2014年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）

2014年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·湖北）Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A．motivation B．qualification C．talent D．technique
2．（2014·湖北）When Richard said，“You are much more agreeable and prettier now“，Joan's face turned red at the unexpected_____.
A．command B．comparison C．compliment D．contribution
3．（2014·湖北）Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill，but____ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.
A．slipped B．skied C．signaled D．sank
4．（2014·湖北）The old rules have to be _____because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.
A．developed B．established C．observed D．revised
5．（2014·湖北）I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to_____.
A．get through B．get off C．get in D．get along
6．（2014·湖北）Is this your necklace, Mary I____ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
A．came across B．dealt with C．looked after D．went for
7．（2014·湖北）What was so _____about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed
A．awful B．essential C．impressive D．obvious
8．（2014·湖北）Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______smile and let him go.
A．cautious B．grateful C．tolerant D．wild
9．（2014·湖北）Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said___ ，“Don't be so mean，'' pointing a finger of warning at her.
A．dreadfully B．guiltily C．indirectly D．sharply
10．Check carrots，potatoes, onions and any other vegetables_____ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.
A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale
二、完形填空
11．（2014·湖北）完形填空
When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”.
At the （1） of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷）State Park，I （2） a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a （3） ，permanent campsite in the park, and （4） , the hosts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an （5） for the following day.
The park was （6） , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼠由）walking toward our table. We （7） climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to （8） our camp.
Having survived that night, we were （9） that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our （10） and gave us a beautiful campsite.
That evening, （11） , we learned about the canyon （12） . They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay （13） in the dark until the winds died away. （14） the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and （15） the little money my wife （16） by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful （17） For a time after our business （18） I thought I might lose my family as well.
Living in the tiny （19） with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself （20） for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!
（1）A．back B．edge C．centre D．entrance
（2）A．sponsored B．published C．noticed D．answered
（3）A．safe B．free C．convenient D．beautiful
（4）A．in return B．in time C．in short D．in turn
（5）A．attempt B．agreement C．appeal D．appointmei
（6）A．crowded B．dangerous C．ideal D．quiet
（7）A．repeatedly B．immediately C．eventually D．calmly
（8）A．attack B．leave C．pass D．search
（9）A．satisfied B．determined C．confident D．aware
（10）A．responsibilities B．requirements
C．circumstances D．conditions
（11）A．moreover B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however
（12）A．winds B．snows C．woods D．trails
（13）A．shaking B．quarrelling C．mourning D．aching
（14）A．After B．Between C．During D．Beyond
（15）A．give away B．hand out C．live on D．put aside
（16）A．borrowed B．earned C．posted D．raised
（17）A．business B．career C．family D．image
（18）A．started B．failed C．expanded D．declined
（19）A．truck B．park C．house D．camp
（20）A．desperate B．ready C．suitable D．thankful
三、阅读理解
12．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a ing up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy's teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking，the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:
“So what happened today ”
It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn't let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start，which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
（1）The boy made trouble for his teacher because he_____ .
A．was accused of destroying property
B．was told not to yell at other children
C．was made to do things against his will
D．was blamed for creating an air of tension
（2）Why didn't the author do anything about the boy's bad behavior at first
A．She didn't want to make it worse.
B．She didn't mind the huge mess at all.
C．She was tired of shouting and threats.
D．She hadn't thought of a coping strategy.
（3）The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by _____.
A．playing games with him B．giving him a good suggestion
C．describing his teacher's feelings D．avoiding making critical remarks
（4）Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end
A．He was sorry about his reputation.
B．He was regretful about his behavior.
C．He was fearful of the author's warning.
D．He was sad for the author's misunderstanding.
13．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
London's newest skyscraper (摩天大楼)is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶) He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆）of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.
Before building work began, a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
（1）London's newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ._____
A．its cost B．its size C．its shape D．its height
（2）When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to ._____
A．change London's skyline B．inherit London's tradition
C．imitate the Egyptian style D．attract potential visitors
（3）The critics who refer to social division think the Shard_______ .
A．is only preferred by the rich B．is intended for wealthy people
C．is far away from the poor area D．is popular only with Londoners
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage
A．The Shard: Cheers and Claps
B．The Shard: Work of a Great Architect
C．The Shard: New Symbol of London
D．The Shard: A Change for the Better
14．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒）in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认 知的）tasks not because they aren't clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don't associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The design of Dr. Carter's research.
B．The results of Dr. Carter's research.
C．The purpose of Dr. Carter's research.
D．The significance of Dr. Carter's research.
（2）According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task
A．Those that have more experience.
B．Those that can avoid potential risks.
C．Those that like to work independently.
D．Those that feel anxious about learning.
（3）Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4
A．Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B．Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C．Some baboons observe others but don't follow them.
D．Some baboons perform new tasks but don't concentrate.
（4）Dr. Carter's findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A．storing information B．learning from each other
C．understanding different people D．travelling between social groups
15．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
You've flown halfway around the world; you've sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of; so what on earth is there to do here You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.
It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee. By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.
Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin, about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok, down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place，and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.
There's an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It's what this place offers, and it，s free of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest. You sit there and watch the sea.
It's early afternoon, so the cook comes out and asks what you'd like to eat this evening. Before long he's rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered—every meal fresh and to order. No menu here.
