2015年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）

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2015年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·湖北）When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.
A．balance B．chance C．memory D．place
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析；名词
【解析】 【分析】句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，重重地摔了一跤。A项“平衡”；B项“机会”；C项“记忆”；D项“地方”。lose one's balance“失去平衡”。故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配lose one's balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。
2．（2015·湖北）He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion B．talent C．identity D．treasure
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”；故选C项
【点评】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。
3．（2015·湖北）The team are working hard to ___ the problem so that they can find the best solution.
A．face B．prevent C．raise D．analyze
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题以便找到解决问题的方法。A项“面对”；B项“阻止”；c项“提出，举起”；D项“分析”。故选D项。
【点评】四个选项都可以与problem构成搭配，但只有一个符合句意。考生一定要结合语境，抓住句中的关键词，“find the best solution（找到最佳解决办法）”，“so that”这里引导的是目的状语从句，据此判断前面应为分析问题“analyze the problem”。考生应注意：切不可只根据搭配，这样可能会做出错误的选择。
4．（2015·湖北）In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs.
A．whisper B．signal
C．declare D．complain
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了不被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A项“低声说，私语”；B项“发信号，（用手势）示意”；C项“（正式）宣称”；D项“抱怨”。故选B项。
【点评】此题有一定难度，涉及到“熟词新义”。signal基本义是“发信号”，而“示意，暗示”这一“新义”需要靠考生平时积累。当然，还可以运用关键词法，“pointed her finger upwards（她用手向上指）”，据此可以推知这一动作就是在“示意，暗示”。
5．（2015·湖北）There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.
A．leaves out B．goes against C．lies in D．makes up
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语秘和外国人交流。A项“遗漏，省略”；3B项“违背，和……作对”；C项“在于”；D项“编造，组成，化女，和好”。故选C项。
【点评】考生要注意这里的he和candidate指的是同一个人，弄清这一点，再分析他的优势与他用英语跟外国人交流的能力之间的关系，很容易判断出“优势在于……”这层关系。另外考生注意积累There is no doubt that“毫无疑问”这一常考结构。
6．（2015·湖北）Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will ______ sooner or later.
A．stand out B．break up C．get out D．turn up
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】 【分析】句意：另胆心，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的，A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。
【点评】本题语境贴近学生生活，生活中我们都有过这样的经历，找不到的东西过段时间又自己冒出来，考生可以利用这一语境并联系日常生活作答该题。另外，还可以抓住题干中的关键词“Don't worry”和“sooner or later”迅速锁定正确答案。
7．（2015·湖北）Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.
A．accurate B．punctual C．efficient D．reasonable
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；形容词
【解析】 【分析】句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项“守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选B项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。根据题干中的关键词“hurry a little”可推知他想要准时（守时）。考生容易误选C项efficient“有效率的”，侧重指积极有效，效率高，效果好，节省精力。指人时，强调其能干、熟练的技巧。
8．（2015·湖北）I don't think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.
A．faithful B．parallel C．relevant D．similar
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】 【分析】句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点，A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与……平行”；C项“和……相关”；D项“和……相似”。berelevant to“和……相关”。故选C项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。四个选项都有“be+adj.+to”的用法，但意义相差较大。根据题干中的关键词“missed the point（跑题，没抓住要点）”可推知他所说的和话题无关。
9．（2015·湖北）The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
A．gradually B．usually C．previously D．merely
【答案】A
【知识点】副词的辨析；频度副词
【解析】【分析】句意：那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极，（比以前）更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”；B项“通常，经常”；C项“以前”；D项“仅仅”。故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析副词词义的能力。
10．（2015·湖北）This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A．in advance B．in detail C．in total D．in general
【答案】A
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】 【分析】句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A项“提前”；B项“详细地”；C项“总共，总计”；D项“大体上，笼统地”；故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。题干中的关键词“if you smoked here you would be fined”这一虚拟语气表示这是假设的情况，因此是在“提前”警告某人。另外，考生应注意积累“in+n.(+of)”这一常考搭配。
二、完形填空
11．（2015·湖北）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty （1） left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was （2） . The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers （3） money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a （4） for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He （5） as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don't know the （6） of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ （7） it's not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly （8） they have time to see, and you'll （9） out and get your money,” Chad said.
