2013年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）

2013年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2013·湖北）Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A．perspective B．priority C．participation D．privilege
【答案】A
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：以都市年轻人的视角写的诗歌往往反映他们因为缺乏归属感而产生的焦虑。perspective“视角，观点”；priority“优先(权)；优先考虑的事”；participation“参加，参与”；privilege“特权，优惠”。语境表示从都市年轻人这个群体的角度写的诗歌，因此选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。区分perspective、priority、participation和privilege四个名词的含义和用法。
2．（2013·湖北）Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A．difference B．comparison C．connection D．barrier
【答案】D
【知识点】名词；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在人类和太阳之间制造了屏障的二氧化碳，防止热很轻松从大气中失去，因此地球正在变暖。A.make a difference“有影响；起（重要）作用”；B.make a comparison“对比，比较”；make a connection“联系”；D.make a barrier“障碍，屏障”。根据句意，故选D项。
【点评】考查名词辨析。区分difference、comparison、connection和barrier的含义和用法，掌握四个词与动词make构成的固定短语。
3．（2013·湖北）While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute C．simplify D．survive
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：聪明的人往往可以把复杂简单化，而傻瓜则把简单复杂化。sacrifice“牺牲，舍弃，献出”；substitute“代替，替换”；simplify“简化，使简易”；survive“幸存，活下来”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。区分sacrifice、substitute、simplify以及survive四个动词的含义和用法。
4．（2013·湖北）According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
A．associate B．dispute C．negotiate D．register
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：依据法律，所有的外国人都必须在到达后两周内登记。associate“联系，（使）联合，结交”；dispute“辩论，争论”；negotiate“谈判，协商，交涉”；register“登记，注册”。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。区分associate、dispute、negotiate和register四个动词的含义和用法。
5．（2013·湖北）Butterflies ______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on C．put on D．focus on
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：蝴蝶吃由花产生的甜的液体，这种液体是由蜜蜂和其他昆虫的收集的。carry on“进行，开展，经营” ；feed on“以…为食”；put on“穿戴，上演，举办，播放”；focus on“致力于，使聚焦于，使直射于，(使)集中”。根据句意选择B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。区分carry on、feed on、put on和focus on四个动词短语的含义和用法，涉及动词与on构成的动词短语。
6．（2013·湖北） In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down C．set off D．set up
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在大部分的动物的世界里，晚上的时间用于睡眠－既单纯又简单。set aside“留作…...之用，留出…...用于”； set down“制定，（使）放下，（叫…...）下车，记下”；set off“出发，（使）开始，引起”；set up“创建，建立”。根据句意，选择A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。区分set aside、set down、set off和set up四个动词短语的含义和用法。
7．（2013·湖北）People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A．appropriate B．conscious C．arbitrary D．controversial
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：有人抱怨，批准或拒绝许可证的决定往往是任意的。appropriate“适当的，恰当的，合适的”；conscious“有意识的，神志清醒的”；arbitrary“ 随意的，任性的，随心所欲的”；controversial“有争议的，引起争议的”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。区分appropriate、conscious、arbitrary和controversial四个形容词的含义和用法。
8．（2013·湖北）He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a ______ contribution to help the community.
A．commercial B．generous C．comparable D．profitable
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他没有自私地把自己从他叔叔那里继承的那笔钱作为已有，而是向社会作出慷慨的捐献。commercial“ 商业的；贸易的；营利的”；generous“慷慨的，大方的”；comparable“比较的；比得上的”；profitable“有利可图的，有益的”。根据句意，选B。
【点评】考查形容词。区分commercial、generous、comparable和profitable四个形容词的含义和用法。
9．（2013·湖北）Don't defend him any more. It's obvious that he ______ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
A．accidentally B．carelessly C．deliberately D．clumsily
【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：别为他辩护的任何更多的，很明显，他故意破坏花园的围墙甚至没有道歉。accidentally“偶然地，意外地”；carelessly“ 无忧无虑地；粗心大意地”；deliberately“故意地，蓄意地”；clumsily“笨拙的；不灵活的”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查副词。区分accidentally、carelessly、deliberately以及clumsily的含义和用法。
10．（2013·湖北）An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random B．by chance C．in turn D．on occasion
【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：一个在南部岛上旅行的画家偶然发现了一只古希腊花瓶。at random“任意地，随便地”；by chance“偶然地，意外地”；in return“反过来，作为报答”；on occasion“有时， 间或”。根据句意选B。
【点评】考查介词短语。区分at random、by chance、in return、on occasion的含义和用法。
二、完形填空
11．（2013·湖北）完形填空
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought （1） . It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹).
This farmhouse had been （2） too long. It needed a family. Zigfried's （3） made a noise. He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a （4） from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse （5） the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried （6） when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he （7） into the room where grain was stored and was quite （8） as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he （9） a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat （10） , and without thinking he started to run and luckily （11） the cat's paws (爪子).