There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea. There9 s no street noise. The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.For now you just count your blessings (福祉)，listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾) You don't have to worry about being late for work. You don't have to do anything.
The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线)，slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. Sand to your left and sand to your right; it's unbroken, endless. No start, no end, just sand, sun,and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work，and hurry.
Normally you，re the type who can，t sit still for more than ten minutes, but you're on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and, in the right frame of mind, it stretches all the way around theworld.
“How could it take me so long to find it ” you wonder.
（1）When the author first went to Huaplee Beach,____
A．he found it unworthwhile B．he failed to sort himself out
C．he became sensitive to smell D．he had difficulty in finding it
（2）What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach
A．No menu. B．Free food.
C．Self service. D．Quick delivery.
（3）In the author's opinion, a tourist can enjoy Huaplee Beach most when he____ .
A．sits in a beach chair B．forgets his daily routine
C．plans a detailed schedule D．draws pictures in the sand
（4）What does the author imply by his question at the end of the passage
A．He shouldn't have counted his blessings.
B．He should have understood the wonder of nature.
C．He shouldn't have spent so much time on the trip.
D．He should have come to the place earlier.
16．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets，and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue，the elevator's role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地)，and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的)columns.
If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience^one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we're hanging from a cable in a long passage.
In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it”， Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.
Today，as the world's urban population explodes，and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America's total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine's “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”一are a force that's becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.
（1）What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The general view of elevators.
B．The particular interests of experts.
C．The desire for a remarkable machine.
D．The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.
（2）The author's purpose in mentioning cars is .
A．to contrast their functions with elevators,
B．to emphasize the importance of elevators
C．to reveal their secret war against elevators
D．to explain people's preference for elevators
（3）According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences
A．Vertical direction. B．Lack of excitement.
C．Little physical space. D．Uncomfortable conditions.
（4）The author urges readers to consider .
A．the exact number of elevator lovers
B．the serious future situation of elevators
C．the role of elevators in city development
D．the relationship between cars and elevators
四、完成句子
17．（2014·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例：___was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament, (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）The community college has to cut down on staff　 　. (save)
为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。
（2）So far the well-known journalist　 　more than 4,000 interviews with famous people, (accumulate)
迄今为止这位著名记者釆访名人已累积达四千余人次。
（3）Sometimes　 　to use examples to explain abstract concepts, (helpful)
有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。
（4）The police will reward　 　useful information to catch the robber, (provide)
任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。
（5）He's the only student in the class　 　to take part in the Model United Nations conference, (select)
他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的同学。
（6）No other technological development has had 　 　as the growth of electronics on so many aspects of social, economic，and cultural development, (impact)
没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样，对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多 方面产生过如此重要的影响。
（7）You 　 　 the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards,(interrupt)
你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。
（8）This novel was once the　 　book in high schools in the United States, (read)
这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。
（9）The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. 　 　many stone sculptures of famous historical figures, (stand)
大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。
（10）It was several minutes　 　what he was saying, (take)
过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
五、书面表达
18．（2014·湖北）请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。
