2018年高考英语真题试卷（全国卷Ⅱ）

2018年高考英语真题试卷（全国卷Ⅱ）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读遍。
1．（2018·）What does John find difficult in learning German
A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: So, how is your German class going, John
M: Well, not bad. The pronunciation is fine with me. And its vocabulary is similar to English, but I'm finding the grammar awful.
W: Well, it takes a while to get it right.
【分析】问题： John 觉得学德语有什么困难？根据“but I'm finding the grammar awful”但我觉得语法很糟糕。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．（2018·）What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues. B．Brother and sister. C．Teacher and student.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I hope you can come to the party on Saturday.
M: I didn't know I was invited.
W: Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.
【分析】问题：谈话人之间可能的关系是什么？根据“I didn't know I was invited.”我不知道我被邀请了；以及“Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.”你肯定被邀请了。我们办公室的每个人都受到邀请。可知他们是同事，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．（2018·）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a bank. B．At a ticket office. C．On a train.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: May I help you
M: Yes. When is the next train to London
W: Oh, let me check. It leaves in twenty minutes.
M: One ticket, please.
【分析】问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“When is the next train to London ”下一班去伦敦的火车是什么时候？；“Oh, let me check. It leaves in twenty minutes.”哦，让我查一下。二十分钟后离开；以及“One ticket, please.”买一张票。可知他们在售票厅，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2018·）What are the speakers talking about
A．A restaurant. B．A street. C．A dish.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Charlie, do you know a restaurant called Bravo
M: Bravo…I know the name, but I'm not sure where it is.
W: It's on George Street. The food there is excellent.
【分析】问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据“Charlie, do you know a restaurant called Bravo ”查理，你知道一家叫Bravo的餐厅吗？故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．（2018·）What does the woman think of her interview
A．It was tough. B．It was interesting. C．It was successful.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Brian, I just had an interview. They said they would make a decision soon.
M: What are your chances of getting the job
W: Quite good. I think the interview went very well.
【分析】问题：这位女士对她的面试有什么看法？根据“ I think the interview went very well.”我认为面试进行得很顺利。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
二、听下面5短对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第6段材料，回答两小题。
6．When will Judy go to the party
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday.
7．What will Max do next
A．Fly a kite. B．Read a magazine. C．Do his homework.
【答案】6．B
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's go kite flying, Judy. It's such a lovely day.
W: Okay, but let me finish my chemistry homework first. Would you mind waiting for half an hour, Max There are a few sports magazines on the table.
M: Isn't the chemistry homework due next Wednesday
W: Yeah, but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on Tuesday.
M: All right, then. You go ahead, and I'll catch up on some sports news while waiting.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题： Judy 什么时候去参加聚会？根据“but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on Tuesday.”但我星期一有一整天的课，星期二有一个生日派对要参加。故选B。
7．问题： Max 接下来会做什么？根据“Would you mind waiting for half an hour, Max There are a few sports magazines on the table.”Max，你介意等半个小时吗？桌子上有几本体育杂志；以及“You go ahead, and I'll catch up on some sports news while waiting.”你继续吧，我等着的时候看看体育新闻。故选B。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第7段材料，回答两小题。
8．What does the man suggest doing at first
A．Go to a concert.
B．Watching a movie.
C．Playing a computer games.
9．What do the speakers decide to do
A．Visit Mike. B．Go boating. C．Talk a walk.
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: We've been on the computer all the time lately. Why don't we do something different Sunday afternoon
M: Well, we could go to a concert.
W: But I don't think we can get the tickets this late.
M: Then what about playing a computer game There's a really cool new one we could download.
W: Hmm. I don't know. I feel like I need to do some exercise. We could probably just walk by the lake. And I'll ask Mike to join us.
M: That sounds like fun. Let's do it!
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：男士一开始建议做什么？根据“we could go to a concert.”我们可以去听音乐会。故选A。
9．问题：谈话人决定做什么？根据“I feel like I need to do some exercise. We could probably just walk by the lake. And I'll ask Mike to join us.”我觉得我需要做些运动。我们可以在湖边散步。我会请Mike加入我们；以及“That sounds like fun. Let's do it!”听起来很有趣。让我们做吧！故选C。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第8段材料，回答三小题。
10．Which color do cats see better than humans
A．Red. B．Green. C．Blue.
11．Why do cats bring dead birds home
A．To eat them in a safe place.
B．To show off their hunting skills.
C．To make their owners happy.
12．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation
A．Grateful. B．Humorous. C．Curious.
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Welcome to our program, Doctor Peterson. Let's see what questions we've got for you today. Here is one: Can cats see color
M: Sort of. In the wild, Many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low light. Your cat can't see bright colors such as red and green, but it picks up more shades of blue, yellow, and gray than humans do.
W: And why do cats give dead birds to their owners
M: When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet, she isn't bringing you a present. Most cats just drag food home because it's a safe place to eat. A cat's mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice hunting. So a female cat without children may bring these "treats" to her owner instead. You may not like them, but at least you don't have to write her a thank-you note.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：猫比人类看哪种颜色更好？根据“Your cat can't see bright colors such as red and green, but it picks up more shades of blue, yellow, and gray than humans do.”你的猫看不到鲜艳的颜色，比如红色和绿色，但它比人类更喜欢蓝色、黄色和灰色。故选C。
11．问题：为什么猫会把死鸟带回家？根据“Most cats just drag food home because it's a safe place to eat. ”大多数猫只是把食物拖回家，因为这是一个安全的地方。故选A。
12．问题：谈话结束时，男士听起来如何？根据“You may not like them, but at least you don't have to write her a thank-you note.”你可能不喜欢它们，但至少你不必给她写感谢信。故选B。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第9段材料，回答四小题。
13．Who is Macy
A．Ed's mother. B．Ed's teacher. C．Ed's friend.
14．How does Ed usually go to kindergarten
A．By car. B．On foot. C．By bus.
15．What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten
A．Telling stories B．Singing songs C．Playing with others
16．What do the teachers say about Ed
A．He's clever. B．He's quiet. C．He's brave.
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten, Jack
M: Oh, he's doing fairly well. It's been three weeks since he first started going. So Macy and I are pretty used to it now. You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day, though.
W:I think that's a normal reaction for mothers. You live quite close to the kindergarten, don't you How does he get there
M: Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad. When it rains, they'll drive.
W: And is Ed enjoying kindergarten
M: Yeah, he loves to have other kids to play with. He keeps telling us things they do together.
W: What do the teachers at the kindergarten say about him
M: They said he is bright and that he's starting to learn how to tell time.
W: Isn't that fantastic
M: That is fantastic. It sounds like everything goes well.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
13．问题： Macy 是谁？根据“So Macy and I are pretty used to it now. You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day, though.”所以Macy 和我现在已经很习惯了。不过，当Ed第一天就要出发时，你应该看到Macy哭了；以及“I think that's a normal reaction for mothers. ”我认为这是母亲的正常反应。故选A。
14．问题： Ed 通常是怎么上幼儿园的？根据“Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad.”除非天气不好，否则Macy每天早上都和他一起去那里。故选B。
15．问题： Ed 喜欢在幼儿园做什么？根据“he loves to have other kids to play with.”他喜欢和其他孩子一起玩。故选C。
16．问题：老师们怎么评价 Ed ？根据“They said he is bright ”他们说他很聪明，故选A。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第10段材料，回答四小题。
17．At what age did Emily start learning ballet
A．Five. B．Six. C．Nine.
