2015年高考英语真题试卷（湖南卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·湖南）It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A．which B．that C．where D．how
【答案】B
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。根据分析：此句是It was…开头且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；故选B。
【点评】考查强调句型，结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)… 。
2．（2015·湖南）As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.
A．will find B．found C．had found D．have found
【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】一般将来时表将要发生的动作或情况，在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况，句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历，根据句意，判断主语的时态为一般将来时，故选A
【点评】本题旨在考查句子的时态，要求学生明确地掌握各个时态的定义以及它们在时间上的划分段和用法。“助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态，共有四种主要用法：一、现在完成时表示影响；二、现在完成时表示持续；三、现在完成时表示重复；四、现在完成时表示将来。而在此题中As you go through this book是一个现在时了，所以后文就不能出现过去时或过去完成时。虽然在此题中没有明确的时间状语，但从意思上还是可以理解出来的。
3．（2015·湖南）Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A．I did discover B．did I discover
C． I discovered D．discovered
【答案】B
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间大语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装，如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装，此题中only作为福词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two student,所以主句要进行部分倒装，部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前，如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词ddoes或did并将其置于主语之前，句意：在和两个学校谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大f素，故选B
【点评】本题旨在考查学生是否知道only置于句首主句的句子要进行部分倒装以及部分倒装的定义。副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装，但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装。after talking to two students是一个状语，故对主语进行倒装。要求学生熟练掌握这个知识点。
4．（2015·湖南）Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A． to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left
【答案】D
【知识点】分词；非谓语动词；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良景晌。leave与其逻辑主语video games 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left是状语从句的省略形式。所以答案选 D。
【点评】一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句；由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则：（1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be 。（2）当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，但从句主语是 it，从句中又含有系动词be 的某种形式时 ，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此题的形式属于：连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词 。完整的句子就是：Video games can be a poor influence if they are left in the wrong hands.
5．（2015·湖南）I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________, "What do you wish me to do now "
A．ask B． have asked C．am asking D．asked
【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，此题主句的时态：一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故从句时态也要用一般过去时，句意：我不能隐藏我的，渴望，当我问道，“你现在希望我做些什么？故选D，
【点评】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的I wasn't able to是一个提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。
6．（2015·湖南）You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
A．what B．that C．where D．who
【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】根据分析可知：You have to know后面是一个宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词连接代词有：who，whom，whose，which，what在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语，连接副词有：when，where，why，how，在句中担任状语的成分you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.是一个完整的句子，所以应该用连接副词来引导从句，句意：如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案，你必须知道你将要去哪里，故选C：
【点评】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达。
7．（2015·湖南）It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve.
A． is; takes B．are; takes C．are; take D．is; take
【答案】A
【知识点】主谓一致
【解析】【分析】主谓一致指人称和数两方面的一致关系，根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句....that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day的主语是success一个单数名词，故谓语要用is，后面的句子；often ________ years of achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要，
【点评】本题旨在考查主谓一致原则，要求学生掌握这一原则和用法，确定句子主语的单复数，不要受其他干扰项干扰而答错。主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 4）就远原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于离它最远的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
8．（2015·湖南）He must have sensed that I ________ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that "
A．would look at B．looked at
C．was looking at D．am looking at
【答案】C
【知识点】过去进行时；宾语从句的时态
【解析】【分析】过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作，如果没有具体的时间可以从意义上去把握，句意：他一定是注意到我在看着他，他突然看向我然后轻声问道：你为什么要那样盯着我看？根据分析，此句在意义上应用进行时，又根据此句中must have sensed 和glanced at 判断时间在过去，综合起来就是过去进行时，故选C。
【点评】根据选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如根据本题的He must have sensed和He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。
9．（2015·湖南）It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A．as B．where C．that D．which
【答案】D
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】根据分析，此句是一个非限性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导，as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况，因此引导的非限制性从句位置比较灵活，which可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中；而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后，选用which句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的，故选D，
【点评】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
10．（2015·湖南）________ what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life
for it
A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made
【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：让你今天所做的重要，因为你在经营你生命中的一天。根据句中的连词because，可以排除前一句用非谓语动词，故所以主句是祈使句，故A正确。
【点评】考查动词用法，本题涉及祈使句的应用，用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。
11．（2015·湖南）I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why C．when D．where
【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。这是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为the day，在从句my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故C正确。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
12．（2015·湖南）All we need ________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A．are B．was C．is D．were
【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的果树。句中的主语为代词all，代指的是物，故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。故C正确。
【点评】考查主谓一致及时态，本题涉及一般现在时的应用。
13．（2015·湖南）It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.
