2015年高考英语真题试卷（重庆卷）

2015年高考英语真题试卷（重庆卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·重庆）—Is Peter coming
—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
A．changes B．changed C．was changing D．had changed
2．（2015·重庆）The meeting will be held in September, but ____ knows the date for sure.
A．everybody B．nobody C．anybody D．somebody
3．（2015·重庆）I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.
A．the; / B． a; / C． the; a D．a; the
4．（2015·重庆）If you miss this chance, it may be years ____ you get another one.
A．as B．before C．since D．after
5．（2015·重庆）—I can drive you home.
—____ , but are you sure it's not too much trouble
A． That would be great B．Don't bother
C． I'm afraid not D． Take care
6．（2015·重庆）____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A．Being raised B．Raising C．Raised D．To raise
7．（2015·重庆）Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A．didn't write B．hadn't written
C．wouldn't write D．wouldn't have written
8．（2015·重庆）We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him
A．when B．how C．where D．why
9．（2015·重庆）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A．while B．though C．that D．after
10．（2015·重庆）Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ____ the average.
A．below B．on C．at D．above
11．（2015·重庆）Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _______the sun and the stars.
A．used B．having used C．using D．use
12．（2015·重庆）You ____ be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
13．（2015·重庆）In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ____ cut.
A．will have been B．will be C．was D．has been
14．（2015·重庆）He wrote many children' s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A．whom B．which C．them D．that
15．（2015·重庆）—Hello Jenny, can I see Ms. Lewis
—____. I'll tell you're here.
A．With pleasure B．Never mind
C．You're welcome D．Just a minute
二、完形填空
16．（2015·重庆）完形填空
When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was （1） to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didn‘t （2） . I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.
One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in view. I was surprised to see Alice was （3） .
“I hope I did the right thing, Mom,”“Alice said. I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I （4） it to the vet's(宠物医院), and was asked to make payment （5） . As I couldn't reach anyone at the phone number on the cat's tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.”
In the following days, the owner still couldn't be （6） . Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew （7） : what if the family had simply left the cat behind
A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.
“She is at school,” I said.
“You have a （8） daughter,” she said, apparently in tears.
Her family had just returned from abroad, and got a (n) （9） from the vet. Their cat was recovering, thanks to Alice's （10） . “We can't wait to hug Cuddles again,” she sobbed.
Upon her return home, Alice was filled with （11） at the news. So was I. I learned through another woman's eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her （12） teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction.
（1）A．pleasant B．painful C．unwise D．inspiring
（2）A．remain B．match C．appear D．work
（3）A．annoyed B．amused C．worried D．interested
（4）A．carried B．followed C．returned D．guided
（5）A．monthly B．honestly C．generously D．immediately
（6）A．trusted B．contacted C．persuaded D．satisfied
（7）A．active B．rude C．anxious D．proud
（8）A．pretty B．grateful C．wonderful D．curious
（9）A．apology B．invitation C．message D．reply
（10）A．suggestion B．donation C．encouragement D．help
（11）A．love B．anger C．regret D．joy
（12）A．troubled B．long C．boring D．quiet
17．（2015·重庆）完形填空
Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the （1） , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are （2） jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditionally fought this （3） with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as （4） .
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start （5） your biological block to the destination's time. If it's daytime in your destination, try to stay （6） . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it's nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, （7） an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new （8） of sleep and wakefulness.
（1）A．flight B．change C．demand D．climate
（2）A．suffering from B．working on C．looking into D．leading to
（3）A．danger B．problem C．waste D．fear
（4）A．briefly B．slowly C．suddenly D．effectively
（5）A．checking B．sending C．adjusting D．stopping
（6）A．awake B．alone C．hungry D．calm
（7）A．though B．so C．whole D．or
（8）A．understanding B．cycle C．research D．trend
三、阅读理解
18．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
At thirteen, I was diagnosed with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When people else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.
In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hard right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, "you are no different from your classmates, young man.”
I tried, but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.
In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education. But Louis didn't give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）,which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.
Wasn't I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up
I didn't expect anything when I handled in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day-with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: "See what you can do when you keep trying ”
（1）The author didn't finish the reading in class because_______.
A．He was new to the class B．He was tired of literature
C．He had an attention disorder D．He wanted to take the task home
（2）What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage
A．He had good sight. B．He made a great invention.
C．He gave up reading. D．He learned a lot from school.
（3）What was Mrs.Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story
A．Angry. B．Impatient. C．Sympathetic. D．Encouraging.
（4）What is the main idea of the passage
A．The disabled should be treated with respect.
B．A teacher can open up a new world to students.
C．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.
D．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.
19．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
LakeLander ·2 hours ago
Today, a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading, making many passengers upset. I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaperoutloudonthetrain, Ihave never had the courage to do it, though.
Pak50 ··· ·57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try Perhaps you should take lessons on a
musical instrument. The late musician Dennis Brian is said to have
asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio. When his
request was refused, he took out his French horn(号) and started to practice.
Angie O'Edema·42 minutes ago
I don't see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public. Don't do to others what you wouldn't like to be done to yourself. Once, a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone. I left my seat quietly, giving him some privacy to finish his conversation. He realized this and apologised to me. When his phone rang again later, he left his seat to answer it. You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas ·29 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well. The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.
