2015年高考英语真题试卷（天津卷）

2015年高考英语真题试卷（天津卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·天津）—Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you.
—______, but don't do that again!
A．Go ahead B．Forget it C．It depends D．With pleasure
2．（2015·天津）The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A．that B．one C．it D．this
3．（2015·天津） Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A．she realized B．has she realized
C．she has realized D．did she realize
4．（2015·天津）— Jack, you seem excited.
—______ I won the first prize in the English speech contest.
A．Guess what B．So what C．Pardon me D．Who cares
5．（2015·天津）______in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
A．To absorb B．To be absorbed
C．Absorbed D．Absorbing
6．（2015·天津）Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A．will teach B．would teach
C．has taught D．will be teaching
7．（2015·天津） I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't
8．（2015·天津）______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked
9．（2015·天津）Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.
A．has been reached B．was reached
C．will reach D．will have reached
10．（2015·天津）Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A．turn in B．turn down C．turn over D．turn to
11．（2015·天津）If you have any doubts about your health, you'd better______ your doctor at once.
A．convince B．consult C．avoid D．affect
12．（2015·天津）We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it.
A．while B．after C．before D．as
13．（2015·天津）I wish I ______ at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A．will be B．would be C．have been D．had been
14．（2015·天津）See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
A．have B．make C．display D．bring
15．（2015·天津）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.
A．where B．which C．when D．who
二、完形填空
16．（2015·天津）完形填空
My fiancé and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were （1） and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent （2） a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was （3） our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look （4） .
We finally did and it was （5） at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and （6） of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of （7） it would be like to live there.
Days later, we made a(n) （8） —far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't （9） us. They renewed their offer （10） . It was also much more than we could afford, but far （11） than the original asking price.
The next day, we got a （12） message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the （13） directly. We made our final offer, which （14） was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it, （15） we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he （16） : He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd （17） the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a （18） by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the （19） in the price “an early wedding present。“
That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are （20） they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met.
（1）A．needed B．limited C．enough D．large
（2）A．recommended B．decorated C．sold D．rented
（3）A．below B．within C．beyond D．between
（4）A．at least B．at most C．at times D．at hand
（5）A．relief B．concern C．love D．curiosity
（6）A．pride B．happiness C．challenge D．desire
（7）A．which B．why C．that D．what
（8）A．effort B．offer C．promise D．profit
（9）A．come across B．look after C．depend on D．laugh at
（10）A．instead B．indeed C．aside D．apart
（11）A．worse B．better C．less D．higher
（12）A．relaxing B．disappointing C．pleasant D．regular
（13）A．agents B．buyers C．managers D．owners
（14）A．already B．still C．generally D．ever
（15）A．so B．or C．for D．but
（16）A．apologized B．complained C．criticized D．explained
（17）A．check B．analyze C．appreciate D．ignore
（18）A．loss B．risk C．chance D．lead
（19）A．increase B．difference C．interest D．average
（20）A．kind B．polite C．smart D．energetic
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·天津）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
University Room Regulations
Approved and Prohibited Items
The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
Access to Residential Rooms
Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.
Cooking Policy
Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
Pet Policy
No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.
Quiet Hours
Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.
（1）Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms
A．Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B．Wireless routers and radios.
C．Hair dryers and candles. D．TVs and electric blankets.
（2）What if a student is found to have told his combination to others
A．The combination should be changed. B．The Office should be charged.
C．He should replace the door lock. D．He should check out of the room.
（3）What do we know about the cooking policy
A．A microwave oven can be used.
B．Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C．A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D．Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.
（4）If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____.
A．parent visits B．a fine of $100
C．the Student Court D．a written notice
（5）When can students enjoy a party in residences
A．7:00 am, Sunday. B．7:30 am, Thursday.
C．11:30 pm, Monday. D．00:30 am, Saturday.
18．（2015·天津）阅读理解
Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.
Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.
Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company's “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.
The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.
（1）How are social robots different from household robots
A．They can control their emotions. B．They are more like humans.
C．They do the normal housework. D．They respond to users more slowly.
（2）What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3
A．Communicate with you and perform operations.
B．Answer your questions and make requests.
C．Take your family pictures and deliver milk.
D．Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.
（3）What can Oshbot work as
A．A language teacher. B．A tour guide.
C．A shop assistant. D．A private nurse.
（4）We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ______.
A．train employees B．be our workmates
C．improve technologies D．take the place of workers
（5）What does the passage mainly present
A．A new design idea of household robots.
B．Marketing strategies for social robots.
C．Information on household robots.
D．An introduction to social robots.
19．（2015·天津）阅读理解
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children's Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.
There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical（相同的）to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
（1）The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.
A．encourage him to do more walking
B．let him spend a meaningful summer
C．help cure him of his reading problem
D．make him learn more about weapons
（2）The book caught the author's eye because_____.