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a （12） family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to （13） with him. He hoped that the family would come before his granny came. Before long, a car came （14） the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came （15） the next few days. Zigfried （16） every single hour of them. （17） , the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a （18） smile at the door of his home, he heard the （19） of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas. What A cat The （20） froze on his face； his mouth fell wide open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this ”
（1）A．carefully B．excitedly C．hopefully D．proudly
（2）A．shabby B．noisy C．messy D．empty
（3）A．mouth B．nose C．stomach D．throat
（4）A．bag B．stick C．bowl D．coat
（5）A．although B．until C．whereas D．unless
（6）A．leapt B．sniffed C．trembled D．withdrew
（7）A．broke B．marched C．paced D．stole
（8）A．curious B．nervous C．pitiful D．sensible
（9）A．took B．released C．felt D．drew
（10）A．strongly B．irregularly C．slowly D．wildly
（11）A．escaped B．seized C．rubbed D．scratched
（12）A．close B．happy C．new D．young
（13）A．celebrate B．communicate C．compete D．compromise
（14）A．across B．from C．off D．up
（15）A．alive B．loose C．open D．still
（16）A．counted B．enjoyed C．missed D．wasted
（17）A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．Therefore
（18）A．bitter B．forced C．polite D．satisfied
（19）A．introduction B．discussion C．comment D．debate
（20）A．blood B．smile C．tear D．sweat
【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）A；（16）B；（17）A；（18）D；（19）B；（20）B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Zigfried的老鼠看到搬了一家新人来，圣诞过十分满意，却不知自己成了别人的圣诞礼物。
（1）考查副词。句意：还是没有人来，今天还是有希望，在圣诞节来临前，还有奇迹的发生，carefully“小心地”； excitedly“高兴地”hopefully“有希望地”；proudly“自豪地”。C合语境。
（2）考查形容词。根据下文“It needed a family“这房子需要一个家，可知，这房子空多时了。shabby“破旧的；破败的；破烂的”；noisy“ 嘈杂的；喧闹的”；messy“凌乱的，散乱的”；empty“空的，空虚的，空洞的”。选D。
（3）考查名词。根据下文”He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.“他意识到从昨天他没有吃任何东西。可知，肚子饿了，故选C。
（4）考查名词。句意：肚子饿了，他从窗台上跳了起来，从他的家抓起一个口袋，到农民迈克家去。同时下文“··· as he filled his bag with wheat.”有提示，选A。
（5）考查连词。句意：麦克的房子对这只小老鼠来说是一个好地方，直到农民农民娶了妻子，这个女人有一只猫。although“尽管；虽然”；until“到…为止，在…以前”；whereas“但是，然而”unless“除非”。故选B。
（6）考查动词。麦克的妻子养一只猫，猫是老鼠的天敌。故当Zigfried听到这就颤抖。C合语境。
（7）考查动词。句意：所以当他潜入房间时，他环顾四周，小心翼翼。 break“打破；折断”；march“前进，行军”；pace“踱步，走来走去”；steal“偷，偷偷地行动，秘密、不显明地行动”。D合语境。
（8）考查形容词。由于对猫的害怕，当Zigfried装小麦时都十分不安。curious“好奇的, 好求知的”； nervous“不安的”pitiful“令人怜悯的，使人同情的”；sensible“明智的，合乎情理的”。故选B。
（9）考查动词。它感觉到他的耳边灼热的呼吸。猫来了。故选C。
（10）考查副词。猫来了，它的心跳加速。strongly“强烈地，坚强地”； irregularly“不规则地”；slowly“缓慢地，慢吞吞地”；wildly“疯狂地，失去控制地 ”。故选D。
（11）考查动词。猫来了，来不及想跑，庆幸的是，逃出了猫的爪子。escape“逃脱”；seize“抓住”；rub“ 擦，摩擦”；scratch“ 擦，刮”。A合语境。
（12）考查形容词。第二天下午，Zigfried听到一些好消息：一个新家要搬到这个空房子了。C合语境。
（13）考查动词。Zigfried的奶奶也会在平安夜来与它一起庆祝。celebrate“庆祝；歌颂”； communicate“交流”；compete“竞赛，竞争”；compromise“妥协”。选A。
（14）考查动词短语。句意：不久，一辆车出现在公路上，come across“偶遇，偶然发现”；come from“来自某处；出生于”； come off“成功，达到效果”； come up“出现”。D合语境。
（15）考查形容词。空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力。alive“活泼的，有生气的”；loose“松的，宽的”；open“敞开的，开着的”；still“不动的，静止的”。根据句意，选A。
（16）考查动词。句意：空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力，所以它享受着这每一分钟。B合语境。
（17）考查副词。句意：但当它听一听到孩子们的讨论时，它的微笑僵在脸上了。中间表转折。故用However，选A。
（18）考查形容词。句意：当他带着满意的微笑喝着热巧克力时，故用satisfied“满意的”，选D。
（19）考查名词 。根据“what they might get for Christmas.” 他们所可能得到的圣诞礼物。是他们在谈论圣诞礼物。可推知本空B项discussion正确。introduction“介绍”；discussion“讨论”comment“评论”；debate“争论”。
（20）考查名词。上文“when he was drinking hot chocolate with a satisfied smile”有提示，可推知本空B项smile正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词、形容词、名词、动词、动词短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，难度较大，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
12．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don't want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places； maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
（1）Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.
A．observing her school routine B．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmates D．preserving her history
（2）What caused a change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary
A．A dull night on the journey.
B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.
D．Her concerns for future generations.
（3）What does the author put in her diary now
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.
B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
（4）The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.
A．to experience it
B．to live the present in the future
C．to make memories
D．to give accurate representations of it
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的爱好就是记录下自己的经历，但作者后来感受到记录经历，不如享受现在。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past ”可知选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. ”可知，这样的景色太美了。选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.”可知选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.”可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
13．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
Mothers and daughters go through so much—yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠).