A．that B．which C．what D．who
【答案】A
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。本题强调主语not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do。故A正确。
【点评】考查强调句型，其结构：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。
14．（2015·湖南）Whenever you ________ a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
A．bought B．have bought C．will buy D．buy
【答案】D
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：无论什么时候你要买一件礼物，你应当考虑来自接受者的观点。whenever引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。故D正确。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及时间状语从句的一般现在时代替将来时。
15．（2015·湖南）________ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A．Having freed B．Freed C．To free D．Freeing
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了解除我们自己生理和心理的紧张，我们每个人都需要深刻的思考和内心的宁静。不定式作目的状语，用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式和不定式短语作目的状语。
二、阅读理解
16．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real Danger We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers. ■Yes, many cyclists behave dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders. People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. The rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision. The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. ——Michael Horan ■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints, May 29). I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads. I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me. The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used. The police do nothing. What a laugh they are! The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them. ——Carol Harvey ■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red. I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him. Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim. ——JML Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
（1）Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _______.
A．drivers should be polite to cyclists
B．road accidents can actually be avoided
C．sine pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D．walking while using phones hurts one's eyes
（2）Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should _______.
A．be provided with enough roads
B．be asked to ride on their own lanes
C．be made to pay less tax for cycling
D．be fined for laughing at policemen
（3）What is a complaint of JML
A．Very few drivers are insured.
B．Cyclists ride fast on pavements.
C．Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.
D．Horse riders disrespect other road users.
（4）The underlined word "they" in the third letter refers to ______.
A．accidents B．vehicles C．pedestrians D．cyclists
（5）The three letters present viewpoints on _______.
A．real source of road danger B．ways to improve road facilities
C．measures to punish road offences D．increased awareness of road rules
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】主旨大意；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，围绕一个主题展开一场争论——谁才是马路安全隐患的威胁。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.“但是，路人可能才是更严重的罪犯，可知Michael Horan的观点是，路人对道路安全存在威胁，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第八段中的”The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets.“可知Carol Harvey建议骑自行车的人应该在他们应该走的车道去骑。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的”Cyclists jump on and off pavements(which are meant for pedestrians)，ride at speed along the pavement, and think they have special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red“可知JML抱怨骑自行车的人骑的太快，对道路安全产生隐患，故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be tranced and there might be an opportunity to claim.“JML希望对自行车拥有者登记，当他们撞到行人或者车辆、制造出车祸的时候，他们能够被追查到，所以They在此指的是cyclists。故选D。
（5）考查主旨大意。根据文章的标题和所有读者的来信不难发现这篇文章主要是围绕到底谁（自行车或者行人）才是道路安全存在的隐患。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
17．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies,“No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire bulidings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building
That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.
（1）The author mentions the joke to show_________.
A．horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B．Chicago' streets were extremely muddy
C．Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D．the Chicago people were particularly humorous
（2）The city planners were convinced by Elllis Chesbrough to__________.
A．get rid of the street dirt B．lower the Chicago River
C．fight against heavy floods D．build the pipes above ground
（3）The underlined word”hoist”in Paragraph 4 means ___________
A．change B．lift C．repair D．decorate
（4）What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel
A．It went on smoothly as intended.
B．It interrupted the business of the hotel.
C．It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
D．It separated the bulding from its foundation.
（5）The passage is mainly about early Chicago's _________
A．popular life styles and their influences
B．environmental disasters and their causes
C．engineering problems and their solutions
D．successful businessmen and their achievements
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了芝加哥城的问题和改造方案。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”In early history Chicago had floors frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck.“可知芝加哥因为洪水的经常泛滥导致大街上总是泥泞不堪，行人，马和车全部都堵在路上。所以作者提及那个玩笑是为了突出芝加哥这一特点，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”An engineer named Eill Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover then cover with dirt.“可知以 Eill Chesbrough为首的人们认为应该在地上埋下排水管道，故选D。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的”Small wood-frame building could be lifted fairly easily.“可知另一种方法就是将建筑升高。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.“在Pullman的指导下，每个人同时抬起他们手中的千斤顶，因此建筑就被慢慢地、平整地抬起来了，可知A项正确, 故选A。
（5）考查主旨大意。第一段就提出芝加哥城所存在的问题，接下来的段落讨论了解决这个问题的一些方法，最后一段讲到这些方法虽然解决当前的问题，但是随之而来的又会冒出一些新的问题有待解决。故文章大致上讲述的是建造的问题与解决办法，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
18．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly Imagine having your entire houses, garage, and yard inspected at any time -- with no warning. Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on results. A few times each year, an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station. The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keeper sometimes had advance notice.
