【精品解析】 2015年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）

2015年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·北京）____the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A．Catching. B．Caught. C．To catch. D．Catch
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语的应用。
2．（2015·北京）—Did you enjoy the party
—Yes, we ___ by our hosts.
A．were treated B．would be treated.
C．treated D．had treated
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
3．（2015·北京）The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine.
A．having enjoyed B．enjoyed C．enjoying D．to enjoy
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：公园里都是在阳光想享受的人们，People和enjoy之间构成主动关系，这里用enjoying来修饰people，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作伴随状语的应用。
4．（2015·北京）Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ___you can hear some lovely music.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
【答案】D
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul's Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
5．（2015·北京）He is a shy man，___he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A．so B．but C．or D．as
【答案】B
【知识点】连词
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个害羞的人，但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。A. so“因此”；B. but“但是”；C. or“或者”；D. as“作为”。根据句意，前后句表示转折，因此选择B。
【点评】考查连词辨析，区分so，but，or，as的含义和用法。
6．（2015·北京）In the last few years, China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.
A．has made B．had made C．was making D．is making
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就，由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响用现在完成时，故选A，
【点评】判断时态可以从时间状语入手，题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/for/during the last past years months...均为现在完成时的时间标志，所以做此类题时，需要先看句子中是否有明确的时间点，然后我再判断时态。
7．（2015·北京）—Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house
—Not really. She ___us clear directions and we were able to find it easily
A．was to give B．had given C．was giving D．would give
【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么 ——不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
8．（2015·北京）You won't find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.
A．even if B．as long as C．as if D．ever since
【答案】B
【知识点】引导条件状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。A. even though“即使，虽然”;B. as long as“只要”；C. as if“犹如，好像”；D. ever since“自从”。结合句意，故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及as long as引导的条件状语从句。
9．（2015·北京）—Can't you stay a little longer
—It's getting late. I really _____go now, my daughter is home alone.
A．may B．can C．must D．dare
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗 ——很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may“可能，可以，也许”；B. can“能，会”；C. must“必须，必然要，必定会”；D. dare“敢，胆敢”。结合句意，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分may，can，must，dare的含义和应用。
10．（2015·北京）—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I____ him later.
A．will call B．have called
C．call D．will be calling
【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再打给他。由later可知，表示的是将来要执行的动作，用一般将来时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时的应用。
11．（2015·北京）If ___for the job, you'll be informed soon.
A．to accept B．accept C．accepting D．accepted
【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语的应用。
12．（2015·北京）_____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A．Until B．Unless C．Once D．Although
【答案】C
【知识点】引导条件状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要许多年的时间才能得以恢复。A. until“到……为止，直到……才”；B. unless“如果不，除非”；C. once“一旦，一经……便”；D. although“虽然，然而，尽管”。结合句意，故选C
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及once引导的条件状语从句。
13．（2015·北京）I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A．that B．where C．what D．why
【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句。
14．（2015·北京）If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn't have believed it.
A．didn't see B．weren't seeing C．wouldn't see D．hadn't seen
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn't have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去情况的假设。
15．（2015·北京）_____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A．Where B．How C．Why D．When
【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系副词how引导的主语从句。
二、完形填空
16．（2015·北京）完形填空
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them （1） side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud （2） filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, （3） , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a （4） under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building superintendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all （5） people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their （6） and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and （7） everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a （8） instead ” Dario asked.
They both loved the （9） . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts （10） their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party （11） . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to （12） . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, （13） Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I （14） that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing.”
Dario's mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we （15） you an apology.” she said. “I didn't （16） how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such （17） music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario's mother said. “We will be （18） to play them in the evening.”
“And we won't play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to （19） the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of （20） and made him feel that they were home at last.
