2015年高考英语真题试卷（安徽卷）

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2015年高考英语真题试卷（安徽卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·安徽）— Can you come to a party on Saturday, Peter
— Oh, ______I'm already going out, I'm afraid.
A．what a pity! B．don't ask!
C．how come D．so what
2．（2015·安徽）If you come to visit China, you will ______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.
A．develop B．create C．substitute D．experience
3．（2015·安徽） ______ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
A．Once B．Since C．Though D．Unless
4．（2015·安徽）Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ______ my bank in the cafe.
A．have left B．had left
C．would leave D．was leaving
5．（2015·安徽） A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ______ ships are built for.
A．what B．whom C．why D．when
6．（2015·安徽）I'm so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
A．special B．superior C．grateful D．attractive
7．（2015·安徽）________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A．Ignore B．Ignoring C．Ignored D．Having ignored
8．（2015·安徽）Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______school education depends.
A．it B．that C．whose D．which
9．（2015·安徽） It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.
A．will be building B．will be built
C．has been building D．has been built
10．（2015·安徽）There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
A．thought B．support
C．protection D．authority
11．（2015·安徽）They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies.
A．legally B．sincerely
C．personally D．deliberately
12．（2015·安徽）It is lucky we booked a room，or we________nowhere to stay now.
A．had B．had had C．would have D．would have had
13．（2015·安徽）They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
A．out of date B．out of order
C．around the clock D．around the corner
14．（2015·安徽）_____ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
A．Where B．As C．In case D．Now that
15．（2015·安徽）— How is your table tennis these days Still playing
—______. I just don't seem to find the time these days.
A．That's right B．No, not much C．That's great D．Don't worry
二、完形填空
16．（2015·安徽）阅读下列短文,从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The （1） is that countries around the world have growing mountains of （2） because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we （3） a throwaway society First of all, it is now easier to （4） an object than to spend time and money to repair it （5） modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and （6）
Another cause is our （7） of disposable(一次性的) products. As （8） people, we are always looking for （9） to save time and make our lives panies （10） thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also （11） to the problem.We are （12） buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that （13） is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we （14） useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the （15） of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To （16） the amount of rubbish and to protect the （17） ,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials （18） this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions （19） throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about （20） Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
（1）A．key B．reason C．project D．problem
（2）A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products
（3）A．face B．become C．observe D．change
（4）A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw
（5）A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of
（6）A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful
（7）A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division
（8）A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy
（9）A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends
（10）A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve
（11）A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes
（12）A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for
（13）A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger
（14）A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away
（15）A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences
（16）A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure
（17）A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands
（18）A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
（19）A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of
（20）A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing oneperson. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.
Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.
Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."
Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.
（1）Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.
A．the strength of family unity B．the difficulty of growing up
C．the advantage of chopsticks D．the best way of giving a lesson
（2）We can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.
A．started a business in 1975
B．left Vietnam without much money
C．bought a restaurant in San Francisco
D．opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles
（3）What can we infer about the An daughters
A．They did not finish their college education.
B．They could not bear to work in the family business.
C．They were influenced by what Helene taught them.
D．They were troubled by disagreement among family members.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．How to Run a Corporation B．Strength Comes from Peace
C．How to Achieve a Big Dream D．Family Unity Builds Success
18．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information an the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
（1）The passage begins with two questions to ________.
A．introduce the main topic B．show the author's altitude
C．describe how to use the Interne D．explain how to store information
（2）What can we learn about the first experiment
A．Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the formation.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
（3）In transactive memory, people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
（4）What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
19．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
（1）We can learn from the passage that ants are ____________.
A．not willing to share food
B．not found around the poles
C．more successful than all other animals
D．too many to achieve any level of organization
（2）Ants can use pheromones for______.
A．escape B．communication
C．warning enemies D．arranging labor
（3）What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Accept. B．Employ. C．Play with. D．Fight against.
（4）Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants
A．Their behavior. B．Their size.