Once lighthouses had telephones, keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching. After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector aboard, the keeper's family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first. As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes. The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap. Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.
Despite the serious nature of inspections, they resulted in some funny moments. Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. At the time, people did not have dishwashers in their homes. In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven. If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking. he never did.
One day, Glenn Furst's mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house. Like floor wax, the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood. This time, though, she used a little too much oil. When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn's mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. "He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight," Glenn late wrote. After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
（1）What does Paragraph I tell us about the inspection at the light station
A．It was carried out once a year.
B．It was often announced in advance.
C．It was important for the keeper's fame.
D．It was focused on the garage and yard.
（2）The family began making preparations immediately after ______.
A．one of the members saw the boat
B．a warning call reached the lighthouse
C．the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D．the inspector flew special flags in the distance
（3）Mrs. Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would ______.
A．result in some fun B．speed up washing them
C．make her home look tidy D．be a demand from the inspector
（4）If the inspector had opened the oven door, he would have seen _______.
A．an empty pan B．many clean dishes
C．pieces of baked bread D．a cloth covering something
（5）The inspector waved his arms ______.
A．to try his best to keep steady
B．to show his satisfaction with the floor
C．to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother
D．to express his intention to continue the inspection
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了如何利用各种方法应对巡视员的突袭。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”and a keeper's reputation depended on the results.“看守人的名声取决于结果的好坏，可知选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes.“可知在建庭成员中一旦有人发现船的到来，全家人就开始快速准备。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. “可知没有时间在检查之前去洗所有的碗，所以Mrs.Byrnes将所有的碗都丢进了烤箱避免被inspector发现。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Mrs.Byrnes toss all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth, and stuck them in the oven.“可知当inspector打开烤箱的时候他只会看到一块盖着布的某物，故选D。
（5）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though noting had happened.“可知inspector挥动着他的双手保持平衡。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
三、短文填空
19．（2015·湖南）短文填空
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all you information, you don't have to go to library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for you research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed the amount of information. You need to learn to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, need to check the accuracy of it.
【答案】if；the；and；shouldn't；more；with；how；you
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了如何对要做研究的数据、信息经行收集和筛选。
（1）考查连词。作者开头所说的研究变得简单且复杂，然后根据后文的“you can find information you need by searching the Internet.”可知作者想分别说简单之处和复杂之处分别在哪，作者首先说了简单之处在哪。句意：如果你有电脑，你就你能够通过上网找到你需要的信息。故填if。
（2）考查冠词。go to the library“去图书馆”。句意：你所要的信息，都不需要去图书馆找相关资料，做笔记。故填the.
（3）考查连词。句意：相反，你可以从网上找到你想要的资料然后将它们打印下来。find resource和print the copies是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
（4）考查情态动词。根据前文作者告诉我们：你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的资料。句意：那就是说，你不应该常常依赖于互联网。故填shouldn't。
（5）考查形容词。根据第一段中的“Research has become both simpler and more complex.”可知第一段说完研究变得更简单后，此段开始陈述研究的复杂之处，故填more。
（6）考查介词。be overwhelmed with固定短语“忙着做…...”。句意：有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着你将忙于筛选各种信息。故填with。
（7）考查连词。句意：你需要知道怎样从中筛选出对你研究有用的相关信息。根据句意，故填how。
（8）考查代词。根据分析，此句缺少主语，故填you，而不是其他代词，因为上一句的主语是you，且有also作为连接。句意：当然，你也需要去求证它们的准确性。故填you。
【点评】本题考点涉及连词，冠词，情态动词，形容词，介词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的单词形式。
四、任务型阅读
20．（2015·湖南）任务型阅读
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Not all print dictionaries are the same, as you will notice when you select one. To make a wise selection, you should know how to distinguish among three kinds of print dictionaries: pocket, desk, and unabridged. You should also know the copyright date of your dictionary, and check is special features.
A pocket dictionary is small. Generally, it contains no more than 75000 entries, making it hardly to carry to class and efficient to use. However, a pocket dictionary doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework. In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited. A desk dictionary is medium sized, generally containing over 100,000 entries as well as extra features. For college work, you should own a current desk dictionary. An unabridged dictionary is a complete dictionary. Abridged dictionaries, such as pocket and desk dictionaries, are shortened. Because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy. They are often used by schools and libraries.