（1）A．sat B．stood C．lay D．walked
（2）A．voice B．ring C．music D．cry
（3）A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．instead
（4）A．note B．poster C．bill D．report
（5）A．proud B．rich C．lucky D．nice
（6）A．neighbors B．friends C．relatives D．audience
（7）A．blame B．instruct C．question D．visit
（8）A．party B．concert C．show D．play
（9）A．experience B．idea C．performance D．action
（10）A．to B．with C．for D．from
（11）A．continued B．arrived C．passed D．finished
（12）A．order B．sell C．share D．advertise
（13）A．treated B．presented C．helped D．served
（14）A．promised B．admitted C．agreed D．worried
（15）A．give B．send C．offer D．owe
（16）A．realize B．remember C．understand D．accept
（17）A．sweet B．strange C．funny D．loud
（18）A．brave B．sorry C．happy D．afraid
（19）A．changing B．practicing C．recording D．writing
（20）A．equality B．freedom C．warmth D．sympathy
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）B；（12）C；（13）B；（14）D；（15）D；（16）A；（17）D；（18）C；（19）B；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很晚，影响到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。
（1）考查动词。A. sat“坐”；B. stood“站”；C. lay“躺”； D. walked “走路”。这里指的是坐在钢琴旁。故选A。
（2）考查名词。A. voice“声音”；B. ring“铃声”；C. music“音乐”；D. cry“哭泣”。弹钢琴所以发出的是音乐。故选C。
（3）考查连词。A. therefore“所以”；B. however“然而”；C. otherwise “否则”；D. instead“而不是”。这里表示转折，他们的行为影响了他人，所以说幸福消失了。故选B。
（4）考查名词。A. note“纸条”；B. poster“海报”；C. bil“l账单”；D. report“报告”。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。故选A。
（5）考查形容词。A. proud“骄傲的”；B. rich“富有的”；C. lucky “幸运的”；D. nice“好的”。这里指的是他们人都非常好。故选D。
（6）考查动词。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知，这里是向邻居道歉。故选A。
（7）考查动词。A. blame“责备”；B. instruct“指导”；C. question “质疑”；D. visit“拜访”。这里指的是一个一个的去拜访他们。故选D。
（8）考查名词。A. party“聚会”；B. concert“音乐会”；C. show“展示”；D. play“玩”。这里指的是办一个聚会，邀请邻居。故选A。
（9）考查名词。A. experience“经历”；B. idea“观点，想法”；C. performance “表演”；D. action“行动”。由后文可知，他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。故选B。
（10）考查介词。prepare for“为……做准备”。故选C。
（11）考查动词。A. continued“继续”；B. arrived“到达”；C. passed “通过”；D. finished“完成”。句意：聚会的这一天到了。故选B。
（12）考查动词。A. order“点餐，命令”；B. sell“卖”；C. share“分享”；D. advertise“做广告”。这里指的是有人带来甜点分享。故选C。
（13）考查动词。A. treated“对待”；B. presented“展示”；C. helped“帮助”；D. served“服务”。这里指的是给他的妈妈展示一本音乐书。故选B。
（14）考查动词。A. promised“许诺”；B. admitted“承认”；C. agreed “同意”；D. worried“担心”。句意：我担心你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。故选D。
（15）考查动词。A. give“给”；B. send“发送”；C. offer“提供”；D. owe“欠”。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个道歉。故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. realize“意识到”；B. remember“记得”；C. understand“理解”；D. accept“接受”。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。故选A。
（17）考查形容词。A. sweet“甜蜜的”；B. strange“奇怪的”；C. funny “滑稽的”；D. loud“大声的”。句意：这些音乐不是大声的音乐。故选D。
（18）考查形容词。A. brave“勇敢的”；B. sorry“抱歉”；C. happy “高兴的”；D. afraid “害怕”。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。故选C。
（19）考查动词。A. changing“改变”；B. practicing“练习”；C. recording“记录”；D. writing“写”。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。故选B。
（20）考查名词。A. equality“平等”；B. freedom“自由”；C. warmth “温暖”；D. sympathy“同情”。句意：这使他充满温暖感。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词、连词、介词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·北京）阅读理解
The Boy Made It! One Sunday, Nicholas,a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine．In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area．Unable to see far,he accidentally turned off the path．Before he knew it,Nicholas was lost,all alone!He didn't have food,water,a phone,or other supplies．He was getting colder by the minute．
Nicholas had no idea where he was．He tried not to panic．He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV．It was time to put the tips he had learned to use．
He decided to stop skiing．There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put．The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow．If he didn't,his body temperature would get very low,which could quickly kill him．
Using his skis,Nicholas built a snow cave．He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle．Then he piled branches on top of himself,like a blanket,to stay as warm as he could．
By that evening,Nicholas was really hungry．He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water．Not knowing how much longer he could last,Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled(蜷缩)in his cave and slept．
The next day,Nicholas went out to look for help,but he couldn't find anyone．He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave,because without shelter,he could die that night．On Tuesday,Nicholas went out again to find help．He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him．After two days stuck in the snow,Nicholas was saved．
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV．He had often watched Grylls' survival show —-Man vs．Wild． That's where he learned the tips that saved his life．In each episode(一期节目) of Man vs．Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out．
When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds,he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive．
（1）What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon
A．He got lost． B．He broke his skis．
C．He hurt his eyes． D．He caught a cold．
（2）How did Nicholas keep himself warm
A．He found a shelter． B．He lighted some branches．
C．He kept on skiing． D．He built a snow cave．
（3）On Tuesday,Nicholas ．
A．returned to his shelter safely B．was saved by a searcher
C．got stuck in the snow D．stayed where he was
（4）Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ．
A．did the right things in the dangerous situation
B．watched Grylls' TV program regularly
C．created some tips for survival
D．was very hard-working
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知，Nicholas迷路了。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Nicholas built a snow cave.“和第四段中的”to stay as warm as he could“可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的”On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.“可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.“可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
18．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Revolutionary TV Ears
TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.
