2014年高考英语真题试卷（陕西卷）

2014年高考英语真题试卷（陕西卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·陕西）open
A．become B．across C．lonely D．balcony
【答案】C
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】open中的元音字母o是在开音节中发字母本身的音/ /，答案C的lonely中的o也在开音节中，发音相同，故选C。
【点评】考查元音字母o的发音。
2．（2014·陕西）teacher
A．great B．heavy C．idea D．disease
【答案】D
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】teacher中ea的读音是['ti︰ ]。A的great的读音为[gre t]；B中ea的读音为[e]；C中ea的读音为 [a 'd ]。故排除A、B、C，故选D。
【点评】考查字母组合ea的发音。
3．（2014·陕西）physics
A．pleasure B．music C．sure D．increase
【答案】B
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】s在两个元音字母中间发[z]。music的读音为['mju z k]；pleasure的读音为['ple ] ；sure的读音为[ ; ]；increase的读音为[ n'kri s]。physics ['f z ks]。故选B。
【点评】考查辅音字母s的语音。
4．（2014·陕西）feather
A．warmth B．method C．theory D．breathe
【答案】D
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】th在词中并且后面接er时，或者最后一个字母是不发音的e时，通常也发浊辅音。例如feather, weather, whether, leather, further, father, bathe, breathe, southern, northern, either , mother,another, brother等。故选D。
【点评】考查字母组合th的读音。
5．（2014·陕西）however
A．however B．sorrow C．knowledge D．owner
【答案】A
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】ow在下面单词中读［au]：cow, now, how, however, brown, tower, power, town等；ow在如下单词中发[ou]：low, row , bowl, blow , slow, know。故选A。
【点评】考查字母组合ow的发音。
6．（2014·陕西）— I got that job I wanted at the public library.
— ___________! That's good news.
A．Go ahead B．Cheers
C．Congratulations D．Come on
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——在公众图书馆我得到了想要的那份工作。——祝贺！好消息。根据语境，对方告诉自己得到了渴望已久的工作。听话人应该表示祝贺。A.Go ahead“ 继续，好吧”；B. Cheers “加油”；C. Congratulations“祝贺”；D. Come on“加油”。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Go ahead，Cheers，Congratulations，Come on的含义和使用环境。
7．（2014·陕西）It's quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim
A．to go B．going C．go D．having gone
【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：今天很热，你想去游泳吗？feel like后跟v-ing形式作宾语，排除A和C，having done表示已经发生的动作，根据语境，此处因为天热，询问对方是否想去游泳，故动作没有发生，因此选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及动词短语feel like doing的应用。
8．（2014·陕西）Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A．that B．which C．as D．what
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：请寄给我们你有的关于这个位置候选人的所有资料。题干中的先行词为all the information，能够引导定语从句的选项为A、B、C。as引导限制性定语从句，先行词一般有such，as，the same等词修饰；先行词被all，the only，next，only，形容词最高级等修饰时，定语从句用that引导，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句，以及先行词被all，the only，next，only，形容词最高级等修饰时，定语从句用that引导。
9．（2014·陕西）The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
A．by B．of C．in D．with
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：带有蓝色眼睛的苏格兰女孩获得了第五届汉语口语大赛的一等奖。with表示“随身携带”、“本来带有”。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分by，of，in，with的含义和用法。
10．（2014·陕西）________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
A．Why B．When C．That D．What
【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：被延误的航班何时起飞依天气而定。题干中主句的谓语动词为depends，为此前面是主语从句。Why在主语从句中做原因状语；when在主语从句中作时间状语；that在主语从句中不做任何成分；what在主语从句中作主语或宾语。根据语境判断主语从句中缺少时间状语，故选B项。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及When引导的主语从句的应用。
11．（2014·陕西）— You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.
— ________ I thought you'd met them before.
A．So what B．Pardon C．Really D．What for
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道，昨天我第一次见了女朋友的父母。——真的吗？我原以为你以前见过他们。A.So what“那又怎样？”；B.Pardon“再说一遍？”；C.Really“真的吗？”；D.What for“ 为何目的？”此处空后是答话人原以为对方已经见到女朋友的父母，所以表现出特别吃惊。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分So what，Pardon，Really，What for的含义和使用环境。
12．（2014·陕西）No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
A．had Mo Yan B．Mo Yan had C．has Mo Yan D．Mo Yan has
【答案】A
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：莫言一登上舞台，观众就送上了热烈的掌声。no sooner...than...“一......就”，相当于hardly...when，当no sooner或hardly位于句首时，no sooner分句和hardly分句用部分倒装，后面的than分句和when分句不倒装。B、D未倒装，C项是全部倒装，故选A。
【点评】考查特殊句式，以及no sooner...than...的应用。
13．（2014·陕西）Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.
A．set off B．set about C．set up D．set down
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是愿意写下他突然想起的新主意。set off“出发, 动身 使爆炸, 点燃, 发射 使(某人)开始做, 使发火， 触发”；set about “开始, 着手 [口]攻击 散布(谣言)”；set up“竖起， 建起 安装 设立, 开办 资助(某人), 扶持(某人)建立事业”；set down “放下, 搁下 让(乘客)下车; 把(东西)卸下车 记下, 登记”。根据题意，选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分set off，set about，set up，set down的含义。
14．（2014·陕西）________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A．The; a B．A; the C．The; the D．A; a
【答案】A
【知识点】定冠词；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：我出生的那个村庄已经成了一个小镇。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词，本题涉及定冠词和不定冠词的应用。
15．（2014·陕西）________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A．Working out B．Worked out C．To work out D．Work out
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语的应用。
16．（2014·陕西）I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
A．it B．you C．one D．this
【答案】A
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你提前让我知道你是否回来，我会很感激。I'd appreciate it if/when/that…是固定句式，appreciate后跟接if或when从句时，其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句式，掌握I'd appreciate it if/when/that…。
17．（2014·陕西）During his stay in Xi'an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,
A．would recommend B．had recommended
C．have recommended D．were recommending
【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在他呆在西安期间，Jerry几乎尝遍了所有的朋友推荐的当地食品。题干中的tried动作在过去发生，朋友“推荐”动作应该发生在tried动作之前，表示“过去的过去”用过去完成时。故此处选B。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
18．（2014·陕西）We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
A．would stay B．has stayed C．stayed D．stay
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们呆在家里，但是此事由她选择，她不再是个孩子了。would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式，表示动作发生在现在或将来，用had+过去分词表是动作发生在过去。根据后一句中的is可知此处动词用过去式，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，以及would rather的应用，本题涉及对现在事实的假设。
19．（2014·陕西）The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ______I could ask for their names.