Sophie 76 ·13minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train, but ,several years ago, I read some chapters from Harry Porter to my bored and noisy children. Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
（1）The passenger made an apology to Angie O'Edema because____.
A．he offered his seat to someone else
B．he spoke very loudly on his phone
C．he refused to talk with Angie
D．he ignored Angie's request
（2）Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train
A．Pak50 B．Angie O'Edema C．Taodas D．Sophie76
（3）What is the discussion mainly about
A．How to react to bad behavior. B．How to kill time on a train.
C．How to chat with strangers. D．How to make a phone call.
（4）Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A webpage. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A report.
20．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
There are many places to go on safari（观赏野生动物）in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face. It is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. With golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink____though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback Safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
（1）What does the underlined word "They" refer to
A．Flooded waters B．Wildlife journey
C．Safari camps D．Unique rides
（2）What does the author find most exciting about a horse safari
A．Seeing and feeling the real African life.
B．Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
C．Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.
D．Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
（3）What does the underlined word "sedate" probably mean
A．Wild and romantic B．Slow and peaceful
C．Hurry and thirsty D．Active and excited
（4）The author introduced the riding experience in the OKavango Delta mainly by________.
A．Following space order B．Following time order
C．Making classifications D．Giving examples
21．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism
A．It introduces different cultural values.
B．It explains the history of artistic works.
C．It relates artistic values to local conditions.
D．It excites the human mind throughout the world.
（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ .
A．great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B．history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C．popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D．great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ .
A．they are results of scientific study
B．they establish some general principles of art
C．they are created by the world's greatest artists
D．they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage
A．Are Artistic Values Universal B．Are Popular Arts Permanent
C．Is Human Nature Uniform D．Is Cultural Relativism Scientific
四、书面表达
22．（2015·重庆）写作一：请就以下话题，按要求用英文写作。
If you could give your younger self one piece of advice, what would you say
要求：（1）作出回答并说出理由；（2）词数不少于60。
23．（2015·重庆）写作二： 是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式：一是自由分享（wild release），即把书放在指定地点，由其他参与者自由获取；二是定向分享（controlled release），即直接传递给另一位参与者。假设你是李华，请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括：表明写信目的；选择一种分享方式；简述作出该选择的理由；希望了解更多信息
注意：（1）词数不少于80； （2）书信格式及开头已给出（不计入总词数）
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】 【分析】句意：彼得来了吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute在最后一秒，可能发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
【点评】动词的时态一直是热点，需要根据时间状语来进行确定，但本题要根据当时的语境来进行再次确认，才得到答案。首先看到第一句话Is Peter coming来了吗？可知彼得还没有来，而下问话at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般过去时的用法中的，第一条：一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）
2．【答案】B
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】 【分析】句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B项
【点评】这道题考查不定代词，题目难度不大，不定代词的运用要根据题目中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。somebody一般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody用于肯定句；nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】定冠词
【解析】 【分析】句意：我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a；
【点评】冠词的运用要把握a一般表示泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一”。the表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。定冠词的用法口诀，特指双熟悉，上文已提及：世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器要牢记对于做题非常有帮助。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】As 因为了 before之前；since由于；after之后； 句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年的时间才会再有。It be 时间段 before ..表示要多么才会，故选B项。
【点评】此题考查时间状语从句的用法。before是在时间状语从句中考查较多的一词。常见于句型It will be/was+一段时间+before 意为要过多久才；It will not/was not+一段时间+before一位过不了多久就。故此题选B。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】 【分析】句意：我载你回家。太好了，但你确定没给添麻吗？根据are you sure it's not too much trouble？可知表示同意，故选A项。