It was a new （10） to Jason. He thought of his bird with no （11） and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was （12） that he would not tell a lie. Though he was （13） a poor newsboy, he had been （14） some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers （15） Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a （16） smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason （17） money because he would not tell a lie. The boy （18） at Jason. “You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday, my boy ” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder （19） .”You're just the boy I am looking for.” A week later, Jason started his new （20） . He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
（1）A．shops B．coins C．people D．papers
（2）A．open B．heavy C．pure D．weak
（3）A．instead of B．in return for
C．regardless of D．in exchange for
（4）A．cup B．card C．comb D．cake
（5）A．gave in B．broke down C．got away D．showed up
（6）A．difficulty B．process C．goal D．secret
（7）A．And B．But C．For D．So
（8）A．before B．since C．though D．unless
（9）A．call B．drop C．sell D．reach
（10）A．edition B．idea C．policy D．task
（11）A．bread B．insects C．seeds D．water
（12）A．concerned B．amazed C．excited D．determined
（13）A．still B．already C．just D．also
（14）A．taught B．handed C．awarded D．allowed
（15）A．at once B．by chance C．as usual D．on purpose
（16）A．proud B．gentle C．warm D．polite
（17）A．borrowed B．lost C．made D．saved
（18）A．laughed B．shouted C．nodded D．stared
（19）A．bravely B．gratefully C．fondly D．modestly
（20）A．duty B．business C．job D．method
【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）C；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）C；（20）C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个卖报的人通过诚信卖报而获得一位绅士的认可，最终获得一份薪水丰厚的工作。
（1）考查名词。A. shops”商店“；B. coins”硬币“；C. people”人们“；D. papers”报纸“。根据上文提到“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm手里还有很多报纸，可知还有20多份没有卖完，故选D项。
（2）考查形容词。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重，故选B项。
（3）考查介词短语。A项“代替，而不是”；B项“作为回报”；C项“不管，不顾”；D项“以换取……”根据下文“…to make more money to…”可知，小男孩准备把剩下的报纸而不是钱带回家，故选A项。
（4）考查名词。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。根据下文“…and the cake he wanted to buy…”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食，故选D项。
（5）考查动词短语。A项“让步，屈服”；B项“精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。句意：当他想到没能卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了，故选B项。
（6）考查名词。A项“困难”；B项“过程”；C项“目标”；D项“秘诀”。句意：你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊：“热点新闻！爆炸新闻！”，故选D项。
（7）考查连词。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。句意：“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词but，故选B项。
（8）考查连词。A项“在……之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉，故选A项。
（9）考查动词。A. call”打电话“；B. drop”掉了“；C. sell”卖“；D. reach”到达“。句意：你会把报纸卖完，拿到钱，故选C项。
（10）考查名词。A. edition ”版本“；B. idea”想法“；C. policy”政策“；D. task”任务“。句意：这对于Jason来说是个新主意，故选B项。
（11）考查名词。A项 “面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。根据上文“…he wanted to buy a __ for his mother and some seeds for his bird”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”，故选C项。
（12）考查形容词。A项 “担心的”；B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。句意：……, 但他坚决不会说谎，故选D项。
（13）考查连词。A项 “仍然”；B项“已经”；C项“仅仅”；D项“也”。句意：尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育，故选C项。
（14）考查动词。A项 “教授”；B项“上交”；C项“奖励”；D项“允许”。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育，故选A项。
（15）考查固定搭配。A项 “立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样”；D项“故意地”。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸，故选C项。
（16）考查形容词。A项 “自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸，故选A项。
（17）考查动词辨析。A项 “借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱，故选B项。
（18）考查动词。A项 “嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”，故选A项。
（19）考查副词。A项 “勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”故选C项。
（20）考查名词。A项 “责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项“工作”；D项“方法”。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作，故选C项。
【点评】本题考点涉，形容词。名词，动词、连词、副词以及介词短语短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
12．（2015·湖北）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
“I see you've got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it raining out there ”“No, it's pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.”
As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I'd jumped in ahead of him.
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite sighs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift(迁移).
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stooped from feeding on their mother's milk, and those who've gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few mils west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor's Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.
Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.
（1）Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies
A．To protect the tourists from being bitten
B．To keep the ponies off the petrol station
C．To avoid putting the ponies in danger
D．To prevent the ponies from fighting
（2）One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______________.
