2019年高考英语真题试卷（全国Ⅲ卷）（含听力音频）

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2019年高考英语真题试卷（全国Ⅲ卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．In a classroom.
2．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）How does the woman feel now
A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Tired.
3．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）How much will the man pay
A．$520. B．$80. C．$100.
4．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）What does the man tell Jane to do
A．Postpone his appointment.
B．Meet Mr. Douglas.
C．Return at 3 o'clock.
5．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）Why would David quit his job
A．To go back to school.
B．To start his own firm.
C．To work for his friend.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man want the woman to do
A．Check the cupboard. B．Clean the balcony. C．Buy an umbrella.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
8．Where did the woman go at the weekend
A．The city centre. B．The forest park. C．The man's home.
9．How did the man spend his weekend
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
10．What will the woman do for the man
A．Take Henry to hospital.
B．Stay with his kid.
C．Look after his pet.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
11．What is Mr. Stone doing now
A．Eating lunch. B．Having a meeting. C．Writing a diary.
12．Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone
A．To discuss a program.
B．To make a travel plan.
C．To ask for sick leave.
13．When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon
A．At 3:00. B．At 3:30. C．At 3:45.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．A company. B．An interview. C．A job offer.
15．Who is Monica Stansfield
A．A junior specialist. B．A department manager. C．A sales assistant.
16．When will the man hear from the woman
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
17．What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A．Touring France. B．Playing outdoors. C．Painting pictures.
18．What did John do after he moved to the US
A．He did business. B．He studied biology. C．He worked on a farm.
19．Why did John go hunting
A．For food. B．For pleasure. C．For money.
20．What is the subject of John's works
A．American birds. B．Natural scenery. C．Family life.
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
OPENINGS
AND PREVIEWS
Animals
Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present
the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri
Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park Presbyterian
Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.）
The
Audience
Helen
Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve
Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring
Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel
Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented
as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.）
On
the Twentieth Century
Kristin
Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph
Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win
a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.）
21．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about .
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
22．Who is the director of The Audience
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
23．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
For
Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for
Western creative.
"It's
no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration
for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a
global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier
this year, the China Through A Looking Glass
exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing
alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese
aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable
imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there
is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China
is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of
beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which
means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of
course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of
the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang,
Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them
hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
For
Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing
fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so
are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market;
in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are
talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and
how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
24．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
25．What does Hill say about Chinese women
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
26．What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean
A．learning from B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper" caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s
A．Academic. B．Unattractive. C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
29．What did street sales mean to newspapers
A．They would be priced higher. B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers. D．They could regain public trust.
30．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at
A．Local politicians. B．Common people.
C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.
31．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper
A．It was a difficult process. B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor. D．It was a disaster for printers.
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
Monkeys seem to have a
way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained
three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers
and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers
then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical
School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment:
In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the
screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle
were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and
the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen
they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the
circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds
of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values
more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not
just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined
the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended
to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single
symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing,
for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When
adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two,
and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number
to it.
"This indicates that
there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone
says. "But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to
the big number than the little one.”
32．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them
A．They fed them. B．They named them.
C．They trained them. D．They measured them.
33．How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment
A．By drawing a circle. B．By touching a screen.
C．By watching videos. D．By mixing two drinks.
34．What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys
A．They could perform basic addition.
B．They could understand simple words.
C．They could memorize numbers easily.
D．They could hold their attention for long.
35．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science.
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing
healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 　36． 　 While
I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can
arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
　37． 　 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.
Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't
hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion
forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 　38． 　 Be
sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make
it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't share personal information
or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation
to the professor. 　39． 　
Don't openly express annoyance
at a professor or class. 　40． 　 When a student attacks a professor on the social
media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly
a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online
course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A.
That's what they are for.
B.
Turn to an online instructor for help.
C.
If more information is needed, they will ask.
D.
Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E.
Below are some common do's and don't for online learners.
F.
Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G.
Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 41． six months out of the year.
"Of course, we 42． it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. "We see the sky is 43． , but down in the valley it's darker — it's like on a 44． day.”
But that 45． when a system of high-tech 46． was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47． their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48． . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49． them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50． and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town's central 51． , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52． , Rjukan residents gathered together.
"People have been 53． there and standing there and taking 54． of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55． . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56． the sunshine at the same time. 57． , the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 58． residents.
"It's not very 59． ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60． .”