18．Why did Emily move to Toronto
A．To work for a dance school.
B．To perform at a dance theater.
C．To learn contemporary dance.
19．Why did Emily quit dancing
A．She was too old to dance.
B．She failed to get a scholarship.
C．She lost interest in it.
20．How does Emily feel about stopping training
A．She's pleased. B．She's regretful. C．She's upset
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．C
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】W: My name is Emily. I had been a dancer for quite a long time. I started studying ballet when I was six years old. By the time I was nine, I was dancing five days a week. When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally. So I applied successfully for the training program at the school of Toronto Dance Theatre, and moved to Toronto to attend the program. That was the period of time I enjoyed most in Toronto. I graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten years. But after all those years, I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joy. I found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances, so I quit. I do miss dance often, but it makes me happy to think that I'll never have to go to another training session again.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题： Emily 几岁开始学芭蕾舞？根据“I started studying ballet when I was six years old. ”我六岁时开始学习芭蕾舞。故选B。
18．问题：Emily 为什么搬到多伦多？根据“When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally. So I applied successfully for the training program at the school of Toronto Dance Theatre, and moved to Toronto to attend the program.”当我十八岁的时候，我决定我真的更喜欢当代舞，并且我想以专业的方式去做。因此，我成功地申请了多伦多舞蹈剧院学校的培训课程，并搬到多伦多参加了该课程。故选C。
19．问题：Emily 为什么不跳舞了？根据“But after all those years, I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joy. I found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances, so I quit.”但经过这么多年，我发现舞蹈逐渐成为一种负担，而不是一种快乐。我发现自己越来越不愿意拖着自己去参加舞蹈表演，所以我退出了。故选C。
20．问题： Emily 对停止训练有何感想？根据“I do miss dance often, but it makes me happy to think that I'll never have to go to another training session again.”我确实经常想念舞蹈，但想到我再也不用参加另一场训练课，这让我很高兴。故选A。
三、阅读理解
21．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Activities
Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices.
Activity Description Member of staff Cost
Outdoor Adveature (OUT) Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoot. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment. Mr. Clemens 140
WWI Battlefields and Paris (WBP) On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Mrs. Milson 425
Crafty Foxes (CRF) Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations... Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles. Mrs. Goode 30
Potty about Potter (POT) Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford's Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter. Miss Drake 150
（1）Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping
A．OUT. B．WBP. C．CRF. D．POT.
（2）What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson
A．Travel to London. B．See a parade and fireworks.
C．Tour Central Paris. D．Visit the WWI battleficlds.
（3）How long does Potty about Potter last
A．Two days B．Four days C．Five days D．One week
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了4个适合学生的夏季活动。
⑴A 细节理解题 根据第一个活动介绍中的第二句You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor 可知选A。
⑵D 细节理解题 根据关键词Mrs.Wilson定位答案在第二个活动介绍文段中，根据本段第一句On Monday we..., we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields.可知答案为D
⑶A 细节理解。 最后一段第一句Visit Warner Bros Stidio, shop stop to buy pinic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel...中的关键词overnoght可知Potty about Potter活动持续2天时间，故答案为A
【点评】本文属于应用文阅读，此类文章重在考查对细节信息的查找和分析，答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息，与选项进行比对，答案就显而易见了。
22．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.　 　 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.　 　
●Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start.　 　 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
●　 　 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
●　 　 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food. D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
【答案】G；E；F；B；A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍晨练的诸多好处：提高工作效率、促进新陈代谢、增加睡眠质量。建议我们早上积极参加锻炼，从而换了精力充沛的一天。
⑴G 根据第一句：“如果你已经在找时间锻炼，确实不错！生活这么繁忙，找时间锻炼确实不易”，选项G“如果你正计划经常锻炼，或正在这样做，那么听我说。”与前一句的句式完全相符，而且与上下文构介绍晨练的益处成承上启下的衔接，故答案为G。
⑵E 根据前一句“Exercising makes you more awake”与选项E中“keep your head clear”一致，锻炼后能让大脑保持4-10个小时的清醒，从而提高工作效率。故答案为E。
⑶F 后一句中提到getting the calories burning benefits与选项F中的continue to burn calories呼应，早上锻炼帮助燃烧卡路里，促进新陈代谢，并且在之后的一整天时间里卡路里持续燃烧。故答案为F。
⑷B 这是本段的主题句。根据段意：研究发现，早起锻炼的人在晚上睡眠更好。所以，睡眠质量提高，故答案为B。
⑸A 此处是本段的主旨句。根据下文：“如果你清晨锻炼，你更有可能坚持健康饮食的选择。”所以A（你会坚持你的饮食习惯）符合语境，故答案为A。
【点评】本题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。
23．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
D
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A．Addiction to smartphones.
B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C．Absence of communication between strangers.
D．Impatience with slow service.
（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A．Showing good manners. B．Relating to other people.
C．Focusing on a topic. D．Making business deals.
（3）What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A．It improves family relationships.
B．It raises people's confidence.
C．It matters as much as a formal talk.
D．It makes people feel good.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A．Conversation Counts B．Ways of Making Small Talk
C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Uncomfortable Silence
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，主要谈论闲聊带来的好处。
⑴C 推理判断。通读第一段可知，在电梯里、银行排队时、飞机上，人们都专注于自己的手机，忍受着令人不舒服的沉默。结合下文谈论闲聊的好处，所以本段主要描述陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象。故答案为C。
⑵B 细节理解。根据关键词“Carducci”可以定位答案在第三段末“Almost every great……with them”，理解句意：几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一宗大生意都开始于闲聊。闲聊成功的关键是学会如何与别人联系，不只是与他们交流。句中的connect with sb与relate to sb同义，都是“与某人联系”的意思，故答案为B。
⑶D 细节理解。根据题目中的the coffee shop study可知答案在倒数第二段，由The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feeling and better coffee shop experience可知在咖啡馆与服务人员闲聊不仅可以获得更积极的情感，而且还有更好的咖啡店的体验，所以答案为D。
⑷C 主旨大意。通读全文可知本文在开头描述人们之间没有交流带来的尴尬气氛，然后提出论点“闲聊是带来很大的好处宝贵的社交实践”，然后通过名人的言论和实验证明闲聊会让人感觉更好，而且会创造出伟大的爱情故事甚至大宗的生意，所以本文论述闲聊带来的诸多好处，“它是礼貌的基础”。故答案为C。
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
24．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children's lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report's key findings, "the proportion (比例) who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages2-8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议)parenst looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近)ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.
（1）What is the Common Sense Media report probably about
A．Children's reading habits. B．Quality of children's books.
C．Children's after-class activities. D．Parent-child relationships.
（2）Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"
A．In paragraph 2. B．In paragraph 3.
C．In paragraph 4. D．In paragraph 5.