Small things make a big difference. The small things we do can make us a responsible member of the society.
注意：①无须写标题； ②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；
④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
⑤词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她写作的动力源自为女性获得更高教育的权利。A.motivation“动力，激励”；B.qualification“资格”；C.talent“才能，天赋”；D.technique“技巧”。根据题意，选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分motivation，qualification，talent，technique的含义。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当 Richard说：”你现在更加和蔼可亲和漂亮了”，Joan听到这出乎意料的赞美脸红了。A.command“命令，要求”；B.comparison“比较”；C.compliment“恭维，赞美”；D.contribution“贡献”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分command，comparison，compliment，contribution的含义。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看到一大群人朝他涌来，他开始往山下跑，但他滑倒了并跪在正融化的积雪上。A.slip“滑倒”；B.ski”滑雪“；C.signal“发信号”；D.sink“下沉”。根据“went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow”即在融化的雪上摔倒了，所以要选择的动词之意与“go down”相同，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分slip，ski，signal，sink的含义。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：老的规则需要被修改因为它们只适合一百年前的状况。A.develop“培养，发展”；B.establish“建立”；C.observe“观察”；D.revise“修改”。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分develop，establish，observe，revise的含义。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我一晚上都在打电话给Charles，但是网络肯定有问题，所以我不能接通。A. get through“渡过，接通（电话）”；B.get off 表示“动身，脱下”；C.get in“取得”;D.get along“相处”.根据题意，选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分get through，get off，get in，get along的含义，掌握get构成的动词短语。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Mary，是你的项链吗？我早上打扫浴室的时候看见的。”A.come across“遇见，碰到”；B.deal with“处理”；C.look after“照顾”；D.go for“主张，努力取得”。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分come across，deal with，look after，go for的含义。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：关于Jasmine Westland的胜利我们印象很深的就是她光脚获得了马拉松的第一。A. awful表示“可怕的，敬畏的”；B.essential为“根本的”；C.impressive“印象深刻的;D.obvious“明显的”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分awful，essential，impressive，obvious的含义。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，让他走了。A.cautious“小心的，谨慎的”；B.grateful“感激的”；C.tolerant“容忍的”；D.wild“野蛮的”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分cautious，grateful，tolerant，wild的含义。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Sabrina 一说完话Albert就严厉的说，不要这么吝啬，并手指着她。A.dreadfully“可怕地”；B.guiltily“愧疚的”；C.indirectly“间接地 ”；D.sharply“尖锐的，严厉的”。根据句意中的“Don't be so mean”以及用手指指的动作来看所选的副词的意思肯定是程度上很严肃的。故选D。
【点评】考查副词辨析，区分dreadfully，guiltily，indirectly，sharply的含义和用法。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】A项表示“需要的”；B项表示“储存的”；C项表示“出借的，共出借的”；D项表示“正出售的”。句意上,“检查胡萝卜，西红柿，洋葱以及其他___的蔬菜，有任何腐烂迹象的要立即使用或扔掉。”此句关键是后面的“使用或扔掉”决定了是“储存的”而不是“供出售的”，因为“出售的东西不会去使用而只能扔掉，故选B。
11．【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）B；（9）C；（10）A；（11）D；（12）A；（13）A；（14）C；（15）C；（16）B；（17）C；（18）B；（19）A；（20）D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在生意失败后和妻子一起前往Texas希望能有一个新的开始。在帕罗杜洛峡谷州立公园找到一份作为护林人的工作，通过在此期间生活经历的种种深悟家庭的重要，也顺利地从生意失败的阴影中走出，勇敢地面对生活。
（1）考查名词。根据“We entered the park and…”可知我们走进公园，所以一开始是在入口处。D合语境。
（2）考查动词。空格后面是一工作广告，所以是作者看见，注意到。选C。
（3）考查形容词。后面有“a rent-free place…”,所以这儿直接用 “free”表“免费的”。故选B。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：公园提供免费的永久的露营地但需要做相应的工作。.A. in return“作为回报”；B. in time “及时”；C. in short”简短“；D. in turn“ 轮流，反过来”。A合语境。
（5）考查名词。根据下文作者是应征了这份工作并对于接下来的生活有了自己的计划安排。A. attempt“尝试”；B. agreement “同意”；C. appeal “吸引”；D. appointment“安排，计划”。D合语境。
（6）考查形容词。根据下文“so it took us some time to find an available site ”表示“我们花了一段时间找到合适的地方”故选A。A. crowded“拥挤的”；B. dangerous“危险的”；C. ideal“理想的”；D. quiet“安静的”。
（7）考查副词。根据前面的内容，有臭鼬过来人是吓的立即爬上了桌子，所以B适合。A. repeatedly“重复地”；B. immediately“立刻地”；C. eventually“最终地”；D. calmly“镇定地”。
（8）考查动词。根据上文是吓得爬上桌子几个小时所以是等臭鼬离开。A. attack“攻击”；B.leave”离开“；C. pass“经过”；D. search“搜寻”。D合语境。
（9）考查形容词。根据句意，经过了一晚上除了臭鼬的事情没有别的事，所以是感觉其它的都好，只有C符合。A. satisfied“满意的”；B. determined“意志坚定的”；C. confident”有信心的“；D. aware“意识到”。
（10）考查名词。根据上文人们向我们阐述我们所要承担的什么样的责任或任务。A. responsibilities”责任“；B. requirements“要求”；C. circumstances“状况”；D. conditions“条件”。
（11）考查副词。前面刚提到“a beautiful campsite”，后面出现了冰冷的寒风，所以这儿是转折的概念。选D。A. moreover表示递进；B. therefore表示因果；C. meanwhile表示并列；D. however表示转折。
（12）考查名词。下文“until the winds died away.”有提示，故选A。
（13）考查动词。根据上下文冰冷的暴风刮了一夜，所以我们躺的地方一直是摇摇晃晃的感觉。A. shaking”摇晃“；B. quarrelling“争吵”；C. mourning“哀悼”；D. aching“疼痛”。故选A。
（14）考查介词搭配。句意：在接下来的几个星期内，所以应该是C项的During；D表示“在......期间”。
（15）考查动词短语。根据上下文来看，是关于用钱的问题，指得是靠不多的钱生活。A. give away“捐赠，泄露”；B. hand out“交出”；C. live on“以…为生”；D. put aside“放在一旁”。故选C。
（16）考查动词。与money的搭配是make或earn，此处指的是妻子挣到的钱。A. borrowed“借”；B. earned”挣、赚“；C. posted“张贴”；D. raised“抚养，筹集，举起”之意。下文有“by substitute teaching”，所以应该是挣钱。故选B。
（17）考查名词。根据文章最后作者表达的最终建立家庭的情况来看，此处只能用family,上下对应。A. business”生意“；B. career “事业”；C. family”家庭“；D. image“形象”。
（18）考查动词。根据文章一开始作者介绍的背景知道是生意上的失败。A. started“开始”；B. failed”失败“；C.expanded“扩大”；D. declined“下降，拒绝”。故选B。
（19）考查名词。上文一直在提到是在我们的卡车里，所以此处是作者对于这样生活的感受。故选A。