41．A．only B．obviously C．nearly D．precisely
42．A．fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
43．A．empty B．blue C．high D．wide
44．A．cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
45．A．helped B．changed C．happened D．mattered
46．A．computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．cameras
47．A．remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
48．A．repair B．risk C．rest D．use
49．A．forbids B．directs C．predicts D．follows
50．A．day B．night C．month D．year
51．A．library B．hall C．square D．street
52．A．appeared B．returned C．faded D．stopped
53．A．driving B．hiding C．camping D．siting
54．A．pictures B．notes C．care D．hold
55．A．new B．full C．flat D．silent
56．A．block B．avoid C．enjoy D．store
57．A．Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly
58．A．nature-loving B．energy-saving C．weather-beaten D．sun-starved
59．A．big B．clear C．cold D．easy
60．A．trying B．waiting C．watching D．sharing
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On
our way to the house，it was raining
　61． 　 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it
would take 　62． 　 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We
were first greeted with the barking by a pack 　63． 　 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters 　64． 　 had great experience with caring for these animals.
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 　65． 　（recommend）wonderful places to eat, shop, and
visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When
they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an
interesting 　66． 　（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 　67． 　（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 　68． 　 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 　69． 　（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful
farm on the North Shore under the stars，　70． 　 （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
七、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I've
had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it
may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just
an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such
as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in
the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one,
I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of
my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
八、书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
⑴时间；
⑵活动安排；
⑶欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
⑴词数100左右；
⑵可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8．
9．
10．
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
11．
12．
13．
【答案】14．C
15．B
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
14．
15．
16．
【答案】17．C
18．A
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
17．
18．
19．
20．
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文阅读，介绍了几部即将上演的戏剧。
【点评】这一篇应用文，考查准确识别掌握细节信息的能力。答题的关键在于通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，然后通过对句子及段落的理解，确定准确的信息。
21．细节理解题。根据话剧 Animals Out of Paper 的 Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio 可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故答案为A。
22．细节理解题。根据话剧 The Audience 的 Stephen Daldry directs 可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故答案为D。
23．细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li- Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story 可知，话剧 Hamilton 的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看Hamilton。故答案为C。
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．D
27．D
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国文化及其丰富的文化，成为西方时尚设计师的灵感来源。中国年轻的设计师和模特最终在许多方面被认可，也将引领着世界时尚的潮流。
【点评】本文是关于中国在时尚圈中的大国地位，属于议论文。文章第一句点明主旨。答题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
24．细节理解题。将 New York 定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.（此次展览吸引参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故答案为B。
25．细节理解题。将题干中的Hill定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion
campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement . （中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故答案为A。
26．词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故答案为D。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations.以及最后一段If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its
breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故答案为D。
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．B
31．A
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了“便士报纸”的诞生历程。
【点评】这是一篇科普类的说明文，阅读时把握文章的主旨，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题时，确定问题中的关键词，然后在文章中准确定位，认真分析相关的语句即可得到答案。
28．细节理解题。将题干中的 1830s 定位在文章的第一段，根据these amounts were forbidding to most citizens 和 most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience 可知，当时只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。A . Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的； D. Confidential机密的，保密的。故答案为B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买到报纸。 结合第三段中间的 street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities 可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。故答案为C。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的 referring to papers made widely available to the public 可知，这种“便士报纸”是针对大众的，在街上可以买得到报纸。所以这种报纸针对的是普通老百姓，故答案为B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 did not begin well … immediate failures …可知，“便士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。故答案为A。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】 这是一篇说明文，介绍了哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果：猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。文章对研究的经过和结论做了介绍和分析。
【点评】这是一篇科普方面说明文。答题是紧扣文章主题句——第一句，通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，认真分析相关的句子，对选项加以分析进行必要的排除从而得到正确的答案。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研究者们对它们进行了培训。故答案为C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice ； if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7滴水或者果汁的奖励；当它们触摸屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。故答案为B。