A．while B．before C．after D．since
【答案】B
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我问他们的名字之前，这对年轻夫妇返还了我的钱包就离开了。所填词引导时间状语从句，意思是“在……之前”，选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句的应用。
20．（2014·陕西）My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it
A．need B．must C．should D．could
【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我的书《The House of Hales》丢了。可能是谁拿走了？need用在情态动词，只用在否定句和疑问句中，“必要”；must“必须”，表示肯定推测，用在肯定句中；should“应该、竟然”；could“能够、可能”。题干中的说话人书丢了，应该是猜测可能是谁拿走了，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分need，must，should，could的含义和用法。
二、完形填空
21．（2014·陕西）完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Mother's Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son,Tenyson.As we were （1） ,we realized that only minutes earlier an （2） woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground （3） was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock （4） ,a lot of people stopped to help out. （5） we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very （6） about what had happened to the elderly couple. He （7） to me,“Mom, it's not much fun falling over in front of （8） ”Seeing that there was a flower stall(摊位)at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldn't we （9） the lady a flower It will make her feel better.”I was （10） that he'd come up with this （11） idea. So we went over and told the flower seller （12） we wanted.“Just take it,”she replied.“I （13） take your money for such a wonderful （14） ”
By now medical staff had arrived, and were （15） the injured woman. We gave the flower to the woman's husband and I told him it was （16） my son. At that, the old man started crying and said,“Thank you very much.”He then turned to me,“You have a （17） son. Happy Mother's Day to you.”
The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from （18） being badly hurt,the old lady looked up at Tenyson with （19） in her eyes and gave him a little （20）
（1）A．leaving B．driving C．moving D．stopping
（2）A．injured B．awkward C．honest D．elderly
（3）A．Her husband B．My son C．The crowd D．The seller
（4）A．Specifically B．Particularly C．Interestingly D．Fortunately
（5）A．If B．Since C．While D．Unless
（6）A．guilty B．curious C．angry D．worried
（7）A．complained B．said C．lied D．responded
（8）A．no one B．someone C．everyone D．anyone
（9）A．lend B．bring C．leave D．buy
（10）A．amazed B．shocked C．puzzled D．concerned
（11）A．wise B．sweet C．innocent D．crazy
（12）A．which B．when C．what D．whether
（13）A．must not B．can't C．may not D．needn't
（14）A．scene B．habit C．flower D．deed
（15）A．checking with B．looking after C．operating on D．praying for
（16）A．from B．to C．with D．about
（17）A．respectful B．cheerful C．successful D．wonderful
（18）A．Out of B．Regardless of C．Thanks to D．As to
（19）A．love B．hope C．pity D．pain
（20）A．idea B．money C．smile D．comfort
【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）D；（7）B；（8）C；（9）D；（10）A；（11）B；（12）C；（13）B；（14）D；（15）B；（16）A；（17）D；（18）B；（19）A；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲节那一天我和儿子去超市，在出口出看见了一位老人摔倒在地。儿子给她买了花表示同情。而我在这一天我收到了母亲节最好的礼物。
（1）考查动词。leave“离开”；drive“驾车”；move“移动”；stop“停止”；当我们正要离开的时候，我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处，头部撞到了地上。他们去出口，说明他们要回家了。故A正确。
（2）考查形容词。injured“受伤的”；awkward“笨拙的”；honest “诚实的”；elderly“年老的”；根据6空后the elderly couple可知她是一个老人。我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处，头部撞到了地上。故D正确。
（3）考查名词。根据6空后the elderly couple可知他们是一对夫妻一起出来的，那么是她的丈夫和她在一起。故A正确。
（4）考查副词。Specifically “特别地”；Particularly“尤其地”；Interestingly“有趣地”；Fortunately“幸运地”。她流了很多血，到处都是。这让她很尴尬，但是幸运地是很多人都停下了帮助她。很多人都帮助她，这真是幸运的事情。故D正确。
（5）考查连词。If“如果”；Since“自从”；While“当...…时”；然而；Unless“除非，如果...…不…...”。当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候，我儿子很担心这位老人。根据句中的were walking…说明应该使用while。故C正确。
（6）考查形容词。guilty“内疚的，有罪的”；curious“好奇的”；angry“生气的”；worried“担心的”。当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候，我儿子很担心这位老人。根据下文他给他们买花说明他很担心同情他们。故D正确。
（7）考查动词。complain“抱怨”；say“说”；lie“说谎”；respond“回应”。儿子对我说：妈妈，在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。say to sb“对某人说”，故B正确。
（8）考查代词。no one“没有人”；someone“某个人”；everyone“所有人”；anyone“任何人”。儿子对我说：妈妈，在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。老人摔倒是所有人都看到的。故C正确。
（9）考查动词。lend“ 借出”；bring“带来”;leave“离开”；buy“购买”。为什么不给她买一束花呢？这会让她感觉好起来。本句是儿子对我的建议。故D正确。
（10）考查形容词。amazed“惊讶的”；shocked“震惊的”；puzzled “困惑的”；concerned“担心的”；我很惊讶他能够想起这样一个很好的想法。儿子才5岁，就能够想起这个主意，让我很惊讶。故A正确。
（11）考查形容词。wise“明智的”；sweet“甜的；愉快的，快乐的；温柔的，亲切的；芳香的”；innocent“无辜的，幼稚的”；crazy“疯狂的”。五岁的孩子能够想出这样一个让人愉快的主意真让人惊讶。故B正确。
（12）考查连词。本句是一个宾语从句，作为动词told的宾语，在宾语从句中what既引导起这个宾语从句，也在句中做动词want的宾语。我们故事卖花的人我们想要的东西。故C正确。
（13）考查情态动词。must not“禁止，千万不能”；can't“不可能”；may not“也许不”；needn't“不需要，不必”。买花的人：我们不能收你的钱，因为你做的是一件很棒的事情。根据句义说明can't符合上下文串联。
（14）考查名词。scene“场景，风景”；habit“习惯”；flower“花”；deed“行为”。儿子买花给老人向他们表示同情这是很棒的行为。故D正确。
（15）考查短语。check“核对”；look after“照顾”；operate on“做手术”；pay for“付钱”。救护人员已经到场了，正在照顾这位受伤的老人。根据句义可知救护人员来了，应该是为了照顾这老人。故B正确。
（16）考查介词。from“来自”；to“向，给”；with“和”；about“关于”。我把花送给了老人的丈夫，告诉他这个花是我的儿子送的。本句中的from表示花的来源。故A正确。
（17）考查形容词。.respectful“尊敬的”；cheerful“兴高采烈的”；successful“成功的”；wonderful“很棒的”。老人哭着对我说：谢谢你，你有一个很棒的儿子。母亲节快乐。故D正确。
（18）考查介词短语。Out of“出于”；Regardless of“不管不顾”；Thanks to“多亏”；As to“至于，关于”。老人的丈夫朝我鞠躬，并把花给了他的妻子，告诉她花是我的儿子送的。尽管受了伤，他的妻子还是带着爱意看着我的儿子，朝着他微笑。故B正确。
（19）考查名词。love“爱”；hope“希望”；pity“遗憾”；pain“痛苦”。儿子给她送花，她认为我的儿子很出色，很喜欢我的儿子，所以是眼带爱意看着他。故A正确。
（20）考查名词。idea“主意，想法”；money“钱”；smile“微笑”；comfort“安慰”。老人眼带笑意看着我的儿子并朝他微笑。故C正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词、形容词、名词、副词、连词、代词、情态动词以及介词短语的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
22．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crisis（危机）in the coming decades — which means each nation's natural resource will be more important than ever.