（20）考查形容词。作者最后对于这样行的生活有感而发，虽然生意失败了，但是却给了作者一个温暖的家，所以这儿的情感更是对困难的一种感激与敬意。A. desperate“绝望”；B. ready“准备好了”；C. suitable“适合的”；D. thankful”感激的“，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、以及副词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了从与有残疾的小孩相处的一段经历中得出教育小孩更应该需要的是交流与讲道理而不是威胁甚至是惩罚，因为那样更是适得其反。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“…but asked him to do what he disliked”可知那个男孩之所以惹麻烦是因为老师总叫他做他不喜欢的事情也就是违背他意愿的事，故C正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed”可知作者知道如果批评的话那个小男孩就不会再交流什么了，所以作者期望情况不要恶化好利于与男孩的交流，故A正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“…no blame or anger in my tone”可知作者的语气上没有任何的责备与生气，这也是作者所采取的策略即不适用任何批评性的言辞，故D正确。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize”可知男孩想去道歉，所以推断出男孩是感到后悔了，故B正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
13．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【知识点】细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了伦敦新建了欧洲最高的被称之为“the Shard”的摩天大楼，成为了伦敦的新标志，然而对此却有不同的观点，尤其是对新的摩天大楼代表的阶层更是有络绎不绝的批评之声。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular. So the building has an unusual shape”可知正是因为它的外形新的摩天大楼才被称作为“the Shard”.故C正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition ”可知Piano希望摩天大楼更多承载的是伦敦的传统，故B正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. …So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.”可知批评者认为它只是代表了有钱的富人，也成为了穷人与富人的区分和界限，故B正确。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better ”可知本文是在探究与阐述对新的摩天大楼所带来的变化究竟是怎样的，故利用这样的话题作为标题很鲜明直接，故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
14．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，阐述研究狒狒如何获得食物的信息来讲述社会生活中的文化是通过相互的学习来获取的。
（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段其主要阐述的是研究项目的主要内容，对象与方法也就是这个研究的设计，故A正确。
（2）考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others”可知选D。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第三段中的 “while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.”可知划线部分的内容指的是“光看不做的”，故C正确。
（4）考查细节理解。 根据最后一段中的“The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning”回归文章的研究主题上即文化的获取是通过相互的学习，故B正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理、概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
15．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述在泰国海湾西部的一个叫Huaplee沙滩小岛上旅游生活的所感所想。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland ”可知找到地方花费的时间很多也很找到，故D正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“No menu here.”可知这儿最特别的就是没有菜单，故A正确。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第七段中的“You don't have to worry about being late for work. You don't have to do anything.”可推断出享受的最好方法就是不要去想和做日常的事情，故B正确。
（4）考查判断推理。根据第七、八、九三段的内容来看作者对于小岛上的生活是推崇备至，所以更希望是早就在这儿了，故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
16．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了对于电梯人们所持有的不同态度与观点，并表达了自己对于电梯的态度。
（1）考查推理判断。根据划线内容推断应该指代的是第一段中的“For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets，and even bicycles ”即大众对于电梯的看法，故A正确。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In that sense, they argue，the elevator's role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars.”作者通过提及汽车来更好的阐述观点即电梯的重要性，故B正确。
（3）考查推理判断。 根据第三段中的“ “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.”和” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.”可知是因为电梯的关闭给人带来了不愉悦，也就是电梯的空间带来的问题，故C正确。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.”可知作者的写作用意在于让读者去评价电梯的价值所在，故C正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）(in order) to save money/ so as to save money
（2）has accumulated
（3）it might/may be helpful
（4）whoever provides/has provided
（5）that has been selected
（6）such a great impact /as great an impact
（7）shouldn't have interrupted oughtn't to have interrupted
（8）most widely read
（9）There stand
（10）before I could take in before I took in
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
（1） 考查动词不定式 。 不定式或in order to/so as to表示目的“为了”。
（2）考查时态语态 根据So far的时间状语时态上用的应该是现在完成时，语态上为主动。
（3）考查固定句式 。利用it做形式主语以及搭配 “be helpful to do sth”。
（4）考查宾语从句。 宾语从句中缺主语人且缺让步关系所以用whoever引导，时态上一般现在时与现在完成时是均可。
（5） 考查定语从句。 定语从句中先行词为student且有the only修饰故关系代词只能有that,语态上为被动。
（6）考查固定搭配 。固定搭配 such…as或as…as;其词序需要注意即：such+a(n)+adj+n/as+adj+a(n)+n.
（7）考查情态动词 。对过去含有责备语气的用should /ought to have done来完成。
（8）考查形容词副词 。用做定语来修饰书，“最广泛”通常用most widely来表达。
（9）考查倒装句。 完全倒装句，真正的主语是figures。
（10）考查固定句式 “过多久…才…”通常用“before…can/could”来表达；“理解”与“take”相关的是短语“take in ”。
【点评】本题中的十道题涉及对动词不定式、动词时态语态、固定句式、宾语从句、定语从句、情态动词、形容词、副词、倒装句等知识点的考查，覆盖面广，难度较大，要求考生牢固掌握相关知识点的同时，准确掌握有关词汇的词性和含义，确保答案的正确性。
18．【答案】It isn't hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.
I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest pared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.
As a member of the society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式议论文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇英语材料作文，材料简单，学生很容易把握写作要求和写作目的。考生在写作之前必需认真审题，首先要注意文章是要求结合具体的事例，所以一般都是发生过的，故描述时要用一般过去时。既然是对具体事例的理解，因此用第一人称。同时写的事例内容一定要符合所给的主题，并形成文章主题的首尾呼应从而提高作文的档次。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。定语从句： I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. 时间状语从句和定语从句结合使用：. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. 过去分词作状语和宾语从句的结合使用：ICompared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.