（3）Why do many parents limit electronic reading
A．E-books are of poor quality. B．It could be waste of time.
C．It may harm children's health. D．E-readers are expensive.
（4）How should parents encourage their children to read more
A．Act as role models for them.
B．Ask then to write book reports.
C．Set up reading groups for them.
D．Talk with their reading class teachers.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文属于社科类说明文，是一篇调查报告，调查发现青少年阅读量增多但为快乐而读的却在减少。
⑴A主旨大意题 本文是一篇关于青少年阅读情况的调查报告， 由第一段第二段就可知 主旨大意是关于孩子的阅读习惯，故答案为A。
⑵B细节理解题 根据第三段句子The proportion who says they ‘ hardly ever 'read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today可知答案为B。
⑶C 推理题 根据倒数第三段最后一句It does point out that...,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.知父母限制孩子电子阅读是因为电子阅读时间长了会对孩子健康有害，故答案为C。
⑷A细节理解 文中倒数第二段 第一句The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their children when it comes to reading 及最后一句Data shows that kids and teens..., parents who read more often可知父母鼓励孩子多阅读应该自己多读书，为孩子树立榜样，以行的方式带动孩子阅读，故答案为A。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读调查报告时首先要弄清楚首段一般为文章主旨大意，说明调查的结论，然后对所得结论进行例证分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
25．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares However, they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream". For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a "soft-serve" creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
（1）What does the author seem to like about cherries
A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A
C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants.
（2）Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas
A．To make them smell better. B．To keep their colour.
C．To speed up their ripening. D．To improve their nutrition.
（3）What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph
A．A dessert. B．A drink. C．A container. D．A machine.
（4）From which is the text probably taken
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇自然科学类说明文，介绍浆果和核果为人们的身体健康提供的各种营养物质。
⑴C 细节推理。 根据第二段中As for cherries，they are so delicious who cares？可知作者说樱桃很好吃，谁又在乎他们的营养成分呢？所以作者喜欢樱桃的是在于它们的美味，故答案为C。
⑵B 细节理解。根据第三段中If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will protect them turning brown。所以在香蕉上挤一点柠檬汁是为了不让香蕉变色。故答案为B。
⑶D 词义猜测。A.甜点；B .饮料；C.容器；D.机器。句意：如果你有……，你可以只把冰冻香蕉和一些浆果或切片的水果喂进去，出来的一道软冰淇淋甜点，可以立马吃起来。所以可以推断juicer应该是“榨汁机”，另外根据最后一句中的“the machine”可知答案为D。
⑷B 推理判断。本题询问文章的出处：A. 生物教科书；B.健康杂志；C. 研究论文；D. 旅行手册。通读文章可知本文介绍浆果和核果给人体健康提供的营养，所以属于健康杂志刊载的文章。故答案为B。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
四、语言知识运用
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country　26． 　（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over　27． 　past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is　28． 　(actual) behind the change. An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise. The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice　29． 　(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water　30． 　rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased　31． 　(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total　32． 　(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 　33． 　 (start) a soil-testing program 　34． 　 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 　35． 　 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】26．has grown；27．the；28．actually；29．to improve；30．than；31．pollution；32．global；33．started；34．that/which；35．feeding
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文谈论中国人们饮食的变化，其根本原因是政府引导人们多种植玉米来减少因种植水稻时使用化肥而对水质产生的污染
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。
26．has grown.考查谓语动词的时态。由句中的时间状语since 2011可知用现在完成时，主语the country是单数，故答案为has grown。
27．the 考查冠词的用法。句意：在过去的25年，玉米的产量增长了差不多125%，而水稻只增长了7%。短语：in the past …years在过去的…年，故答案为the。
28．actually 考查形容词副词的转换。句意：对肉的喜爱实际上是变化背后的原因。此处修饰动词，所以将形容词actual变为副词，故答案为actually。
29．to improve 考查不定式作目的状语。句意：政府鼓励农民种玉米而不中水稻，是为了改善水质。此处作目的状语，故答案为to improve。
30．than考查连词的使用。句意：玉米的用水比水稻要少，并且产生化肥的径流量要少。由句意结合比较级less可知此处构成前后比较的关系，故答案为than。
31．pollution 考查词性转化。句意：这种转换减少了国家的一些主要湖泊里的污染。此处是及物动词decrease的宾语，所以用名词，故答案为pollution。
32．global 考查词性转换。句意：根据世界银行统计，中国占全球化肥消耗的30%。此处修饰名词fertilizer consumption，所以用形容词，故答案为global，全球的。
33．started 考查时态。句意：在2005年，政府发起了一个土壤检测活动，这向农民推荐了具体的化肥的使用。此处是从句中的谓语，when指先行词2005，所以用一般过去时，故答案为started。
34．that/which 考查定语从句关系词的选择。此处指代先行词a soil-testing program，并且在从句中作主语，故答案为that或which。
35．feeding 考查非谓语动词。while是连词，后跟动词-ing作伴随状语，故答案为feeding。
36．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd （1） seen him. So imagine my （2） when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was （3） ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to （4） . The bay was （5） in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little （6） .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in （7） . "Something's not （8） !" I took off my T-shirt and （9） into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was （10） violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped （11） the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something （12） to me. Those brown eyes were very （13） . "What's his name " I asked the instructor. "Ben," he replied, and immediately I （14） . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance. （15） , after a brief stay in hospital. Ben was well enough to be allowed to （16） and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben （17） to me. "I'm just want to say thank you," he said, "You （18） my life!"
I still can't believe what a （19） it was. I'm just so glad I was there （20） to help my son.
