平谷区2020—2021学年度第一学期教学质量监控试卷
高二英语
注意事项
1.本试卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分
知识运用（共两节，共30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Autism
hasn't
slowed
down
Landon
Dimm.
Although
he
didn't
speak
until
age
6,
he
was
able
to
____1____
by
writing
spelling
words
at
age
4.
Dimm
loved
his
PE
class,
which
helped
him
prepare
for
the
Special
Olympics
Capital
Area
Athletics
Meet.
He
has
competed
for
the
last
four
years
and
has
____2____
nine
gold
medals,
one
silver
and
one
bronze.
Dimm
has
competed
in
the
100-meter
walk,
softball
distance
throw,
long
jump
and
the
50-meter
walk
run
once.
His
favorite
____3____
is
the
softball
throw.
He's
increased
his
softball
throw
distance
every
year.
Dimm,
a
junior,
is
well-liked
at
school
and
is
a
friend
to
many.
He's
known
for
his
excellent
____4____
.
He
never
forgets
a
birthday,
and
he
____5____
dates
of
events
that
happened
years
ago.
“Landon
Dimm
is
a
great
kid
and
always
smiling,”
his
PE
coach
said.
“He's
very
friendly.
He
loves
PE
class
and
loves
____6____
in
the
Special
Olympics.”
Dimm's
mother,
Stacy
Crescionne,
said.
She
was
proud
of
her
son's
____7____
,
not
to
mention
his
growth.
“Landon
loves
his
classmates
and
teachers,”
she
said.
“He
talks
of
them
often.
He
likes
helping
others
in
class.
Landon
is
loved
by
everyone
who
meets
him.
He
is
friendly
and
very
polite.”
“He
has
an
unbelievable
memory
about
____8____
.
If
you
tell
him
your
birthday,
he
can
tell
you
____9____
what
day
of
the
week
it'll
fall
on
in
a
matter
of
seconds.”
Crescionne
said
her
son
took
a
_____10_____
attitude
lo
his
yearly
Special
Olympics
competitions.
“He
loves
competing
and
doing
better
each
time,”
she
said.
“He
likes
to
get
praised
for
doing
his
best.
He
looks
forward
to
the
event
each
year.”
1.
A.
celebrate
B.
challenge
C.
communicate
D.
calculate
2.
A.
delivered
B.
won
C.
succeeded
D.
received
3.
A.
subject
B.
hobby
C.
lesson
D.
event
4.
A.
memory
B.
grade
C.
effort
D.
preparation
5.
A.
remembers
B.
reacts
C.
combines
D.
suggests
6.
A.
performing
B.
competing
C.
struggling
D.
applying
7.
A.
devotion
B.
bravery
C.
achievements
D.
honesty
8.
A.
talents
B.
patterns
C.
seasons
D.
dates
9.
A.
suddenly
B.
obviously
C.
exactly
D.
luckily
10.
A.
negative
B.
positive
C.
sensitive
D.
practical
【答案】1.
C
2.
B
3.
D
4.
A
5.
A
6.
B
7.
C
8.
D
9.
C
10.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了患有自闭症的Landon
Dimm非常喜欢上体育课，这也帮助他为首都特奥会田径运动会做了准备。在过去的四年里，他参加了比赛，获得了9枚金牌，1枚银牌和1枚铜牌。介绍了Dimm的一些优点以及人们对他的评价和看法。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他直到6岁才会说话，但他在4岁时就能通过书写拼写单词与人交流。
A.
celebrate庆祝；B.
challenge挑战；C.
communicate交流；D.
calculate计算。根据后文“by
writing
spelling
words
at
age
4”可知，Dimm在4岁时就能通过书写拼写单词与人交流。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的四年里，他参加了比赛，获得了9枚金牌，1枚银牌和1枚铜牌。A.
delivered递送；B.
won赢得；C.
succeeded成功；D.
received收到。根据后文“nine
gold
medals”指赢得9枚金牌，应用win。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最喜欢的项目是垒球投掷。A.
subject课题；B.
hobby爱好；C.
lesson课程；D.
event活动。根据后文“is
the
softball
throw”可知，此处指最喜欢的活动，应用event。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的记忆力很好。A.
memory记忆；B.
grade成绩；C.
effort努力；D.
preparation准备。根据后文“He
never
forgets
a
birthday”可知，从来没有忘记任何人的生日，可见他记忆力很好。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从来不会忘记一个生日，他记得几年前发生的事情的日期。A.
remembers记得；B.
reacts反应；C.
combines结合；D.
suggests建议。根据后文“dates
of
events
that
happened
years
ago”可知，此处指记得几年前发生的事情的日期。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢体育课，喜欢参加特奥会。A.
performing表演；B.
competing竞争；C.
struggling努力；D.
applying申请。结合后文“in
the
Special
Olympics”可知，此处指喜欢参加特奥会，短语为compete
in“参加……比赛”。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她为儿子的成就感到骄傲，更不用说他的成长了。A.
devotion奉献；B.
bravery勇敢；C.
achievements成就；D.
honesty诚实。上文提到Dimm获得很多了奖牌，所以是为儿子的成就感到骄傲。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对日期有着令人难以置信的记忆力。A.
talents才能；B.
patterns模式；C.
seasons理由；D.
dates日期。呼应上文“dates
of
events
that
happened
years
ago”指对日期有惊人的记忆力。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你告诉他你的生日，他会在几秒钟内准确地告诉你生日是星期几。A.
suddenly突然；B.
obviously显然；C.
exactly恰好地，确切地；D.
luckily幸运地。根据后文“what
day
of
the
week
it'll
fall
on
in
a
matter
of
seconds”可知，此处指确切地说出生日是星期几。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Crescionne说她儿子在参加每年一度的特奥会比赛时态度很积极。A.
negative消极的；B.
positive积极的；C.
sensitive敏感的；D.
practical实际的。根据后文“He
loves
competing
and
doing
better
each
time”可知，Dimm喜欢参加比赛，对比赛态度积极。故选B。
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending
almost
a
full
day
in
the
car
with
a
74-year-old
woman
could
be
boring
for
a
16-year-old
high
school
student.
For
me,
though,
this
was
the
best
way
to
end
2020
and
begin
the
New
Year.
For
the
whole
trip,
we
didn't
turn
the
radio
on
once.
We
spent
hours
____11____
(discuss)
anything
and
gave
each
other
advice
____12____
(base)
on
our
experiences.
She
valued
the
wisdom
that
I
had
from
my
16
years;
I
learned
a
lot
I
never
expected
to.
I
____13____
(understand)
the
importance
of
real
conversation.
I
knew
that
you
shouldn't
take
yourself
too
seriously
and
that
not
everyone
had
to
get
"old
and
boring".
She
is
probably
one
of
the
____14____
(cool),
funniest
and
most
down-to-earth
people
I've
ever
met.
【答案】11.
discussing
12.
based
13.
understood
14.
coolest
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和一个74岁的女人在车里待了一整天聊天的经历。
【11题详解】
考查动名词。句意：我们花了几个小时讨论任何事情，并根据我们的经验给对方建议。短语spend
time
(in)
doing，意为“花费时间（做某事）”，根据句意，故填discussing。
【12题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：我们花了几个小时讨论任何事情，并根据我们的经验给对方建议。短语be
based
on，意为“以……为依据”，分析句子可知，设空处为过去分词短语作后置定语，故填based。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：我明白了真正对话的重要性。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据整篇语境可知为一般过去时，故填understood。
【14题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：她可能是我见过的最冷静、最有趣、最脚踏实地的人之一。分析可知，设空处和funniest,
most
down-to-earth共同作定语修饰名词，也应用最高级形式，故填coolest。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have
you
ever
heard
that
someone
mentioned
wearable
technology
but
weren't
quite
sure
____15____
it
meant?
Simply
put,
wearable
technology
is
a
general
term
for
a
group
of
devices
including
fitness
trackers
and
smartwatches
that
are
designed
to
be
worm
throughout
the
day.
These
devices
are
often
called
wearalables
for
short,
Wearables
____16____
（become）increasingly
popular
over
the
past
few
years,
but
the
basic
idea
is
nothing
new.
For
example,
if
you've
ever
worn
a
wristwatch,
you've
already
used
a
simple
kind
of
wearable.
Today's
wearables
can
actually
connect
with
your
existing
devices,
like
computers
and
smartphones,
____17____
means
they
can
do
a
lot
of
interesting
things.
【答案】15.
what
16.
have
become/have
been
becoming
17.
which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了近几年日益受欢迎的可佩戴科技产品。
【15题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：你曾经听过，某个人提到可佩戴高科技，但是不确定这指的是什么。后面的句子缺少宾语，且作sure的宾语。宾语从句的从句部分缺少主语或宾语，用连接词what。故填what。
【16题详解】
考查谓语时态。句意：可佩戴科技产品在过去的几年中变得越来越欢迎。由句中的时间状语over
the
past
few
years可知，该句的谓语用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，且become与主语为主动关系。故填have
become/have
been
becoming。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：如今的可佩戴科技产品可以与你现在的设备连接，如电脑和智能手机，这意味着它们可以做很多有趣的事情。该处为非限定性定语从句，从句缺少主语，which指代前面整个主句。故填which。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People
are
pleased
with
their
easy
life
in
Siheyuan.