A．to feed baby ponies on milk B．to control the number of ponies
C．to expand the habitat for ponies D．to sell the ponies at a good price
（3）What as the author's first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back
A．He freed it from the trap B．He called a protection officer
C．He worried about it very much D．He thought of it as being naughty
（4）What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor's ponies
A．It lacks people's involvement.
B．It costs a large amount of money
C．It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.
D．It has caused an imbalance of species
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】细节理解题；人物故事类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift(迁移).”可知不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选C项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The purpose of a pony drift is to …Some of them are also…, in order to limit the number of ponies…”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“…, assuming he was just rolling for fun,…”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.”可知保护马驹是对Dartmoor来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can(装罐)and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台） Plant some herbs. A window Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they're very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it's a great place to start.” “Then Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will.”
（1）The underlined word“prerequisite”(Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.
A．recipe B．substitute C．requirement D．challenge
（2）Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs
A．They are used daily. B．They are easy to grow.
C．They can grow very tall D．They can be eaten uncooked
（3）According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods
A．It can preserve their best flavor B．It can promote her online sales
C．It can better her cooking skills D．It can improve their nutrition
（4）What is the “the bigger picture”(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand
A．The knowledge about good food
B．The way to live a grow-our-own life
C．The joy of getting in touch with foods
D．The responsibility to protect our earth
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Start with herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“there is a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,'”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。
（4）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.
In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.
The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.
In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.
（1）Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.
A．it has a large population
B．it is cut off from big cities
C．it has many beautiful gardens
D．it is in a hilly area with sandy soil
（2）What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum
A．Building a railway link to Amsterdam
B．Helping its textile industry to develop
C．Constructing large villas for the poor
D．Assisting its agricultural industry
（3）The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______.
A．a radio factory B．the medial capital
C．a radio station D．a TV station
（4）What is known about W.M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall
A．It consists of approximately 75 buildings
B．It looks like an open air museum in the city
C．It is a classic example in architecture textbooks
D．It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；政治经济类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了荷兰Hilversum这一地区的地貌特征、工业发展和现代建筑。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually a hilly area …”可知Hilversum不同于荷兰其他地方之处在于它属于沙土丘陵地带。故选D项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum”可知Brennikmeijers为Hilversum 的纺织业做出了巨大的贡献。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三中的“The change to a media economy started in 1920, … established a radio factory in Hilversum”可知Hilversum传媒业兴起的兴起是以一家无线电厂的建立为标志的。故选A项。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“His master piece… It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks”可知W. M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall是建筑教科书中的一个典范。故选C项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
15．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.
First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I'm an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”
On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,”Your inner ear thinks your're falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying—that's why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days —truly terrible days for some —astronauts' brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.
Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That's why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.
（1）What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space
A．Deciding on a proper sleep position
B．Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag
C．Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly
D．Finding a right time to go to sleep.
（2）The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _____.
A．the y circle around on their bikes
B．they use microcomputers without a stop
C．they exercise in one place for a long time
D．they watch a movie while pedaling
（3）Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _____.
A．their senses stop working
B．they have to stand up straight
C．they float out of their seats unexpectedly
D．whether they are able to go back to the station
（4）One of the NASA's major concerns about astronauts is _____.
A．how much exercise they do on the station
B．how they can remain healthy for long in space
C．whether they can recover after returning home
D．whether they are able to go back to the station
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选A项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. …You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Your inner ear thinks you're failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying-that's why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy…NASA is worried about two things :… and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness…”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
16．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature What are the sources of character And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks' story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks' attempt to translate his tale into science.
（1）The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.
A．illustrate where science can be applied
B．demonstrate the value of Brooks' new book
C．remind the reader of the importance of science
D．explain why many writers use science in their works
（2）According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book
A．Its strong basis. B．Its convincing points.
C．Its clear writing. D．Its memorable characters.
（3）What is the author's general attitude towards the book
A．Contradictory. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Critical.
（4）What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph
A．Problems with the book. B．Brooks's life experience.