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother's: both have full-time careers； both have published books, articles, and stories； each has three children； they both love to read. They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together. But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls. Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she's ever accomplished. Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s. For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together. Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork. Perri admits that she can't sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy. Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.
Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
（1）Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother's
A．They both have gone through difficult times.
B．They have strong emotional ties with each other.
C．They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.
D．They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.
（2）The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means ______.
A．something rare but not pleasant
B．something that cannot be imagined
C．something expensive but not necessary
D．something that can only be enjoyed by boys
（3）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The content of the book. B．The purpose of the book.
C．The influence of the book. D．The writing style of the book.
（4）How are women's lives explored in this book
A．In a musical form. B．Through field research.
C．With unique writing skills. D．From different points of view.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；说明文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，题材是美国作家· 希拉所罗门克拉斯(Sheila Solomon Klass)和佩里·克拉斯(Perri Klass)母女，通过类比母女的生活经历和创作内容，可知Sheila Solomon Klass和 Perri Klass以不同视角展现了女性的生活。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“both have full-time careers； both have published books, articles, and stories； each has three children； they both love to read. They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together. ”可知答案选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据本词所在的句子，在经济大萧条时代出生的孩子，教育对女孩来说就是一种可望不可及的“奢侈品。”故选C。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness,·····”可知。他们写作的内容。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.”可知她们从不同的角度来揭示女性的生活。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
We've reached a strange—some would say unusual—point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What's going on
We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. That has become a sort of fashion. No wonder it ranks as the world's most body conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food. They say: it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American style fast food.
Some also blame their parents—their genes. But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape, or rather slim.
It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say—not as I do.
（1）What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence
A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.
B．Starvation is taking more people's lives in the world.
C．WHO report shows people's unawareness of food safety.
D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO's efforts.
（2）Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight
A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.
B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.
C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.
D．There are too many overweight people in the world.
（3）The example of Finland is used to illustrate ________.
A．the cause of heart disease
B．the fashion of body shaping
C．the effectiveness of a campaign
D．the history of a body conscious country
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Actions or Excuses B．Overweight or Underweight
C．WHO in a Dilemma D．No Longer Dying of Hunger
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，肥胖现在成了一个社会问题，给人们带来很多严重危害。但人们总是用各种借口来抱怨使自己肥胖的外部因素，而不去下决心解决肥胖问题。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“…more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.” 可知更多的人死于超重而不是失重。这正是今天的好生活杀死了我们。所以A正确。
（2考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001” 作者认为人们没有理由肥胖，因为他们已经知道肥胖的危险了，可得出C正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.” 可知作者提到芬兰是想证明这个活动的有效，可知选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章前半部分描述超重的危害，后半部分描述人们明知超重危害寻找各种借口不去减肥。所以文章最好的题目应该是：“行动或借口。”选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
15．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
The technology is great. Without it we wouldn't have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean's depths or eat microwave puters have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge. But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.
Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who've come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer. The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don't have throat cancer, and it's just that their throats are swollen. Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks.
One day Mrs. Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work. While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what's wrong；I've got throat cancer. I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”
As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray. I looked at it and the blood results an hour later. Something wasn't right. “Did your local doctor do an X-ray ” I asked. “Oh, I haven't been to the doctor for years,” she replied. “I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that's what I had.”
However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn't fit with it—but she'd just ignored this.
I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly. She was lucky we caught it when we did.
Mrs. Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered. It was certainly a lesson for her. “I'm so embarrassed,” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested. She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes. Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. Typical. Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited
（1）Mrs. Almond talked about her illness calmly because ______.
A．she thought she knew it well
B．she had purchased medicine online
C．she graduated from a medical school
D．she had been treated by local doctors
（2）It was lucky for Mrs. Almond ______.
A．to have contacted many friends
B．to have recovered in a short time
C．to have her assumption confirmed
D．to have her disease identified in time
（3）Mrs. Almond said “I'm so embarrassed” (Para. 7) because ______.
A．she had distrusted her close friends
B．she had caused unnecessary trouble
C．she had to refuse the doctor's advice
D．she had to tell the truth to the doctor
（4）By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ______.
A．it's a must to take a break at work
B．it's vital to believe in IT professionals
C．it's unwise to simply rely on technology
D．it's a danger to work long hours on computers
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。所以我们不能单一的依赖网络。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I know what's wrong；I've got throat cancer. I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”可知，她对自己的病十分了解。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis”可知，答案选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis”可知，Mrs. Almond 她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核，医生为了确认病情，不得不作了一些有关喉癌的检查。所以让医生做了一些不必要的事，多忙活了一会儿。而自己深感内疚。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。所以我们推选C。根据最后一段“shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.”也可推知答案选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.
The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.
（1）According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction
A．Optimistic adults. B．Middle-aged adults.
C．Adults in poor health. D．Adults of lower income.
（2）Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______.
A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately
C．to take measures against potential risks
D．to value health more highly than wealth
（3）How do people of higher income see their future
A．They will earn less money.
B．They will become pessimistic.
C．They will suffer mental illness.
D．They will have less time to enjoy life.
（4）What is the clear conclusion of the study
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B．Good financial condition leads to good health.