They
live
a
peaceful
and
harmonious
life
in
theses
mall
"boxes".
Their
daily
needs
could
be
fully
satisfied
there
by
sellers
who
sold
vegetables,
____18____
（egg）,
fruits
and
snacks.
The
winding
and
narrow
hutongs
were
heaven
for
children
playing
games.
They
would
have
played
games
such
as
rubber-band
skipping,
Chinese
shuttlecock（毽子）,
and
hide-and-seek.
Even
in
modern
times,
young
boys
get
together
____19____
（hold）football
matches
in
these
narrow
hutongs.
Those
who
live
in
them
love
their
way
of
life
so
much
that
it
____20____
（describe）by
the
Chinese
as
a
culture
of
happiness
and
harmony.
【答案】18.
eggs
19.
to
hold
20.
is
described
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了居住在四合院中的人们丰富多彩的日常生活。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的日常需求可以完全得到满足。附近有卖菜、鸡蛋、水果和小吃的小贩。该处词在and并列结构中，由其它几个复数名词和句意逻辑可知，该词也应用复数形式。故填eggs。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至在当代，年轻的男孩们聚在一起，在狭窄的胡同里举办足球比赛。句中已有谓语动词get
together，该处使用非谓语动词。用动词不定式作目的状语，表示孩子们聚在一起的目的。故填to
hold。
【20题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：那些和他们住在一起的人非常喜欢他们的生活方式，以至于它被中国人描述为幸福和谐的文化。该处动词提示词作结果状语从句的谓语，与主语it为被动关系，应该用被动语态，表述客观事实，用一般现在时，主谓一致，故填is
described。
第二部分
阅读理解（共两节，共38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Basic
Information
about
Kew
Gardens
Tickets
include
entry
to
all
buildings
and
attractions
within
the
Gardens.
Save
money
and
gain
fast-track
entry
when
you
book
tickets
online.
You
can
make
a
donation
when
you
visit
Kew
Gardens.
As
an
alternative
to
buying
a
standard
price
ticket,
you
can
instead
make
a
donation.
The
donation
is
at
least
10%
more
than
the
admission
charge.
Thank
you
for
your
donation.
Members
of
Historic
Royal
Palaces
receive
a
10%
discount
off
the
entrance
fee
into
Kew
Gardens
on
presentation
of
a
valid（有效的）Historic
Royal
Palaces
membership
card.
The
Temperate
House
is
closed
for
repairment
until
2022.
Kew
Gardens
is
closed
on
24
and
25
December
due
to
Christmas.
Pay
at
gate（?）
Online
price（?）
Adult
Adult-donation
inclusive
Adult-
standard
Online
adult
16.5
15
14
Concession（减价票）（visitors
with
a
disability,
students
with
an
ID,
senior
citizens
60+）Concession-donation.
Concession-
donation
inclusive
Concession-standard
Online
concession
15.5
14
13
Child（ages
4-16）（0-3
years
old
free）（children
must
be
accompanied
by
an
adult
all
the
time）
Child
at
gate
Online
child
3.5
2.5
Necessary
carers
for
visitors
with
a
disability
FREE
FREE
21.
If
an
adult
wants
to
go
to
the
garden
with
his
65-year-
old
father,
how
much
should
they
pay
online?
A.
?32.5
B.
?27
C.
?32
D.
?29.5
22.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
second
and
third
paragraphs?
A.
Kew
Gardens
is
a
non-profit
organization.
B.
Only
Historic
Royal
Palaces
members
can
visit
Kew
Gardens.
C.
An
extra
10%
admission
fee
must
be
paid
to
make
a
donation.
D.
It
is
hoped
that
visitors
can
make
a
donation
when
they
visit
Kew
Gardens.
23.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Visitors
can
visit
Kew
Gardens
all
year
round.
B.
The
Temperate
House
cannot
be
visited
until
2022.
C
The
online
price
is
higher
than
the
price
at
the
gate.
D.
An
extra
fee
should
be
paid
for
certain
attractions.
24.
Where
can
we
most
probably
find
the
passage?
A.
On
a
financial
app.
B.
In
a
fashion
magazine.
C.
On
a
travel
website.
D.
In
a
geography
book.
【答案】21.
B
22.
D
23.
B
24.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一处名为Kew
Gardens的旅游景点的相关信息，包括门票价格、捐款特色活动和闭馆时间。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中online
price一列的文字信息“online
adult（?）14
(线上支付
成人票14英镑)”和Concession（减价票）visitors
with
a
disability,
students
with
an
ID,
senior
citizens
60+
Online
concession
13(身体有残疾、携带学生卡的学生和60岁以上的老人。减价票13英镑)可知，一位成人带65岁的老人入场门票一共27元。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As
an
alternative
to
buying
a
standard
price
ticket,
you
can
instead
make
a
donation.
The
donation
is
at
least
10%
more
than
the
admission
charge.
Thank
you
for
your
donation.
(如果不买标准票，你也可以进行捐款。捐款至少是超过门票10%的金额。谢谢你们的捐款)”可知，主办方希望游客们能慷慨解囊，奉献爱心，热心捐款。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The
Temperate
House
is
closed
for
repairment
until
2022.
(The
Temperate
House会关闭进行修缮，直到2022年才会再次开放)”可知，直到2022年游客才有机会游览The
Temperate
House。故选B项。
【24题详解】
文章来源题。根据文章第五段“Kew
Gardens
is
closed
on
24
and
25
December
due
to
Christmas.
(Kew
Gardens会在12月24到25日由于圣诞节闭馆)”和Concession（减价票）visitors
with
a
disability,
students
with
an
ID,
senior
citizens
60+
Online
concession
13(身体有残疾、携带学生卡的学生和60岁以上的老人。减价票13英镑)可知，全文介绍了Kew
Gardens旅游景点的闭馆时间、票价等信息，介绍这样信息的文章平时会在旅游网站上看到。故选C项。
B
Henry
Cavill:
Bring
Superman
to
Life
Henry
Cavill
knew
that
he
wanted
to
be
a
star
at
16
years
of
age,
after
a
chance
meeting
with
movie
star
Russell
Crowe
who
inspired
his
passion
for
acting.
But
for
the
British-born
actor,
the
bright
lights
and
attraction
of
Hollywood
were
a
long
way
away.
Supported
by
his
secretary
mother
and
stockbroker
father,
he
decided
to
study
drama
during
high
school.
His
journey
to
super
star
began.
Before
gaining
the
international
recognition
he
has
now,
Cavill
tried
out
for
roles
in
the
Harry
Potter
and
Twilight
series
but
failed
to
get
either.
He
would
have
to
keep
waiting
for
his
big
chance.
Determined
as
ever,
Cavill
took
any
acting
jobs
he
could
get
his
hands
on
and
appeared
in
several
low-budget
horror
movies
and
TV
shows
in
hopes
of
getting
noticed.
It
almost
worked.
In
the
early
2000s,
at
just
22
years
old,
he
narrowly
missed
out
on
becoming
the
new
James
Bond.
Finally,
in
2007,
his
hard
work
paid
off.
He
won
a
leading
role
as
the
first
Duke
of
Suffolk
in
the
period
show
The
Tudors.
The
TV
show
was
very
popular
and
helped
to
raise
Cavill's
popularity
in
America.
In
2011,
Cavil
landed
his
breakout
role,
playing
Superman
in
the
DC
Extended
Universe.
He
hasn't
looked
back
and
has
since
starred
in
many
hit
films,
such
as
Mission:
Impossible-
Fallout.
More
recently,
he
stepped
back
on
to
the
small
screen.
Since
2019,
he
has
starred
in
the
popular
series
The
Witcher,
adapted
from
the
book
series
and
video
games
of
the
same
name.
In
the
TV
show,
Cavill
played
a
brave
monster
hunter
named
Geralt
of
Rivia,
which
was
the
perfect
role
for
Cavill
because
he
was
a
fan
of
the
video
games.
Cavill
also
got
a
chance
to
play
a
classic
English
character
—
master
detective
Sherlock
Holmes
—
in
2020's
Enola
Holmes.
However,
Cavill
isn't
just
a
good
guy
on
screen.
His
charity
work
also
makes
him
a
real-life
hero.
In
2014,
he
took
part
in
the
Ice
Bucket
Challenge
while
wearing
his
full
Superman
suit
to
support
the
ALS
Association.
Currently,
he
is
an
ambassador
for
the
UK's
Royal
Marines
Charity,
which
supports
war
veterans
(退伍军人).
Why
does
he
do
it?
He
love
to
make
people
feel
good
and
bring
smiles
to
people'
faces.
Indeed,
Henry
Cavill
in
living
proof
that
you
don't
always
need
to
wear
a
cape
(斗篷)
to
act
like
a
hero.
25.
Why
did
Cavil
act
in
low-budget
film
and
TV
works
early
in
his
career?
A.
He
was
too
polite
to
refuse.
B.
He
was
hoping
to
get
noticed.
C.
He
was
encouraged
to
do
so
by
his
parents.
D.
