Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? 语法精析精练+答案 （暑假预习通用）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
七上Unit
5语法精析精练
语法精析
(一)动词have/has的用法
1.谓语动词have用于一般现在时有两种形式,即have和has。have用于第一人称(I,we),第二人称(you),以及第三人称复数(they或其他复数名词等);has用于第三人称单数(he,she
,it)或单数名词。如
I
have
an
orange..我有一个橘
You
have
a
new
teacher..你们有一位新老师。
They
have
some
nice
coats..他们有些漂亮的外套
Tom
has
a
Chinese
friend..汤姆有一位中国朋友。
The
school
has
twelve
grades..这所学校有十二个年级
have/has的否定句,一般要加助动词do或does再加not构成,即:don'
t
have/
doesn't
have.。注意
doesn't)后has要变成原形动词have。如:
My
sister
doesn’t
t
have
a
watch..我的妹妹没有手表。
The
students
don't
have
any
new
books.这些学生没有新书。
3.have/has的一般疑问句,常在句首加助动词do或does,句尾用问号构成。除第三人称单数前用does外,其他都用do。第三人称前加does后,句中的谓语动词has应改为have。回答时,肯定用“Yes,主语+do/does”;否定用“No,主语+don't
doesn't'。如:
-Do
you
have
a
pen
like
this??你有这样的钢笔吗?
Yes,Ido.,I
don't.是的,有。不,没
Does
he
have
a
car??他有汽车吗?
Yes,
he
does..,
he
doesn't.是的,他有。/不,他没有。
4.另外,have/has作“有,拥有”时,其否定形式和疑问形式比较特殊,其否定形式也可以直接在动词have/has后面加上否
定词not,其疑问形式也可以把动词have/has置于句首。如
I
don't
have
any
Japanese
books..我没有日文书籍。
I
have
not
any
Japanese
books..我没有日文书籍。
He
doesn't
have
any
oranges.,他没有橘子。
He
has
not
any
oranges..他一个橘子也没有
5.在英语中,表示“有”的还有
there
be结构。There
be强调“存在”关系,表示“某处有某物或某人”“某处存在某物或某人”。其基本结构为“
There
be-+名词十介词短
语”。如:
There
is
a
book
on
the
desk..在桌子上有一本书。
Let开头的祈使句
动词let开头的祈使句,常用来表示说话人的建议、请求、命令等。祈使句都是以动词开头,省略了主语。Let's是
Let
us的缩写形式。us放在动词let后作宾语,所以用人称代词宾格。此句型为
Let
sb..
do
sth..“让某人做某事”,表示说话人的建议,对该
祈使句所表示的建议,肯定回答一般用“OK.”“
All
right..”"Yes
let's.”否定回答一般用“Sorry,l.”等,如Let'
sing
the
AB
song..我们来唱ABC歌吧。Sorry..
I
can't
sing
it..对不起,我不会唱拓展在向别人提建议时,除了使用ler's句型以外,我们还
可以使用下面这些语句:
(1)
Would
you
like
to
do
sth...?
Would
you
like
to
play
soccer
with
me?你想和我踢足球吗?
Yes,
I'd
like
to..是的,我愿意
Sorry,
I'm
busy..对不起,我很忙
(2)What
about
doing
sth...?.:
What
about
playing
chess??下棋怎么样?
That'
s
a
good
idea..好主意
I'm
sorry.,
I'm
busy..对不起,我很忙。
(3)
Shall
we..?如
Shall
we
go
shopping??我们去购物吧
That'
s
great..太好了
Sorry,,
I'm
busy..对不起,我很忙。
辨析let's与
let
us的基本用法都是“让我们……”,两者的用法如下:
(1)let's与
let
us都可以构成表达请求或建议的祈使句,两者后都接动词原形,不可接动词的其他形式
Let'
s
count
them!!让我们数数他们吧!
(2)let's是包括听话者在内。因此,其逻辑主语应该是“我们”,若构成反义疑问句时,则附加疑问句为
shall
we??
Let's
go,
shall
we??我们走吧,好吗?
(3)
let
us其逻辑主语应该是“you”,若构成反义疑问句时,则附加疑问句为
will
you??
Let
us
go
for
a
walk
after
supper,
will
you?让我们在晚饭后出去散步,好吗?
[拓展]
(1)祈使句表示请求、命令等语气。直接用动词原形没有主语,针对第二人称,句首或句尾可用
please表示客套语气也可以加上称呼语。
Come
here,.
please..请到这里来。
Please
listen
to
me..请听我讲话。
Let'
s
play
volleyball.我们去打排球吧。
(2)其中es.的祈使句常表示建议。
Let's
talk
about
the
picture..我们谈一谈这幅图吧。
(3)祈使句的否定形式一般在动词前加don't,含let's的祈使句是在let's后加not
Don'
t
be
late
again..别再迟到
Let'
s
not
go
there,.我们不去那里吧。
语法精练
1.单项选择。
(
)1.--Let's
play
baseball,
Do
you
have
a
baseball
bat?
--______________________.
A.
Sorry,
I
do
B.
Sorry,
I
don't
C.
Yes,
I
don't
D.
Yes,
I
can
(
)2.
-Let's
watch
TV.
--______________________.
A.
That's
sound
good
B.
That
sounds
well
C.
That's
sounds
well
D.
That
sounds
(
)3.He
_______a
long
ruler.
A.has
B.have
C.does
D.is
(
)4.
We
all
_______pens.
A.has
B.are
C.have
D.do
(
)5.Mr.
Green
_________two
children.
A.
doesn't
have
B.have
C.
doesn't
has
D.
don't
have
(
)6.
Mr.
Green
says,
"I
_______two
children.
A.
am
have
B.have
C.am
D.has
(
)7.
Let's
__________TV
together.
A.watching
B.
to
watch
C.watch
D.watches
(
)8.
Let
him
________
with
his
friends.
A.goes
B.
to
go
C.going
D.go
(
)9.
My
father
________many
computer
games.
A.have
B.has
C.
don't
like
(
)10.
Lily
and
Liz
________a
cat.
They
like
it
'very
much.
A.have
B.has
C.
there
is
D.
here
are
Ⅱ.句型转换。
1.
I
have
a
computer..(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
_______________________________a
computer?
_________,___________
__________.
2.
We
have
a
soccer
ball..(改为否定句)
We_______________________a
soccer
ball.
3.
Sue
has
a
small
sports
collection..(改为否定句)
Sue_________
__________a
small
sports
collection.
4.
Ann
has
a
brother..(改为一般疑问句)
________Ann_______a
brother?
Do
they
like
eggs??(作肯定回答)
_________,_________
________.
参考答案
语法精练
I.
1-5
BDACA
6-10
BCDBA
II.
1.
Do
you
have,
Yes,
I
do
2.
don't
have
3.
doesn't
have
4.Does,have
5.
Yes,
they
do
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