江苏省南通启东市2016-2017学年八年级下学期英语开学考试试卷

江苏省南通启东市2016-2017学年八年级下学期英语开学考试试卷
一、单项选择
1．（2017八下·启东开学考）Jim is________ honest boy in my class. He bought me________ useful book as a birthday present.
A．a， an B．an， a C．a， a D．an， an
2．（2017八下·启东开学考）We are not sure if it________ tomorrow. If it________， we won't climb the South Hill.
A．will snow； snows B．will snow； will snow
C．snows； snows D．snows； will snow
3．（2017八下·启东开学考）—Laura didn't join in their dancing last night，did she
—________，because she fell off her bike and hurt her legs
A．Yes，she B．No，she didn't
C．Yes，she didn't． D．No，she did
4．（2017八下·启东开学考）________wonderful news report he wrote!
A．What a B．What C．How D．How a
5．（2017八下·启东开学考）I failed in the exam. But my mother________ me to try again.
A．keeps moving B．kept encouraging
C．kept stopping D．keeps making
6．（2017八下·启东开学考）Please tell me ________.
A．to choose which one B．which one to choose
C．which one do you choose D．you choose which one
7．（2017八下·启东开学考）I couldn't complete ________the house ________your support.
A．decorating； with B．to decorate； with
C．decorating； without D．to decorate； without
8．（2017八下·启东开学考）Shanghai is bigger than________ in Jiangsu and bigger than________ in China.
A．any city； any city B．any city； any other city
C．any other city； the other cities D．any other city； any city
9．（2017八下·启东开学考）We found our English teacher very interesting. Its structure is________ .
A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO
10．（2017八下·启东开学考）There are________ visitors to the wetland park， and the number is becoming ________now.
A．thousand of； larger and larger B．thousands of； more and more
C．thousands of； larger and larger D．thousand of； more and more
11．（2017八下·启东开学考）—________ do people ________ Yancheng Nature Reserve
—Birds Home.
A．How； say B．How； tell C．What； call D．What； talk
12．（2017八下·启东开学考）He________ a teacher because he knows a lot.
A．maybe B．may be C．may not be D．may to be
13．（2017八下·启东开学考）I like reading very much. I want to borrow________ books.
A．more four B．four more C．many four D．four another
14．（2017八下·启东开学考）— Is Millie at school today
— No. She's at home________ her illness.
A．because B．because of C．as a result D．before
15．（2017八下·启东开学考）— Do you think your football team will win the match
— Yes， we have better players. So I ________ them to win.
A．hope B．ask C．help D．wish
16．（2017八下·启东开学考）Since you've spilt the milk， you'll have to ________.
A．mop it up B．mop up it C．mop them up D．mop up them
17．（2017八下·启东开学考）I hope ________ a teacher in the future.
A．become B．you to become C．to become D．became
18．（2017八下·启东开学考）What makes the man so________
A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting D．excite
19．（2017八下·启东开学考）Would you show me your room I heard you________ a really pretty picture on the wall.
A．put up B．put off C．put out D．put in
20．（2017八下·启东开学考）—Many people buy the coats made of animals' fur.
—________ We should take action to protect animals.
A．It doesn't matter. B．What a shame!
C．What great fun! D．With pleasure.
二、完形填空
21．（2017八下·启东开学考）完形填空。
Jennie sat at her window as usual， looking out upon the street， with a look of sadness on her face， “what a long day this is going to be!”
Then she saw a little boy running down the street， swinging his schoolbag. Looking up to the window， he took off （1） hat and bowed with a bright， pleasant smile.
“What a nice （2） ，” said Jennie to herself， as the boy ran out of sight. “It seems like having the sunshine. I wish everybody who goes by would look up （3） smile.
George， the little boy， told his mother about that （4） girl when he got back home， “she looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”
“Why not give her some （5） ”said his mother. George agreed.
The next morning， as Jennie （6） at the window again， she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers carefully picking his way across the street. He stopped in front of her window， smiling pleasantly， and said， “can I come in ” Jennie told him （7） to get into the house. Opening the door to Jennie's gentle “come in”， George said， “I've brought you some flowers.”
“Are they for me ”said Jennie （8） . “How kind you are，” she continued， as George put the flowers on her lap. I've （9） received any flower since we moved to the town.”“Did you live in the countryside ”asked George， （10） the old， small and empty room.“Yes，” said Jennie.
Jennie used to have a happy family and live in a beautiful house in the countryside. However， she lost her right leg in an accident. She （11） walk like other people any longer. Later， her father died， and her mother was sick （12） so many years that their money was all gone. They sold the house， and moved here to get work to do.
George told his parents （13） . They decided to help her. More and more people in the （14） gave Jennie friendly smiles when they passed by her house. She was greatly cheered up. A few months later， Jennie and her mother （15） a flower shop. People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop， having a lovely smile on face.
（1）A．her B．his C．your D．my
（2）A．house B．door C．smile D．schoolbag
（3）A．and B．but C．as D．or
（4）A．rich B．lucky C．bad D．poor
（5）A．money B．flowers C．clothes D．food
（6）A．danced B．cried C．sat D．laughed
（7）A．how B．who C．when D．why
（8）A．angrily B．easily C．sadly D．happily
（9）A．never B．usually C．always D．sometimes
（10）A．looking for B．looking around C．looking like D．looking after
（11）A．shouldn't B．needn't C．couldn't D．mustn't
（12）A．for B．in C．at D．on
（13）A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
（14）A．countryside B．town C．village D．city
（15）A．reached B．left C．closed D．opened
三、阅读理解
22．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
There are many different kinds of TV shows. Which do you like best
A bite of China is a documentary（纪录片）that started on CCTV on May 14th， 2012. It tells the stories behind delicious food from different places in China and shows a lot about Chinese culture.
Britain's Got Talent (英国达人秀) is a British television talent show and competition which began on ITV in June 2007. Anyone of any age with some kinds of talent （才能）can apply for（申请）a chance against each other to win prize.
The voice of China is a television singing competition. It started on July 13th ， 2012 on Zhejiang TV. It is like The voice of Holland which started in Holland in 2010.
Mythbusters（流言终结者）is a science entertainment（科技型娱乐）TV program which began on January 10th， 2015. It is one of the most popular shows on Discovery Channel. On the show， the hosts（主持人）， Adam Savage and Jamie Hynema， take a scientific look at what people say or think to see if it is true.
（1）We can watch A bite of China ____________
A．on ITV B．on CCTV
C．on Zhejiang TV D．on Discovery Channel
（2）Who can apply for a chance to perform on the Britain's Got Talent
A．Only men. B．Only women.
C．Any talented person. D．Teenagers aged 12.
（3）What can we know from The voice of China
A．Some scientific stories. B．Some best singers.
C．Stories about delicious food. D．Some talent people.
（4）What do the hosts of Mythbusters do on the show
A．They introduce delicious food.
B．They tell some jokes.
C．They use a scientific mind to see if what people say or think is true.
D．They choose the best singers.
（5）Which programme is the latest(最新的) one according to the passage
A．A bite of China B．Britain's Got Talent
C．The voice of China D．My thbusters
23．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
China's air pollution problems are more serious these days. But just try to remember that the air pollution shouldn't stop you from enjoying life in China. Here are some tips for you to keep the smog（雾霾）away.
Watch the weather report.
As you can see， it will give you an analysis of pollution， but my general rule is： if it's above 80， wear a face mask and limit（限制）time to spend outside； if it's below 80， go outside and enjoy the day， open all the windows to get some much-needed fresh air and exercise. But do not exercise outside if the pollution is high. I went running once when it was around 120， and I was ill and missed several days of work.
Get a house plant that cleans the air.
A house plant can make your home beautiful and clean the air. I have some plants and just yesterday， I bought another plant. At that time I didn't know it could clean the air. I just got it because it could make me feel better.
Never open the windows.
No matter how hot and wet it is inside， just wait until it is a nice day to air your apartment. Just stay at home and do some things you like.
（1）How many tips does the passage mention（提及）
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
（2）The underlined word “analysis” means ________ in Chinese.
A．现实 B．分析 C．例子 D． 图谱
（3）You can go outside and play football if the pollution is ________.
A．above 80 B．above 100 C．above 120 D．below 80
（4）Getting a house plant can ______ and make you feel happy.
A．clean the air B．make your house dirty
C．take you calm D．let your heart slow down
（5）What's the best title of the passage
A．Never open your windows.
B．Listen to the radio every day.
C．Buy as many as trees as you can.
D．How to keep yourself safe in the air pollution.
24．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
“I will think of it.” It is easy to say this， but do you know what great things have come from thinking
Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He began to think and tried to find out why the apple fell. Then he discovered how the sun， moon， and stars are kept in their places.
A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fire， watching the lid of the kettle move up and down. He wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the lid. From that time he went on thinking and thinking. And when he became a man， he improved the steam engine (蒸汽机) so much that it could easily do the work of many horses.
James Ferguson was a poor boy. Once， seeing the inside of a watch， he wondered. “Why should I not make a watch ” But how could he get the materials to make the mainspring (钟表的主发条) He soon found he could make it with whalebone (鲸骨). He then made a wooden clock which kept good time. His motto (座右铭) was “I will think of it.” And he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world.
Boys and girls， when you have a difficult lesson to learn， don't lose heart， and don't ask someone for help before helping yourselves. Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.
（1）From the passage， we know that some great things come from _____.
A．listening B．reading C．speaking D．thinking
（2）The idea of Isaac Newton's discovery was from _____.
A．the falling of an apple B．the cleaning of a garden
C．the falling of a tree D．the moving of a lid
（3）The achievement of James Watt was that he _____.
A．kept thinking B．found the steam in the kettle
C．improved the steam engine much D．watched the lid move up and down
（4）The right order of the following sentences is _____.
① James Ferguson made a wooden clock.
