【精品解析】2019年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）

2019年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1．（2019·江苏）Where does this conversation take place
A．In a classroom. B．In a hospital. C．In a museum.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2．（2019·江苏）What does Jack want to do
A．Take fitness classes.
B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C．Change his work schedule.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3．（2019·江苏）What are the speakers talking about
A．What to drink. B．Where to meet. C．When to leave.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
4．（2019·江苏）What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleges B．Classmates C．Strangers
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
5．（2019·江苏）Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation
A．She might want a ticket.
B．She is looking for the man.
C．She has an extra ticket.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
6．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）How long did James run his business
A．10 years. B．13years. C．15 years.
（2）How does the woman feel about James' situation
A．Embarrassed B．Concerned C．Disappointed
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
【知识点】长对话
7．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What has Kate's mother decided to do
A．Return to school. B．Change her job. C．Retire from work.
（2）What did Kate's mother study at college
A．Oil painting.
B．Art history.
C．Business administration.
（3）What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision
A．Disapproving B．Ambiguous C．Understanding
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
8．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What is the man doing
A．Chairing a meeting.
B．Hosting a radio program.
C．Conducting a job interview.
（2）What benefits Mary most in her job
A．Her wide reading.
B．Her leaders' guidance.
C．Her friends' help
（3）Who will Mary talk about next
A．Her teacher. B．Her father C．Her mother.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
9．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise
A．He lacks motivation.
B．He has a heart problem.
C．He works all the time.
（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do
A．He's an athlete. B．He's a researcher. C．He's a journalist.
（3）Why does the woman speak of a study
A．To encourage the man.
B．To recommend an exercise.
C．To support her findings.
（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly
A．300 minutes. B．150 minute. C．75 minutes.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】长对话
10．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What did the scientists do to the road
A．They repaired it. B．They painted it. C．They blocked it
（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface
A．It's warm. B．It's brown. C．It's smooth.
（3）What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment
A．To keep the birds there for a whole year.
B．To help students study the birds well.
C．To prevent the birds from being killed.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】独白
三、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
11．（2019·江苏）We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A．which B．what C．when D．that
【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
12．（2019·江苏）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时。
13．（2019·江苏）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance.
A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case
【答案】D
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only“是......多好”；B. as if“好像，仿佛”；C. even though“即使，尽管”；D. in case“以备，以防，免得”。故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，区分if only；as if；even though和in case的含义。
14．（2019·江苏）More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up C．hold up D．spring up
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了满足新能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up“开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）”；B. clear up“整理，收拾，解决（问题）”；C. hold up“（论点、理论等） 站得住脚，阻挡，举起”；D. spring up“出现，涌现”。发电站需要被建立，故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take up；clear up；hold up和 spring up的含义。
15．（2019·江苏）Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
【答案】B
【知识点】同位语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句。
16．（2019·江苏）Nowadays the ________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A．priority B．potential C．proportion D．pension
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority“优先，优先权”；B. potential“潜力，潜能”；C. proportion“比例，占比”；D. pension“退休金，抚恤金”。旅游中美食美景是比较重要的，为优先，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分 priority；potential；proportion和pension的含义。
17．（2019·江苏）Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees' professional development.
A．in effect B．in command C．in turn D．in shape
【答案】A
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：好的制度政策都会在激发员工的专业水平的提升上生效。A. in effect“生效”；B. in command“指挥”；C. in turn“轮流，依次”；D. in shape“在外形上，处于良好的状态”。故选A。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分 in effect；in command； in turn和in shape的含义。
18．（2019·江苏）Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ________ options to exercise.
A．casual B．regular C．flexible D．tight
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual“偶然的，随便的”；B. regular“定期的，有规律的”；C. flexible“灵活的”；D. tight“紧的，密封的”。与传统体育锻炼做对比，有app软件的锻炼比较灵活，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分casual； regular； flexible和 tight的含义。
19．（2019·江苏）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ in love with the people and culture there.
A．would fall B．had fallen C．has fallen D．fell
【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
20．（2019·江苏）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．To enjoy B．Enjoying
C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy
【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处是不定式作目的状语，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
21．（2019·江苏）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气与真实语气的混合使用；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及过去事实相反的假设。
22．（2019·江苏）China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．to be recognized D．recognized
【答案】A
【知识点】动词现在分词；独立主格结构
【解析】【分析】句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的独立主格结构。
23．（2019·江苏）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．will install B．will have been installed
C．are installed D．have been installed
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；将来完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及将来完成时的被动语态。
24．（2019·江苏）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting C．reviewing D．restoring
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling“像”；reflecting“反映”；reviewing“回顾”；restoring“恢复”。城市反映了人们的智慧和创造力，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分resemble；reflect；review和restore的含义。
25．（2019·江苏）—Let's take a coffee break.
—________ We've been working for hours.
