2015年高考英语真题试卷（浙江卷）

2015年高考英语真题试卷（浙江卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·浙江）——Hi, John. Are you busy
——
A．Yes.I do agree. B．Yes.That would be nice.
C．No.Are you sure D．No.What's up
【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：有人问John 是否有空？John的回答是没有，怎么了？A. Yes. I do agree.”是的，我同意“。这种表达用于回答是否赞同的情况。 B. Yes. That would be nice.”是的，这会很好“。这种表达用于表达观点看法。C. No. Are you sure ”不，你确定吗？“这种表达不确定时的再次询问。D. No. What's up ”不，怎么了？“根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分Yes. I do agree.，Yes. That would be nice，No. Are you sure ，No.What's up 的含义和使用环境。
2．（2015·浙江）Jane's grandmother had wanted to write children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
A．a;不填 B．the;the C．不填;the D．a;the
【答案】D
【知识点】定冠词；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选D。
【点评】考查冠词，本题涉及不定冠词和定冠词的应用。
3．（2015·浙江）Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea
A．about B．to C．with D．over
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，”是......的家园“。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分about，to，with，over的含义和用法。
4．（2015·浙江）It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.
A．couldn't B．shouldn't C． mustn't D．needn't
【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法；情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】：句意：太吵了，以致我们不能够听到我们在说什么？A的意思是不能，B的意思是不应该，C的意思是禁止，D的意思是不需要，该题使用了一个so+形容词+that的句式，做题时应该正确理解句意及这个句式的用法，正确理解这是表达不能还是表达其他的东西。must只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，这一点尤其要注意因为往往会出错。如果表示一种可能往往是can的形式（过去时态使用could)
【点评】：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪，态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考 的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题，考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态词+have done“的用法区别等。
5．（2015·浙江）Studies have shown that the right and left ear sound differently.
A．produce B．pronounce C．process D．download
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】：句意：研究已经表明，左耳和右耳处理声音是不同的，A意为生产或制造，B意为发音，C意为处理，D意为下载，该题考查的是词义辨析，4个选项的意思都非常的不一样，所以在作答的时候，要每个单词都代入空格进行翻译，找最佳答案。根据常识，耳朵不能够生产或制造，不能发音，更不可能下载，所以答案只能是处理，也就是C。
【点评】动词绝对是高考英语复习的重点，对动词的考查约占高考语法与词汇试题的50％以上，要加强词汇、短语的记忆。要避免单纯地死记硬背，应善于寻找词汇、短语之间的联系，应注意结合语境，在理解的基础上熟记典型例句和常用搭配，总结规律，并根据自己的记忆特点，选择科学的记忆方法，记忆单词应和阅读结合起来，把单词融入句子中和语境中，利用上下文来帮助记忆。
6．（2015·浙江）If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.
A．what B．who
C．that D． whoever
【答案】A
【知识点】连词；宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里，此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that只有语法意义，句式上，该句用了（If从句，祈使句）的句式，非谓语to investigate后接一个宾语从句的表达，分析宾语从句的成分可以发现，空格所做的成分是主语，根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.
【点评】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句，因为从句部分is前面缺少成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water)的表达。
7．（2015·浙江）Body language can a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
A．take away B．throw away C．put away D．give away
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：肢体语言可以透露很多的心情，所以把你的手折起来站着，表示你是有防范的。A. take away”拿走“； B.throw away”扔掉“；C.put away”放好“；D.give away”泄露“，与send out 同义。根据句意，答案为D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take away，throw away，put away，give away的含义。
8．（2015·浙江）Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
A．has been B．had been
C．was going to be D．was
【答案】C
【知识点】过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦生于1879年。作为一个孩子的时候，很少有人猜到他会成为一个提出的理论能改变世界的科学家。横线部分表示过去将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，仅有C项 was going to be 为过去将来时。故正确答案为C。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及过去将来时的应用。
9．（2015·浙江） a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
A．Just as B．Even though C．Until D．Unless
【答案】A
【知识点】引导方式状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意思那样，一个句子也能够改变一个段落的意思。A.Just as”正如“； B.Even though”尽管“，用于让步状语从句； C.Until”直到“； D.Unless”除非“。分析逗号前后表达所使用的结构句式是相同的：world 对应 sentence, a sentence 对应 paragraph. 这正好是一种对应，也就是正如的关系，所以答案是选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及Just as引导的方式状语从句。
10．（2015·浙江）Most people work because it's unavoidable.________，there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A．As a result B．In addition C．By contrast D．In conclusion
【答案】C
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。A.As a result"结果"; B.In addition"此外"; C.By contrast"相反"; D.In conclusion”结论“。“不可避免”表述到一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种否定，所以答案只能是选C。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析。区分as a result，in addition，by contrast，in conclusion的含义和用法。
11．（2015·浙江）We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or our emotions than for straight facts.
A．block off B．appeal to C．subscribe to D．come across
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们趋向于对于那些让我们激动或者是吸引我们的东西记忆更清楚。A.block off 意为封锁，B.appeal to意为吸引，C. subscribe to意为订阅，D.come across意为遇到.该句的句式使用到了一个比较句式以及一个定语从句，看起来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句.所以 our emotions表达是跟前面excete our senses（让我们激动）意思是相同的，根据句意不难得出答案是C吸引。
【点评】考查动词短语时，常以“形似”或“意似”的短语作为选项。四个选项常采用以下形式：（一）动词相同，但副词或介词不同（二）副词或介词相同，但动词不同（三）动词、副词或介词均不相同，本题涉及到的是第（二）和（三）种，解答这类试题要认真分析句式结构、推敲句意，从所给的四个选项中，选路符合句意的动词短语。
12．（2015·浙江）How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you
A．them B．one C．those D．it
【答案】D
【知识点】it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当你正在看一个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？It作形式宾语，指代If后面的句子。该句涉及到了一个疑问句，一个条件状语从句（if）和两个并列句(and)。这当时应该先把它转化为陈述句you would like______.分析句子结构知道like之后缺少一个宾语，需要一个宾格代词充当，用it。故选D。
【点评】本题考查名词性从句，本题涉及宾语从句的应用。
13．（2015·浙江）Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
A．steadily B．instantly C．formerly D．permanently
【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析；副词
【解析】【解析】：句意：就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一点食物在之前都是活着的。A，steadily意为稳定地，B.instantly意为立即地，C.formerly意为先前地，D.permanently心意为永久地。在做题的时候，只需要理解最后一句话就可以了was alive。根据句意及常识就能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。
【点评】这个句式含有一个If引导的状语从句，understand引导的宾语从句，一个非谓语短语作后置定语(put into our mouths），在解题的需要能够一一划分并区别开来。副词的作用是修饰形容词，动词，副词或句子，本题修饰的词是be alive，位置位于两个单词之间。
14．（2015·浙江） Listening is thus an active, not a , behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
A．considerate B． sensitive C．reliable D．passive
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词
【解析】 【分析】：句意：因此听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为.它包含听，理解和记忆.A.considerate意为考虑周全的，Bsensitive意为敏感的，C.reliable意为可靠的，D.passive意为被动的.根据not可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。此题的关键是有一个not这是表示否定的，这表明跟前面的active是反义的关系，根据4个选项的意思不难得出答案是D.passive被动的。
【点评】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分的能力以及关注关键词not的能力。此句含有一个not a 是插入语的句式，一个非谓语句式consisting做后置定语，这是一个长句，去掉多余成分之后，它的主干，句是Listenting is an active behavior.其中Thus是副词，作状语。And连接三个相同hearing，understand和remembering。
15．（2015·浙江）One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.