C．Their number. D．Their weight
20．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
（1）According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A．indicates a lack of food
B．can help to develop unity
C．is a custom unique to rural areas
D．has its roots in birthday celebrations
（2）What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year
A．Trust. B．Success. C．Health. D．Togetherness.
（3）The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A．using examples B．making comparisons
C．analyzing causes D．describing processes
（4）What is the passage mainly about
A．The custom of sharing food. B．The specific meaning of food.
C．The role of food in ceremonies. D．The importance of food in culture.
四、任务型阅读
21．（2015·安徽）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they'll probably start a conversation. "Hot today, isn't it "one might say. "You said it." another replies.
Why do we talk so much about the weather When we meet new people, we don't begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Small talk even helps people get hired. In order to impress at a job interview, you need to bond with the interviewer right away. Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job.
So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job First off, find common ground. Select something around you that you share with the other person.
Next, keep the conversation pliment (赞美) the other person to make himor her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest.
Third, keep eye contact (接触). When you look people in the eye, they feel you appreciate what they are saying. It makes you appear honest and builds trust.
Naturally, shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers. Talking to someone you don't know is not the easiest thing to do! Some experts say with more practice, small talk does get easier.
Some people avoid small talk because they dislike discussing things like traffic or weather. For them, they are just too small. However, when you think about it, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a very big deal!
Title Small Talk: A Big 　 　
Introduction We are likely to make small talk when we　 　 meet people.
　 　 Small talk can help people form 　 　friendships.
Small talk can also help people get a 　 　 .
Advice Find some topics 　 　 with the other person.
Keep the talk going by making compliments and 　 　 questions. Keep eye contact in conversation to build 　 　.
　 　 more in order to make small talk easier.
Conclusion Small talk really　 　 a lot to us.
五、书面表达
22．（2015·安徽）某英文杂志正在举办以"Fancy yourself as an interviewer"为主题的征文活动，请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview" 为题，写一篇英语短文。
内容包括：1. 采访的对象；2. 采访的原因；3. 想提的问题。
注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；4. 短文的标题已给出，不计人总词数。
A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：皮特。你周六能参加聚会么？-噢，真遗憾！，A,真遗憾，B别问了，C怎么会？D那又怎样？根据句意可知，这里指可能参加不了聚会，因此选A
【点评】这一道题考查交际用语，命题贴近生活实际，考生容易联系生活事假进行解答，要上下文联系分析
2．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你来中国旅游，你将会体验到一种有深度和多样化的文化。A.develop” 发展，培养“；B.create”创造“；C. substitute”代替“；D. experience”经历“。根据题意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分develop，create，substitute，experience的含义。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】连词；引导让步状语从句的连词；让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然科学家已经了解到很多有关宇宙的知识，但是，对于我们来说，仍然还有很多未解之谜．A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或转折，故选c
【点评】本题考查让步状语从句做状语的题目，首先要理解句意，然后再判断前后分句的逻辑关系，比如转折、条件、原因、时间等
4．【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时；宾语从句的时态
【解析】【分析】我刚―到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了，realized后省略that这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B
【点评】本题考查时态，宾语从句的“三要素”是连接词、时态和语序．连接词主要可分为三种，宾语从句用陈述句语序：宾语从句的时态要与主句保持一致，发生在“过去的过去”的动作，用过去完成时
5．【答案】A
【知识点】表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn't后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词what引导的表语从句。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A.special”特殊的“；B. superior”优秀的，比......好的“；C.grateful”感激的“；D.attractive”有吸引力的“。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分special，superior，grateful，attractive的含义。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最严重的错误之一。句子缺少主语，ignore的逻辑主语是you，两者是主谓关系，因此用动名词做主语，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词短语作主语的应用。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能，it不能引导定语从句，that不用于介词之后，whose作定语，其后需有名词，介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词，故选D，