② James Ferguson saw the inside of a watch.
③ James Ferguson made the mainspring with whalebone.
A．③ ② ① B．② ③ ① C．② ① ③ D．③ ① ②
（5）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Learn to ask for help.
B．A difficult lesson to learn.
C．It is easy to say “I will think of it.
D．Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.
25．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
On April 14th at 7：49 am， the town of Jyekundo in Kham， was struck (打击) by a 6.9 magnitude earthquake. My family and I were in our 3rd floor apartment building when the earthquake hit. There was a smaller earthquake (around 4.7) that happened around 4 am and neither my wife nor I could get back to sleep. When the big earthquake hit， my wife was using her computer while our younger son Norbu (18 months old) was playing in the living room. Tsering， our older son who is 3 years old， was still asleep in the back bedroom of the 3 bedroom apartment we were living in.
Norbu flew across the room when the earthquake hit. My wife was also thrown to the ground. Everything in our apartment began to be tossed (摇动) around， breaking when it hit the walls or floor. I ran to the back bedroom and grabbed (抓住) Tsering as my wife grabbed Norbu off the floor. Together， we ran to the door. I stopped long enough to grab my shoes， coat and a bit of money. I opened the door and one of our neighbors helped us carry Tsering down to the ground floor. I was the only one of my family who managed to get shoes.
After the earthquake， we were able to see that this was a major earthquake. We began to hear people crying for help， badly injured people crawling (爬) to the road and people weeping (哭泣) for loved ones who had died.
（1）What was Tsering doing when the big earthquake hit
A．He was using the computer.
B．He was playing in the living room.
C．He was sleeping in the back bedroom.
D．He was crying for help.
（2）What didn't the writer do in the earthquake
A．He ran to the back bedroom and grabbed Tsering.
B．He grabbed Norbu off the floor.
C．He stopped to grab his shoes， coat and a little money.
D．He went down to the ground floor.
（3）When did the smaller earthquake happen
A．At 7：49 am. B．At 6：09 am. C．At 3：00 am. D．At 4：00 am.
（4）What did NOT people do after the earthquake
A．People were able to have a rest.
B．People cried for help.
C．Injured people were crawling to the road.
D．People were weeping for dead loved ones.
（5）Which is the best title for this article
A．My Family B．A Major Earthquake
C．What to Do in an Earthquake D．My Good Neighbors
四、单词拼写
26．（2017八下·启东开学考）根据句意及提示，完成下列句子中所缺的单词。
（1）The tree grew to a 　 　(高度) of 20 feet.
（2）No one was 　 　(living， not dead) after the air disaster.
（3）She is wearing sunglasses to 　 　(keep safe from danger) her eyes from the light.
（4）There are too many 　 　(广告) in the newspaper every day.
（5）The sick man gets b　 　 today than yesterday.
五、选词填空
27．（2017八下·启东开学考）从方框内选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。（每词限用一次）
arrive slim sing correct wonder
（1）Amy wants to be a 　 　 and sings for the poor people.
（2）Kitty is the 　 　 girl in our class.
（3）It's 　 　 to see my friends in another country.
（4）He listens carefully and he can answer the questions 　 　.
（5）He forgot the time of 　 　， and made us wait for a long time.
28．（2017八下·启东开学考）从方框内选择合适的动词，并用其适当形式填空。（每词限用一次）
write eat not be prepare stay
（1）My father made me 　 　 at home by myself that day.
（2）I have no pen 　 　 with.
（3）Would you like something 　 　
（4）The school art festival is coming. The students each 　 　 for it at present.
（5）Who can hold the party if Mr. White 　 　 here this afternoon
六、句型转换
29．（2017八下·启东开学考）句型转换。
（1）To speak French in China is very hard. (改为同义句)
　 　 very hard 　 　 speak French in China.
（2）The movie is very exciting.（改为感叹句）
　 　　 　 exciting movie !
（3）Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food. (改为同义句)
Visitors love this city 　 　　 　 its historical sights and delicious food.
（4）Tony has ten story books. Jimmy has five story books. (保持句意基本不变)
Tony has 　 　books 　 　 Jimmy.
（5）The girl eats little to make herself slim.（对划线部分提问）
　 　　 　the girl eat little
30．（2017八下·启东开学考）改错。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
七、短文填空
31．（2017八下·启东开学考）首字母填空。
Do you know that animals have love for each other and their children just like us h　 　 Let me tell you some moving (令人感动的) s　 　of great animal parents.
Several years ago a heavy rain h　 　a town and made the river go up. When the rain stopped， people found that a big dog swam to an island in the river twice a day for two weeks. Why did she do so Her four c　 　 were there. The mother swam there every day to feed her babies. This t　 　 story on the newspaper moved many people.
A　 　 story is about chimpanzees（猩猩）. A scientist n　 　 Jane Goodall spent 4 years living with chimpanzees in Africa. She found that chimpanzees also cared for those that were hurt or got lost. “It is not o　 　 humans who have duties， but also animals do，” she said.
Two birds in Chengdu also showed their parents' l　 　. Their baby was hurt and fell on the street in the center of the city. Cars were driving past but the brave parents rushed down to the road and took the little bird a　 　 with their claws (爪子).
八、任务型阅读
32．（2017八下·启东开学考）任务型阅读。
The power of nature
There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. We cannot stop the power of nature. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes， it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. Sometimes it is after a big storm at sea， when too much sea water comes onto the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and can hurt our homes. We cannot stop a flood from coming， but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall.
An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and in different directions. Then land can crack（断裂）. An earthquake can hurt us. We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can start fires. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming， but we can try to make our homes strong so that they will not fall down in an earthquake.
A tornado（龙卷风）is fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is in the way. A hurricane（飓风）is a big storm with fast winds and strong rain. It begins at the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming， but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature， but we can go to places where we can be safe.
（1）When does a flood come
（2）Why should we try to make our homes strong
（3）How can we try to stop the water
（4）Where does a hurricane begin
（5）When facing a tornado or a hurricane， what can we do
九、书面表达
33．（2017八下·启东开学考）书面表达 。假如你叫李华，你想和Jim成为笔友，请你给Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍你自己。信的内容包含以下要点：
1). 黑色头发，大眼睛，乐于助人 ...... （自由发挥，至少一点）；
2). 对篮球狂热，爱好DIY ...... （自由发挥，至少一点）；
3). 最喜欢春天，认为春天是一年中最适合游玩的季节；
4). 观鸟协会的成员之一，希望人们能采取行动保护野生动物；
5). 长大后想成为...... 因为......
注意：1). 文章内容应包含上述信息，可适当发挥；
2). 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分；
3). 词数：80字左右（短文开头、结尾已给出，不计入词数）；
4). 语言规范，信息完整，结构连贯，书写工整。
Dear Jim，
I am so happy to write to you! Let me introduce myself first.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】表示数量“一”
【解析】【分析】句意：吉姆是我班上一个诚实的男孩。他给我买了一本有用的书作为生日礼物。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面；an用于以元音开头的单词前。honest第一个音发元音， 前面用冠词an； useful第一个音发辅音，前面用冠词a。故选B。
【点评】考查不定冠词用法中的a用于辅音音素前，an用于元音音素前。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】条件状语从句；if或whether引导；时态统一
【解析】【分析】句意：我们不确定明天是否会下雪。如果下雪，我们就不去爬山。连词if有两种用法，一是引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可为需要的任意时态；二是引导条件状语从句，意思是“如果”， 时态遵循“主将从现”。故选A。
【点评】考查if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句中的时态。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：—劳拉昨晚没参加他们的舞蹈，是吗？—是的，她没有，因为她从自行车上摔下来，伤了腿。本题是反义疑问句的答语，回答时，应根据事实来作答，前后肯定和否定要保持一致。根据句意，她没有参加，故应用否定的，故选B。
【点评】。考查一般疑问句的回答：yes+主语+谓语；no+主语+谓语+not。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意：他写了一则多么精彩的新闻报道啊！感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语! report可数名词，报道。故选A。