（1）A．also B．often C．even D．last
（2）A．delight B．relief C．anger D．worry
（3）A．scared B．shocked C．thrilled D．ashamed
（4）A．talk B．stay C．meet D．settle
（5）A．bathed B．clean C．deep D．settle
（6）A．faster B．closer C．heavier D．wiser
（7）A．trouble B．advance C．question D．battle
（8）A．real B．right C．fair D．fit
（9）A．stared B．sank C．dived D．fell
（10）A．arguing B．fighting C．shouting D．shaking
（11）A．lead B．persuade C．carry D．keep
（12）A．happened B．occurred C．applied D．appealed
（13）A．sharp B．pleasant C．attractive D．familiar
（14）A．agreed B．hesitated C．doubted D．knew
（15）A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Sadly D．Suddenly
（16）A．return B．relax C．speak D．leave
（17）A．joked B．turned C．listened D．pointed
（18）A．created B．honored C．saved D．guided
（19）A．coincidence B．change C．pity D．pain
（20）A．on board B．in time C．for sure D．on purpose
【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）D；（15）A；（16）D；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者在去与失联多年的儿子见面的时候发现有人溺水，出于本能，他下去救了溺水的人，缺发现正是自己的儿子，作者为这样的巧合感到惊讶不已。
⑴句意：两周前，我的儿子本联系上了。他三岁的时候随他妈妈搬到了英国，自从我最后一次见到他已经有13年了。A.also也； B. often经常； C. even甚至； D. last最后。根据句意，故答案为D。
⑵句意：所以可以想象当他给我发电邮说想来看我时我是多么的高兴。A. delight高兴； B. relief解脱；减轻 C. anger气愤；D. worry担心。根据常识可知将要见到失散多年的儿子当然高兴，故答案为A。
⑶句意：我很激动。我早早地就到了拜伦湾。A. scared害怕的；B. shocked震惊的； C. thrilled激动的； D. ashamed害羞的。根据上文可知作者很激动， 故答案为C。
⑷句意：我很早就到了我们应该见面的地点——拜伦湾。A. talk谈话； B. stay停留； C. meet会面； D. settle解决；定居。根据上文可知作者要在拜伦湾与儿子见面， 故答案为C。
⑸句意：海湾沐浴在阳光下，在离岸边150米的地方有一群划着皮划艇的人。A. bathe沐浴，洗澡； B. clean打扫； C. deep深的； D. form形成。由介词短语in the sunshine可知此处是情景描写，“沐浴在阳光中，” 故答案为A。
⑹句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. faster更快； B. closer更近； C. heavier更重； D. wiser更明智的；由下文可知“靠近了才发现出事了。” 故答案为B。
⑺句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. in trouble有麻烦； B. in advance提前； C. in question有疑问；在考虑中的； D. in battle在战斗中。根据下文有人溺水可知皮划艇出了麻烦，故答案为A。
⑻句意：情况不对。A. real真实的； B. right正确的；恰当的；C. fair公平的； D. fit合适的。 由上下文可知此处表示“情况不对头”，故答案为B。
⑼句意：我脱下衬衫，跳进水里。A. stare盯着；B. sink下沉； C. dive俯冲； D. fall掉落。此处描述作者下水救人，dive into water 跳入水中，故答案为C。
⑽句意：我看见有两个教练在船上，一个人横躺在中间，他正剧烈地颤抖着。A. argue争论； B. fight打架； C. shout喊叫； D. shake摇晃。根据下文对这个人的描述“He was unconscious……”可知，故答案为D。
⑾句意：和其中一个教练的胳膊挽在一起，我帮忙把那个年轻人抬出水面。A. lead领导； B. persuade说服； C. carry搬运； D. keep保持。根据句意，故答案为C。
⑿句意：他没有意识，当我看他的脸时，我突然想到了什么。A. happen发生；B. occur发生，sth occur to sb某人突然想到某事； C. apply应用；申请；D. appeal呼吁；请求。根据空格后的介词to，结合句意，故答案为B。
⒀句意：那棕色的眼睛是非常熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的； B. pleasant令人愉快的； C. attractive吸引人的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文语境，故答案为D。
⒁句意：“他叫什么名字，”我问其中的一个教练。“本，”他回答道。很快，我知道了，那个陌生人就是我的儿子。A.agree同意；答应； B. hesitate犹豫； C. doubt怀疑； D. know知道。根据句意，故答案为D。
⒂句意：教练叫来了救护车，幸运地是，在医院短暂的停留之后，本复原可以出院了。A. fortunately幸运地是； B. frankly坦率地说； C. sadly令人伤心地； D. suddenly突然。根据下文可知本安然无恙，所以很“幸运”，故答案为A。
⒃句意：本好了，被允许离开，后来一家人团聚在一起吃饭。A. return返回； B. relax放松；C. speak讲话；D. 离开。结合前文的in hospital住院，身体足够好了，当然可以出院了，故答案为D。
⒄句意：我们聊了很多，然后本对我说：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. joke开玩笑； B. turn to sb转向某人； C. listen听；D. point指着。根据语境可知他“转身对我说”，故答案为B。
⒅句意：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. create创造； B. honor 给……以荣誉；C. save救； D. guide引导。根据上文可知作者“救”了儿子， 故答案为C。
⒆句意：我仍然无法相信那是多么巧的一个巧合。A. coincidence巧合；B. change变化； C. pity 遗憾；D. pain痛。根据句意可知作者感叹这个巧合，故答案为A。
⒇句意：我很高兴我及时到那儿救了我儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure确信；肯定；D. on purpose故意地。根据句意，故答案为B。
【点评】这是一篇记叙文，通过对作者讲述的故事的理解来考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
五、短文改错
37．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的一下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：⒈每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
⒉只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was little, Friday's night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【答案】①Friday's night的Friday's改为Friday;
②of all sort的sort改为sorts;
③As the kid的the 改为a;
④asked to watching them的watching改为watch;
⑤my parents would not to let me的to去掉；
⑥They would say to us的us改为me;
⑦Still I unwilling to play the games的unwilling前加was;
⑧play the games for them的for改为with;
⑨I didn't realize how right my parents are的are改为were;
⑩where I was a child的where改为when.
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文讲述作者小时候想看动画片，但是却被父母逼着做游戏，长大后才知道父母的良苦用心。
①考查名词所有格。在表达某一天的上午下午晚上时用普通格不用所有格，故答案为Friday's 改为Friday。
②考查名词的数。sort种类，是可数名词，同kind。all sorts of各种各样的。故答案为sort改为sorts。
③考查冠词的用法。句意：作为一个小孩，我喜欢看动画片。此处表示泛指，as a kid，故答案为the改为a。
④考查动词不定式。句意：但是不管有多少次我请求看（动画片），我的父母都不让我看。ask to do sth请求做某事。故答案为watching改为watch。
⑤考查过去将来时的结构。would是情态动词，后跟动词原形，故答案为去掉to。
⑥考查代词和句意。根据上下文可知是父母对“我”说，故答案为us改为me。
⑦考查动词的句法结构。此处unwilling是形容词，需要加上be动词才能构成谓语部分，根据上下文的时态可知此处是一般过去时，be动词用was，故答案为unwilling前加was。
⑧考查介词的用法。短语play sth with sb和某人玩……，故答案为for改为with。
⑨考查动词的时态。由本句中entered的时态可知用一般过去时，故答案为are改为were。
⑩考查连词辨析。句意：我小时候父母教给我的结果在后来的生活中是非常有用的。where表示地点，而本句指作者“小时候”，故答案为where改为when。
【点评】本题考查对语法的综合运用能力，需要在充分理解短文的基础上对文章的逻辑关系、词法、句法，上下文等方面进行综合的判断，发现并改正错误。要具备完善的语法基础知识才能正确的改正错误。
六、书面表达
38．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）你受学生会委托为校宣传"英语天地"写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短文Growing Together，内容包括：
⒈短片内容：学校的发展；
⒉放映时间、地点；
⒊欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：
⒈词数100词左右；
⒉可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. Welcome to join us end enjoy it! Here are some relevant details about it.
To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing together, which is about the development of our beloved school; as a result, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, it will be in the library from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. What's more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.
Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作，根据要求写一则通知，在写作时应注意要点全面，内容包括英文短篇的标题，内容放映时间，地点，并欢迎对短篇提出意见。表达时注意使用一般将来时态，注意尽量使用多样的语法结构；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
【点评】通知类写作需要注意整体格式，开头和结尾的固定模式。在表达要点时采用多样的语法结构，如倒装句、定语从句、名词性从句、动名词、分词作状语等。通过大量作状语的单词、短语甚至从句的前置是文章更加连贯，表达清楚。
1 / 12018年高考英语真题试卷（全国卷Ⅱ）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读遍。
1．（2018·）What does John find difficult in learning German
A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar.