He
was
friends
with
the
directors
of
the
projects.
26.
The
role
of
the
monster
hunter
was
the
perfect
for
Cavill
because
________
.
A.
he
had
experienced
hunting
monsters
B.
he
had
played
the
same
role
in
a
movie
C.
he
knew
the
writer
of
the
books
personally
D.
he
enjoyed
the
video
games
that
the
show
was
rooted
in
27.
Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Cavill?
A.
Modest
and
friendly.
B.
Determined
and
kind.
C.
Talented
and
faithful.
D.
Honest
and
considerate.
28.
What
made
Cavill
a
real-life
hero?
A.
Being
a
successful
actor.
B.
Playing
Superman
on
screen.
C.
Devoting
to
charities.
D.
Wearing
a
cape
to
take
part
in
activities.
【答案】25.
B
26.
D
27.
B
28.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了亨利·卡维尔在他当秘书的母亲和做股票经纪人的父亲的支持下，在高中时就开始学习戏剧，开始了成为超级明星的旅程，同时他的慈善工作也让他成为了现实生活中的英雄。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的首句“Determined
as
ever,
Cavill
took
any
acting
jobs
he
could
get
his
hands
on
and
appeared
in
several
low-budget
horror
movies
and
TV
shows
in
hopes
of
getting
noticed.(卡维尔一如既往地坚定，他接受了所有他能得到的表演工作，并出演了几部低成本的恐怖电影和电视剧，希望得到关注)”可知，卡维尔在他职业生涯的早期，在低成本电影和电视作品中扮演角色是希望得到关注。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“In
the
TV
show,
Cavill
played
a
brave
monster
hunter
named
Geralt
of
Rivia,
which
was
the
perfect
role
for
Cavill
because
he
was
a
fan
of
the
video
games.(在电视剧中，卡维尔扮演了一个勇敢的怪物猎人名叫杰洛特里维亚，这对卡维尔来说是一个完美的角色，因为他是一个电子游戏的粉丝)”可知，怪兽角色对于卡维尔来说是一个完美的角色是因为他是一个电子游戏的粉丝。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Determined
as
ever,
Cavill
took
any
acting
jobs”及第六段“His
charity
work
also
makes
him
a
real-life
hero.(他的慈善工作也让他成为了现实生活中的英雄)”可知，卡维尔是一个既有决心又充满爱心的人。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Cavill
isn't
just
a
good
guy
on
screen.
His
charity
work
also
makes
him
a
real-life
hero.(他的慈善工作也让他成为了现实生活中的英雄)”可知，卡维尔的的慈善工作让他成为了现实生活中的英雄。故选C。
C
Speaking
with
people
on
the
phone
is
pretty
rare
these
days.
Most
people
use
e-mail
or
messaging
apps
when
they
need
to
communicate
with
someone.
Sometimes,
though,
making
a
call
is
unavoidable.
This
simple
act
can
actually
be
a
nightmare
for
some
people.
Their
hearts
race
and
their
hands
sweat
at
the
very
thought.
If
this
sounds
familiar
to
you,
you
might
be
one
of
the
millions
of
people
who
suffer
from
telephobia—the
fear
of
speaking
over
the
phone.
Telephobia
is
a
form
of
social
anxiety,
although
people
who
feel
perfectly
comfortable
in
social
situations
may
also
experience
telephobia.
When
speaking
face-to-face,
we
give
off
lots
of
facial
or
bodily
cues
that
help
each
other
follow
the
conversation.
This
is
not
the
case
over
the
phone.
And
the
idea
of
speaking
into
this
void（真空）makes
people
terrified
that
they
will
freeze
up,
stumble
over
their
words（失言）,
or
lose
control
of
the
conversation
and
look
foolish
In
fact,
telephobia
is
very
similar
to
the
fear
people
feel
before
putting
on
a
performance
in
front
of
a
big
audience.
However,
there
are
things
that
one
suffering
from
thin
condition
can
do
to
reduce
this
fear
and
make
phone
calls
at
least
somewhat
bearable.
One
thing
that
those
with
telephobia
can
do
before
a
call
in
smile.
It
may
sound
silly,
but
smiling
before
doing
something
stressful
can
help
you
feel
more
relaxed.
It
won't
delete
the
anxiety
altogether,
but
it
will
take
the
edge
off
it.
Similarly,
imagining
how
the
call
will
go
before
you
make
it
can
also
help
things
go
more
smoothly.
Running
through
a
positive
conversation
in
your
head
will
make
you
feel
less
nervous
and
may
help
you
predict
any
possible
problems.
There's
no
need
to
spend
hours
on
this,
just
a
few
minutes
thinking
up
a
general
idea
of
what
you
want
to
say.
You
can
even
write
down
some
brief
notes
to
remind
yourself
of
your
talking
points.
This
is
particularly
useful
for
dealing
with
the
fear
of
not
being
able
to
express
yourself
naturally.
And
finally,
when
faced
with
receiving
a
call,
you
don't
always
have
to
pick
up.
There's
nothing
wrong
with
calling
the
person
back
later
when
you
feel
more
comfortable.
So
the
next
time
your
phone
starts
ringing,
remember—speaking
on
the
phone
doesn't
have
to
make
you
sweat.
The
important
thing
is
to
be
aware
of
your
fear
and
take
steps
to
deal
with
it.
29.
According
to
the
article,
which
situation
can
cause
a
feeling
similar
lo
telephobia?
A
Speaking
face-to-face
to
a
good
friend.
B.
Performing
in
front
of
a
large
audience.
C.
Running
in
a
race
without
proper
shoes.
D.
Using
a
messaging
app
while
on
the
subway.
30.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
mentioned
as
a
way
to
deal
with
telephobia?
A
Imagining
how
the
call
will
go
before
you
make
it.
B.
Standing
on
the
edge
of
a
tall
building
while
making
a
call.
C.
Calling
someone
back
later
instead
of
answering
their
phone
calls
right
away.
D.
Writing
down
some
brief
notes
to
remind
yourself
of
your
talking
points.
31.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
present
ways
to
ease
telephobia.
B.
To
explain
the
development
of
telephobia
C.
To
introduce
the
influence
of
telephobia.
D.
To
give
the
reason
why
someone
suffers
from
telephobia.
【答案】29.
B
30.
B
31.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种社交场合中人们可能会遇到的心理问题telephobia，并提出几条具体克服这种焦虑的有效方法。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In
fact,
telephobia
is
very
similar
to
the
fear
people
feel
before
putting
on
a
performance
in
front
of
a
big
audience.
(事实上，telephobia与人们在很多观众面前表演前内心的恐惧类似)”可知，即将在观众面前进行表演，人们通常会感到紧张恐惧，这与telephobia类似。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Similarly,
imagining
how
the
call
will
go
before
you
make
it
can
also
help
things
go
more
smoothly.
(同样地，打电脑之前想象一下电话内容如何进行也能帮助谈话进展得更顺利)”，“You
can
even
write
down
some
brief
notes
to
remind
yourself
of
your
talking
points.
(你甚至可以用笔记下一些简短的笔记，提醒自己谈话的要点)”和“There's
nothing
wrong
with
calling
the
person
back
later
when
you
feel
more
comfortable.
(当你感到心情平复时，再给来电话的人回拨是没有问题的)”可知，文章提出的应对telephobia的策略不包括“Standing
on
the
edge
of
a
tall
building
while
making
a
call.
(站在一个高楼的边缘打电话)”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
文章目的题。根据文章倒数第二段“There's
nothing
wrong
with
calling
the
person
back
later
when
you
feel
more
comfortable.
(当你感到心情平复时，再给来电话的人回拨是没有问题的)和最后一段“The
important
thing
is
to
be
aware
of
your
fear
and
take
steps
to
deal
with
it.
(最重要的事情是意识到你的恐惧，并且采取措施解决它)”可知，这篇文章主要为人们克服telephobia提供几条具体的策略。故选A项。
D
You
might
not
expect
it,
but
cows
are
a
large
source
of
the
greenhouse
gases
that
are
driving
climate
change.
Cows
produce
lots
of
methane
by
breaking
down
the
grass,
Now
scientists
have
shown
that
the
pollution
from
cows
can
be
reduced
by
adding
a
little
seaweed
to
their
food.
Scientists
first
discovered
that
seaweed
could
help
control
methane
from
cows
several
years
ago.
But
this
work
was
done
in
a
laboratory,
there
were
many
questions
about
whether
the
idea
could
work
in
real
life.
In
the
lab
studies,
the
cows
were
given
quite
a
bit
of
seaweed,
and
they
would
cause
losing
weight.
That
wasn't
helpful,
since
cows
are
often
sold
by
weight.
It
also
wasn't
clear
if
the
seaweed
would
stop
working
if
it
was
used
for
a
longer
period
of
time.
Now,
scientists
from
the
University
of
California,
Davis
have
answered
several
of
these
questions.
The
researchers
studied
21
cows
on
a
farm
for
about
five
months.
They
taught
the
cows
to
get
their
food
from
inside
a
special
hood,
which
allowed
the
scientists
to
measure
the
methane
that
the
cows
were
giving
off.