A．it contained pretty pictures of animals
B．it reminded him of his own dog
C．he found its title easy to understand
D．he liked children's stories very much
（3）Why could the author manage to read the book through
A．He was forced by his mother to read it
B．He identified with the story in the book
C．The book told the story of his pet dog
D．The happy ending of the story attracted him
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The author has become a successful writer
B．The author's mother read the same book
C．The author's mother rewarded him with books
D．The author has had happy summers ever since
（5）Which one could be the best title of the passage
A．The Charm of a Book B．Mum's Strict Order
C．Reunion with My Beagle D．My Passion for Reading
20．（2015·天津）阅读理解
Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.
Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹） — and stopped him cold.”
Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.
So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.
（1）Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past
A．He faced huge risks.
B．He lacked mighty forces.
C．Fear prevented him from trying.
D．Failure blocked his way to success.
（2）What is the implied meaning of the underlined part
A．Swallow more than you can digest. B．Act slightly above your abilities.
C．Develop more mysterious powers. D．Learn to make creative decisions.
（3）What was especially important for Tim's successful defense in the football game
A．His physical strength. B．His basic skill.
C．His real fear. D．His spiritual force.
（4）What can be learned from Paragraph 5
A．Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.
B．Trying without success is meaningless.
C．Repeated failure creates a better life.
D．Boldness can be gained little by little.
（5）What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To encourage people to be courageous.
B．To advise people to build up physical power.
C．To tell people the ways to guarantee success.
D．To recommend people to develop more abilities.
四、阅读表达
21．（2015·天津）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.
On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for — good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.
“Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made.”
“The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can't figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”
The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things — and there are ten million things waiting to be done.”
Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.
（1）What was the author's grandfather before he retired (no more than 5 words)
（2）What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter (no more than 10 words)
（3）What is the grandfather's view on life according to his letter back (no more than 10 words)
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph (no more than 10 words)
（5）Do you agree with the grandfather's view on life Give reasons in your own words, (no more than 20 words)
五、书面表达
22．（2015·天津）假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。
1）自我介绍；2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；3）询问对方的其他需求。
注意：1）词数不少于100；2）请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：学生会 the Student Union
Dear Chris,
Yours,
Li Jin
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意:——对不起，Liz。我想刚才我对你有点粗鲁。——算了吧，不过不要再那样做了。A. Go ahead “好吧，行啊”；B. Forget it“算了吧，不必在意”； C. It depends “那还得看情况了”；D. With pleasure“乐意效劳”。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】考查日常交际，Go ahead，Forget it，It depends，With pleasure的含义和使用环境。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】代词；this/that的替代用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词 the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。
【点评】本题考查代词辨析。代词it,one和that都指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the+名词，可以代指不可数名词。one即可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
3．【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查only放在句首的部分倒装。在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语，就不用倒装结构了。本题考生还需要注意判定时态，答案就不难选出。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——杰克，你看起来很兴奋。——猜猜看？我在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。A.Guess what 猜猜看；B.So what 那又怎么样；C.Pardon me请问刚才你说的什么；D.Who care 谁管它呢。根据词意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查日常交际用语，首先读懂对话，弄清句意及各选择项在语境中的具体运用，然后抓住关键答句I won the first prize ，就不难选出正确答案。应对日常交际用语考题，考生应首先需要掌握日常生活常见情景中的基本交际用语，然后判断该题所适用的情景场合，最后判断出正确答案。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】分词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故选C。
【点评】本题考查的非谓语动词为重点高中语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
6．【答案】D
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为她那个时候在一个班上课。根据句中的时间状语at that time，指代at 3 o'clock this afternoon,表示在将来的某一时刻正在做某事，故用将来完成时。故选D。
【点评】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所指代的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn't have done 本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。
【点评】本题考查情态动词。分析此题需抓住后句for my classmates here are very friendly to me 可知此处为本没有必要做某事，mightn't也许不；mustn't不允许；couldn't不可能。再根据句意可以选出正确答案。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了她的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。