【点评】定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，有逗号隔开的是非限制性后语从句，定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词
9．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。根据“in years to come”可知用将来时，space station和build是动宾关系，应该使用被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态和语态，本题涉及一般将来时的被动语态。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我A思考；B支持；c保护；D权威当局．这里指让对方再好好想想，故选A。
【点评】本题考查名词辨析该种题型要求学生积累一定的词汇量，四个词的意思分别是“思考”；“支持”；“保护”和“权威”；其次，做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑．根据第一句和“and then let me know可知，现在不急着告诉“我”答案，由此可知是让对方再想想。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们给那位老人的家里捐钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。A合法地；B真诚地；C亲自当面地，个人而言；D故意地故选C，
【点评】本题考查副词辨析，需要考生认识所给的四个副词，之后才能结合句意选出正确答案四个词的意思是“合法地”；“真诚地”；“个人地”和“故意地”．根据“0r through their companies可以判断空白处指的是“以个人的名义”
12．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，or后面是主句，相当于if we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would+动词原形，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去事实的假设。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多好的方面的变化。A过时的；B发生故障的；C昼夜不停地；D即将来临。故选D。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】引导地点状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：曾经让他感到想放弃的地方，现在他决心继续前进where表示地点，引导让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he has；in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句的应用。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：—你的乒乓球练得怎样了？还在练习吗？—没怎么练。我现在似乎没有时间练习。A.That's right“是的，没错”；B.No, not much“没，没怎么打”；C.That's great“真棒”；D.Don't worry“别担心”。根据题意，选B。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分That's right，No, not much，That's great，Don't worry的含义和使用环境。
16．【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）B；（4）C；（5）A；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。
（1）考查名词。A. key“答案”；B. reason“原因”；C. project“项目”；D. problem“问题”。句意：问题是世界各国日益堆积如山的垃圾。故选D。
（2）考查名词。A. gifts“礼物”；B. rubbish“垃圾”；C. debt“债务”；D. products“产品”。根据下文中的“throwing out more rubbish”可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。
（3）考查动词。A. face“面对”；B. become“成为”；C. observe“观察”；D. change“改变”。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会？故选B。（4）考查动词。A. hide“隐藏”；B. control“控制”；C. replace“代替”；D. withdraw“撤退”。句意：首先，现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。故选C。
（5）考查介词短语。A. Thanks to“幸亏，由于”； B. As to“至于，关于”；C. Except for“除……之外”；D. Regardless of“不管，不顾”。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。 故选A。
（6）考查形容词。A. safe“安全的”；B. funny“滑稽可笑的”；C. cheap“便宜的”；D. powerful“强大的，强有力的”。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。
（7）考查名词。A. love“爱”；B. lack“缺乏”；C. prevention“预防，阻止”；D. division“部门，分割”。句意：一次性的另一个原因是我们的爱(一次性的)产品。故选A。
（8）考查形容词。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. kind“和蔼的”；C. brave“勇敢的”；D. busy“忙碌的”。句意：对于忙碌的人而言，我们一直在寻找……来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。故选D。
（9）考查名词。A. ways“方法”；B. places“地方”；C. jobs“工作”；D. friends“朋友”。句意：我们一直在寻找方法来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。故选A。
（10）考查动词。A. donate“捐赠”；B. receive“收到”；C. produce“生产”；D. preserve“保护，维持”。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品，如纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。故选C。
（11）考查固定短语。A. adapts to“适应；改编”；B. returns to“返回；回复”；C. responds to“对……做出反应”；D.contributes to“有助于，导致”。句意：我们的新产品需求也导致一些问题。故选D。
（12）考查固定短语。A. tired of“对……厌倦”；B. addicted to“对……上瘾，迷恋于……”；C. worried about“担心”；D. ashamed for“为……感到惭愧”。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。
（13）考查形容词。A. newer“更新的”；B. stronger“更强的”；C. higher“更高的”；D. larger“更大的”。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。故选A。
（14）考查动词词组。A. pick up“捡起，学会”；B. pay for“付款；赔偿”；C. hold onto“紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住”；D. throw away“扔掉，丢弃”。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。 考查上下文逻辑关系。故选D。
（15）考查名词。A. advantages“优势，优点”；B. purposes“目的”；C. functions“功能”；D. consequences“后果，结果”。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. show“显示，表明”；B. record“记录，记载”；C. decrease“减少”；D. measure“测量，权衡”。句意：为了减少垃圾，保护……，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。故选C。
（17）考查名词。A. technology“技术”；B. environment“环境”；C. consumers“消费者”；D. brands“品牌”。根据语境可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。
