peak
that
would
not
occur
again
until
before
the
recent
financial
crash"可知.
（4）考查细节归纳。根据倒数第二段中的“the
researchers
held
a
reserved
opinion
about
their
claim
that
their
result
reflected
wider
social
trends”可知，其中reserved
opinion指的是“对……有保留意见”。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳题型，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，写出正确的答案。
五、七选五
23.七选五
A.
Healthy
way
of
life
giving
way
to
overuse
of
medicine
B.
Different
findings
as
to
taking
additional
vitamin
C.
EU’s
response
to
overuse
of
health
products
D.
Worrying
increase
in
multivitamin
advertising
E.
EU
directive
for
the
benefit
of
individuals
F.
EU
directive
against
prediction
in
novels
（1）________
??????
The
use
of
health
supplements
such
as
multivitamin
tablets
has
increased
greatly
in
the
western
world.
People
take
these
supplements
because
advertising
suggests
that
they
prevent
a
range
of
medical
conditions
from
developing.
However,
there
is
concern
that
people
are
consuming
worryingly
high
doses
of
these
supplements
and
the
European
Union
(EU)
has
issued
a
directive
that
will
ban
the
sale
of
a
wide
range
of
them.
This
EU
directive
should
be
supported.
???
2??????
??????
Research
suggests
that
people
who
take
Vitamin
C
supplements
of
over
5000
milligrams
a
day
are
more
likely
to
develop
cancer.
This
shows
how
much
damage
these
health
supplements
do
to
people’s
health.
A
spokesman
for
the
health
supplement
industry
has
argued
that
other
research
shows
that
Vitamin
C
supplements
help
prevent
heart
disease,
but
we
can
dismiss
this
evidence
as
it
is
from
a
biased
source.
?????
3??????
?????
Science
fiction
of
the
1960s
and
1970s
predicted
that
pills
would
replace
meals
as
the
way
in
which
people
would
get
the
fuel
they
needed.
This,
it
was
argued,
would
mean
a
more
efficient
use
of
time
as
people
wouldn’t
have
to
waste
it
preparing
or
eating
meals.
The
EU
directive
would
help
prevent
this
nightmare
of
pills
replacing
food
becoming
a
reality.
??????
4?????
Peop0le
already
take
too
many
pills
instead
of
adopting
a
healthier
lifestyle.
For
example,
the
consumption
of
painkillers
in
Britain
in
1998
was
21
tablets
per
year
for
every
man,
woman
and
child
in
the
country.
People
do
not
need
all
these
pills.
???
5?????
Some
might
argue
that
the
EU
directive
denies
people’s
right
to
freedom
of
choice.
However,
there
are
many
legal
examples
for
such
intervention
when
it
is
in
the
individual’s
best
interests.
We
now
make
people
wear
seatbelts
rather
than
allowing
them
to
choose
to
do
so.
Opposing
the
EU
directive
would
mean
beneficial
measures
like
this
would
be
threatened.________?________?________?________?
【答案】
（1）C；B；F；A；E
【考点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是针对人们服用过多的维生素等药物，欧盟出台了一项指令，为了纠正和防止药物的过渡使用所产生的问题。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第一段的内容可知，该段的主要观点是however,之后的内容，前面是提出一个现象，为了引出问题，however之后是文章主要讨论的话题，即there
is
concern
that
people
are
consuming
worryingly
high
doses
of
these
supplements
and
the
European
Union
(EU)
has
issued
a
directive
that
will
ban
the
sale
of
a
wide
range
of
them
，担心人们错误地消费了高剂量的补品，因此EU对此作出了反应，出台了一项指令，将会禁止补品的广泛使用。即C项，UE对过度使用健康产品的反应。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第二段中的“Research
suggests
that
people
who
take
Vitamin
C
supplements
of
over
5000
milligrams
a
day
are
more
likely
to
develop
cancer.”