【点评】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，现在分词完成式表示其动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，放在句首的不定式只能表示目的性，故应当排除。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far”到目前为止“可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查时态。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。分析此题只需要牢牢抓住时间状语so far”到目前为止“从而判定出所应当运用的时态。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A.turn in上交；B.turn down拒绝；C.turn over移交；D.turn to求组。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出汤姆是拒绝了邀请，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A.convince说服；B.consult咨询；C.avoid避免；D.affect影响。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A. while“当……时候，而”；B. after“在……之后”； C. before “在……之前”；D. as“正如”。根据句意可知选C。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句的应用。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had+过去分词。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：1.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，塔说引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。2.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would 、could 、might+动词原形。3.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或 could、would+have+动词过去分词。分析此题需抓住时间状语last Tuesday，可以判断出此题wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考查动词短语的固定搭配：make sense有意义。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词短语的固定搭配。动词和动词短语的考查时高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握
15．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
16．【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）B；（9）D；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D；（16）D；（17）C；（18）A；（19）B；（20）A
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲了“我”和未婚夫看中了一套房子，但却买不起，所以就每天去看那套房子并憧憬着自己住进去将会是怎样的，房主因此被打动，虽然有一位出价更高的人想要买这套房子，房主还是把这套房子以更低的价格卖给了我们。
（1）考查形容词。A. needed“ 需要的”； B. limited “有限的”； C. enough “足够的”； D. large“大的”。句意：我和我的未婚夫为我们的第一个家购物都感到很兴奋，但是我们的资金是……，由转折词but可以推断我们的资金有限，故选B。
（2）考查动词，A. recommended “推荐”； B. decorated“装饰”； C. sold “卖”； D. spun“纺纱”。句意：我们的代理人特别向我们推荐了一套房子，故选A。
（3）考查介词，A. below“在……下面”； B. within “在……之内”； C. beyond “超过……”； D. between“在……之间”。句意:尽管他的描述听起来很棒，但价格超出了我们的预算范围，所以我们拒绝了，故选C。
（4）考查固定短语。A. at least “至少”； B. at most “最多”； C. at times “有时”； D. at hand“在手边，即将来临”。句意：但是她一直催促我们至少去看一看，故选A。
（5）考查名词。A. relief “减轻”； B. concern “担心”； C. love “爱”； D. curiosity“好奇”。 根据下文“It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and happiness of the marriage within that home.”它是我们的家，小巧而有魅力，它朝着一片安静的湖。走路穿过房间，我们和一对上了年纪的夫妻谈话，感受到了那个家里的婚姻美满幸福，可知作者第一眼看到这个房子，就感受到了爱，故选C。
（6）考查名词，A. poverty “贫穷”； B. happiness“快乐”； C. challenge “ 挑战”； D. desire“愿望”。由前文中作者对这个家温馨的描述，可以推断这里应该是：我们在那个家里感受到了婚姻的温暖和快乐，故选B。
（7）考查疑问词。A. which “ 哪一个”； B. why “为什么”； C. that 作连接词时无意义； D. what“什么”。What…be like“……是怎么样的”，句意：每天我们都会坐在湖边，看着那个房子，想象着如果在那居住会是什么样子的，故选D。
（8）考查名词，A. effort “努力”； B. offer “提供，报价”； C. promise “诺言”； D. profit“利益”。结合上下文可推断：几天后，我们给出了我们的报价，故选B。
（9）考查动词短语，A. come across“偶然遇见”； B. look after “ 照顾”； C. depend on “依靠”； D. laugh at“嘲笑”。结合前句：我们给出了我们的报价——远远低于要价，令人吃惊的是，他们并没有嘲笑我们，故选D。
（10）考查副词，A. instead “代替，反而”； B. indeed “确实”； C. aside“在……一边”； D. apart“分开”。结合上下句：他们没有嘲笑我们，反而再给我们说了一次他们的要价，故选A。
（11）考查形容词比较级，A. worse “更坏的”； B. better“更好的”； C. less“ 更少的”； D. higher“更高的”。根据转折词but可判断前后句是表达转折的意思：他们再次给出的价钱虽然远超出我们的预算，但比最初的要价少多了，故选C。
（12）考查形容词。A. relaxing “令人放松的”； B. disappointing “让人失望的”； C. pleasant “让人舒心的”； D. regular“有规律的”。句意：第二天，我们得到了一个让人失落的消息：另外一个买者已经报出了比我们更高的价格。故选B。
（13）考查名词。A. agents“代理人”； B. buyers“买者”； C. managers “经理”； D. owners“拥有者，主人”。结合上下文可知：在得到这个让人失落的消息过后，我们决定和“房主”直接谈谈，故选D。
（14）考查副词。A. already “已经”； B. still “仍然”； C. generally“大体上”； D. ever“曾经；永远”。句意：我们给出了我们最后的报价，但“仍然”比另外一个买主的报价低了上千美元，故选B。
（15）考查连词，A. so “所以”； B. or“或者”； C. for “为了”； D. but“但是”，根据前句句意：我们知道（自己的报价低于别人的），后句句意：我们必须尝试一下，可知前后句是转折的关系，故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. apologized “ 道歉”； B. complained“埋怨”； C. blamed “责备”； D. explained“解释”。根据空格后的内容：他看到我们那段时间总是一直坐在湖边，他知道我们有多爱那个地方，可知这里是房主把房子卖给我们的解释。故选D。
（17）考查动词。A. check “核查”； B. analyze “分析”； C. appreciate “ 赞美，欣赏”； D. ignore“忽视”。句意：房主知道我们有多爱那个房子，知道我们很欣赏他们为这个房子所付出的多年心血，故选C。
（18）考查名词。A. loss “丢失，失去”； B. risk“ 风险”； C. chance“机会”； D. lead"领导"。句意：因为房主以更低的价格把房子卖给了我们，所以他会有所损失，故选A。
（19）考查名词。A. increase“增加”； B. difference“不同，差异”；， C. interest“ 兴趣”； D. mistake“错误”。句意:房主告诉我们把价格上的差价当作新婚礼物，故选B。
（20）考查形容词。A. kind“善良的”； B. polite “有礼貌的”； C. smart“ 聪明的”； D. energetic“有活力的”。结合全文:作者写这篇文章的目的就是赞扬房主的善良，所以这里应该是当人们心怀善良的时候，就不是陌生人了，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，动词，介词，固定短语，名词，连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
17．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大学宿舍的规范。
（1）考查细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players.”可知电视机和电热毯是允许使用的。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.”可知需要改变组合密码。选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.”可知小的微波炉是可以使用的。选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.”可以得出答案。故选C。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.”可知周六的安静时间是早上1点到8，故可以推断出答案。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