C．Death of the characters. D．Brooks's translation skills.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。并以Brooks的新书The social animal为例，批判地分析这本书的优势和不足。
（1）考查写作意图。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。故选D项。
（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“…, his writing is mostly clear and , to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,… ”可知作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。故选C项。
（3）考查观点态度。最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选D项。
（4）考查篇章结构。文章最后一段中链接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此紧接着作者应该还是在写这本的不足。故选A项。
【点评】本题考点涉及写作意图、推理判断、观点态度和篇章结构四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、完成句子
17．（2015·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight) 令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。 答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）If she had been aware that the muchroom were poisonous,she 　 　them for dinner.(pick)
要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她不会采来做晚餐了。
（2）　 　the beef being cooked on the stove,the mother pictured the whole family having meals together.(look)
看着炉子上炖着的牛肉，妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。
（3）The director,　 　a dorm-room in the Film Academy, has already make four films.(share)
这位导演已经执导了四部电影，在电影学院求学时杰克与他同住在一间寝室。
（4）Into the complete silence of the waiting class　 　, “Good morning,children.”(come)
在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好”。
（5）　 　will not make any difference to our arrangements.(say)
无论她说什么，都是不会对我们的安排有影响。
（6）We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us 　 　the task or not.(undertake).
现在我们必须采取行动。你就告诉我们，你能否承担这项任务吧。
（7）The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project 　 　by the students independently.(finish)
教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。
（8）　 　that they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty .(be)
就是在这个湖里，他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。
（9）　 　to only a few people here,his reputation abroad is very great.(know).
虽然这里只有几个人知道他，但他在国外的名气却很大。、
（10）Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely 　 　at a very young age.(from).
许多坏习惯特殊气味难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。
【答案】（1）not have picked
（2）Looking at When/While (she was) looking at
（3）with whom Jack shared/who shared with Jack
（4）came the teacher's sweet voice
（5）she says
（6）whether/if you can undertake
（7）had (already) been finished
（8）It was in this lake
（9）Although/Though he is known
（10）to have been formed
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】完成句子主要考查词汇在具体语境中的语法运用，涉及时态语态、定语从句、倒装句、强调句型、非谓语动词及固定搭配等常见的语法知识点，覆盖面较广，有一定难度。
（1）考查虚拟语气。前面if虚拟条件句形式为had been（对过去的虚拟），后面主句形式与其形式保持一致，结合句意，应用would not have done的形式，因此答案为：would not have picked 。
（2）考查非谓语动词。前面分词的逻辑主语应与后面主句的主语保持一致，且与主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。也可以在前面加上表示伴随的时间连词when/while。因此答案为：Looking at或者When/While (she was) looking at。
（3）考查定语从句。先行词the director，再根据搭配share sth. with sb.可知答案为：with whom Jack shared/who shared with Jack。
（4）考查倒装句。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。因此答案为：came the teacher's sweet voice。
（5）考查wh-ever引导的名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该空为whatever引导的主语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。因此答案为：Whatever she says。
（6）考查whether/if引导的宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空为whether/if引导引导的是宾语从句。whether/if…or not为固定搭配，意为“是否……”。因此答案为：you can undertake。
（7）考查时态。根据句意可知，finish动作发生在was delighted to find that…之前，故用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，且与project构成逻辑上的动宾关系。因此答案为：had (already) been finished。
（8）考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was +被强调部分（通常为主语/宾语/表语/状语）+其他成分”，该句中in this lake（地点状语）提前被强调。因此答案为：It was in this lake。
（9）考查although/though引导的让步状语从句和固定搭配。根据句意，结合sb./sth. be known to sb.固定搭配可知答案为：Although/Though he is known
（10）考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。 sb. be likely to do ”某人很有可能做……“，不定式部分用have (been) done表示不定式动作已经发生（完成），因此答案为：to have been formed。
【点评】本题考点涉及虚拟语气，非谓语动词，定语从句，倒装句，名词性从句，动词时态，强调句型，让步状语从句以及不定式完成式等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
五、书面表达
18．（2015·湖北）请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，有英语写一篇短文。
Questioning is a bridge to learning. When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer,you will learn.
注意：1.无须写标题；2.除诗歌外，文体不限；3.内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；4.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；5.词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
【答案】Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more. Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it. Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Half an hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my independent thinking. From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
【知识点】开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇开放式作文，要求考生根据提示，并结合具体事例，完成一篇英语短文。写作之前必须认真审题，注意描述具体事例时要用过去时态，人称用第一人称，内容紧紧围绕所给的主题，最后要有总结，形成首尾呼应。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.包含了条件状语从句，宾语从句和主语从句；Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it.运用了让步状语从句；
When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.运用了时间状语从句； From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.包含宾语从句和定语从句。
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2015年高考英语真题试卷（湖北卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·湖北）When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.