【点评】情景交际顾名思义就要根据情景来进行作答，所以语境的判断是十分重要的，根据are you sure it's not too much trouble可知表示同意，故可以很顺利找到答案。注意此类题三个步骤，一 仔细审题，明确大意；二，分析圣诞，试填答案；三全题复读，融会贯通。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】 【分析】句意：他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大，要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走，根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he，他在这个地方被抚养，两者之间是被动关系，故选C项。
【点评】本题在考查非谓语动词，题目难度中等，从选项看，不定式：表示目的和将来；动词ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成，从句子结构判断，两个句子是否共用一个主语，主语与第一个动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系，再者还要注意判断时间关系，从而得出答案来。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。
【点评】此题考查without的含蓄虚拟，答好此题需充分理解含蓄虚拟语气。此题without引导的状语可将其改成由if所引导的虚拟语气，为If it had not been for his wartime experiences,这样就轻而易举看出从句是对过去情况的虚拟，那么主句对过去情况的虚拟为would have done。此题答案就不难选出了。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意这是when引导的宾语从句。
【点评】宾语从句连接词的考查，宾语从句一共分为三类，一由that引导的宾语从句；二是由连接代词who,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导宾语从句，这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类，再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个，是否符合当时的语境。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until 连用。It be not until that...故选C项。
【点评】由not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装。从句语序不变。如：Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown
直到1998年他才回到家乡注意：当not until 引导状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，主句的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为：
It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown
10．【答案】D
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】 【分析】句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度，With的宾语global temperature ,宾语补足 above the average。
【点评】with的复合结构中，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词，副词,介词短语,动词不定式或分词充当.而本题考查with一名词代词―介词短语而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句的the warmest year on record起重要作用，可知高出平均气温。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：像古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。bird和use间为主动关系，且和谓语动词find动作几乎同时发生，故用Using做状语。选C。
【点评】此题考查非谓语动词中现在分词做状语的用法。分词作状语首先判断分词和主语之间的关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词，再判断分词和谓语动词间的先后顺序关系，分词动作发生在谓语动词前，用完成形式；分词动作和谓语动作同时发生，用一般式。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。 must表示对现在的肯定推测。故选A。
【点评】 此题考查情态动词。答好此题需区别must，can,will,shall的用法，在情态动词中，只有must表示肯定推测 can表示可能 ，will表示意愿，shall表示应该。故选D。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时；时间状语从句
【解析】 【分析】句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。
【点评】现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：
①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示段时间时间状语。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。
【点评】此题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。答好此题首先要找准定语从句的先行词，再判断定语从句中所缺成分，最后选用合适的关系词。此处先行词为books,从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。
15．【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：你好，简妮，我能找一下路易斯女士吗？请稍等，我给你叫她。根据语境可知这是在打电话，故选D项。
【点评】对于情景交际类题目，首先要确定语境是在讲什么，再来进行判断。本题中提到I'll tell you're here可知是在打电话，再做出选择；With pleasure用在别人请求你帮忙的时候，表示“这是我的荣幸，（我很乐意去做）”—Could help me(to)look after my baby —With Pleasure.
16．【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；（11）D；（12）A
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼，通过女儿救助小猫的事看到虽然会有一些问题但女儿还是很好的。
（1）考查形容词辨析Apleasant B painful C unwise D inspiring 根据第一句话提到wanted to ran away form home可知看到女儿即将到来的变化是十分痛苦的，故选B项。
（2）考查动词辨析 A remain保持； B match匹配； C appear 出现；D work 工作；根据句意可知我一直很强硬但没有作用可知选D项。
（3）考查形容词辨析。A annoyed 恼怒的；B amused娱乐的； C worried 担心的；D interested 有兴趣的；根据下文提到I hope I did the right thing Mom可知是脸上写满了担心，故选C项。
（4）考查动词辨析。A carried携带； B followed 跟着；C returned返回； D guided指导；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知carry sb to some place带某人去某处，故选选A项。
（5）考查副词辨析。A monthly 按月；B honestly诚实地； C generously慷慨地； D immediately 立即；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知选D项。
（6）考查动词辨析。A trusted信任； B contacted联系； C persuaded 说服D satisfied 满意；句意：接下来的几天，主人仍然没有联系上。Be contracted 被联系上，故选B项。
（7）考查形容词辨析。A active 积极的话 B rude粗鲁的； C anxious焦虑的； D proud骄傲的；根据Alice paid the vet to continue treatment 继续支付治疗费用可知我变得焦虑起来，故选C项。
（8）考查形容词辨析。A pretty漂亮的话； B grateful感激的； C wonderful 好的；D curious 好奇的；根据女儿所做的这些善良的举动可知你有个好女儿，故选C项。
（9）考查名词辨析。A apology道歉； B invitation 邀请赛 C message 信息；D reply回应；句意：他的家人刚从国外回来，得到宠物医院给的消息，可知选C项。
（10）考查名词辨析。A suggestion建议； B donation捐献物 C encouragement 鼓励的 D help 帮助某人根据猫痊愈了，是因为女儿的帮助，故选D项。
（11）考查名词辨析 A love 爱；B anger生气勃勃； C regret 后悔的 D joy ；高兴地；根据语境当爱丽丝回家时，听到猫痊愈并回家的消息肯定会很高兴，可知选D项。
（12）考查形容词辨析。A troubled有问题的； B long长的话 C boring令人厌烦的话 D quiet 安静的话句意：我也通过别人的眼睛看到女儿是个好人，尽管有让我担心的时候。根据第一段提到对于女儿成长的担忧，故选A。