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（1）TV Ears helps you ______.
A．improve your sleeping quality.
B．listen to TV without disturbing others.
C．change TV channels without difficulty.
D．become interested in ballgame programs.
（2）What makes TV Ears different from other headsets
A．It can easily set TV on mute.
B．Its headset volume is adjustable.
C．It has a new noise reduction ear tip.
D．It applies special wireless technology.
（3）This advertisement is made more believable by ______.
A．using recommendations B．offering reasons for this invention
C．providing statistics D．showing the results of experiments
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一个广告，介绍的是一个全新的*.cn答案Net搜索c“电视耳机”。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“while other TV listener hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them.”可知这种新型电视耳机不会打扰到其他人，符合B选项中的without disturbing others。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.”可知这个全新的“电视机”包括一个全新的降噪耳塞，符合C中的It has a new noise reduction ear tip。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。文中方框的内容很明显是来自医生和顾客的推荐(recommend)，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
19．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they're eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through It's trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn't absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn't look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don't see it —-you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn't have pigments, so its tissues won't absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials—-skin, fat, and more—-and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see—through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they're doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______.
A．stay in groups B．can be easily damaged
C．appear only in deep ocean D．are beautiful creatures
（2）The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A．silently B．gradually C．regularly D．completely
（3）One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A．change the direction of light travel
B．gather materials to scatter light.
C．avoid the absorption of light
D．grow bigger to stop light.
（4）The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A．move more slowly in deep water
B．stay see-through even after death
C．produce more tissues for their survival
D．take effective action to reduce light spreading
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch。”可知，透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light。”可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.”可以推断出D为正确答案。其中slowdown对应reduce。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today's parents are trying to manage their children's lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.
In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents' involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn't present a generation ago Many studies show that older parents - today's grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.
Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyondthe role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
（1）The surveys inform us of ______.
A．the development of technology
B．the changes of adult children's behavior
C．the parents' over-protection of their college children
D．the means and expenses of students' communication
（2）The writer believes that ______.