【点评】考查what引导的感叹句：what+a/an+（adj）+n+主语+谓语！
5．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我考试不及格。但我妈妈一直鼓励我再试一次。本句用一般过去时态表达，keep的过去式kept；kept encouraging一直鼓励，encourage sb. to do鼓励某人做某事，固定结构；make sb. do让某人做某事；stop, move均没有复合宾语的这种结构。所以根据句意和结构，故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配encourage sb to do sth。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：请告诉我选择哪个。“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”可以作宾语或宾补，所以AD结构错；C为宾语从句，用了倒装语序，也错。所以选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句引导词的位置和陈述句序。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：没有你的支持，我无法完成装饰这个房子。complete doing完成做某事； without介词，没有，表示条件。所以选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配complete doing，介词with和without词义辨析。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】表示比任何其他都；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：上海比江苏的任何城市都大，比中国的其他任何城市都大。any city任何城市；上海不属于江苏可以和江苏的任何城市比较；any other city任何其他城市，上海属于中国只能和中国除上海本身以外的城市相比。所以选B。
【点评】考查any，any other和the other的辨析。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】句子结构与成分
【解析】【分析】句意：我们发现我们的英语老师很有趣。其结构是：S(主语)+V(谓语)+ DO (宾语)+OC（补语）。 S(主语)We ；found V(谓语)；DO (宾语)our English teacher；OC（补语）very interesting.所以选B。
【点评】考查英语中的五种基本句型中的：主谓宾宾补。要熟练掌握五种基本句型。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】数字的复数形式；表示越来越
【解析】【分析】句意：有成千上万的游客到湿地公园，现在数量越来越大。固定短语 thousands of成千上万，表示约数。number数字，数量，用large修饰表示数量大，多，larger 是large的比较级。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配thousands of和比较级+and+比较级结构。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】疑问代词；特殊疑问句；动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：—人们怎么称呼盐城自然保护区？—鸟之家。say及物动词，说；tell及物动词，告诉；call及物动词，称呼、叫；talk不及物动词，说。call sb. /sth. sth.称……为……，根据结构分析，句中缺少动词的宾语，故用疑问词what，故选C。
【点评】考查特殊疑问词的选择，动词辨析，结合句意选择合适的动词。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他可能是老师，因为他懂得很多。maybe副词，可能；may be情态动词，可能是，在句中可作谓语；may not be否定意思；may to be错误结构。句中缺少谓语,maybe副词，不能作谓语，故选B。
【点评】考查单词辨析，may为情态动词，maybe为副词。
13．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我很喜欢读书。我还想借四本书。数词+more+名词，表示在原来的基础上再多多少；another的结构为：another+数词+名词，所以选B。
【点评】考查another+数词；数词+more结构。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：—米莉今天在学校吗？—不，她在家里因为她的病。空前后之是因果关系，because连词，因为，后跟句子；because of因为，后跟名词或短语；as a result因此，结果，副词短语，as a result of后可跟名词或名词短语表示原因；before在前。所以选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配because of。
15．【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：—你认为你的足球队会赢这场比赛吗？—是的，我们有更好的球员。所以我希望他们赢。wish sb to do sth.， 而 hope没有此用法。 故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析、固定搭配wish sb to do sth.。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：既然你把牛奶溅出来了，你必须清理干净。mop up 擦去、肃清、用拖把拖洗。milk是不可数名词，用it代替；动词+副词结构的宾语，放在短语中间。故选A。
【点评】考查固定用法在it作宾语的时候放在短语中间。
17．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我希望将来成为一名教师。hope to do希望做某事。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配hope to do。
18．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：什么使这个人如此兴奋？make使役动词，make sb. +形容词，表示使某人处在……的状态中，excited修饰人的形容词，表示人的情感状态；excitedly副词，修饰动词；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰事物；excite动词，使某人兴奋。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配make sb +adj和词义辨析。
19．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你能带我看看你的房间吗？我听说你在墙上贴了一幅很漂亮的画。put up张贴、挂起；put off推迟；put out扑灭；put in放入；提交。根据句意，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，结合句意和词义选择。
20．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：—许多人买动物毛皮制成的外套。—多么可耻！我们应该采取行动保护动物。A没关系，B多么可耻！C多有趣！D我很乐意。根据环保理念，上文应是件可耻的事。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际，要准确理解语境，熟悉英语文化方面的知识。
21．【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；人生百味类；教育类
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要描述了一个小男孩设法帮助一个小女孩的故事，最后让这个失去一条腿的女孩重新树立起了生活的信心。从而也让人们懂得了微笑的力量是多么伟大。
（1）考查物主代词和对语境的理解。句意：他抬头望向窗前，摘下帽子，带着灿烂而愉快的微笑鞠了一躬。A. her 她的；B.his他的；C. your 你的；D. my我的。联系上文he took off 可知他摘下他的帽子，故选B。
（2）考查名词和对语境的理解。句意：当男孩跑出了视线，珍妮自言自语说：“多么漂亮的笑容”。A. house房子；B. door门；C. smile 微笑； D. schoolbag 书包。联系上文and bowed with a bright， pleasant smile.及下文描述，可知珍妮是在感叹这个笑容。故选C。（3）考查连词和对语境的理解。句意：我希望每一个经过的人都会抬头微笑。A.and 和、并且； B.but 但是；C. as 当……时候；D.or或者。结合语境可知look up向上看，和smile微笑，作并列谓语。故选A。
（4）考查形容词和对语境的理解。句意：小男孩乔治回家后告诉他妈妈那个可怜的女孩，“她看起来很无助。我希望我能为她做点什么。”A. rich 富裕的；B. lucky 幸运的；C .bad 糟糕的；D. poor贫穷的、可伶的。联系下文“She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”描述，可知他认为那是个可怜的女孩，故选D。
（5） 考查名词及语境理解。句意：句意：“为什么不给她一些花呢？”母亲说。A. money 钱；B. flowers 花；C. clothes 衣服；D. food食物。联系下文she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers 描述，可知此处是提议给她一些花。故选B。
（6）考查动词和对语境的理解。句意：次日早晨，当珍妮坐 又在窗边，她看见乔治拿着一把美丽的鲜花小心翼翼地穿过街道。A. danced 跳舞；B. cried 哭；C. sat 坐；D.laughed笑。联系上文描述可知珍妮又坐在窗前。故选C。
（7）考查特殊疑问词和对语境的理解。句意：珍妮告诉他如何进入房子。A. how 怎样；B. who 谁； C. when 什么时候；D. why 为什么。故选A。
（8）考查副词和对语境的理解。句意：“它们是给我的吗？”珍妮愉快地说。A. angrily 生气地；B. easily 容易地；C. sadly 伤心地；D. happily 高兴地。联系上下文，可知珍妮很高兴。故选D。
（9）考查副词和对语境的理解。句意：自从我们搬到镇上，我就再也没有收到过花。A. never从不；B. usually 通常；C. always 总是；D. sometimes 有时。联系下文可知，自从搬到这儿来以后，她从来没有收到过任何鲜花。故选A。
（10）考查现在分词和对语境的理解。句意：“你过去住在乡下吗？”乔治问，四处看着又旧又小、空荡荡的房间。A. looking for寻找； B. looking around四处看；C. looking like 看起来像； D. looking after照顾。现在分词短语作伴随状语。故选B。
(11)考查情态动词和对语境的理解。句意：她不能像其他人一样行走。A. shouldn't 不应该；B. needn't 不需要；C. couldn't 不能；D. mustn't禁止。故选C。
（12）考查介词和对语境的理解。句意：后来，她的父亲去世了，她母亲病了这么多年，他们的钱都没有了。A. for 长达，后可跟一段时间；B. in 在……里；C. at 在；D.on 在……上面。故选A。
（13）考查不定代词和对语境的理解。句意：乔治告诉他的父母一切。他们决定帮助她。A. something 某事；B. anything 任何事；C. everything 每件事；D. nothing 没事。故选C。
（14）考查名词和对语境的理解。句意：在镇上越来越多的人给珍妮友善的微笑， 当他们路过她家的时候。A. countryside 乡下；B. town 城镇；C. village 村庄；D. city城市。故选B。
（15） 考查动词及语境理解。句意：几个月后，珍妮和她的母亲开了一家花店。A. reached 到达； B. left 离开；C. closed 关闭；D. opened 开。故选D。
【点评】在做这类题的时候，希望考生一定要牢记四个步骤：第一步就是通读全文，领会大意 ，第二步就是紧扣内容，分析对比备选答案，第三步就是瞻前顾后，全文贯通, ，第四步就是复查核对，决定取舍。
22．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】广告布告类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了几个电视节目。
（1）细节理解题。根据表格中第一栏A bite of China is a documentary（纪录片）that started on CCTV on May 14th， 2012.的描述，可知我们可以在中央电视台看《舌尖上的中国》。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二栏Anyone of any age with some kinds of talent can apply for a chance against each other to win prize，可知任何有一定才能的人都能参加此节目，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格中第三栏The voice of China is a television singing competition，可知我们从《中国好声音》中可以了解到好歌手。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四栏On the show， the hosts， Adam Savage and Jamie Hynema， take a scientific look at what people say or think to see if it is true，可知应选C符合其内容。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据第五栏Mythbusters（流言终结者）is a science entertainment（科技型娱乐）TV program which began on January 10th， 2015.可知Mythbusters是最新的节目，其它节目都在2015年之前。故选D。
【点评】做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通
篇细看原文， 而常常可采取 “带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运
用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找 与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较、确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
23．【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要描述了在空气污染的环境中，如何保证人们自己的安全。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中Watch the weather report. Get a house plant that cleans the air.和Never open the windows.可知，这篇文章提到三个窍门。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据本句句意：正如你所看到的， 它会给你一个污染分析， 但我的一般规则是： 如果是超过80， 戴面罩和限制外出的时间，可知选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据短文第五行if it's below 80， go outside and enjoy the day， open all the windows to get some much-needed fresh air and exercise。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第四、五行可知，室内植物净化空气。故选A。
（5）归纳总结题。根据本文的描述可知，主要描述在空气污染的环境中中，如何保证自己的安全。故选D。
【点评】在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息，先易后难。本题主要考查的是细节题，做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，再通过略读快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。文章的主旨大意一般在句子的首尾段。