（18）考查副词。A. However“可是，然而”；B. Otherwise“否则”；C．Therefore“所以”；D. Meanwhile“与此同时”。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。故选A。
（19）考查介词和介词短语。A. by“通过”；B. in favour of“支持，赞成”；C. after“在……之后”；D. instead of“而不是”。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。故选D。
（20）考查动词。A. spending“消费”；B. collecting“收集”；C. repairing“修复”；D. advertising“作广告”。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，动词，介词、固定短语、副词、形容词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个家族企业的发展历程来强调家庭团结的重要性。Helene和丈夫离开越南时，他们并不富有。Helene给她的女儿讲述了一个关于团结的故事。几双筷子被绑在一起将会很难被折断，家庭亦是如此。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family.This lesson about family unity...”可知，Helene把筷子绑在一起并试着折断它们，是为了显示团结的力量。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱。答案选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Eventually the girls all graduated from college”排除A；根据“the daughters returned to work in the family business”可知，Helene的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“they worked together to make the business successful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D。因此答案选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结).”和第三段中的“to succeed we must have unity”与第四段中的“and they worked together. Now they are a big success.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
18．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】议论文；细节理解题；观点态度题；教育文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。
（1）考查写作意图。根据第一段中的”Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”可知，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.”可知答案选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)"”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
19．【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是蚂蚁。单个的蚂蚁显得微不足道，但成群结队的蚂蚁却蕴含着巨大的力量。蚂蚁的数量之众，加起来可以与人类的重量相媲美。蚂蚁分布极为广泛，除了寒冷的山顶和两极地区，几乎到处都有它们的踪影。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知答案选B，结冰的山顶和两极没有蚂蚁。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素)”可知，我们使用声音和视觉来交流，而蚂蚁却使用外激素。故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知，这里指与比自己大的敌人战斗。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“largely due to their wonderful social behavior”和最后一段中的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,...they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater”可知，蚂蚁之所以能够存活下来，是因为它们的社会行为。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断和三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是食物和文化的关系。不同的文化包含着不同的饮食传统和庆祝方式。食物通过两种基本的方式在扮演着沟通的角色。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.“可知，分享食物可以促进团结和建立信任。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year...“可知，硬币预示着来年的成功。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的”In China, when a baby is one month old...In many cultures, round foods.“可知，作者主要使用了举例的方法来解释食物在庆祝中的角色。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的”and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions“和第四段中的”Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate“及最后一段中的”food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.“可知，文章主要讲的是食物在不同文化中的作用。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
21．【答案】Deal；first；Advantages/Benefits；new；job/position/post；shared；asking/rasing；trust；Practice/Practise；matters/means
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲的时间短对话的重要性，素不相识的人通常以讨论交通状况或天气来开始他们的交谈，做题注意联系上下文提取有效信息，并注意是否需要进行词性转换。
【点评】做任务型阅读，考生需要先浏览表格结构，对空白处所填词的磁性，词形有一个初步的认识，接着需要从文中寻找相关信息，必要时还需要进行词形转换，还要考虑固定打牌，固定句型
22．【答案】A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.
I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.
If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained. I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇命题作文，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类材料作文，内容包括：1. 采访的对象；2. 采访的原因；3. 想提的问题。考生需要根据提示进行写作，必须涵盖所有要点，还要注意语篇的连贯性。注意使用高级词汇和定语从句、倒装、强调等重点语法知识。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。例如：I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.使用了原因状语从句； If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.使用了条件状语从句；I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. 使用了宾语从句；I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.使用了定语从句。
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2015年高考英语真题试卷（安徽卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·安徽）— Can you come to a party on Saturday, Peter
— Oh, ______I'm already going out, I'm afraid.
