2014年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·北京）Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.
A．so B．or C．for D．but
2．（2014·北京）—Hi, let's go skating.
— Sorry, I'm busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.
A．fill B．have filled C．am filling D．will fill
3．（2014·北京）Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.
A．by B．in C．for D．until
4．（2014·北京） carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..
A．Observe B．To observe C．Observed D．Observing
5．Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching
6．（2014·北京）I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
A．who B．which C．when D．Where
7．（2014·北京）________ I have a word with you It won't take long.
A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Should
8．（2014·北京）There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved
9．（2014·北京）_______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
A．As B．When C．Even though D．In case
10．（2014·北京）The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
A．where B．when C．how D．why
11．（2014·北京）—What time is it
—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A．check B．checked C．will check D．would check
12．（2014·北京）I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A．started B．was starting C．would start D．had started
13．（2014·北京）Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
A．whatever B．whenever. C．wherever D．however
14．（2014·北京）We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
A．are B．were C．will be D．would be
15．（2014·北京）The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．having recognized D．having been recognized
二、完形填空
16．（2014·北京）完形填空
The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often （1） about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who （2） that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this （3） girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
But how could I help her （4） in with us There had to be a （5） .
One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had （6） her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) （7） copy.
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming （8） show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had （9） . “Why, it's wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted （10） the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don't have enough （11） . Could you help me, Suzy ”
On the day of the talent show, Suzy's （12） were everywhere —- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.
“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. I'm sure you've all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students （13） them.”
I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw （14） well ”
Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ （15） this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a （16） ,too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student （17） Suzy Khan!”
Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist's set. “Thank you,” she cried.
I （18） , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she'd probably never （19） anything in her whole life.
Everyone started to （20） their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was defining. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.
（1）A．joked B．cared C．trains D．worried
（2）A．reported B．decided C．complained D．questioned
（3）A．rich B．proud C．tiny D．popular
（4）A．come B．fall C．fit D．tie
（5）A．manner B．pattern C．choice D．way
（6）A．read B．taken C．opened D．put
（7）A．free B．perfect C．final D．extra
（8）A．are B．talk C．quiz D．talent
（9）A．colored B．written C．carved D．drawn
（10）A．at B．after C．for D．around
（11）A．room B．time C．paper D．interest
（12）A．gifts B．books C．photos D．posters
（13）A．special B．academic C．national D．rayal
（14）A．painted B．found C．printed D．collected
（15）A．very B．that C．quite D．too
（16）A．If B．Though C．Unless D．Since
（17）A．prize B．rank C．rest D．place
（18）A．replied B．realized C．remembered D．regretted
（19）A．offered B．valued C．owned D．controlled
（20）A．clap B．wave C．raise D．shake
三、阅读理解
17．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD, is one of Victoria's leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
* Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
* Location ( 位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is siyuated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
* Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
* Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
（1）Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________ .
A．is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B．has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C．admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D．is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
（2）Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.
A．trains from Southern Cross train station
B．shuttle buses around the train station
C．boats across the yarra River
D．either tram route 70 or 75
（3）Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.
A．free car parking B．wheelchair access
C．Internet connection D．transportation service
（4）Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________ .
A．are free to all visitors
B．can be pursued by email
C．rare checked at the entrance
D．can be printed at the ticket office
18．（2014·北京）阅读理解
The Brown Bear
My wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.
Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back— the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.
I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.
Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.
The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack—- The first time I felf panic.
Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.
（1）The brown bear approached the family in order to _______.
A．catch shore birds B．start an attack
C．protect the children D．set up a barrier for itself
（2）The bear finally went away after it _______.
A．felt safe B．got injured
C．found some food D．took away the camera
（3）The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ______ .
A．pride B．patience C．calmness D．cautiousness
19．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)
Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.
To reach our goal of losing weight — the output, we need to control what we eat — the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I'll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I'll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.
Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer's conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not know how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it's easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.
If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn't a goal because it's too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don't stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.
In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.
（1）The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .
A．it is hard to achieve for most Americans
B．it is focused too much on the result
C．it is dependent on too many things
D．it is based on actionable decisions
（2）In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because ______ .
A．they obeyed all the general rules
B．they paid more attention to exams
C．they were motivated by their classmates
D．they were rewarded for reading some books
（3）According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal
A．“I'll give up desert.”
B．“I'll study harder.”
C．“I'll cut down my expense”
D．“I'll spend more time with my family”
（4）The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .
A．develop good habits and focus on the outcome
B．be optimistic about final goals and stick to them
C．pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits
D．set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output
20．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Multitasking
What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop The products displayed (展示) at the entrance Or the soft background music
But have you ever notice the smell Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.
A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers' intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.
When it comes to the best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sales. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.
Some years ago, the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' disproving attitude and don't touch what you can't afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.
（1）According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store
A．Friendly assistant. B．Unique scents.
C．Soft background music D．attractive window display.
（2）E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _______ .
A．ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores
B．urge shop assistants to change their attitude
C．push stores to use sights and sounds
D．introduce the rise of e-commerce
（3）The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _______ .
A．a platform that exhibits goods
B．a spot where travelers like to stay
C．a place where customers love to go
D．a target that a store expects to meet
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ______ .
A．compare and evaluate B．examine and assess
C．argue and discuss D．inform and explain
四、七选五
21．（2014·北京）任务型阅读
Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study.
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．
Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A．Make choices that are right for you. B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C．Be sure to work through the critical questions. D．And examine the findings of the original research. E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view. G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
五、书面表达
22．（2014·北京）你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括：1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。
注意：1.词数不少于50. 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
Yours,
Joe
23．（2014·北京）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。
注意：1. 词数不少于 60. 2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】表因果关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些动物带着种子到处走，所以植物就会扩展到新的地方。本题前半部分讲“有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方”，所以导致“植物传播”，表示因果关系的并列句。所以选A。
【点评】考查并列句，区分so，or，for，but的含义和用法。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，我们去滑冰吧。——对不起，我现在很忙。我正在填一个新工作申请表。根据句意可知，我正在填表。故用现在进行时，选C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及现在进行时的使用，其结构：is/am /are doing,表示正在发生的动作。
3．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。故B正确。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分by，in，for，until的含义和用法，本题涉及介词in表示将来。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：在实验室做实验的时候，认真观察是否发生变化。根据上下文可知，后面提供了两个从句，一个宾语从句、另一个为时间状语从句的省略句，由此可知，在某条件下和某时间，建议某人做某事。因此，应该选择动词原形，引起的是祈使句。所以，本题选A。
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及对祈使句的使用。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】本题考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式的选择。本题说明“昨晚有成百万的人看电视上直播的开幕式”，watching引导的现在分词短语做定语，说明人们在做什么。与前面的people构成主谓关系，所以选择D。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为book,定语从句中缺乏宾语（我朋友推荐给我“书”），加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择A，表示“能不能或可以不可以”。
【点评】考查情态动词，区分can，must，shall，should的含义和用法。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们准备长期呆在月球之前，还有许多问题要解决。根据题干信息，非谓语动词在这里做定语，限定“要去解决的问题”。根据非谓语动词做定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，所以选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，区分现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的用法，本题涉及不定式作定语。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】引导让步状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管那个森林公园很远，但是还是有许多游客每年到这里游览。根据题干信息，应该是“即使（尽管）那个森林公园很远，每年还是有很多人去参观。”由此判断，从句为让步状语从句，应选连接词even though。本题选C。in case用于引导目的状语从句，表示“以防”、“以免”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查状语从句，区分as, when,even though, in case引导的各种状语从句，本题涉及让步状语从句的使用。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】引导名词性从句的连词；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。根据题干前半部分中的“moment”一词推断，后面应该说的是“…的时候”，所以本题选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的表语从句。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——什么时间了？——我不知道。一会儿，我给你查查。根据题干信息，说话人不知道几点，但是“将去核实一下”。所以本题应选一般将来时，即C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般将来时的使用，结构：will do，表示将来某个时间发生的动作。