2．（2018·）What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues. B．Brother and sister. C．Teacher and student.
3．（2018·）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a bank. B．At a ticket office. C．On a train.
4．（2018·）What are the speakers talking about
A．A restaurant. B．A street. C．A dish.
5．（2018·）What does the woman think of her interview
A．It was tough. B．It was interesting. C．It was successful.
二、听下面5短对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第6段材料，回答两小题。
6．When will Judy go to the party
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday.
7．What will Max do next
A．Fly a kite. B．Read a magazine. C．Do his homework.
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第7段材料，回答两小题。
8．What does the man suggest doing at first
A．Go to a concert.
B．Watching a movie.
C．Playing a computer games.
9．What do the speakers decide to do
A．Visit Mike. B．Go boating. C．Talk a walk.
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第8段材料，回答三小题。
10．Which color do cats see better than humans
A．Red. B．Green. C．Blue.
11．Why do cats bring dead birds home
A．To eat them in a safe place.
B．To show off their hunting skills.
C．To make their owners happy.
12．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation
A．Grateful. B．Humorous. C．Curious.
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第9段材料，回答四小题。
13．Who is Macy
A．Ed's mother. B．Ed's teacher. C．Ed's friend.
14．How does Ed usually go to kindergarten
A．By car. B．On foot. C．By bus.
15．What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten
A．Telling stories B．Singing songs C．Playing with others
16．What do the teachers say about Ed
A．He's clever. B．He's quiet. C．He's brave.
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）听第10段材料，回答四小题。
17．At what age did Emily start learning ballet
A．Five. B．Six. C．Nine.
18．Why did Emily move to Toronto
A．To work for a dance school.
B．To perform at a dance theater.
C．To learn contemporary dance.
19．Why did Emily quit dancing
A．She was too old to dance.
B．She failed to get a scholarship.
C．She lost interest in it.
20．How does Emily feel about stopping training
A．She's pleased. B．She's regretful. C．She's upset
三、阅读理解
21．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Activities
Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices.
Activity Description Member of staff Cost
Outdoor Adveature (OUT) Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoot. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment. Mr. Clemens 140
WWI Battlefields and Paris (WBP) On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Mrs. Milson 425
Crafty Foxes (CRF) Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations... Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles. Mrs. Goode 30
Potty about Potter (POT) Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford's Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter. Miss Drake 150
（1）Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping
A．OUT. B．WBP. C．CRF. D．POT.
（2）What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson
A．Travel to London. B．See a parade and fireworks.
C．Tour Central Paris. D．Visit the WWI battleficlds.
（3）How long does Potty about Potter last
A．Two days B．Four days C．Five days D．One week
22．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.　 　 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.　 　
●Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start.　 　 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
●　 　 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
●　 　 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food. D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
23．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
D
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A．Addiction to smartphones.
B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C．Absence of communication between strangers.
D．Impatience with slow service.
（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A．Showing good manners. B．Relating to other people.
C．Focusing on a topic. D．Making business deals.
（3）What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A．It improves family relationships.
B．It raises people's confidence.
C．It matters as much as a formal talk.
D．It makes people feel good.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A．Conversation Counts B．Ways of Making Small Talk
C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Uncomfortable Silence
24．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children's lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report's key findings, "the proportion (比例) who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages2-8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议)parenst looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近)ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.
（1）What is the Common Sense Media report probably about
A．Children's reading habits. B．Quality of children's books.
C．Children's after-class activities. D．Parent-child relationships.
（2）Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"
A．In paragraph 2. B．In paragraph 3.
C．In paragraph 4. D．In paragraph 5.
（3）Why do many parents limit electronic reading
A．E-books are of poor quality. B．It could be waste of time.
C．It may harm children's health. D．E-readers are expensive.
（4）How should parents encourage their children to read more
A．Act as role models for them.
B．Ask then to write book reports.
C．Set up reading groups for them.
D．Talk with their reading class teachers.
25．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares However, they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream". For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a "soft-serve" creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
（1）What does the author seem to like about cherries
A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A
C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants.
（2）Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas
A．To make them smell better. B．To keep their colour.
C．To speed up their ripening. D．To improve their nutrition.
（3）What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph
A．A dessert. B．A drink. C．A container. D．A machine.
（4）From which is the text probably taken
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.
四、语言知识运用
（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country　26． 　（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over　27． 　past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is　28． 　(actual) behind the change. An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise. The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice　29． 　(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water　30． 　rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased　31． 　(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total　32． 　(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 　33． 　 (start) a soil-testing program 　34． 　 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 　35． 　 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
36．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd （1） seen him. So imagine my （2） when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was （3） ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to （4） . The bay was （5） in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little （6） .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in （7） . "Something's not （8） !" I took off my T-shirt and （9） into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was （10） violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped （11） the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something （12） to me. Those brown eyes were very （13） . "What's his name " I asked the instructor. "Ben," he replied, and immediately I （14） . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance. （15） , after a brief stay in hospital. Ben was well enough to be allowed to （16） and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben （17） to me. "I'm just want to say thank you," he said, "You （18） my life!"
I still can't believe what a （19） it was. I'm just so glad I was there （20） to help my son.
（1）A．also B．often C．even D．last
（2）A．delight B．relief C．anger D．worry
（3）A．scared B．shocked C．thrilled D．ashamed
（4）A．talk B．stay C．meet D．settle
（5）A．bathed B．clean C．deep D．settle
（6）A．faster B．closer C．heavier D．wiser
（7）A．trouble B．advance C．question D．battle
（8）A．real B．right C．fair D．fit
（9）A．stared B．sank C．dived D．fell
（10）A．arguing B．fighting C．shouting D．shaking
（11）A．lead B．persuade C．carry D．keep
（12）A．happened B．occurred C．applied D．appealed
（13）A．sharp B．pleasant C．attractive D．familiar
（14）A．agreed B．hesitated C．doubted D．knew
（15）A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Sadly D．Suddenly
（16）A．return B．relax C．speak D．leave
（17）A．joked B．turned C．listened D．pointed
（18）A．created B．honored C．saved D．guided
（19）A．coincidence B．change C．pity D．pain
（20）A．on board B．in time C．for sure D．on purpose
五、短文改错
37．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的一下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：⒈每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
⒉只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was little, Friday's night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
六、书面表达
38．（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）你受学生会委托为校宣传"英语天地"写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短文Growing Together，内容包括：
⒈短片内容：学校的发展；
⒉放映时间、地点；
⒊欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：
⒈词数100词左右；
⒉可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: So, how is your German class going, John
M: Well, not bad. The pronunciation is fine with me. And its vocabulary is similar to English, but I'm finding the grammar awful.
W: Well, it takes a while to get it right.
【分析】问题： John 觉得学德语有什么困难？根据“but I'm finding the grammar awful”但我觉得语法很糟糕。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I hope you can come to the party on Saturday.
M: I didn't know I was invited.
W: Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.