（1）According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resource per person
A．244,973 cubic kilometers B．241 cubic kilometers
C．3,642 cubic kilometers D．6,122 cubic kilometers
（2）Which country or region has the most freshwater resource per year
A．Guyana B．Brazil C．Iceland D．China
（3）Which country or region appears twice on the top 5 lists
A．Bhutan B．Seychelles C．Canada D．Suriname
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍世界淡水资源枯竭是几乎每个国家都面临这个难题。第一幅图片介绍世界上的森林面积；第二图接啊少淡水资源；第三幅图介绍人均淡水资源。
（1）考查细节理解。第三幅图片WATER PER PERSON处Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per person（2011）WORLD AVERAGE 6,122可知世界人均淡水资源的是6122平方千米，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二幅图中RENEWABLE WATER Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per year（2011）下面几个国家和地区的排名，巴西在最前面，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第一幅图片FOREST，Percentage of total land area covered by forests（2011）可知森林覆盖的面积，下面几个国家和地区的排名进行，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
23．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University（SMU）in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor.
Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, whoauthenticatedthe story as O. Henry's.
My father then set out to sell it. Eventfully, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.
My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.
（1）Who found the O. Henry's manuscript
A．The girl's mother. B．The author's father.
C．The girl. D．The author.
（2）Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic
A．O. Henry once worked in Houston.
B．O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.
C．O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.
D．O. Henry once taught at SMU.
（3）The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A．named B．treated C．proved D．described
（4）According to the text, why did the author's father go to Des Moines
A．To sell the O. Henry story. B．To meet the author himself.
C．To talk with the O. Henry expert. D．To give money to the girl.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】人物故事类；词义猜测题；细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位处于贫困中的母亲在发现O.Henry书稿时没有私藏，而是转交给作者的父亲，作者的父亲让专家鉴定后将书稿卖的钱如数给小女孩的母亲，生病的孩子得救了。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, ‘By O.Henry'”可知那位小女孩的母亲一天打扫阁楼上发现布满尘土的旧手稿，手稿上写着O.Henry的签名，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O.Henry had once lived in Houston.”可知我父亲从没有听说过这个故事，但是他知道O.Henry曾住在Houston，故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据前文作者的父亲找到一位专家应是“证明”是O.Henry的作品。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“My father then set out to sell it”我父亲然后出发去把它卖掉，可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity — or extreme overweight — among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% — and is growing.
（1）In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola
A．They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.
B．They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.
C．They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles.
D．They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.
（2）This text is mainly the relationship between _________.
A．Americans and the French B．life style and obesity
C．children and adults D．fast food and overweight
（3）The text is mainly developed __________.
A．by contrast B．by space
C．by process D．by classification
（4）Where does this text probably come from
A．A TV interview B．A food advertisement
C．A health report D．A book review
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国和法国的生活方式的不同，以及他们的生活方式与肥胖之间的关系。作者以为什么美国人在与肥胖作斗争而法国人享受着美食且保持身材苗条引出话题，并展开讨论。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”...the French see eating as an important part of their life style.“可知法国人将饮食当作生活的一部分，故选C。
（2）考查主旨大意。通读全文主要介绍了美国和法国的生活方式的不同，而且美国的饮食宜造成肥胖，而法国的饮食可保持身体苗条，也就是主要介绍的生活方式与肥胖之间的关系，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。通读全文。作者在第一段以为什么美国人在与肥胖作斗争而法国人享受着美食且保持身材苗条引出话题，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。本文主要介绍了美国和法国生活方式的不同以及带来的体型变化等，故应是来源于健康报告。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
25．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son's school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching(干呕)into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.
What caused so much pain Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare(噩梦). Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.
Why do we put our children through this annual suffering Some may say competition is character building; or it's taking part, not winning, that's important; or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.
Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting—and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone's eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.
I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.
（1）What can we learn about the author's son from Paragraph 1
A．He talked with some mothers. B．He comforted his classmates.
C．He had difficulty in sleeping. D．He suffered from stomachache.
（2）Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because .
A．this is an independent school B．it is a tradition of the school
C．it helps children lose weight D．children enjoy watching sports
（3）What does the author think about team games
A．They should include more stressful races.
B．They are acceptable to different children.
C．They should be abandoned at primary schools.
D．They are less fun for those who love running.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards sports day
A．Critical. B．Neutral. C．Positive. D．Ambiguous.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍孩子学校体育节中的竞争性运动会给孩子带来的伤害，并希望用其他的运动来代替竞争性的运动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”my 11-year-old had stomach pains.“我11岁的孩子得了胃痛，可知选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”...that it is a tradition of school life.“可知这是学校生活的一种传统，故选B。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第二段中的”For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩梦）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease.“可知竞争性的体育运动可能给不同的孩子带来不一样的结果，故选B。
（4）考查判断推理。根据最后一段中的”I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event.“体育节应被取消或者用竞争性小一些的运动代替，可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、信息匹配
26．（2014·陕西）根据对话情境和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。
Linda: Hello, George.　 　
George: Hi, Linda. I'm reading a tourist guide to Europe.
Linda:　 　
George: Yes, i'm looking to such a trip. Hey, have you ever been there
Linda: Yes. I've actually visited my countries in Europe; France, Germany, Italy and Austria, for example.
George:　 　 And how long did you stay
Linda: Two years ago. For over one month.
George: Did you like it
Linda:　 　There are many ancient churches and castles. It's the best trip I've ever taken.
George: Sounds great.　 　
Linda: Good idea. You won't regret it.
A: Of course.
B: Not exactly.
C: What are you doing
D: When did you go there
E: Do you plan to move to Europe
F: Are you thinking of visiting Europe some day
G: I decide to make a trip next October on my annual leave.
【答案】C；F；D；A；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇情景交际。
（1）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据答语中的I'm reading a tourist guide to Europe判断选C。
（2）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据前文的George话判断，他对欧洲感兴趣，并在读欧洲指南，再根据下文的”I'm looking forward to such a trip“判断选F。
（3）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据上句话，Linda已经去过欧洲，Geogre要询问她什么时间去的欧洲，再根据答语Two years ago判断选D。
（4）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据问话以及空后的叙述，说明Linda喜欢欧洲，故选A。
（5）考查情景交际及语境理解。听了Linda的介绍，和Geogre的Sounds great说明Geogre决定去欧洲旅游了，故选G。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
27．（2014·陕西）根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. Real winners of tourism B. Negative effects of tourism C. Growing tourism in the world D. Developing tourism with caution E. Benefits to the locals from tourism F. Tourism problems and possible solutions
　 　
On the Mediterranean island of Majorca in Spain, the locals are angry. Too late. In the last quarter of 20th century, they obtained profit from foreign visitors wanting to buy up property on their beautiful island. Suddenly, it occurred to Majorca that the island no longer belonged to them. Its 630,000 inhabitants（居民）are increasingly convinced that the 14 million visitors a year are far too much of a good thing. Water is in short supply, pollution is worsening, and there is no affordable housing left for them to buy.