C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过调查发现：随着年龄的增长，对生活的期望也就下降。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. ”可知中年人对将来的预测更准确。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions。”答案选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.”享有良好的健康和收入的人对他们的生活的预期大大的下降。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,”我们发现，从早期到成年后期，个人适应其预期的未来生活满意度从乐观，准确的说，到悲观。可知，随着年龄的增长，对生活的期望也就下降。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两种题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、完成句子
17．（2013·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例： . was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）Knowing 　 　 reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. (do)
知道你正在干什么，能降低失败的风险，这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。
（2）Not 　 　 my parents, I failed to go to a drama school, where my interest lay. (persuade)
由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学校，而那才是我的兴趣所在。
（3）The chief engineer together with his colleagues 　 　 new scientific methods of farming since five years ago. (look)
五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
（4）When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always 　 　 to a tree on the riverbank. (keep)
白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。
（5）As time is pressing, I think 　 　 is the best way to get from here to the conference centre. (take)
由于时间紧迫，我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车。
（6）So fast 　 　 that we can hardly imagine its speed. (travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
（7）Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two 　 　 me greatly. (influence)
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
（8）I don't often lose things, so I was quite surprised 　 　 my wallet and found it wasn't there. (reach)
我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。
（9）It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines 　 　 in Wuhan. (build)
据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。
（10）Most believe he 　 　 for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football. (play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
【答案】（1）what you are doing /the things(s) which/that you are doing
（2）having persuaded
（3）has been looking for /has looked for
（4）keep the/my sheep tied
（5）taking a taxi/to take a taxi.
（6）does light travel
（7）of whom influenced /of whom have influenced /of them having influenced
（8）when I reached for /the moment I reached for /at the time when I reached for
（9）are being built
（10）would /could have played
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
（1）根据句子中文意思，特别是：你正在干什么可知，要填入的部分作Knowing的宾语，故填入what you are doing或the things(s) which/that you are doing，这样Knowing what you are doing /the things(s) which/that you are doing在句中作主语，动名词作主语。
（2）根据句子中文意思，特别是：没有说服，要填入的部分在句中作原因状语，句子的主语是I，和动词persuade构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词，同时“没有说服”发生在“没能上戏剧学校”这个动作前，故用现在分词的完成式。
（3）根据句子中文意思，特别是：一直在寻找，要填入的词在句子中作谓语，这样就需要找句子的主语，本句的主语是The chief engineer，together with his colleagues这一部分表伴随，在作题时或理解记忆时，可以省略。汉语中的“一直”对应的英语时态为完成进行时。故填入has been looking for。而参考答案中的has looked for值得商榷。
（4）根据句子中文意思，特别是：总是把羊拴在，羊被拴，故填入keep the/my sheep tied 。
（5）根据句子中文意思，特别是：乘出租车。要填入的部分在句子中作think的宾语，这后面是一个宾语从句，同时要填入的部分又要在宾语从句中作主语，故用非谓语动词形式。填入taking a taxi/to take a taxi.takin a taxi表状态，而to take a taxi表动作。
（6）根据句子中文意思，特别是：光传播。由于So··· that···句型用于句首，使用部分倒装。而句子的时态为一般现在时态，后面的we can hardly imagine提示。
（7）根据句子中文意思，特别是：其中两位对我影响，本句中Through连接两个并列的句子，在后一个句子中，已有主句：I met many teachers，故填入的部分为从句或一个短语，其中两位对我影响，故可以用定语从句来表达，故填入of whom influenced 或of whom have influenced 同时也可用短语来表达：of them having influenced，这是一个独立主格结构。
（8）根据句子中文意思，特别是：当我拿钱包，这是一个时间状语从句，当......时候，故填入连词when，the moment at the time，等。同时注意句子的时态，and found it。And连接两个并列的谓语动词，故填入when I reached for /the moment I reached for /at the time when I reached for等。（9）根据句子中文意思，特别是：正在建设可知，使用进行时态，同时句子的主语是：several new subway lines，地铁线路被建设。
（10）根据句子中文意思，特别是：他本会为英格兰踢球的。事实上他没有为英格兰踢球，“为英格兰踢球”这表一种假设，是对过去的假设，故填入的部分表对过去的虚拟，用would /could have played。
【点评】本题十道题涉及考查宾语从句、定语从句、动名词、现在分词的完成式、现在完成进行时、过去分词作宾补、不定式、部分倒装、独立主格结构、时间状语从句、现在进行时的被动语态以及虚拟语气的多个知识点的考查，综合性强，区分度大。
五、书面表达
18．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；
②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
④词数为120左右。
【答案】My desk-mate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, where we learned the new word “eccentric”in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “my desk-mate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him” . Hearing this ,the whole class burst int laughter and my desk-mate's face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my desk-mate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could he powerful in both positive and negative ways . We should avoid hurting others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak.
【知识点】文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇开放式作文，给出写作的事例：We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.我们都知道，“棍棒和石头可能会打断我们的骨头。”但是我们也应该意识到，语言也能伤害人。写作要求，①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；④词数为120左右。写作时考生要弄清试题所提供的信息，明确要点，在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象，按照一定逻辑关系来写。同时使用高级词汇和连接词，使行文连贯，具有可读性。
【点评】本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：I volunteered to do it by saying “my desk-mate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him” . 使用了by saying短语； whose clothes never fit him.使用了定语从句：Hearing this ,the whole class burst int laughter and my desk-mate's face turned red.使用了现在分词短语表伴随； I learned from the teacher that my desk-mate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others. 本句中首先使用了that引导的宾语从句，同时又使用了if 引导的条件状语从句。
1 / 12013年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2013·湖北）Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A．perspective B．priority C．participation D．privilege
2．（2013·湖北）Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A．difference B．comparison C．connection D．barrier
3．（2013·湖北）While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute C．simplify D．survive
4．（2013·湖北）According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
A．associate B．dispute C．negotiate D．register
5．（2013·湖北）Butterflies ______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on C．put on D．focus on
6．（2013·湖北） In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down C．set off D．set up
7．（2013·湖北）People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A．appropriate B．conscious C．arbitrary D．controversial
8．（2013·湖北）He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a ______ contribution to help the community.