和“A
spokesman
for
the
health
supplement
industry
has
argued
that
other
research
shows
that
Vitamin
C
supplements
help
prevent
heart
disease”可知，该段主要讲述了两种截然相反的，关于是否要服用额外的维生素C的观点，因此选择B项，讲的是关于服用额外维生素的不同发现。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段的“The
EU
directive
would
help
prevent
this
nightmare
of
pills
replacing
food
becoming
a
reality”可知，欧盟的指令将会阻止这种用药片来代替食物的噩梦成为现实，即F项。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段的“People
already
take
too
many
pills
instead
of
adopting
a
healthier
lifestyle”可知，人们已经服用了太多的药片了，故选择A项。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据最后一段中的“However,
there
are
many
legal
examples
for
such
intervention
when
it
is
in
the
individual’s
best
interests.
..........
Opposing
the
EU
directive
would
mean
beneficial
measures
like
this
would
be
threatened”可知，欧盟的这项指令目的是为了公众的最大利益，即选择E。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、翻译
24.翻译（根据所给句子汉语以及句后所给单词，完成句子。）
（1）今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)
（2）舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)
（3）经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)
（4）演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
（5）她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No
sooner)
【答案】
（1）We
enjoyed
ourselves
this
New
Year’s
Day
this
year.
（2）My
uncle
sent
me
a
card
yesterday
to
congratulate
/
congratulating
me
on
my
18th
birthday.
（3）After
years
of
/
years’
construction,
the
little
town
is
now
as
lively
as
it
was
before
the
earthquake
/
it
used
to
be
before
the
earthquake.
（4）The
performance
began
with
a
piece
of
classical
music
which
was
familiar
to
people
in
their
fifties.
（5）No
sooner
had
she
watched
the
TV
program
on
the
extinct
species
than
she
made
up
her
mind
to
join
the
wildlife
protection
organization.
【考点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给句子汉语以及句后所给单词，完成句子。
（1）根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy
oneself。
（2）根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate
的用法是congratulate
sth或者congratulate
sb
on
sth。
（3）根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。
（4）根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb
be
familiar
with
sth
或者sth
be
familiar
to
sb。
（5）no
sooner的句型为no
sooner
...than,因为no
sooner是否定词，因此no
sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。
【点评】本题五个小题涉及短语“enjoy
oneself”、“congratulate
sth”或者“congratulate
sb
on
sth”、“as...as...”、“sb
be
familiar
with
sth”
或者“sth
be
familiar
to
sb”、no
sooner的句型的考查，要求准确掌握几个词组的用法
并结合时态语态，完成句子。
七、书面表达
25.上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展，现就展出场所（博物馆还是社区图书馆）征集公众意见，假设你是王敏，给上海博物馆写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：
1）简述你写信的目的及你对场所的选择；
2）说明你的理由（从便利性，专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比）。（120-150个单词）
【答案】Possible
version
1
Dear
Sir
or
Madam:
?
??I
have
heard
from
the
newspaper
that
you,
the
Shanghai
Museum,
are
planning
to
organize
a
famous
painting
exhibition.
And
you
are
now
collecting
suggestions
about
whether
to
hold
it
in
your
museum
or
the
art
gallery.
I
am
now
writing
to
express
my
opinion
that
the
exhibition
should
be
held
in
the
museum.
My
reasons
are
as
follows.
?
??In
terms
of
convenience,
the
museum
has
more
advantages
over
the
gallery.
First,
it
is
located
in
the
People’s
Square,
which
is
the
center
of
the
city.
So
people
can
enjoy
convenient
transportation
such
as
the
subway
line
1,
2
and
8,
which
are
available
to
people
from
nearly
every
district.
It
saves
the
visitors
a
lot
of
time
and
trouble
of
traffic
jam.
Another
advantage
is
that
it
is
easy
to
be
found
by
those
from
other
provinces
around
the
country.
After
all
the
Shanghai
Museum
is
a
landmark
of
our
city
familiar
to
nearly
every
Chinese.
??????