　 　
Tourism is the world's largest and fastest growing industry. In 1950, 25 million people traveled abroad; last year, it was 750 million. The World Tourism Organization predicts that 1.6 billion people, by 2020, will travel each year, spending over two trillion（万亿）US dollars.
　 　
The host country may not see many benefits. In Thailand, 60% of the $ 4 billion annual tourism income leaves the country. Tourists arrange by travel companies tend to stay at a big foreign-owned hotels, buying few local products. Mass tourism（团队旅游）usually leaves little money inside the country and most of the money goes to the airlines, the tour operators,and the foreign hotel owners, who are the final winners of tourism.
　 　
These days the industry's most urgent question may be how to control the flow of tourist. A typical example of this is Italy, where great cultural centers like the Florence and Venice can't handle all the tourists they get every summer. In Florence, it's half inhabitants have to live with the pollution, traffic jam, and crime caused by 11 million visitors a year. Now there is talk about how to solve these problems, like raising hotel taxes, or even changing admission to some public squares. The idea is to discourage at least some visitors, as well as to pay for cleaning up the mess.
　 　
For many poorer countries, tourism may still offer the best hope foe development. The Vietnamese are doing their best to open up their country. Libya has paid $ 1 million for a study. They all wanted tourists. Yet if something isn't done, tourism seems certain to become the victim of its success. Its effect on the environment is a major concern. For this reason, tourist organizations need to have second thoughts about what exactly they are trying to sell.
【答案】B；C；A；F；D
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍校运动会给孩子带来的伤害，并希望用其他的运动来代替竞争性的运动。
①考查语境理解及主题句。根据第一段中的“的water in short supply，pollution is worsening，no affordable housing”判断选B。
②考查上下文的语境理解。根据第二段中的“Tourism is the world's largest and fastest industry”判断选C。
③考查上下文的语境理解。根据第三段中的“The host country may not see many benefits”判断可知选A。.
④考查上下文的语境理解。根据该段主要叙述了旅游带来的问题和解决办法，故选F。
⑤考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文提到的旅游所带来的诸多问题，通读全段，提醒发展中国家应慎重对待旅游问题。故选D。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
五、单词拼写
28．（2014·陕西）根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。
（1）The first few weeks of this 　 　（春天）were unusually cold.
（2）Take the lift to the 　 　（第十）floor, and you will find the gym.
（3）We can eat out if you like, but I would 　 　（更喜欢）to stay in.
（4）Keep in mind that it is a shame to 　 　（浪费）food.
（5）It was 　 　（勇敢的）of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.
（6）I'm happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how to 　 　（下载）from the Internet.
（7）They failed to reach a settlement, because they 　 　（不同意）too much with each other.
（8）Men and Women must be treated 　 　（平等地）in education and employment.
（9）On June 27, 2012, the Jiaolong reached a 　 　（深度）of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean.
（10）The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many 　 　（申请人）.
【答案】（1）spring
（2）tenth
（3）prefer
（4）waste
（5）brave
（6）download
（7）disagreed
（8）equally
（9）depth
（10）applicants
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】根据各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词写出对应单词的正确、完整形式。
（1）句意：春天的前几周通常是冷的。of this spring作weeks的定语。填 spring。
（2）句意：乘电梯到十层，你就会发现体育馆。序数词一般有定冠词the修饰。填tenth。
（3）句意：如果你愿意，我们可你出去吃饭。但是我宁愿呆在家里。would后跟动词原形。故填prefer。
（4）句意：记住浪费食物是可耻的。to后跟动词原形，不定式短语作宾语从句的真正主语。故填waste。
（5）句意：Mary 很勇敢，停职开办自己的商业。brave形容词作表语，故填brave。
（6）句意：我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了从网上下载。to后跟动词原形，how与不定式连用作learned的宾语。故填download。
（7）句意：他们不能达成协议，因为他们互不认同。主句是过去时，从句也应用过去时。故填disagreed。
（8）句意：男女必须在教育和工作上平等。副词修饰treated。故填equally。
（9）句意：2012年6月27日，蛟龙在太平洋到达了7062米的深度。deep的名词形式为depth。故填depth。
（10）句意：当地报纸招聘工程师的广告吸引了许多人。空前有many修饰，用名词的复数形式。故填applicants。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，结合括号内的提示，写出正确的单词形式。
六、短文改错
29．（2014·陕西）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。排设涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏间词符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（——），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11）不计分。
My father took me out camping for the first time when I as seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
Ore evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target, Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!
【答案】①加to ; ②come改为came ； ③have改为having ； ④immediate改为immediately； ⑤on改为at ； ⑥Neither改为None； ⑦was改为were ； ⑧删除were或looked ； ⑨and改为but； ⑩a改为an。
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了跟父亲第一次露营的经历 。
①考查固定短语。句意：他想要教我关于动物、昆虫和树的事情。want to do sth.固定短语“想要做某事”，故wanted 后加 to。
② 考查时态。根据文章第一句中when I was seven可知本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时,故将come改为came 。
③ 考查分词做状语。本句中动词have与主句主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语在句中充当伴随状语，故将have改为having。
④考查副词。在英语中通常使用副词充当状语，修饰谓语动词。本句中使用immediately修饰谓语动词jumped up.句意：我的叔叔们立刻跳了起来，把箭射向了那只鸟。故将immediate改为immediately。
⑤考查介词。固定搭配shoot at…朝…射击；句意：我的叔叔立刻跳了起来，把箭射向了那只鸟。故将on改为at。
⑥ 考查代词。动词neither指两者都不；而none通常指三者或三者以上中一个也没有。根据上文可知叔叔们射向鸟的箭很多，所以使用none表示否定。故将Neither改为None。
⑦ 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是the arrows，这是复数形式，使用谓语动词也应该使用复数were。故将was改为were 。
⑧ 考查语态。短语look like看起来像…；其中的look是系动词，没有被动语态。故删除were或looked。
⑨考查连词。句意：我们奔跑逃脱，幸运的是没有人受伤。根据上下文句意可知没有转折关系，只表示上下文的顺接，所以使用并列连词and。故将and改为but。
⑩考查冠词。形容词impressive是以元音音素开始的，所以使用an修饰，故将a改为an。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词短语，时态，现在分词，副词，介词，代词，主谓一致，语态，连词和冠词等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
七、书面表达
30．（2014·陕西）假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。
写作要点：1.表示对客人的欢迎；2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3.表达对客人的祝愿。
写作要求： 1.词数不少于100；2.称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文；3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Dear American guests,
【答案】Dear American Guest,
On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities. As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today. The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. The programme consists of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story telling and so on. The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in some activities. I hope we students will benefit from your presence. I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇材料作文，材料非常简单，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇欢迎词，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.表示对客人的欢迎；2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3.表达对客人的祝愿。考生在写作之前必修认真审题，首先要注意文章的时态，要求是对美国代表团的欢迎词，所以要用一般现在时。考生成文时应注意：1. 结构上：采用三段成文，第一段欢迎美国朋友的到来；第二段介绍英语周的活动；第三段表达愿望：希望获准。2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. 不定式作表语；I hope we students will benefit from your presence.运用了宾语从句。
1 / 12014年高考英语真题试卷（陕西卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2014·陕西）open
A．become B．across C．lonely D．balcony
2．（2014·陕西）teacher
A．great B．heavy C．idea D．disease
3．（2014·陕西）physics
A．pleasure B．music C．sure D．increase
4．（2014·陕西）feather
A．warmth B．method C．theory D．breathe
5．（2014·陕西）however
A．however B．sorrow C．knowledge D．owner
6．（2014·陕西）— I got that job I wanted at the public library.