A．production B．stress C．energy D．power
【答案】B
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人谈谈你的想法。A. production”产品“； B. stress”压力“； C. energy”能源“； D. power”力量“。根据常识可以知道，和别人谈心应该来说是减压。所以答案是B。
【点评】考查名词，区分production，stress，energy，power的含义。
16．（2015·浙江）If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea
A．float B．drown C．shrink D．split
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：既然铁重于水，为什么船可以浮在水面上。A. float”漂浮“； B. drown ”淹死“； C. shrink ”收缩“； D. split”洒出“。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分float，drown，shrink，split的含义。
17．（2015·浙江）These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A．in memory of B．in response to
C．in touch with D．in possession of
【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of”纪念“； B. in response to”回应“；C. in touch with”联系“；D. in possession of”拥有“。根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in memory of，in response to，in touch with，in possession of的含义。
18．（2015·浙江）Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.
A．perform B．performing
C．to perform D．being performed
【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing ”听到某人某物做某事“。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的被动式的应用。
19．（2015·浙江）Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A．as B．whose C．in which D．at which
【答案】C
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
【解析】【分析】句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere “在氛围中”是一个固定搭配。此处也可以是where. 分析句子结构和结合四个选项，知道在这里面所需要填的是连词。然后空格之前是一个名词，这种情况首先考虑的是定语从句。然后分析之后的句子是具备完整的结构（有了主语employees和宾语part of a team）所以这应该是需要一个充当状语的连词，如where, when , why. 由于when用于时间，Why用于原因，剩下的使用where，所以这里填where。但是答案没有这个选项，根据搭配介词+which="where" 及in atmosphere 是固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及”in+关系代词which“引导的限制性定语从句。
20．（2015·浙江） 一Why don't you consider a trip to, say, Beijing or Hangzhou
一 .
A．I wouldn't mind that B．Then we'll get there quickly
C．Let's call it a day D．It's not a requirement
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么你不考虑一次旅行,比如说去北京或者是杭州 ——我是不会介意的。A. I wouldn't mind that ”我是不介意的“； B. Then we'll get there quickly”然后我们可以快一点到那里“；C. Let's call it a day ”我们今天就到这儿吧“；D. It's not a requirement”这不是要求“。根据句意，所以选A。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分I wouldn't mind that，Then we'll get there quickly，Let's call it a day，It's not a requirement的含义和使用环境。
二、完形填空
21．（2015·浙江）完形填空
Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now （1） on their way to impressive careers. By society's （2） , they seem to have it made.
On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a （3） drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with long time roommates, and （4） out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine （5） a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have （6） that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some （7） about unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they （8） . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and （9） . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the （10） to which they have so quickly become （11）
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and （12） the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they （13） or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion; it' s （14） . They have loans, bills, a mortgage（抵押贷款）to （15） , retirement to save for. They recognize there's something （16） in their lives, but it's （17） to step off the track.
In a society that tends to （18） everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our （19） in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs （20） in pursuing money over meaning These are exactly the kinds of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.
（1）A．much B．never C．seldom D．well
（2）A．policies B．standards C．experiments D．regulations
（3）A．last B．least C．second D．best
（4）A．cycled B．moved C．slid D．looked
（5）A．shared B．paid C．equaled D．collected
（6）A．advertised B．witnessed C．admitted D．demanded
（7）A．complain B．dream C．hear D．approve
（8）A．distribute B．hate C．applaud D．neglect
（9）A．calm B．guilty C．warm D．empty
（10）A．family B．government C．lifestyle D．project
（11）A．accustomed B．appointed C．unique D．available
（12）A．yet B．also C．instead D．rather
（13）A．let out B．turn in C．give up D．believe in
（14）A．fundamental B．practical C．impossible D．unforgettable
（15）A．take of B．drop off C．put off D．pay off
（16）A．missing B．inspiring C．sinking D．shining
（17）A．harmful B．hard C．useful D．normal
（18）A．measure B．suffer C．digest D．deliver
（19）A．disasters B．motivations C．campaigns D．decisions
（20）A．assessed B．involved C．covered D．reduced
【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C；（11）A；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）B
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正含义，指出“物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福”这一价值趋向。
（1）考查副词。 A. much”许多“；B. never”绝不“；C. seldom”很少“；D. well”很好“。根据上文“I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations,”“我看到一个又一个朋友晋升，作为银行主管（高级管理人员），咨询机构，律师事务所和大公司，”，不能得出要表达现在都在职业生涯中过得很好。故选D。
（2）考查名词。 A. policies”政策“；B. standards”标准“；C. experiments”实验“；D. regulations”规章制度“。根据句意，以当前的标准来看，他们的确成功了。故选B。
（3）考查形容词。A. last”最后的“；B. least ”最少的“；C. second”第二“；D. best”最好的“。根据第1题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
（4）考查动词。A. cycled”骑车或循环“；B. moved”搬家“；C. slid”滑落“；D. looked”看“。根据1题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
（5）考查动词。A. shared”分享“；B. paid ”支付“；C. equaled”等同“；D. collected”收集“。They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college year's monthly rent.句意是：生活好了，预订的房间里的酒价格等同于大学一个月的房租。选C。
（6）考查动词。 A. advertise”做广告“；B. witnessed”目击“；C. admitted ”承认“；D. demanded”要求“。“The thing is, a number of them have that despite their success, they aren't happy.” 意为很多人承认，尽管他们很成功，但是很不开心。故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. complain”抱怨“；B. dream”梦想“；C. hear ”听到“；D. approve”证明“。根据上一句的不开心，所以不难得出答案是抱怨。故选A。
（8）考查动词。A. distribute”分发“；B. hate”厌恶“；C. applaud”鼓掌“；D. neglect”忽略“。根据上文的不开心和抱怨，不能得出答案是厌恶。选B.
（9）考查形容词。A. calm”平静的“；，B. guilty”有罪的“；C. warm”温暖“；D. empty”空的，累的“。根据前面的tired累不能得出答案。Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 。意为有些人不尊重他们工作的公司，说累。故选D。
（10）考查名词。A. family”家庭“；B. government”政府“；C. lifestyle”生活方式“；D. project”项目“。前文提到很多都是生活，如学校生活，工作生活，结合语境不能得出答案是生活方式。故选C。
（11）考查形容词。A. accustomed”习惯的“；B. appointed”指定的“；C. unique”独一无二的“；D. available”可利用的“。“However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the to which they have so quickly become . 意为“但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现工作只是支持生活方式，而且慢慢他们已经对这种方式已经行习惯了。”故选A。
（12）考查连词。A. yet”但是“，表转折；B. also ”也“，表递进；C. instead”代替“；D. rather”相反“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。根据句意，前后是转折的关系，所以选A。
（13）考查动词短语。A. let out ”发出“；B. turn in”上交，归还“；C. give up ”放弃“；D. believe in”相信“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。故选D。
（14）考查形容词。A. fundamental”基本的“；B. practical”实践的“；C. impossible”不可能的“；D. unforgettable”难忘的“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。故选C。
（15）考查动词短语。A. take of ”起飞“；B. drop off”减少“；C. put off"推迟”；D. pay off“支付”。根据mortgage（抵押贷款）以及结合常识，可知D合题意。
（16）考查动词。A. missing“失去”；B. inspiring“鼓舞”；C. sinking “沉没”；D. shining“闪亮”。句意：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。故选A。
（17）考查形容词。A. harmful “有害的”；B. hard “困难的”；C. useful“有用的”；D. normal“正常的”。句意：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。选B。
（18）考查动词。A. measure “衡量”；B. suffer“遭受”；C. digest“消化”；D. deliver“运送”。句意：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。故选A。
（19）考查名词。A. disasters “灾难”；B. motivations“动机”；C. campaigns“战役”；D. decisions“决定”。句意：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。选D。
（20）考查动词。A. assessed“评估”；B. involved“涉及”；C. covered“覆盖”；D. reduced“减少”。involved in “参与”。句意：那么，在追求钱高于意义的情况下，我们的参与的个人以及社会代价呢？故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词，名词，形容词，动词，以及动词短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
22．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that's enough for me. Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean. “
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that ” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can't be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don't you find parts of it rather heavy going ” She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.
（1）According to the passage, children's fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A．reading little and thinking little
B．reading often and adventurously
C．being made to read too much
D．being made to read aloud before others
（2）The teacher told his students to read______ .