34．推理判断题。将题干中Livingstone's team 定位在第四段the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination和第五段中的paid attention to the larger of the two可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值，这意味着它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。可以推断出：猴子能够进行基本的加法计算。故答案为A。
35．推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故答案为D。
【答案】36．E；37．G；38．A；39．C；40．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】 本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
【点评】本题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。
36．段中句。根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，根据下文中的do's 和 don'ts可知此处此处为文章的主题句，故答案为E。
37．段首句。根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项make sure they are good, thoughtful questions相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故答案为G。
38．段中句。根据前一句Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故答案为A。
39．段尾句。根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故答案为C。
40．段中句。通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选答案为F。
【答案】41．C；42．D；43．B；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．C；52．A；53．D；54．A；55．B；56．C；57．B；58．D；59．A；60．D
【知识点】记叙文
【解析】【分析】 本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
【点评】这是一篇记叙文，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
41．考查副词辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously；显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely精确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故答案为C。
42．考查动词辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们注意到，故答案为D。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故答案为B。
44．考查形容词辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文but down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故答案为A。
45．考查动词辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故答案为B。
46．考查名词辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，可知是镜子，故答案为C。
47．考查动词辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故答案为C。
48．考查名词辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，put sth to use把某物投入使用。故答案为D。
49．span>考查动词辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50．考查名词辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故答案为A。
51．考查名词辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故答案为C。
52．考查动词辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故答案为A。
53．考查动词辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故答案为D。
54．考查名词辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故答案为A。
55．考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故答案为B。
56．考查动词辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故答案为C。
57．考查副词辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故答案为B。
58．考查形容词辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故答案为D。
59．考查形容词辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故答案为A。
60．考查动词辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故答案为D。
【答案】61．so；62．to get；63．of；64．who；65．recommended；66．competition；67．traditional；68．hugely；69．were invited；70．listening
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。
61．考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故答案为so。
62．考查不定式。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。固定搭配it take+时间+to do sth，此处how long指代时间，位置提前，take后接动词不定式，表示需要花费多少时间，故答案为to get。
63．考查介词。句意：我们首先受到了一群狗吠的欢迎，确切地说有七只。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故答案为of。
64．考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练得很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。 had great experience with caring for these animals 作为定语从句修饰先行词masters（主人），且从句缺主语，用who。故答案为who。
65．考查动词的时态。句意：我们的东道主跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故答案为recommeded。
66．考查名词。句意：当他们从工作中空闲下来的时候，他们邀请我们参加当地的活动，让我们知道一场有趣的比赛背后有一个故事。空格前的不定冠词an和形容词interesting修饰可数名词单数，compete用名词形式competition，比赛。故答案为competition。
67．考查形容词。句意：他们也跟我们分享了许多在游客中很受欢迎的，夏威夷的传统故事。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故答案为traditional。
68．考查副词。句意：他们也跟我们分享了许多在游客中很受欢迎的，夏威夷的传统故事。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故答案为hugely。
69．/span>考查被动语态。句意：我们被邀请参加一场在星空下，北海岸一个漂亮的农场里的私人音乐会，听着音乐家们的演奏，会见有趣的当地人。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。主语为we，受到邀请，用被动语态，故答案为were invited。
70．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们被邀请参加一场在星空下，北海岸一个漂亮的农场里的私人音乐会，听着音乐家们的演奏，会见有趣的当地人。由and前后连接两个并列的结构，and后meeting为现在分词，listen也用现在分词，故答案为listening。
71．【答案】①opens →open ②required →requires ③ordinarily →ordinary ④café后加to ⑤删掉like ⑥yourselves →themselves ⑦what →that/which ⑧manage →managing ⑨city →cities ⑩an →a
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文谈论作者的梦想。
①考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。
②考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required改为 requires。
③考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。
④考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have前加to。
⑤such as和like都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like删除。
⑥考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，第三人称复数，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。
⑦考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。
⑧考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
⑨考查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。
⑩考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音音素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。
【点评】本题考查对语法的综合运用能力，需要在充分理解短文的基础上对文章的逻辑关系、词法、句法，上下文等方面进行综合的判断，发现并改正错误。要具备完善的语法基础知识才能正确的改正错误。
72．【答案】暂未更新
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】应用文写作。本文要求以李华的身份给英国朋友Allen 写一封邮件，告诉他你校将举办音乐节并邀请他参加 。写作前注意审题，弄清体裁，然后列出具体要点：1、问候语以及写邮件的目的；2、音乐节的时间、地点等；3、 音乐节的活动安排 。4、 欢迎他表演节目 。5、结束语。写作时注意要点全面、字迹工整、卷面整洁。本文多用一般现在时和一般将来时。注意使用多样的语法结构和高级的词汇。
【点评】考查电子邮件的写作。写此类文章注意开头要开门见山，直奔主题。表达要点是注意长短句的合理搭配，尽量使用非谓语、被动语态、倒装、定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。注意句子与句子之间的连贯。
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2019年高考英语真题试卷（全国Ⅲ卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．In a classroom.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）How does the woman feel now
A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Tired.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）How much will the man pay
A．$520. B．$80. C．$100.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）What does the man tell Jane to do
A．Postpone his appointment.