A．Why bother B．What for
C．You got me there. D．You said it.
【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。why bother“没有必要”；what for“为什么”；You got me there“你把我搞糊涂了”；You said it“你算说对了”。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。 故选D。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分 why bother？；what for？；You got me there和You said it的含义和使用环境。
四、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
26．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Wildlife
has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species (物种) that are （1） every
day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their
best to （2） the
species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim
work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their （3） .
Emma, a female crane, has been in their （4） since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an
international crane foundation, Emma was （5） by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected
（6） , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had （7） taken herself as a crane and become deeply
attached to humans. She （8） to
live with male cranes, and even had a （9） for killing some of them, which made it （10） for her to become a mother.
（11） ,
the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts,
they successfully developed a （12） of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This （13） Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers
are proud of their productive work. But before they can be （14） ,
more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is
on the （15） , and many other species appear headed toward
extinction. （16） , not everyone has realized that wildlife
has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we （17） the ever-widening gap that separates us from
other animals Chris and Tim offered us the （18） :
human beings took it for granted that their （19） held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts
can be a better （20） .
（1）A．growing B．migrating C．competing D．disappearing
（2）A．ban B．save C．split D．remove
（3）A．abortion B．recreation C．reproduction D．administration
（4）A．care B．eye C．mind D．story
（5）A．found B．chosen C．raised D．seized
（6）A．bonus B．consequence C．victory D．sacrifice
（7）A．never B．always C．unluckily D．cheerfully
（8）A．liked B．refused C．decided D．hesitated
（9）A．gift B．skill C．concern D．reputation
（10）A．illegal B．inspiring C．important D．impossible
（11）A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
（12）A．combination B．collection C．strategy D．system
（13）A．forced B．forbade C．taught D．enabled
（14）A．defeated B．grateful C．assured D．tolerant
（15）A．it B．rise C．agenda D．decline
（16）A．In contrast B．After
all
C．By the way D．On the contrary
（17）A．leave B．bridge C．open D．identify
（18）A．course B．excuse C．answer D．reward
（19）A．brains B．behaviors C．services D．projects
（20）A．guide B．treat C．example D．companion
【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）A
【知识点】科普环保类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。
（1）考查动词。A：growing“生长”；B：migrating“迁移，迁徙”；C：competing“竞争”；D：disappearing “消失”。根据“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。故选D。
（2）考查动词。A：ban“禁止”；B：save“挽救，节约”；C：split“分裂，分离”；D：remove “移除，去掉”。根据上文每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故选B。
（3）考查名词。A：abortion“流产，（计划等）失败”；B：recreation“娱乐，消遣”；C：reproduction“繁殖”；D：administration “管理”。根据上文科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指繁殖，故选C。
（4）考查名词。A：care“关心，照顾”；B：eye“眼”；C：mind“思维”；D：story “故事，经历”。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。
（5）考查动词。A：found“发现”；B：chosen“选择”；C：raised“升起，饲养”；D：seized“抓住”。根据下文“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故答案选C。
（6）考查名词。A：bonus“奖金，额外津贴，红利”；B：consequence“后果”；C：victory“胜利”；D：sacrifice “牺牲”。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。故选B。
（7）考查副词。A：never“从来不”；B：always“总是”；C：unluckily“不幸地是”；D：cheerfully“高高兴兴地”根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans…even …killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。
（8）考查动词。A：liked“喜欢”；B：refused“拒绝”；C：decided“决定”；D：hesitated“犹豫”。根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起。故选B。
（9）考查名词。A：gift“礼物，天赋”；B：skill“技能”；C：concern“关心，担心”；D：reputation “声誉”。根据“even（甚至）”这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而臭名昭著。故选D。
（10）考查形容词。A：illegal“非法的”；B：inspiring“鼓舞人心的”；C：important“重要的”；D：impossible“不可能的”。Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她不可能生育小鹤，成为妈妈。故选D。
（11）考查副词。A：Therefore“因此”；B：Moreover“而且”；C：However“但是，然而”；D：Instead “代替”。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。故选C。
（12）考查名词。A：combination“结合”；B：collection“收集，收藏”；C：strategy“策略，战略”；D：system “机制”。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起。故选A。
（13）考查动词。A：forced“强迫”；B：forbade“禁止”；C：taught“教”；D：enabled “使能够”。Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.固定短语，“使……能够做某事”，故选D。
（14）考查形容词。A：defeated“战败的”；B：grateful“感激的”；C：assured确定的，有把握的，自信的”；D：tolerant“容忍的”。根据下文“ more efforts must be made”可知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。
（15）考查名（代）词。A：it“它”；B：rise“提升”；C：agenda“代办处”；D：decline“下降，减少”。根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故选D。
（16）考查介词短语。A：In contrast“对比”；B：After all“毕竟，终究”；C：By the way“顺便说一下”；D：On the contrary “相反”。根据上文：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故选B。
（17）考查动词。A：leave“离开，留下”；B：bridge“架桥，渡过”；C：open“打开”；D：identify “确定，鉴定”。针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？故选B。
（18）考查名词。A：course“过程，课程”；B：excuse“借口”；C：answer“回答”；D：reward“奖赏”。上文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。选C。
（19）考查名词。A：brains“大脑”；B：behaviors“表现，行为”；C：services“服务”；D：projects “工程，项目”。根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。故选A。
（20）考查名词。A：guide“向导”；B：treat“请客”；C：example“例子”；D：companion “伙伴”。根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的大脑掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
五、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
27．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something
to see or do to make your visit truly memorable. High energy If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern. And don't forget: we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling. High minded Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you'll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. Keeping the kids happy Children love the small train and playgrounds in the Pavilion Gardens and there's plenty more to explore at the Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor play centre, plus the special events and workshops, and others during school holiday periods
（1）If you want to take an undergounld journey, which place is the best choice
A．Pole's Caven. B．Pavilion Gardens.