18．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.“可知社会机器人更像人或不是纯粹的工具。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“his action to keep his balance against the strong winds made for some heart－stopping(令人担忧的)moments for the audience.”可知选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.“和”It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.“可知此机器人可以解答问题且可以提醒家庭成员服药和拍照片。选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us”可以推断出社会机器人可以和我们一起做事情。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
19．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自己是一个不愿意读书的孩子，被妈妈逼着到图书馆去借书，结果因为看到了一本关于与自己所丢失的狗相似的狗的书，从此对阅读产生了兴趣，最终我成为了一个著名的作家。充分说明了书的魅力。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read.“ 因为我以前不喜欢阅读，妈妈让我去借书读，这是希望让我培养起读书的兴趣。故C正确。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的”There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical(相同的) to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title.“可知这本书里描述的狗和我之前养的狗是一样的，这让我想起了自己所养的那支比格犬。所以我情不自禁地读了下去。故B正确。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”Though pages were turned slowly......my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.“可知我把自己当成了书里的小男孩，把书里的那只狗当成了自己丢失的狗。我在书中找到了自己的影子。这才是作者能够继续读下去的原因。故B正确。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in the literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.“说明后来母亲为我自豪，因为我获得了文学博士，也写了自己的书、诗歌和小说。我从一个不愿意读书的人成为一个著名的作家。故A正确。
（5）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了自己从一个不愿意读书的孩子被妈妈逼着到图书馆去借书，结果因为看到了一本书，这本书里介绍了与自己丢失的狗相似的狗，最终我成为了一个著名的作家。充分说明了书的魅力。故A正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者联系自己的经历说明了大胆的重要性，并鼓励人们有勇气和胆量。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.“可知作者过去没能达成目标是因为他害怕失败。故选C。
（2）考查词句猜测。根据第三段中的”And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.“可以推测出这里为“行为略高于你的能力”之意。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones.“可知在于他的精神力量。选D。
（4）考查段落大意。根据第五段中的”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight.“可以知道大胆是一点点获得的。故选D。
（5）考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知作者联系自己的经历说明了大胆的重要性，并鼓励人们有勇气和胆量。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词句猜测和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
21．【答案】（1）He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office
（2）He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
（3）The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is.
Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（4）My/His/The grandfather is still busy doing meaningful things.
Or: The grandfather is still living an active life.
Or: The grandfather is still involved in whatever he can do
（5）Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.
Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful
No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age.
Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age.
【知识点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的爷爷曾经是名邮寄员，然而退休之后一直忙于做一些有意义的事情。作者写信给爷爷让他多休息休息，但爷爷回信说他任然坚持他的忙碌的生活。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第一段中的“At age 68, he retired from the post office”可以归纳出答案，故答案为He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down.”可知作者在信中建议他爷爷放慢速度。故答案为He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
（3）考查细节归纳。根据第四段中的“It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts”等内容可以归纳出答案。故答案为The process is more important than the result. Or: A man should not slow down however old he is. Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（4）考查句义猜测。根据上文的内容可以推测出，他爷爷仍然在忙于做有意义的事情。故答案为The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is. Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（5）开放题。首先要回答同意不同意他爷爷的生活观，并且陈述自己的理由。故答案为Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful. No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age. Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳，句义猜测以及开放题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合题干要求，进行分析推理，写出正确答案。
22．【答案】Dear Chris,
How are you doing I'm chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang High School. Our school will donate some books to the Chinese class of the friendly exchange school in the US. We will give away different types of books which include language learning, Chinese history, Chinese Poetry, and others. There are, in total, about 300 books. Hopefully, these books will help the students to know and learn Chinese better. By the way, when I come to your school to take part in the summer camp in July this year, I will take the books along with me. If there is something else we can do for you, please make contact with us in time.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份与中文班班长Chris用电子邮件联系，拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）自我介绍；2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；3）询问对方的其他需求。写作的时候要注意以下几点：一、动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。二、写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。例如：We will give away different types of books which include language learning，Chinese history，Chinese Poetry，and others．使用了定语从句；when I come to your school to take part in the summer camp in July this year，I will take the books along with me．使用了时间状语从句；If there is something else we can do for you，please make contact with us in time．使用了条件状语从句。
1 / 12015年高考英语真题试卷（天津卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·天津）—Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you.