A．parents today are more protective than those in the past
B．the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages
C．technology explains greater parental involvement with their children
D．parents' changed attitudes lead to college children's delayed independence
（3）What is the best title for the passage
A．Technology or Attitude
B．Dependence or Independence
C．Family Influence or Social Changes
D．College Management or Communication Advancement
（4）Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage
A．
B．
C．
D．1：Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点）C：Conclusion
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】观点态度题；段落大意；科普环保类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，以父母对于上大学的成年子女过度保护的问题为例，提出了科技带来的一些改变容易被误认为态度的改变的论点。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”parents today continues to be ‘very' or ‘somewhat' overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories”调查显示现在的父母在孩子上大学之后仍然非常或者某种程度上地过度保护子女。故选C。
（2）考查观点态度。第三段作者提出调查的结果并不能理解为现在的家长对孩子不放手，接下来的两段作者论述了出现这种结果的真正原因是科技的发展使得交流手段更丰富，成本更低廉。根据第四段中的“Many studies show that older parents—today's grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier。最后一段更是再次强调了这种观点。故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.”可知，这种科技的改变容易被误认为态度的改变。第2-5段讨论到底是科技还是态度的改变。第6段再次明确表示是科技的改变。故选A。
（4）文章结构题。文章第一段是introduction，第二段是第一个论点，指出父母在子女生活中参与度提高的现象。第三段是第二个论点(关键词However)，指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手，分论点一是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与，分论点二(关键词Furthermore)是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女生活的过多参与。最后一段总结。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、观点态度、文章结构和主旨大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、七选五
21．（2015·北京）七选五
This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing． Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them． They can seem forgetful and clumsy　 　They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things．But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history　 　Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others． Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．　 　And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings．It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate． “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep．　 　Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．　 　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds．
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps．
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves．
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn't have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes．
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses．
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive．
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand．
G. Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone．
【答案】B；C；A；E；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦，白日梦有不好的方面，但也有很多好的地方。文章中给出了三条很好的利用其积极面的建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamers have a bad reputation”，后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面，主语、词义都相似，所以选B。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段转折谈做白日梦的好处，“great ideas‖是关键词，所以本空可以用例证说明great ideas指什么。故选C。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段开篇提出做梦的机会（opportunities）,后面提出增加机会的方法，三句为并列关系，阐述做什么能够帮助人更好地进入daydream的状态，因此A选项关键词also helps最为符合。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。阐释问题和解决办法。整段阐述如何做到―Mindfulness‖（ being focused），与E选项中的self-control(stay calm and attentive)相匹配。所以选E。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。阐释问题和解决办法。段首提出“never know what wonderful idea might strike”，后面应该提供具体的应对策略，所以建议最好随时把好的想法记录下来。而记录所需要的重要工具就是G选项中的notebook（笔记本）和voice recorder（录音设备），G与前一句恰好形成因果关系，故本题选G。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
五、书面表达
22．（2015·北京）假如你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）；2. 说明你打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。
注意： 1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。
提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim, I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I want to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you'd like to go with me. This camp will open on July 20th, It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information. Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给美国朋友Jim写一封邀请信，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）；2. 说明你打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。考生只需按照邀请信的写作流程就可轻松写出。即发出邀请— 介绍活动(时间，地点，内容，参加原因)—期待和感谢。
【点评】本文语气中肯礼貌。段落层次清晰，行文连贯，要点齐全，言简意赅，目的明确。还使用一些连词，让文章条理清楚。使用了一些复杂句和复合句，使文章更加生动而流畅，这些都体现了驾驭语言的能力。具体如下：I wonder if you'd like to go with me.使用了宾语从句；f you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.使用了条件状语从句。
23．（2015·北京）假如你是红星中学学生李华。根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在“传统文化进校园“活动中，面向人艺术家学习捏面人的过程。并以”A Day with a Craftsman”为题，给校刊”英语角“写一篇英文稿件。
注意：词数不少于60.
提示词：一个面团a piece of dough 面人dough figurine
【答案】Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.We hope we can have more activities of this kind!
【知识点】看图写话；图画式记叙文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇看图说话，第一幅图讲述的是手工艺人教大家如何去做这个东西，学生认真聆听，是教与学。第二幅图最重要的点就是学生能不能找到学生认真聆听这个环节，因为老师教一定能看得出来，但是学生能不能写到学生在听，这应该是一个得分点。第三幅图是一个指导。所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。最后一幅图是我们在上课的时候会重点讲的照相，大家很欢乐，做成一个作品。 所以，除了四幅图的要点之外，所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。所以写好这样的作文一定要抓住细节，才能得分。还需要注意时态，词汇不要拼写错误，多用复合句式才能体现出亮点。考生切忌在文章开篇犯低级的语法错误，尤其注意时态、单复数及冠词的正确使用。相比于实用性强的应用文来说，情景作文可以在保证要点齐全的前提下适当增加长难句的使用，如对非谓语、三大从句及连词进行灵活运用。关注句式的多样性及用词的准确性对取得该板块的高分会有更大的保障。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. 使用了时间状语从句从句：Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.使用了现在分词作状语。
1 / 12015年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·北京）____the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A．Catching. B．Caught. C．To catch. D．Catch
2．（2015·北京）—Did you enjoy the party
—Yes, we ___ by our hosts.