【点评】完形填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
17．【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述在旅行中如何调整你的生物钟。
（1）考查名词辨析。A flight航班； B change变化； C demand要求； D climate气候；句意：慢慢地对于变化做出反应，你的生物钟就要混淆。根据语境可知本文是关于对于时差的反应，故选B项。
（2）考查动词短语辨析 suffer from 遭受战争破坏的 work on 从事于；look into调查；lead to 导致；根据时区的变化可知很明显会导致时间反应，故选A项。
（3）考查名词辨析。Adange 危险性 B problem 问题在于 C waste浪费者 D fear恐惧；句意：游客会用药片和酒精来处理这个问题。根据语境可知对待时差的问题，故选B项。
（4）考查副词辨析。A briefly 简洁地址 B slowly慢慢地址 C suddenly 突然地址 D effectively有效地；句意：这有几种健康的方法，并且很有效。根据语境可知选D项。
（5）考查动词辨析。A checking 检查员 B sending送到 C adjusting 调整结构 D stopping停止播送句意：比如，在上飞机前，开始调整你的生物钟到你的目的的的时间。Adjust to 把。调整到，故选C项。
（6）考查形容词辨析。A awake B alone C hungry D calm句意：如果是白天到目的地，试着保持清醒。Stay awake保持清醒，故选A项。
（7）考查连词辨析。A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则；句意：在这种情况下，提前吃饭，否则，空腹会让阻止你睡。Or表示转折，故选D项。
（8）考查名词辨析。A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈； C research 研究；D trend趋势；句意：这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟。根据语境可知选B项。
【点评】选词填空类完形旨在考查学生对英语词汇的把握和在语篇中的综合运用能力，阅读理解能力，解答此类题，首先要浏览所给词汇，对这些词汇的意义，词性有初步的了解，然后再通读全文，了解文章大意的基础上进行试填；答完后再通读一遍文章，确保语句通顺，语义连贯。
18．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题
【解析】【分析】作者患上了注意力障碍症，无法完成老师布置的作业，但在老师的鼓励下，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。这说明通过努力，我们可以找到克服困难的方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段At thirteen, I was diagnosed（诊断）with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.可知我患了注意力障碍症，无法集中注意力于某件事情。所以我无法在课堂上集中注意力完成老师布置的阅读任务。故C项正确。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.可知他为盲人发明出一种方法进行阅读。故B项正确。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “ See what you can do when you keep trying ”可知最后作者的文章得到了A等级，受到了老师的表扬。作者感觉到很受鼓舞。故D项正确。
（4）主旨大意题。作者患上了注意力障碍症，在课堂上无法集中注意力，无法完成老师布置的作业。但在老师的鼓励下，他克服了困难，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。这说明通过努力，我们可以找到克服困难的方法。故填C。
【点评】本文涉及细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意三类题型，要求考生在把握细节的基础上，进一步理清上下文的关系，进行推理判断和概括总结。
19．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了Lake Lander在论坛上描述了自己遇到的不文明现象后，众人发表的关于自己经历的不文明现象的描述和看法。
（1）推断题。根据第一段提到Today, a man talked very loud on his phone in a train between Malvern and Reading make many passengers upset 可知因为他在火车上大声讲电话，让他人感到不安，故选B项.
（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到I did read my newpaper out loud on a train可知Taodas曾在火车大声读报纸，故选C项
（3）主旨大意。本文主要是对别人的不文明行为如何做出反应的一个讨论，故选A项。
（4）推断题。本文是篇对于社会现象的讨论，根据出现的讨论的时间，彼此隔开时间不长，可知来自网络，故选A项。
【点评】本文涉及细节理解和推理判断题型，要求考生在掌握基本细节的基础上，进行推敲、分析。
20．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了非洲观赏野生动物的野营项目。
（1）词义猜测题。根据短文第二段The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers.可知这个野营有优秀的马匹，专业的指导和许多人服务工作，可知这些野营的声望是很好的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.骑马的紧张和兴奋让人心跳加速，与他们更亲近，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句话in the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. 可知在晚上骑马很放松，惬意，也是令人印象深刻，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。本文按照早上骑马，晚上骑马来写，可知是按照时间的顺序来介绍的，故选B。
【点评】本文围绕细节理解、词义猜测设题，考查学生的细节的辨认能力和词义猜测能力。
21．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了根据文化相对主义，艺术作品在永恒受欢迎的原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。
（1）推断题。根据第一段第一句话可知根据相对主义，艺术作品就是把艺术的价值与当地的社会经济条件结合在一块，故选C项。
（2）A 推断题。根据第二段提到第二行和第二行提到可知不会把莫扎特与日本的音乐进行比较，正如日本的画作与巴黎的画廊进行比较，艺术作品是没有国界的，故选A项。
（3）推断题。根据第三段第一句话提到可知Davide曾辩论到风格的原则上是没有变化的，所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选D项。
（4）主题标题。本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，但作者提出不同的观点，故选A项。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
22．【答案】Were I three years younger than I am now, I would strongly recommend that I set more practical and specific goals. As an old saying goes, living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a pared with many abstract objectives, practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward. If only I could go back and reset my goals.
【知识点】开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文属于考查开放性作文写作，给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。
【点评】本篇范文中，句式结构复杂，多处使用了高级句型，如Were I three years younger than I am now, I would strongly recommend that I set more practical and specific goals. 此句话使用了虚拟语气的倒装 。Compared with many abstract objectives使用了过去分词做状语的用法。文章中也使用了一些高级短语，如As an old saying goes。总之，整篇文章句式变化多样，高级词汇使用较多，亮点不少。
23．【答案】Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.
You've introduced two ways to share books: wild release and controlled release. Of the two, the latter wins my favor. By the means of controlled release, I only need to deliver books to other participants, not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.
If you could provide more specific information, I would be well grateful. Looking forward to your reply.