A．what a pity! B．don't ask!
C．how come D．so what
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：皮特。你周六能参加聚会么？-噢，真遗憾！，A,真遗憾，B别问了，C怎么会？D那又怎样？根据句意可知，这里指可能参加不了聚会，因此选A
【点评】这一道题考查交际用语，命题贴近生活实际，考生容易联系生活事假进行解答，要上下文联系分析
2．（2015·安徽）If you come to visit China, you will ______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.
A．develop B．create C．substitute D．experience
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你来中国旅游，你将会体验到一种有深度和多样化的文化。A.develop” 发展，培养“；B.create”创造“；C. substitute”代替“；D. experience”经历“。根据题意，选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分develop，create，substitute，experience的含义。
3．（2015·安徽） ______ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
A．Once B．Since C．Though D．Unless
【答案】C
【知识点】连词；引导让步状语从句的连词；让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然科学家已经了解到很多有关宇宙的知识，但是，对于我们来说，仍然还有很多未解之谜．A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或转折，故选c
【点评】本题考查让步状语从句做状语的题目，首先要理解句意，然后再判断前后分句的逻辑关系，比如转折、条件、原因、时间等
4．（2015·安徽）Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ______ my bank in the cafe.
A．have left B．had left
C．would leave D．was leaving
【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时；宾语从句的时态
【解析】【分析】我刚―到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了，realized后省略that这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B
【点评】本题考查时态，宾语从句的“三要素”是连接词、时态和语序．连接词主要可分为三种，宾语从句用陈述句语序：宾语从句的时态要与主句保持一致，发生在“过去的过去”的动作，用过去完成时
5．（2015·安徽） A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ______ ships are built for.
A．what B．whom C．why D．when
【答案】A
【知识点】表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn't后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词what引导的表语从句。
6．（2015·安徽）I'm so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
A．special B．superior C．grateful D．attractive
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A.special”特殊的“；B. superior”优秀的，比......好的“；C.grateful”感激的“；D.attractive”有吸引力的“。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分special，superior，grateful，attractive的含义。
7．（2015·安徽）________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A．Ignore B．Ignoring C．Ignored D．Having ignored
【答案】B
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最严重的错误之一。句子缺少主语，ignore的逻辑主语是you，两者是主谓关系，因此用动名词做主语，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词短语作主语的应用。
8．（2015·安徽）Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______school education depends.
A．it B．that C．whose D．which
【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能，it不能引导定语从句，that不用于介词之后，whose作定语，其后需有名词，介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词，故选D，
【点评】定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，有逗号隔开的是非限制性后语从句，定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词
9．（2015·安徽） It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.
A．will be building B．will be built
C．has been building D．has been built
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。根据“in years to come”可知用将来时，space station和build是动宾关系，应该使用被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态和语态，本题涉及一般将来时的被动语态。
10．（2015·安徽）There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
A．thought B．support
C．protection D．authority
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我A思考；B支持；c保护；D权威当局．这里指让对方再好好想想，故选A。
【点评】本题考查名词辨析该种题型要求学生积累一定的词汇量，四个词的意思分别是“思考”；“支持”；“保护”和“权威”；其次，做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑．根据第一句和“and then let me know可知，现在不急着告诉“我”答案，由此可知是让对方再想想。
11．（2015·安徽）They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies.
A．legally B．sincerely
C．personally D．deliberately
【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们给那位老人的家里捐钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。A合法地；B真诚地；C亲自当面地，个人而言；D故意地故选C，
【点评】本题考查副词辨析，需要考生认识所给的四个副词，之后才能结合句意选出正确答案四个词的意思是“合法地”；“真诚地”；“个人地”和“故意地”．根据“0r through their companies可以判断空白处指的是“以个人的名义”
12．（2015·安徽）It is lucky we booked a room，or we________nowhere to stay now.