A．were treated B．would be treated.
C．treated D．had treated
3．（2015·北京）The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine.
A．having enjoyed B．enjoyed C．enjoying D．to enjoy
4．（2015·北京）Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ___you can hear some lovely music.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
5．（2015·北京）He is a shy man，___he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A．so B．but C．or D．as
6．（2015·北京）In the last few years, China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.
A．has made B．had made C．was making D．is making
7．（2015·北京）—Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house
—Not really. She ___us clear directions and we were able to find it easily
A．was to give B．had given C．was giving D．would give
8．（2015·北京）You won't find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.
A．even if B．as long as C．as if D．ever since
9．（2015·北京）—Can't you stay a little longer
—It's getting late. I really _____go now, my daughter is home alone.
A．may B．can C．must D．dare
10．（2015·北京）—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I____ him later.
A．will call B．have called
C．call D．will be calling
11．（2015·北京）If ___for the job, you'll be informed soon.
A．to accept B．accept C．accepting D．accepted
12．（2015·北京）_____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A．Until B．Unless C．Once D．Although
13．（2015·北京）I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A．that B．where C．what D．why
14．（2015·北京）If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn't have believed it.
A．didn't see B．weren't seeing C．wouldn't see D．hadn't seen
15．（2015·北京）_____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A．Where B．How C．Why D．When
二、完形填空
16．（2015·北京）完形填空
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them （1） side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud （2） filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, （3） , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a （4） under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building superintendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all （5） people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their （6） and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and （7） everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a （8） instead ” Dario asked.
They both loved the （9） . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts （10） their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party （11） . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to （12） . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, （13） Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I （14） that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing.”
Dario's mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we （15） you an apology.” she said. “I didn't （16） how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such （17） music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario's mother said. “We will be （18） to play them in the evening.”
“And we won't play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to （19） the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of （20） and made him feel that they were home at last.
（1）A．sat B．stood C．lay D．walked
（2）A．voice B．ring C．music D．cry
（3）A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．instead
（4）A．note B．poster C．bill D．report
（5）A．proud B．rich C．lucky D．nice
（6）A．neighbors B．friends C．relatives D．audience
（7）A．blame B．instruct C．question D．visit
（8）A．party B．concert C．show D．play
（9）A．experience B．idea C．performance D．action
（10）A．to B．with C．for D．from
（11）A．continued B．arrived C．passed D．finished
（12）A．order B．sell C．share D．advertise
（13）A．treated B．presented C．helped D．served
（14）A．promised B．admitted C．agreed D．worried
（15）A．give B．send C．offer D．owe
（16）A．realize B．remember C．understand D．accept
（17）A．sweet B．strange C．funny D．loud
（18）A．brave B．sorry C．happy D．afraid
（19）A．changing B．practicing C．recording D．writing
（20）A．equality B．freedom C．warmth D．sympathy
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·北京）阅读理解
The Boy Made It! One Sunday, Nicholas,a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine．In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area．Unable to see far,he accidentally turned off the path．Before he knew it,Nicholas was lost,all alone!He didn't have food,water,a phone,or other supplies．He was getting colder by the minute．
Nicholas had no idea where he was．He tried not to panic．He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV．It was time to put the tips he had learned to use．
He decided to stop skiing．There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put．The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow．If he didn't,his body temperature would get very low,which could quickly kill him．
Using his skis,Nicholas built a snow cave．He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle．Then he piled branches on top of himself,like a blanket,to stay as warm as he could．
By that evening,Nicholas was really hungry．He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water．Not knowing how much longer he could last,Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled(蜷缩)in his cave and slept．
The next day,Nicholas went out to look for help,but he couldn't find anyone．He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave,because without shelter,he could die that night．On Tuesday,Nicholas went out again to find help．He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him．After two days stuck in the snow,Nicholas was saved．
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV．He had often watched Grylls' survival show —-Man vs．Wild． That's where he learned the tips that saved his life．In each episode(一期节目) of Man vs．Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out．
When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds,he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive．
（1）What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon
A．He got lost． B．He broke his skis．
C．He hurt his eyes． D．He caught a cold．
（2）How did Nicholas keep himself warm
A．He found a shelter． B．He lighted some branches．
C．He kept on skiing． D．He built a snow cave．
（3）On Tuesday,Nicholas ．
A．returned to his shelter safely B．was saved by a searcher
C．got stuck in the snow D．stayed where he was
（4）Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ．
A．did the right things in the dangerous situation
B．watched Grylls' TV program regularly
C．created some tips for survival
D．was very hard-working
18．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Revolutionary TV Ears
TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.