— ___________! That's good news.
A．Go ahead B．Cheers
C．Congratulations D．Come on
7．（2014·陕西）It's quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim
A．to go B．going C．go D．having gone
8．（2014·陕西）Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A．that B．which C．as D．what
9．（2014·陕西）The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
A．by B．of C．in D．with
10．（2014·陕西）________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
A．Why B．When C．That D．What
11．（2014·陕西）— You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.
— ________ I thought you'd met them before.
A．So what B．Pardon C．Really D．What for
12．（2014·陕西）No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
A．had Mo Yan B．Mo Yan had C．has Mo Yan D．Mo Yan has
13．（2014·陕西）Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.
A．set off B．set about C．set up D．set down
14．（2014·陕西）________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A．The; a B．A; the C．The; the D．A; a
15．（2014·陕西）________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A．Working out B．Worked out C．To work out D．Work out
16．（2014·陕西）I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
A．it B．you C．one D．this
17．（2014·陕西）During his stay in Xi'an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,
A．would recommend B．had recommended
C．have recommended D．were recommending
18．（2014·陕西）We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
A．would stay B．has stayed C．stayed D．stay
19．（2014·陕西）The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ______I could ask for their names.
A．while B．before C．after D．since
20．（2014·陕西）My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it
A．need B．must C．should D．could
二、完形填空
21．（2014·陕西）完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Mother's Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son,Tenyson.As we were （1） ,we realized that only minutes earlier an （2） woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground （3） was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock （4） ,a lot of people stopped to help out. （5） we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very （6） about what had happened to the elderly couple. He （7） to me,“Mom, it's not much fun falling over in front of （8） ”Seeing that there was a flower stall(摊位)at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldn't we （9） the lady a flower It will make her feel better.”I was （10） that he'd come up with this （11） idea. So we went over and told the flower seller （12） we wanted.“Just take it,”she replied.“I （13） take your money for such a wonderful （14） ”
By now medical staff had arrived, and were （15） the injured woman. We gave the flower to the woman's husband and I told him it was （16） my son. At that, the old man started crying and said,“Thank you very much.”He then turned to me,“You have a （17） son. Happy Mother's Day to you.”
The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from （18） being badly hurt,the old lady looked up at Tenyson with （19） in her eyes and gave him a little （20）
（1）A．leaving B．driving C．moving D．stopping
（2）A．injured B．awkward C．honest D．elderly
（3）A．Her husband B．My son C．The crowd D．The seller
（4）A．Specifically B．Particularly C．Interestingly D．Fortunately
（5）A．If B．Since C．While D．Unless
（6）A．guilty B．curious C．angry D．worried
（7）A．complained B．said C．lied D．responded
（8）A．no one B．someone C．everyone D．anyone
（9）A．lend B．bring C．leave D．buy
（10）A．amazed B．shocked C．puzzled D．concerned
（11）A．wise B．sweet C．innocent D．crazy
（12）A．which B．when C．what D．whether
（13）A．must not B．can't C．may not D．needn't
（14）A．scene B．habit C．flower D．deed
（15）A．checking with B．looking after C．operating on D．praying for
（16）A．from B．to C．with D．about
（17）A．respectful B．cheerful C．successful D．wonderful
（18）A．Out of B．Regardless of C．Thanks to D．As to
（19）A．love B．hope C．pity D．pain
（20）A．idea B．money C．smile D．comfort
三、阅读理解
22．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crisis（危机）in the coming decades — which means each nation's natural resource will be more important than ever.
（1）According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resource per person
A．244,973 cubic kilometers B．241 cubic kilometers
C．3,642 cubic kilometers D．6,122 cubic kilometers
（2）Which country or region has the most freshwater resource per year
A．Guyana B．Brazil C．Iceland D．China
（3）Which country or region appears twice on the top 5 lists
A．Bhutan B．Seychelles C．Canada D．Suriname
23．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University（SMU）in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor.
Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, whoauthenticatedthe story as O. Henry's.
My father then set out to sell it. Eventfully, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.
My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.
（1）Who found the O. Henry's manuscript
A．The girl's mother. B．The author's father.
C．The girl. D．The author.
（2）Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic
A．O. Henry once worked in Houston.
B．O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.
C．O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.
D．O. Henry once taught at SMU.
（3）The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A．named B．treated C．proved D．described
（4）According to the text, why did the author's father go to Des Moines
A．To sell the O. Henry story. B．To meet the author himself.
C．To talk with the O. Henry expert. D．To give money to the girl.
24．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity — or extreme overweight — among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% — and is growing.
（1）In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola
A．They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.
B．They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.
C．They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles.
D．They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.
（2）This text is mainly the relationship between _________.
A．Americans and the French B．life style and obesity
C．children and adults D．fast food and overweight
（3）The text is mainly developed __________.
A．by contrast B．by space
C．by process D．by classification
（4）Where does this text probably come from
A．A TV interview B．A food advertisement
C．A health report D．A book review
25．（2014·陕西）阅读理解
One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son's school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching(干呕)into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.
What caused so much pain Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare(噩梦). Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.
Why do we put our children through this annual suffering Some may say competition is character building; or it's taking part, not winning, that's important; or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.
Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting—and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone's eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.
I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.
（1）What can we learn about the author's son from Paragraph 1
A．He talked with some mothers. B．He comforted his classmates.
C．He had difficulty in sleeping. D．He suffered from stomachache.
（2）Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because .
A．this is an independent school B．it is a tradition of the school
C．it helps children lose weight D．children enjoy watching sports
（3）What does the author think about team games
A．They should include more stressful races.
B．They are acceptable to different children.
C．They should be abandoned at primary schools.
D．They are less fun for those who love running.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards sports day
A．Critical. B．Neutral. C．Positive. D．Ambiguous.
四、信息匹配
26．（2014·陕西）根据对话情境和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。
Linda: Hello, George.　 　
George: Hi, Linda. I'm reading a tourist guide to Europe.
Linda:　 　
George: Yes, i'm looking to such a trip. Hey, have you ever been there
Linda: Yes. I've actually visited my countries in Europe; France, Germany, Italy and Austria, for example.
George:　 　 And how long did you stay
Linda: Two years ago. For over one month.
George: Did you like it
Linda:　 　There are many ancient churches and castles. It's the best trip I've ever taken.
George: Sounds great.　 　
Linda: Good idea. You won't regret it.
A: Of course.
B: Not exactly.
C: What are you doing
D: When did you go there
E: Do you plan to move to Europe
F: Are you thinking of visiting Europe some day
G: I decide to make a trip next October on my annual leave.