A．had B．had had C．would have D．would have had
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，or后面是主句，相当于if we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would+动词原形，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去事实的假设。
13．（2015·安徽）They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
A．out of date B．out of order
C．around the clock D．around the corner
【答案】D
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多好的方面的变化。A过时的；B发生故障的；C昼夜不停地；D即将来临。故选D。
14．（2015·安徽）_____ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
A．Where B．As C．In case D．Now that
【答案】A
【知识点】引导地点状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：曾经让他感到想放弃的地方，现在他决心继续前进where表示地点，引导让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he has；in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句的应用。
15．（2015·安徽）— How is your table tennis these days Still playing
—______. I just don't seem to find the time these days.
A．That's right B．No, not much C．That's great D．Don't worry
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：—你的乒乓球练得怎样了？还在练习吗？—没怎么练。我现在似乎没有时间练习。A.That's right“是的，没错”；B.No, not much“没，没怎么打”；C.That's great“真棒”；D.Don't worry“别担心”。根据题意，选B。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分That's right，No, not much，That's great，Don't worry的含义和使用环境。
二、完形填空
16．（2015·安徽）阅读下列短文,从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The （1） is that countries around the world have growing mountains of （2） because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we （3） a throwaway society First of all, it is now easier to （4） an object than to spend time and money to repair it （5） modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and （6）
Another cause is our （7） of disposable(一次性的) products. As （8） people, we are always looking for （9） to save time and make our lives panies （10） thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also （11） to the problem.We are （12） buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that （13） is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we （14） useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the （15） of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To （16） the amount of rubbish and to protect the （17） ,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials （18） this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions （19） throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about （20） Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
（1）A．key B．reason C．project D．problem
（2）A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products
（3）A．face B．become C．observe D．change
（4）A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw
（5）A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of
（6）A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful
（7）A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division
（8）A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy
（9）A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends
（10）A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve
（11）A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes
（12）A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for
（13）A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger
（14）A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away
（15）A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences
（16）A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure
（17）A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands
（18）A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
（19）A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of
（20）A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising
【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）B；（4）C；（5）A；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。
（1）考查名词。A. key“答案”；B. reason“原因”；C. project“项目”；D. problem“问题”。句意：问题是世界各国日益堆积如山的垃圾。故选D。
（2）考查名词。A. gifts“礼物”；B. rubbish“垃圾”；C. debt“债务”；D. products“产品”。根据下文中的“throwing out more rubbish”可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。
（3）考查动词。A. face“面对”；B. become“成为”；C. observe“观察”；D. change“改变”。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会？故选B。（4）考查动词。A. hide“隐藏”；B. control“控制”；C. replace“代替”；D. withdraw“撤退”。句意：首先，现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。故选C。
（5）考查介词短语。A. Thanks to“幸亏，由于”； B. As to“至于，关于”；C. Except for“除……之外”；D. Regardless of“不管，不顾”。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。 故选A。
（6）考查形容词。A. safe“安全的”；B. funny“滑稽可笑的”；C. cheap“便宜的”；D. powerful“强大的，强有力的”。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。
（7）考查名词。A. love“爱”；B. lack“缺乏”；C. prevention“预防，阻止”；D. division“部门，分割”。句意：一次性的另一个原因是我们的爱(一次性的)产品。故选A。
（8）考查形容词。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. kind“和蔼的”；C. brave“勇敢的”；D. busy“忙碌的”。句意：对于忙碌的人而言，我们一直在寻找……来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。故选D。
（9）考查名词。A. ways“方法”；B. places“地方”；C. jobs“工作”；D. friends“朋友”。句意：我们一直在寻找方法来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。故选A。