TV Ears patented(有专利权的) technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.
Doctor Recommended TV Ears!
“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”
— Robert Forbes, M. D, CA
Customer Recommended TV Ears!
“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”
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（1）TV Ears helps you ______.
A．improve your sleeping quality.
B．listen to TV without disturbing others.
C．change TV channels without difficulty.
D．become interested in ballgame programs.
（2）What makes TV Ears different from other headsets
A．It can easily set TV on mute.
B．Its headset volume is adjustable.
C．It has a new noise reduction ear tip.
D．It applies special wireless technology.
（3）This advertisement is made more believable by ______.
A．using recommendations B．offering reasons for this invention
C．providing statistics D．showing the results of experiments
19．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they're eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through It's trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn't absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn't look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don't see it —-you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn't have pigments, so its tissues won't absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials—-skin, fat, and more—-and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see—through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they're doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______.
A．stay in groups B．can be easily damaged
C．appear only in deep ocean D．are beautiful creatures
（2）The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A．silently B．gradually C．regularly D．completely
（3）One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A．change the direction of light travel
B．gather materials to scatter light.
C．avoid the absorption of light
D．grow bigger to stop light.
（4）The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A．move more slowly in deep water
B．stay see-through even after death
C．produce more tissues for their survival
D．take effective action to reduce light spreading
20．（2015·北京）阅读理解
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today's parents are trying to manage their children's lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.
In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents' involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn't present a generation ago Many studies show that older parents - today's grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.
Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyondthe role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
（1）The surveys inform us of ______.
A．the development of technology
B．the changes of adult children's behavior
C．the parents' over-protection of their college children
D．the means and expenses of students' communication
（2）The writer believes that ______.
A．parents today are more protective than those in the past
B．the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages
C．technology explains greater parental involvement with their children
D．parents' changed attitudes lead to college children's delayed independence
（3）What is the best title for the passage
A．Technology or Attitude
B．Dependence or Independence
C．Family Influence or Social Changes
D．College Management or Communication Advancement
（4）Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage
A．
B．
C．
D．1：Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点）C：Conclusion
四、七选五
21．（2015·北京）七选五
This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing． Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them． They can seem forgetful and clumsy　 　They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things．But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history　 　Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others． Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．　 　And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings．It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate． “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep．　 　Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．　 　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds．
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps．
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves．
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn't have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes．
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses．
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive．
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand．
G. Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone．
五、书面表达
22．（2015·北京）假如你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）；2. 说明你打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。
注意： 1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。
提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
23．（2015·北京）假如你是红星中学学生李华。根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在“传统文化进校园“活动中，面向人艺术家学习捏面人的过程。并以”A Day with a Craftsman”为题，给校刊”英语角“写一篇英文稿件。
注意：词数不少于60.