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文，文章要点已给出，写作时注意要点表达清晰完整但不要逐字翻译。本篇范文中，多处使用了高级句型，如 I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books用了that引导同位语从句；not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well. 此句话使用了not only,but also的句型以及connecting做后置定语的用法。另外，文章多处使用了高级词汇及短语，如apply for,realease,win my favor,deliver,as well等。
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体,故需要准确表达.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。
1 / 12015年高考英语真题试卷（重庆卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·重庆）—Is Peter coming
—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
A．changes B．changed C．was changing D．had changed
【答案】B
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】 【分析】句意：彼得来了吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute在最后一秒，可能发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
【点评】动词的时态一直是热点，需要根据时间状语来进行确定，但本题要根据当时的语境来进行再次确认，才得到答案。首先看到第一句话Is Peter coming来了吗？可知彼得还没有来，而下问话at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般过去时的用法中的，第一条：一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）
2．（2015·重庆）The meeting will be held in September, but ____ knows the date for sure.
A．everybody B．nobody C．anybody D．somebody
【答案】B
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】 【分析】句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B项
【点评】这道题考查不定代词，题目难度不大，不定代词的运用要根据题目中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。somebody一般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody用于肯定句；nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。
3．（2015·重庆）I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.
A．the; / B． a; / C． the; a D．a; the
【答案】C
【知识点】定冠词
【解析】 【分析】句意：我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a；
【点评】冠词的运用要把握a一般表示泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一”。the表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。定冠词的用法口诀，特指双熟悉，上文已提及：世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器要牢记对于做题非常有帮助。
4．（2015·重庆）If you miss this chance, it may be years ____ you get another one.
A．as B．before C．since D．after
【答案】B
【知识点】时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】As 因为了 before之前；since由于；after之后； 句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年的时间才会再有。It be 时间段 before ..表示要多么才会，故选B项。
【点评】此题考查时间状语从句的用法。before是在时间状语从句中考查较多的一词。常见于句型It will be/was+一段时间+before 意为要过多久才；It will not/was not+一段时间+before一位过不了多久就。故此题选B。
5．（2015·重庆）—I can drive you home.
—____ , but are you sure it's not too much trouble
A． That would be great B．Don't bother
C． I'm afraid not D． Take care
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】 【分析】句意：我载你回家。太好了，但你确定没给添麻吗？根据are you sure it's not too much trouble？可知表示同意，故选A项。
【点评】情景交际顾名思义就要根据情景来进行作答，所以语境的判断是十分重要的，根据are you sure it's not too much trouble可知表示同意，故可以很顺利找到答案。注意此类题三个步骤，一 仔细审题，明确大意；二，分析圣诞，试填答案；三全题复读，融会贯通。
6．（2015·重庆）____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A．Being raised B．Raising C．Raised D．To raise
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】 【分析】句意：他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大，要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走，根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he，他在这个地方被抚养，两者之间是被动关系，故选C项。
【点评】本题在考查非谓语动词，题目难度中等，从选项看，不定式：表示目的和将来；动词ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成，从句子结构判断，两个句子是否共用一个主语，主语与第一个动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系，再者还要注意判断时间关系，从而得出答案来。
7．（2015·重庆）Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A．didn't write B．hadn't written
C．wouldn't write D．wouldn't have written
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。
【点评】此题考查without的含蓄虚拟，答好此题需充分理解含蓄虚拟语气。此题without引导的状语可将其改成由if所引导的虚拟语气，为If it had not been for his wartime experiences,这样就轻而易举看出从句是对过去情况的虚拟，那么主句对过去情况的虚拟为would have done。此题答案就不难选出了。
8．（2015·重庆）We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him
A．when B．how C．where D．why
【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意这是when引导的宾语从句。
【点评】宾语从句连接词的考查，宾语从句一共分为三类，一由that引导的宾语从句；二是由连接代词who,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导宾语从句，这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类，再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个，是否符合当时的语境。
9．（2015·重庆）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A．while B．though C．that D．after
【答案】C
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until 连用。It be not until that...故选C项。
【点评】由not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装。从句语序不变。如：Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown
直到1998年他才回到家乡注意：当not until 引导状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，主句的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为：
It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown
10．（2015·重庆）Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ____ the average.
A．below B．on C．at D．above
【答案】D
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】 【分析】句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度，With的宾语global temperature ,宾语补足 above the average。
【点评】with的复合结构中，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词，副词,介词短语,动词不定式或分词充当.而本题考查with一名词代词―介词短语而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句的the warmest year on record起重要作用，可知高出平均气温。
11．（2015·重庆）Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _______the sun and the stars.
A．used B．having used C．using D．use
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：像古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。bird和use间为主动关系，且和谓语动词find动作几乎同时发生，故用Using做状语。选C。
【点评】此题考查非谓语动词中现在分词做状语的用法。分词作状语首先判断分词和主语之间的关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词，再判断分词和谓语动词间的先后顺序关系，分词动作发生在谓语动词前，用完成形式；分词动作和谓语动作同时发生，用一般式。
12．（2015·重庆）You ____ be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。 must表示对现在的肯定推测。故选A。
【点评】 此题考查情态动词。答好此题需区别must，can,will,shall的用法，在情态动词中，只有must表示肯定推测 can表示可能 ，will表示意愿，shall表示应该。故选D。
13．（2015·重庆）In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ____ cut.