—______, but don't do that again!
A．Go ahead B．Forget it C．It depends D．With pleasure
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意:——对不起，Liz。我想刚才我对你有点粗鲁。——算了吧，不过不要再那样做了。A. Go ahead “好吧，行啊”；B. Forget it“算了吧，不必在意”； C. It depends “那还得看情况了”；D. With pleasure“乐意效劳”。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】考查日常交际，Go ahead，Forget it，It depends，With pleasure的含义和使用环境。
2．（2015·天津）The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A．that B．one C．it D．this
【答案】A
【知识点】代词；this/that的替代用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词 the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。
【点评】本题考查代词辨析。代词it,one和that都指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the+名词，可以代指不可数名词。one即可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
3．（2015·天津） Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A．she realized B．has she realized
C．she has realized D．did she realize
【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查only放在句首的部分倒装。在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语，就不用倒装结构了。本题考生还需要注意判定时态，答案就不难选出。
4．（2015·天津）— Jack, you seem excited.
—______ I won the first prize in the English speech contest.
A．Guess what B．So what C．Pardon me D．Who cares
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——杰克，你看起来很兴奋。——猜猜看？我在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。A.Guess what 猜猜看；B.So what 那又怎么样；C.Pardon me请问刚才你说的什么；D.Who care 谁管它呢。根据词意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查日常交际用语，首先读懂对话，弄清句意及各选择项在语境中的具体运用，然后抓住关键答句I won the first prize ，就不难选出正确答案。应对日常交际用语考题，考生应首先需要掌握日常生活常见情景中的基本交际用语，然后判断该题所适用的情景场合，最后判断出正确答案。
5．（2015·天津）______in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
A．To absorb B．To be absorbed
C．Absorbed D．Absorbing
【答案】C
【知识点】分词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故选C。
【点评】本题考查的非谓语动词为重点高中语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
6．（2015·天津）Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A．will teach B．would teach
C．has taught D．will be teaching
【答案】D
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为她那个时候在一个班上课。根据句中的时间状语at that time，指代at 3 o'clock this afternoon,表示在将来的某一时刻正在做某事，故用将来完成时。故选D。
【点评】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所指代的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。
7．（2015·天津） I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn't have done 本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。
【点评】本题考查情态动词。分析此题需抓住后句for my classmates here are very friendly to me 可知此处为本没有必要做某事，mightn't也许不；mustn't不允许；couldn't不可能。再根据句意可以选出正确答案。
8．（2015·天津）______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked
【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了她的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。
【点评】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，现在分词完成式表示其动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，放在句首的不定式只能表示目的性，故应当排除。
9．（2015·天津）Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.
A．has been reached B．was reached
C．will reach D．will have reached
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far”到目前为止“可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查时态。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。分析此题只需要牢牢抓住时间状语so far”到目前为止“从而判定出所应当运用的时态。
10．（2015·天津）Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A．turn in B．turn down C．turn over D．turn to
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A.turn in上交；B.turn down拒绝；C.turn over移交；D.turn to求组。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出汤姆是拒绝了邀请，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
11．（2015·天津）If you have any doubts about your health, you'd better______ your doctor at once.
A．convince B．consult C．avoid D．affect
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A.convince说服；B.consult咨询；C.avoid避免；D.affect影响。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。
12．（2015·天津）We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it.
A．while B．after C．before D．as
【答案】C
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A. while“当……时候，而”；B. after“在……之后”； C. before “在……之前”；D. as“正如”。根据句意可知选C。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句的应用。
13．（2015·天津）I wish I ______ at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A．will be B．would be C．have been D．had been
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had+过去分词。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：1.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，塔说引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。2.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would 、could 、might+动词原形。3.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或 could、would+have+动词过去分词。分析此题需抓住时间状语last Tuesday，可以判断出此题wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
14．（2015·天津）See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
A．have B．make C．display D．bring
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考查动词短语的固定搭配：make sense有意义。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】本题考查动词短语的固定搭配。动词和动词短语的考查时高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握
15．（2015·天津）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.
A．where B．which C．when D．who
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
二、完形填空
16．（2015·天津）完形填空
My fiancé and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were （1） and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent （2） a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was （3） our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look （4） .
We finally did and it was （5） at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and （6） of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of （7） it would be like to live there.
Days later, we made a(n) （8） —far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't （9） us. They renewed their offer （10） . It was also much more than we could afford, but far （11） than the original asking price.
The next day, we got a （12） message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the （13） directly. We made our final offer, which （14） was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it, （15） we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he （16） : He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd （17） the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a （18） by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the （19） in the price “an early wedding present。“
That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are （20） they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met.