A．for enjoyment B．for knowledge
C．for a larger vocabulary D．for higher scores in exams
（3）Upon hearing the teacher's talk, the children probably felt that________.
A．it sounded stupid
B．it was not surprising at all
C．it sounded too good to be true
D．it was no different from other teachers' talk
（4）Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
（5）From the teacher's point of view,_________ .
A．children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B．children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C．reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D．reading involves understanding every little piece of information
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【知识点】细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐，而不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone.”这意味着当他们不知道单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。因此选D。
（2）考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that's enough for me. Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean.”“,but I want you to read them only for pleasure.” 意为“现在我要说一些关于阅读的事情，你可能从来没有听说过一个老师说。我希望你读很多书，但今年，我想让你读书只为乐趣。我不想问你问题，是否理解文章。如果你足够理解一个喜欢这本书，想去读它，这对我来说已经足够了。我也不想问你单词的意思。” 在这里enjoyment，enjoy和pleasure是同义词。所以答案选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“seriously, ‘Mr. Holt, do you really mean that '”不能得出答案。当老师说了这些话之后，孩子们都很震惊耶，很奇怪，所以他会确定问老师是不是真的这样？这表明学生是很不太相信的。答案选项的it sounded too good to be true，意为听起来太好了以致不相信这是真的。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “她回答说，哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分，继续读下一个好的部分。“可以得出答案是这个女孩知道如何欣赏这些文章。故选C。
（5）考查细节理解。 四个选项的意思分别是A孩子在阅读的时候不能够区别好的部分以及不好的部分；B应该留给学生孩子自己去选择，读什么以及如何读；C在学校阅读永远不会是一个愉快和启发性的体验；D阅读需要理解每一部分的信息。其实根据常识可以判断C和D是错误的，然后再结合全文大意，作者认为孩子不应该是强迫去读，要让他们自己读，选择材料读。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
23．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data .
Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details.You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text .
Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures.
Bar Graphs
A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).
Line Graphs
A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it's important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.
Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).
The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird's migration.
Pie Graphs
A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.
A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month's expense, (See Graph 3 ).
Food $ 25
Movies $ 12
Clothing $ 36
Savings $ 20
Books $ 7
（1）When used in a graph，a legend is_____
A．a guide to the symbols and colors B．an introduction paragraph
C．the main idea D．the data
（2）What is the total number of students who earned a C or better
A．4. B．6. C．10. D．20 .
（3）The bird covered the longest distance on _____
A．Day 1 B．Day 2 C．Day 3 D．Day 4
（4）Which of the following cost Amy most
A．Food. B．Books C．Movies D．Clothing.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍图表的类型以及相关作用，通过对条形图、线形图和饼形图的介绍，让学生学会读图，运用英语解决实际问题。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.” 一个图例，也被称为一个关键，是一个指导图中使用的符号和颜色。可知答案选A。
（2）考查数字计算。根据”In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. 在图1中，我们看到X轴显示学生获得的等级，Y轴显示每个等级的学生数。可以看到，6的学生获得了A，因为在它延伸到6垂直测量。“可以得出C以上就是包含A，B，C，其中A为6， B 为10，C为4，所以答案为20，选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Graph 2可知，第三天鸟儿飞行的距离最远，为70公里，故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据 Graph3可知，从扇形图可以得出Clothing占比例最多，即衣服的花销所占的比例最大，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和数字计算两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，计算，从而选出正确答案。
24．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.
We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.
Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.
（1）According to the passage, human being .
A．prefer to live in the darkness
B．are used to living in the day light
C．were curious about the midnight world
D．had to stay at home with the light of the moon
（2）What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to
A．The night. B．The moon C．The sky D．The planet
（3）The writer mentions birds and frogs to .
A．provide examples of animal protection
B．show how light pollution affects animals
C．compare the living habits of both species
D．explain why the number of certain species has declined
（4）It is implied in the last paragraph that .
A．light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals
B．light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C．human beings cannot go to the outer space
D．human beings should reflect on their position in the universe
（5）What might be the best title for the passage
A．The Magic light. B．The Orange Haze.
C．The Disappearing Night. D．The Rhythms of Nature.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
（1）考查细节理解。 根据第一段中的“ with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light”眼睛适应了太阳的光线， 可以知道答案为B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.”但是这是唯一的方法去解释我们对于夜晚做了什么：我们设计了光，让光充满星空。因此it指代night“ 夜晚”。故选A。
（3）考查写作目的。 根据第二段中的” The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences “这项工程带来好处的同时也带来了坏处；以及“Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected“, 此句意为无论光洒在什么地方，生活都会受到一些影响。 所以答案是show how light pollution affects animals”说明光污染影响的动物“，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night“生活在一个刺眼世界，我们已经远离了进化和文化遗产：星星和昼夜节律的光；以及”In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being“在一个非常真实的意义上，光污染使我们在宇宙中失去真我；等语句可知作者认为光污染使得人们失去了很多。对比选项发现D选项human beings should reflect on their position in the universe“人类应该反思自己的行为”符合语境。但此题易错选B，之所以不选B是因为some of 的表达是扩大了说法，以偏概全。故选D。
（5）考查主旨大意。文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、写作目的和主旨大意五个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
25．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
In 2004 ,when my daughter Becky was ten , she and my husband ,Joe, were united in their desire for a dog . As for me , I shared none of their canine lust.
But why , they pleaded. “Because I don't have time to take care of a dog.” But we'll do it. ” Really You're going to walk the dog Feed the dog Bathe the dog ” Yes, yes , and yes .”I don't believe you .” We will . We promise.
They didn't . From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day ) , neither thought to walk the dog . While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots , to schedule her vet appointments , to feed and clean her , Misty knew this on day one . As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large) , she calculated ,”The medium one is the sucker in the pack .”
Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . She'd look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers , beam her need , and then wait , trusting I would understand — which , strangely , I almost always did . In no time , she became my feet as I read , and splaying across my stomach as I watched television .
Even so , part of me continued to resent walking duty . Joe and Becky had promised. Not fair , I'd balk (不心甘情愿地做) silently as she and I walked . “Not fair , ” I' d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home .
Then one day — January 1, 2007 , to be exact — my husband ‘ s doctor uttered an unthinkable word : leukemia ( 白血病) .With that , I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital , doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort. During those six months of hospitalizations, Becky, 12 at the time, adjusted to other adults being in the house when she returned from school. My work colleagues adjusted to my taking off at a moment's notice for medical emergencies. Every part of my life changed; no part of my old routine remained.
Save one: Misty still needed walking. At the beginning, when friends offered to take her through her paces, I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with.
As the months went by，I began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty. The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day's medical drama unfolded. The evening walk was a time to shake off the day's upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.
When serious illness visits your household, it's , not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar. Pretty much everyone you acts differently.
Not Misty. Take her for a walk, and she had no interest in Joe's blood counts or 'one marrow test results. On the street or in the park, she had only one thing on her mind: squirrels! She Was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile. On a daily basis she reminded me that life goes on.
After Joe died in 2009，Misty slept on his pillow.
I'm grateful一to a point. The truth is, after years of balking, I've come to enjoy m' walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, throwing her whole being into the here-and-now of an exercise that has never once ended in victory, she reminds me, too, that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future , there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.
（1）why didn't the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story
A．She was afraid the dog would get the family, into trouble.
B．It would be her business to take care of the dog
C．Her husband and daughter were united as one.
D．She didn't want to spoil he' daughter.
（2）Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "The medium one is “he sucker in the pack.” (Paragraph 3)
A．"The middle-aged person loves me most.”
B．”The medium-sized woman is the hostess.”
C．"The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”
D．"The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family.”
（3）It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_______.
A．Misty was quite clever B．Misty could solve math problems
C．the writer was a slow learner D．no one walked Misty the first day
（4）The story came to its turning point when________.
A．Joe died in 2009 B．Joe fell ill in 2007
C．the writer began to walk the dog D．the dog tired to please the writer
（5）Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital
A．Misty couldn't live without her
B．Her friends didn't offer any help
C．The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.