A．will have been B．will be C．was D．has been
【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时；时间状语从句
【解析】 【分析】句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。
【点评】现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：
①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示段时间时间状语。
14．（2015·重庆）He wrote many children' s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A．whom B．which C．them D．that
【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。
【点评】此题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。答好此题首先要找准定语从句的先行词，再判断定语从句中所缺成分，最后选用合适的关系词。此处先行词为books,从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。
15．（2015·重庆）—Hello Jenny, can I see Ms. Lewis
—____. I'll tell you're here.
A．With pleasure B．Never mind
C．You're welcome D．Just a minute
【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：你好，简妮，我能找一下路易斯女士吗？请稍等，我给你叫她。根据语境可知这是在打电话，故选D项。
【点评】对于情景交际类题目，首先要确定语境是在讲什么，再来进行判断。本题中提到I'll tell you're here可知是在打电话，再做出选择；With pleasure用在别人请求你帮忙的时候，表示“这是我的荣幸，（我很乐意去做）”—Could help me(to)look after my baby —With Pleasure.
二、完形填空
16．（2015·重庆）完形填空
When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was （1） to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didn‘t （2） . I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.
One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in view. I was surprised to see Alice was （3） .
“I hope I did the right thing, Mom,”“Alice said. I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I （4） it to the vet's(宠物医院), and was asked to make payment （5） . As I couldn't reach anyone at the phone number on the cat's tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.”
In the following days, the owner still couldn't be （6） . Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew （7） : what if the family had simply left the cat behind
A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.
“She is at school,” I said.
“You have a （8） daughter,” she said, apparently in tears.
Her family had just returned from abroad, and got a (n) （9） from the vet. Their cat was recovering, thanks to Alice's （10） . “We can't wait to hug Cuddles again,” she sobbed.
Upon her return home, Alice was filled with （11） at the news. So was I. I learned through another woman's eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her （12） teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction.
（1）A．pleasant B．painful C．unwise D．inspiring
（2）A．remain B．match C．appear D．work
（3）A．annoyed B．amused C．worried D．interested
（4）A．carried B．followed C．returned D．guided
（5）A．monthly B．honestly C．generously D．immediately
（6）A．trusted B．contacted C．persuaded D．satisfied
（7）A．active B．rude C．anxious D．proud
（8）A．pretty B．grateful C．wonderful D．curious
（9）A．apology B．invitation C．message D．reply
（10）A．suggestion B．donation C．encouragement D．help
（11）A．love B．anger C．regret D．joy
（12）A．troubled B．long C．boring D．quiet
【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；（11）D；（12）A
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼，通过女儿救助小猫的事看到虽然会有一些问题但女儿还是很好的。
（1）考查形容词辨析Apleasant B painful C unwise D inspiring 根据第一句话提到wanted to ran away form home可知看到女儿即将到来的变化是十分痛苦的，故选B项。
（2）考查动词辨析 A remain保持； B match匹配； C appear 出现；D work 工作；根据句意可知我一直很强硬但没有作用可知选D项。
（3）考查形容词辨析。A annoyed 恼怒的；B amused娱乐的； C worried 担心的；D interested 有兴趣的；根据下文提到I hope I did the right thing Mom可知是脸上写满了担心，故选C项。
（4）考查动词辨析。A carried携带； B followed 跟着；C returned返回； D guided指导；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知carry sb to some place带某人去某处，故选选A项。
（5）考查副词辨析。A monthly 按月；B honestly诚实地； C generously慷慨地； D immediately 立即；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知选D项。
（6）考查动词辨析。A trusted信任； B contacted联系； C persuaded 说服D satisfied 满意；句意：接下来的几天，主人仍然没有联系上。Be contracted 被联系上，故选B项。
（7）考查形容词辨析。A active 积极的话 B rude粗鲁的； C anxious焦虑的； D proud骄傲的；根据Alice paid the vet to continue treatment 继续支付治疗费用可知我变得焦虑起来，故选C项。
（8）考查形容词辨析。A pretty漂亮的话； B grateful感激的； C wonderful 好的；D curious 好奇的；根据女儿所做的这些善良的举动可知你有个好女儿，故选C项。
（9）考查名词辨析。A apology道歉； B invitation 邀请赛 C message 信息；D reply回应；句意：他的家人刚从国外回来，得到宠物医院给的消息，可知选C项。
（10）考查名词辨析。A suggestion建议； B donation捐献物 C encouragement 鼓励的 D help 帮助某人根据猫痊愈了，是因为女儿的帮助，故选D项。
（11）考查名词辨析 A love 爱；B anger生气勃勃； C regret 后悔的 D joy ；高兴地；根据语境当爱丽丝回家时，听到猫痊愈并回家的消息肯定会很高兴，可知选D项。
（12）考查形容词辨析。A troubled有问题的； B long长的话 C boring令人厌烦的话 D quiet 安静的话句意：我也通过别人的眼睛看到女儿是个好人，尽管有让我担心的时候。根据第一段提到对于女儿成长的担忧，故选A。
【点评】完形填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
17．（2015·重庆）完形填空
Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the （1） , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are （2） jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditionally fought this （3） with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as （4） .
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start （5） your biological block to the destination's time. If it's daytime in your destination, try to stay （6） . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it's nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, （7） an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new （8） of sleep and wakefulness.