If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago, consider investing in a more recent edition. English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning, spelling, and usage of familiar words. This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.
In selecting a dictionary, check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions. Many editions contain signs, symbols and foreign words. Some also contain CD-ROMs and access to special online features.
⒈ ⒉ ⒊ ⒋ ⒌ ⒍ ⒎ ⒏ ⒐ ⒑
【答案】Select；inadequate；word information；desk dictionary；extra features；large and heavy；schools and libraries；admitting new words；cheek；access to
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。
（1）考查动词。本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。故填Select.
（2）考查形容词。根据第二段中的“However, a pocket dictionary doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework.”可知作者认为口袋字典不能用来作为写家庭作业的参考。不能够胜任: inadequate for…。故填inadequate。
（3）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited”可知口袋字典里每个单词的意思是有限的。故填word information
（4）考查信息理解。根据题目中的第二个方框里给出的信息可知作者写完pocket dictionary后接着写第二种字典：desk dictionary。故填desk dictionary。
（5）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170,000 entries as well as extra features.”可知中等体积是desk dictionary的外特点。故填extra features。
（6）考查形容词。根据第二段中的“because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy”故填large and heavy。
（7）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“They are often used by schools and libraries. ”可知unabridged dictionaries适用于学校和图书馆。故填schools and librarie。
（8）考查信息理解。根据第三段的第二句话:可知英语是一种动态的语言，所以字典也应该及时地更新，允许心的单词加入。故填admitting new words。
（9）考查动词。根据第四段中的“In selecting a dictionary ,check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions.”可知题目中最后一个方框里的三条信息所讲的是选择字典时要检查词汇意外的特点，故填check。
（10）考查信息理解。根据最后一段中的“Some also contain CD-ROMS and access to special online features.”可知，故填access to。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，根据所给题目，进行分析推理，写出正确答案。
五、阅读表达
21．（2015·湖南）任务型阅读
Walk Out of the Comfort Zone and Try New Things
For most high school students, free periods are useless. From what I have seen, few do homework, instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any. As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes. Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don't try it.
In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. One of the projects was to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly, so it broke in the kiln (窑). I found out that I have no artistic ability at all, and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist. However, the class was one of my favorites that year. I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point. By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would have never needed to take. So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college. The classes we choose can impact us in future. Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.
（1）How should we use our extra periods in the author's opinion
（2）Why does the author think we should experiment in different fields of study
（3）Why did the clay pot show the author's lack of artistic ability
（4）According to the author, how will taking optional subjects impact up in the future
【答案】（1）We should use them to take optional subjects
（2）We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.
（3）It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
（4）It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
【知识点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作为一个学生我们应该不断地区尝试新的内容来丰富我们的大脑，增长经验。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第一段中的“As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.”可知作者认为应该用课外时间去学一些课外的科目。故填We should use them to take optional subjects.
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.”可知道答案，又因为字数有限，所以将we don't try it 改成without trying it.故填We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don't try it.
（3）考查细节归纳。根据第三段中的“One of the projects were to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly so it broke in the kiln.”可知作者因为做错了陶罐导致它摔碎，从而得知自己没有艺术家的天分。故填It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
（4）考查细节归纳。根据最后一段中的“The class we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects t will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.”可知去学选修课可以丰富我们的大脑，让我们成为一个多才多艺的大学生。故填It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析归纳，从而写出正确答案。
六、书面表达
22．（2015·湖南）请以老师当众表扬你为话题，用下面所给的句子开头，续写一篇英语短文。
As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
注意：1. 将所有句子写在答题卡上；2. 续写词数不少于120个；3. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
【答案】As a student，I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates。
Yesterday afternoon,LiMing and Iwent home together after school. Suddenly we saw an old lady knocked down by a car.Li Ming and I ran over to find the old lady 's head was bleeding .She had already lost consciousness. Immediately I took out my handkerchief and covered the wound with it.Li Ming stopped a taxi quickly. Together we put the old lady into the taxi and drove herto the nearest hospital.
The old lady was saved and we also felt very pleased.What's more, I remembered the number of the car, and the traffic police caught the driver later.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文要求考生考生以老师当众表扬你为话题，续写一篇英语短文。本文没有给出具体的要点，是一篇开放性作文，因此考生可以发挥的内容是可以根据自己的经历，对事件进行具体描述。写作时还要注意文章的时态使用一般现在时，用第一人。写作时注意多使用高级词汇和多种句式，选用合适的连接词或者过渡词，提高文章的可读性，让文章连贯流畅。写作完成必须认真查验是否有拼写错误及标点误用等。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
1 / 12015年高考英语真题试卷（湖南卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·湖南）It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A．which B．that C．where D．how
2．（2015·湖南）As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.