24．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的思想虽然看不见、摸不着，但是它却带来伟大的发明或发现。只有善于思考，才会有所发现和创造。遇到困难别灰心，勤用脑就会有创新。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句It is easy to say this， but do you know what great things have come from thinking 的描述，可知一些伟大的事情来源于思考。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，牛顿发现万有引力是根据他发现苹果从树上掉下来，他开始思考苹果为什么掉下来，到后来发现万有引力。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句From that time he went on thinking and thinking. And when he became a man， he improved the steam engine (蒸汽机) so much that it could easily do the work of many horses，可知瓦特的成就是改善了蒸汽机。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可知，当他看到中标内部的结构，就在想为什们不能制作一个手表呢，不久他先用鲸骨做了一个主发条，然后他做了一个木制的闹钟。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.可知，文章的大意就是：通过思考，你将学会怎样达到某个目的。故选D。
【点评】做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。
25．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了2010年4月14日，发生在玉树的一场大地震。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Tsering， our older son who is 3 years old， was still asleep in the back bedroom of the 3 bedroom apartment we were living in.的描述，可知他在睡觉。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第三行 I ran to the back bedroom and grabbed (抓住) Tsering as my wife grabbed Norbu off the floor. 可知，是作者的妻子抓起地板上的 Norbu。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段第三行There was a smaller earthquake (around 4.7) that happened around 4 am and neither my wife nor I could get back to sleep，可知在凌晨大约4点钟发生了较小的地震。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段的描述可知，地震后，人们哭喊求助、受伤的人向路上爬、因为失去亲爱的人而哭泣，人们没能休息。可知选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据本文主要讲述了2010年4月14日，发生在玉树的一场大地震。故选B。
【点评】阅读考题中细节理解题属于客观题；主旨大意题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。
26．【答案】（1）height
（2）alive
（3）protect
（4）advertisements
（5）better
【知识点】单词拼写；语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这棵树长到20英尺高了。height名词，高度。故填： height。
（2）句意：空难后没有人活着。根据提示的意思(living， not dead）和was可知为alive形容词，活着的。故填： alive。
（3）句意：她戴着太阳镜以保护眼睛不受光线干扰。根据提示的意思(keep safe from danger)故为protect 动词，保护； to protect动词不定式表目的。故填：protect。
（4）句意：报纸上每天都有太多的广告。too many+可数名词复数，advertisements名词复数，广告。故填：advertisements。
（5）句意：今天病人比昨天好多了。well形容词，健康的；本句是比较状语从句，well的比较级是better。故填：better。
【点评】考查单词填空，这种题型是融词法、句法、语义、词形于一体的综合运用语言知识的主观测试题,突出考查学生的语言运用能力。解题步骤为：第一步：确定单词。认真阅读全句，正确理解句意，确定所缺单词；第二步：确定形式。分析应填单词充当的句子成分，正确判断应填单词的词性及形式。判断所填单词应采用什么样的词形。
27．【答案】（1）singer
（2）slimmest
（3）wonderful
（4）correctly
（5）arrival
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：艾米想当歌手，为穷人歌唱。sing动词，唱歌；根据句意可知此处应该是成为一名歌手，singer名词，歌手。故填： singer。
（2）句意：基蒂是我们班最苗条的女孩。in+地点表范围，用最高级，slim形容词，苗条的；slimmest是slim的最高级。 故填： slimmest。
（3）句意：在另一个国家见到我的朋友真是太好了。wonder动词，想知道； wonderful形容词，极好的。故填：wonderful。
（4）句意：他认真听讲，能正确回答问题。correct形容词，正确的；correctly副词，正确地，修饰动词answer。故填：correctly。
（5）句意：他忘记了到达的时间，让我们等了很久。arrive 动词，到达； arrival名词，到达。of介词，后跟名词。故填：arrival。
【点评】用所给词的形式填空，做这类题，有些是固定搭配，有的是固定句式，还有的是联系上下文猜测代词所指的内容和生 词的含义，你必须知道每个词的意思，从句意和语法两方面 思考界定。还有一些是易混淆的近义词组，务必弄清楚各个词组的含义。
28．【答案】（1）stay
（2）to write
（3）to eat
（4）are preparing
（5）isn't
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：那天父亲让我一个人呆在家里。stay at home呆在家里；make sb.+动词原形。故填： stay。
（2）句意：我没有钢笔写字。to write with动词不定式作后置定语， 修饰pen。故填： to write。
（3）句意：你想要些吃的吗？to eat动词不定式作something的后置定语。故填：to eat。
（4）句意：学校艺术节即将来临，目前每个学生都在为此做准备。at present目前，与现在进行时态连用。本句话的主语为the students，each为其同位语，不影响谓语动词的使用，故谓语动词为复数，prepare动词，准备。故填：are preparing。
（5）句意：如果怀特先生今天下午不在，谁能举办晚会？if连词，引导条件状语从句， 时态遵循 “主将从现”。 Mr. White是单数，be动词为is。故填：isn't。
【点评】选词填空一直是英语考试中的难点，得分率比较低。解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据句子上下文推断出词义，结合所给单词判断出所缺单词，然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，进行适当词形变化。
29．【答案】（1）It's；to
（2）What；an
（3）because；of
（4）more；than
（5）Why；does
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】（1）原句意：在中国讲法语是很难的。句型It's +形容词+to do sth，做某事是……，故填： It's， to。
（2）句意：电脑很精彩。根据感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语! movie可数名词，电影； exciting第一个音发元音，前面的冠词为an。故填： What an。
（3）原句意：游客喜欢这个城市，因为它有历史名胜和美味的食物。because连词，因为，后跟从句；because of因为，后跟单词或短语。故填：because of。
（4）原句意：托尼有十本故事书。吉米有五本故事书。也就是说，托尼的书比吉米的多。more是many的比较级。故填：more， than。
（5）句意：那个女孩为了保持苗条吃得很少。画线部分to make herself slim在句中表目的，所以用why询问，后跟一般疑问句。故填：Why does。
【点评】句型转换综合考查学生对课本知识点的理解、记忆和灵活运用的能力,它能较好地反映出同学们对英语基本句型的熟悉和运用程度。它包括同义句转换、对划线部分提问。单数句变复数句。变一般疑问句及其肯定否定回答。主要是考查句式，要学生掌握句子类型。
30．【答案】（1）B：other→another
（2）C：rain→rainy
（3）B：talk→talk
（4）A：that→it
（5）C：passed→to pass
【知识点】改错
【解析】【分析】（1）原句意：我想要另一块蛋糕。other形容词，另外的， 后跟名词的复数； another形容词，另一的，后常跟名词的单数。故答案为B，another。
（2）原句意：北京下周有雨。rain名词，雨；rainy形容词，有雨的； be+形容词。故答案为C，rainy。
（3）原句意： 你最好不要在课上说话。had better+动词原形，最好做某事；其否定形式在had better not+动词原形。故答案为B，talk。
（4）原句意： 他发现对他来说入睡很难。句型：sb. finds it +形容词+for sb. + to do sth.对某人来说发现做某事是……. 故答案为A，it。
（5）原句意： 他是第一个穿过终点线的。the first to do sth做某事的第一个。故答案为C，to pass。
【点评】单句改错题是考查学生的识别能力、分析能力和综合运用英语知识能力。做单句改错题首先要读通句子，在此基础上，根据不同的情况，用所掌握的语法、词汇知识为标准，具体排除干扰，判断、找出错误，予以改正。
31．【答案】humans；stories；hit；children；true；Another；named；only；love；away
【知识点】单词拼写；短文填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通过狗妈妈游河喂宝宝，大猩猩照顾受伤和迷路的小猩猩和成都两只鸟父母勇救落在街道中央的小鸟这样三个故事，表明动物也同人类一样，双亲对孩子的伟大的爱，至情至理，让人深受感动。
（1）句意：你知道动物对彼此和他们孩子的爱就像我们人类吗 human名词，人类；humans是其复数形式。故答案为humans 。
（2）句意：让我告诉你一些动物父母的感人故事。story名词，故事；stories是其复数形式。故答案为stories。
（3）句意：几年前一场大雨袭击了一个小镇，河水上涨了。hit动词，袭击。Hit的过去式还是hit。故答案为hit。
（4）句意：她的四个孩子在那边。child名词，孩子；children是其复数形式。故答案为children 。
（5）句意：这个报纸上的真实故事感动了许多人。true 形容词，真实的，修饰后面的名词。故答案为true。
（6）句意：另外一个故事是关于猩猩的。another形容词，另一的，又一的，修饰后面的名词。故答案为Another。
（7）句意：一位名叫Jane Goodall的人在非洲花了4年时间与黑猩猩一起生活。named过去分词，named Jane Goodall作后置定语。故答案为named。
（8）句意：不仅人类有责任，动物也有责任。only副词，仅仅、只。故答案为only。
（9）句意：成都的两只鸟也表现出了父母的爱。love不可数名词，爱。故答案为love。
（10）句意：汽车驶过去，但勇敢的父母冲到路上，用爪子把小鸟带走了。away副词，修饰动词took； take away带走。故答案为away。
【点评】1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读要填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
32．【答案】（1）When there's too much water on the land.
（2）So that they won't fall down.
（3）By making a wall.
（4）At the sea.
（5）We can get out of its way.
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了几种危害性的自然现象，人们无法阻止自然的力量，但是可以去做些应对的事情，以求安全。
（1）根据第一段第三句A flood comes when there is too much water on the land.可知，当陆地上有太多的水时，会发生洪水。故答案为When there's too much water on the land。
（2）根据第二段最后一句We cannot stop an earthquake from coming， but we can try to make our homes strong so that they will not fall down in an earthquake.可知，我们使家更加坚固的目的是防止在地震中倒塌。故答案为So that they won't fall down。
（3）根据第一段倒数第二句We can try to stop the water by making a wall.可知，我们通过筑墙来阻拦水。故答案为By making a wall。
（4）根据短文最后一段第四、五句A hurricane（飓风）is a big storm with fast winds and strong rain. It begins at the sea and can come onto the land.可知，飓风起源于海上。故答案为At the sea。
（5）根据短文最后一段倒数第二句We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming， but we can get out of its way. 可知，我们不能阻止龙卷风或飓风来，但我们有可以摆脱它的方式。故答案为We can get out of its way.
【点评】 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
33．【答案】Dear Jim，
I am so happy to write to you! Let me introduce myself first.
I have black hair and a pair of big eyes. I am helpful， and always help my classmates with their lessons. I am crazy about basketball. I am interested in DIY， I once made a bookshelf for myself. I like spring best because spring is the best season to have a trip. I am a member of the Birdwatching Society. I hope people can take action to protect wild animals. I want to be a teacher， so I can encourage my students to love wildlife.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】本文内容要求你写一封书信，应以一般现在时态叙事为主，人称为第一人称。文章应灵活采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，注意主次分明，详略得当。语言力求准确、简洁。最后必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
【点评】对这种提纲式作文，一定要囊括所给提纲中的全部内容，但又无须拘泥于提纲，更不能逐字逐句地“翻译”。对此应发挥自己的想像力和创造力，大胆地创作扩展。
1 / 1江苏省南通启东市2016-2017学年八年级下学期英语开学考试试卷
一、单项选择
1．（2017八下·启东开学考）Jim is________ honest boy in my class. He bought me________ useful book as a birthday present.