D．She didn't want Misty to 'others companion.
（6）What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage
A．One should learn to enjoy hard times.
B．A disaster can change everything in life.
C．Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.
D．People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
（6）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从遛狗的体验中悟出生活的哲理——尽管有时生活艰难、前途难测，但人生总有希望和快乐。
（1）考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Because I don't have time to take care of a dog.”可知作者一开始不同意养狗的原因是她事先知道照顾狗是她的事情，故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据前面的内容可知，在狗 Misty 眼里，small指女儿，medium指作者， large指丈夫。再根据第四段中的” Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . “可知，作者很快就和狗相处得很融洽了，几乎达到了心灵融合的地步，也就是说，狗比较相信她的女主人了。故选D项。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Misty knew this on day one”它在第一天就知道“和 “she calculated它在计算可以得出答案这只狗是非常聪明的。故选A。
（4）考查细节理解，根据第六段中的“Then one day — January 1, 2007 , to be exact — my husband ‘ s doctor uttered an unthinkable word : leukemia ( 白血病) . ”然后，2007年1月1日，确切地说是丈夫的医生宣布了丈夫得了白血病”， 说明这一天是一个转折点，所以可以得出答案为B。（5）考查细节理解。根据第八段中的“quiet, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day's medical drama unfolded.“安静，安静的时间来收集我的想法 ，所有的这一切都是精神上的一些安慰，可知遛狗可以给作者心理上带来安慰，帮助她消除她内心的烦恼，故选C。
（6）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future , there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment“.不管现在是多么困难或者将来是多么的难以预计，总是有一些提取快乐的方法。说明作者想要表达：快乐的时刻表明未来仍然存在希望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和词义猜测三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、信息匹配
26．（2015·浙江）从以下选项(A, B, C, D, E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Come in with something to say.
B. Prepare general comments.
C. Bring materials with you.
D. Don't make them wait.
E. Have no fear.
F. Go it alone.
One of the best things you can do any time in the semester is go see the professor. So hoof on over to an office hour and have some one-on-one face time with someone who'll help you master the material and improve your grade, to boot. But how should you have this conversation with the professor Here are five insider tips about how to make that office hour really count:
　 　 No need to get all bent out of shape about going to see the professor. The professor would actually like to see you and answer your questions. Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is eager to see you do well. And besides, he or she has seen many students stupider than you, so nothing you're gong to ask will set the record for stupidity.
　 　 Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner, the office hour will go better if it's just you and the professor. You'll get in more questions, the discussion will be tailored to what you need most help on, and two-party communication is almost always more productive than committee work. You friend can wait outside for the discussion.
　 　 If you can't make the official office hours, most professors are willing to make individual, appointments to help you out. If you're lucky enough to land such an accommodation, though, be sure you're 100 percent on time. There's nothing that ticks off a professor more than making him-or herself available for a custom office hour only to find that you don't care enough to come on time. And besides, the professor might leave after ten minutes, which would make your trip a total loss.
　 　 If you're meeting with the professor to go over a paper or test, or to ask questions about a particular lecture or reading, make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article. The professor doesn't remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual piece of work—though he or she will be able to recall them after just a brief glance at your work. And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand, you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you, rather than just talking in a general way about the contents.
　 　 Office hours almost always go better if you bring a few specific questions to the meeting. It's almost never good to start a meeting with general comments such as: “I didn't understand what you said about [main topic of the course]”or “I couldn't understand any of your lectures last week.” Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters, about a specific concept, point, or problem you didn't understand. Keep in mind that in a fifteen-minute office hour (which is how long these things usually last), two or three questions are usually the most you'll have time to discuss.
【答案】E；F；D；C；A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，给出了几个建议如何约见教授并开展对话以及一些注意事项。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据后面所说的一些内容可以得出答案，比如all bent out of shape 大发雷霆，理解上下文不难得出之所以不敢去问是因为害怕，教授会问你说stupid 愚蠢，因为he or she has seen many students stupider than you“教授见过比你更蠢的学生都有”。故选E。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner, the office hour will go better if it's just you and the professor. 最好是只有你和教授两个人” 和“You friend can wait outside for the discussion你的朋友最好在外面等” 说明你应该是独自一个人去的Go it alone，故选F。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据使用的几个词“on time”和 leave after ten minutes, 可以知道这个意思是Don't make them wait.不能让教授等待，应该是准时，因为教授不会久等。故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“...make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article.”确信带纸或者是试卷，说明你去之前应该是Bring materials with you.带一些材料。故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文“Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters, about a specific concept, point, or problem you didn't understand.”最好是带两个或3个观点、概念或者不明白的地方开始对话”， 也就是准备几个要说的东西。此题容易错选B选项，而且文章中也的确提到了这个字眼“general comments”, 但是要注意前面所使用的一个词never绝不” It's almost never good to start a meeting with general comments”。故选A。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
五、短文改错
27．（2015·浙江）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
例如： It was very nice to get your invitation to spent∧weekend with you. Luckily the I was completely free then, so I'll to say “yes”. I'll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m. am in Friday evening. On
My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.
【答案】①side改为sides ； ②from改为to ； ③sit改为sitting； ④easy改为easily； ⑤is改为was； ⑥them改为it ； ⑦not 删除； ⑧in hurry改为 in a hurry ； ⑨felt改为feel ； ⑩If改为Although/Though。
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍教室的文章。
①考查名词。根据前面的three，此处应该使用复数形式，故将side改为sides 。
②考查介词搭配 。 make of与make from两者都常用在被动语态中,表示“某物由.构成的”. make of 的原材料是看的到的,即平常我们说的物理现象,比如The chair is made of wood.椅子是有木头做成的。而make from的原材料是看不到的,比如Paper is made from the trees. 纸张是由木材做成的.是一种化学变化,从纸上是看不出一棵树滴。故将from改为to。
③考查动名词。 动词enjoy后接 ing形式，故将sit改为sitting。
④考查副词 。 此处的副词修饰动词see，故将easy改为easily。
⑤考查动词时态。 根据前后句的谓语时态都是使用过去的，所以这里面也需要用过去时态。故将is改为was。
⑥考查代词。 此处的it指代的是学校。故将them改为it 。
⑦ 考查意思是否表否定 该句的意思应该是表达肯定而不是否定所以要删除not。
⑧i考查冠词。 in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配，故在in hurry之间加a。
⑨考查使役动词。 make sb do sth,固定短语“让某人做......”，故将felt改为feel 。
⑩考查连词。根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。故将If改为Although/Though。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，介词，动名词，副词，动词时态，代词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达
28．（2015·浙江）在班级活动中，当你的想法与大多数同学不一致时，你是坚持自己的观点并说服别人，还是尊重大多数同学的意见？请你以“When I Have a Different Opinion”为题，用英文写一篇100～120个词“短文。要求如下：
1）从以上两种做法中选择一种；
2）以具体事例阐述你选择的理由。
注意：短文中，不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、同学姓名等真实信息。否则，按考试作弊行为认定。
When I Have a Different Opinion
【答案】When I Have a Different Opinion We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have various ways to deal with such a situation. When I have a better idea, I would choose to stick to it . By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly. Once we were discussing where to go for an outing. Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer peace. I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea. We did have a good time that day . Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all. An alternative student version: When I Have a Different Opinion We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority. The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism; I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit. Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. I would love to go to a museum, but most of my classmates wanted to go for a picnic. Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day. Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达陈述观点及理由。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确从以上两种做法中选择一种，是坚持自己的观点并说服别人还是遵从大多数同学的意见。2、提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。但是在以具体事例阐述的时候使用过去时4.注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：在第一篇文中， When I have a better idea, I would choose to stick to it .和 Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer peace.使用了时间状语从句； Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all.使用了原因状语从句。在第二篇文中，When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority.使用了时间状语从句； The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism.使用了表语从句；Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.使用了宾语从句。
1 / 12015年高考英语真题试卷（浙江卷）
一、单项选择
1．（2015·浙江）——Hi, John. Are you busy
——
A．Yes.I do agree. B．Yes.That would be nice.