This
time,
they
used
a
much
smaller
amount
of
seaweed,
which
they
mixed
with
the
cows'
food.
The
results
were
surprisingly
good.
In
some
cases,
the
cows
produced
82%
less
methane.
The
improvement
depended
on
the
kind
of
food
the
cows
were
given,
but
even
the
worst-polluting
cows
produced
33%
less
methane.
Over
the
five
months,
the
scientists
didn't
see
any
signs
that
the
cows'
stomachs
were
getting
used
to
the
seaweed
and
starting
to
produce
more
methane
again.
Another
surprise
came
when
they
looked
at
the
weight
of
the
cows.
The
cows
that
were
fed
seaweed
gained
just
as
much
weight
as
the
other
cows,
but
they
didn't
need
as
much
food.
But
there
are
still
some
big
problems
with
the
idea
of
feeding
cows
seaweed.
For
one
thing,
there's
not
adequate
seaweed
to
feed
all
of
the
cows
in
the
world.
So
farmers
would
have
to
figure
out
a
way
to
grow
lots
of
seaweed.
A
bigger
problem
is
that
for
most
of
their
lives,
cows
live
in
fields,
where
they
eat
the
grass.
That
means
there's
no
chance
to
feed
them
seaweed
every
day.
These
problems
need
to
be
taken
seriously
if
the
world
is
going
to
avoid
the
worst
effects
of
the
climate
crisis.
Still,
it's
true
that
something
as
simple
as
feeding
cows
seaweed
can
help
reduce
some
of
the
pollution
causing
the
climate
crisis.
32.
Why
did
the
scientists
do
the
experiment
on
the
farm?
A.
To
control
the
amount
of
seaweed.
B.
To
record
the
weight
cows
gained.
C.
To
confirm
the
effect
of
seaweed
in
real
life.
D.
To
measure
the
amount
of
seaweed
cows
ale.
33.
The
underlined
word
“adequate”
means
________
.
A.
common
B.
special
C.
lacking
D.
enough
34.
The
passage
is
written
to
________
.
A.
appeal
to
people
not
to
raise
the
cows
B.
encourage
people
to
plant
the
seaweed
C.
remind
people
of
controlling
cows'
weight
D.
call
on
people
to
take
actions
to
reduce
the
pollution
【答案】32.
C
33.
D
34.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。奶牛是导致气候变化的温室气体的主要来源，然而科学家已经证明，只要在牛的食物中添加一点海藻，就可以减少来自牛的污染。文章介绍了研究开展的过程、研究发现以及这一方法仍然存在的问题。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It
also
wasn't
clear
if
the
seaweed
would
stop
working
if
it
was
used
for
a
longer
period
of
time.(但是这项工作是在实验室里完成，关于这个想法是否在现实生活中可行还有很多问题)”以及第五段“The
researchers
studied
21
cows
on
a
farm
for
about
five
months.
They
taught
the
cows
to
get
their
food
from
inside
a
special
hood,
which
allowed
the
scientists
to
measure
the
methane
that
the
cows
were
giving
off.
This
time,
they
used
a
much
smaller
amount
of
seaweed,
which
they
mixed
with
the
cows'
food.(
研究人员对一个农场的21头牛进行了大约5个月的研究。他们教奶牛从一个特殊的罩内获取食物，这样科学家就可以测量奶牛释放的甲烷。这一次，他们使用了少量的海藻，并将其与牛的食物混合在一起)”可知，科学家们在农场做实验是为了证实海藻在现实生活中的作用。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“So
farmers
would
have
to
figure
out
a
way
to
grow
lots
of
seaweed.”可知，因为没有足够的海藻养活世界上所有的牛，
所以农民们必须想办法种植大量的海藻。故划线词意思是“足够的”。A.
common普通的；B.
special特别的；C.
lacking缺乏的；D.
enough足够的。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still,
it's
true
that
something
as
simple
as
feeding
cows
seaweed
can
help
reduce
some
of
the
pollution
causing
the
climate
crisis.(尽管如此，像给牛喂海藻这样简单的事情确实可以帮助减少一些导致气候危机的污染)”结合文章说明了奶牛是导致气候变化的温室气体的主要来源，然而科学家已经证明，只要在牛的食物中添加一点海藻，就可以减少来自牛的污染。文章介绍了研究开展的过程、研究发现以及这一方法仍然存在的问题。可推知，文章的目的是呼吁人们采取行动减少污染。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Maintaining
and
Building
Muscle
Staying
healthy
is
very
important,
but
eating
well
and
getting
active
is
only
part
of
the
story.
Often,
we
forget
how
important
it
is
to
concentrate
on
building
and
maintaining
our
muscles.
____35____
It
can
also
help
you
improve
your
immune
system,
speed
up
your
body's
healing
process,
and
let
you
sleep
better.
And
as
you
age,
the
muscles
you've
developed
will
help
you
with
your
balance,
bone
strength,
posture,
and
even
more
confident.
____36____
After
all,
you
don't
have
to
look
like
Arnold
Schwarzenegger
to
feel
good
about
being
a
bit
stronger!
With
all
these
great
reasons
for
strength
training,
there
are
also
so
many
myths
that
stop
women
from
doing
it.
____37____
The
truth
is,
since
women
have
about
one-fifteenth
the
testosterone
of
men,
it's
much
harder
for
them
to
get
big
muscles
than
it
is
for
men.
So
go
ahead
ladies,
get
stronger.
You'll
be
happy
you
did!
There
are
some
easy
ways
to
build
muscle
at
home.
____38____
But
did
you
know
that,
when
done
right,
push-ups
can
be
as
effective
as
weight
lifting?
The
trick
is
to
make
sure
you
are
constantly
varying
the
type
of
push-up.
Placing
your
hands
closer
together
or
further
apart
are
two
excellent
ways
to
isolate
different
muscle
groups
and
ensure
you
get
the
maximum
return
on
your
effort.
____39____
For
example,
squats
and
lunges
for
your
legs,
pull-ups
and
chin-ups
for
your
upper
body,
and
crunches
and
planks
for
your
core.
With
every
exercise,
you
should
keep
track
of
how
many
you
do
and
measure
your
improvements
over
time.
In
addition,
keep
in
mind
that
once
a
specific
exercise
gets
too
easy,
there
are
always
plenty
of
changes
to
help
increase
is
difficulty.
There
are
so
many
strength
training
exercises
that
are
simple,
easy
to
do
at
home,
and
great
for
your
health.
Why
not
give
them
a
try?
Just
remember:
the
hardest
part
is
getting
started!
A.
Instead,
they
can
try
taking
a
bath
o
fall
asleep.
B.
People
may
fear
it
is
a
hard
work
to
insist
on
strength
training.
C.
Of
all
the
benefits,
maybe
the
best
part
is
your
improved
confidence.
D.
Without
leaving
the
comfort
of
your
home,
you
are
probably
familiar
with
push-ups.
E.
Building
muscle
strength
does
more
than
just
help
you
lift
heavier
things
and
lose
weight.
F.
Women's
common
fear
is
that
lifting
weights
will
make
them
look
too
bulky.
G.
There
are
also
other
simple
ways
to
increase
muscle
strength.
【答案】35.
E
36.
C
37.
F
38.
D
39.
G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。保持健康是非常重要的，但吃得好和多运动只是故事的一部分。经常，我们忘记了集中精力锻炼和保持我们的肌肉是多么重要。文章主要说明了增强肌肉力量的好处和方法。
【35题详解】
根据上一段中“Often,
we
forget
how
important
it
is
to
concentrate
on
building
and
maintaining
our
muscles.(经常，我们忘记了集中精力锻炼和保持我们的肌肉是多么重要)”以及后文“It
can
also
help
you
improve
your
immune
system,
speed
up
your
body's
healing
process,
and
let
you
sleep
better.
And
as
you
age,
the
muscles
you've
developed
will
help
you
with
your
balance,
bone
strength,
posture,
and
even
more
confident.(它还可以帮助你改善你的免疫系统，加快你身体的愈合过程，让你睡得更好。随着年龄的增长，你锻炼出来的肌肉会帮助你保持平衡、增强骨骼力量、保持姿势，甚至让你更加自信)”可知，本句是在说明增强肌肉力量的好处，故E选项“增强肌肉力量不仅仅能帮助你举起更重的东西和减肥”符合语境，故选E。
【36题详解】
根据上文“And
as
you
age,
the
muscles
you've
developed
will
help
you
with
your
balance,
bone
strength,
posture,
and
even
more
confident.(随着年龄的增长，你锻炼出来的肌肉会帮助你保持平衡、增强骨骼力量、保持姿势，甚至让你更加自信)”以及后文“After
all,
you
don't
have
to
look
like
Arnold
Schwarzenegger
to
feel
good
about
being
a
bit
stronger!(毕竟，你不需要看起来像阿诺德·施瓦辛格那样，因为更强壮一点而感觉良好！)”可知，上文提到了肌肉可以让人更自信，C选项中confidence对应上文中confident。故C选项“在所有的好处中，也许最好的部分是你提高了信心”符合语境，故选C。
【37题详解】
根据上文“With
all
these
great
reasons
for
strength
training,
there
are
also
so
many
myths
that
stop
women
from
doing
it.(尽管有这么多的理由进行力量训练，但也有很多谬误阻止女性进行力量训练)”以及后文“The
truth
is,
since
women
have
about
one-fifteenth
the
testosterone
of
men,
it's
much
harder
for
them
to
get
big
muscles
than
it
is
for
men.(事实是，由于女性的睾丸素含量是男性的1
/
15，因此女性要想拥有强壮的肌肉比男性难得多)”可知，本句应承接上文说明阻止女性进行力量训练的谬误，故F选项“女性普遍担心举重会让她们看起来太胖”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据上文“There
are
some
easy
ways
to
build
muscle
at
home.(这里有一些在家锻炼肌肉的简单方法)”以及后文“But
did
you
know
that,
when
done
right,
push-ups
can
be
as
effective
as
weight
lifting?(但你知道吗，如果做得好，俯卧撑可以和举重一样有效)”可知，本句是在说明在家里也可以做俯卧撑，D选项中push-ups对应后文中push-ups。故D选项“没有离开舒适的家，你可能已经熟悉俯卧撑了”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据后文“For
example,
squats
and
lunges
for
your
legs,
pull-ups
and
chin-ups
for
your
upper
body,
and
crunches
and
planks
for
your
core.