A．a， an B．an， a C．a， a D．an， an
【答案】B
【知识点】表示数量“一”
【解析】【分析】句意：吉姆是我班上一个诚实的男孩。他给我买了一本有用的书作为生日礼物。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面；an用于以元音开头的单词前。honest第一个音发元音， 前面用冠词an； useful第一个音发辅音，前面用冠词a。故选B。
【点评】考查不定冠词用法中的a用于辅音音素前，an用于元音音素前。
2．（2017八下·启东开学考）We are not sure if it________ tomorrow. If it________， we won't climb the South Hill.
A．will snow； snows B．will snow； will snow
C．snows； snows D．snows； will snow
【答案】A
【知识点】条件状语从句；if或whether引导；时态统一
【解析】【分析】句意：我们不确定明天是否会下雪。如果下雪，我们就不去爬山。连词if有两种用法，一是引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可为需要的任意时态；二是引导条件状语从句，意思是“如果”， 时态遵循“主将从现”。故选A。
【点评】考查if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句中的时态。
3．（2017八下·启东开学考）—Laura didn't join in their dancing last night，did she
—________，because she fell off her bike and hurt her legs
A．Yes，she B．No，she didn't
C．Yes，she didn't． D．No，she did
【答案】B
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：—劳拉昨晚没参加他们的舞蹈，是吗？—是的，她没有，因为她从自行车上摔下来，伤了腿。本题是反义疑问句的答语，回答时，应根据事实来作答，前后肯定和否定要保持一致。根据句意，她没有参加，故应用否定的，故选B。
【点评】。考查一般疑问句的回答：yes+主语+谓语；no+主语+谓语+not。
4．（2017八下·启东开学考）________wonderful news report he wrote!
A．What a B．What C．How D．How a
【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意：他写了一则多么精彩的新闻报道啊！感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语! report可数名词，报道。故选A。
【点评】考查what引导的感叹句：what+a/an+（adj）+n+主语+谓语！
5．（2017八下·启东开学考）I failed in the exam. But my mother________ me to try again.
A．keeps moving B．kept encouraging
C．kept stopping D．keeps making
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我考试不及格。但我妈妈一直鼓励我再试一次。本句用一般过去时态表达，keep的过去式kept；kept encouraging一直鼓励，encourage sb. to do鼓励某人做某事，固定结构；make sb. do让某人做某事；stop, move均没有复合宾语的这种结构。所以根据句意和结构，故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配encourage sb to do sth。
6．（2017八下·启东开学考）Please tell me ________.
A．to choose which one B．which one to choose
C．which one do you choose D．you choose which one
【答案】B
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：请告诉我选择哪个。“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”可以作宾语或宾补，所以AD结构错；C为宾语从句，用了倒装语序，也错。所以选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句引导词的位置和陈述句序。
7．（2017八下·启东开学考）I couldn't complete ________the house ________your support.
A．decorating； with B．to decorate； with
C．decorating； without D．to decorate； without
【答案】C
【知识点】其他介词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：没有你的支持，我无法完成装饰这个房子。complete doing完成做某事； without介词，没有，表示条件。所以选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配complete doing，介词with和without词义辨析。
8．（2017八下·启东开学考）Shanghai is bigger than________ in Jiangsu and bigger than________ in China.
A．any city； any city B．any city； any other city
C．any other city； the other cities D．any other city； any city
【答案】B
【知识点】表示比任何其他都；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：上海比江苏的任何城市都大，比中国的其他任何城市都大。any city任何城市；上海不属于江苏可以和江苏的任何城市比较；any other city任何其他城市，上海属于中国只能和中国除上海本身以外的城市相比。所以选B。
【点评】考查any，any other和the other的辨析。
9．（2017八下·启东开学考）We found our English teacher very interesting. Its structure is________ .
A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO
【答案】B
【知识点】句子结构与成分
【解析】【分析】句意：我们发现我们的英语老师很有趣。其结构是：S(主语)+V(谓语)+ DO (宾语)+OC（补语）。 S(主语)We ；found V(谓语)；DO (宾语)our English teacher；OC（补语）very interesting.所以选B。
【点评】考查英语中的五种基本句型中的：主谓宾宾补。要熟练掌握五种基本句型。
10．（2017八下·启东开学考）There are________ visitors to the wetland park， and the number is becoming ________now.
A．thousand of； larger and larger B．thousands of； more and more
C．thousands of； larger and larger D．thousand of； more and more
【答案】C
【知识点】数字的复数形式；表示越来越
【解析】【分析】句意：有成千上万的游客到湿地公园，现在数量越来越大。固定短语 thousands of成千上万，表示约数。number数字，数量，用large修饰表示数量大，多，larger 是large的比较级。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配thousands of和比较级+and+比较级结构。
11．（2017八下·启东开学考）—________ do people ________ Yancheng Nature Reserve
—Birds Home.
A．How； say B．How； tell C．What； call D．What； talk
【答案】C
【知识点】疑问代词；特殊疑问句；动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：—人们怎么称呼盐城自然保护区？—鸟之家。say及物动词，说；tell及物动词，告诉；call及物动词，称呼、叫；talk不及物动词，说。call sb. /sth. sth.称……为……，根据结构分析，句中缺少动词的宾语，故用疑问词what，故选C。
【点评】考查特殊疑问词的选择，动词辨析，结合句意选择合适的动词。
12．（2017八下·启东开学考）He________ a teacher because he knows a lot.
A．maybe B．may be C．may not be D．may to be
【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他可能是老师，因为他懂得很多。maybe副词，可能；may be情态动词，可能是，在句中可作谓语；may not be否定意思；may to be错误结构。句中缺少谓语,maybe副词，不能作谓语，故选B。
【点评】考查单词辨析，may为情态动词，maybe为副词。
13．（2017八下·启东开学考）I like reading very much. I want to borrow________ books.
A．more four B．four more C．many four D．four another
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我很喜欢读书。我还想借四本书。数词+more+名词，表示在原来的基础上再多多少；another的结构为：another+数词+名词，所以选B。
【点评】考查another+数词；数词+more结构。
14．（2017八下·启东开学考）— Is Millie at school today
— No. She's at home________ her illness.
A．because B．because of C．as a result D．before
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：—米莉今天在学校吗？—不，她在家里因为她的病。空前后之是因果关系，because连词，因为，后跟句子；because of因为，后跟名词或短语；as a result因此，结果，副词短语，as a result of后可跟名词或名词短语表示原因；before在前。所以选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配because of。
15．（2017八下·启东开学考）— Do you think your football team will win the match
— Yes， we have better players. So I ________ them to win.
A．hope B．ask C．help D．wish
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：—你认为你的足球队会赢这场比赛吗？—是的，我们有更好的球员。所以我希望他们赢。wish sb to do sth.， 而 hope没有此用法。 故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析、固定搭配wish sb to do sth.。
16．（2017八下·启东开学考）Since you've spilt the milk， you'll have to ________.
A．mop it up B．mop up it C．mop them up D．mop up them
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：既然你把牛奶溅出来了，你必须清理干净。mop up 擦去、肃清、用拖把拖洗。milk是不可数名词，用it代替；动词+副词结构的宾语，放在短语中间。故选A。
【点评】考查固定用法在it作宾语的时候放在短语中间。
17．（2017八下·启东开学考）I hope ________ a teacher in the future.
A．become B．you to become C．to become D．became
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我希望将来成为一名教师。hope to do希望做某事。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配hope to do。
18．（2017八下·启东开学考）What makes the man so________
A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting D．excite
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：什么使这个人如此兴奋？make使役动词，make sb. +形容词，表示使某人处在……的状态中，excited修饰人的形容词，表示人的情感状态；excitedly副词，修饰动词；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰事物；excite动词，使某人兴奋。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配make sb +adj和词义辨析。
19．（2017八下·启东开学考）Would you show me your room I heard you________ a really pretty picture on the wall.
A．put up B．put off C．put out D．put in
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你能带我看看你的房间吗？我听说你在墙上贴了一幅很漂亮的画。put up张贴、挂起；put off推迟；put out扑灭；put in放入；提交。根据句意，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，结合句意和词义选择。
20．（2017八下·启东开学考）—Many people buy the coats made of animals' fur.
—________ We should take action to protect animals.
A．It doesn't matter. B．What a shame!
C．What great fun! D．With pleasure.
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：—许多人买动物毛皮制成的外套。—多么可耻！我们应该采取行动保护动物。A没关系，B多么可耻！C多有趣！D我很乐意。根据环保理念，上文应是件可耻的事。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际，要准确理解语境，熟悉英语文化方面的知识。
二、完形填空
21．（2017八下·启东开学考）完形填空。
Jennie sat at her window as usual， looking out upon the street， with a look of sadness on her face， “what a long day this is going to be!”
Then she saw a little boy running down the street， swinging his schoolbag. Looking up to the window， he took off （1） hat and bowed with a bright， pleasant smile.
“What a nice （2） ，” said Jennie to herself， as the boy ran out of sight. “It seems like having the sunshine. I wish everybody who goes by would look up （3） smile.
George， the little boy， told his mother about that （4） girl when he got back home， “she looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”
“Why not give her some （5） ”said his mother. George agreed.
The next morning， as Jennie （6） at the window again， she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers carefully picking his way across the street. He stopped in front of her window， smiling pleasantly， and said， “can I come in ” Jennie told him （7） to get into the house. Opening the door to Jennie's gentle “come in”， George said， “I've brought you some flowers.”
“Are they for me ”said Jennie （8） . “How kind you are，” she continued， as George put the flowers on her lap. I've （9） received any flower since we moved to the town.”“Did you live in the countryside ”asked George， （10） the old， small and empty room.“Yes，” said Jennie.