B．Meet Mr. Douglas.
C．Return at 3 o'clock.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）Why would David quit his job
A．To go back to school.
B．To start his own firm.
C．To work for his friend.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man want the woman to do
A．Check the cupboard. B．Clean the balcony. C．Buy an umbrella.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
8．Where did the woman go at the weekend
A．The city centre. B．The forest park. C．The man's home.
9．How did the man spend his weekend
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
10．What will the woman do for the man
A．Take Henry to hospital.
B．Stay with his kid.
C．Look after his pet.
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8．
9．
10．
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
11．What is Mr. Stone doing now
A．Eating lunch. B．Having a meeting. C．Writing a diary.
12．Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone
A．To discuss a program.
B．To make a travel plan.
C．To ask for sick leave.
13．When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon
A．At 3:00. B．At 3:30. C．At 3:45.
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
11．
12．
13．
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．A company. B．An interview. C．A job offer.
15．Who is Monica Stansfield
A．A junior specialist. B．A department manager. C．A sales assistant.
16．When will the man hear from the woman
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
【答案】14．C
15．B
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
14．
15．
16．
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）听材料，回答问题。
17．What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A．Touring France. B．Playing outdoors. C．Painting pictures.
18．What did John do after he moved to the US
A．He did business. B．He studied biology. C．He worked on a farm.
19．Why did John go hunting
A．For food. B．For pleasure. C．For money.
20．What is the subject of John's works
A．American birds. B．Natural scenery. C．Family life.
【答案】17．C
18．A
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
17．
18．
19．
20．
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
OPENINGS
AND PREVIEWS
Animals
Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present
the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri
Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park Presbyterian
Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.）
The
Audience
Helen
Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve
Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring
Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel
Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented
as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.）
On
the Twentieth Century
Kristin
Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph
Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win
a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.）
21．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about .
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
22．Who is the director of The Audience
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
23．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文阅读，介绍了几部即将上演的戏剧。
【点评】这一篇应用文，考查准确识别掌握细节信息的能力。答题的关键在于通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，然后通过对句子及段落的理解，确定准确的信息。
21．细节理解题。根据话剧 Animals Out of Paper 的 Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio 可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故答案为A。
22．细节理解题。根据话剧 The Audience 的 Stephen Daldry directs 可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故答案为D。
23．细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li- Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story 可知，话剧 Hamilton 的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看Hamilton。故答案为C。
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
For
Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for
Western creative.
"It's
no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration
for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a
global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier
this year, the China Through A Looking Glass
exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing
alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese
aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable
imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there
is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China
is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of
beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which
means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of
course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of
the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang,
Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them
hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
For
Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing
fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so
are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market;
in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are
talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and
how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
24．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
25．What does Hill say about Chinese women
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
26．What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean
A．learning from B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．D
27．D
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国文化及其丰富的文化，成为西方时尚设计师的灵感来源。中国年轻的设计师和模特最终在许多方面被认可，也将引领着世界时尚的潮流。
【点评】本文是关于中国在时尚圈中的大国地位，属于议论文。文章第一句点明主旨。答题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
24．细节理解题。将 New York 定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.（此次展览吸引参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故答案为B。
25．细节理解题。将题干中的Hill定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion
campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement . （中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故答案为A。
26．词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故答案为D。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations.以及最后一段If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its
breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故答案为D。
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper" caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s
A．Academic. B．Unattractive. C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
29．What did street sales mean to newspapers
A．They would be priced higher. B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers. D．They could regain public trust.
30．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at
A．Local politicians. B．Common people.
C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.
31．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper
A．It was a difficult process. B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor. D．It was a disaster for printers.