A．commercial B．generous C．comparable D．profitable
9．（2013·湖北）Don't defend him any more. It's obvious that he ______ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
A．accidentally B．carelessly C．deliberately D．clumsily
10．（2013·湖北）An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random B．by chance C．in turn D．on occasion
二、完形填空
11．（2013·湖北）完形填空
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought （1） . It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹).
This farmhouse had been （2） too long. It needed a family. Zigfried's （3） made a noise. He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a （4） from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse （5） the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried （6） when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he （7） into the room where grain was stored and was quite （8） as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he （9） a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat （10） , and without thinking he started to run and luckily （11） the cat's paws (爪子).
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a （12） family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to （13） with him. He hoped that the family would come before his granny came. Before long, a car came （14） the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came （15） the next few days. Zigfried （16） every single hour of them. （17） , the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a （18） smile at the door of his home, he heard the （19） of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas. What A cat The （20） froze on his face； his mouth fell wide open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this ”
（1）A．carefully B．excitedly C．hopefully D．proudly
（2）A．shabby B．noisy C．messy D．empty
（3）A．mouth B．nose C．stomach D．throat
（4）A．bag B．stick C．bowl D．coat
（5）A．although B．until C．whereas D．unless
（6）A．leapt B．sniffed C．trembled D．withdrew
（7）A．broke B．marched C．paced D．stole
（8）A．curious B．nervous C．pitiful D．sensible
（9）A．took B．released C．felt D．drew
（10）A．strongly B．irregularly C．slowly D．wildly
（11）A．escaped B．seized C．rubbed D．scratched
（12）A．close B．happy C．new D．young
（13）A．celebrate B．communicate C．compete D．compromise
（14）A．across B．from C．off D．up
（15）A．alive B．loose C．open D．still
（16）A．counted B．enjoyed C．missed D．wasted
（17）A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．Therefore
（18）A．bitter B．forced C．polite D．satisfied
（19）A．introduction B．discussion C．comment D．debate
（20）A．blood B．smile C．tear D．sweat
三、阅读理解
12．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don't want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places； maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
（1）Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.
A．observing her school routine B．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmates D．preserving her history
（2）What caused a change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary
A．A dull night on the journey.
B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.
D．Her concerns for future generations.
（3）What does the author put in her diary now
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.
B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
（4）The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.
A．to experience it
B．to live the present in the future
C．to make memories
D．to give accurate representations of it
13．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
Mothers and daughters go through so much—yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠).
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother's: both have full-time careers； both have published books, articles, and stories； each has three children； they both love to read. They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together. But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls. Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she's ever accomplished. Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s. For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together. Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork. Perri admits that she can't sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy. Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.
Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
（1）Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother's
A．They both have gone through difficult times.
B．They have strong emotional ties with each other.
C．They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.
D．They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.
（2）The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means ______.
A．something rare but not pleasant
B．something that cannot be imagined
C．something expensive but not necessary
D．something that can only be enjoyed by boys
（3）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The content of the book. B．The purpose of the book.
C．The influence of the book. D．The writing style of the book.
（4）How are women's lives explored in this book
A．In a musical form. B．Through field research.
C．With unique writing skills. D．From different points of view.
14．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
We've reached a strange—some would say unusual—point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What's going on
We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. That has become a sort of fashion. No wonder it ranks as the world's most body conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food. They say: it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American style fast food.
Some also blame their parents—their genes. But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape, or rather slim.
It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say—not as I do.
（1）What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence
A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.
B．Starvation is taking more people's lives in the world.
C．WHO report shows people's unawareness of food safety.
D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO's efforts.
（2）Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight
A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.
B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.
C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.
D．There are too many overweight people in the world.
（3）The example of Finland is used to illustrate ________.
A．the cause of heart disease
B．the fashion of body shaping
C．the effectiveness of a campaign
D．the history of a body conscious country
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Actions or Excuses B．Overweight or Underweight
C．WHO in a Dilemma D．No Longer Dying of Hunger
15．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
The technology is great. Without it we wouldn't have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean's depths or eat microwave puters have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge. But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.
Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who've come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer. The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don't have throat cancer, and it's just that their throats are swollen. Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks.
One day Mrs. Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work. While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what's wrong；I've got throat cancer. I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”
As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray. I looked at it and the blood results an hour later. Something wasn't right. “Did your local doctor do an X-ray ” I asked. “Oh, I haven't been to the doctor for years,” she replied. “I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that's what I had.”
However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn't fit with it—but she'd just ignored this.
I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly. She was lucky we caught it when we did.
Mrs. Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered. It was certainly a lesson for her. “I'm so embarrassed,” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested. She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes. Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. Typical. Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited
（1）Mrs. Almond talked about her illness calmly because ______.
A．she thought she knew it well
B．she had purchased medicine online
C．she graduated from a medical school
D．she had been treated by local doctors
（2）It was lucky for Mrs. Almond ______.