Jennie used to have a happy family and live in a beautiful house in the countryside. However， she lost her right leg in an accident. She （11） walk like other people any longer. Later， her father died， and her mother was sick （12） so many years that their money was all gone. They sold the house， and moved here to get work to do.
George told his parents （13） . They decided to help her. More and more people in the （14） gave Jennie friendly smiles when they passed by her house. She was greatly cheered up. A few months later， Jennie and her mother （15） a flower shop. People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop， having a lovely smile on face.
（1）A．her B．his C．your D．my
（2）A．house B．door C．smile D．schoolbag
（3）A．and B．but C．as D．or
（4）A．rich B．lucky C．bad D．poor
（5）A．money B．flowers C．clothes D．food
（6）A．danced B．cried C．sat D．laughed
（7）A．how B．who C．when D．why
（8）A．angrily B．easily C．sadly D．happily
（9）A．never B．usually C．always D．sometimes
（10）A．looking for B．looking around C．looking like D．looking after
（11）A．shouldn't B．needn't C．couldn't D．mustn't
（12）A．for B．in C．at D．on
（13）A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
（14）A．countryside B．town C．village D．city
（15）A．reached B．left C．closed D．opened
【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；人生百味类；教育类
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要描述了一个小男孩设法帮助一个小女孩的故事，最后让这个失去一条腿的女孩重新树立起了生活的信心。从而也让人们懂得了微笑的力量是多么伟大。
（1）考查物主代词和对语境的理解。句意：他抬头望向窗前，摘下帽子，带着灿烂而愉快的微笑鞠了一躬。A. her 她的；B.his他的；C. your 你的；D. my我的。联系上文he took off 可知他摘下他的帽子，故选B。
（2）考查名词和对语境的理解。句意：当男孩跑出了视线，珍妮自言自语说：“多么漂亮的笑容”。A. house房子；B. door门；C. smile 微笑； D. schoolbag 书包。联系上文and bowed with a bright， pleasant smile.及下文描述，可知珍妮是在感叹这个笑容。故选C。（3）考查连词和对语境的理解。句意：我希望每一个经过的人都会抬头微笑。A.and 和、并且； B.but 但是；C. as 当……时候；D.or或者。结合语境可知look up向上看，和smile微笑，作并列谓语。故选A。
（4）考查形容词和对语境的理解。句意：小男孩乔治回家后告诉他妈妈那个可怜的女孩，“她看起来很无助。我希望我能为她做点什么。”A. rich 富裕的；B. lucky 幸运的；C .bad 糟糕的；D. poor贫穷的、可伶的。联系下文“She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”描述，可知他认为那是个可怜的女孩，故选D。
（5） 考查名词及语境理解。句意：句意：“为什么不给她一些花呢？”母亲说。A. money 钱；B. flowers 花；C. clothes 衣服；D. food食物。联系下文she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers 描述，可知此处是提议给她一些花。故选B。
（6）考查动词和对语境的理解。句意：次日早晨，当珍妮坐 又在窗边，她看见乔治拿着一把美丽的鲜花小心翼翼地穿过街道。A. danced 跳舞；B. cried 哭；C. sat 坐；D.laughed笑。联系上文描述可知珍妮又坐在窗前。故选C。
（7）考查特殊疑问词和对语境的理解。句意：珍妮告诉他如何进入房子。A. how 怎样；B. who 谁； C. when 什么时候；D. why 为什么。故选A。
（8）考查副词和对语境的理解。句意：“它们是给我的吗？”珍妮愉快地说。A. angrily 生气地；B. easily 容易地；C. sadly 伤心地；D. happily 高兴地。联系上下文，可知珍妮很高兴。故选D。
（9）考查副词和对语境的理解。句意：自从我们搬到镇上，我就再也没有收到过花。A. never从不；B. usually 通常；C. always 总是；D. sometimes 有时。联系下文可知，自从搬到这儿来以后，她从来没有收到过任何鲜花。故选A。
（10）考查现在分词和对语境的理解。句意：“你过去住在乡下吗？”乔治问，四处看着又旧又小、空荡荡的房间。A. looking for寻找； B. looking around四处看；C. looking like 看起来像； D. looking after照顾。现在分词短语作伴随状语。故选B。
(11)考查情态动词和对语境的理解。句意：她不能像其他人一样行走。A. shouldn't 不应该；B. needn't 不需要；C. couldn't 不能；D. mustn't禁止。故选C。
（12）考查介词和对语境的理解。句意：后来，她的父亲去世了，她母亲病了这么多年，他们的钱都没有了。A. for 长达，后可跟一段时间；B. in 在……里；C. at 在；D.on 在……上面。故选A。
（13）考查不定代词和对语境的理解。句意：乔治告诉他的父母一切。他们决定帮助她。A. something 某事；B. anything 任何事；C. everything 每件事；D. nothing 没事。故选C。
（14）考查名词和对语境的理解。句意：在镇上越来越多的人给珍妮友善的微笑， 当他们路过她家的时候。A. countryside 乡下；B. town 城镇；C. village 村庄；D. city城市。故选B。
（15） 考查动词及语境理解。句意：几个月后，珍妮和她的母亲开了一家花店。A. reached 到达； B. left 离开；C. closed 关闭；D. opened 开。故选D。
【点评】在做这类题的时候，希望考生一定要牢记四个步骤：第一步就是通读全文，领会大意 ，第二步就是紧扣内容，分析对比备选答案，第三步就是瞻前顾后，全文贯通, ，第四步就是复查核对，决定取舍。
三、阅读理解
22．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
There are many different kinds of TV shows. Which do you like best
A bite of China is a documentary（纪录片）that started on CCTV on May 14th， 2012. It tells the stories behind delicious food from different places in China and shows a lot about Chinese culture.
Britain's Got Talent (英国达人秀) is a British television talent show and competition which began on ITV in June 2007. Anyone of any age with some kinds of talent （才能）can apply for（申请）a chance against each other to win prize.
The voice of China is a television singing competition. It started on July 13th ， 2012 on Zhejiang TV. It is like The voice of Holland which started in Holland in 2010.
Mythbusters（流言终结者）is a science entertainment（科技型娱乐）TV program which began on January 10th， 2015. It is one of the most popular shows on Discovery Channel. On the show， the hosts（主持人）， Adam Savage and Jamie Hynema， take a scientific look at what people say or think to see if it is true.
（1）We can watch A bite of China ____________
A．on ITV B．on CCTV
C．on Zhejiang TV D．on Discovery Channel
（2）Who can apply for a chance to perform on the Britain's Got Talent
A．Only men. B．Only women.
C．Any talented person. D．Teenagers aged 12.
（3）What can we know from The voice of China
A．Some scientific stories. B．Some best singers.
C．Stories about delicious food. D．Some talent people.
（4）What do the hosts of Mythbusters do on the show
A．They introduce delicious food.
B．They tell some jokes.
C．They use a scientific mind to see if what people say or think is true.
D．They choose the best singers.
（5）Which programme is the latest(最新的) one according to the passage
A．A bite of China B．Britain's Got Talent
C．The voice of China D．My thbusters
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】广告布告类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了几个电视节目。
（1）细节理解题。根据表格中第一栏A bite of China is a documentary（纪录片）that started on CCTV on May 14th， 2012.的描述，可知我们可以在中央电视台看《舌尖上的中国》。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二栏Anyone of any age with some kinds of talent can apply for a chance against each other to win prize，可知任何有一定才能的人都能参加此节目，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格中第三栏The voice of China is a television singing competition，可知我们从《中国好声音》中可以了解到好歌手。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四栏On the show， the hosts， Adam Savage and Jamie Hynema， take a scientific look at what people say or think to see if it is true，可知应选C符合其内容。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据第五栏Mythbusters（流言终结者）is a science entertainment（科技型娱乐）TV program which began on January 10th， 2015.可知Mythbusters是最新的节目，其它节目都在2015年之前。故选D。
【点评】做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通
篇细看原文， 而常常可采取 “带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运
用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找 与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较、确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
23．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
China's air pollution problems are more serious these days. But just try to remember that the air pollution shouldn't stop you from enjoying life in China. Here are some tips for you to keep the smog（雾霾）away.
Watch the weather report.
As you can see， it will give you an analysis of pollution， but my general rule is： if it's above 80， wear a face mask and limit（限制）time to spend outside； if it's below 80， go outside and enjoy the day， open all the windows to get some much-needed fresh air and exercise. But do not exercise outside if the pollution is high. I went running once when it was around 120， and I was ill and missed several days of work.
Get a house plant that cleans the air.
A house plant can make your home beautiful and clean the air. I have some plants and just yesterday， I bought another plant. At that time I didn't know it could clean the air. I just got it because it could make me feel better.
Never open the windows.
No matter how hot and wet it is inside， just wait until it is a nice day to air your apartment. Just stay at home and do some things you like.
（1）How many tips does the passage mention（提及）
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
（2）The underlined word “analysis” means ________ in Chinese.
A．现实 B．分析 C．例子 D． 图谱
（3）You can go outside and play football if the pollution is ________.
A．above 80 B．above 100 C．above 120 D．below 80
（4）Getting a house plant can ______ and make you feel happy.
A．clean the air B．make your house dirty
C．take you calm D．let your heart slow down
（5）What's the best title of the passage
A．Never open your windows.
B．Listen to the radio every day.
C．Buy as many as trees as you can.