A．balance B．chance C．memory D．place
2．（2015·湖北）He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion B．talent C．identity D．treasure
3．（2015·湖北）The team are working hard to ___ the problem so that they can find the best solution.
A．face B．prevent C．raise D．analyze
4．（2015·湖北）In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs.
A．whisper B．signal
C．declare D．complain
5．（2015·湖北）There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.
A．leaves out B．goes against C．lies in D．makes up
6．（2015·湖北）Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will ______ sooner or later.
A．stand out B．break up C．get out D．turn up
7．（2015·湖北）Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.
A．accurate B．punctual C．efficient D．reasonable
8．（2015·湖北）I don't think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.
A．faithful B．parallel C．relevant D．similar
9．（2015·湖北）The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
A．gradually B．usually C．previously D．merely
10．（2015·湖北）This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A．in advance B．in detail C．in total D．in general
二、完形填空
11．（2015·湖北）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty （1） left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was （2） . The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers （3） money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a （4） for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He （5） as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don't know the （6） of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ （7） it's not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly （8） they have time to see, and you'll （9） out and get your money,” Chad said.
It was a new （10） to Jason. He thought of his bird with no （11） and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was （12） that he would not tell a lie. Though he was （13） a poor newsboy, he had been （14） some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers （15） Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a （16） smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason （17） money because he would not tell a lie. The boy （18） at Jason. “You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday, my boy ” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder （19） .”You're just the boy I am looking for.” A week later, Jason started his new （20） . He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
（1）A．shops B．coins C．people D．papers
（2）A．open B．heavy C．pure D．weak
（3）A．instead of B．in return for
C．regardless of D．in exchange for
（4）A．cup B．card C．comb D．cake
（5）A．gave in B．broke down C．got away D．showed up
（6）A．difficulty B．process C．goal D．secret
（7）A．And B．But C．For D．So
（8）A．before B．since C．though D．unless
（9）A．call B．drop C．sell D．reach
（10）A．edition B．idea C．policy D．task
（11）A．bread B．insects C．seeds D．water
（12）A．concerned B．amazed C．excited D．determined
（13）A．still B．already C．just D．also
（14）A．taught B．handed C．awarded D．allowed
（15）A．at once B．by chance C．as usual D．on purpose
（16）A．proud B．gentle C．warm D．polite
（17）A．borrowed B．lost C．made D．saved
（18）A．laughed B．shouted C．nodded D．stared
（19）A．bravely B．gratefully C．fondly D．modestly
（20）A．duty B．business C．job D．method
三、阅读理解
12．（2015·湖北）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
“I see you've got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it raining out there ”“No, it's pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.”
As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I'd jumped in ahead of him.
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite sighs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift(迁移).
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stooped from feeding on their mother's milk, and those who've gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few mils west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor's Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.
Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.
（1）Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies
A．To protect the tourists from being bitten
B．To keep the ponies off the petrol station
C．To avoid putting the ponies in danger
D．To prevent the ponies from fighting
（2）One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______________.
A．to feed baby ponies on milk B．to control the number of ponies
C．to expand the habitat for ponies D．to sell the ponies at a good price
（3）What as the author's first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back
A．He freed it from the trap B．He called a protection officer
C．He worried about it very much D．He thought of it as being naughty
（4）What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor's ponies
A．It lacks people's involvement.
B．It costs a large amount of money
C．It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.
D．It has caused an imbalance of species
13．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can(装罐)and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台） Plant some herbs. A window Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they're very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it's a great place to start.” “Then Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will.”
（1）The underlined word“prerequisite”(Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.
A．recipe B．substitute C．requirement D．challenge
（2）Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs
A．They are used daily. B．They are easy to grow.
C．They can grow very tall D．They can be eaten uncooked
（3）According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods
A．It can preserve their best flavor B．It can promote her online sales
C．It can better her cooking skills D．It can improve their nutrition
（4）What is the “the bigger picture”(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand
A．The knowledge about good food
B．The way to live a grow-our-own life
C．The joy of getting in touch with foods
D．The responsibility to protect our earth
14．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.
In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.
The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.
In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.
（1）Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.
A．it has a large population
B．it is cut off from big cities
C．it has many beautiful gardens
D．it is in a hilly area with sandy soil
（2）What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum
A．Building a railway link to Amsterdam
B．Helping its textile industry to develop
C．Constructing large villas for the poor
D．Assisting its agricultural industry
（3）The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______.