A．will find B．found C．had found D．have found
3．（2015·湖南）Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A．I did discover B．did I discover
C． I discovered D．discovered
4．（2015·湖南）Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A． to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left
5．（2015·湖南）I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________, "What do you wish me to do now "
A．ask B． have asked C．am asking D．asked
6．（2015·湖南）You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
A．what B．that C．where D．who
7．（2015·湖南）It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve.
A． is; takes B．are; takes C．are; take D．is; take
8．（2015·湖南）He must have sensed that I ________ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that "
A．would look at B．looked at
C．was looking at D．am looking at
9．（2015·湖南）It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A．as B．where C．that D．which
10．（2015·湖南）________ what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life
for it
A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made
11．（2015·湖南）I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why C．when D．where
12．（2015·湖南）All we need ________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A．are B．was C．is D．were
13．（2015·湖南）It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.
A．that B．which C．what D．who
14．（2015·湖南）Whenever you ________ a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
A．bought B．have bought C．will buy D．buy
15．（2015·湖南）________ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A．Having freed B．Freed C．To free D．Freeing
二、阅读理解
16．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real Danger We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers. ■Yes, many cyclists behave dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders. People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. The rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision. The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. ——Michael Horan ■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints, May 29). I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads. I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me. The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used. The police do nothing. What a laugh they are! The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them. ——Carol Harvey ■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red. I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him. Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim. ——JML Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
（1）Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _______.
A．drivers should be polite to cyclists
B．road accidents can actually be avoided
C．sine pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D．walking while using phones hurts one's eyes
（2）Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should _______.
A．be provided with enough roads
B．be asked to ride on their own lanes
C．be made to pay less tax for cycling
D．be fined for laughing at policemen
（3）What is a complaint of JML
A．Very few drivers are insured.
B．Cyclists ride fast on pavements.
C．Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.
D．Horse riders disrespect other road users.
（4）The underlined word "they" in the third letter refers to ______.
A．accidents B．vehicles C．pedestrians D．cyclists
（5）The three letters present viewpoints on _______.
A．real source of road danger B．ways to improve road facilities
C．measures to punish road offences D．increased awareness of road rules
17．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies,“No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire bulidings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building
That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.
（1）The author mentions the joke to show_________.
A．horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B．Chicago' streets were extremely muddy
C．Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D．the Chicago people were particularly humorous
（2）The city planners were convinced by Elllis Chesbrough to__________.
A．get rid of the street dirt B．lower the Chicago River
C．fight against heavy floods D．build the pipes above ground
（3）The underlined word”hoist”in Paragraph 4 means ___________
A．change B．lift C．repair D．decorate
（4）What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel
A．It went on smoothly as intended.
B．It interrupted the business of the hotel.
C．It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
D．It separated the bulding from its foundation.
（5）The passage is mainly about early Chicago's _________
A．popular life styles and their influences
B．environmental disasters and their causes
C．engineering problems and their solutions
D．successful businessmen and their achievements
18．（2015·湖南）阅读理解
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly Imagine having your entire houses, garage, and yard inspected at any time -- with no warning. Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on results. A few times each year, an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station. The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keeper sometimes had advance notice.
Once lighthouses had telephones, keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching. After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector aboard, the keeper's family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first. As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes. The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap. Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.
Despite the serious nature of inspections, they resulted in some funny moments. Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. At the time, people did not have dishwashers in their homes. In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven. If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking. he never did.
One day, Glenn Furst's mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house. Like floor wax, the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood. This time, though, she used a little too much oil. When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn's mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. "He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight," Glenn late wrote. After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
（1）What does Paragraph I tell us about the inspection at the light station
A．It was carried out once a year.
B．It was often announced in advance.
C．It was important for the keeper's fame.
D．It was focused on the garage and yard.
（2）The family began making preparations immediately after ______.
A．one of the members saw the boat
B．a warning call reached the lighthouse
C．the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D．the inspector flew special flags in the distance
（3）Mrs. Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would ______.
A．result in some fun B．speed up washing them
C．make her home look tidy D．be a demand from the inspector
（4）If the inspector had opened the oven door, he would have seen _______.
A．an empty pan B．many clean dishes
C．pieces of baked bread D．a cloth covering something
（5）The inspector waved his arms ______.