（10）考查动词。A. donate“捐赠”；B. receive“收到”；C. produce“生产”；D. preserve“保护，维持”。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品，如纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。故选C。
（11）考查固定短语。A. adapts to“适应；改编”；B. returns to“返回；回复”；C. responds to“对……做出反应”；D.contributes to“有助于，导致”。句意：我们的新产品需求也导致一些问题。故选D。
（12）考查固定短语。A. tired of“对……厌倦”；B. addicted to“对……上瘾，迷恋于……”；C. worried about“担心”；D. ashamed for“为……感到惭愧”。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。
（13）考查形容词。A. newer“更新的”；B. stronger“更强的”；C. higher“更高的”；D. larger“更大的”。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。故选A。
（14）考查动词词组。A. pick up“捡起，学会”；B. pay for“付款；赔偿”；C. hold onto“紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住”；D. throw away“扔掉，丢弃”。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。 考查上下文逻辑关系。故选D。
（15）考查名词。A. advantages“优势，优点”；B. purposes“目的”；C. functions“功能”；D. consequences“后果，结果”。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. show“显示，表明”；B. record“记录，记载”；C. decrease“减少”；D. measure“测量，权衡”。句意：为了减少垃圾，保护……，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。故选C。
（17）考查名词。A. technology“技术”；B. environment“环境”；C. consumers“消费者”；D. brands“品牌”。根据语境可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。
（18）考查副词。A. However“可是，然而”；B. Otherwise“否则”；C．Therefore“所以”；D. Meanwhile“与此同时”。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。故选A。
（19）考查介词和介词短语。A. by“通过”；B. in favour of“支持，赞成”；C. after“在……之后”；D. instead of“而不是”。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。故选D。
（20）考查动词。A. spending“消费”；B. collecting“收集”；C. repairing“修复”；D. advertising“作广告”。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，动词，介词、固定短语、副词、形容词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing oneperson. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.
Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.
Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."
Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.
（1）Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.
A．the strength of family unity B．the difficulty of growing up
C．the advantage of chopsticks D．the best way of giving a lesson
（2）We can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.
A．started a business in 1975
B．left Vietnam without much money
C．bought a restaurant in San Francisco
D．opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles
（3）What can we infer about the An daughters
A．They did not finish their college education.
B．They could not bear to work in the family business.
C．They were influenced by what Helene taught them.
D．They were troubled by disagreement among family members.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．How to Run a Corporation B．Strength Comes from Peace
C．How to Achieve a Big Dream D．Family Unity Builds Success
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个家族企业的发展历程来强调家庭团结的重要性。Helene和丈夫离开越南时，他们并不富有。Helene给她的女儿讲述了一个关于团结的故事。几双筷子被绑在一起将会很难被折断，家庭亦是如此。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family.This lesson about family unity...”可知，Helene把筷子绑在一起并试着折断它们，是为了显示团结的力量。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱。答案选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Eventually the girls all graduated from college”排除A；根据“the daughters returned to work in the family business”可知，Helene的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“they worked together to make the business successful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D。因此答案选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结).”和第三段中的“to succeed we must have unity”与第四段中的“and they worked together. Now they are a big success.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
18．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information an the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
（1）The passage begins with two questions to ________.
A．introduce the main topic B．show the author's altitude
C．describe how to use the Interne D．explain how to store information
（2）What can we learn about the first experiment
A．Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the formation.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
（3）In transactive memory, people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
（4）What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】议论文；细节理解题；观点态度题；教育文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。
（1）考查写作意图。根据第一段中的”Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”可知，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.”可知答案选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)"”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
19．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
（1）We can learn from the passage that ants are ____________.
A．not willing to share food
B．not found around the poles
C．more successful than all other animals
D．too many to achieve any level of organization
（2）Ants can use pheromones for______.
A．escape B．communication
C．warning enemies D．arranging labor
（3）What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Accept. B．Employ. C．Play with. D．Fight against.
（4）Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants
A．Their behavior. B．Their size.