12．【答案】D
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我发现演讲很难懂，因为当我到达的时候，演讲已经开始了。根据题干信息，“不能跟上演讲的原因是，我到达的时候演讲已经开始”，“到达”为过去时，“已经开始”应该用过去完成时。所以选D。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的使用，结构：had done，表示“过去的过去”。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息，“过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复”，宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选用A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词whatever引导的宾语从句。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不丢失地图，我们就已经到旅馆了。根据条件状语从句中“if we didn't lose the map”可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选用D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，涉及条件句中对现在情况的假设。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的被动式作介词宾语。
16．【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）C；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）D；（10）C；（11）B；（12）D；（13）A；（14）A；（15）B；（16）D；（17）A；（18）B；（19）C；（20）A
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个来自非洲的孤儿Suzy Khan在美国一所学校的经历。Suzy Khan在学校经常受到其他同学的嘲笑，作者看到后决心帮助这个孩子，于是带着Suzy Khan到艺术老师那里把她的作品推荐给老师，后来老师把Suzy Khan的作品制成海报在学校展出，得到同学们的一致好评，Suzy Khan获得了自豪感。
（1）考查动词。根据语境，这里是说“班里的男孩子会拿她开玩笑，然后就是哄堂大笑。而她也只好眼含泪水地假装看书。”joke about” 拿...…开玩笑“；care about”介意，在乎“；forget about”忘记“；worry about”为...…担忧“。A合语境。
（2）考查动词。这个非洲孤儿被美国家庭收养，美国家庭决定（认定）和美国孩子在一起才能让她学会美国生活方式。decide此处是”认定、断定“的意思，report”报告、报道“；complain”抱怨，投诉“；question”质疑，提问“。选B。
（3）考查形容词。根据上文叙述，这个女孩比同龄12岁的孩子都要瘦小，所以“我低头看着这个小小的女孩子，下决心无论如何都要帮助她”。rich”富有的“；proud”骄傲的“；tiny”小的“；popular”流行的，受欢迎的“。选C。
（4）考查动词。我打算帮助这个女孩与大家融洽相处。文章标题已给出提示。fit in with”适合，与…一致“。选C。
（5）考查名词。根据上文决定帮助小女孩与大家一致，必须寻找一个办法/方法。manner做事或行为方式, 多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法；pattern指模式、花样、图案等；choice”选择“；way”方式、方法、手段“等，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式。因为这里没有谈到什么方法，所以只能用笼统的方法way。选D。
（6）考查动词。Suzy把书打开到火车图片那里。open…to”把…...翻到“，to是介词，表达“到...…地方”。选C。
（7）考查形容词。她对火车图的复制，效果怎样要看文中第44题后的陈述，“why, it's wonderful”可知，非常好，与此题选项中的perfect相近，故选B。
（8）考查名词。根据后文第10题后的陈述“the talent show”我们知道这是一个才艺秀。D合语境。
（9）考查动词。根据上文陈述，Suzy在画火车，所以这里应该是“我”把她画的东西展示给艺术老师看。color”涂色、染色“； write”书写“；carve”雕刻“；draw”画“。选D。
（10）考查介词。根据文章内容，这里是老师拿出一张“为才艺秀”做的海报。for“为…...”。选C。
（11）考查名词。由该空前面“more”和空后的”help”两个词可知，老师还需要更多的海报，但老师“没有足够的时间”，所以才请Suzy帮忙制作。B合语境。
（12）考查名词。上文已谈到，艺术老师想让Suzy帮忙制作一些海报，所以，才艺秀当天应该到处都能看到Suzy制作的海报。D合语境。
（13）考查形容词。才艺秀当天大家都表演了，还要颁发一个特殊的奖项给制作海报的人，因为制作海报原本不是才艺秀的内容。A合语境。
（14）考查动词。文中这句话的意思说“我们一个学生画了这些海报”，除了draw以外，我们还可以使用paint一词，表示绘画。故选A。
（15）考查副词。修饰形容词或副词，表示那么，那样，我们一般用so，也可以用that，二者意思相近。that well=so well。故选B。
（16）考查状语从句的连接词。“因为这位同学如此努力地画了这些海报”，所以值得奖励。since=now that/because。选D。
（17）考查名词。因为努力画了这些海报，这位同学值得奖励。prize”奖励“； rank”等级，秩序“；rest”休息“；place”地点，位置“。选A。
（18）考查动词。该空描写作者的思想活动，是意识到她从来没有拥有过什么，这些成就和别人的承认第一次让她意识到自己的能力和重要。reply"回答";realize"意识到";remember”回忆“；regret”后悔，遗憾“。选B。
（19）考查动词。因为是外来的移民，没有融入大家的生活中，这次活动让大家看到了她拥有的东西。C合语境。
（20）考查动词。因为她画得好，得到校长表扬，才能得到大家认可，所以大家为她鼓掌。clap one's hands”鼓掌“。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词、形容词、名词、介词、副词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文，介绍了墨尔本海洋馆的基本情况。说明了墨尔本海洋水族馆的开放时间、位置、到达方式、便利和服务条款等内容。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD”可知选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium”部分中的” The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. “可知选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Car Parking部分中的”While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium，...“可知B项正确。
（4）考查细节理解。因为文中最后提到要支付后才能打印票，故A项错误；B项错误因为票票会在支付后用电子邮件发过来，而不是电子邮件订购；D项错误在于文中提到要自己打印，在入口处递呈。排除以上答案，只有C项略显合理。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，选出正确答案。
18．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和全家人在海滩上拍照时突遇一头棕熊的遭遇。作者和熊进行了搏斗，最后棕熊感觉他们没有威胁时，返回了森林。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy”可知B为正确答案。
（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat”可知，棕熊是因为没了威胁才走的，也就是感到了安全。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I'm proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome”可知，他们全家保持了头脑清晰，如不如此，可能结果迥异了。所以，他们全家靠的是他们的冷静，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