With
regard
to
the
professional
function,
though
it
seems
natural
that
an
art
exhibition
be
set
in
the
gallery,
in
a
more
general
sense,
I
think
the
museum
has
more
advanced
facilities
to
make
the
exhibition
successful
and
to
preserve
the
paintings
well.
As
we
know,
the
museum
has
successfully
held
many
national
and
international
exhibitions
and
its
advertising
and
organizing
experience
is
of
no
match;
also
its
staff
is
qualified
and
professional.
???
To
sum
up,
I
am
sure
the
show
will
be
fantastic
if
it
is
held
in
Shanghai
Museum.
Possible
version
2
To
whom
it
may
concern：
?
??I've
learned
that
an
art
exhibition
is
to
be
held
and
that
you’re
collecting
suggestions
on
its
location.
I'm
writing
this
letter
to
share
with
you
my
opinions.
?
??In
my
opinion,
it
is
more
advisable
to
hold
the
art
exhibition
in
Shanghai
Museum
than
in
community
libraries.
My
reasons
are
as
follows.
???
On
one
hand,
it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
get
to
Shanghai
Museum
which
is
located
in
the
center
of
the
city.
And
the
museum
is
much
more
spacious
than
community
libraries,
which
provides
visitors
with
a
more
comfortable
environment
for
appreciating
art.
?
??On
the
other
hand,
as
a
well-known
museum,
Shanghai
Museum
is
more
professional
and
experienced
in
holding
art
exhibitions.
Its
professional
security
guards
and
advanced
facilities
can
better
protect
those
famous
paintings
from
being
damaged
or
stolen.
?
??Therefore,
I
suggest
the
exhibition
be
held
in
the
museum.
?
??Wang
Min
【考点】提纲作文，文字式应用文，半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达为一篇半开放式作文，要求考生以二选一（在博物馆还是社区图书馆举行画展）的方式写一封信。考生应首先构思写作纲要，选择自己理由充足的一种观点进行构思，要从目的、观点、理由三方面进行陈述，特别是理由陈述部分务必要合乎写作要求。此外还要注意书信体的写作格式；之后便可依据纲要组织语言，进行写作；最后务必要对完成的文章进行深度地检查和润饰，确保语言规范、要点全面、内容充实、论述有力、衔接自然和行文连贯。本篇书面表达给考生留有很大的发挥空间，考生在保证语言无误的前提下，可适量运用一些较为高级的词汇、短语及多样化的句式表达结构，这样才能有效地增加得分的筹码。
【点评】两篇范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式。在第一篇范文中，使用了同位语从句：I
am
now
writing
to
express
my
opinion
that
the
exhibition
should
be
held
in
the
museum.定语从句：People’s
Square,
which
is
the
center
of
the
city.
表语从句：Another
advantage
is
that
it
is
easy
to
be
found
by
those
from
other
provinces
around
the
country.
虚拟语气应用于主语从句：though
it
seems
natural
that
an
art
exhibition
be
set
in
the
gallery...同时运用了as
follows，
in
terms
of
，have
advantages
over
,be
located
in,
familiar
to,with
regard
to,
to
sum
up等短语，增加了文章的可读性；在第二篇范文中，两个宾语从句同时使用：??I've
learned
that
an
art
exhibition
is
to
be
held
and
that
you’re
collecting
suggestions
on
its
location.
it作形式主语的使用：
it
is
more
advisable
to
hold
the
art
exhibition
in
Shanghai
Museum
than
in
community
libraries.定语从句的使用：it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
get
to
Shanghai
Museum
which
is
located
in
the
center
of
the
city.
和And
the
museum
is
much
more
spacious
than
community
libraries,
which
provides
visitors
with
a
more
comfortable
environment
for
appreciating
art.虚拟语气应用于宾语从句：I
suggest
the
exhibition
be
held
in
the
museum.另外fshare
with，
On
one
hand，??On
the
other
hand，in
the
center
of
等词组的使用，使得文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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