C．Their number. D．Their weight
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是蚂蚁。单个的蚂蚁显得微不足道，但成群结队的蚂蚁却蕴含着巨大的力量。蚂蚁的数量之众，加起来可以与人类的重量相媲美。蚂蚁分布极为广泛，除了寒冷的山顶和两极地区，几乎到处都有它们的踪影。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知答案选B，结冰的山顶和两极没有蚂蚁。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素)”可知，我们使用声音和视觉来交流，而蚂蚁却使用外激素。故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知，这里指与比自己大的敌人战斗。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“largely due to their wonderful social behavior”和最后一段中的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,...they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater”可知，蚂蚁之所以能够存活下来，是因为它们的社会行为。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断和三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．（2015·安徽）阅读理解
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
（1）According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A．indicates a lack of food
B．can help to develop unity
C．is a custom unique to rural areas
D．has its roots in birthday celebrations
（2）What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year
A．Trust. B．Success. C．Health. D．Togetherness.
（3）The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A．using examples B．making comparisons
C．analyzing causes D．describing processes
（4）What is the passage mainly about
A．The custom of sharing food. B．The specific meaning of food.
C．The role of food in ceremonies. D．The importance of food in culture.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是食物和文化的关系。不同的文化包含着不同的饮食传统和庆祝方式。食物通过两种基本的方式在扮演着沟通的角色。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.“可知，分享食物可以促进团结和建立信任。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year...“可知，硬币预示着来年的成功。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的”In China, when a baby is one month old...In many cultures, round foods.“可知，作者主要使用了举例的方法来解释食物在庆祝中的角色。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的”and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions“和第四段中的”Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate“及最后一段中的”food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.“可知，文章主要讲的是食物在不同文化中的作用。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、任务型阅读
21．（2015·安徽）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they'll probably start a conversation. "Hot today, isn't it "one might say. "You said it." another replies.
Why do we talk so much about the weather When we meet new people, we don't begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Small talk even helps people get hired. In order to impress at a job interview, you need to bond with the interviewer right away. Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job.
So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job First off, find common ground. Select something around you that you share with the other person.
Next, keep the conversation pliment (赞美) the other person to make himor her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest.
Third, keep eye contact (接触). When you look people in the eye, they feel you appreciate what they are saying. It makes you appear honest and builds trust.
Naturally, shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers. Talking to someone you don't know is not the easiest thing to do! Some experts say with more practice, small talk does get easier.
Some people avoid small talk because they dislike discussing things like traffic or weather. For them, they are just too small. However, when you think about it, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a very big deal!
Title Small Talk: A Big 　 　
Introduction We are likely to make small talk when we　 　 meet people.
　 　 Small talk can help people form 　 　friendships.
Small talk can also help people get a 　 　 .
Advice Find some topics 　 　 with the other person.
Keep the talk going by making compliments and 　 　 questions. Keep eye contact in conversation to build 　 　.
　 　 more in order to make small talk easier.
Conclusion Small talk really　 　 a lot to us.
【答案】Deal；first；Advantages/Benefits；new；job/position/post；shared；asking/rasing；trust；Practice/Practise；matters/means
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲的时间短对话的重要性，素不相识的人通常以讨论交通状况或天气来开始他们的交谈，做题注意联系上下文提取有效信息，并注意是否需要进行词性转换。
【点评】做任务型阅读，考生需要先浏览表格结构，对空白处所填词的磁性，词形有一个初步的认识，接着需要从文中寻找相关信息，必要时还需要进行词形转换，还要考虑固定打牌，固定句型
五、书面表达
22．（2015·安徽）某英文杂志正在举办以"Fancy yourself as an interviewer"为主题的征文活动，请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview" 为题，写一篇英语短文。
内容包括：1. 采访的对象；2. 采访的原因；3. 想提的问题。
注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；4. 短文的标题已给出，不计人总词数。
A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
【答案】A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.
I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.
If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained. I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇命题作文，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类材料作文，内容包括：1. 采访的对象；2. 采访的原因；3. 想提的问题。考生需要根据提示进行写作，必须涵盖所有要点，还要注意语篇的连贯性。注意使用高级词汇和定语从句、倒装、强调等重点语法知识。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。例如：I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.使用了原因状语从句； If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.使用了条件状语从句；I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. 使用了宾语从句；I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.使用了定语从句。
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