19．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，从2014年美国人的减肥计划开始，谈到减肥成功的关键。由此，作者引出Roland Fryer做的一项实验，该实验表明，当关注输入（开始）时，激励才发生作用。要想达到目标，必须重视目标，而不是根据结果调整行动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“we tend to care about the output but not to control the input”和“concentrating on the outcome”我们知道，我们失败或错误的根据是过分关注output/outcome（输出/结果）而不是“input”。选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，我们知道Roland Fryer把“input”（即阅读）和“output”（考试结果）作为两种激励变量，得到的结果是input的效果好于output。所以本题答案应选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据全文内容可知，“losing weight”、“results on exams”、“study harder”、 “cut down on your spending”、“spend more time with your family”都强调结果，是太泛的目标，不易达到成功；而“control what we eat”、“stop having desert” 、“ walk every day”、“making morning coffee at home”、“a family movie night”等强调行动，是一种输入，所以更容易成功。故本题选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily”可知，作者实际上是建议人们采取可形成好习惯的行动来实现目标。A项错在后半部分，聚焦结果是作者力图劝阻的。B项也是错误答案，要更关注输入和行动；D项为无效信息，文章中没有提到平衡输出和输入的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
20．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了采用香味提高销售量的理念。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase”可知，此句中的it指的是前面的scent.故此题选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“while e-shops …only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience”可知，作者的倾向非常明显，认为实体店能提供完成购物体验，即强调传统实体店的优势。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。“destination”的本意是目的地，与上面提到的“shop”场地相通，但意义迥异，不仅是购物的地方，更多的是一种购物的完整体验，有视觉、听觉和味觉的多重享受。这里的意义是针对消费者而言的，而不是商店或商家。A、D选项都是针对商家说的，而B跟文章没有关系。故本题选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。这篇文章主要是谈论香味对购物心理的影响，是一篇说明文，所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响。所以本题选D，只是介绍了“香味”，没有进行科学试验。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理、概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
21．【答案】G；D；F；B；A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，针对如何对来自各种渠道的健康信息进行分类整理和判断给出了一些建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第一段简要提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道的健康信息，下文接着就如何对这些信息进行分类整理给予一些建议。G项连接前后，故选G。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段"Go to the original source."去探寻最初的来源。可知，本段都是围绕这个话题展开的，D项中的the original research与主题句相照应，符合本段意思。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。F项与第三段的“Watch for misleading language.”相关，其中incorrectly explained与misleading相照应。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文“Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.”对广告中所包含的信息一定要特别当心，及该段中的“be aware of quackery ”警惕江湖骗术，可知，B项(广告的目的是卖出商品)符合该段语境。为了达到这个目的，商品的广告中可能包含虚假信息。故选B。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。由该段中的“but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us”可知，尽管我们有来自家人及朋友的大量信息，但归根结底还是要依靠我们自己来作出正确的选择。A项概括全段内容，故选A。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步考查考生考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
22．【答案】Dear Chris, How is everything going I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned. I'm sorry about it. Can I suggest that we put it off until early August I wish you could understand. I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Joe
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求给英国朋友Chris写一封信，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。同时选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本文是一封书信，格式正确，内容齐全，语言简练，布局合理，文中使用高级句子。 I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned.本句使用宾语从句，并列句以及原因状语从句； I wish you could understand.使用了虚拟语气。
23．【答案】There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggestions. Soon afterwards, a second entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy to park our bikes there.
【知识点】看图写话；图画式记叙文
【解析】【分析】本次作文要求考生以李华的身份，根据图画内容，用英语写一篇短文，记述和同学们一起向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。首先要仔细观察图片内容，确定写作内容；其次要写出每个图的要点，再对内容加以充实；最后要审视全文，把握好文章主题，结尾点题。写作时注意准确运用时态，人称（宜用一般过去时、第一人称来写），上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富有变化。
【点评】本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：文章运用了宾语从句 I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. 和并列结构：So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report.和 Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him.等。
1 / 12014年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·北京）Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.