【分析】问题：谈话人之间可能的关系是什么？根据“I didn't know I was invited.”我不知道我被邀请了；以及“Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.”你肯定被邀请了。我们办公室的每个人都受到邀请。可知他们是同事，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: May I help you
M: Yes. When is the next train to London
W: Oh, let me check. It leaves in twenty minutes.
M: One ticket, please.
【分析】问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“When is the next train to London ”下一班去伦敦的火车是什么时候？；“Oh, let me check. It leaves in twenty minutes.”哦，让我查一下。二十分钟后离开；以及“One ticket, please.”买一张票。可知他们在售票厅，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Charlie, do you know a restaurant called Bravo
M: Bravo…I know the name, but I'm not sure where it is.
W: It's on George Street. The food there is excellent.
【分析】问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据“Charlie, do you know a restaurant called Bravo ”查理，你知道一家叫Bravo的餐厅吗？故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Brian, I just had an interview. They said they would make a decision soon.
M: What are your chances of getting the job
W: Quite good. I think the interview went very well.
【分析】问题：这位女士对她的面试有什么看法？根据“ I think the interview went very well.”我认为面试进行得很顺利。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
【答案】6．B
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's go kite flying, Judy. It's such a lovely day.
W: Okay, but let me finish my chemistry homework first. Would you mind waiting for half an hour, Max There are a few sports magazines on the table.
M: Isn't the chemistry homework due next Wednesday
W: Yeah, but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on Tuesday.
M: All right, then. You go ahead, and I'll catch up on some sports news while waiting.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题： Judy 什么时候去参加聚会？根据“but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on Tuesday.”但我星期一有一整天的课，星期二有一个生日派对要参加。故选B。
7．问题： Max 接下来会做什么？根据“Would you mind waiting for half an hour, Max There are a few sports magazines on the table.”Max，你介意等半个小时吗？桌子上有几本体育杂志；以及“You go ahead, and I'll catch up on some sports news while waiting.”你继续吧，我等着的时候看看体育新闻。故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: We've been on the computer all the time lately. Why don't we do something different Sunday afternoon
M: Well, we could go to a concert.
W: But I don't think we can get the tickets this late.
M: Then what about playing a computer game There's a really cool new one we could download.
W: Hmm. I don't know. I feel like I need to do some exercise. We could probably just walk by the lake. And I'll ask Mike to join us.
M: That sounds like fun. Let's do it!
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：男士一开始建议做什么？根据“we could go to a concert.”我们可以去听音乐会。故选A。
9．问题：谈话人决定做什么？根据“I feel like I need to do some exercise. We could probably just walk by the lake. And I'll ask Mike to join us.”我觉得我需要做些运动。我们可以在湖边散步。我会请Mike加入我们；以及“That sounds like fun. Let's do it!”听起来很有趣。让我们做吧！故选C。
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Welcome to our program, Doctor Peterson. Let's see what questions we've got for you today. Here is one: Can cats see color
M: Sort of. In the wild, Many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low light. Your cat can't see bright colors such as red and green, but it picks up more shades of blue, yellow, and gray than humans do.
W: And why do cats give dead birds to their owners
M: When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet, she isn't bringing you a present. Most cats just drag food home because it's a safe place to eat. A cat's mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice hunting. So a female cat without children may bring these "treats" to her owner instead. You may not like them, but at least you don't have to write her a thank-you note.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：猫比人类看哪种颜色更好？根据“Your cat can't see bright colors such as red and green, but it picks up more shades of blue, yellow, and gray than humans do.”你的猫看不到鲜艳的颜色，比如红色和绿色，但它比人类更喜欢蓝色、黄色和灰色。故选C。
11．问题：为什么猫会把死鸟带回家？根据“Most cats just drag food home because it's a safe place to eat. ”大多数猫只是把食物拖回家，因为这是一个安全的地方。故选A。
12．问题：谈话结束时，男士听起来如何？根据“You may not like them, but at least you don't have to write her a thank-you note.”你可能不喜欢它们，但至少你不必给她写感谢信。故选B。
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten, Jack
M: Oh, he's doing fairly well. It's been three weeks since he first started going. So Macy and I are pretty used to it now. You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day, though.
W:I think that's a normal reaction for mothers. You live quite close to the kindergarten, don't you How does he get there
M: Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad. When it rains, they'll drive.
W: And is Ed enjoying kindergarten
M: Yeah, he loves to have other kids to play with. He keeps telling us things they do together.
W: What do the teachers at the kindergarten say about him
M: They said he is bright and that he's starting to learn how to tell time.
W: Isn't that fantastic
M: That is fantastic. It sounds like everything goes well.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
13．问题： Macy 是谁？根据“So Macy and I are pretty used to it now. You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day, though.”所以Macy 和我现在已经很习惯了。不过，当Ed第一天就要出发时，你应该看到Macy哭了；以及“I think that's a normal reaction for mothers. ”我认为这是母亲的正常反应。故选A。
14．问题： Ed 通常是怎么上幼儿园的？根据“Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad.”除非天气不好，否则Macy每天早上都和他一起去那里。故选B。