（1）A．needed B．limited C．enough D．large
（2）A．recommended B．decorated C．sold D．rented
（3）A．below B．within C．beyond D．between
（4）A．at least B．at most C．at times D．at hand
（5）A．relief B．concern C．love D．curiosity
（6）A．pride B．happiness C．challenge D．desire
（7）A．which B．why C．that D．what
（8）A．effort B．offer C．promise D．profit
（9）A．come across B．look after C．depend on D．laugh at
（10）A．instead B．indeed C．aside D．apart
（11）A．worse B．better C．less D．higher
（12）A．relaxing B．disappointing C．pleasant D．regular
（13）A．agents B．buyers C．managers D．owners
（14）A．already B．still C．generally D．ever
（15）A．so B．or C．for D．but
（16）A．apologized B．complained C．criticized D．explained
（17）A．check B．analyze C．appreciate D．ignore
（18）A．loss B．risk C．chance D．lead
（19）A．increase B．difference C．interest D．average
（20）A．kind B．polite C．smart D．energetic
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）B；（9）D；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D；（16）D；（17）C；（18）A；（19）B；（20）A
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲了“我”和未婚夫看中了一套房子，但却买不起，所以就每天去看那套房子并憧憬着自己住进去将会是怎样的，房主因此被打动，虽然有一位出价更高的人想要买这套房子，房主还是把这套房子以更低的价格卖给了我们。
（1）考查形容词。A. needed“ 需要的”； B. limited “有限的”； C. enough “足够的”； D. large“大的”。句意：我和我的未婚夫为我们的第一个家购物都感到很兴奋，但是我们的资金是……，由转折词but可以推断我们的资金有限，故选B。
（2）考查动词，A. recommended “推荐”； B. decorated“装饰”； C. sold “卖”； D. spun“纺纱”。句意：我们的代理人特别向我们推荐了一套房子，故选A。
（3）考查介词，A. below“在……下面”； B. within “在……之内”； C. beyond “超过……”； D. between“在……之间”。句意:尽管他的描述听起来很棒，但价格超出了我们的预算范围，所以我们拒绝了，故选C。
（4）考查固定短语。A. at least “至少”； B. at most “最多”； C. at times “有时”； D. at hand“在手边，即将来临”。句意：但是她一直催促我们至少去看一看，故选A。
（5）考查名词。A. relief “减轻”； B. concern “担心”； C. love “爱”； D. curiosity“好奇”。 根据下文“It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and happiness of the marriage within that home.”它是我们的家，小巧而有魅力，它朝着一片安静的湖。走路穿过房间，我们和一对上了年纪的夫妻谈话，感受到了那个家里的婚姻美满幸福，可知作者第一眼看到这个房子，就感受到了爱，故选C。
（6）考查名词，A. poverty “贫穷”； B. happiness“快乐”； C. challenge “ 挑战”； D. desire“愿望”。由前文中作者对这个家温馨的描述，可以推断这里应该是：我们在那个家里感受到了婚姻的温暖和快乐，故选B。
（7）考查疑问词。A. which “ 哪一个”； B. why “为什么”； C. that 作连接词时无意义； D. what“什么”。What…be like“……是怎么样的”，句意：每天我们都会坐在湖边，看着那个房子，想象着如果在那居住会是什么样子的，故选D。
（8）考查名词，A. effort “努力”； B. offer “提供，报价”； C. promise “诺言”； D. profit“利益”。结合上下文可推断：几天后，我们给出了我们的报价，故选B。
（9）考查动词短语，A. come across“偶然遇见”； B. look after “ 照顾”； C. depend on “依靠”； D. laugh at“嘲笑”。结合前句：我们给出了我们的报价——远远低于要价，令人吃惊的是，他们并没有嘲笑我们，故选D。
（10）考查副词，A. instead “代替，反而”； B. indeed “确实”； C. aside“在……一边”； D. apart“分开”。结合上下句：他们没有嘲笑我们，反而再给我们说了一次他们的要价，故选A。
（11）考查形容词比较级，A. worse “更坏的”； B. better“更好的”； C. less“ 更少的”； D. higher“更高的”。根据转折词but可判断前后句是表达转折的意思：他们再次给出的价钱虽然远超出我们的预算，但比最初的要价少多了，故选C。
（12）考查形容词。A. relaxing “令人放松的”； B. disappointing “让人失望的”； C. pleasant “让人舒心的”； D. regular“有规律的”。句意：第二天，我们得到了一个让人失落的消息：另外一个买者已经报出了比我们更高的价格。故选B。
（13）考查名词。A. agents“代理人”； B. buyers“买者”； C. managers “经理”； D. owners“拥有者，主人”。结合上下文可知：在得到这个让人失落的消息过后，我们决定和“房主”直接谈谈，故选D。
（14）考查副词。A. already “已经”； B. still “仍然”； C. generally“大体上”； D. ever“曾经；永远”。句意：我们给出了我们最后的报价，但“仍然”比另外一个买主的报价低了上千美元，故选B。
（15）考查连词，A. so “所以”； B. or“或者”； C. for “为了”； D. but“但是”，根据前句句意：我们知道（自己的报价低于别人的），后句句意：我们必须尝试一下，可知前后句是转折的关系，故选D。
（16）考查动词。A. apologized “ 道歉”； B. complained“埋怨”； C. blamed “责备”； D. explained“解释”。根据空格后的内容：他看到我们那段时间总是一直坐在湖边，他知道我们有多爱那个地方，可知这里是房主把房子卖给我们的解释。故选D。
（17）考查动词。A. check “核查”； B. analyze “分析”； C. appreciate “ 赞美，欣赏”； D. ignore“忽视”。句意：房主知道我们有多爱那个房子，知道我们很欣赏他们为这个房子所付出的多年心血，故选C。
（18）考查名词。A. loss “丢失，失去”； B. risk“ 风险”； C. chance“机会”； D. lead"领导"。句意：因为房主以更低的价格把房子卖给了我们，所以他会有所损失，故选A。
（19）考查名词。A. increase“增加”； B. difference“不同，差异”；， C. interest“ 兴趣”； D. mistake“错误”。句意:房主告诉我们把价格上的差价当作新婚礼物，故选B。
（20）考查形容词。A. kind“善良的”； B. polite “有礼貌的”； C. smart“ 聪明的”； D. energetic“有活力的”。结合全文:作者写这篇文章的目的就是赞扬房主的善良，所以这里应该是当人们心怀善良的时候，就不是陌生人了，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，动词，介词，固定短语，名词，连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
17．（2015·天津）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
University Room Regulations
Approved and Prohibited Items
The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
Access to Residential Rooms
Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.