A．to have contacted many friends
B．to have recovered in a short time
C．to have her assumption confirmed
D．to have her disease identified in time
（3）Mrs. Almond said “I'm so embarrassed” (Para. 7) because ______.
A．she had distrusted her close friends
B．she had caused unnecessary trouble
C．she had to refuse the doctor's advice
D．she had to tell the truth to the doctor
（4）By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ______.
A．it's a must to take a break at work
B．it's vital to believe in IT professionals
C．it's unwise to simply rely on technology
D．it's a danger to work long hours on computers
16．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.
The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.
（1）According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction
A．Optimistic adults. B．Middle-aged adults.
C．Adults in poor health. D．Adults of lower income.
（2）Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______.
A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately
C．to take measures against potential risks
D．to value health more highly than wealth
（3）How do people of higher income see their future
A．They will earn less money.
B．They will become pessimistic.
C．They will suffer mental illness.
D．They will have less time to enjoy life.
（4）What is the clear conclusion of the study
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B．Good financial condition leads to good health.
C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
四、完成句子
17．（2013·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例： . was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）Knowing 　 　 reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. (do)
知道你正在干什么，能降低失败的风险，这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。
（2）Not 　 　 my parents, I failed to go to a drama school, where my interest lay. (persuade)
由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学校，而那才是我的兴趣所在。
（3）The chief engineer together with his colleagues 　 　 new scientific methods of farming since five years ago. (look)
五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
（4）When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always 　 　 to a tree on the riverbank. (keep)
白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。
（5）As time is pressing, I think 　 　 is the best way to get from here to the conference centre. (take)
由于时间紧迫，我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车。
（6）So fast 　 　 that we can hardly imagine its speed. (travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
（7）Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two 　 　 me greatly. (influence)
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
（8）I don't often lose things, so I was quite surprised 　 　 my wallet and found it wasn't there. (reach)
我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。
（9）It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines 　 　 in Wuhan. (build)
据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。
（10）Most believe he 　 　 for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football. (play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
五、书面表达
18．（2013·湖北）阅读理解
请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；
②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
④词数为120左右。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：以都市年轻人的视角写的诗歌往往反映他们因为缺乏归属感而产生的焦虑。perspective“视角，观点”；priority“优先(权)；优先考虑的事”；participation“参加，参与”；privilege“特权，优惠”。语境表示从都市年轻人这个群体的角度写的诗歌，因此选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。区分perspective、priority、participation和privilege四个名词的含义和用法。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】名词；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在人类和太阳之间制造了屏障的二氧化碳，防止热很轻松从大气中失去，因此地球正在变暖。A.make a difference“有影响；起（重要）作用”；B.make a comparison“对比，比较”；make a connection“联系”；D.make a barrier“障碍，屏障”。根据句意，故选D项。
【点评】考查名词辨析。区分difference、comparison、connection和barrier的含义和用法，掌握四个词与动词make构成的固定短语。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：聪明的人往往可以把复杂简单化，而傻瓜则把简单复杂化。sacrifice“牺牲，舍弃，献出”；substitute“代替，替换”；simplify“简化，使简易”；survive“幸存，活下来”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。区分sacrifice、substitute、simplify以及survive四个动词的含义和用法。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：依据法律，所有的外国人都必须在到达后两周内登记。associate“联系，（使）联合，结交”；dispute“辩论，争论”；negotiate“谈判，协商，交涉”；register“登记，注册”。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。区分associate、dispute、negotiate和register四个动词的含义和用法。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：蝴蝶吃由花产生的甜的液体，这种液体是由蜜蜂和其他昆虫的收集的。carry on“进行，开展，经营” ；feed on“以…为食”；put on“穿戴，上演，举办，播放”；focus on“致力于，使聚焦于，使直射于，(使)集中”。根据句意选择B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。区分carry on、feed on、put on和focus on四个动词短语的含义和用法，涉及动词与on构成的动词短语。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在大部分的动物的世界里，晚上的时间用于睡眠－既单纯又简单。set aside“留作…...之用，留出…...用于”； set down“制定，（使）放下，（叫…...）下车，记下”；set off“出发，（使）开始，引起”；set up“创建，建立”。根据句意，选择A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。区分set aside、set down、set off和set up四个动词短语的含义和用法。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：有人抱怨，批准或拒绝许可证的决定往往是任意的。appropriate“适当的，恰当的，合适的”；conscious“有意识的，神志清醒的”；arbitrary“ 随意的，任性的，随心所欲的”；controversial“有争议的，引起争议的”。根据句意，选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。区分appropriate、conscious、arbitrary和controversial四个形容词的含义和用法。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他没有自私地把自己从他叔叔那里继承的那笔钱作为已有，而是向社会作出慷慨的捐献。commercial“ 商业的；贸易的；营利的”；generous“慷慨的，大方的”；comparable“比较的；比得上的”；profitable“有利可图的，有益的”。根据句意，选B。
【点评】考查形容词。区分commercial、generous、comparable和profitable四个形容词的含义和用法。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：别为他辩护的任何更多的，很明显，他故意破坏花园的围墙甚至没有道歉。accidentally“偶然地，意外地”；carelessly“ 无忧无虑地；粗心大意地”；deliberately“故意地，蓄意地”；clumsily“笨拙的；不灵活的”。根据句意选C。