With
every
exercise,
you
should
keep
track
of
how
many
you
do
and
measure
your
improvements
over
time.
In
addition,
keep
in
mind
that
once
a
specific
exercise
gets
too
easy,
there
are
always
plenty
of
changes
to
help
increase
is
difficulty.(例如，你的腿可以做下蹲和弓步，你的上半身可以做引体向上，你的核心可以做仰卧起坐和平板支撑。每一次锻炼，你都应该记录下你做了多少，并衡量你的进步。此外，请记住，一旦一个特定的练习变得太容易，总是有很多改变来帮助提高难度)”可知，后文主要举例说明了其它可以增加肌肉力量的方法，故G选项“还有其他简单的方法来增加肌肉力量”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分
书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Last
week,
the
United
Nations
(UN)
released
the
most
complete
report
ever
created
on
the
global
problem
of
food
waste.
It
found
that
the
world
wastes
about
17%
of
all
the
food
produced.
That's
about
a
billion
tons
of
food
a
year.
A
billion
tons
is
a
lot
of
food
—
it's
over
2
trillion
(2
,000
,000
,000
,000)
pounds
or
about
931
billion
(931
,000
,000
,000)
kilograms.
The
report
says
that
the
amount
wasted
is
roughly
twice
as
much
as
earlier
studies
had
suggested.
The
report
was
produced
by
the
UN's
Environment
Program
(UNEP)
and
covered
food
waste
around
the
world
in
2019.
The
study
showed
a
several
different
ways
in
which
food
was
wasted
—
at
home,
in
restaurants
and
in
stores.
It
turns
out
that
by
far,
most
food
waste
—
about
61%
—
happens
horse.
On
average,
the
amount
of
food
thrown
out
at
home
works
out
to
about
163
pounds
(74
kilograms)
for
each
person
every
year.
Restaurants
were
responsible
for
about
26%
of
the
food
wasted.
The
remaining
13%
was
thrown
away
by
stores.
Many
people
thought
rich
countries
were
more
likely
to
waste
food
than
countries
that
were
less
rich.
That
turned
out
not
to
be
true.
One
surprising
discovery
was
that
food
was
wasted
at
about
the
same
rate
in
all
but
the
poorest
countries.
(The
UN
had
difficulty
measuring
food
waste
in
the
poorest
countries.)
But
people
in
richer
countries
may
waste
less
food
at
home
because
they
are
eating
out
at
restaurants
more
often.
That
certainly
seems
to
be
the
case
in
the
US,
which
has
low
waste
numbers
for
homes,
but
quite
high
numbers
for
restaurants.
In
some
cases,
labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
the
report
said.
People
might
be
throwing
away
food
even
though
it's
still
good
to
eat,
simply
because
the
container's
"Best
By"
or
"Sell
By"
date
has
passed.
In
poorer
countries,
food
may
be
wasted
because
not
all
homes
have
a
refrigerator.
Why
is
wasting
food
such
a
problem?
For
one
thing,
the
report
points
out,
hundreds
of
millions
of
people
went
hungry
in
2019.
Also,
wasting
food
is
really
bad
for
the
planet.
Farming
creates
between
10%
and
30%
of
the
world's
greenhouse
gas
emissions
(排放)
—
the
pollution
that's
making
the
climate
crisis
worse.
So
when
food
gets
thrown
out,
the
pollution
is
created
for
nothing.
The
UNEP
report
says
that
it's
important
for
countries
to
study
food
waste
more
carefully
in
order
to
figure
out
ways
to
solve
the
problem.
40.
How
many
tons
of
food
are
wasted
a
year
according
to
the
UN
report?
41.
Why
is
wasting
food
bad
for
the
environment?
42.
Read
the
following
statement,
underline
the
false
part
of
it
and
explain
the
reason.
Labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
because
people
might
be
throwing
away
food
that
is
bad
to
eat.
43.
Please
briefly
present
what
you
can
do
in
daily
life
to
save
food.
(about
40
words)
【答案】40.
That’s
about
a
billion
tons
of
food.
41.
Because
farming
creates
between
10%
and
30%
of
the
world’s
greenhouse
gas
emissions
—
the
pollution
that’s
making
the
climate
crisis
worse.
So
when
food
gets
thrown
out,
the
pollution
is
created
for
nothing.
42.
Labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
because
people
might
be
throwing
away
food
that
is
bad
to
eat.
People
might
be
throwing
away
food
even
though
it’s
still
good
to
eat,
simply
because
the
container’s
“Best
By”
or
“Sell
By”
date
has
passed.
43.
Possible
version
1:
To
save
food,
I
will
start
from
small
things.
When
eating
in
the
dining
hall,
I’ll
take
a
decent
serving
of
food
and
avoid
leftovers.
And
if
I
see
the
phenomenon
of
students
wasting
food,
I
will
be
brave
to
stop
them.
Possible
version
2:
After
eating
at
a
restaurant,
I
will
take
the
leftovers
home
and
practice
the
“Clear
your
plate”
campaign
with
action.
Also,
I
will
remind
my
relatives
and
friends
around
me
of
stopping
waste
food
and
treasure
the
grain.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界联合国发布的迄今为止关于全球食物浪费问题最完整的报告。该研究发现，世界上大约17%的食物被浪费了。这相当于每年大约10亿吨食物。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Last
week,
the
United
Nations
(UN)
released
the
most
complete
report
ever
created
on
the
global
problem
of
food
waste.
It
found
that
the
world
wastes
about
17%
of
all
the
food
produced.
That's
about
a
billion
tons
of
food
a
year.(上周，联合国（UN）发布了迄今为止关于全球食物浪费问题最完整的报告。该研究发现，世界上大约17%的食物被浪费了。这相当于每年大约10亿吨食物)”可知，该联合国报告显示，世界上大约17%的食物被浪费了。这相当于每年大约10亿吨食物。故答案为That's
about
a
billion
tons
of
food
a
year.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Also,
wasting
food
is
really
bad
for
the
planet.
Farming
creates
between
10%
and
30%
of
the
world's
greenhouse
gas
emissions
(排放)—
the
pollution
that's
making
the
climate
crisis
worse.
So
when
food
gets
thrown
out,
the
pollution
is
created
for
nothing.(浪费食物对地球非常有害。农业创造了世界上10%至30%的温室气体排放——污染使气候危机雪上加霜。所以当食物被扔掉时，污染就白白产生了)”可知，食物浪费对环境有害，因为农业种植导致温室气体的排放，这加重了气候危机。故答案为Because
farming
creates
between
10%
and
30%
of
the
world’s
greenhouse
gas
emissions
—
the
pollution
that’s
making
the
climate
crisis
worse.
So
when
food
gets
thrown
out,
the
pollution
is
created
for
nothing.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“People
might
be
throwing
away
food
even
though
it's
still
good
to
eat,
simply
because
the
container's
"Best
By"
or
"Sell
By"
date
has
passed.(人们可能会扔掉食物，即使它仍然很好可以吃，只是因为包装上的“最佳食用日期”或“销售日期”已经过去了)”可知，该小题原句中that
is
bad
to
eat.是错误的，原文中表示只是因为包装上写“最佳食用日期”或“销售日期”已过，而食物并没有变质。故答案Labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
because
people
might
be
throwing
away
food
that
is
bad
to
eat.
People
might
be
throwing
away
food
even
though
it’s
still
good
to
eat,
simply
because
the
container’s
“Best
By”
or
“Sell
By”
date
has
passed.
【43题详解】
考查表达。根据文章内容，全球食物浪费如此严重，并且食物浪费造成如此危害，所以抑制食物浪费现象从我做起，例如餐厅用餐吃多少点多少，践行光盘行动；看到别人浪费食物，勇于劝诫，向身边人宣传节约粮食。故答案为Possible
version
1:
To
save
food,
I
will
start
from
small
things.
When
eating
in
the
dining
hall,
I’ll
take
a
decent
serving
of
food
and
avoid
leftovers.