A．so B．or C．for D．but
【答案】A
【知识点】表因果关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些动物带着种子到处走，所以植物就会扩展到新的地方。本题前半部分讲“有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方”，所以导致“植物传播”，表示因果关系的并列句。所以选A。
【点评】考查并列句，区分so，or，for，but的含义和用法。
2．（2014·北京）—Hi, let's go skating.
— Sorry, I'm busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.
A．fill B．have filled C．am filling D．will fill
【答案】C
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，我们去滑冰吧。——对不起，我现在很忙。我正在填一个新工作申请表。根据句意可知，我正在填表。故用现在进行时，选C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及现在进行时的使用，其结构：is/am /are doing,表示正在发生的动作。
3．（2014·北京）Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.
A．by B．in C．for D．until
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。故B正确。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分by，in，for，until的含义和用法，本题涉及介词in表示将来。
4．（2014·北京） carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..
A．Observe B．To observe C．Observed D．Observing
【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：在实验室做实验的时候，认真观察是否发生变化。根据上下文可知，后面提供了两个从句，一个宾语从句、另一个为时间状语从句的省略句，由此可知，在某条件下和某时间，建议某人做某事。因此，应该选择动词原形，引起的是祈使句。所以，本题选A。
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及对祈使句的使用。
5．Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching
【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】本题考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式的选择。本题说明“昨晚有成百万的人看电视上直播的开幕式”，watching引导的现在分词短语做定语，说明人们在做什么。与前面的people构成主谓关系，所以选择D。
6．（2014·北京）I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
A．who B．which C．when D．Where
【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为book,定语从句中缺乏宾语（我朋友推荐给我“书”），加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
7．（2014·北京）________ I have a word with you It won't take long.
A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Should
【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择A，表示“能不能或可以不可以”。
【点评】考查情态动词，区分can，must，shall，should的含义和用法。
8．（2014·北京）There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved
【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们准备长期呆在月球之前，还有许多问题要解决。根据题干信息，非谓语动词在这里做定语，限定“要去解决的问题”。根据非谓语动词做定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，所以选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，区分现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的用法，本题涉及不定式作定语。
9．（2014·北京）_______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
A．As B．When C．Even though D．In case
【答案】C
【知识点】引导让步状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管那个森林公园很远，但是还是有许多游客每年到这里游览。根据题干信息，应该是“即使（尽管）那个森林公园很远，每年还是有很多人去参观。”由此判断，从句为让步状语从句，应选连接词even though。本题选C。in case用于引导目的状语从句，表示“以防”、“以免”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查状语从句，区分as, when,even though, in case引导的各种状语从句，本题涉及让步状语从句的使用。
10．（2014·北京）The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
A．where B．when C．how D．why
【答案】B
【知识点】引导名词性从句的连词；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。根据题干前半部分中的“moment”一词推断，后面应该说的是“…的时候”，所以本题选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的表语从句。
11．（2014·北京）—What time is it
—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A．check B．checked C．will check D．would check
【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——什么时间了？——我不知道。一会儿，我给你查查。根据题干信息，说话人不知道几点，但是“将去核实一下”。所以本题应选一般将来时，即C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般将来时的使用，结构：will do，表示将来某个时间发生的动作。
12．（2014·北京）I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A．started B．was starting C．would start D．had started
【答案】D
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我发现演讲很难懂，因为当我到达的时候，演讲已经开始了。根据题干信息，“不能跟上演讲的原因是，我到达的时候演讲已经开始”，“到达”为过去时，“已经开始”应该用过去完成时。所以选D。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的使用，结构：had done，表示“过去的过去”。
13．（2014·北京）Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
A．whatever B．whenever. C．wherever D．however
【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息，“过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复”，宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选用A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词whatever引导的宾语从句。
14．（2014·北京）We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
A．are B．were C．will be D．would be
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不丢失地图，我们就已经到旅馆了。根据条件状语从句中“if we didn't lose the map”可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选用D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，涉及条件句中对现在情况的假设。
15．（2014·北京）The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．having recognized D．having been recognized
【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的被动式作介词宾语。
二、完形填空
16．（2014·北京）完形填空
The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often （1） about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who （2） that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this （3） girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
But how could I help her （4） in with us There had to be a （5） .
One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had （6） her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) （7） copy.
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming （8） show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had （9） . “Why, it's wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted （10） the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don't have enough （11） . Could you help me, Suzy ”
On the day of the talent show, Suzy's （12） were everywhere —- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.
“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. I'm sure you've all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students （13） them.”