D．How to keep yourself safe in the air pollution.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要描述了在空气污染的环境中，如何保证人们自己的安全。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中Watch the weather report. Get a house plant that cleans the air.和Never open the windows.可知，这篇文章提到三个窍门。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据本句句意：正如你所看到的， 它会给你一个污染分析， 但我的一般规则是： 如果是超过80， 戴面罩和限制外出的时间，可知选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据短文第五行if it's below 80， go outside and enjoy the day， open all the windows to get some much-needed fresh air and exercise。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第四、五行可知，室内植物净化空气。故选A。
（5）归纳总结题。根据本文的描述可知，主要描述在空气污染的环境中中，如何保证自己的安全。故选D。
【点评】在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息，先易后难。本题主要考查的是细节题，做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，再通过略读快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。文章的主旨大意一般在句子的首尾段。
24．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
“I will think of it.” It is easy to say this， but do you know what great things have come from thinking
Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He began to think and tried to find out why the apple fell. Then he discovered how the sun， moon， and stars are kept in their places.
A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fire， watching the lid of the kettle move up and down. He wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the lid. From that time he went on thinking and thinking. And when he became a man， he improved the steam engine (蒸汽机) so much that it could easily do the work of many horses.
James Ferguson was a poor boy. Once， seeing the inside of a watch， he wondered. “Why should I not make a watch ” But how could he get the materials to make the mainspring (钟表的主发条) He soon found he could make it with whalebone (鲸骨). He then made a wooden clock which kept good time. His motto (座右铭) was “I will think of it.” And he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world.
Boys and girls， when you have a difficult lesson to learn， don't lose heart， and don't ask someone for help before helping yourselves. Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.
（1）From the passage， we know that some great things come from _____.
A．listening B．reading C．speaking D．thinking
（2）The idea of Isaac Newton's discovery was from _____.
A．the falling of an apple B．the cleaning of a garden
C．the falling of a tree D．the moving of a lid
（3）The achievement of James Watt was that he _____.
A．kept thinking B．found the steam in the kettle
C．improved the steam engine much D．watched the lid move up and down
（4）The right order of the following sentences is _____.
① James Ferguson made a wooden clock.
② James Ferguson saw the inside of a watch.
③ James Ferguson made the mainspring with whalebone.
A．③ ② ① B．② ③ ① C．② ① ③ D．③ ① ②
（5）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Learn to ask for help.
B．A difficult lesson to learn.
C．It is easy to say “I will think of it.
D．Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的思想虽然看不见、摸不着，但是它却带来伟大的发明或发现。只有善于思考，才会有所发现和创造。遇到困难别灰心，勤用脑就会有创新。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句It is easy to say this， but do you know what great things have come from thinking 的描述，可知一些伟大的事情来源于思考。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，牛顿发现万有引力是根据他发现苹果从树上掉下来，他开始思考苹果为什么掉下来，到后来发现万有引力。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句From that time he went on thinking and thinking. And when he became a man， he improved the steam engine (蒸汽机) so much that it could easily do the work of many horses，可知瓦特的成就是改善了蒸汽机。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可知，当他看到中标内部的结构，就在想为什们不能制作一个手表呢，不久他先用鲸骨做了一个主发条，然后他做了一个木制的闹钟。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句Think， and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.可知，文章的大意就是：通过思考，你将学会怎样达到某个目的。故选D。
【点评】做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。
25．（2017八下·启东开学考）阅读理解。
On April 14th at 7：49 am， the town of Jyekundo in Kham， was struck (打击) by a 6.9 magnitude earthquake. My family and I were in our 3rd floor apartment building when the earthquake hit. There was a smaller earthquake (around 4.7) that happened around 4 am and neither my wife nor I could get back to sleep. When the big earthquake hit， my wife was using her computer while our younger son Norbu (18 months old) was playing in the living room. Tsering， our older son who is 3 years old， was still asleep in the back bedroom of the 3 bedroom apartment we were living in.
Norbu flew across the room when the earthquake hit. My wife was also thrown to the ground. Everything in our apartment began to be tossed (摇动) around， breaking when it hit the walls or floor. I ran to the back bedroom and grabbed (抓住) Tsering as my wife grabbed Norbu off the floor. Together， we ran to the door. I stopped long enough to grab my shoes， coat and a bit of money. I opened the door and one of our neighbors helped us carry Tsering down to the ground floor. I was the only one of my family who managed to get shoes.
After the earthquake， we were able to see that this was a major earthquake. We began to hear people crying for help， badly injured people crawling (爬) to the road and people weeping (哭泣) for loved ones who had died.
（1）What was Tsering doing when the big earthquake hit
A．He was using the computer.
B．He was playing in the living room.
C．He was sleeping in the back bedroom.
D．He was crying for help.
（2）What didn't the writer do in the earthquake
A．He ran to the back bedroom and grabbed Tsering.
B．He grabbed Norbu off the floor.
C．He stopped to grab his shoes， coat and a little money.
D．He went down to the ground floor.
（3）When did the smaller earthquake happen
A．At 7：49 am. B．At 6：09 am. C．At 3：00 am. D．At 4：00 am.
（4）What did NOT people do after the earthquake
A．People were able to have a rest.
B．People cried for help.
C．Injured people were crawling to the road.
D．People were weeping for dead loved ones.
（5）Which is the best title for this article
A．My Family B．A Major Earthquake
C．What to Do in an Earthquake D．My Good Neighbors
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了2010年4月14日，发生在玉树的一场大地震。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Tsering， our older son who is 3 years old， was still asleep in the back bedroom of the 3 bedroom apartment we were living in.的描述，可知他在睡觉。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第三行 I ran to the back bedroom and grabbed (抓住) Tsering as my wife grabbed Norbu off the floor. 可知，是作者的妻子抓起地板上的 Norbu。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段第三行There was a smaller earthquake (around 4.7) that happened around 4 am and neither my wife nor I could get back to sleep，可知在凌晨大约4点钟发生了较小的地震。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段的描述可知，地震后，人们哭喊求助、受伤的人向路上爬、因为失去亲爱的人而哭泣，人们没能休息。可知选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据本文主要讲述了2010年4月14日，发生在玉树的一场大地震。故选B。
【点评】阅读考题中细节理解题属于客观题；主旨大意题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。
四、单词拼写
26．（2017八下·启东开学考）根据句意及提示，完成下列句子中所缺的单词。
（1）The tree grew to a 　 　(高度) of 20 feet.
（2）No one was 　 　(living， not dead) after the air disaster.
（3）She is wearing sunglasses to 　 　(keep safe from danger) her eyes from the light.
（4）There are too many 　 　(广告) in the newspaper every day.
（5）The sick man gets b　 　 today than yesterday.
【答案】（1）height
（2）alive
（3）protect
（4）advertisements
（5）better
【知识点】单词拼写；语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这棵树长到20英尺高了。height名词，高度。故填： height。
（2）句意：空难后没有人活着。根据提示的意思(living， not dead）和was可知为alive形容词，活着的。故填： alive。
（3）句意：她戴着太阳镜以保护眼睛不受光线干扰。根据提示的意思(keep safe from danger)故为protect 动词，保护； to protect动词不定式表目的。故填：protect。
（4）句意：报纸上每天都有太多的广告。too many+可数名词复数，advertisements名词复数，广告。故填：advertisements。
（5）句意：今天病人比昨天好多了。well形容词，健康的；本句是比较状语从句，well的比较级是better。故填：better。
【点评】考查单词填空，这种题型是融词法、句法、语义、词形于一体的综合运用语言知识的主观测试题,突出考查学生的语言运用能力。解题步骤为：第一步：确定单词。认真阅读全句，正确理解句意，确定所缺单词；第二步：确定形式。分析应填单词充当的句子成分，正确判断应填单词的词性及形式。判断所填单词应采用什么样的词形。
五、选词填空
27．（2017八下·启东开学考）从方框内选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。（每词限用一次）
arrive slim sing correct wonder
（1）Amy wants to be a 　 　 and sings for the poor people.
（2）Kitty is the 　 　 girl in our class.
（3）It's 　 　 to see my friends in another country.
（4）He listens carefully and he can answer the questions 　 　.
（5）He forgot the time of 　 　， and made us wait for a long time.
【答案】（1）singer
（2）slimmest
（3）wonderful
（4）correctly
（5）arrival
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：艾米想当歌手，为穷人歌唱。sing动词，唱歌；根据句意可知此处应该是成为一名歌手，singer名词，歌手。故填： singer。
（2）句意：基蒂是我们班最苗条的女孩。in+地点表范围，用最高级，slim形容词，苗条的；slimmest是slim的最高级。 故填： slimmest。
（3）句意：在另一个国家见到我的朋友真是太好了。wonder动词，想知道； wonderful形容词，极好的。故填：wonderful。
（4）句意：他认真听讲，能正确回答问题。correct形容词，正确的；correctly副词，正确地，修饰动词answer。故填：correctly。
（5）句意：他忘记了到达的时间，让我们等了很久。arrive 动词，到达； arrival名词，到达。of介词，后跟名词。故填：arrival。
【点评】用所给词的形式填空，做这类题，有些是固定搭配，有的是固定句式，还有的是联系上下文猜测代词所指的内容和生 词的含义，你必须知道每个词的意思，从句意和语法两方面 思考界定。还有一些是易混淆的近义词组，务必弄清楚各个词组的含义。
28．（2017八下·启东开学考）从方框内选择合适的动词，并用其适当形式填空。（每词限用一次）
write eat not be prepare stay
（1）My father made me 　 　 at home by myself that day.
（2）I have no pen 　 　 with.
（3）Would you like something 　 　
（4）The school art festival is coming. The students each 　 　 for it at present.