And
if
I
see
the
phenomenon
of
students
wasting
food,
I
will
be
brave
to
stop
them.
Possible
version
2:
After
eating
at
a
restaurant,
I
will
take
the
leftovers
home
and
practice
the
“Clear
your
plate”
campaign
with
action.
Also,
I
will
remind
my
relatives
and
friends
around
me
of
stopping
waste
food
and
treasure
the
grain.
第二节（20分）
44.
假设你是平谷区红星中学高二学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim曾到过平谷，他听说2021世界休闲大会（2021
Word
Leisure
Congress）已经在平谷闭幕，他想了解平谷近几年的变化。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1变化（交通transportation,环境environment,……）；
2.原因；
3.欢迎他再来平谷。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】One
possible
version:
Dear
Jim,
I’m
glad
that
you
care
about
the
2021
World
Leisure
Congress
and
want
to
know
the
changes
in
Pinggu.
Let
me
tell
you
some
developments
of
the
city.
I
have
witnessed
many
great
changes
in
my
hometown.
The
most
impressive
one
is
the
rapid
development
of
transportation.
In
the
past,
people
travelled
mainly
by
their
own
bikes.
Nowadays,
with
many
bus
lines
built,
it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
go
everywhere.
Besides,
the
spread
of
sharing
bikes
helps
people
travel
more
easily.
All
these
couldn’t
have
happened
without
the
measures
taken
by
the
government
and
applications
of
new
technology.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
Pinggu.
When
visiting
here
again,
you
will
feel
the
charm
of
the
city.
So
welcome
to
Pinggu
again.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Jim回复邮件，介绍平谷近几年的变化，并欢迎他再来。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告知：tell→inform
见到：see→witness
目前：at
present→nowadays
帮助：assist→help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I
have
witnessed
many
great
changes
in
my
hometown.
拓展句：I
have
witnessed
many
great
changes
in
my
hometown,
which
are
amazing.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Nowadays,
with
many
bus
lines
built,
it
is
more
convenient
for
people
to
go
everywhere.
(with加复合宾语，过去分词作宾补；不定式用作真正主语，it作形式主语)
[高分句型2]
When
visiting
here
again,
you
will
feel
the
charm
of
the
city.
So
welcome
to
Pinggu
again.
(when引导的时间状语从句中的省略，现在分词作状语)平谷区2020—2021学年度第一学期教学质量监控试卷
高二英语
注意事项
1.本试卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分
知识运用（共两节，共30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Autism
hasn't
slowed
down
Landon
Dimm.
Although
he
didn't
speak
until
age
6,
he
was
able
to
____1____
by
writing
spelling
words
at
age
4.
Dimm
loved
his
PE
class,
which
helped
him
prepare
for
the
Special
Olympics
Capital
Area
Athletics
Meet.
He
has
competed
for
the
last
four
years
and
has
____2____
nine
gold
medals,
one
silver
and
one
bronze.
Dimm
has
competed
in
the
100-meter
walk,
softball
distance
throw,
long
jump
and
the
50-meter
walk
run
once.
His
favorite
____3____
is
the
softball
throw.
He's
increased
his
softball
throw
distance
every
year.
Dimm,
a
junior,
is
well-liked
at
school
and
is
a
friend
to
many.
He's
known
for
his
excellent
____4____
.
He
never
forgets
a
birthday,
and
he
____5____
dates
of
events
that
happened
years
ago.
“Landon
Dimm
is
a
great
kid
and
always
smiling,”
his
PE
coach
said.
“He's
very
friendly.
He
loves
PE
class
and
loves
____6____
in
the
Special
Olympics.”
Dimm's
mother,
Stacy
Crescionne,
said.
She
was
proud
of
her
son's
____7____
,
not
to
mention
his
growth.
“Landon
loves
his
classmates
and
teachers,”
she
said.
“He
talks
of
them
often.
He
likes
helping
others
in
class.
Landon
is
loved
by
everyone
who
meets
him.
He
is
friendly
and
very
polite.”
“He
has
an
unbelievable
memory
about
____8____
.
If
you
tell
him
your
birthday,
he
can
tell
you
____9____
what
day
of
the
week
it'll
fall
on
in
a
matter
of
seconds.”
Crescionne
said
her
son
took
a
_____10_____
attitude
lo
his
yearly
Special
Olympics
competitions.
“He
loves
competing
and
doing
better
each
time,”
she
said.
“He
likes
to
get
praised
for
doing
his
best.
He
looks
forward
to
the
event
each
year.”
1.
A.
celebrate
B.
challenge
C.
communicate
D.
calculate
2.
A.
delivered
B.
won
C.
succeeded
D.
received
3.
A.
subject
B.
hobby
C.
lesson
D.
event
4.
A.
memory
B.
grade
C.
effort
D.
preparation
5.
A.
remembers
B.
reacts
C.
combines
D.
suggests
6.
A.
performing
B.
competing
C.
struggling
D.
applying
7.
A.
devotion
B.
bravery
C.
achievements
D.
honesty
8.
A.
talents
B.
patterns
C.
seasons
D.
dates
9.
A.
suddenly
B.
obviously
C.
exactly
D.
luckily
10.
A.
negative
B.
positive
C.
sensitive
D.
practical
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending
almost
a
full
day
in
the
car
with
a
74-year-old
woman
could
be
boring
for
a
16-year-old
high
school
student.
For
me,
though,
this
was
the
best
way
to
end
2020
and
begin
the
New
Year.
For
the
whole
trip,
we
didn't
turn
the
radio
on
once.
We
spent
hours
____11____
(discuss)
anything
and
gave
each
other
advice
____12____
(base)
on
our
experiences.
She
valued
the
wisdom
that
I
had
from
my
16
years;
I
learned
a
lot
I
never
expected
to.
I
____13____
(understand)
the
importance
of
real
conversation.
I
knew
that
you
shouldn't
take
yourself
too
seriously
and
that
not
everyone
had
to
get
"old
and
boring".
She
is
probably
one
of
the
____14____
(cool),
funniest
and
most
down-to-earth
people
I've
ever
met.
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have
you
ever
heard
that
someone
mentioned
wearable
technology
but
weren't
quite
sure
____15____
it
meant?
Simply
put,
wearable
technology
is
a
general
term
for
a
group
of
devices
including
fitness
trackers
and
smartwatches
that
are
designed
to
be
worm
throughout
the
day.
These
devices
are
often
called
wearalables
for
short,
Wearables
____16____
（become）increasingly
popular
over
the
past
few
years,
but
the
basic
idea
is
nothing
new.
For
example,
if
you've
ever
worn
a
wristwatch,
you've
already
used
a
simple
kind
of
wearable.
Today's
wearables
can
actually
connect
with
your
existing
devices,
like
computers
and
smartphones,
____17____
means
they
can
do
a
lot
of
interesting
things.
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People
are
pleased
with
their
easy
life
in
Siheyuan.
They
live
a
peaceful
and
harmonious
life
in
theses
mall
"boxes".
Their
daily
needs
could
be
fully
satisfied
there
by
sellers
who
sold
vegetables,
____18____
（egg）,
fruits
and
snacks.
The
winding
and
narrow
hutongs
were
heaven
for
children
playing
games.
They
would
have
played
games
such
as
rubber-band
skipping,
Chinese
shuttlecock（毽子）,
and
hide-and-seek.
Even
in
modern
times,
young
boys
get
together
____19____
（hold）football
matches
in
these
narrow
hutongs.
Those
who
live
in
them
love
their
way
of
life
so
much
that
it
____20____
（describe）by
the
Chinese
as
a
culture
of
happiness
and
harmony.
第二部分
阅读理解（共两节，共38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Basic
Information
about
Kew
Gardens
Tickets
include
entry
to
all
buildings
and
attractions
within
the
Gardens
Save
money
and
gain
fast-track
entry
when
you
book
tickets
online.
You
can
make
a
donation
when
you
visit
Kew
Gardens.
As
an
alternative
to
buying
a
standard
price
ticket,
you
can
instead
make
a
donation.
The
donation
is
at
least
10%
more
than
the
admission
charge.
Thank
you
for
your
donation.
Members
of
Historic
Royal
Palaces
receive
a
10%
discount
off
the
entrance
fee
into
Kew
Gardens
on
presentation
of
a
valid（有效的）Historic
Royal
Palaces
membership
card.
The
Temperate
House
is
closed
for
repairment
until
2022.
Kew
Gardens
is
closed
on
24
and
25
December
due
to
Christmas.
Pay
at
gate（?）
Online
price（?）
Adult
Adult-donation
inclusive
Adult-
standard
Online
adult
16.5
15
14
Concession（减价票）（visitors
with
a
disability,
students
with
an
ID,
senior
citizens
60+）Concession-donation.
Concession-
donation
inclusive
Concession-standard
Online
concession
15.5
14
13
Child（ages
4-16）（0-3
years
old
free）（children
must
be
accompanied
by
an
adult
all
the
time）
Child
at
gate
Online
child
3.5
25
Necessary
carers
for
visitors
with
a
disability
FREE
FREE
21.
If
an
adult
wants
to
go
to
the
garden
with
his
65-year-
old
father,
how
much
should
they
pay
online?