15．问题： Ed 喜欢在幼儿园做什么？根据“he loves to have other kids to play with.”他喜欢和其他孩子一起玩。故选C。
16．问题：老师们怎么评价 Ed ？根据“They said he is bright ”他们说他很聪明，故选A。
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．C
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】W: My name is Emily. I had been a dancer for quite a long time. I started studying ballet when I was six years old. By the time I was nine, I was dancing five days a week. When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally. So I applied successfully for the training program at the school of Toronto Dance Theatre, and moved to Toronto to attend the program. That was the period of time I enjoyed most in Toronto. I graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten years. But after all those years, I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joy. I found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances, so I quit. I do miss dance often, but it makes me happy to think that I'll never have to go to another training session again.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题： Emily 几岁开始学芭蕾舞？根据“I started studying ballet when I was six years old. ”我六岁时开始学习芭蕾舞。故选B。
18．问题：Emily 为什么搬到多伦多？根据“When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally. So I applied successfully for the training program at the school of Toronto Dance Theatre, and moved to Toronto to attend the program.”当我十八岁的时候，我决定我真的更喜欢当代舞，并且我想以专业的方式去做。因此，我成功地申请了多伦多舞蹈剧院学校的培训课程，并搬到多伦多参加了该课程。故选C。
19．问题：Emily 为什么不跳舞了？根据“But after all those years, I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joy. I found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances, so I quit.”但经过这么多年，我发现舞蹈逐渐成为一种负担，而不是一种快乐。我发现自己越来越不愿意拖着自己去参加舞蹈表演，所以我退出了。故选C。
20．问题： Emily 对停止训练有何感想？根据“I do miss dance often, but it makes me happy to think that I'll never have to go to another training session again.”我确实经常想念舞蹈，但想到我再也不用参加另一场训练课，这让我很高兴。故选A。
21．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了4个适合学生的夏季活动。
⑴A 细节理解题 根据第一个活动介绍中的第二句You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor 可知选A。
⑵D 细节理解题 根据关键词Mrs.Wilson定位答案在第二个活动介绍文段中，根据本段第一句On Monday we..., we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields.可知答案为D
⑶A 细节理解。 最后一段第一句Visit Warner Bros Stidio, shop stop to buy pinic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel...中的关键词overnoght可知Potty about Potter活动持续2天时间，故答案为A
【点评】本文属于应用文阅读，此类文章重在考查对细节信息的查找和分析，答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息，与选项进行比对，答案就显而易见了。
22．【答案】G；E；F；B；A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍晨练的诸多好处：提高工作效率、促进新陈代谢、增加睡眠质量。建议我们早上积极参加锻炼，从而换了精力充沛的一天。
⑴G 根据第一句：“如果你已经在找时间锻炼，确实不错！生活这么繁忙，找时间锻炼确实不易”，选项G“如果你正计划经常锻炼，或正在这样做，那么听我说。”与前一句的句式完全相符，而且与上下文构介绍晨练的益处成承上启下的衔接，故答案为G。
⑵E 根据前一句“Exercising makes you more awake”与选项E中“keep your head clear”一致，锻炼后能让大脑保持4-10个小时的清醒，从而提高工作效率。故答案为E。
⑶F 后一句中提到getting the calories burning benefits与选项F中的continue to burn calories呼应，早上锻炼帮助燃烧卡路里，促进新陈代谢，并且在之后的一整天时间里卡路里持续燃烧。故答案为F。
⑷B 这是本段的主题句。根据段意：研究发现，早起锻炼的人在晚上睡眠更好。所以，睡眠质量提高，故答案为B。
⑸A 此处是本段的主旨句。根据下文：“如果你清晨锻炼，你更有可能坚持健康饮食的选择。”所以A（你会坚持你的饮食习惯）符合语境，故答案为A。
【点评】本题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。
23．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，主要谈论闲聊带来的好处。
⑴C 推理判断。通读第一段可知，在电梯里、银行排队时、飞机上，人们都专注于自己的手机，忍受着令人不舒服的沉默。结合下文谈论闲聊的好处，所以本段主要描述陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象。故答案为C。
⑵B 细节理解。根据关键词“Carducci”可以定位答案在第三段末“Almost every great……with them”，理解句意：几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一宗大生意都开始于闲聊。闲聊成功的关键是学会如何与别人联系，不只是与他们交流。句中的connect with sb与relate to sb同义，都是“与某人联系”的意思，故答案为B。
⑶D 细节理解。根据题目中的the coffee shop study可知答案在倒数第二段，由The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feeling and better coffee shop experience可知在咖啡馆与服务人员闲聊不仅可以获得更积极的情感，而且还有更好的咖啡店的体验，所以答案为D。
⑷C 主旨大意。通读全文可知本文在开头描述人们之间没有交流带来的尴尬气氛，然后提出论点“闲聊是带来很大的好处宝贵的社交实践”，然后通过名人的言论和实验证明闲聊会让人感觉更好，而且会创造出伟大的爱情故事甚至大宗的生意，所以本文论述闲聊带来的诸多好处，“它是礼貌的基础”。故答案为C。
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
24．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文属于社科类说明文，是一篇调查报告，调查发现青少年阅读量增多但为快乐而读的却在减少。
⑴A主旨大意题 本文是一篇关于青少年阅读情况的调查报告， 由第一段第二段就可知 主旨大意是关于孩子的阅读习惯，故答案为A。
⑵B细节理解题 根据第三段句子The proportion who says they ‘ hardly ever 'read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today可知答案为B。
⑶C 推理题 根据倒数第三段最后一句It does point out that...,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.知父母限制孩子电子阅读是因为电子阅读时间长了会对孩子健康有害，故答案为C。
⑷A细节理解 文中倒数第二段 第一句The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their children when it comes to reading 及最后一句Data shows that kids and teens..., parents who read more often可知父母鼓励孩子多阅读应该自己多读书，为孩子树立榜样，以行的方式带动孩子阅读，故答案为A。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读调查报告时首先要弄清楚首段一般为文章主旨大意，说明调查的结论，然后对所得结论进行例证分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
25．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇自然科学类说明文，介绍浆果和核果为人们的身体健康提供的各种营养物质。
⑴C 细节推理。 根据第二段中As for cherries，they are so delicious who cares？可知作者说樱桃很好吃，谁又在乎他们的营养成分呢？所以作者喜欢樱桃的是在于它们的美味，故答案为C。
⑵B 细节理解。根据第三段中If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will protect them turning brown。所以在香蕉上挤一点柠檬汁是为了不让香蕉变色。故答案为B。
⑶D 词义猜测。A.甜点；B .饮料；C.容器；D.机器。句意：如果你有……，你可以只把冰冻香蕉和一些浆果或切片的水果喂进去，出来的一道软冰淇淋甜点，可以立马吃起来。所以可以推断juicer应该是“榨汁机”，另外根据最后一句中的“the machine”可知答案为D。
⑷B 推理判断。本题询问文章的出处：A. 生物教科书；B.健康杂志；C. 研究论文；D. 旅行手册。通读文章可知本文介绍浆果和核果给人体健康提供的营养，所以属于健康杂志刊载的文章。故答案为B。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
【答案】26．has grown；27．the；28．actually；29．to improve；30．than；31．pollution；32．global；33．started；34．that/which；35．feeding
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文谈论中国人们饮食的变化，其根本原因是政府引导人们多种植玉米来减少因种植水稻时使用化肥而对水质产生的污染