（5）Who can hold the party if Mr. White 　 　 here this afternoon
【答案】（1）stay
（2）to write
（3）to eat
（4）are preparing
（5）isn't
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：那天父亲让我一个人呆在家里。stay at home呆在家里；make sb.+动词原形。故填： stay。
（2）句意：我没有钢笔写字。to write with动词不定式作后置定语， 修饰pen。故填： to write。
（3）句意：你想要些吃的吗？to eat动词不定式作something的后置定语。故填：to eat。
（4）句意：学校艺术节即将来临，目前每个学生都在为此做准备。at present目前，与现在进行时态连用。本句话的主语为the students，each为其同位语，不影响谓语动词的使用，故谓语动词为复数，prepare动词，准备。故填：are preparing。
（5）句意：如果怀特先生今天下午不在，谁能举办晚会？if连词，引导条件状语从句， 时态遵循 “主将从现”。 Mr. White是单数，be动词为is。故填：isn't。
【点评】选词填空一直是英语考试中的难点，得分率比较低。解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据句子上下文推断出词义，结合所给单词判断出所缺单词，然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，进行适当词形变化。
六、句型转换
29．（2017八下·启东开学考）句型转换。
（1）To speak French in China is very hard. (改为同义句)
　 　 very hard 　 　 speak French in China.
（2）The movie is very exciting.（改为感叹句）
　 　　 　 exciting movie !
（3）Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food. (改为同义句)
Visitors love this city 　 　　 　 its historical sights and delicious food.
（4）Tony has ten story books. Jimmy has five story books. (保持句意基本不变)
Tony has 　 　books 　 　 Jimmy.
（5）The girl eats little to make herself slim.（对划线部分提问）
　 　　 　the girl eat little
【答案】（1）It's；to
（2）What；an
（3）because；of
（4）more；than
（5）Why；does
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】（1）原句意：在中国讲法语是很难的。句型It's +形容词+to do sth，做某事是……，故填： It's， to。
（2）句意：电脑很精彩。根据感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语! movie可数名词，电影； exciting第一个音发元音，前面的冠词为an。故填： What an。
（3）原句意：游客喜欢这个城市，因为它有历史名胜和美味的食物。because连词，因为，后跟从句；because of因为，后跟单词或短语。故填：because of。
（4）原句意：托尼有十本故事书。吉米有五本故事书。也就是说，托尼的书比吉米的多。more是many的比较级。故填：more， than。
（5）句意：那个女孩为了保持苗条吃得很少。画线部分to make herself slim在句中表目的，所以用why询问，后跟一般疑问句。故填：Why does。
【点评】句型转换综合考查学生对课本知识点的理解、记忆和灵活运用的能力,它能较好地反映出同学们对英语基本句型的熟悉和运用程度。它包括同义句转换、对划线部分提问。单数句变复数句。变一般疑问句及其肯定否定回答。主要是考查句式，要学生掌握句子类型。
30．（2017八下·启东开学考）改错。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
【答案】（1）B：other→another
（2）C：rain→rainy
（3）B：talk→talk
（4）A：that→it
（5）C：passed→to pass
【知识点】改错
【解析】【分析】（1）原句意：我想要另一块蛋糕。other形容词，另外的， 后跟名词的复数； another形容词，另一的，后常跟名词的单数。故答案为B，another。
（2）原句意：北京下周有雨。rain名词，雨；rainy形容词，有雨的； be+形容词。故答案为C，rainy。
（3）原句意： 你最好不要在课上说话。had better+动词原形，最好做某事；其否定形式在had better not+动词原形。故答案为B，talk。
（4）原句意： 他发现对他来说入睡很难。句型：sb. finds it +形容词+for sb. + to do sth.对某人来说发现做某事是……. 故答案为A，it。
（5）原句意： 他是第一个穿过终点线的。the first to do sth做某事的第一个。故答案为C，to pass。
【点评】单句改错题是考查学生的识别能力、分析能力和综合运用英语知识能力。做单句改错题首先要读通句子，在此基础上，根据不同的情况，用所掌握的语法、词汇知识为标准，具体排除干扰，判断、找出错误，予以改正。
七、短文填空
31．（2017八下·启东开学考）首字母填空。
Do you know that animals have love for each other and their children just like us h　 　 Let me tell you some moving (令人感动的) s　 　of great animal parents.
Several years ago a heavy rain h　 　a town and made the river go up. When the rain stopped， people found that a big dog swam to an island in the river twice a day for two weeks. Why did she do so Her four c　 　 were there. The mother swam there every day to feed her babies. This t　 　 story on the newspaper moved many people.
A　 　 story is about chimpanzees（猩猩）. A scientist n　 　 Jane Goodall spent 4 years living with chimpanzees in Africa. She found that chimpanzees also cared for those that were hurt or got lost. “It is not o　 　 humans who have duties， but also animals do，” she said.
Two birds in Chengdu also showed their parents' l　 　. Their baby was hurt and fell on the street in the center of the city. Cars were driving past but the brave parents rushed down to the road and took the little bird a　 　 with their claws (爪子).
【答案】humans；stories；hit；children；true；Another；named；only；love；away
【知识点】单词拼写；短文填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通过狗妈妈游河喂宝宝，大猩猩照顾受伤和迷路的小猩猩和成都两只鸟父母勇救落在街道中央的小鸟这样三个故事，表明动物也同人类一样，双亲对孩子的伟大的爱，至情至理，让人深受感动。
（1）句意：你知道动物对彼此和他们孩子的爱就像我们人类吗 human名词，人类；humans是其复数形式。故答案为humans 。
（2）句意：让我告诉你一些动物父母的感人故事。story名词，故事；stories是其复数形式。故答案为stories。
（3）句意：几年前一场大雨袭击了一个小镇，河水上涨了。hit动词，袭击。Hit的过去式还是hit。故答案为hit。
（4）句意：她的四个孩子在那边。child名词，孩子；children是其复数形式。故答案为children 。
（5）句意：这个报纸上的真实故事感动了许多人。true 形容词，真实的，修饰后面的名词。故答案为true。
（6）句意：另外一个故事是关于猩猩的。another形容词，另一的，又一的，修饰后面的名词。故答案为Another。
（7）句意：一位名叫Jane Goodall的人在非洲花了4年时间与黑猩猩一起生活。named过去分词，named Jane Goodall作后置定语。故答案为named。
（8）句意：不仅人类有责任，动物也有责任。only副词，仅仅、只。故答案为only。
（9）句意：成都的两只鸟也表现出了父母的爱。love不可数名词，爱。故答案为love。
（10）句意：汽车驶过去，但勇敢的父母冲到路上，用爪子把小鸟带走了。away副词，修饰动词took； take away带走。故答案为away。
【点评】1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读要填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
八、任务型阅读
32．（2017八下·启东开学考）任务型阅读。
The power of nature
There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. We cannot stop the power of nature. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes， it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. Sometimes it is after a big storm at sea， when too much sea water comes onto the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and can hurt our homes. We cannot stop a flood from coming， but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall.
An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and in different directions. Then land can crack（断裂）. An earthquake can hurt us. We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can start fires. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming， but we can try to make our homes strong so that they will not fall down in an earthquake.
A tornado（龙卷风）is fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is in the way. A hurricane（飓风）is a big storm with fast winds and strong rain. It begins at the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming， but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature， but we can go to places where we can be safe.
（1）When does a flood come
（2）Why should we try to make our homes strong
（3）How can we try to stop the water
（4）Where does a hurricane begin
（5）When facing a tornado or a hurricane， what can we do
【答案】（1）When there's too much water on the land.
（2）So that they won't fall down.
（3）By making a wall.
（4）At the sea.
（5）We can get out of its way.
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了几种危害性的自然现象，人们无法阻止自然的力量，但是可以去做些应对的事情，以求安全。
（1）根据第一段第三句A flood comes when there is too much water on the land.可知，当陆地上有太多的水时，会发生洪水。故答案为When there's too much water on the land。
（2）根据第二段最后一句We cannot stop an earthquake from coming， but we can try to make our homes strong so that they will not fall down in an earthquake.可知，我们使家更加坚固的目的是防止在地震中倒塌。故答案为So that they won't fall down。
（3）根据第一段倒数第二句We can try to stop the water by making a wall.可知，我们通过筑墙来阻拦水。故答案为By making a wall。
（4）根据短文最后一段第四、五句A hurricane（飓风）is a big storm with fast winds and strong rain. It begins at the sea and can come onto the land.可知，飓风起源于海上。故答案为At the sea。
（5）根据短文最后一段倒数第二句We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming， but we can get out of its way. 可知，我们不能阻止龙卷风或飓风来，但我们有可以摆脱它的方式。故答案为We can get out of its way.
【点评】 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
九、书面表达
33．（2017八下·启东开学考）书面表达 。假如你叫李华，你想和Jim成为笔友，请你给Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍你自己。信的内容包含以下要点：
1). 黑色头发，大眼睛，乐于助人 ...... （自由发挥，至少一点）；
2). 对篮球狂热，爱好DIY ...... （自由发挥，至少一点）；
3). 最喜欢春天，认为春天是一年中最适合游玩的季节；
4). 观鸟协会的成员之一，希望人们能采取行动保护野生动物；
5). 长大后想成为...... 因为......
注意：1). 文章内容应包含上述信息，可适当发挥；
2). 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分；
3). 词数：80字左右（短文开头、结尾已给出，不计入词数）；
4). 语言规范，信息完整，结构连贯，书写工整。
Dear Jim，
I am so happy to write to you! Let me introduce myself first.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim，
I am so happy to write to you! Let me introduce myself first.
I have black hair and a pair of big eyes. I am helpful， and always help my classmates with their lessons. I am crazy about basketball. I am interested in DIY， I once made a bookshelf for myself. I like spring best because spring is the best season to have a trip. I am a member of the Birdwatching Society. I hope people can take action to protect wild animals. I want to be a teacher， so I can encourage my students to love wildlife.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】本文内容要求你写一封书信，应以一般现在时态叙事为主，人称为第一人称。文章应灵活采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，注意主次分明，详略得当。语言力求准确、简洁。最后必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
【点评】对这种提纲式作文，一定要囊括所给提纲中的全部内容，但又无须拘泥于提纲，更不能逐字逐句地“翻译”。对此应发挥自己的想像力和创造力，大胆地创作扩展。
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