A.
?32.5
B.
?27
C.
?32
D.
?29.5
22.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
second
and
third
paragraphs?
A.
Kew
Gardens
is
a
non-profit
organization.
B
Only
Historic
Royal
Palaces
members
can
visit
Kew
Gardens.
C.
An
extra
10%
admission
fee
must
be
paid
to
make
a
donation.
D.
It
is
hoped
that
visitors
can
make
a
donation
when
they
visit
Kew
Gardens.
23.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Visitors
can
visit
Kew
Gardens
all
year
round.
B.
The
Temperate
House
cannot
be
visited
until
2022.
C.
The
online
price
is
higher
than
the
price
at
the
gate.
D.
An
extra
fee
should
be
paid
for
certain
attractions.
24.
Where
can
we
most
probably
find
the
passage?
A.
On
a
financial
app.
B.
In
a
fashion
magazine.
C.
On
a
travel
website.
D.
In
a
geography
book.
B
Henry
Cavill:
Bring
Superman
to
Life
Henry
Cavill
knew
that
he
wanted
to
be
a
star
at
16
years
of
age,
after
a
chance
meeting
with
movie
star
Russell
Crowe
who
inspired
his
passion
for
acting.
But
for
the
British-born
actor,
the
bright
lights
and
attraction
of
Hollywood
were
a
long
way
away.
Supported
by
his
secretary
mother
and
stockbroker
father,
he
decided
to
study
drama
during
high
school.
His
journey
to
super
star
began.
Before
gaining
the
international
recognition
he
has
now,
Cavill
tried
out
for
roles
in
the
Harry
Potter
and
Twilight
series
but
failed
to
get
either.
He
would
have
to
keep
waiting
for
his
big
chance.
Determined
as
ever,
Cavill
took
any
acting
jobs
he
could
get
his
hands
on
and
appeared
in
several
low-budget
horror
movies
and
TV
shows
in
hopes
of
getting
noticed.
It
almost
worked.
In
the
early
2000s,
at
just
22
years
old,
he
narrowly
missed
out
on
becoming
the
new
James
Bond.
Finally,
in
2007,
his
hard
work
paid
off.
He
won
a
leading
role
as
the
first
Duke
of
Suffolk
in
the
period
show
The
Tudors.
The
TV
show
was
very
popular
and
helped
to
raise
Cavill's
popularity
in
America.
In
2011
Cavil
landed
his
breakout
role,
playing
Superman
in
the
DC
Extended
Universe.
He
hasn't
looked
back
and
has
since
starred
in
many
hit
films,
such
as
Mission:
Impossible-
Fallout.
More
recently,
he
stepped
back
on
to
the
small
screen.
Since
2019,
he
has
starred
in
the
popular
series
The
Witcher,
adapted
from
the
book
series
and
video
games
of
the
same
name.
In
the
TV
show,
Cavill
played
a
brave
monster
hunter
named
Geralt
of
Rivia,
which
was
the
perfect
role
for
Cavill
because
he
was
a
fan
of
the
video
games.
Cavill
also
got
a
chance
to
play
a
classic
English
character
—
master
detective
Sherlock
Holmes
—
in
2020's
Enola
Holmes.
However,
Cavill
isn't
just
a
good
guy
on
screen.
His
charity
work
also
makes
him
a
real-life
hero.
In
2014,
he
took
part
in
the
Ice
Bucket
Challenge
while
wearing
his
full
Superman
suit
to
support
the
ALS
Association.
Currently,
he
is
an
ambassador
for
the
UK's
Royal
Marines
Charity,
which
supports
war
veterans
(退伍军人).
Why
does
he
do
it?
He
love
to
make
people
feel
good
and
bring
smiles
to
people'
faces.
Indeed,
Henry
Cavill
in
living
proof
that
you
don't
always
need
to
wear
a
cape
(斗篷)
to
act
like
a
hero.
25.
Why
did
Cavil
act
in
low-budget
film
and
TV
works
early
in
his
career?
A.
He
was
too
polite
to
refuse.
B.
He
was
hoping
to
get
noticed.
C.
He
was
encouraged
to
do
so
by
his
parents.
D.
He
was
friends
with
the
directors
of
the
projects.
26.
The
role
of
the
monster
hunter
was
the
perfect
for
Cavill
because
________
.
A.
he
had
experienced
hunting
monsters
B.
he
had
played
the
same
role
in
a
movie
C.
he
knew
the
writer
of
the
books
personally
D.
he
enjoyed
the
video
games
that
the
show
was
rooted
in
27.
Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Cavill?
A.
Modest
and
friendly.
B.
Determined
and
kind.
C.
Talented
and
faithful.
D.
Honest
and
considerate.
28.
What
made
Cavill
a
real-life
hero?
A.
Being
a
successful
actor.
B.
Playing
Superman
on
screen.
C.
Devoting
to
charities.
D.
Wearing
a
cape
to
take
part
in
activities.
C
Speaking
with
people
on
the
phone
is
pretty
rare
these
days.
Most
people
use
e-mail
or
messaging
apps
when
they
need
to
communicate
with
someone.
Sometimes,
though,
making
a
call
is
unavoidable.
This
simple
act
can
actually
be
a
nightmare
for
some
people.
Their
hearts
race
and
their
hands
sweat
at
the
very
thought.
If
this
sounds
familiar
to
you,
you
might
be
one
of
the
millions
of
people
who
suffer
from
telephobia—the
fear
of
speaking
over
the
phone.
Telephobia
is
a
form
of
social
anxiety,
although
people
who
feel
perfectly
comfortable
in
social
situations
may
also
experience
telephobia.
When
speaking
face-to-face,
we
give
off
lots
of
facial
or
bodily
cues
that
help
each
other
follow
the
conversation.
This
is
not
the
case
over
the
phone.
And
the
idea
of
speaking
into
this
void（真空）makes
people
terrified
that
they
will
freeze
up,
stumble
over
their
words（失言）,
or
lose
control
of
the
conversation
and
look
foolish
In
fact,
telephobia
is
very
similar
to
the
fear
people
feel
before
putting
on
a
performance
in
front
of
a
big
audience.
However,
there
are
things
that
one
suffering
from
thin
condition
can
do
to
reduce
this
fear
and
make
phone
calls
at
least
somewhat
bearable.
One
thing
that
those
with
telephobia
can
do
before
a
call
in
smile.
It
may
sound
silly,
but
smiling
before
doing
something
stressful
can
help
you
feel
more
relaxed.
It
won't
delete
the
anxiety
altogether,
but
it
will
take
the
edge
off
it.
Similarly,
imagining
how
the
call
will
go
before
you
make
it
can
also
help
things
go
more
smoothly.
Running
through
a
positive
conversation
in
your
head
will
make
you
feel
less
nervous
and
may
help
you
predict
any
possible
problems.
There's
no
need
to
spend
hours
on
this,
just
a
few
minutes
thinking
up
a
general
idea
of
what
you
want
to
say.
You
can
even
write
down
some
brief
notes
to
remind
yourself
of
your
talking
points.
This
is
particularly
useful
for
dealing
with
the
fear
of
not
being
able
to
express
yourself
naturally.
And
finally,
when
faced
with
receiving
a
call,
you
don't
always
have
to
pick
up.
There's
nothing
wrong
with
calling
the
person
back
later
when
you
feel
more
comfortable.
So
the
next
time
your
phone
starts
ringing,
remember—speaking
on
the
phone
doesn't
have
to
make
you
sweat.
The
important
thing
is
to
be
aware
of
your
fear
and
take
steps
to
deal
with
it.
29.
According
to
the
article,
which
situation
can
cause
a
feeling
similar
lo
telephobia?
A.
Speaking
face-to-face
to
a
good
friend.
B.
Performing
in
front
of
a
large
audience.
C.
Running
in
a
race
without
proper
shoes.
D.
Using
a
messaging
app
while
on
the
subway.
30.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
mentioned
as
a
way
to
deal
with
telephobia?
A.
Imagining
how
the
call
will
go
before
you
make
it.
B.
Standing
on
the
edge
of
a
tall
building
while
making
a
call.
C.
Calling
someone
back
later
instead
of
answering
their
phone
calls
right
away.
D.
Writing
down
some
brief
notes
to
remind
yourself
of
your
talking
points.
31.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
present
ways
to
ease
telephobia.
B.
To
explain
the
development
of
telephobia
C.
To
introduce
the
influence
of
telephobia.
D.
To
give
the
reason
why
someone
suffers
from
telephobia.
D
You
might
not
expect
it,
but
cows
are
a
large
source
of
the
greenhouse
gases
that
are
driving
climate
change.
Cows
produce
lots
of
methane
by
breaking
down
the
grass,
Now
scientists
have
shown
that
the
pollution
from
cows
can
be
reduced
by
adding
a
little
seaweed
to
their
food.
Scientists
first
discovered
that
seaweed
could
help
control
methane
from
cows
several
years
ago.
But
this
work
was
done
in
a
laboratory,
there
were
many
questions
about
whether
the
idea
could
work
in
real
life.
In
the
lab
studies,
the
cows
were
given
quite
a
bit
of
seaweed,
and
they
would
cause
losing
weight.