A．to try his best to keep steady
B．to show his satisfaction with the floor
C．to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother
D．to express his intention to continue the inspection
三、短文填空
19．（2015·湖南）短文填空
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all you information, you don't have to go to library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for you research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed the amount of information. You need to learn to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, need to check the accuracy of it.
四、任务型阅读
20．（2015·湖南）任务型阅读
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Not all print dictionaries are the same, as you will notice when you select one. To make a wise selection, you should know how to distinguish among three kinds of print dictionaries: pocket, desk, and unabridged. You should also know the copyright date of your dictionary, and check is special features.
A pocket dictionary is small. Generally, it contains no more than 75000 entries, making it hardly to carry to class and efficient to use. However, a pocket dictionary doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework. In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited. A desk dictionary is medium sized, generally containing over 100,000 entries as well as extra features. For college work, you should own a current desk dictionary. An unabridged dictionary is a complete dictionary. Abridged dictionaries, such as pocket and desk dictionaries, are shortened. Because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy. They are often used by schools and libraries.
If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago, consider investing in a more recent edition. English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning, spelling, and usage of familiar words. This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.
In selecting a dictionary, check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions. Many editions contain signs, symbols and foreign words. Some also contain CD-ROMs and access to special online features.
⒈ ⒉ ⒊ ⒋ ⒌ ⒍ ⒎ ⒏ ⒐ ⒑
五、阅读表达
21．（2015·湖南）任务型阅读
Walk Out of the Comfort Zone and Try New Things
For most high school students, free periods are useless. From what I have seen, few do homework, instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any. As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes. Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don't try it.
In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. One of the projects was to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly, so it broke in the kiln (窑). I found out that I have no artistic ability at all, and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist. However, the class was one of my favorites that year. I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point. By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would have never needed to take. So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college. The classes we choose can impact us in future. Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.
（1）How should we use our extra periods in the author's opinion
（2）Why does the author think we should experiment in different fields of study
（3）Why did the clay pot show the author's lack of artistic ability
（4）According to the author, how will taking optional subjects impact up in the future
六、书面表达
22．（2015·湖南）请以老师当众表扬你为话题，用下面所给的句子开头，续写一篇英语短文。
As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
注意：1. 将所有句子写在答题卡上；2. 续写词数不少于120个；3. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。根据分析：此句是It was…开头且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；故选B。
【点评】考查强调句型，结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)… 。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】一般将来时表将要发生的动作或情况，在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况，句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历，根据句意，判断主语的时态为一般将来时，故选A
【点评】本题旨在考查句子的时态，要求学生明确地掌握各个时态的定义以及它们在时间上的划分段和用法。“助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态，共有四种主要用法：一、现在完成时表示影响；二、现在完成时表示持续；三、现在完成时表示重复；四、现在完成时表示将来。而在此题中As you go through this book是一个现在时了，所以后文就不能出现过去时或过去完成时。虽然在此题中没有明确的时间状语，但从意思上还是可以理解出来的。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间大语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装，如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装，此题中only作为福词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two student,所以主句要进行部分倒装，部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前，如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词ddoes或did并将其置于主语之前，句意：在和两个学校谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大f素，故选B
【点评】本题旨在考查学生是否知道only置于句首主句的句子要进行部分倒装以及部分倒装的定义。副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装，但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装。after talking to two students是一个状语，故对主语进行倒装。要求学生熟练掌握这个知识点。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】分词；非谓语动词；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良景晌。leave与其逻辑主语video games 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left是状语从句的省略形式。所以答案选 D。
【点评】一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句；由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则：（1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be 。（2）当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，但从句主语是 it，从句中又含有系动词be 的某种形式时 ，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此题的形式属于：连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词 。完整的句子就是：Video games can be a poor influence if they are left in the wrong hands.