（1）A．flight B．change C．demand D．climate
（2）A．suffering from B．working on C．looking into D．leading to
（3）A．danger B．problem C．waste D．fear
（4）A．briefly B．slowly C．suddenly D．effectively
（5）A．checking B．sending C．adjusting D．stopping
（6）A．awake B．alone C．hungry D．calm
（7）A．though B．so C．whole D．or
（8）A．understanding B．cycle C．research D．trend
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述在旅行中如何调整你的生物钟。
（1）考查名词辨析。A flight航班； B change变化； C demand要求； D climate气候；句意：慢慢地对于变化做出反应，你的生物钟就要混淆。根据语境可知本文是关于对于时差的反应，故选B项。
（2）考查动词短语辨析 suffer from 遭受战争破坏的 work on 从事于；look into调查；lead to 导致；根据时区的变化可知很明显会导致时间反应，故选A项。
（3）考查名词辨析。Adange 危险性 B problem 问题在于 C waste浪费者 D fear恐惧；句意：游客会用药片和酒精来处理这个问题。根据语境可知对待时差的问题，故选B项。
（4）考查副词辨析。A briefly 简洁地址 B slowly慢慢地址 C suddenly 突然地址 D effectively有效地；句意：这有几种健康的方法，并且很有效。根据语境可知选D项。
（5）考查动词辨析。A checking 检查员 B sending送到 C adjusting 调整结构 D stopping停止播送句意：比如，在上飞机前，开始调整你的生物钟到你的目的的的时间。Adjust to 把。调整到，故选C项。
（6）考查形容词辨析。A awake B alone C hungry D calm句意：如果是白天到目的地，试着保持清醒。Stay awake保持清醒，故选A项。
（7）考查连词辨析。A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则；句意：在这种情况下，提前吃饭，否则，空腹会让阻止你睡。Or表示转折，故选D项。
（8）考查名词辨析。A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈； C research 研究；D trend趋势；句意：这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟。根据语境可知选B项。
【点评】选词填空类完形旨在考查学生对英语词汇的把握和在语篇中的综合运用能力，阅读理解能力，解答此类题，首先要浏览所给词汇，对这些词汇的意义，词性有初步的了解，然后再通读全文，了解文章大意的基础上进行试填；答完后再通读一遍文章，确保语句通顺，语义连贯。
三、阅读理解
18．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
At thirteen, I was diagnosed with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When people else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.
In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hard right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, "you are no different from your classmates, young man.”
I tried, but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.
In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education. But Louis didn't give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）,which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.
Wasn't I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up
I didn't expect anything when I handled in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day-with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: "See what you can do when you keep trying ”
（1）The author didn't finish the reading in class because_______.
A．He was new to the class B．He was tired of literature
C．He had an attention disorder D．He wanted to take the task home
（2）What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage
A．He had good sight. B．He made a great invention.
C．He gave up reading. D．He learned a lot from school.
（3）What was Mrs.Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story
A．Angry. B．Impatient. C．Sympathetic. D．Encouraging.
（4）What is the main idea of the passage
A．The disabled should be treated with respect.
B．A teacher can open up a new world to students.
C．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.
D．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题
【解析】【分析】作者患上了注意力障碍症，无法完成老师布置的作业，但在老师的鼓励下，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。这说明通过努力，我们可以找到克服困难的方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段At thirteen, I was diagnosed（诊断）with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.可知我患了注意力障碍症，无法集中注意力于某件事情。所以我无法在课堂上集中注意力完成老师布置的阅读任务。故C项正确。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.可知他为盲人发明出一种方法进行阅读。故B项正确。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “ See what you can do when you keep trying ”可知最后作者的文章得到了A等级，受到了老师的表扬。作者感觉到很受鼓舞。故D项正确。
（4）主旨大意题。作者患上了注意力障碍症，在课堂上无法集中注意力，无法完成老师布置的作业。但在老师的鼓励下，他克服了困难，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。这说明通过努力，我们可以找到克服困难的方法。故填C。
【点评】本文涉及细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意三类题型，要求考生在把握细节的基础上，进一步理清上下文的关系，进行推理判断和概括总结。
19．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
LakeLander ·2 hours ago
Today, a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading, making many passengers upset. I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaperoutloudonthetrain, Ihave never had the courage to do it, though.
Pak50 ··· ·57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try Perhaps you should take lessons on a
musical instrument. The late musician Dennis Brian is said to have
asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio. When his
request was refused, he took out his French horn(号) and started to practice.
Angie O'Edema·42 minutes ago
I don't see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public. Don't do to others what you wouldn't like to be done to yourself. Once, a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone. I left my seat quietly, giving him some privacy to finish his conversation. He realized this and apologised to me. When his phone rang again later, he left his seat to answer it. You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas ·29 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well. The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.
Sophie 76 ·13minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train, but ,several years ago, I read some chapters from Harry Porter to my bored and noisy children. Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
（1）The passenger made an apology to Angie O'Edema because____.
A．he offered his seat to someone else
B．he spoke very loudly on his phone
C．he refused to talk with Angie
D．he ignored Angie's request
（2）Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train
A．Pak50 B．Angie O'Edema C．Taodas D．Sophie76
（3）What is the discussion mainly about
A．How to react to bad behavior. B．How to kill time on a train.