Cooking Policy
Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
Pet Policy
No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.
Quiet Hours
Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.
（1）Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms
A．Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B．Wireless routers and radios.
C．Hair dryers and candles. D．TVs and electric blankets.
（2）What if a student is found to have told his combination to others
A．The combination should be changed. B．The Office should be charged.
C．He should replace the door lock. D．He should check out of the room.
（3）What do we know about the cooking policy
A．A microwave oven can be used.
B．Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C．A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D．Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.
（4）If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____.
A．parent visits B．a fine of $100
C．the Student Court D．a written notice
（5）When can students enjoy a party in residences
A．7:00 am, Sunday. B．7:30 am, Thursday.
C．11:30 pm, Monday. D．00:30 am, Saturday.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大学宿舍的规范。
（1）考查细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players.”可知电视机和电热毯是允许使用的。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.”可知需要改变组合密码。选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.”可知小的微波炉是可以使用的。选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.”可以得出答案。故选C。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.”可知周六的安静时间是早上1点到8，故可以推断出答案。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。
18．（2015·天津）阅读理解
Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.
Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.
Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company's “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.
The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.
（1）How are social robots different from household robots
A．They can control their emotions. B．They are more like humans.
C．They do the normal housework. D．They respond to users more slowly.
（2）What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3
A．Communicate with you and perform operations.
B．Answer your questions and make requests.
C．Take your family pictures and deliver milk.
D．Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.
（3）What can Oshbot work as
A．A language teacher. B．A tour guide.
C．A shop assistant. D．A private nurse.
（4）We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ______.
A．train employees B．be our workmates
C．improve technologies D．take the place of workers
（5）What does the passage mainly present
A．A new design idea of household robots.
B．Marketing strategies for social robots.
C．Information on household robots.
D．An introduction to social robots.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.“可知社会机器人更像人或不是纯粹的工具。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“his action to keep his balance against the strong winds made for some heart－stopping(令人担忧的)moments for the audience.”可知选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.“和”It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.“可知此机器人可以解答问题且可以提醒家庭成员服药和拍照片。选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us”可以推断出社会机器人可以和我们一起做事情。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
19．（2015·天津）阅读理解
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children's Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.
There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical（相同的）to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
（1）The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.
A．encourage him to do more walking
B．let him spend a meaningful summer
C．help cure him of his reading problem
D．make him learn more about weapons
（2）The book caught the author's eye because_____.
A．it contained pretty pictures of animals
B．it reminded him of his own dog
C．he found its title easy to understand
D．he liked children's stories very much
（3）Why could the author manage to read the book through
A．He was forced by his mother to read it
B．He identified with the story in the book
C．The book told the story of his pet dog
D．The happy ending of the story attracted him
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The author has become a successful writer
B．The author's mother read the same book
C．The author's mother rewarded him with books
D．The author has had happy summers ever since
（5）Which one could be the best title of the passage
A．The Charm of a Book B．Mum's Strict Order
C．Reunion with My Beagle D．My Passion for Reading
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自己是一个不愿意读书的孩子，被妈妈逼着到图书馆去借书，结果因为看到了一本关于与自己所丢失的狗相似的狗的书，从此对阅读产生了兴趣，最终我成为了一个著名的作家。充分说明了书的魅力。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read.“ 因为我以前不喜欢阅读，妈妈让我去借书读，这是希望让我培养起读书的兴趣。故C正确。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的”There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical(相同的) to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title.“可知这本书里描述的狗和我之前养的狗是一样的，这让我想起了自己所养的那支比格犬。所以我情不自禁地读了下去。故B正确。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”Though pages were turned slowly......my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.“可知我把自己当成了书里的小男孩，把书里的那只狗当成了自己丢失的狗。我在书中找到了自己的影子。这才是作者能够继续读下去的原因。故B正确。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in the literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.“说明后来母亲为我自豪，因为我获得了文学博士，也写了自己的书、诗歌和小说。我从一个不愿意读书的人成为一个著名的作家。故A正确。
（5）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了自己从一个不愿意读书的孩子被妈妈逼着到图书馆去借书，结果因为看到了一本书，这本书里介绍了与自己丢失的狗相似的狗，最终我成为了一个著名的作家。充分说明了书的魅力。故A正确。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20．（2015·天津）阅读理解
Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.
Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹） — and stopped him cold.”
Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.
So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.
（1）Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past
A．He faced huge risks.
B．He lacked mighty forces.
C．Fear prevented him from trying.
D．Failure blocked his way to success.
（2）What is the implied meaning of the underlined part
A．Swallow more than you can digest. B．Act slightly above your abilities.
C．Develop more mysterious powers. D．Learn to make creative decisions.
（3）What was especially important for Tim's successful defense in the football game
A．His physical strength. B．His basic skill.
C．His real fear. D．His spiritual force.
（4）What can be learned from Paragraph 5
A．Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.
B．Trying without success is meaningless.
C．Repeated failure creates a better life.
D．Boldness can be gained little by little.
（5）What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To encourage people to be courageous.
B．To advise people to build up physical power.
C．To tell people the ways to guarantee success.
D．To recommend people to develop more abilities.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者联系自己的经历说明了大胆的重要性，并鼓励人们有勇气和胆量。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.“可知作者过去没能达成目标是因为他害怕失败。故选C。
（2）考查词句猜测。根据第三段中的”And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.“可以推测出这里为“行为略高于你的能力”之意。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones.“可知在于他的精神力量。选D。
（4）考查段落大意。根据第五段中的”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight.“可以知道大胆是一点点获得的。故选D。
（5）考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知作者联系自己的经历说明了大胆的重要性，并鼓励人们有勇气和胆量。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词句猜测和段落大意四个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读表达
21．（2015·天津）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.
On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for — good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.
“Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made.”
“The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can't figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”
The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things — and there are ten million things waiting to be done.”
Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.
（1）What was the author's grandfather before he retired (no more than 5 words)
（2）What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter (no more than 10 words)
（3）What is the grandfather's view on life according to his letter back (no more than 10 words)
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph (no more than 10 words)
（5）Do you agree with the grandfather's view on life Give reasons in your own words, (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office
（2）He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
（3）The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is.
Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（4）My/His/The grandfather is still busy doing meaningful things.
Or: The grandfather is still living an active life.
Or: The grandfather is still involved in whatever he can do
（5）Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.
Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful
No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age.
Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age.
【知识点】阅读表达
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的爷爷曾经是名邮寄员，然而退休之后一直忙于做一些有意义的事情。作者写信给爷爷让他多休息休息，但爷爷回信说他任然坚持他的忙碌的生活。
（1）考查细节归纳。根据第一段中的“At age 68, he retired from the post office”可以归纳出答案，故答案为He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office
（2）考查细节归纳。根据第二段中的“Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down.”可知作者在信中建议他爷爷放慢速度。故答案为He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
（3）考查细节归纳。根据第四段中的“It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts”等内容可以归纳出答案。故答案为The process is more important than the result. Or: A man should not slow down however old he is. Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（4）考查句义猜测。根据上文的内容可以推测出，他爷爷仍然在忙于做有意义的事情。故答案为The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is. Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
（5）开放题。首先要回答同意不同意他爷爷的生活观，并且陈述自己的理由。故答案为Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful. No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age. Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节归纳，句义猜测以及开放题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合题干要求，进行分析推理，写出正确答案。
五、书面表达
22．（2015·天津）假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。
1）自我介绍；2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；3）询问对方的其他需求。
注意：1）词数不少于100；2）请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：学生会 the Student Union
Dear Chris,
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Chris,
How are you doing I'm chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang High School. Our school will donate some books to the Chinese class of the friendly exchange school in the US. We will give away different types of books which include language learning, Chinese history, Chinese Poetry, and others. There are, in total, about 300 books. Hopefully, these books will help the students to know and learn Chinese better. By the way, when I come to your school to take part in the summer camp in July this year, I will take the books along with me. If there is something else we can do for you, please make contact with us in time.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份与中文班班长Chris用电子邮件联系，拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）自我介绍；2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；3）询问对方的其他需求。写作的时候要注意以下几点：一、动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。二、写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。例如：We will give away different types of books which include language learning，Chinese history，Chinese Poetry，and others．使用了定语从句；when I come to your school to take part in the summer camp in July this year，I will take the books along with me．使用了时间状语从句；If there is something else we can do for you，please make contact with us in time．使用了条件状语从句。
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