I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw （14） well ”
Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ （15） this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a （16） ,too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student （17） Suzy Khan!”
Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist's set. “Thank you,” she cried.
I （18） , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she'd probably never （19） anything in her whole life.
Everyone started to （20） their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was defining. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.
（1）A．joked B．cared C．trains D．worried
（2）A．reported B．decided C．complained D．questioned
（3）A．rich B．proud C．tiny D．popular
（4）A．come B．fall C．fit D．tie
（5）A．manner B．pattern C．choice D．way
（6）A．read B．taken C．opened D．put
（7）A．free B．perfect C．final D．extra
（8）A．are B．talk C．quiz D．talent
（9）A．colored B．written C．carved D．drawn
（10）A．at B．after C．for D．around
（11）A．room B．time C．paper D．interest
（12）A．gifts B．books C．photos D．posters
（13）A．special B．academic C．national D．rayal
（14）A．painted B．found C．printed D．collected
（15）A．very B．that C．quite D．too
（16）A．If B．Though C．Unless D．Since
（17）A．prize B．rank C．rest D．place
（18）A．replied B．realized C．remembered D．regretted
（19）A．offered B．valued C．owned D．controlled
（20）A．clap B．wave C．raise D．shake
【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）C；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）D；（10）C；（11）B；（12）D；（13）A；（14）A；（15）B；（16）D；（17）A；（18）B；（19）C；（20）A
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个来自非洲的孤儿Suzy Khan在美国一所学校的经历。Suzy Khan在学校经常受到其他同学的嘲笑，作者看到后决心帮助这个孩子，于是带着Suzy Khan到艺术老师那里把她的作品推荐给老师，后来老师把Suzy Khan的作品制成海报在学校展出，得到同学们的一致好评，Suzy Khan获得了自豪感。
（1）考查动词。根据语境，这里是说“班里的男孩子会拿她开玩笑，然后就是哄堂大笑。而她也只好眼含泪水地假装看书。”joke about” 拿...…开玩笑“；care about”介意，在乎“；forget about”忘记“；worry about”为...…担忧“。A合语境。
（2）考查动词。这个非洲孤儿被美国家庭收养，美国家庭决定（认定）和美国孩子在一起才能让她学会美国生活方式。decide此处是”认定、断定“的意思，report”报告、报道“；complain”抱怨，投诉“；question”质疑，提问“。选B。
（3）考查形容词。根据上文叙述，这个女孩比同龄12岁的孩子都要瘦小，所以“我低头看着这个小小的女孩子，下决心无论如何都要帮助她”。rich”富有的“；proud”骄傲的“；tiny”小的“；popular”流行的，受欢迎的“。选C。
（4）考查动词。我打算帮助这个女孩与大家融洽相处。文章标题已给出提示。fit in with”适合，与…一致“。选C。
（5）考查名词。根据上文决定帮助小女孩与大家一致，必须寻找一个办法/方法。manner做事或行为方式, 多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法；pattern指模式、花样、图案等；choice”选择“；way”方式、方法、手段“等，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式。因为这里没有谈到什么方法，所以只能用笼统的方法way。选D。
（6）考查动词。Suzy把书打开到火车图片那里。open…to”把…...翻到“，to是介词，表达“到...…地方”。选C。
（7）考查形容词。她对火车图的复制，效果怎样要看文中第44题后的陈述，“why, it's wonderful”可知，非常好，与此题选项中的perfect相近，故选B。
（8）考查名词。根据后文第10题后的陈述“the talent show”我们知道这是一个才艺秀。D合语境。
（9）考查动词。根据上文陈述，Suzy在画火车，所以这里应该是“我”把她画的东西展示给艺术老师看。color”涂色、染色“； write”书写“；carve”雕刻“；draw”画“。选D。
（10）考查介词。根据文章内容，这里是老师拿出一张“为才艺秀”做的海报。for“为…...”。选C。
（11）考查名词。由该空前面“more”和空后的”help”两个词可知，老师还需要更多的海报，但老师“没有足够的时间”，所以才请Suzy帮忙制作。B合语境。
（12）考查名词。上文已谈到，艺术老师想让Suzy帮忙制作一些海报，所以，才艺秀当天应该到处都能看到Suzy制作的海报。D合语境。
（13）考查形容词。才艺秀当天大家都表演了，还要颁发一个特殊的奖项给制作海报的人，因为制作海报原本不是才艺秀的内容。A合语境。
（14）考查动词。文中这句话的意思说“我们一个学生画了这些海报”，除了draw以外，我们还可以使用paint一词，表示绘画。故选A。
（15）考查副词。修饰形容词或副词，表示那么，那样，我们一般用so，也可以用that，二者意思相近。that well=so well。故选B。
（16）考查状语从句的连接词。“因为这位同学如此努力地画了这些海报”，所以值得奖励。since=now that/because。选D。
（17）考查名词。因为努力画了这些海报，这位同学值得奖励。prize”奖励“； rank”等级，秩序“；rest”休息“；place”地点，位置“。选A。
（18）考查动词。该空描写作者的思想活动，是意识到她从来没有拥有过什么，这些成就和别人的承认第一次让她意识到自己的能力和重要。reply"回答";realize"意识到";remember”回忆“；regret”后悔，遗憾“。选B。
（19）考查动词。因为是外来的移民，没有融入大家的生活中，这次活动让大家看到了她拥有的东西。C合语境。
（20）考查动词。因为她画得好，得到校长表扬，才能得到大家认可，所以大家为她鼓掌。clap one's hands”鼓掌“。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词、形容词、名词、介词、副词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
17．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD, is one of Victoria's leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
* Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
* Location ( 位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is siyuated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
* Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
* Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
（1）Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________ .