【点评】考查副词。区分accidentally、carelessly、deliberately以及clumsily的含义和用法。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：一个在南部岛上旅行的画家偶然发现了一只古希腊花瓶。at random“任意地，随便地”；by chance“偶然地，意外地”；in return“反过来，作为报答”；on occasion“有时， 间或”。根据句意选B。
【点评】考查介词短语。区分at random、by chance、in return、on occasion的含义和用法。
11．【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）A；（16）B；（17）A；（18）D；（19）B；（20）B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Zigfried的老鼠看到搬了一家新人来，圣诞过十分满意，却不知自己成了别人的圣诞礼物。
（1）考查副词。句意：还是没有人来，今天还是有希望，在圣诞节来临前，还有奇迹的发生，carefully“小心地”； excitedly“高兴地”hopefully“有希望地”；proudly“自豪地”。C合语境。
（2）考查形容词。根据下文“It needed a family“这房子需要一个家，可知，这房子空多时了。shabby“破旧的；破败的；破烂的”；noisy“ 嘈杂的；喧闹的”；messy“凌乱的，散乱的”；empty“空的，空虚的，空洞的”。选D。
（3）考查名词。根据下文”He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.“他意识到从昨天他没有吃任何东西。可知，肚子饿了，故选C。
（4）考查名词。句意：肚子饿了，他从窗台上跳了起来，从他的家抓起一个口袋，到农民迈克家去。同时下文“··· as he filled his bag with wheat.”有提示，选A。
（5）考查连词。句意：麦克的房子对这只小老鼠来说是一个好地方，直到农民农民娶了妻子，这个女人有一只猫。although“尽管；虽然”；until“到…为止，在…以前”；whereas“但是，然而”unless“除非”。故选B。
（6）考查动词。麦克的妻子养一只猫，猫是老鼠的天敌。故当Zigfried听到这就颤抖。C合语境。
（7）考查动词。句意：所以当他潜入房间时，他环顾四周，小心翼翼。 break“打破；折断”；march“前进，行军”；pace“踱步，走来走去”；steal“偷，偷偷地行动，秘密、不显明地行动”。D合语境。
（8）考查形容词。由于对猫的害怕，当Zigfried装小麦时都十分不安。curious“好奇的, 好求知的”； nervous“不安的”pitiful“令人怜悯的，使人同情的”；sensible“明智的，合乎情理的”。故选B。
（9）考查动词。它感觉到他的耳边灼热的呼吸。猫来了。故选C。
（10）考查副词。猫来了，它的心跳加速。strongly“强烈地，坚强地”； irregularly“不规则地”；slowly“缓慢地，慢吞吞地”；wildly“疯狂地，失去控制地 ”。故选D。
（11）考查动词。猫来了，来不及想跑，庆幸的是，逃出了猫的爪子。escape“逃脱”；seize“抓住”；rub“ 擦，摩擦”；scratch“ 擦，刮”。A合语境。
（12）考查形容词。第二天下午，Zigfried听到一些好消息：一个新家要搬到这个空房子了。C合语境。
（13）考查动词。Zigfried的奶奶也会在平安夜来与它一起庆祝。celebrate“庆祝；歌颂”； communicate“交流”；compete“竞赛，竞争”；compromise“妥协”。选A。
（14）考查动词短语。句意：不久，一辆车出现在公路上，come across“偶遇，偶然发现”；come from“来自某处；出生于”； come off“成功，达到效果”； come up“出现”。D合语境。
（15）考查形容词。空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力。alive“活泼的，有生气的”；loose“松的，宽的”；open“敞开的，开着的”；still“不动的，静止的”。根据句意，选A。
（16）考查动词。句意：空房子搬了人家，故又恢复了活力，所以它享受着这每一分钟。B合语境。
（17）考查副词。句意：但当它听一听到孩子们的讨论时，它的微笑僵在脸上了。中间表转折。故用However，选A。
（18）考查形容词。句意：当他带着满意的微笑喝着热巧克力时，故用satisfied“满意的”，选D。
（19）考查名词 。根据“what they might get for Christmas.” 他们所可能得到的圣诞礼物。是他们在谈论圣诞礼物。可推知本空B项discussion正确。introduction“介绍”；discussion“讨论”comment“评论”；debate“争论”。
（20）考查名词。上文“when he was drinking hot chocolate with a satisfied smile”有提示，可推知本空B项smile正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词、形容词、名词、动词、动词短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，难度较大，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
12．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的爱好就是记录下自己的经历，但作者后来感受到记录经历，不如享受现在。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past ”可知选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. ”可知，这样的景色太美了。选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.”可知选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.”可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
13．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；说明文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，题材是美国作家· 希拉所罗门克拉斯(Sheila Solomon Klass)和佩里·克拉斯(Perri Klass)母女，通过类比母女的生活经历和创作内容，可知Sheila Solomon Klass和 Perri Klass以不同视角展现了女性的生活。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“both have full-time careers； both have published books, articles, and stories； each has three children； they both love to read. They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together. ”可知答案选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据本词所在的句子，在经济大萧条时代出生的孩子，教育对女孩来说就是一种可望不可及的“奢侈品。”故选C。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness,·····”可知。他们写作的内容。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.”可知她们从不同的角度来揭示女性的生活。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，肥胖现在成了一个社会问题，给人们带来很多严重危害。但人们总是用各种借口来抱怨使自己肥胖的外部因素，而不去下决心解决肥胖问题。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“…more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.” 可知更多的人死于超重而不是失重。这正是今天的好生活杀死了我们。所以A正确。
（2考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001” 作者认为人们没有理由肥胖，因为他们已经知道肥胖的危险了，可得出C正确。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.” 可知作者提到芬兰是想证明这个活动的有效，可知选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章前半部分描述超重的危害，后半部分描述人们明知超重危害寻找各种借口不去减肥。所以文章最好的题目应该是：“行动或借口。”选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
15．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。所以我们不能单一的依赖网络。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I know what's wrong；I've got throat cancer. I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”可知，她对自己的病十分了解。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis”可知，答案选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis”可知，Mrs. Almond 她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核，医生为了确认病情，不得不作了一些有关喉癌的检查。所以让医生做了一些不必要的事，多忙活了一会儿。而自己深感内疚。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。所以我们推选C。根据最后一段“shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.”也可推知答案选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过调查发现：随着年龄的增长，对生活的期望也就下降。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. ”可知中年人对将来的预测更准确。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions。”答案选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.”享有良好的健康和收入的人对他们的生活的预期大大的下降。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,”我们发现，从早期到成年后期，个人适应其预期的未来生活满意度从乐观，准确的说，到悲观。可知，随着年龄的增长，对生活的期望也就下降。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两种题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）what you are doing /the things(s) which/that you are doing
（2）having persuaded
（3）has been looking for /has looked for
（4）keep the/my sheep tied
（5）taking a taxi/to take a taxi.