C．No.Are you sure D．No.What's up
2．（2015·浙江）Jane's grandmother had wanted to write children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
A．a;不填 B．the;the C．不填;the D．a;the
3．（2015·浙江）Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea
A．about B．to C．with D．over
4．（2015·浙江）It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.
A．couldn't B．shouldn't C． mustn't D．needn't
5．（2015·浙江）Studies have shown that the right and left ear sound differently.
A．produce B．pronounce C．process D．download
6．（2015·浙江）If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.
A．what B．who
C．that D． whoever
7．（2015·浙江）Body language can a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
A．take away B．throw away C．put away D．give away
8．（2015·浙江）Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
A．has been B．had been
C．was going to be D．was
9．（2015·浙江） a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
A．Just as B．Even though C．Until D．Unless
10．（2015·浙江）Most people work because it's unavoidable.________，there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A．As a result B．In addition C．By contrast D．In conclusion
11．（2015·浙江）We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or our emotions than for straight facts.
A．block off B．appeal to C．subscribe to D．come across
12．（2015·浙江）How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you
A．them B．one C．those D．it
13．（2015·浙江）Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
A．steadily B．instantly C．formerly D．permanently
14．（2015·浙江） Listening is thus an active, not a , behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
A．considerate B． sensitive C．reliable D．passive
15．（2015·浙江）One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.
A．production B．stress C．energy D．power
16．（2015·浙江）If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea
A．float B．drown C．shrink D．split
17．（2015·浙江）These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A．in memory of B．in response to
C．in touch with D．in possession of
18．（2015·浙江）Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.
A．perform B．performing
C．to perform D．being performed
19．（2015·浙江）Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A．as B．whose C．in which D．at which
20．（2015·浙江） 一Why don't you consider a trip to, say, Beijing or Hangzhou
一 .
A．I wouldn't mind that B．Then we'll get there quickly
C．Let's call it a day D．It's not a requirement
二、完形填空
21．（2015·浙江）完形填空
Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now （1） on their way to impressive careers. By society's （2） , they seem to have it made.
On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a （3） drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with long time roommates, and （4） out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine （5） a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have （6） that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some （7） about unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they （8） . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and （9） . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the （10） to which they have so quickly become （11）
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and （12） the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they （13） or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion; it' s （14） . They have loans, bills, a mortgage（抵押贷款）to （15） , retirement to save for. They recognize there's something （16） in their lives, but it's （17） to step off the track.
In a society that tends to （18） everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our （19） in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs （20） in pursuing money over meaning These are exactly the kinds of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.
（1）A．much B．never C．seldom D．well
（2）A．policies B．standards C．experiments D．regulations
（3）A．last B．least C．second D．best
（4）A．cycled B．moved C．slid D．looked
（5）A．shared B．paid C．equaled D．collected
（6）A．advertised B．witnessed C．admitted D．demanded
（7）A．complain B．dream C．hear D．approve
（8）A．distribute B．hate C．applaud D．neglect
（9）A．calm B．guilty C．warm D．empty
（10）A．family B．government C．lifestyle D．project
（11）A．accustomed B．appointed C．unique D．available
（12）A．yet B．also C．instead D．rather
（13）A．let out B．turn in C．give up D．believe in
（14）A．fundamental B．practical C．impossible D．unforgettable
（15）A．take of B．drop off C．put off D．pay off
（16）A．missing B．inspiring C．sinking D．shining
（17）A．harmful B．hard C．useful D．normal
（18）A．measure B．suffer C．digest D．deliver
（19）A．disasters B．motivations C．campaigns D．decisions
（20）A．assessed B．involved C．covered D．reduced
三、阅读理解
22．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that's enough for me. Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean. “
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that ” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can't be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don't you find parts of it rather heavy going ” She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.
（1）According to the passage, children's fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A．reading little and thinking little
B．reading often and adventurously
C．being made to read too much
D．being made to read aloud before others
（2）The teacher told his students to read______ .
A．for enjoyment B．for knowledge
C．for a larger vocabulary D．for higher scores in exams
（3）Upon hearing the teacher's talk, the children probably felt that________.
A．it sounded stupid
B．it was not surprising at all
C．it sounded too good to be true
D．it was no different from other teachers' talk
（4）Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
（5）From the teacher's point of view,_________ .
A．children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B．children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C．reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D．reading involves understanding every little piece of information
23．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data .
Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details.You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text .
Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures.
Bar Graphs
A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).
Line Graphs
A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it's important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.
Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).
The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird's migration.
Pie Graphs
A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.
A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month's expense, (See Graph 3 ).
Food $ 25
Movies $ 12
Clothing $ 36
Savings $ 20
Books $ 7
（1）When used in a graph，a legend is_____
A．a guide to the symbols and colors B．an introduction paragraph
C．the main idea D．the data
（2）What is the total number of students who earned a C or better
A．4. B．6. C．10. D．20 .
（3）The bird covered the longest distance on _____
A．Day 1 B．Day 2 C．Day 3 D．Day 4
（4）Which of the following cost Amy most
A．Food. B．Books C．Movies D．Clothing.
24．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.
We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.
Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.
（1）According to the passage, human being .
A．prefer to live in the darkness
B．are used to living in the day light
C．were curious about the midnight world
D．had to stay at home with the light of the moon
（2）What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to
A．The night. B．The moon C．The sky D．The planet
（3）The writer mentions birds and frogs to .
A．provide examples of animal protection
B．show how light pollution affects animals
C．compare the living habits of both species
D．explain why the number of certain species has declined
（4）It is implied in the last paragraph that .
A．light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals
B．light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C．human beings cannot go to the outer space
D．human beings should reflect on their position in the universe
（5）What might be the best title for the passage
A．The Magic light. B．The Orange Haze.
C．The Disappearing Night. D．The Rhythms of Nature.
25．（2015·浙江）阅读理解
In 2004 ,when my daughter Becky was ten , she and my husband ,Joe, were united in their desire for a dog . As for me , I shared none of their canine lust.
But why , they pleaded. “Because I don't have time to take care of a dog.” But we'll do it. ” Really You're going to walk the dog Feed the dog Bathe the dog ” Yes, yes , and yes .”I don't believe you .” We will . We promise.
They didn't . From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day ) , neither thought to walk the dog . While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots , to schedule her vet appointments , to feed and clean her , Misty knew this on day one . As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large) , she calculated ,”The medium one is the sucker in the pack .”
Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . She'd look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers , beam her need , and then wait , trusting I would understand — which , strangely , I almost always did . In no time , she became my feet as I read , and splaying across my stomach as I watched television .
Even so , part of me continued to resent walking duty . Joe and Becky had promised. Not fair , I'd balk (不心甘情愿地做) silently as she and I walked . “Not fair , ” I' d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home .
Then one day — January 1, 2007 , to be exact — my husband ‘ s doctor uttered an unthinkable word : leukemia ( 白血病) .With that , I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital , doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort. During those six months of hospitalizations, Becky, 12 at the time, adjusted to other adults being in the house when she returned from school. My work colleagues adjusted to my taking off at a moment's notice for medical emergencies. Every part of my life changed; no part of my old routine remained.
Save one: Misty still needed walking. At the beginning, when friends offered to take her through her paces, I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with.
As the months went by，I began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty. The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day's medical drama unfolded. The evening walk was a time to shake off the day's upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.
When serious illness visits your household, it's , not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar. Pretty much everyone you acts differently.
Not Misty. Take her for a walk, and she had no interest in Joe's blood counts or 'one marrow test results. On the street or in the park, she had only one thing on her mind: squirrels! She Was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile. On a daily basis she reminded me that life goes on.
After Joe died in 2009，Misty slept on his pillow.
I'm grateful一to a point. The truth is, after years of balking, I've come to enjoy m' walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, throwing her whole being into the here-and-now of an exercise that has never once ended in victory, she reminds me, too, that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future , there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.