1 / 12014年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·湖北）Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A．motivation B．qualification C．talent D．technique
【答案】A
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她写作的动力源自为女性获得更高教育的权利。A.motivation“动力，激励”；B.qualification“资格”；C.talent“才能，天赋”；D.technique“技巧”。根据题意，选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分motivation，qualification，talent，technique的含义。
2．（2014·湖北）When Richard said，“You are much more agreeable and prettier now“，Joan's face turned red at the unexpected_____.
A．command B．comparison C．compliment D．contribution
【答案】C
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当 Richard说：”你现在更加和蔼可亲和漂亮了”，Joan听到这出乎意料的赞美脸红了。A.command“命令，要求”；B.comparison“比较”；C.compliment“恭维，赞美”；D.contribution“贡献”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分command，comparison，compliment，contribution的含义。
3．（2014·湖北）Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill，but____ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.
A．slipped B．skied C．signaled D．sank
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看到一大群人朝他涌来，他开始往山下跑，但他滑倒了并跪在正融化的积雪上。A.slip“滑倒”；B.ski”滑雪“；C.signal“发信号”；D.sink“下沉”。根据“went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow”即在融化的雪上摔倒了，所以要选择的动词之意与“go down”相同，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分slip，ski，signal，sink的含义。
4．（2014·湖北）The old rules have to be _____because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.
A．developed B．established C．observed D．revised
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：老的规则需要被修改因为它们只适合一百年前的状况。A.develop“培养，发展”；B.establish“建立”；C.observe“观察”；D.revise“修改”。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分develop，establish，observe，revise的含义。
5．（2014·湖北）I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to_____.
A．get through B．get off C．get in D．get along
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我一晚上都在打电话给Charles，但是网络肯定有问题，所以我不能接通。A. get through“渡过，接通（电话）”；B.get off 表示“动身，脱下”；C.get in“取得”;D.get along“相处”.根据题意，选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分get through，get off，get in，get along的含义，掌握get构成的动词短语。
6．（2014·湖北）Is this your necklace, Mary I____ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
A．came across B．dealt with C．looked after D．went for
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Mary，是你的项链吗？我早上打扫浴室的时候看见的。”A.come across“遇见，碰到”；B.deal with“处理”；C.look after“照顾”；D.go for“主张，努力取得”。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分come across，deal with，look after，go for的含义。
7．（2014·湖北）What was so _____about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed
A．awful B．essential C．impressive D．obvious
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：关于Jasmine Westland的胜利我们印象很深的就是她光脚获得了马拉松的第一。A. awful表示“可怕的，敬畏的”；B.essential为“根本的”；C.impressive“印象深刻的;D.obvious“明显的”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分awful，essential，impressive，obvious的含义。
8．（2014·湖北）Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______smile and let him go.
A．cautious B．grateful C．tolerant D．wild
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，让他走了。A.cautious“小心的，谨慎的”；B.grateful“感激的”；C.tolerant“容忍的”；D.wild“野蛮的”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分cautious，grateful，tolerant，wild的含义。
9．（2014·湖北）Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said___ ，“Don't be so mean，'' pointing a finger of warning at her.
A．dreadfully B．guiltily C．indirectly D．sharply
【答案】D
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Sabrina 一说完话Albert就严厉的说，不要这么吝啬，并手指着她。A.dreadfully“可怕地”；B.guiltily“愧疚的”；C.indirectly“间接地 ”；D.sharply“尖锐的，严厉的”。根据句意中的“Don't be so mean”以及用手指指的动作来看所选的副词的意思肯定是程度上很严肃的。故选D。
【点评】考查副词辨析，区分dreadfully，guiltily，indirectly，sharply的含义和用法。
10．Check carrots，potatoes, onions and any other vegetables_____ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.
A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale
【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】A项表示“需要的”；B项表示“储存的”；C项表示“出借的，共出借的”；D项表示“正出售的”。句意上,“检查胡萝卜，西红柿，洋葱以及其他___的蔬菜，有任何腐烂迹象的要立即使用或扔掉。”此句关键是后面的“使用或扔掉”决定了是“储存的”而不是“供出售的”，因为“出售的东西不会去使用而只能扔掉，故选B。
二、完形填空
11．（2014·湖北）完形填空
When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”.
At the （1） of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷）State Park，I （2） a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a （3） ，permanent campsite in the park, and （4） , the hosts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an （5） for the following day.
The park was （6） , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼠由）walking toward our table. We （7） climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to （8） our camp.
Having survived that night, we were （9） that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our （10） and gave us a beautiful campsite.
That evening, （11） , we learned about the canyon （12） . They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay （13） in the dark until the winds died away. （14） the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and （15） the little money my wife （16） by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful （17） For a time after our business （18） I thought I might lose my family as well.
Living in the tiny （19） with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself （20） for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!