C．How to chat with strangers. D．How to make a phone call.
（4）Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A webpage. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A report.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了Lake Lander在论坛上描述了自己遇到的不文明现象后，众人发表的关于自己经历的不文明现象的描述和看法。
（1）推断题。根据第一段提到Today, a man talked very loud on his phone in a train between Malvern and Reading make many passengers upset 可知因为他在火车上大声讲电话，让他人感到不安，故选B项.
（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到I did read my newpaper out loud on a train可知Taodas曾在火车大声读报纸，故选C项
（3）主旨大意。本文主要是对别人的不文明行为如何做出反应的一个讨论，故选A项。
（4）推断题。本文是篇对于社会现象的讨论，根据出现的讨论的时间，彼此隔开时间不长，可知来自网络，故选A项。
【点评】本文涉及细节理解和推理判断题型，要求考生在掌握基本细节的基础上，进行推敲、分析。
20．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
There are many places to go on safari（观赏野生动物）in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face. It is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. With golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink____though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback Safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
（1）What does the underlined word "They" refer to
A．Flooded waters B．Wildlife journey
C．Safari camps D．Unique rides
（2）What does the author find most exciting about a horse safari
A．Seeing and feeling the real African life.
B．Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
C．Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.
D．Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
（3）What does the underlined word "sedate" probably mean
A．Wild and romantic B．Slow and peaceful
C．Hurry and thirsty D．Active and excited
（4）The author introduced the riding experience in the OKavango Delta mainly by________.
A．Following space order B．Following time order
C．Making classifications D．Giving examples
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了非洲观赏野生动物的野营项目。
（1）词义猜测题。根据短文第二段The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers.可知这个野营有优秀的马匹，专业的指导和许多人服务工作，可知这些野营的声望是很好的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.骑马的紧张和兴奋让人心跳加速，与他们更亲近，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句话in the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. 可知在晚上骑马很放松，惬意，也是令人印象深刻，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。本文按照早上骑马，晚上骑马来写，可知是按照时间的顺序来介绍的，故选B。
【点评】本文围绕细节理解、词义猜测设题，考查学生的细节的辨认能力和词义猜测能力。
21．（2015·重庆）阅读理解
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism
A．It introduces different cultural values.
B．It explains the history of artistic works.
C．It relates artistic values to local conditions.
D．It excites the human mind throughout the world.
（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ .
A．great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B．history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C．popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D．great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ .
A．they are results of scientific study
B．they establish some general principles of art
C．they are created by the world's greatest artists
D．they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage
A．Are Artistic Values Universal B．Are Popular Arts Permanent
C．Is Human Nature Uniform D．Is Cultural Relativism Scientific
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了根据文化相对主义，艺术作品在永恒受欢迎的原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。
（1）推断题。根据第一段第一句话可知根据相对主义，艺术作品就是把艺术的价值与当地的社会经济条件结合在一块，故选C项。
（2）A 推断题。根据第二段提到第二行和第二行提到可知不会把莫扎特与日本的音乐进行比较，正如日本的画作与巴黎的画廊进行比较，艺术作品是没有国界的，故选A项。
（3）推断题。根据第三段第一句话提到可知Davide曾辩论到风格的原则上是没有变化的，所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选D项。
（4）主题标题。本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，但作者提出不同的观点，故选A项。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
四、书面表达
22．（2015·重庆）写作一：请就以下话题，按要求用英文写作。
If you could give your younger self one piece of advice, what would you say
要求：（1）作出回答并说出理由；（2）词数不少于60。
【答案】Were I three years younger than I am now, I would strongly recommend that I set more practical and specific goals. As an old saying goes, living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a pared with many abstract objectives, practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward. If only I could go back and reset my goals.
【知识点】开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文属于考查开放性作文写作，给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。
【点评】本篇范文中，句式结构复杂，多处使用了高级句型，如Were I three years younger than I am now, I would strongly recommend that I set more practical and specific goals. 此句话使用了虚拟语气的倒装 。Compared with many abstract objectives使用了过去分词做状语的用法。文章中也使用了一些高级短语，如As an old saying goes。总之，整篇文章句式变化多样，高级词汇使用较多，亮点不少。
23．（2015·重庆）写作二： 是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式：一是自由分享（wild release），即把书放在指定地点，由其他参与者自由获取；二是定向分享（controlled release），即直接传递给另一位参与者。假设你是李华，请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括：表明写信目的；选择一种分享方式；简述作出该选择的理由；希望了解更多信息
注意：（1）词数不少于80； （2）书信格式及开头已给出（不计入总词数）
【答案】Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.
You've introduced two ways to share books: wild release and controlled release. Of the two, the latter wins my favor. By the means of controlled release, I only need to deliver books to other participants, not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.
If you could provide more specific information, I would be well grateful. Looking forward to your reply.
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文，文章要点已给出，写作时注意要点表达清晰完整但不要逐字翻译。本篇范文中，多处使用了高级句型，如 I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books用了that引导同位语从句；not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well. 此句话使用了not only,but also的句型以及connecting做后置定语的用法。另外，文章多处使用了高级词汇及短语，如apply for,realease,win my favor,deliver,as well等。
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体,故需要准确表达.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。
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