提示词：一个面团a piece of dough 面人dough figurine
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语的应用。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：公园里都是在阳光想享受的人们，People和enjoy之间构成主动关系，这里用enjoying来修饰people，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作伴随状语的应用。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul's Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】连词
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个害羞的人，但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。A. so“因此”；B. but“但是”；C. or“或者”；D. as“作为”。根据句意，前后句表示转折，因此选择B。
【点评】考查连词辨析，区分so，but，or，as的含义和用法。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就，由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响用现在完成时，故选A，
【点评】判断时态可以从时间状语入手，题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/for/during the last past years months...均为现在完成时的时间标志，所以做此类题时，需要先看句子中是否有明确的时间点，然后我再判断时态。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么 ——不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去完成时的应用。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】引导条件状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。A. even though“即使，虽然”;B. as long as“只要”；C. as if“犹如，好像”；D. ever since“自从”。结合句意，故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及as long as引导的条件状语从句。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗 ——很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may“可能，可以，也许”；B. can“能，会”；C. must“必须，必然要，必定会”；D. dare“敢，胆敢”。结合句意，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分may，can，must，dare的含义和应用。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再打给他。由later可知，表示的是将来要执行的动作，用一般将来时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时的应用。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语的应用。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】引导条件状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要许多年的时间才能得以恢复。A. until“到……为止，直到……才”；B. unless“如果不，除非”；C. once“一旦，一经……便”；D. although“虽然，然而，尽管”。结合句意，故选C
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及once引导的条件状语从句。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn't have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去情况的假设。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系副词how引导的主语从句。
16．【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）B；（12）C；（13）B；（14）D；（15）D；（16）A；（17）D；（18）C；（19）B；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很晚，影响到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。
（1）考查动词。A. sat“坐”；B. stood“站”；C. lay“躺”； D. walked “走路”。这里指的是坐在钢琴旁。故选A。
（2）考查名词。A. voice“声音”；B. ring“铃声”；C. music“音乐”；D. cry“哭泣”。弹钢琴所以发出的是音乐。故选C。
（3）考查连词。A. therefore“所以”；B. however“然而”；C. otherwise “否则”；D. instead“而不是”。这里表示转折，他们的行为影响了他人，所以说幸福消失了。故选B。
（4）考查名词。A. note“纸条”；B. poster“海报”；C. bil“l账单”；D. report“报告”。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。故选A。
（5）考查形容词。A. proud“骄傲的”；B. rich“富有的”；C. lucky “幸运的”；D. nice“好的”。这里指的是他们人都非常好。故选D。
（6）考查动词。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知，这里是向邻居道歉。故选A。
（7）考查动词。A. blame“责备”；B. instruct“指导”；C. question “质疑”；D. visit“拜访”。这里指的是一个一个的去拜访他们。故选D。
（8）考查名词。A. party“聚会”；B. concert“音乐会”；C. show“展示”；D. play“玩”。这里指的是办一个聚会，邀请邻居。故选A。
（9）考查名词。A. experience“经历”；B. idea“观点，想法”；C. performance “表演”；D. action“行动”。由后文可知，他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。故选B。
（10）考查介词。prepare for“为……做准备”。故选C。
（11）考查动词。A. continued“继续”；B. arrived“到达”；C. passed “通过”；D. finished“完成”。句意：聚会的这一天到了。故选B。
（12）考查动词。A. order“点餐，命令”；B. sell“卖”；C. share“分享”；D. advertise“做广告”。这里指的是有人带来甜点分享。故选C。
（13）考查动词。A. treated“对待”；B. presented“展示”；C. helped“帮助”；D. served“服务”。这里指的是给他的妈妈展示一本音乐书。故选B。
（14）考查动词。A. promised“许诺”；B. admitted“承认”；C. agreed “同意”；D. worried“担心”。句意：我担心你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。故选D。
（15）考查动词。A. give“给”；B. send“发送”；C. offer“提供”；D. owe“欠”。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个道歉。故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. realize“意识到”；B. remember“记得”；C. understand“理解”；D. accept“接受”。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。故选A。
（17）考查形容词。A. sweet“甜蜜的”；B. strange“奇怪的”；C. funny “滑稽的”；D. loud“大声的”。句意：这些音乐不是大声的音乐。故选D。
（18）考查形容词。A. brave“勇敢的”；B. sorry“抱歉”；C. happy “高兴的”；D. afraid “害怕”。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。故选C。
（19）考查动词。A. changing“改变”；B. practicing“练习”；C. recording“记录”；D. writing“写”。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。故选B。
（20）考查名词。A. equality“平等”；B. freedom“自由”；C. warmth “温暖”；D. sympathy“同情”。句意：这使他充满温暖感。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词、连词、介词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知，Nicholas迷路了。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Nicholas built a snow cave.“和第四段中的”to stay as warm as he could“可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的”On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.“可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.“可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