（1）A．back B．edge C．centre D．entrance
（2）A．sponsored B．published C．noticed D．answered
（3）A．safe B．free C．convenient D．beautiful
（4）A．in return B．in time C．in short D．in turn
（5）A．attempt B．agreement C．appeal D．appointmei
（6）A．crowded B．dangerous C．ideal D．quiet
（7）A．repeatedly B．immediately C．eventually D．calmly
（8）A．attack B．leave C．pass D．search
（9）A．satisfied B．determined C．confident D．aware
（10）A．responsibilities B．requirements
C．circumstances D．conditions
（11）A．moreover B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however
（12）A．winds B．snows C．woods D．trails
（13）A．shaking B．quarrelling C．mourning D．aching
（14）A．After B．Between C．During D．Beyond
（15）A．give away B．hand out C．live on D．put aside
（16）A．borrowed B．earned C．posted D．raised
（17）A．business B．career C．family D．image
（18）A．started B．failed C．expanded D．declined
（19）A．truck B．park C．house D．camp
（20）A．desperate B．ready C．suitable D．thankful
【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）B；（9）C；（10）A；（11）D；（12）A；（13）A；（14）C；（15）C；（16）B；（17）C；（18）B；（19）A；（20）D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在生意失败后和妻子一起前往Texas希望能有一个新的开始。在帕罗杜洛峡谷州立公园找到一份作为护林人的工作，通过在此期间生活经历的种种深悟家庭的重要，也顺利地从生意失败的阴影中走出，勇敢地面对生活。
（1）考查名词。根据“We entered the park and…”可知我们走进公园，所以一开始是在入口处。D合语境。
（2）考查动词。空格后面是一工作广告，所以是作者看见，注意到。选C。
（3）考查形容词。后面有“a rent-free place…”,所以这儿直接用 “free”表“免费的”。故选B。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：公园提供免费的永久的露营地但需要做相应的工作。.A. in return“作为回报”；B. in time “及时”；C. in short”简短“；D. in turn“ 轮流，反过来”。A合语境。
（5）考查名词。根据下文作者是应征了这份工作并对于接下来的生活有了自己的计划安排。A. attempt“尝试”；B. agreement “同意”；C. appeal “吸引”；D. appointment“安排，计划”。D合语境。
（6）考查形容词。根据下文“so it took us some time to find an available site ”表示“我们花了一段时间找到合适的地方”故选A。A. crowded“拥挤的”；B. dangerous“危险的”；C. ideal“理想的”；D. quiet“安静的”。
（7）考查副词。根据前面的内容，有臭鼬过来人是吓的立即爬上了桌子，所以B适合。A. repeatedly“重复地”；B. immediately“立刻地”；C. eventually“最终地”；D. calmly“镇定地”。
（8）考查动词。根据上文是吓得爬上桌子几个小时所以是等臭鼬离开。A. attack“攻击”；B.leave”离开“；C. pass“经过”；D. search“搜寻”。D合语境。
（9）考查形容词。根据句意，经过了一晚上除了臭鼬的事情没有别的事，所以是感觉其它的都好，只有C符合。A. satisfied“满意的”；B. determined“意志坚定的”；C. confident”有信心的“；D. aware“意识到”。
（10）考查名词。根据上文人们向我们阐述我们所要承担的什么样的责任或任务。A. responsibilities”责任“；B. requirements“要求”；C. circumstances“状况”；D. conditions“条件”。
（11）考查副词。前面刚提到“a beautiful campsite”，后面出现了冰冷的寒风，所以这儿是转折的概念。选D。A. moreover表示递进；B. therefore表示因果；C. meanwhile表示并列；D. however表示转折。
（12）考查名词。下文“until the winds died away.”有提示，故选A。
（13）考查动词。根据上下文冰冷的暴风刮了一夜，所以我们躺的地方一直是摇摇晃晃的感觉。A. shaking”摇晃“；B. quarrelling“争吵”；C. mourning“哀悼”；D. aching“疼痛”。故选A。
（14）考查介词搭配。句意：在接下来的几个星期内，所以应该是C项的During；D表示“在......期间”。
（15）考查动词短语。根据上下文来看，是关于用钱的问题，指得是靠不多的钱生活。A. give away“捐赠，泄露”；B. hand out“交出”；C. live on“以…为生”；D. put aside“放在一旁”。故选C。
（16）考查动词。与money的搭配是make或earn，此处指的是妻子挣到的钱。A. borrowed“借”；B. earned”挣、赚“；C. posted“张贴”；D. raised“抚养，筹集，举起”之意。下文有“by substitute teaching”，所以应该是挣钱。故选B。
（17）考查名词。根据文章最后作者表达的最终建立家庭的情况来看，此处只能用family,上下对应。A. business”生意“；B. career “事业”；C. family”家庭“；D. image“形象”。
（18）考查动词。根据文章一开始作者介绍的背景知道是生意上的失败。A. started“开始”；B. failed”失败“；C.expanded“扩大”；D. declined“下降，拒绝”。故选B。
（19）考查名词。上文一直在提到是在我们的卡车里，所以此处是作者对于这样生活的感受。故选A。
（20）考查形容词。作者最后对于这样行的生活有感而发，虽然生意失败了，但是却给了作者一个温暖的家，所以这儿的情感更是对困难的一种感激与敬意。A. desperate“绝望”；B. ready“准备好了”；C. suitable“适合的”；D. thankful”感激的“，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、以及副词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
12．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a ing up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy's teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking，the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:
“So what happened today ”
It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn't let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start，which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
（1）The boy made trouble for his teacher because he_____ .
A．was accused of destroying property
B．was told not to yell at other children
C．was made to do things against his will
D．was blamed for creating an air of tension
（2）Why didn't the author do anything about the boy's bad behavior at first
A．She didn't want to make it worse.
B．She didn't mind the huge mess at all.
C．She was tired of shouting and threats.
D．She hadn't thought of a coping strategy.
（3）The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by _____.