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。
26．has grown.考查谓语动词的时态。由句中的时间状语since 2011可知用现在完成时，主语the country是单数，故答案为has grown。
27．the 考查冠词的用法。句意：在过去的25年，玉米的产量增长了差不多125%，而水稻只增长了7%。短语：in the past …years在过去的…年，故答案为the。
28．actually 考查形容词副词的转换。句意：对肉的喜爱实际上是变化背后的原因。此处修饰动词，所以将形容词actual变为副词，故答案为actually。
29．to improve 考查不定式作目的状语。句意：政府鼓励农民种玉米而不中水稻，是为了改善水质。此处作目的状语，故答案为to improve。
30．than考查连词的使用。句意：玉米的用水比水稻要少，并且产生化肥的径流量要少。由句意结合比较级less可知此处构成前后比较的关系，故答案为than。
31．pollution 考查词性转化。句意：这种转换减少了国家的一些主要湖泊里的污染。此处是及物动词decrease的宾语，所以用名词，故答案为pollution。
32．global 考查词性转换。句意：根据世界银行统计，中国占全球化肥消耗的30%。此处修饰名词fertilizer consumption，所以用形容词，故答案为global，全球的。
33．started 考查时态。句意：在2005年，政府发起了一个土壤检测活动，这向农民推荐了具体的化肥的使用。此处是从句中的谓语，when指先行词2005，所以用一般过去时，故答案为started。
34．that/which 考查定语从句关系词的选择。此处指代先行词a soil-testing program，并且在从句中作主语，故答案为that或which。
35．feeding 考查非谓语动词。while是连词，后跟动词-ing作伴随状语，故答案为feeding。
36．【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）D；（15）A；（16）D；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者在去与失联多年的儿子见面的时候发现有人溺水，出于本能，他下去救了溺水的人，缺发现正是自己的儿子，作者为这样的巧合感到惊讶不已。
⑴句意：两周前，我的儿子本联系上了。他三岁的时候随他妈妈搬到了英国，自从我最后一次见到他已经有13年了。A.also也； B. often经常； C. even甚至； D. last最后。根据句意，故答案为D。
⑵句意：所以可以想象当他给我发电邮说想来看我时我是多么的高兴。A. delight高兴； B. relief解脱；减轻 C. anger气愤；D. worry担心。根据常识可知将要见到失散多年的儿子当然高兴，故答案为A。
⑶句意：我很激动。我早早地就到了拜伦湾。A. scared害怕的；B. shocked震惊的； C. thrilled激动的； D. ashamed害羞的。根据上文可知作者很激动， 故答案为C。
⑷句意：我很早就到了我们应该见面的地点——拜伦湾。A. talk谈话； B. stay停留； C. meet会面； D. settle解决；定居。根据上文可知作者要在拜伦湾与儿子见面， 故答案为C。
⑸句意：海湾沐浴在阳光下，在离岸边150米的地方有一群划着皮划艇的人。A. bathe沐浴，洗澡； B. clean打扫； C. deep深的； D. form形成。由介词短语in the sunshine可知此处是情景描写，“沐浴在阳光中，” 故答案为A。
⑹句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. faster更快； B. closer更近； C. heavier更重； D. wiser更明智的；由下文可知“靠近了才发现出事了。” 故答案为B。
⑺句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. in trouble有麻烦； B. in advance提前； C. in question有疑问；在考虑中的； D. in battle在战斗中。根据下文有人溺水可知皮划艇出了麻烦，故答案为A。
⑻句意：情况不对。A. real真实的； B. right正确的；恰当的；C. fair公平的； D. fit合适的。 由上下文可知此处表示“情况不对头”，故答案为B。
⑼句意：我脱下衬衫，跳进水里。A. stare盯着；B. sink下沉； C. dive俯冲； D. fall掉落。此处描述作者下水救人，dive into water 跳入水中，故答案为C。
⑽句意：我看见有两个教练在船上，一个人横躺在中间，他正剧烈地颤抖着。A. argue争论； B. fight打架； C. shout喊叫； D. shake摇晃。根据下文对这个人的描述“He was unconscious……”可知，故答案为D。
⑾句意：和其中一个教练的胳膊挽在一起，我帮忙把那个年轻人抬出水面。A. lead领导； B. persuade说服； C. carry搬运； D. keep保持。根据句意，故答案为C。
⑿句意：他没有意识，当我看他的脸时，我突然想到了什么。A. happen发生；B. occur发生，sth occur to sb某人突然想到某事； C. apply应用；申请；D. appeal呼吁；请求。根据空格后的介词to，结合句意，故答案为B。
⒀句意：那棕色的眼睛是非常熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的； B. pleasant令人愉快的； C. attractive吸引人的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文语境，故答案为D。
⒁句意：“他叫什么名字，”我问其中的一个教练。“本，”他回答道。很快，我知道了，那个陌生人就是我的儿子。A.agree同意；答应； B. hesitate犹豫； C. doubt怀疑； D. know知道。根据句意，故答案为D。
⒂句意：教练叫来了救护车，幸运地是，在医院短暂的停留之后，本复原可以出院了。A. fortunately幸运地是； B. frankly坦率地说； C. sadly令人伤心地； D. suddenly突然。根据下文可知本安然无恙，所以很“幸运”，故答案为A。
⒃句意：本好了，被允许离开，后来一家人团聚在一起吃饭。A. return返回； B. relax放松；C. speak讲话；D. 离开。结合前文的in hospital住院，身体足够好了，当然可以出院了，故答案为D。
⒄句意：我们聊了很多，然后本对我说：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. joke开玩笑； B. turn to sb转向某人； C. listen听；D. point指着。根据语境可知他“转身对我说”，故答案为B。
⒅句意：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. create创造； B. honor 给……以荣誉；C. save救； D. guide引导。根据上文可知作者“救”了儿子， 故答案为C。
⒆句意：我仍然无法相信那是多么巧的一个巧合。A. coincidence巧合；B. change变化； C. pity 遗憾；D. pain痛。根据句意可知作者感叹这个巧合，故答案为A。
⒇句意：我很高兴我及时到那儿救了我儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure确信；肯定；D. on purpose故意地。根据句意，故答案为B。
【点评】这是一篇记叙文，通过对作者讲述的故事的理解来考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
37．【答案】①Friday's night的Friday's改为Friday;
②of all sort的sort改为sorts;
③As the kid的the 改为a;
④asked to watching them的watching改为watch;
⑤my parents would not to let me的to去掉；
⑥They would say to us的us改为me;
⑦Still I unwilling to play the games的unwilling前加was;
⑧play the games for them的for改为with;
⑨I didn't realize how right my parents are的are改为were;
⑩where I was a child的where改为when.
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文讲述作者小时候想看动画片，但是却被父母逼着做游戏，长大后才知道父母的良苦用心。
①考查名词所有格。在表达某一天的上午下午晚上时用普通格不用所有格，故答案为Friday's 改为Friday。
②考查名词的数。sort种类，是可数名词，同kind。all sorts of各种各样的。故答案为sort改为sorts。
③考查冠词的用法。句意：作为一个小孩，我喜欢看动画片。此处表示泛指，as a kid，故答案为the改为a。
④考查动词不定式。句意：但是不管有多少次我请求看（动画片），我的父母都不让我看。ask to do sth请求做某事。故答案为watching改为watch。
⑤考查过去将来时的结构。would是情态动词，后跟动词原形，故答案为去掉to。
⑥考查代词和句意。根据上下文可知是父母对“我”说，故答案为us改为me。
⑦考查动词的句法结构。此处unwilling是形容词，需要加上be动词才能构成谓语部分，根据上下文的时态可知此处是一般过去时，be动词用was，故答案为unwilling前加was。
⑧考查介词的用法。短语play sth with sb和某人玩……，故答案为for改为with。
⑨考查动词的时态。由本句中entered的时态可知用一般过去时，故答案为are改为were。
⑩考查连词辨析。句意：我小时候父母教给我的结果在后来的生活中是非常有用的。where表示地点，而本句指作者“小时候”，故答案为where改为when。
【点评】本题考查对语法的综合运用能力，需要在充分理解短文的基础上对文章的逻辑关系、词法、句法，上下文等方面进行综合的判断，发现并改正错误。要具备完善的语法基础知识才能正确的改正错误。
38．【答案】Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. Welcome to join us end enjoy it! Here are some relevant details about it.
To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing together, which is about the development of our beloved school; as a result, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, it will be in the library from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. What's more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.
Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作，根据要求写一则通知，在写作时应注意要点全面，内容包括英文短篇的标题，内容放映时间，地点，并欢迎对短篇提出意见。表达时注意使用一般将来时态，注意尽量使用多样的语法结构；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
【点评】通知类写作需要注意整体格式，开头和结尾的固定模式。在表达要点时采用多样的语法结构，如倒装句、定语从句、名词性从句、动名词、分词作状语等。通过大量作状语的单词、短语甚至从句的前置是文章更加连贯，表达清楚。
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