（1）why didn't the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story
A．She was afraid the dog would get the family, into trouble.
B．It would be her business to take care of the dog
C．Her husband and daughter were united as one.
D．She didn't want to spoil he' daughter.
（2）Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "The medium one is “he sucker in the pack.” (Paragraph 3)
A．"The middle-aged person loves me most.”
B．”The medium-sized woman is the hostess.”
C．"The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”
D．"The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family.”
（3）It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_______.
A．Misty was quite clever B．Misty could solve math problems
C．the writer was a slow learner D．no one walked Misty the first day
（4）The story came to its turning point when________.
A．Joe died in 2009 B．Joe fell ill in 2007
C．the writer began to walk the dog D．the dog tired to please the writer
（5）Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital
A．Misty couldn't live without her
B．Her friends didn't offer any help
C．The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.
D．She didn't want Misty to 'others companion.
（6）What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage
A．One should learn to enjoy hard times.
B．A disaster can change everything in life.
C．Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.
D．People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty.
四、信息匹配
26．（2015·浙江）从以下选项(A, B, C, D, E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Come in with something to say.
B. Prepare general comments.
C. Bring materials with you.
D. Don't make them wait.
E. Have no fear.
F. Go it alone.
One of the best things you can do any time in the semester is go see the professor. So hoof on over to an office hour and have some one-on-one face time with someone who'll help you master the material and improve your grade, to boot. But how should you have this conversation with the professor Here are five insider tips about how to make that office hour really count:
　 　 No need to get all bent out of shape about going to see the professor. The professor would actually like to see you and answer your questions. Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is eager to see you do well. And besides, he or she has seen many students stupider than you, so nothing you're gong to ask will set the record for stupidity.
　 　 Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner, the office hour will go better if it's just you and the professor. You'll get in more questions, the discussion will be tailored to what you need most help on, and two-party communication is almost always more productive than committee work. You friend can wait outside for the discussion.
　 　 If you can't make the official office hours, most professors are willing to make individual, appointments to help you out. If you're lucky enough to land such an accommodation, though, be sure you're 100 percent on time. There's nothing that ticks off a professor more than making him-or herself available for a custom office hour only to find that you don't care enough to come on time. And besides, the professor might leave after ten minutes, which would make your trip a total loss.
　 　 If you're meeting with the professor to go over a paper or test, or to ask questions about a particular lecture or reading, make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article. The professor doesn't remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual piece of work—though he or she will be able to recall them after just a brief glance at your work. And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand, you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you, rather than just talking in a general way about the contents.
　 　 Office hours almost always go better if you bring a few specific questions to the meeting. It's almost never good to start a meeting with general comments such as: “I didn't understand what you said about [main topic of the course]”or “I couldn't understand any of your lectures last week.” Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters, about a specific concept, point, or problem you didn't understand. Keep in mind that in a fifteen-minute office hour (which is how long these things usually last), two or three questions are usually the most you'll have time to discuss.
五、短文改错
27．（2015·浙江）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
例如： It was very nice to get your invitation to spent∧weekend with you. Luckily the I was completely free then, so I'll to say “yes”. I'll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m. am in Friday evening. On
My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.
六、书面表达
28．（2015·浙江）在班级活动中，当你的想法与大多数同学不一致时，你是坚持自己的观点并说服别人，还是尊重大多数同学的意见？请你以“When I Have a Different Opinion”为题，用英文写一篇100～120个词“短文。要求如下：
1）从以上两种做法中选择一种；
2）以具体事例阐述你选择的理由。
注意：短文中，不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、同学姓名等真实信息。否则，按考试作弊行为认定。
When I Have a Different Opinion
答案解析部分
1．【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：有人问John 是否有空？John的回答是没有，怎么了？A. Yes. I do agree.”是的，我同意“。这种表达用于回答是否赞同的情况。 B. Yes. That would be nice.”是的，这会很好“。这种表达用于表达观点看法。C. No. Are you sure ”不，你确定吗？“这种表达不确定时的再次询问。D. No. What's up ”不，怎么了？“根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分Yes. I do agree.，Yes. That would be nice，No. Are you sure ，No.What's up 的含义和使用环境。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】定冠词；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选D。
【点评】考查冠词，本题涉及不定冠词和定冠词的应用。
3．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，”是......的家园“。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析，区分about，to，with，over的含义和用法。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法；情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】：句意：太吵了，以致我们不能够听到我们在说什么？A的意思是不能，B的意思是不应该，C的意思是禁止，D的意思是不需要，该题使用了一个so+形容词+that的句式，做题时应该正确理解句意及这个句式的用法，正确理解这是表达不能还是表达其他的东西。must只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，这一点尤其要注意因为往往会出错。如果表示一种可能往往是can的形式（过去时态使用could)
【点评】：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪，态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考 的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题，考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态词+have done“的用法区别等。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】：句意：研究已经表明，左耳和右耳处理声音是不同的，A意为生产或制造，B意为发音，C意为处理，D意为下载，该题考查的是词义辨析，4个选项的意思都非常的不一样，所以在作答的时候，要每个单词都代入空格进行翻译，找最佳答案。根据常识，耳朵不能够生产或制造，不能发音，更不可能下载，所以答案只能是处理，也就是C。
【点评】动词绝对是高考英语复习的重点，对动词的考查约占高考语法与词汇试题的50％以上，要加强词汇、短语的记忆。要避免单纯地死记硬背，应善于寻找词汇、短语之间的联系，应注意结合语境，在理解的基础上熟记典型例句和常用搭配，总结规律，并根据自己的记忆特点，选择科学的记忆方法，记忆单词应和阅读结合起来，把单词融入句子中和语境中，利用上下文来帮助记忆。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】连词；宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里，此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that只有语法意义，句式上，该句用了（If从句，祈使句）的句式，非谓语to investigate后接一个宾语从句的表达，分析宾语从句的成分可以发现，空格所做的成分是主语，根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.