27．（2014·陕西）根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. Real winners of tourism B. Negative effects of tourism C. Growing tourism in the world D. Developing tourism with caution E. Benefits to the locals from tourism F. Tourism problems and possible solutions
　 　
On the Mediterranean island of Majorca in Spain, the locals are angry. Too late. In the last quarter of 20th century, they obtained profit from foreign visitors wanting to buy up property on their beautiful island. Suddenly, it occurred to Majorca that the island no longer belonged to them. Its 630,000 inhabitants（居民）are increasingly convinced that the 14 million visitors a year are far too much of a good thing. Water is in short supply, pollution is worsening, and there is no affordable housing left for them to buy.
　 　
Tourism is the world's largest and fastest growing industry. In 1950, 25 million people traveled abroad; last year, it was 750 million. The World Tourism Organization predicts that 1.6 billion people, by 2020, will travel each year, spending over two trillion（万亿）US dollars.
　 　
The host country may not see many benefits. In Thailand, 60% of the $ 4 billion annual tourism income leaves the country. Tourists arrange by travel companies tend to stay at a big foreign-owned hotels, buying few local products. Mass tourism（团队旅游）usually leaves little money inside the country and most of the money goes to the airlines, the tour operators,and the foreign hotel owners, who are the final winners of tourism.
　 　
These days the industry's most urgent question may be how to control the flow of tourist. A typical example of this is Italy, where great cultural centers like the Florence and Venice can't handle all the tourists they get every summer. In Florence, it's half inhabitants have to live with the pollution, traffic jam, and crime caused by 11 million visitors a year. Now there is talk about how to solve these problems, like raising hotel taxes, or even changing admission to some public squares. The idea is to discourage at least some visitors, as well as to pay for cleaning up the mess.
　 　
For many poorer countries, tourism may still offer the best hope foe development. The Vietnamese are doing their best to open up their country. Libya has paid $ 1 million for a study. They all wanted tourists. Yet if something isn't done, tourism seems certain to become the victim of its success. Its effect on the environment is a major concern. For this reason, tourist organizations need to have second thoughts about what exactly they are trying to sell.
五、单词拼写
28．（2014·陕西）根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。
（1）The first few weeks of this 　 　（春天）were unusually cold.
（2）Take the lift to the 　 　（第十）floor, and you will find the gym.
（3）We can eat out if you like, but I would 　 　（更喜欢）to stay in.
（4）Keep in mind that it is a shame to 　 　（浪费）food.
（5）It was 　 　（勇敢的）of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.
（6）I'm happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how to 　 　（下载）from the Internet.
（7）They failed to reach a settlement, because they 　 　（不同意）too much with each other.
（8）Men and Women must be treated 　 　（平等地）in education and employment.
（9）On June 27, 2012, the Jiaolong reached a 　 　（深度）of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean.
（10）The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many 　 　（申请人）.
六、短文改错
29．（2014·陕西）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。排设涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏间词符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（——），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11）不计分。
My father took me out camping for the first time when I as seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
Ore evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target, Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!
七、书面表达
30．（2014·陕西）假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。
写作要点：1.表示对客人的欢迎；2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3.表达对客人的祝愿。
写作要求： 1.词数不少于100；2.称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文；3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Dear American guests,
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】open中的元音字母o是在开音节中发字母本身的音/ /，答案C的lonely中的o也在开音节中，发音相同，故选C。
【点评】考查元音字母o的发音。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】teacher中ea的读音是['ti︰ ]。A的great的读音为[gre t]；B中ea的读音为[e]；C中ea的读音为 [a 'd ]。故排除A、B、C，故选D。
【点评】考查字母组合ea的发音。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】s在两个元音字母中间发[z]。music的读音为['mju z k]；pleasure的读音为['ple ] ；sure的读音为[ ; ]；increase的读音为[ n'kri s]。physics ['f z ks]。故选B。
【点评】考查辅音字母s的语音。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】th在词中并且后面接er时，或者最后一个字母是不发音的e时，通常也发浊辅音。例如feather, weather, whether, leather, further, father, bathe, breathe, southern, northern, either , mother,another, brother等。故选D。
【点评】考查字母组合th的读音。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】其他作文
【解析】【分析】ow在下面单词中读［au]：cow, now, how, however, brown, tower, power, town等；ow在如下单词中发[ou]：low, row , bowl, blow , slow, know。故选A。
【点评】考查字母组合ow的发音。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——在公众图书馆我得到了想要的那份工作。——祝贺！好消息。根据语境，对方告诉自己得到了渴望已久的工作。听话人应该表示祝贺。A.Go ahead“ 继续，好吧”；B. Cheers “加油”；C. Congratulations“祝贺”；D. Come on“加油”。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Go ahead，Cheers，Congratulations，Come on的含义和使用环境。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：今天很热，你想去游泳吗？feel like后跟v-ing形式作宾语，排除A和C，having done表示已经发生的动作，根据语境，此处因为天热，询问对方是否想去游泳，故动作没有发生，因此选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及动词短语feel like doing的应用。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：请寄给我们你有的关于这个位置候选人的所有资料。题干中的先行词为all the information，能够引导定语从句的选项为A、B、C。as引导限制性定语从句，先行词一般有such，as，the same等词修饰；先行词被all，the only，next，only，形容词最高级等修饰时，定语从句用that引导，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句，以及先行词被all，the only，next，only，形容词最高级等修饰时，定语从句用that引导。