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．B
31．A
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了“便士报纸”的诞生历程。
【点评】这是一篇科普类的说明文，阅读时把握文章的主旨，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题时，确定问题中的关键词，然后在文章中准确定位，认真分析相关的语句即可得到答案。
28．细节理解题。将题干中的 1830s 定位在文章的第一段，根据these amounts were forbidding to most citizens 和 most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience 可知，当时只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。A . Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的； D. Confidential机密的，保密的。故答案为B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买到报纸。 结合第三段中间的 street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities 可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。故答案为C。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的 referring to papers made widely available to the public 可知，这种“便士报纸”是针对大众的，在街上可以买得到报纸。所以这种报纸针对的是普通老百姓，故答案为B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 did not begin well … immediate failures …可知，“便士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。故答案为A。
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
Monkeys seem to have a
way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained
three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers
and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers
then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical
School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment:
In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the
screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle
were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and
the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen
they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the
circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds
of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values
more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not
just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined
the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended
to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single
symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing,
for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When
adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two,
and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number
to it.
"This indicates that
there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone
says. "But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to
the big number than the little one.”
32．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them
A．They fed them. B．They named them.
C．They trained them. D．They measured them.
33．How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment
A．By drawing a circle. B．By touching a screen.
C．By watching videos. D．By mixing two drinks.
34．What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys
A．They could perform basic addition.
B．They could understand simple words.
C．They could memorize numbers easily.
D．They could hold their attention for long.
35．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】 这是一篇说明文，介绍了哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果：猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。文章对研究的经过和结论做了介绍和分析。
【点评】这是一篇科普方面说明文。答题是紧扣文章主题句——第一句，通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，认真分析相关的句子，对选项加以分析进行必要的排除从而得到正确的答案。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研究者们对它们进行了培训。故答案为C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice ； if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7滴水或者果汁的奖励；当它们触摸屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。故答案为B。
34．推理判断题。将题干中Livingstone's team 定位在第四段the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination和第五段中的paid attention to the larger of the two可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值，这意味着它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。可以推断出：猴子能够进行基本的加法计算。故答案为A。
35．推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故答案为D。
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing
healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 　36． 　 While
I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can
arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
　37． 　 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.
Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't
hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion
forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 　38． 　 Be
sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make
it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't share personal information
or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation
to the professor. 　39． 　
Don't openly express annoyance
at a professor or class. 　40． 　 When a student attacks a professor on the social
media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly
a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online
course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A.
That's what they are for.
B.
Turn to an online instructor for help.
C.
If more information is needed, they will ask.
D.
Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E.
Below are some common do's and don't for online learners.
F.
Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G.
Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】36．E；37．G；38．A；39．C；40．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】 本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
【点评】本题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。
36．段中句。根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，根据下文中的do's 和 don'ts可知此处此处为文章的主题句，故答案为E。
37．段首句。根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项make sure they are good, thoughtful questions相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故答案为G。
38．段中句。根据前一句Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故答案为A。
39．段尾句。根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故答案为C。
40．段中句。通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选答案为F。
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 41． six months out of the year.
"Of course, we 42． it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. "We see the sky is 43． , but down in the valley it's darker — it's like on a 44． day.”
But that 45． when a system of high-tech 46． was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47． their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48． . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49． them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50． and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town's central 51． , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52． , Rjukan residents gathered together.
"People have been 53． there and standing there and taking 54． of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55． . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56． the sunshine at the same time. 57． , the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 58． residents.
"It's not very 59． ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60． .”
41．A．only B．obviously C．nearly D．precisely
42．A．fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
43．A．empty B．blue C．high D．wide
44．A．cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
45．A．helped B．changed C．happened D．mattered
46．A．computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．cameras
47．A．remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
48．A．repair B．risk C．rest D．use
49．A．forbids B．directs C．predicts D．follows
50．A．day B．night C．month D．year
51．A．library B．hall C．square D．street
52．A．appeared B．returned C．faded D．stopped
53．A．driving B．hiding C．camping D．siting
54．A．pictures B．notes C．care D．hold
55．A．new B．full C．flat D．silent
56．A．block B．avoid C．enjoy D．store
57．A．Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly
58．A．nature-loving B．energy-saving C．weather-beaten D．sun-starved
59．A．big B．clear C．cold D．easy
60．A．trying B．waiting C．watching D．sharing
【答案】41．C；42．D；43．B；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．C；52．A；53．D；54．A；55．B；56．C；57．B；58．D；59．A；60．D
【知识点】记叙文
【解析】【分析】 本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
【点评】这是一篇记叙文，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
41．考查副词辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously；显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely精确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故答案为C。
42．考查动词辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们注意到，故答案为D。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故答案为B。
44．考查形容词辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文but down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故答案为A。
45．考查动词辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故答案为B。
46．考查名词辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，可知是镜子，故答案为C。
47．考查动词辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故答案为C。
48．考查名词辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，put sth to use把某物投入使用。故答案为D。
49．span>考查动词辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50．考查名词辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故答案为A。
51．考查名词辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故答案为C。
52．考查动词辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故答案为A。
53．考查动词辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故答案为D。
54．考查名词辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故答案为A。
55．考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故答案为B。
56．考查动词辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故答案为C。
57．考查副词辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故答案为B。
58．考查形容词辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故答案为D。
59．考查形容词辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故答案为A。
60．考查动词辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故答案为D。
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On
our way to the house，it was raining
　61． 　 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it
would take 　62． 　 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We
were first greeted with the barking by a pack 　63． 　 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters 　64． 　 had great experience with caring for these animals.
