中考专区二轮专题----定语从句

(共45张PPT)

The boy who likes smiling is ***.
The boy that has a round face is ***.
The girl who sits in front of *** is ***.
“She is a girl that likes English best.” Who is she
Describe a classmate to your partner and
let him/her guess who is he/she.
Guessing game
is a machine which tells people the time.
A clock
Guessing game
is a country that is famous for kangaroos.
Australia
Guessing game
is a person whose job is to cook.
A cook
Guessing game
is a dog that never bites(咬人).
A hot dog
She is a woman who is common, but great.
She is a woman who does a lot but ask for little.
She is a woman who takes care of you when you’re young.
You are the person who takes care of her when she’s old.
Who is she
The second Sunday of May
What kind of person is your mother
My mother is a person who
is very kind.
My mother is a person who
can make delicious food.
My mother is a person who
...
What does your mother look like
My mother is a person whose hair is long.
My mother is a person whose …
Mother is a person
_________ we can depend on.
who/whom
=
Mother is a person
on_________ we can depend.
whom
A: What gift do you want to give your mother
B: I want to give her a CD that/which she can enjoy. And you
A: I want to give her a …that/which…
定语从句
在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.
定语从句的位置: 放在先行词后面
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
关系词:引导定语从句的词。分为关系代词：
that who which whom whose; 关系副词：
where when why等
关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别
I have a sister.She works in Shanghai.
代替 sister
普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)
I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.
关系代词： （如上例who/which）
1.代替先行词; 2.连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。(把主句和从句连起来）
3.它还在定语从句中担任一定的句子成分(主语、宾语或定语）
The building is our school.
The building stands by the river.
关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
The building which/that stands by the river is our school.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。
关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which，that；whose;
然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词 主格 宾格 所有格
人 who,that who(m),that whose
物 which,that which,that whose,of which
最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.
(主句)The woman is my mother.
(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
关系代词
1.who/that指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）
The man( who/that) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who/that steals things is called a thief.
2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如
介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who/that) I talked to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.
3.which/that 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which/that were planted last year.
The TV set (which/that) he bought yesterday is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which/that) you borrow books from
Is this the library from which you
borrow books
关系代词
4.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。
Please show me the book .
Its cover is red.
Please show me the book whose cover is red.
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday.
The scientist we met yesterday is very
who famous in the world.
whom
that
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which

(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this
film.
He is the kind person that I have ever worked
who with.
whom