5．【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，此题主句的时态：一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故从句时态也要用一般过去时，句意：我不能隐藏我的，渴望，当我问道，“你现在希望我做些什么？故选D，
【点评】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的I wasn't able to是一个提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】根据分析可知：You have to know后面是一个宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词连接代词有：who，whom，whose，which，what在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语，连接副词有：when，where，why，how，在句中担任状语的成分you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.是一个完整的句子，所以应该用连接副词来引导从句，句意：如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案，你必须知道你将要去哪里，故选C：
【点评】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】主谓一致
【解析】【分析】主谓一致指人称和数两方面的一致关系，根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句....that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day的主语是success一个单数名词，故谓语要用is，后面的句子；often ________ years of achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要，
【点评】本题旨在考查主谓一致原则，要求学生掌握这一原则和用法，确定句子主语的单复数，不要受其他干扰项干扰而答错。主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 4）就远原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于离它最远的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】过去进行时；宾语从句的时态
【解析】【分析】过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作，如果没有具体的时间可以从意义上去把握，句意：他一定是注意到我在看着他，他突然看向我然后轻声问道：你为什么要那样盯着我看？根据分析，此句在意义上应用进行时，又根据此句中must have sensed 和glanced at 判断时间在过去，综合起来就是过去进行时，故选C。
【点评】根据选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如根据本题的He must have sensed和He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】根据分析，此句是一个非限性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导，as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况，因此引导的非限制性从句位置比较灵活，which可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中；而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后，选用which句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的，故选D，
【点评】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：让你今天所做的重要，因为你在经营你生命中的一天。根据句中的连词because，可以排除前一句用非谓语动词，故所以主句是祈使句，故A正确。
【点评】考查动词用法，本题涉及祈使句的应用，用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。这是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为the day，在从句my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故C正确。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的果树。句中的主语为代词all，代指的是物，故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。故C正确。
【点评】考查主谓一致及时态，本题涉及一般现在时的应用。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。本题强调主语not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do。故A正确。
【点评】考查强调句型，其结构：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：无论什么时候你要买一件礼物，你应当考虑来自接受者的观点。whenever引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。故D正确。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及时间状语从句的一般现在时代替将来时。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了解除我们自己生理和心理的紧张，我们每个人都需要深刻的思考和内心的宁静。不定式作目的状语，用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式和不定式短语作目的状语。
16．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】主旨大意；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，围绕一个主题展开一场争论——谁才是马路安全隐患的威胁。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.“但是，路人可能才是更严重的罪犯，可知Michael Horan的观点是，路人对道路安全存在威胁，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第八段中的”The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets.“可知Carol Harvey建议骑自行车的人应该在他们应该走的车道去骑。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的”Cyclists jump on and off pavements(which are meant for pedestrians)，ride at speed along the pavement, and think they have special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red“可知JML抱怨骑自行车的人骑的太快，对道路安全产生隐患，故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be tranced and there might be an opportunity to claim.“JML希望对自行车拥有者登记，当他们撞到行人或者车辆、制造出车祸的时候，他们能够被追查到，所以They在此指的是cyclists。故选D。
（5）考查主旨大意。根据文章的标题和所有读者的来信不难发现这篇文章主要是围绕到底谁（自行车或者行人）才是道路安全存在的隐患。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了芝加哥城的问题和改造方案。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”In early history Chicago had floors frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck.“可知芝加哥因为洪水的经常泛滥导致大街上总是泥泞不堪，行人，马和车全部都堵在路上。所以作者提及那个玩笑是为了突出芝加哥这一特点，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”An engineer named Eill Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover then cover with dirt.“可知以 Eill Chesbrough为首的人们认为应该在地上埋下排水管道，故选D。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的”Small wood-frame building could be lifted fairly easily.“可知另一种方法就是将建筑升高。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.“在Pullman的指导下，每个人同时抬起他们手中的千斤顶，因此建筑就被慢慢地、平整地抬起来了，可知A项正确, 故选A。
（5）考查主旨大意。第一段就提出芝加哥城所存在的问题，接下来的段落讨论了解决这个问题的一些方法，最后一段讲到这些方法虽然解决当前的问题，但是随之而来的又会冒出一些新的问题有待解决。故文章大致上讲述的是建造的问题与解决办法，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
18．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了如何利用各种方法应对巡视员的突袭。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”and a keeper's reputation depended on the results.“看守人的名声取决于结果的好坏，可知选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes.“可知在建庭成员中一旦有人发现船的到来，全家人就开始快速准备。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. “可知没有时间在检查之前去洗所有的碗，所以Mrs.Byrnes将所有的碗都丢进了烤箱避免被inspector发现。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Mrs.Byrnes toss all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth, and stuck them in the oven.“可知当inspector打开烤箱的时候他只会看到一块盖着布的某物，故选D。
（5）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though noting had happened.“可知inspector挥动着他的双手保持平衡。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
19．【答案】if；the；and；shouldn't；more；with；how；you
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了如何对要做研究的数据、信息经行收集和筛选。
（1）考查连词。作者开头所说的研究变得简单且复杂，然后根据后文的“you can find information you need by searching the Internet.”可知作者想分别说简单之处和复杂之处分别在哪，作者首先说了简单之处在哪。句意：如果你有电脑，你就你能够通过上网找到你需要的信息。故填if。
（2）考查冠词。go to the library“去图书馆”。句意：你所要的信息，都不需要去图书馆找相关资料，做笔记。故填the.