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 　65． 　（recommend）wonderful places to eat, shop, and
visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When
they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an
interesting 　66． 　（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 　67． 　（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 　68． 　 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 　69． 　（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful
farm on the North Shore under the stars，　70． 　 （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61．so；62．to get；63．of；64．who；65．recommended；66．competition；67．traditional；68．hugely；69．were invited；70．listening
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。
61．考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故答案为so。
62．考查不定式。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。固定搭配it take+时间+to do sth，此处how long指代时间，位置提前，take后接动词不定式，表示需要花费多少时间，故答案为to get。
63．考查介词。句意：我们首先受到了一群狗吠的欢迎，确切地说有七只。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故答案为of。
64．考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练得很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。 had great experience with caring for these animals 作为定语从句修饰先行词masters（主人），且从句缺主语，用who。故答案为who。
65．考查动词的时态。句意：我们的东道主跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故答案为recommeded。
66．考查名词。句意：当他们从工作中空闲下来的时候，他们邀请我们参加当地的活动，让我们知道一场有趣的比赛背后有一个故事。空格前的不定冠词an和形容词interesting修饰可数名词单数，compete用名词形式competition，比赛。故答案为competition。
67．考查形容词。句意：他们也跟我们分享了许多在游客中很受欢迎的，夏威夷的传统故事。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故答案为traditional。
68．考查副词。句意：他们也跟我们分享了许多在游客中很受欢迎的，夏威夷的传统故事。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故答案为hugely。
69．/span>考查被动语态。句意：我们被邀请参加一场在星空下，北海岸一个漂亮的农场里的私人音乐会，听着音乐家们的演奏，会见有趣的当地人。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。主语为we，受到邀请，用被动语态，故答案为were invited。
70．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们被邀请参加一场在星空下，北海岸一个漂亮的农场里的私人音乐会，听着音乐家们的演奏，会见有趣的当地人。由and前后连接两个并列的结构，and后meeting为现在分词，listen也用现在分词，故答案为listening。
七、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I've
had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it
may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just
an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such
as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in
the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one,
I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of
my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
【答案】①opens →open ②required →requires ③ordinarily →ordinary ④café后加to ⑤删掉like ⑥yourselves →themselves ⑦what →that/which ⑧manage →managing ⑨city →cities ⑩an →a
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文谈论作者的梦想。
①考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。
②考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required改为 requires。
③考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。
④考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have前加to。
⑤such as和like都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like删除。
⑥考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，第三人称复数，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。
⑦考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。
⑧考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
⑨考查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。
⑩考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音音素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。
【点评】本题考查对语法的综合运用能力，需要在充分理解短文的基础上对文章的逻辑关系、词法、句法，上下文等方面进行综合的判断，发现并改正错误。要具备完善的语法基础知识才能正确的改正错误。
八、书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
⑴时间；
⑵活动安排；
⑶欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
⑴词数100左右；
⑵可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】暂未更新
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】应用文写作。本文要求以李华的身份给英国朋友Allen 写一封邮件，告诉他你校将举办音乐节并邀请他参加 。写作前注意审题，弄清体裁，然后列出具体要点：1、问候语以及写邮件的目的；2、音乐节的时间、地点等；3、 音乐节的活动安排 。4、 欢迎他表演节目 。5、结束语。写作时注意要点全面、字迹工整、卷面整洁。本文多用一般现在时和一般将来时。注意使用多样的语法结构和高级的词汇。
【点评】考查电子邮件的写作。写此类文章注意开头要开门见山，直奔主题。表达要点是注意长短句的合理搭配，尽量使用非谓语、被动语态、倒装、定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。注意句子与句子之间的连贯。
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