A．playing games with him B．giving him a good suggestion
C．describing his teacher's feelings D．avoiding making critical remarks
（4）Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end
A．He was sorry about his reputation.
B．He was regretful about his behavior.
C．He was fearful of the author's warning.
D．He was sad for the author's misunderstanding.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了从与有残疾的小孩相处的一段经历中得出教育小孩更应该需要的是交流与讲道理而不是威胁甚至是惩罚，因为那样更是适得其反。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“…but asked him to do what he disliked”可知那个男孩之所以惹麻烦是因为老师总叫他做他不喜欢的事情也就是违背他意愿的事，故C正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed”可知作者知道如果批评的话那个小男孩就不会再交流什么了，所以作者期望情况不要恶化好利于与男孩的交流，故A正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“…no blame or anger in my tone”可知作者的语气上没有任何的责备与生气，这也是作者所采取的策略即不适用任何批评性的言辞，故D正确。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize”可知男孩想去道歉，所以推断出男孩是感到后悔了，故B正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
13．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
London's newest skyscraper (摩天大楼)is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶) He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆）of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.
Before building work began, a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
（1）London's newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ._____
A．its cost B．its size C．its shape D．its height
（2）When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to ._____
A．change London's skyline B．inherit London's tradition
C．imitate the Egyptian style D．attract potential visitors
（3）The critics who refer to social division think the Shard_______ .
A．is only preferred by the rich B．is intended for wealthy people
C．is far away from the poor area D．is popular only with Londoners
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage
A．The Shard: Cheers and Claps
B．The Shard: Work of a Great Architect
C．The Shard: New Symbol of London
D．The Shard: A Change for the Better
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【知识点】细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了伦敦新建了欧洲最高的被称之为“the Shard”的摩天大楼，成为了伦敦的新标志，然而对此却有不同的观点，尤其是对新的摩天大楼代表的阶层更是有络绎不绝的批评之声。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular. So the building has an unusual shape”可知正是因为它的外形新的摩天大楼才被称作为“the Shard”.故C正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition ”可知Piano希望摩天大楼更多承载的是伦敦的传统，故B正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. …So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.”可知批评者认为它只是代表了有钱的富人，也成为了穷人与富人的区分和界限，故B正确。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better ”可知本文是在探究与阐述对新的摩天大楼所带来的变化究竟是怎样的，故利用这样的话题作为标题很鲜明直接，故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
14．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒）in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认 知的）tasks not because they aren't clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don't associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The design of Dr. Carter's research.
B．The results of Dr. Carter's research.
C．The purpose of Dr. Carter's research.
D．The significance of Dr. Carter's research.
（2）According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task
A．Those that have more experience.
B．Those that can avoid potential risks.
C．Those that like to work independently.
D．Those that feel anxious about learning.
（3）Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4
A．Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B．Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C．Some baboons observe others but don't follow them.
D．Some baboons perform new tasks but don't concentrate.
（4）Dr. Carter's findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A．storing information B．learning from each other
C．understanding different people D．travelling between social groups
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，阐述研究狒狒如何获得食物的信息来讲述社会生活中的文化是通过相互的学习来获取的。
（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段其主要阐述的是研究项目的主要内容，对象与方法也就是这个研究的设计，故A正确。
（2）考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others”可知选D。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第三段中的 “while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.”可知划线部分的内容指的是“光看不做的”，故C正确。
（4）考查细节理解。 根据最后一段中的“The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning”回归文章的研究主题上即文化的获取是通过相互的学习，故B正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理、概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
15．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
You've flown halfway around the world; you've sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of; so what on earth is there to do here You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.
It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee. By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.
Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin, about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok, down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place，and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.
There's an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It's what this place offers, and it，s free of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest. You sit there and watch the sea.
It's early afternoon, so the cook comes out and asks what you'd like to eat this evening. Before long he's rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered—every meal fresh and to order. No menu here.
There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea. There9 s no street noise. The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.For now you just count your blessings (福祉)，listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾) You don't have to worry about being late for work. You don't have to do anything.
The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线)，slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. Sand to your left and sand to your right; it's unbroken, endless. No start, no end, just sand, sun,and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work，and hurry.
Normally you，re the type who can，t sit still for more than ten minutes, but you're on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and, in the right frame of mind, it stretches all the way around theworld.
“How could it take me so long to find it ” you wonder.
（1）When the author first went to Huaplee Beach,____
A．he found it unworthwhile B．he failed to sort himself out
C．he became sensitive to smell D．he had difficulty in finding it
（2）What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach
A．No menu. B．Free food.
C．Self service. D．Quick delivery.
（3）In the author's opinion, a tourist can enjoy Huaplee Beach most when he____ .
A．sits in a beach chair B．forgets his daily routine
C．plans a detailed schedule D．draws pictures in the sand
（4）What does the author imply by his question at the end of the passage
A．He shouldn't have counted his blessings.
B．He should have understood the wonder of nature.
C．He shouldn't have spent so much time on the trip.
D．He should have come to the place earlier.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述在泰国海湾西部的一个叫Huaplee沙滩小岛上旅游生活的所感所想。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland ”可知找到地方花费的时间很多也很找到，故D正确。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“No menu here.”可知这儿最特别的就是没有菜单，故A正确。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第七段中的“You don't have to worry about being late for work. You don't have to do anything.”可推断出享受的最好方法就是不要去想和做日常的事情，故B正确。
（4）考查判断推理。根据第七、八、九三段的内容来看作者对于小岛上的生活是推崇备至，所以更希望是早就在这儿了，故D正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
16．（2014·湖北）阅读理解
For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets，and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue，the elevator's role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地)，and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的)columns.