A．is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B．has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C．admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D．is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
（2）Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.
A．trains from Southern Cross train station
B．shuttle buses around the train station
C．boats across the yarra River
D．either tram route 70 or 75
（3）Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.
A．free car parking B．wheelchair access
C．Internet connection D．transportation service
（4）Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________ .
A．are free to all visitors
B．can be pursued by email
C．rare checked at the entrance
D．can be printed at the ticket office
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文，介绍了墨尔本海洋馆的基本情况。说明了墨尔本海洋水族馆的开放时间、位置、到达方式、便利和服务条款等内容。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD”可知选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium”部分中的” The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. “可知选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Car Parking部分中的”While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium，...“可知B项正确。
（4）考查细节理解。因为文中最后提到要支付后才能打印票，故A项错误；B项错误因为票票会在支付后用电子邮件发过来，而不是电子邮件订购；D项错误在于文中提到要自己打印，在入口处递呈。排除以上答案，只有C项略显合理。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，选出正确答案。
18．（2014·北京）阅读理解
The Brown Bear
My wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.
Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back— the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.
I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.
Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.
The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack—- The first time I felf panic.
Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.
（1）The brown bear approached the family in order to _______.
A．catch shore birds B．start an attack
C．protect the children D．set up a barrier for itself
（2）The bear finally went away after it _______.
A．felt safe B．got injured
C．found some food D．took away the camera
（3）The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ______ .
A．pride B．patience C．calmness D．cautiousness
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和全家人在海滩上拍照时突遇一头棕熊的遭遇。作者和熊进行了搏斗，最后棕熊感觉他们没有威胁时，返回了森林。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy”可知B为正确答案。
（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat”可知，棕熊是因为没了威胁才走的，也就是感到了安全。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I'm proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome”可知，他们全家保持了头脑清晰，如不如此，可能结果迥异了。所以，他们全家靠的是他们的冷静，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
19．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)
Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.
To reach our goal of losing weight — the output, we need to control what we eat — the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I'll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I'll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.
Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer's conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not know how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it's easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.
If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn't a goal because it's too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don't stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.
In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.
（1）The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .
A．it is hard to achieve for most Americans
B．it is focused too much on the result
C．it is dependent on too many things
D．it is based on actionable decisions
（2）In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because ______ .
A．they obeyed all the general rules
B．they paid more attention to exams
C．they were motivated by their classmates
D．they were rewarded for reading some books
（3）According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal
A．“I'll give up desert.”
B．“I'll study harder.”
C．“I'll cut down my expense”
D．“I'll spend more time with my family”
（4）The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .
A．develop good habits and focus on the outcome
B．be optimistic about final goals and stick to them
C．pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits
D．set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，从2014年美国人的减肥计划开始，谈到减肥成功的关键。由此，作者引出Roland Fryer做的一项实验，该实验表明，当关注输入（开始）时，激励才发生作用。要想达到目标，必须重视目标，而不是根据结果调整行动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“we tend to care about the output but not to control the input”和“concentrating on the outcome”我们知道，我们失败或错误的根据是过分关注output/outcome（输出/结果）而不是“input”。选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，我们知道Roland Fryer把“input”（即阅读）和“output”（考试结果）作为两种激励变量，得到的结果是input的效果好于output。所以本题答案应选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据全文内容可知，“losing weight”、“results on exams”、“study harder”、 “cut down on your spending”、“spend more time with your family”都强调结果，是太泛的目标，不易达到成功；而“control what we eat”、“stop having desert” 、“ walk every day”、“making morning coffee at home”、“a family movie night”等强调行动，是一种输入，所以更容易成功。故本题选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily”可知，作者实际上是建议人们采取可形成好习惯的行动来实现目标。A项错在后半部分，聚焦结果是作者力图劝阻的。B项也是错误答案，要更关注输入和行动；D项为无效信息，文章中没有提到平衡输出和输入的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
20．（2014·北京）阅读理解
Multitasking
What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop The products displayed (展示) at the entrance Or the soft background music
But have you ever notice the smell Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.
A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers' intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.
When it comes to the best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sales. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.
Some years ago, the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' disproving attitude and don't touch what you can't afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.
（1）According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store
A．Friendly assistant. B．Unique scents.
C．Soft background music D．attractive window display.
（2）E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _______ .
A．ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores
B．urge shop assistants to change their attitude
C．push stores to use sights and sounds
D．introduce the rise of e-commerce
（3）The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _______ .
A．a platform that exhibits goods
B．a spot where travelers like to stay
C．a place where customers love to go
D．a target that a store expects to meet
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ______ .
A．compare and evaluate B．examine and assess
C．argue and discuss D．inform and explain
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了采用香味提高销售量的理念。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase”可知，此句中的it指的是前面的scent.故此题选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“while e-shops …only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience”可知，作者的倾向非常明显，认为实体店能提供完成购物体验，即强调传统实体店的优势。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。“destination”的本意是目的地，与上面提到的“shop”场地相通，但意义迥异，不仅是购物的地方，更多的是一种购物的完整体验，有视觉、听觉和味觉的多重享受。这里的意义是针对消费者而言的，而不是商店或商家。A、D选项都是针对商家说的，而B跟文章没有关系。故本题选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。这篇文章主要是谈论香味对购物心理的影响，是一篇说明文，所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响。所以本题选D，只是介绍了“香味”，没有进行科学试验。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理、概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
四、七选五
21．（2014·北京）任务型阅读
Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study.
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．
Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A．Make choices that are right for you. B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C．Be sure to work through the critical questions. D．And examine the findings of the original research. E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view. G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
【答案】G；D；F；B；A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，针对如何对来自各种渠道的健康信息进行分类整理和判断给出了一些建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第一段简要提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道的健康信息，下文接着就如何对这些信息进行分类整理给予一些建议。G项连接前后，故选G。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据该段"Go to the original source."去探寻最初的来源。可知，本段都是围绕这个话题展开的，D项中的the original research与主题句相照应，符合本段意思。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。F项与第三段的“Watch for misleading language.”相关，其中incorrectly explained与misleading相照应。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文“Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.”对广告中所包含的信息一定要特别当心，及该段中的“be aware of quackery ”警惕江湖骗术，可知，B项(广告的目的是卖出商品)符合该段语境。为了达到这个目的，商品的广告中可能包含虚假信息。故选B。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。由该段中的“but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us”可知，尽管我们有来自家人及朋友的大量信息，但归根结底还是要依靠我们自己来作出正确的选择。A项概括全段内容，故选A。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步考查考生考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
五、书面表达
22．（2014·北京）你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括：1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。
注意：1.词数不少于50. 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
Yours,
Joe
【答案】Dear Chris, How is everything going I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned. I'm sorry about it. Can I suggest that we put it off until early August I wish you could understand. I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Joe
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求给英国朋友Chris写一封信，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。同时选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本文是一封书信，格式正确，内容齐全，语言简练，布局合理，文中使用高级句子。 I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned.本句使用宾语从句，并列句以及原因状语从句； I wish you could understand.使用了虚拟语气。
23．（2014·北京）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。
注意：1. 词数不少于 60. 2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.
【答案】There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggestions. Soon afterwards, a second entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy to park our bikes there.
【知识点】看图写话；图画式记叙文
【解析】【分析】本次作文要求考生以李华的身份，根据图画内容，用英语写一篇短文，记述和同学们一起向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。首先要仔细观察图片内容，确定写作内容；其次要写出每个图的要点，再对内容加以充实；最后要审视全文，把握好文章主题，结尾点题。写作时注意准确运用时态，人称（宜用一般过去时、第一人称来写），上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富有变化。
【点评】本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：文章运用了宾语从句 I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. 和并列结构：So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report.和 Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him.等。
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