A．a radio factory B．the medial capital
C．a radio station D．a TV station
（4）What is known about W.M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall
A．It consists of approximately 75 buildings
B．It looks like an open air museum in the city
C．It is a classic example in architecture textbooks
D．It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum.
15．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.
First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I'm an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”
On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,”Your inner ear thinks your're falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying—that's why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days —truly terrible days for some —astronauts' brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.
Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That's why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.
（1）What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space
A．Deciding on a proper sleep position
B．Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag
C．Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly
D．Finding a right time to go to sleep.
（2）The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _____.
A．the y circle around on their bikes
B．they use microcomputers without a stop
C．they exercise in one place for a long time
D．they watch a movie while pedaling
（3）Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _____.
A．their senses stop working
B．they have to stand up straight
C．they float out of their seats unexpectedly
D．whether they are able to go back to the station
（4）One of the NASA's major concerns about astronauts is _____.
A．how much exercise they do on the station
B．how they can remain healthy for long in space
C．whether they can recover after returning home
D．whether they are able to go back to the station
16．（2015·湖北）阅读理解
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature What are the sources of character And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks' story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks' attempt to translate his tale into science.
（1）The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.
A．illustrate where science can be applied
B．demonstrate the value of Brooks' new book
C．remind the reader of the importance of science
D．explain why many writers use science in their works
（2）According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book
A．Its strong basis. B．Its convincing points.
C．Its clear writing. D．Its memorable characters.
（3）What is the author's general attitude towards the book
A．Contradictory. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Critical.
（4）What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph
A．Problems with the book. B．Brooks's life experience.
C．Death of the characters. D．Brooks's translation skills.
四、完成句子
17．（2015·湖北）阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight) 令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。 答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
（1）If she had been aware that the muchroom were poisonous,she 　 　them for dinner.(pick)
要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她不会采来做晚餐了。
（2）　 　the beef being cooked on the stove,the mother pictured the whole family having meals together.(look)
看着炉子上炖着的牛肉，妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。
（3）The director,　 　a dorm-room in the Film Academy, has already make four films.(share)
这位导演已经执导了四部电影，在电影学院求学时杰克与他同住在一间寝室。
（4）Into the complete silence of the waiting class　 　, “Good morning,children.”(come)
在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好”。
（5）　 　will not make any difference to our arrangements.(say)
无论她说什么，都是不会对我们的安排有影响。
（6）We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us 　 　the task or not.(undertake).
现在我们必须采取行动。你就告诉我们，你能否承担这项任务吧。
（7）The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project 　 　by the students independently.(finish)
教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。
（8）　 　that they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty .(be)
就是在这个湖里，他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。
（9）　 　to only a few people here,his reputation abroad is very great.(know).
虽然这里只有几个人知道他，但他在国外的名气却很大。、
（10）Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely 　 　at a very young age.(from).
许多坏习惯特殊气味难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。
五、书面表达
18．（2015·湖北）请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，有英语写一篇短文。
Questioning is a bridge to learning. When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer,you will learn.