（3）考查连词。句意：相反，你可以从网上找到你想要的资料然后将它们打印下来。find resource和print the copies是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
（4）考查情态动词。根据前文作者告诉我们：你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的资料。句意：那就是说，你不应该常常依赖于互联网。故填shouldn't。
（5）考查形容词。根据第一段中的“Research has become both simpler and more complex.”可知第一段说完研究变得更简单后，此段开始陈述研究的复杂之处，故填more。
（6）考查介词。be overwhelmed with固定短语“忙着做…...”。句意：有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着你将忙于筛选各种信息。故填with。
（7）考查连词。句意：你需要知道怎样从中筛选出对你研究有用的相关信息。根据句意，故填how。
（8）考查代词。根据分析，此句缺少主语，故填you，而不是其他代词，因为上一句的主语是you，且有also作为连接。句意：当然，你也需要去求证它们的准确性。故填you。
【点评】本题考点涉及连词，冠词，情态动词，形容词，介词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的单词形式。
20．【答案】Select；inadequate；word information；desk dictionary；extra features；large and heavy；schools and libraries；admitting new words；cheek；access to
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。
（1）考查动词。本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。故填Select.
（2）考查形容词。根据第二段中的“However, a pocket dictionary doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework.”可知作者认为口袋字典不能用来作为写家庭作业的参考。不能够胜任: inadequate for…。故填inadequate。
（3）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited”可知口袋字典里每个单词的意思是有限的。故填word information
（4）考查信息理解。根据题目中的第二个方框里给出的信息可知作者写完pocket dictionary后接着写第二种字典：desk dictionary。故填desk dictionary。
（5）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170,000 entries as well as extra features.”可知中等体积是desk dictionary的外特点。故填extra features。
（6）考查形容词。根据第二段中的“because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy”故填large and heavy。
（7）考查信息理解。根据第二段中的“They are often used by schools and libraries. ”可知unabridged dictionaries适用于学校和图书馆。故填schools and librarie。
（8）考查信息理解。根据第三段的第二句话:可知英语是一种动态的语言，所以字典也应该及时地更新，允许心的单词加入。故填admitting new words。
（9）考查动词。根据第四段中的“In selecting a dictionary ,check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions.”可知题目中最后一个方框里的三条信息所讲的是选择字典时要检查词汇意外的特点，故填check。
（10）考查信息理解。根据最后一段中的“Some also contain CD-ROMS and access to special online features.”可知，故填access to。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，根据所给题目，进行分析推理，写出正确答案。
21．【答案】（1）We should use them to take optional subjects
（2）We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.
（3）It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
（4）It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
【知识点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作为一个学生我们应该不断地区尝试新的内容来丰富我们的大脑，增长经验。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第一段中的“As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.”可知作者认为应该用课外时间去学一些课外的科目。故填We should use them to take optional subjects.
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.”可知道答案，又因为字数有限，所以将we don't try it 改成without trying it.故填We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don't try it.
（3）考查细节归纳。根据第三段中的“One of the projects were to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly so it broke in the kiln.”可知作者因为做错了陶罐导致它摔碎，从而得知自己没有艺术家的天分。故填It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
（4）考查细节归纳。根据最后一段中的“The class we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects t will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.”可知去学选修课可以丰富我们的大脑，让我们成为一个多才多艺的大学生。故填It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳题型的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析归纳，从而写出正确答案。
22．【答案】As a student，I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates。
Yesterday afternoon,LiMing and Iwent home together after school. Suddenly we saw an old lady knocked down by a car.Li Ming and I ran over to find the old lady 's head was bleeding .She had already lost consciousness. Immediately I took out my handkerchief and covered the wound with it.Li Ming stopped a taxi quickly. Together we put the old lady into the taxi and drove herto the nearest hospital.
The old lady was saved and we also felt very pleased.What's more, I remembered the number of the car, and the traffic police caught the driver later.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文要求考生考生以老师当众表扬你为话题，续写一篇英语短文。本文没有给出具体的要点，是一篇开放性作文，因此考生可以发挥的内容是可以根据自己的经历，对事件进行具体描述。写作时还要注意文章的时态使用一般现在时，用第一人。写作时注意多使用高级词汇和多种句式，选用合适的连接词或者过渡词，提高文章的可读性，让文章连贯流畅。写作完成必须认真查验是否有拼写错误及标点误用等。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
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