【点评】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句，因为从句部分is前面缺少成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water)的表达。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：肢体语言可以透露很多的心情，所以把你的手折起来站着，表示你是有防范的。A. take away”拿走“； B.throw away”扔掉“；C.put away”放好“；D.give away”泄露“，与send out 同义。根据句意，答案为D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take away，throw away，put away，give away的含义。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦生于1879年。作为一个孩子的时候，很少有人猜到他会成为一个提出的理论能改变世界的科学家。横线部分表示过去将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，仅有C项 was going to be 为过去将来时。故正确答案为C。
【点评】考查动词的时态，本题涉及过去将来时的应用。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】引导方式状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意思那样，一个句子也能够改变一个段落的意思。A.Just as”正如“； B.Even though”尽管“，用于让步状语从句； C.Until”直到“； D.Unless”除非“。分析逗号前后表达所使用的结构句式是相同的：world 对应 sentence, a sentence 对应 paragraph. 这正好是一种对应，也就是正如的关系，所以答案是选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及Just as引导的方式状语从句。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。A.As a result"结果"; B.In addition"此外"; C.By contrast"相反"; D.In conclusion”结论“。“不可避免”表述到一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种否定，所以答案只能是选C。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析。区分as a result，in addition，by contrast，in conclusion的含义和用法。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们趋向于对于那些让我们激动或者是吸引我们的东西记忆更清楚。A.block off 意为封锁，B.appeal to意为吸引，C. subscribe to意为订阅，D.come across意为遇到.该句的句式使用到了一个比较句式以及一个定语从句，看起来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句.所以 our emotions表达是跟前面excete our senses（让我们激动）意思是相同的，根据句意不难得出答案是C吸引。
【点评】考查动词短语时，常以“形似”或“意似”的短语作为选项。四个选项常采用以下形式：（一）动词相同，但副词或介词不同（二）副词或介词相同，但动词不同（三）动词、副词或介词均不相同，本题涉及到的是第（二）和（三）种，解答这类试题要认真分析句式结构、推敲句意，从所给的四个选项中，选路符合句意的动词短语。
12．【答案】D
【知识点】it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当你正在看一个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？It作形式宾语，指代If后面的句子。该句涉及到了一个疑问句，一个条件状语从句（if）和两个并列句(and)。这当时应该先把它转化为陈述句you would like______.分析句子结构知道like之后缺少一个宾语，需要一个宾格代词充当，用it。故选D。
【点评】本题考查名词性从句，本题涉及宾语从句的应用。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析；副词
【解析】【解析】：句意：就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一点食物在之前都是活着的。A，steadily意为稳定地，B.instantly意为立即地，C.formerly意为先前地，D.permanently心意为永久地。在做题的时候，只需要理解最后一句话就可以了was alive。根据句意及常识就能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。
【点评】这个句式含有一个If引导的状语从句，understand引导的宾语从句，一个非谓语短语作后置定语(put into our mouths），在解题的需要能够一一划分并区别开来。副词的作用是修饰形容词，动词，副词或句子，本题修饰的词是be alive，位置位于两个单词之间。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词
【解析】 【分析】：句意：因此听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为.它包含听，理解和记忆.A.considerate意为考虑周全的，Bsensitive意为敏感的，C.reliable意为可靠的，D.passive意为被动的.根据not可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。此题的关键是有一个not这是表示否定的，这表明跟前面的active是反义的关系，根据4个选项的意思不难得出答案是D.passive被动的。
【点评】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分的能力以及关注关键词not的能力。此句含有一个not a 是插入语的句式，一个非谓语句式consisting做后置定语，这是一个长句，去掉多余成分之后，它的主干，句是Listenting is an active behavior.其中Thus是副词，作状语。And连接三个相同hearing，understand和remembering。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人谈谈你的想法。A. production”产品“； B. stress”压力“； C. energy”能源“； D. power”力量“。根据常识可以知道，和别人谈心应该来说是减压。所以答案是B。
【点评】考查名词，区分production，stress，energy，power的含义。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：既然铁重于水，为什么船可以浮在水面上。A. float”漂浮“； B. drown ”淹死“； C. shrink ”收缩“； D. split”洒出“。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分float，drown，shrink，split的含义。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of”纪念“； B. in response to”回应“；C. in touch with”联系“；D. in possession of”拥有“。根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in memory of，in response to，in touch with，in possession of的含义。
18．【答案】D
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing ”听到某人某物做某事“。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的被动式的应用。
19．【答案】C
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
【解析】【分析】句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere “在氛围中”是一个固定搭配。此处也可以是where. 分析句子结构和结合四个选项，知道在这里面所需要填的是连词。然后空格之前是一个名词，这种情况首先考虑的是定语从句。然后分析之后的句子是具备完整的结构（有了主语employees和宾语part of a team）所以这应该是需要一个充当状语的连词，如where, when , why. 由于when用于时间，Why用于原因，剩下的使用where，所以这里填where。但是答案没有这个选项，根据搭配介词+which="where" 及in atmosphere 是固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及”in+关系代词which“引导的限制性定语从句。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么你不考虑一次旅行,比如说去北京或者是杭州 ——我是不会介意的。A. I wouldn't mind that ”我是不介意的“； B. Then we'll get there quickly”然后我们可以快一点到那里“；C. Let's call it a day ”我们今天就到这儿吧“；D. It's not a requirement”这不是要求“。根据句意，所以选A。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分I wouldn't mind that，Then we'll get there quickly，Let's call it a day，It's not a requirement的含义和使用环境。
21．【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C；（11）A；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）B
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正含义，指出“物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福”这一价值趋向。
（1）考查副词。 A. much”许多“；B. never”绝不“；C. seldom”很少“；D. well”很好“。根据上文“I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations,”“我看到一个又一个朋友晋升，作为银行主管（高级管理人员），咨询机构，律师事务所和大公司，”，不能得出要表达现在都在职业生涯中过得很好。故选D。
（2）考查名词。 A. policies”政策“；B. standards”标准“；C. experiments”实验“；D. regulations”规章制度“。根据句意，以当前的标准来看，他们的确成功了。故选B。
（3）考查形容词。A. last”最后的“；B. least ”最少的“；C. second”第二“；D. best”最好的“。根据第1题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
（4）考查动词。A. cycled”骑车或循环“；B. moved”搬家“；C. slid”滑落“；D. looked”看“。根据1题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
（5）考查动词。A. shared”分享“；B. paid ”支付“；C. equaled”等同“；D. collected”收集“。They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college year's monthly rent.句意是：生活好了，预订的房间里的酒价格等同于大学一个月的房租。选C。
（6）考查动词。 A. advertise”做广告“；B. witnessed”目击“；C. admitted ”承认“；D. demanded”要求“。“The thing is, a number of them have that despite their success, they aren't happy.” 意为很多人承认，尽管他们很成功，但是很不开心。故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. complain”抱怨“；B. dream”梦想“；C. hear ”听到“；D. approve”证明“。根据上一句的不开心，所以不难得出答案是抱怨。故选A。
（8）考查动词。A. distribute”分发“；B. hate”厌恶“；C. applaud”鼓掌“；D. neglect”忽略“。根据上文的不开心和抱怨，不能得出答案是厌恶。选B.
（9）考查形容词。A. calm”平静的“；，B. guilty”有罪的“；C. warm”温暖“；D. empty”空的，累的“。根据前面的tired累不能得出答案。Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 。意为有些人不尊重他们工作的公司，说累。故选D。
（10）考查名词。A. family”家庭“；B. government”政府“；C. lifestyle”生活方式“；D. project”项目“。前文提到很多都是生活，如学校生活，工作生活，结合语境不能得出答案是生活方式。故选C。
（11）考查形容词。A. accustomed”习惯的“；B. appointed”指定的“；C. unique”独一无二的“；D. available”可利用的“。“However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the to which they have so quickly become . 意为“但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现工作只是支持生活方式，而且慢慢他们已经对这种方式已经行习惯了。”故选A。
（12）考查连词。A. yet”但是“，表转折；B. also ”也“，表递进；C. instead”代替“；D. rather”相反“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。根据句意，前后是转折的关系，所以选A。
（13）考查动词短语。A. let out ”发出“；B. turn in”上交，归还“；C. give up ”放弃“；D. believe in”相信“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。故选D。
（14）考查形容词。A. fundamental”基本的“；B. practical”实践的“；C. impossible”不可能的“；D. unforgettable”难忘的“。句意：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。故选C。
（15）考查动词短语。A. take of ”起飞“；B. drop off”减少“；C. put off"推迟”；D. pay off“支付”。根据mortgage（抵押贷款）以及结合常识，可知D合题意。
（16）考查动词。A. missing“失去”；B. inspiring“鼓舞”；C. sinking “沉没”；D. shining“闪亮”。句意：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。故选A。
（17）考查形容词。A. harmful “有害的”；B. hard “困难的”；C. useful“有用的”；D. normal“正常的”。句意：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。选B。
（18）考查动词。A. measure “衡量”；B. suffer“遭受”；C. digest“消化”；D. deliver“运送”。句意：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。故选A。
（19）考查名词。A. disasters “灾难”；B. motivations“动机”；C. campaigns“战役”；D. decisions“决定”。句意：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。选D。
（20）考查动词。A. assessed“评估”；B. involved“涉及”；C. covered“覆盖”；D. reduced“减少”。involved in “参与”。句意：那么，在追求钱高于意义的情况下，我们的参与的个人以及社会代价呢？故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词，名词，形容词，动词，以及动词短语等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，选出正确答案。
22．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【知识点】细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐，而不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone.”这意味着当他们不知道单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。因此选D。