注意：1.无须写标题；2.除诗歌外，文体不限；3.内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；4.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；5.词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析；名词
【解析】 【分析】句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，重重地摔了一跤。A项“平衡”；B项“机会”；C项“记忆”；D项“地方”。lose one's balance“失去平衡”。故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配lose one's balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”；故选C项
【点评】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。
3．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题以便找到解决问题的方法。A项“面对”；B项“阻止”；c项“提出，举起”；D项“分析”。故选D项。
【点评】四个选项都可以与problem构成搭配，但只有一个符合句意。考生一定要结合语境，抓住句中的关键词，“find the best solution（找到最佳解决办法）”，“so that”这里引导的是目的状语从句，据此判断前面应为分析问题“analyze the problem”。考生应注意：切不可只根据搭配，这样可能会做出错误的选择。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了不被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A项“低声说，私语”；B项“发信号，（用手势）示意”；C项“（正式）宣称”；D项“抱怨”。故选B项。
【点评】此题有一定难度，涉及到“熟词新义”。signal基本义是“发信号”，而“示意，暗示”这一“新义”需要靠考生平时积累。当然，还可以运用关键词法，“pointed her finger upwards（她用手向上指）”，据此可以推知这一动作就是在“示意，暗示”。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语秘和外国人交流。A项“遗漏，省略”；3B项“违背，和……作对”；C项“在于”；D项“编造，组成，化女，和好”。故选C项。
【点评】考生要注意这里的he和candidate指的是同一个人，弄清这一点，再分析他的优势与他用英语跟外国人交流的能力之间的关系，很容易判断出“优势在于……”这层关系。另外考生注意积累There is no doubt that“毫无疑问”这一常考结构。
6．【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】 【分析】句意：另胆心，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的，A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。
【点评】本题语境贴近学生生活，生活中我们都有过这样的经历，找不到的东西过段时间又自己冒出来，考生可以利用这一语境并联系日常生活作答该题。另外，还可以抓住题干中的关键词“Don't worry”和“sooner or later”迅速锁定正确答案。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；形容词
【解析】 【分析】句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项“守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选B项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。根据题干中的关键词“hurry a little”可推知他想要准时（守时）。考生容易误选C项efficient“有效率的”，侧重指积极有效，效率高，效果好，节省精力。指人时，强调其能干、熟练的技巧。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】 【分析】句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点，A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与……平行”；C项“和……相关”；D项“和……相似”。berelevant to“和……相关”。故选C项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。四个选项都有“be+adj.+to”的用法，但意义相差较大。根据题干中的关键词“missed the point（跑题，没抓住要点）”可推知他所说的和话题无关。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】副词的辨析；频度副词
【解析】【分析】句意：那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极，（比以前）更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”；B项“通常，经常”；C项“以前”；D项“仅仅”。故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析副词词义的能力。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】 【分析】句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A项“提前”；B项“详细地”；C项“总共，总计”；D项“大体上，笼统地”；故选A项。
【点评】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。题干中的关键词“if you smoked here you would be fined”这一虚拟语气表示这是假设的情况，因此是在“提前”警告某人。另外，考生应注意积累“in+n.(+of)”这一常考搭配。
11．【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）C；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）C；（20）C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个卖报的人通过诚信卖报而获得一位绅士的认可，最终获得一份薪水丰厚的工作。
（1）考查名词。A. shops”商店“；B. coins”硬币“；C. people”人们“；D. papers”报纸“。根据上文提到“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm手里还有很多报纸，可知还有20多份没有卖完，故选D项。
（2）考查形容词。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重，故选B项。
（3）考查介词短语。A项“代替，而不是”；B项“作为回报”；C项“不管，不顾”；D项“以换取……”根据下文“…to make more money to…”可知，小男孩准备把剩下的报纸而不是钱带回家，故选A项。
（4）考查名词。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。根据下文“…and the cake he wanted to buy…”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食，故选D项。
（5）考查动词短语。A项“让步，屈服”；B项“精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。句意：当他想到没能卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了，故选B项。
（6）考查名词。A项“困难”；B项“过程”；C项“目标”；D项“秘诀”。句意：你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊：“热点新闻！爆炸新闻！”，故选D项。
（7）考查连词。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。句意：“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词but，故选B项。
（8）考查连词。A项“在……之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉，故选A项。
（9）考查动词。A. call”打电话“；B. drop”掉了“；C. sell”卖“；D. reach”到达“。句意：你会把报纸卖完，拿到钱，故选C项。
（10）考查名词。A. edition ”版本“；B. idea”想法“；C. policy”政策“；D. task”任务“。句意：这对于Jason来说是个新主意，故选B项。
（11）考查名词。A项 “面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。根据上文“…he wanted to buy a __ for his mother and some seeds for his bird”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”，故选C项。
（12）考查形容词。A项 “担心的”；B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。句意：……, 但他坚决不会说谎，故选D项。
（13）考查连词。A项 “仍然”；B项“已经”；C项“仅仅”；D项“也”。句意：尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育，故选C项。
（14）考查动词。A项 “教授”；B项“上交”；C项“奖励”；D项“允许”。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育，故选A项。
（15）考查固定搭配。A项 “立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样”；D项“故意地”。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸，故选C项。
（16）考查形容词。A项 “自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸，故选A项。
（17）考查动词辨析。A项 “借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱，故选B项。
（18）考查动词。A项 “嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”，故选A项。
（19）考查副词。A项 “勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”故选C项。
（20）考查名词。A项 “责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项“工作”；D项“方法”。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作，故选C项。