If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience^one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we're hanging from a cable in a long passage.
In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it”， Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.
Today，as the world's urban population explodes，and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America's total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine's “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”一are a force that's becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.
（1）What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The general view of elevators.
B．The particular interests of experts.
C．The desire for a remarkable machine.
D．The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.
（2）The author's purpose in mentioning cars is .
A．to contrast their functions with elevators,
B．to emphasize the importance of elevators
C．to reveal their secret war against elevators
D．to explain people's preference for elevators
（3）According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences
A．Vertical direction. B．Lack of excitement.
C．Little physical space. D．Uncomfortable conditions.
（4）The author urges readers to consider .
A．the exact number of elevator lovers
B．the serious future situation of elevators
C．the role of elevators in city development
D．the relationship between cars and elevators
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了对于电梯人们所持有的不同态度与观点，并表达了自己对于电梯的态度。
（1）考查推理判断。根据划线内容推断应该指代的是第一段中的“For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets，and even bicycles ”即大众对于电梯的看法，故A正确。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In that sense, they argue，the elevator's role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars.”作者通过提及汽车来更好的阐述观点即电梯的重要性，故B正确。
（3）考查推理判断。 根据第三段中的“ “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.”和” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.”可知是因为电梯的关闭给人带来了不愉悦，也就是电梯的空间带来的问题，故C正确。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.”可知作者的写作用意在于让读者去评价电梯的价值所在，故C正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，通过上下文的逻辑关系，进一步分析、推理，选出正确答案。
四、完成句子
17．（2014·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例：___was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament, (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）The community college has to cut down on staff　 　. (save)
为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。
（2）So far the well-known journalist　 　more than 4,000 interviews with famous people, (accumulate)
迄今为止这位著名记者釆访名人已累积达四千余人次。
（3）Sometimes　 　to use examples to explain abstract concepts, (helpful)
有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。
（4）The police will reward　 　useful information to catch the robber, (provide)
任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。
（5）He's the only student in the class　 　to take part in the Model United Nations conference, (select)
他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的同学。
（6）No other technological development has had 　 　as the growth of electronics on so many aspects of social, economic，and cultural development, (impact)
没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样，对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多 方面产生过如此重要的影响。
（7）You 　 　 the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards,(interrupt)
你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。
（8）This novel was once the　 　book in high schools in the United States, (read)
这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。
（9）The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. 　 　many stone sculptures of famous historical figures, (stand)
大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。
（10）It was several minutes　 　what he was saying, (take)
过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
【答案】（1）(in order) to save money/ so as to save money
（2）has accumulated
（3）it might/may be helpful
（4）whoever provides/has provided
（5）that has been selected
（6）such a great impact /as great an impact
（7）shouldn't have interrupted oughtn't to have interrupted
（8）most widely read
（9）There stand
（10）before I could take in before I took in
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
（1） 考查动词不定式 。 不定式或in order to/so as to表示目的“为了”。
（2）考查时态语态 根据So far的时间状语时态上用的应该是现在完成时，语态上为主动。
（3）考查固定句式 。利用it做形式主语以及搭配 “be helpful to do sth”。
（4）考查宾语从句。 宾语从句中缺主语人且缺让步关系所以用whoever引导，时态上一般现在时与现在完成时是均可。
（5） 考查定语从句。 定语从句中先行词为student且有the only修饰故关系代词只能有that,语态上为被动。
（6）考查固定搭配 。固定搭配 such…as或as…as;其词序需要注意即：such+a(n)+adj+n/as+adj+a(n)+n.
（7）考查情态动词 。对过去含有责备语气的用should /ought to have done来完成。
（8）考查形容词副词 。用做定语来修饰书，“最广泛”通常用most widely来表达。
（9）考查倒装句。 完全倒装句，真正的主语是figures。
（10）考查固定句式 “过多久…才…”通常用“before…can/could”来表达；“理解”与“take”相关的是短语“take in ”。
【点评】本题中的十道题涉及对动词不定式、动词时态语态、固定句式、宾语从句、定语从句、情态动词、形容词、副词、倒装句等知识点的考查，覆盖面广，难度较大，要求考生牢固掌握相关知识点的同时，准确掌握有关词汇的词性和含义，确保答案的正确性。
五、书面表达
18．（2014·湖北）请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。
Small things make a big difference. The small things we do can make us a responsible member of the society.
注意：①无须写标题； ②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；
④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
⑤词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
【答案】It isn't hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.
I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest pared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.
As a member of the society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式议论文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇英语材料作文，材料简单，学生很容易把握写作要求和写作目的。考生在写作之前必需认真审题，首先要注意文章是要求结合具体的事例，所以一般都是发生过的，故描述时要用一般过去时。既然是对具体事例的理解，因此用第一人称。同时写的事例内容一定要符合所给的主题，并形成文章主题的首尾呼应从而提高作文的档次。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。定语从句： I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. 时间状语从句和定语从句结合使用：. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. 过去分词作状语和宾语从句的结合使用：ICompared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.
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