（6）does light travel
（7）of whom influenced /of whom have influenced /of them having influenced
（8）when I reached for /the moment I reached for /at the time when I reached for
（9）are being built
（10）would /could have played
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
（1）根据句子中文意思，特别是：你正在干什么可知，要填入的部分作Knowing的宾语，故填入what you are doing或the things(s) which/that you are doing，这样Knowing what you are doing /the things(s) which/that you are doing在句中作主语，动名词作主语。
（2）根据句子中文意思，特别是：没有说服，要填入的部分在句中作原因状语，句子的主语是I，和动词persuade构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词，同时“没有说服”发生在“没能上戏剧学校”这个动作前，故用现在分词的完成式。
（3）根据句子中文意思，特别是：一直在寻找，要填入的词在句子中作谓语，这样就需要找句子的主语，本句的主语是The chief engineer，together with his colleagues这一部分表伴随，在作题时或理解记忆时，可以省略。汉语中的“一直”对应的英语时态为完成进行时。故填入has been looking for。而参考答案中的has looked for值得商榷。
（4）根据句子中文意思，特别是：总是把羊拴在，羊被拴，故填入keep the/my sheep tied 。
（5）根据句子中文意思，特别是：乘出租车。要填入的部分在句子中作think的宾语，这后面是一个宾语从句，同时要填入的部分又要在宾语从句中作主语，故用非谓语动词形式。填入taking a taxi/to take a taxi.takin a taxi表状态，而to take a taxi表动作。
（6）根据句子中文意思，特别是：光传播。由于So··· that···句型用于句首，使用部分倒装。而句子的时态为一般现在时态，后面的we can hardly imagine提示。
（7）根据句子中文意思，特别是：其中两位对我影响，本句中Through连接两个并列的句子，在后一个句子中，已有主句：I met many teachers，故填入的部分为从句或一个短语，其中两位对我影响，故可以用定语从句来表达，故填入of whom influenced 或of whom have influenced 同时也可用短语来表达：of them having influenced，这是一个独立主格结构。
（8）根据句子中文意思，特别是：当我拿钱包，这是一个时间状语从句，当......时候，故填入连词when，the moment at the time，等。同时注意句子的时态，and found it。And连接两个并列的谓语动词，故填入when I reached for /the moment I reached for /at the time when I reached for等。（9）根据句子中文意思，特别是：正在建设可知，使用进行时态，同时句子的主语是：several new subway lines，地铁线路被建设。
（10）根据句子中文意思，特别是：他本会为英格兰踢球的。事实上他没有为英格兰踢球，“为英格兰踢球”这表一种假设，是对过去的假设，故填入的部分表对过去的虚拟，用would /could have played。
【点评】本题十道题涉及考查宾语从句、定语从句、动名词、现在分词的完成式、现在完成进行时、过去分词作宾补、不定式、部分倒装、独立主格结构、时间状语从句、现在进行时的被动语态以及虚拟语气的多个知识点的考查，综合性强，区分度大。
18．【答案】My desk-mate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, where we learned the new word “eccentric”in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “my desk-mate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him” . Hearing this ,the whole class burst int laughter and my desk-mate's face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my desk-mate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could he powerful in both positive and negative ways . We should avoid hurting others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak.
【知识点】文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇开放式作文，给出写作的事例：We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.我们都知道，“棍棒和石头可能会打断我们的骨头。”但是我们也应该意识到，语言也能伤害人。写作要求，①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；④词数为120左右。写作时考生要弄清试题所提供的信息，明确要点，在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象，按照一定逻辑关系来写。同时使用高级词汇和连接词，使行文连贯，具有可读性。
【点评】本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：I volunteered to do it by saying “my desk-mate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him” . 使用了by saying短语； whose clothes never fit him.使用了定语从句：Hearing this ,the whole class burst int laughter and my desk-mate's face turned red.使用了现在分词短语表伴随； I learned from the teacher that my desk-mate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others. 本句中首先使用了that引导的宾语从句，同时又使用了if 引导的条件状语从句。
1 / 1