18．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一个广告，介绍的是一个全新的*.cn答案Net搜索c“电视耳机”。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“while other TV listener hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them.”可知这种新型电视耳机不会打扰到其他人，符合B选项中的without disturbing others。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.”可知这个全新的“电视机”包括一个全新的降噪耳塞，符合C中的It has a new noise reduction ear tip。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。文中方框的内容很明显是来自医生和顾客的推荐(recommend)，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，选出正确答案。
19．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch。”可知，透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light。”可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.”可以推断出D为正确答案。其中slowdown对应reduce。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】观点态度题；段落大意；科普环保类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，以父母对于上大学的成年子女过度保护的问题为例，提出了科技带来的一些改变容易被误认为态度的改变的论点。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”parents today continues to be ‘very' or ‘somewhat' overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories”调查显示现在的父母在孩子上大学之后仍然非常或者某种程度上地过度保护子女。故选C。
（2）考查观点态度。第三段作者提出调查的结果并不能理解为现在的家长对孩子不放手，接下来的两段作者论述了出现这种结果的真正原因是科技的发展使得交流手段更丰富，成本更低廉。根据第四段中的“Many studies show that older parents—today's grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier。最后一段更是再次强调了这种观点。故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.”可知，这种科技的改变容易被误认为态度的改变。第2-5段讨论到底是科技还是态度的改变。第6段再次明确表示是科技的改变。故选A。
（4）文章结构题。文章第一段是introduction，第二段是第一个论点，指出父母在子女生活中参与度提高的现象。第三段是第二个论点(关键词However)，指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手，分论点一是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与，分论点二(关键词Furthermore)是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女生活的过多参与。最后一段总结。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、观点态度、文章结构和主旨大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
21．【答案】B；C；A；E；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦，白日梦有不好的方面，但也有很多好的地方。文章中给出了三条很好的利用其积极面的建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamers have a bad reputation”，后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面，主语、词义都相似，所以选B。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段转折谈做白日梦的好处，“great ideas‖是关键词，所以本空可以用例证说明great ideas指什么。故选C。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段开篇提出做梦的机会（opportunities）,后面提出增加机会的方法，三句为并列关系，阐述做什么能够帮助人更好地进入daydream的状态，因此A选项关键词also helps最为符合。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。阐释问题和解决办法。整段阐述如何做到―Mindfulness‖（ being focused），与E选项中的self-control(stay calm and attentive)相匹配。所以选E。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。阐释问题和解决办法。段首提出“never know what wonderful idea might strike”，后面应该提供具体的应对策略，所以建议最好随时把好的想法记录下来。而记录所需要的重要工具就是G选项中的notebook（笔记本）和voice recorder（录音设备），G与前一句恰好形成因果关系，故本题选G。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
22．【答案】Dear Jim, I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I want to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you'd like to go with me. This camp will open on July 20th, It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information. Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给美国朋友Jim写一封邀请信，写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）；2. 说明你打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。考生只需按照邀请信的写作流程就可轻松写出。即发出邀请— 介绍活动(时间，地点，内容，参加原因)—期待和感谢。
【点评】本文语气中肯礼貌。段落层次清晰，行文连贯，要点齐全，言简意赅，目的明确。还使用一些连词，让文章条理清楚。使用了一些复杂句和复合句，使文章更加生动而流畅，这些都体现了驾驭语言的能力。具体如下：I wonder if you'd like to go with me.使用了宾语从句；f you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.使用了条件状语从句。
23．【答案】Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.We hope we can have more activities of this kind!
【知识点】看图写话；图画式记叙文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇看图说话，第一幅图讲述的是手工艺人教大家如何去做这个东西，学生认真聆听，是教与学。第二幅图最重要的点就是学生能不能找到学生认真聆听这个环节，因为老师教一定能看得出来，但是学生能不能写到学生在听，这应该是一个得分点。第三幅图是一个指导。所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。最后一幅图是我们在上课的时候会重点讲的照相，大家很欢乐，做成一个作品。 所以，除了四幅图的要点之外，所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。所以写好这样的作文一定要抓住细节，才能得分。还需要注意时态，词汇不要拼写错误，多用复合句式才能体现出亮点。考生切忌在文章开篇犯低级的语法错误，尤其注意时态、单复数及冠词的正确使用。相比于实用性强的应用文来说，情景作文可以在保证要点齐全的前提下适当增加长难句的使用，如对非谓语、三大从句及连词进行灵活运用。关注句式的多样性及用词的准确性对取得该板块的高分会有更大的保障。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. 使用了时间状语从句从句：Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.使用了现在分词作状语。
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