That
wasn't
helpful,
since
cows
are
often
sold
by
weight.
It
also
wasn't
clear
if
the
seaweed
would
stop
working
if
it
was
used
for
a
longer
period
of
time.
Now,
scientists
from
the
University
of
California,
Davis
have
answered
several
of
these
questions.
The
researchers
studied
21
cows
on
a
farm
for
about
five
months.
They
taught
the
cows
to
get
their
food
from
inside
a
special
hood,
which
allowed
the
scientists
to
measure
the
methane
that
the
cows
were
giving
off.
This
time,
they
used
a
much
smaller
amount
of
seaweed,
which
they
mixed
with
the
cows'
food.
The
results
were
surprisingly
good.
In
some
cases,
the
cows
produced
82%
less
methane.
The
improvement
depended
on
the
kind
of
food
the
cows
were
given,
but
even
the
worst-polluting
cows
produced
33%
less
methane.
Over
the
five
months,
the
scientists
didn't
see
any
signs
that
the
cows'
stomachs
were
getting
used
to
the
seaweed
and
starting
to
produce
more
methane
again.
Another
surprise
came
when
they
looked
at
the
weight
of
the
cows.
The
cows
that
were
fed
seaweed
gained
just
as
much
weight
as
the
other
cows,
but
they
didn't
need
as
much
food.
But
there
are
still
some
big
problems
with
the
idea
of
feeding
cows
seaweed.
For
one
thing,
there's
not
adequate
seaweed
to
feed
all
of
the
cows
in
the
world.
So
farmers
would
have
to
figure
out
a
way
to
grow
lots
of
seaweed.
A
bigger
problem
is
that
for
most
of
their
lives,
cows
live
in
fields,
where
they
eat
the
grass.
That
means
there's
no
chance
to
feed
them
seaweed
every
day.
These
problems
need
to
be
taken
seriously
if
the
world
is
going
to
avoid
the
worst
effects
of
the
climate
crisis.
Still,
it's
true
that
something
as
simple
as
feeding
cows
seaweed
can
help
reduce
some
of
the
pollution
causing
the
climate
crisis.
32.
Why
did
the
scientists
do
the
experiment
on
the
farm?
A.
To
control
the
amount
of
seaweed.
B.
To
record
the
weight
cows
gained.
C.
To
confirm
the
effect
of
seaweed
in
real
life.
D.
To
measure
the
amount
of
seaweed
cows
ale.
33.
The
underlined
word
“adequate”
means
________
.
A.
common
B.
special
C.
lacking
D.
enough
34.
The
passage
is
written
to
________
.
A.
appeal
to
people
not
to
raise
the
cows
B.
encourage
people
to
plant
the
seaweed
C
remind
people
of
controlling
cows'
weight
D.
call
on
people
to
take
actions
to
reduce
the
pollution
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Maintaining
and
Building
Muscle
Staying
healthy
is
very
important,
but
eating
well
and
getting
active
is
only
part
of
the
story.
Often,
we
forget
how
important
it
is
to
concentrate
on
building
and
maintaining
our
muscles.
____35____
It
can
also
help
you
improve
your
immune
system,
speed
up
your
body's
healing
process,
and
let
you
sleep
better.
And
as
you
age,
the
muscles
you've
developed
will
help
you
with
your
balance,
bone
strength,
posture,
and
even
more
confident.
____36____
After
all,
you
don't
have
to
look
like
Arnold
Schwarzenegger
to
feel
good
about
being
a
bit
stronger!
With
all
these
great
reasons
for
strength
training,
there
are
also
so
many
myths
that
stop
women
from
doing
it.
____37____
The
truth
is,
since
women
have
about
one-fifteenth
the
testosterone
of
men,
it's
much
harder
for
them
to
get
big
muscles
than
it
is
for
men.
So
go
ahead
ladies,
get
stronger.
You'll
be
happy
you
did!
There
are
some
easy
ways
to
build
muscle
at
home.
____38____
But
did
you
know
that,
when
done
right,
push-ups
can
be
as
effective
as
weight
lifting?
The
trick
is
to
make
sure
you
are
constantly
varying
the
type
of
push-up.
Placing
your
hands
closer
together
or
further
apart
are
two
excellent
ways
to
isolate
different
muscle
groups
and
ensure
you
get
the
maximum
return
on
your
effort.
____39____
For
example,
squats
and
lunges
for
your
legs,
pull-ups
and
chin-ups
for
your
upper
body,
and
crunches
and
planks
for
your
core.
With
every
exercise,
you
should
keep
track
of
how
many
you
do
and
measure
your
improvements
over
time.
In
addition,
keep
in
mind
that
once
a
specific
exercise
gets
too
easy,
there
are
always
plenty
of
changes
to
help
increase
is
difficulty.
There
are
so
many
strength
training
exercises
that
are
simple,
easy
to
do
at
home,
and
great
for
your
health.
Why
not
give
them
a
try?
Just
remember:
the
hardest
part
is
getting
started!
A.
Instead,
they
can
try
taking
a
bath
o
fall
asleep.
B.
People
may
fear
it
is
a
hard
work
to
insist
on
strength
training.
C.
Of
all
the
benefits,
maybe
the
best
part
is
your
improved
confidence.
D.
Without
leaving
the
comfort
of
your
home,
you
are
probably
familiar
with
push-ups.
E.
Building
muscle
strength
does
more
than
just
help
you
lift
heavier
things
and
lose
weight.
F.
Women's
common
fear
is
that
lifting
weights
will
make
them
look
too
bulky.
G.
There
are
also
other
simple
ways
to
increase
muscle
strength.
第三部分
书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Last
week,
the
United
Nations
(UN)
released
the
most
complete
report
ever
created
on
the
global
problem
of
food
waste.
It
found
that
the
world
wastes
about
17%
of
all
the
food
produced.
That's
about
a
billion
tons
of
food
a
year.
A
billion
tons
is
a
lot
of
food
—
it's
over
2
trillion
(2
,000
,000
,000
,000)
pounds
or
about
931
billion
(931
,000
,000
,000)
kilograms.
The
report
says
that
the
amount
wasted
is
roughly
twice
as
much
as
earlier
studies
had
suggested.
The
report
was
produced
by
the
UN's
Environment
Program
(UNEP)
and
covered
food
waste
around
the
world
in
2019.
The
study
showed
a
several
different
ways
in
which
food
was
wasted
—
at
home,
in
restaurants
and
in
stores.
It
turns
out
that
by
far,
most
food
waste
—
about
61%
—
happens
horse.
On
average,
the
amount
of
food
thrown
out
at
home
works
out
to
about
163
pounds
(74
kilograms)
for
each
person
every
year.
Restaurants
were
responsible
for
about
26%
of
the
food
wasted.
The
remaining
13%
was
thrown
away
by
stores.
Many
people
thought
rich
countries
were
more
likely
to
waste
food
than
countries
that
were
less
rich.
That
turned
out
not
to
be
true.
One
surprising
discovery
was
that
food
was
wasted
at
about
the
same
rate
in
all
but
the
poorest
countries.
(The
UN
had
difficulty
measuring
food
waste
in
the
poorest
countries.)
But
people
in
richer
countries
may
waste
less
food
at
home
because
they
are
eating
out
at
restaurants
more
often.
That
certainly
seems
to
be
the
case
in
the
US,
which
has
low
waste
numbers
for
homes,
but
quite
high
numbers
for
restaurants.
In
some
cases,
labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
the
report
said.
People
might
be
throwing
away
food
even
though
it's
still
good
to
eat,
simply
because
the
container's
"Best
By"
or
"Sell
By"
date
has
passed.
In
poorer
countries,
food
may
be
wasted
because
not
all
homes
have
a
refrigerator.
Why
is
wasting
food
such
a
problem?
For
one
thing,
the
report
points
out,
hundreds
of
millions
of
people
went
hungry
in
2019.
Also,
wasting
food
is
really
bad
for
the
planet.
Farming
creates
between
10%
and
30%
of
the
world's
greenhouse
gas
emissions
(排放)
—
the
pollution
that's
making
the
climate
crisis
worse.
So
when
food
gets
thrown
out,
the
pollution
is
created
for
nothing.
The
UNEP
report
says
that
it's
important
for
countries
to
study
food
waste
more
carefully
in
order
to
figure
out
ways
to
solve
the
problem.
40.
How
many
tons
of
food
are
wasted
a
year
according
to
the
UN
report?
41.
Why
is
wasting
food
bad
for
the
environment?
42.
Read
the
following
statement,
underline
the
false
part
of
it
and
explain
the
reason.
Labels
might
be
causing
food
waste,
because
people
might
be
throwing
away
food
that
is
bad
to
eat.
43.
Please
briefly
present
what
you
can
do
in
daily
life
to
save
food.
(about
40
words)
第二节（20分）
44.
假设你是平谷区红星中学高二学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim曾到过平谷，他听说2021世界休闲大会（2021
Word
Leisure
Congress）已经在平谷闭幕，他想了解平谷近几年的变化。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1变化（交通transportation,环境environment,……）；
2.原因；
3.欢迎他再来平谷。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