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

Can you find the pen
I wrote with it just now.
Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now
Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now
1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .
2)The room (that) I live in is very big.
The room (which) I live in is very big.
The room in which I live is very big.
注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after, look at ,take care of…
关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
引导词 先行词（物） 先行词（人） 定语
主 宾 主 宾
关系代词
which
that
who
whom
whose
Basic Structure
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
He is a man who used to be a lawyer.
He is a man who likes playing basketball.
He is a man who is from America.
He is a man who becomes the first black
president in the USA.
Guess: Who is he
Obama
Dear mother,
Thank you for loving me. I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Mother’s Day is coming soon. But I don’t know what I can do for you. I’m busy with the things that every American cares about. So I’ve decided to write you a letter. It seems I never write to you before. This is the only thing that I can think of.
Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong. Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me. Thank you for the first story that you’ve told to me. Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
I will always love you, mama!
Obama
Dear mother,
Thank you for loving me. I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Mother’s Day is coming soon. But I don’t know what I can do for you. I’m busy with the things that every American cares about. So I’ve decided to write you a letter. It seems I never write to you before. This is the only thing that I can think of.
Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong. Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me. Thank you for the first story that you’ve told to me. Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
I will always love you, mama!
Obama
1
2
3
4
5
6
Dear mother,
Thank you for loving me. I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Mother’s Day is coming soon. But I don’t know what I can do for you. I’m busy with the things that every American cares about. So I’ve decided to write you a letter. It seems I never write to you before. This is the only thing that I can think of.
Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong. Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me. Thank you for the first story that you’ve told to me. Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
I will always love you, mama!
Obama
1
2
3
4
5
6
Dear mother,
Thank you for loving me. I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Mother’s Day is coming soon. But I don’t know what I can do for you. I’m busy with the things that every American cares about. So I’ve decided to write you a letter. It seems I never write to you before. This is the only thing that I can think of.
Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong. Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me. Thank you for the first story that you’ve told to me. Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
I will always love you, mama!
Obama
以下情况，只能用that , 不能用which
1
当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时,只能用that。
2
当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时, 或被形容词最高级所修饰时,只能用that。
Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me.
This is the only thing that I can think of.
以下情况，只能用that , 不能用which
当先行词被 all, none of, any, no, much, little, few, every 等限定词所修饰时。
3
4
当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。
I can’t find any word that can describe your love.
Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.
选择适当的关系代词填空,有多余项。
who whom when whose which that
Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of May. It is an important day_____ people can show thanks and love to their mothers. They go back home to get together and have a big dinner. Gift-giving is the most popular thing _____ people do on Mother’s Day. It can be a small card on_____ people write down best wishes. Or it can be a bunch of flowers_______ can bring good luck. Who are the busiest people on Mother’s Day Of course the man and the kids. They are the people _____
should do all the housework that day. How happy mothers are that day!
when
that/which
that
which
who
题型一：单选中选择一个适当的关系代词
1.Last summer, I went to visit the house ____ Lu Xun was born in. （2011.山东）
A when B who C which D where
2.We don’t like the people_____ talk too much but never do anything.(2011.乌鲁木齐）
A who B whose C when D which
3.The first thing ____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.（2011.广东）
A which B that C why D who
C
A
B
题型二：阅读理解中直接在含有定语从句的句子处设置考题
Cars have polluted the environment .Factories say they want to make cars that pollute less .
But others say making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars .(09陕西阅读）
The meaning of the underlined sentence is:____________
A It’s better to have fewer cars
B It’s better to make cars that pollute less
C It’s easier to make cars that pollute less
D It’s easier to make people have fewer cars .
A
题型三：书面表达当中一些句子用定语从句来表达。
(安徽芜湖2010中考作文）
作为学生，我们应该感谢那些帮助我们的人。
As students ,we should thank those (people ) who help us .
(贵阳）我永远不会忘记曾经对我帮助很大的老师
I won’t forget the teachers who have ever helped me a lot .
1.我喜欢爱好听音乐的朋友
2. 我喜欢对健康有好处的食品。
3.我们应该帮助需要帮助的人
4戴眼镜的那个男孩是我的朋友。
4.The boy who wears a pair of glasses is my friend .
1.I like friends who like listening to music .
2.I like food that is good for my health .
3.We should help people who need help .
＿＿＿＿
1..God helps those who help themselves
2.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man .
3.He who laughs last laugh best .
4.He who gains time gains all.
5.It is the first step that cost .
6.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it .
自助者天助
不到长城非好汉
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好
赢得时间就赢得一切。
万事开头难
世上无难事，只怕有心人
writing
母亲节即将到来，给母亲写一封信
1.祝她母亲节快乐
2.描述她多年来对你的照顾，并且感谢她。
1.本篇文章应分为几段，每段都写什么？
2.应选用哪种时态？第几人称？
3.需要用到哪些句式结构？
2.你的卷面整洁吗？
1.你能注意标点和字母大小写吗？
Correct your own mistakes
in your article.
(改正自己文章中的错误。）
Today before you complain about the taste of food ,think of someone who has nothing to eat .
Before you complain about your old clothes ,think of the people who don’t have enough clothes to wear .
Before you complain about too much homework ,think of the children in the poor areas who even have no chances of going to school .
And when you are tired ,think of our parents who are working hard in the fields or in the factories .
So enjoy our life ,enjoy everything that we have .
Goodbye