【点评】本题考点涉，形容词。名词，动词、连词、副词以及介词短语短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】细节理解题；人物故事类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift(迁移).”可知不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选C项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The purpose of a pony drift is to …Some of them are also…, in order to limit the number of ponies…”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“…, assuming he was just rolling for fun,…”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.”可知保护马驹是对Dartmoor来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Start with herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“there is a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,'”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。
（4）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；政治经济类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了荷兰Hilversum这一地区的地貌特征、工业发展和现代建筑。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually a hilly area …”可知Hilversum不同于荷兰其他地方之处在于它属于沙土丘陵地带。故选D项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum”可知Brennikmeijers为Hilversum 的纺织业做出了巨大的贡献。故选B项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三中的“The change to a media economy started in 1920, … established a radio factory in Hilversum”可知Hilversum传媒业兴起的兴起是以一家无线电厂的建立为标志的。故选A项。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“His master piece… It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks”可知W. M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall是建筑教科书中的一个典范。故选C项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
15．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选A项。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. …You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Your inner ear thinks you're failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying-that's why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy…NASA is worried about two things :… and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness…”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
16．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。并以Brooks的新书The social animal为例，批判地分析这本书的优势和不足。
（1）考查写作意图。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。故选D项。
（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“…, his writing is mostly clear and , to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,… ”可知作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。故选C项。
（3）考查观点态度。最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选D项。
（4）考查篇章结构。文章最后一段中链接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此紧接着作者应该还是在写这本的不足。故选A项。
【点评】本题考点涉及写作意图、推理判断、观点态度和篇章结构四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）not have picked
（2）Looking at When/While (she was) looking at
（3）with whom Jack shared/who shared with Jack
（4）came the teacher's sweet voice
（5）she says
（6）whether/if you can undertake
（7）had (already) been finished
（8）It was in this lake
（9）Although/Though he is known
（10）to have been formed
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】完成句子主要考查词汇在具体语境中的语法运用，涉及时态语态、定语从句、倒装句、强调句型、非谓语动词及固定搭配等常见的语法知识点，覆盖面较广，有一定难度。
（1）考查虚拟语气。前面if虚拟条件句形式为had been（对过去的虚拟），后面主句形式与其形式保持一致，结合句意，应用would not have done的形式，因此答案为：would not have picked 。
（2）考查非谓语动词。前面分词的逻辑主语应与后面主句的主语保持一致，且与主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。也可以在前面加上表示伴随的时间连词when/while。因此答案为：Looking at或者When/While (she was) looking at。
（3）考查定语从句。先行词the director，再根据搭配share sth. with sb.可知答案为：with whom Jack shared/who shared with Jack。
（4）考查倒装句。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。因此答案为：came the teacher's sweet voice。
（5）考查wh-ever引导的名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该空为whatever引导的主语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。因此答案为：Whatever she says。
（6）考查whether/if引导的宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空为whether/if引导引导的是宾语从句。whether/if…or not为固定搭配，意为“是否……”。因此答案为：you can undertake。
（7）考查时态。根据句意可知，finish动作发生在was delighted to find that…之前，故用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，且与project构成逻辑上的动宾关系。因此答案为：had (already) been finished。
（8）考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was +被强调部分（通常为主语/宾语/表语/状语）+其他成分”，该句中in this lake（地点状语）提前被强调。因此答案为：It was in this lake。
（9）考查although/though引导的让步状语从句和固定搭配。根据句意，结合sb./sth. be known to sb.固定搭配可知答案为：Although/Though he is known
（10）考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。 sb. be likely to do ”某人很有可能做……“，不定式部分用have (been) done表示不定式动作已经发生（完成），因此答案为：to have been formed。
【点评】本题考点涉及虚拟语气，非谓语动词，定语从句，倒装句，名词性从句，动词时态，强调句型，让步状语从句以及不定式完成式等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
18．【答案】Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more. Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it. Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Half an hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my independent thinking. From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
【知识点】开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇开放式作文，要求考生根据提示，并结合具体事例，完成一篇英语短文。写作之前必须认真审题，注意描述具体事例时要用过去时态，人称用第一人称，内容紧紧围绕所给的主题，最后要有总结，形成首尾呼应。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.包含了条件状语从句，宾语从句和主语从句；Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it.运用了让步状语从句；
When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.运用了时间状语从句； From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.包含宾语从句和定语从句。
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