（2）考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that's enough for me. Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean.”“,but I want you to read them only for pleasure.” 意为“现在我要说一些关于阅读的事情，你可能从来没有听说过一个老师说。我希望你读很多书，但今年，我想让你读书只为乐趣。我不想问你问题，是否理解文章。如果你足够理解一个喜欢这本书，想去读它，这对我来说已经足够了。我也不想问你单词的意思。” 在这里enjoyment，enjoy和pleasure是同义词。所以答案选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“seriously, ‘Mr. Holt, do you really mean that '”不能得出答案。当老师说了这些话之后，孩子们都很震惊耶，很奇怪，所以他会确定问老师是不是真的这样？这表明学生是很不太相信的。答案选项的it sounded too good to be true，意为听起来太好了以致不相信这是真的。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “她回答说，哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分，继续读下一个好的部分。“可以得出答案是这个女孩知道如何欣赏这些文章。故选C。
（5）考查细节理解。 四个选项的意思分别是A孩子在阅读的时候不能够区别好的部分以及不好的部分；B应该留给学生孩子自己去选择，读什么以及如何读；C在学校阅读永远不会是一个愉快和启发性的体验；D阅读需要理解每一部分的信息。其实根据常识可以判断C和D是错误的，然后再结合全文大意，作者认为孩子不应该是强迫去读，要让他们自己读，选择材料读。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，根据题干要求，从而选出正确答案。
23．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍图表的类型以及相关作用，通过对条形图、线形图和饼形图的介绍，让学生学会读图，运用英语解决实际问题。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.” 一个图例，也被称为一个关键，是一个指导图中使用的符号和颜色。可知答案选A。
（2）考查数字计算。根据”In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. 在图1中，我们看到X轴显示学生获得的等级，Y轴显示每个等级的学生数。可以看到，6的学生获得了A，因为在它延伸到6垂直测量。“可以得出C以上就是包含A，B，C，其中A为6， B 为10，C为4，所以答案为20，选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Graph 2可知，第三天鸟儿飞行的距离最远，为70公里，故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据 Graph3可知，从扇形图可以得出Clothing占比例最多，即衣服的花销所占的比例最大，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和数字计算两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，计算，从而选出正确答案。
24．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
（1）考查细节理解。 根据第一段中的“ with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light”眼睛适应了太阳的光线， 可以知道答案为B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.”但是这是唯一的方法去解释我们对于夜晚做了什么：我们设计了光，让光充满星空。因此it指代night“ 夜晚”。故选A。
（3）考查写作目的。 根据第二段中的” The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences “这项工程带来好处的同时也带来了坏处；以及“Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected“, 此句意为无论光洒在什么地方，生活都会受到一些影响。 所以答案是show how light pollution affects animals”说明光污染影响的动物“，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night“生活在一个刺眼世界，我们已经远离了进化和文化遗产：星星和昼夜节律的光；以及”In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being“在一个非常真实的意义上，光污染使我们在宇宙中失去真我；等语句可知作者认为光污染使得人们失去了很多。对比选项发现D选项human beings should reflect on their position in the universe“人类应该反思自己的行为”符合语境。但此题易错选B，之所以不选B是因为some of 的表达是扩大了说法，以偏概全。故选D。
（5）考查主旨大意。文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、写作目的和主旨大意五个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
25．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
（6）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从遛狗的体验中悟出生活的哲理——尽管有时生活艰难、前途难测，但人生总有希望和快乐。
（1）考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Because I don't have time to take care of a dog.”可知作者一开始不同意养狗的原因是她事先知道照顾狗是她的事情，故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据前面的内容可知，在狗 Misty 眼里，small指女儿，medium指作者， large指丈夫。再根据第四段中的” Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . “可知，作者很快就和狗相处得很融洽了，几乎达到了心灵融合的地步，也就是说，狗比较相信她的女主人了。故选D项。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Misty knew this on day one”它在第一天就知道“和 “she calculated它在计算可以得出答案这只狗是非常聪明的。故选A。
（4）考查细节理解，根据第六段中的“Then one day — January 1, 2007 , to be exact — my husband ‘ s doctor uttered an unthinkable word : leukemia ( 白血病) . ”然后，2007年1月1日，确切地说是丈夫的医生宣布了丈夫得了白血病”， 说明这一天是一个转折点，所以可以得出答案为B。（5）考查细节理解。根据第八段中的“quiet, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day's medical drama unfolded.“安静，安静的时间来收集我的想法 ，所有的这一切都是精神上的一些安慰，可知遛狗可以给作者心理上带来安慰，帮助她消除她内心的烦恼，故选C。
（6）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future , there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment“.不管现在是多么困难或者将来是多么的难以预计，总是有一些提取快乐的方法。说明作者想要表达：快乐的时刻表明未来仍然存在希望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、推理判断和词义猜测三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
26．【答案】E；F；D；C；A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，给出了几个建议如何约见教授并开展对话以及一些注意事项。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据后面所说的一些内容可以得出答案，比如all bent out of shape 大发雷霆，理解上下文不难得出之所以不敢去问是因为害怕，教授会问你说stupid 愚蠢，因为he or she has seen many students stupider than you“教授见过比你更蠢的学生都有”。故选E。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner, the office hour will go better if it's just you and the professor. 最好是只有你和教授两个人” 和“You friend can wait outside for the discussion你的朋友最好在外面等” 说明你应该是独自一个人去的Go it alone，故选F。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据使用的几个词“on time”和 leave after ten minutes, 可以知道这个意思是Don't make them wait.不能让教授等待，应该是准时，因为教授不会久等。故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“...make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article.”确信带纸或者是试卷，说明你去之前应该是Bring materials with you.带一些材料。故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文“Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters, about a specific concept, point, or problem you didn't understand.”最好是带两个或3个观点、概念或者不明白的地方开始对话”， 也就是准备几个要说的东西。此题容易错选B选项，而且文章中也的确提到了这个字眼“general comments”, 但是要注意前面所使用的一个词never绝不” It's almost never good to start a meeting with general comments”。故选A。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
27．【答案】①side改为sides ； ②from改为to ； ③sit改为sitting； ④easy改为easily； ⑤is改为was； ⑥them改为it ； ⑦not 删除； ⑧in hurry改为 in a hurry ； ⑨felt改为feel ； ⑩If改为Although/Though。
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍教室的文章。
①考查名词。根据前面的three，此处应该使用复数形式，故将side改为sides 。
②考查介词搭配 。 make of与make from两者都常用在被动语态中,表示“某物由.构成的”. make of 的原材料是看的到的,即平常我们说的物理现象,比如The chair is made of wood.椅子是有木头做成的。而make from的原材料是看不到的,比如Paper is made from the trees. 纸张是由木材做成的.是一种化学变化,从纸上是看不出一棵树滴。故将from改为to。
③考查动名词。 动词enjoy后接 ing形式，故将sit改为sitting。
④考查副词 。 此处的副词修饰动词see，故将easy改为easily。
⑤考查动词时态。 根据前后句的谓语时态都是使用过去的，所以这里面也需要用过去时态。故将is改为was。
⑥考查代词。 此处的it指代的是学校。故将them改为it 。
⑦ 考查意思是否表否定 该句的意思应该是表达肯定而不是否定所以要删除not。
⑧i考查冠词。 in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配，故在in hurry之间加a。
⑨考查使役动词。 make sb do sth,固定短语“让某人做......”，故将felt改为feel 。
⑩考查连词。根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。故将If改为Although/Though。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，介词，动名词，副词，动词时态，代词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
28．【答案】When I Have a Different Opinion We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have various ways to deal with such a situation. When I have a better idea, I would choose to stick to it . By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly. Once we were discussing where to go for an outing. Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer peace. I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea. We did have a good time that day . Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all. An alternative student version: When I Have a Different Opinion We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority. The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism; I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit. Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. I would love to go to a museum, but most of my classmates wanted to go for a picnic. Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day. Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.
【知识点】命题作文；文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达陈述观点及理由。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确从以上两种做法中选择一种，是坚持自己的观点并说服别人还是遵从大多数同学的意见。2、提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。但是在以具体事例阐述的时候使用过去时4.注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：在第一篇文中， When I have a better idea, I would choose to stick to it .和 Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer peace.使用了时间状语从句； Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all.使用了原因状语从句。在第二篇文中，When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority.使用了时间状语从句； The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism.使用了表语从句；Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.使用了宾语从句。
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