9．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：带有蓝色眼睛的苏格兰女孩获得了第五届汉语口语大赛的一等奖。with表示“随身携带”、“本来带有”。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分by，of，in，with的含义和用法。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：被延误的航班何时起飞依天气而定。题干中主句的谓语动词为depends，为此前面是主语从句。Why在主语从句中做原因状语；when在主语从句中作时间状语；that在主语从句中不做任何成分；what在主语从句中作主语或宾语。根据语境判断主语从句中缺少时间状语，故选B项。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及When引导的主语从句的应用。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道，昨天我第一次见了女朋友的父母。——真的吗？我原以为你以前见过他们。A.So what“那又怎样？”；B.Pardon“再说一遍？”；C.Really“真的吗？”；D.What for“ 为何目的？”此处空后是答话人原以为对方已经见到女朋友的父母，所以表现出特别吃惊。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分So what，Pardon，Really，What for的含义和使用环境。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：莫言一登上舞台，观众就送上了热烈的掌声。no sooner...than...“一......就”，相当于hardly...when，当no sooner或hardly位于句首时，no sooner分句和hardly分句用部分倒装，后面的than分句和when分句不倒装。B、D未倒装，C项是全部倒装，故选A。
【点评】考查特殊句式，以及no sooner...than...的应用。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是愿意写下他突然想起的新主意。set off“出发, 动身 使爆炸, 点燃, 发射 使(某人)开始做, 使发火， 触发”；set about “开始, 着手 [口]攻击 散布(谣言)”；set up“竖起， 建起 安装 设立, 开办 资助(某人), 扶持(某人)建立事业”；set down “放下, 搁下 让(乘客)下车; 把(东西)卸下车 记下, 登记”。根据题意，选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分set off，set about，set up，set down的含义。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】定冠词；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：我出生的那个村庄已经成了一个小镇。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词，本题涉及定冠词和不定冠词的应用。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语的应用。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你提前让我知道你是否回来，我会很感激。I'd appreciate it if/when/that…是固定句式，appreciate后跟接if或when从句时，其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句式，掌握I'd appreciate it if/when/that…。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在他呆在西安期间，Jerry几乎尝遍了所有的朋友推荐的当地食品。题干中的tried动作在过去发生，朋友“推荐”动作应该发生在tried动作之前，表示“过去的过去”用过去完成时。故此处选B。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们呆在家里，但是此事由她选择，她不再是个孩子了。would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式，表示动作发生在现在或将来，用had+过去分词表是动作发生在过去。根据后一句中的is可知此处动词用过去式，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，以及would rather的应用，本题涉及对现在事实的假设。
19．【答案】B
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我问他们的名字之前，这对年轻夫妇返还了我的钱包就离开了。所填词引导时间状语从句，意思是“在……之前”，选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句的应用。
20．【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我的书《The House of Hales》丢了。可能是谁拿走了？need用在情态动词，只用在否定句和疑问句中，“必要”；must“必须”，表示肯定推测，用在肯定句中；should“应该、竟然”；could“能够、可能”。题干中的说话人书丢了，应该是猜测可能是谁拿走了，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分need，must，should，could的含义和用法。
21．【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）D；（7）B；（8）C；（9）D；（10）A；（11）B；（12）C；（13）B；（14）D；（15）B；（16）A；（17）D；（18）B；（19）A；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲节那一天我和儿子去超市，在出口出看见了一位老人摔倒在地。儿子给她买了花表示同情。而我在这一天我收到了母亲节最好的礼物。
（1）考查动词。leave“离开”；drive“驾车”；move“移动”；stop“停止”；当我们正要离开的时候，我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处，头部撞到了地上。他们去出口，说明他们要回家了。故A正确。
（2）考查形容词。injured“受伤的”；awkward“笨拙的”；honest “诚实的”；elderly“年老的”；根据6空后the elderly couple可知她是一个老人。我们意识到就在几分钟前一位老妇人摔倒在入口处，头部撞到了地上。故D正确。
（3）考查名词。根据6空后the elderly couple可知他们是一对夫妻一起出来的，那么是她的丈夫和她在一起。故A正确。
（4）考查副词。Specifically “特别地”；Particularly“尤其地”；Interestingly“有趣地”；Fortunately“幸运地”。她流了很多血，到处都是。这让她很尴尬，但是幸运地是很多人都停下了帮助她。很多人都帮助她，这真是幸运的事情。故D正确。
（5）考查连词。If“如果”；Since“自从”；While“当...…时”；然而；Unless“除非，如果...…不…...”。当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候，我儿子很担心这位老人。根据句中的were walking…说明应该使用while。故C正确。
（6）考查形容词。guilty“内疚的，有罪的”；curious“好奇的”；angry“生气的”；worried“担心的”。当我们朝着事发地点走过去的时候，我儿子很担心这位老人。根据下文他给他们买花说明他很担心同情他们。故D正确。
（7）考查动词。complain“抱怨”；say“说”；lie“说谎”；respond“回应”。儿子对我说：妈妈，在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。say to sb“对某人说”，故B正确。
（8）考查代词。no one“没有人”；someone“某个人”；everyone“所有人”；anyone“任何人”。儿子对我说：妈妈，在很多人面前摔倒可不是好玩的事情。老人摔倒是所有人都看到的。故C正确。
（9）考查动词。lend“ 借出”；bring“带来”;leave“离开”；buy“购买”。为什么不给她买一束花呢？这会让她感觉好起来。本句是儿子对我的建议。故D正确。
（10）考查形容词。amazed“惊讶的”；shocked“震惊的”；puzzled “困惑的”；concerned“担心的”；我很惊讶他能够想起这样一个很好的想法。儿子才5岁，就能够想起这个主意，让我很惊讶。故A正确。
（11）考查形容词。wise“明智的”；sweet“甜的；愉快的，快乐的；温柔的，亲切的；芳香的”；innocent“无辜的，幼稚的”；crazy“疯狂的”。五岁的孩子能够想出这样一个让人愉快的主意真让人惊讶。故B正确。
（12）考查连词。本句是一个宾语从句，作为动词told的宾语，在宾语从句中what既引导起这个宾语从句，也在句中做动词want的宾语。我们故事卖花的人我们想要的东西。故C正确。
（13）考查情态动词。must not“禁止，千万不能”；can't“不可能”；may not“也许不”；needn't“不需要，不必”。买花的人：我们不能收你的钱，因为你做的是一件很棒的事情。根据句义说明can't符合上下文串联。
（14）考查名词。scene“场景，风景”；habit“习惯”；flower“花”；deed“行为”。儿子买花给老人向他们表示同情这是很棒的行为。故D正确。
（15）考查短语。check“核对”；look after“照顾”；operate on“做手术”；pay for“付钱”。救护人员已经到场了，正在照顾这位受伤的老人。根据句义可知救护人员来了，应该是为了照顾这老人。故B正确。
（16）考查介词。from“来自”；to“向，给”；with“和”；about“关于”。我把花送给了老人的丈夫，告诉他这个花是我的儿子送的。本句中的from表示花的来源。故A正确。
（17）考查形容词。.respectful“尊敬的”；cheerful“兴高采烈的”；successful“成功的”；wonderful“很棒的”。老人哭着对我说：谢谢你，你有一个很棒的儿子。母亲节快乐。故D正确。
（18）考查介词短语。Out of“出于”；Regardless of“不管不顾”；Thanks to“多亏”；As to“至于，关于”。老人的丈夫朝我鞠躬，并把花给了他的妻子，告诉她花是我的儿子送的。尽管受了伤，他的妻子还是带着爱意看着我的儿子，朝着他微笑。故B正确。
（19）考查名词。love“爱”；hope“希望”；pity“遗憾”；pain“痛苦”。儿子给她送花，她认为我的儿子很出色，很喜欢我的儿子，所以是眼带爱意看着他。故A正确。
（20）考查名词。idea“主意，想法”；money“钱”；smile“微笑”；comfort“安慰”。老人眼带笑意看着我的儿子并朝他微笑。故C正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词、形容词、名词、副词、连词、代词、情态动词以及介词短语的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
22．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍世界淡水资源枯竭是几乎每个国家都面临这个难题。第一幅图片介绍世界上的森林面积；第二图接啊少淡水资源；第三幅图介绍人均淡水资源。
（1）考查细节理解。第三幅图片WATER PER PERSON处Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per person（2011）WORLD AVERAGE 6,122可知世界人均淡水资源的是6122平方千米，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二幅图中RENEWABLE WATER Freshwater resource, cubic kilometers per year（2011）下面几个国家和地区的排名，巴西在最前面，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第一幅图片FOREST，Percentage of total land area covered by forests（2011）可知森林覆盖的面积，下面几个国家和地区的排名进行，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
23．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】人物故事类；词义猜测题；细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位处于贫困中的母亲在发现O.Henry书稿时没有私藏，而是转交给作者的父亲，作者的父亲让专家鉴定后将书稿卖的钱如数给小女孩的母亲，生病的孩子得救了。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, ‘By O.Henry'”可知那位小女孩的母亲一天打扫阁楼上发现布满尘土的旧手稿，手稿上写着O.Henry的签名，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O.Henry had once lived in Houston.”可知我父亲从没有听说过这个故事，但是他知道O.Henry曾住在Houston，故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据前文作者的父亲找到一位专家应是“证明”是O.Henry的作品。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“My father then set out to sell it”我父亲然后出发去把它卖掉，可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国和法国的生活方式的不同，以及他们的生活方式与肥胖之间的关系。作者以为什么美国人在与肥胖作斗争而法国人享受着美食且保持身材苗条引出话题，并展开讨论。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”...the French see eating as an important part of their life style.“可知法国人将饮食当作生活的一部分，故选C。
（2）考查主旨大意。通读全文主要介绍了美国和法国的生活方式的不同，而且美国的饮食宜造成肥胖，而法国的饮食可保持身体苗条，也就是主要介绍的生活方式与肥胖之间的关系，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。通读全文。作者在第一段以为什么美国人在与肥胖作斗争而法国人享受着美食且保持身材苗条引出话题，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。本文主要介绍了美国和法国生活方式的不同以及带来的体型变化等，故应是来源于健康报告。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
25．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍孩子学校体育节中的竞争性运动会给孩子带来的伤害，并希望用其他的运动来代替竞争性的运动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”my 11-year-old had stomach pains.“我11岁的孩子得了胃痛，可知选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”...that it is a tradition of school life.“可知这是学校生活的一种传统，故选B。
（3）考查判断推理。根据第二段中的”For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩梦）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease.“可知竞争性的体育运动可能给不同的孩子带来不一样的结果，故选B。
（4）考查判断推理。根据最后一段中的”I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event.“体育节应被取消或者用竞争性小一些的运动代替，可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
26．【答案】C；F；D；A；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇情景交际。
（1）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据答语中的I'm reading a tourist guide to Europe判断选C。
（2）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据前文的George话判断，他对欧洲感兴趣，并在读欧洲指南，再根据下文的”I'm looking forward to such a trip“判断选F。
（3）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据上句话，Linda已经去过欧洲，Geogre要询问她什么时间去的欧洲，再根据答语Two years ago判断选D。
（4）考查情景交际及语境理解。根据问话以及空后的叙述，说明Linda喜欢欧洲，故选A。
（5）考查情景交际及语境理解。听了Linda的介绍，和Geogre的Sounds great说明Geogre决定去欧洲旅游了，故选G。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
27．【答案】B；C；A；F；D
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍校运动会给孩子带来的伤害，并希望用其他的运动来代替竞争性的运动。
①考查语境理解及主题句。根据第一段中的“的water in short supply，pollution is worsening，no affordable housing”判断选B。
②考查上下文的语境理解。根据第二段中的“Tourism is the world's largest and fastest industry”判断选C。
③考查上下文的语境理解。根据第三段中的“The host country may not see many benefits”判断可知选A。.
④考查上下文的语境理解。根据该段主要叙述了旅游带来的问题和解决办法，故选F。
⑤考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文提到的旅游所带来的诸多问题，通读全段，提醒发展中国家应慎重对待旅游问题。故选D。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
28．【答案】（1）spring
（2）tenth
（3）prefer
（4）waste
（5）brave
（6）download
（7）disagreed
（8）equally
（9）depth
（10）applicants
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】根据各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词写出对应单词的正确、完整形式。
（1）句意：春天的前几周通常是冷的。of this spring作weeks的定语。填 spring。
（2）句意：乘电梯到十层，你就会发现体育馆。序数词一般有定冠词the修饰。填tenth。
（3）句意：如果你愿意，我们可你出去吃饭。但是我宁愿呆在家里。would后跟动词原形。故填prefer。
（4）句意：记住浪费食物是可耻的。to后跟动词原形，不定式短语作宾语从句的真正主语。故填waste。
（5）句意：Mary 很勇敢，停职开办自己的商业。brave形容词作表语，故填brave。
（6）句意：我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了从网上下载。to后跟动词原形，how与不定式连用作learned的宾语。故填download。
（7）句意：他们不能达成协议，因为他们互不认同。主句是过去时，从句也应用过去时。故填disagreed。
（8）句意：男女必须在教育和工作上平等。副词修饰treated。故填equally。
（9）句意：2012年6月27日，蛟龙在太平洋到达了7062米的深度。deep的名词形式为depth。故填depth。
（10）句意：当地报纸招聘工程师的广告吸引了许多人。空前有many修饰，用名词的复数形式。故填applicants。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，结合括号内的提示，写出正确的单词形式。
29．【答案】①加to ; ②come改为came ； ③have改为having ； ④immediate改为immediately； ⑤on改为at ； ⑥Neither改为None； ⑦was改为were ； ⑧删除were或looked ； ⑨and改为but； ⑩a改为an。
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了跟父亲第一次露营的经历 。
①考查固定短语。句意：他想要教我关于动物、昆虫和树的事情。want to do sth.固定短语“想要做某事”，故wanted 后加 to。
② 考查时态。根据文章第一句中when I was seven可知本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时,故将come改为came 。
③ 考查分词做状语。本句中动词have与主句主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语在句中充当伴随状语，故将have改为having。
④考查副词。在英语中通常使用副词充当状语，修饰谓语动词。本句中使用immediately修饰谓语动词jumped up.句意：我的叔叔们立刻跳了起来，把箭射向了那只鸟。故将immediate改为immediately。
⑤考查介词。固定搭配shoot at…朝…射击；句意：我的叔叔立刻跳了起来，把箭射向了那只鸟。故将on改为at。
⑥ 考查代词。动词neither指两者都不；而none通常指三者或三者以上中一个也没有。根据上文可知叔叔们射向鸟的箭很多，所以使用none表示否定。故将Neither改为None。
⑦ 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是the arrows，这是复数形式，使用谓语动词也应该使用复数were。故将was改为were 。
⑧ 考查语态。短语look like看起来像…；其中的look是系动词，没有被动语态。故删除were或looked。
⑨考查连词。句意：我们奔跑逃脱，幸运的是没有人受伤。根据上下文句意可知没有转折关系，只表示上下文的顺接，所以使用并列连词and。故将and改为but。
⑩考查冠词。形容词impressive是以元音音素开始的，所以使用an修饰，故将a改为an。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词短语，时态，现在分词，副词，介词，代词，主谓一致，语态，连词和冠词等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
30．【答案】Dear American Guest,
On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities. As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today. The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. The programme consists of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story telling and so on. The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in some activities. I hope we students will benefit from your presence. I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇材料作文，材料非常简单，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇欢迎词，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.表示对客人的欢迎；2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3.表达对客人的祝愿。考生在写作之前必修认真审题，首先要注意文章的时态，要求是对美国代表团的欢迎词，所以要用一般现在时。考生成文时应注意：1. 结构上：采用三段成文，第一段欢迎美国朋友的到来；第二段介绍英语周的活动；第三段表达愿望：希望获准。2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. 不定式作表语；I hope we students will benefit from your presence.运用了宾语从句。
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