C．Buxton Museum. D．Green Man Gallery.
（2）Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers ________.
A．rides in small trains B．courses in modcm arts
C．artistic and cultural activities D．basic courses in horse riding
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向游客介绍了去布克斯顿旅游可以去的一些景点的相关信息。
（1）细节理解题。根据High energy部分中的“...... journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern”可知，在 Poole's Cavern，可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地铁旅行。所以如果你想乘地铁旅行，Poole's Cavern是你最好的选择。选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据High minded部分中的“Buxton is justifiably proud of it's cultural life and you will find much to suit all tastes with art ,music,opera,and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery”可知，Buxton 以其丰富的文化生活而自豪，在Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery，您将发现许多适合各种品味的艺术、音乐、歌剧和表演艺术。所以Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center特别是因为它提供艺术和文化活动。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
28．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone
National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had
not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been
known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy
features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting
magma (岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly.
In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part
of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet
high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and
was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of
these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however,
a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.
These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,
leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this
second type, but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by
taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the
copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice
blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the
photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole
park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion
had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too
huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past
Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything
known to humans.
（1）What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A．Its complicated geographical features.
B．Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C．The mysterious history of the park.
D．The exact location of the volcano.
（2）What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about
A．The shapes of volcanoes. B．The impacts of volcanoes.
C．The activities of volcanoes. D．The heights of volcanoes.
（3）What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean
A．Hot-air balloon. B．Digital camera.
C．Big photograph. D．Bird's view.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
29．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet
has had more important influences than the washing machine Why does it matter
that people are more impressed by the most recent changes
It would not matter if these misjudgments
were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as
they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
The fascination with the ICT (Information
and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made
some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday"
that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial
society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.
Even more worryingly, the fascination with
the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community
to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and
the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to
developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The
question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the
most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging
wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing
machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a
laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not
saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have
rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term
costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
In yet another example, a fascination with
the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies
of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a
"borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many
people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the
result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying
to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an
end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital,
labour and goods, with poor results.
Understanding technological trends is very
important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and
the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual
level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of
what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong
directions.
（1）Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ________.
A．a lack of confidence in technology B．a slow progress in technology
C．a conflict of public opinions D．a waste of limited resources
（2）The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ________.
A．take people's essential needs into account
B．make their programmes attractive to people
C．ensure that each child gets financial support
D．provide more affordable internet facilities
（3）What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations
A．Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.
B．Believing that the world has become borderless.
C．Ignoring the power of economic development.
D．Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.
（4）What can we learn from the passage
A．People should be encouraged to make more donations.
B．Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.
C．Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.
D．Economic policies should follow technological trends.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, they have reak impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. ”可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.”可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段“In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". 以及Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.”可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段“The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.”可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故可知，传统的技术依然有它的地位，不能被新兴的信息技术取代，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
30．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer
by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in
his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside
the family.
Melissa, his
daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep
catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist
to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's
best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed
willingness to help.
"Why do
this " Steve wondered.
"Because
she cares." Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears
in eye.
Naomi drove to
the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to
the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers
on the keys.
Naomi put a
small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart
sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
"It was
beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. "The music
was worth saving."
Her responsibility,
her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was sill in Steve Goodwin. It
was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve
met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily
on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard
in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time
to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi
spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a
song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with
Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could
write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a
recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it "Melancholy
Flower".
Naomi heard
multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni
called him "honey" and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and
Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her
husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed
to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi's
help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's
songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months
leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told
the director she had a special one in mind: "Melancholy Flower"
She told the
director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the
playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it
an honor.
After the
concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and
professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family
rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day
of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve
was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew
the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and
sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi
took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
（1）Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
（2）After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi ________.
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
（3）How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive. B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi. D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
（4）Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni ________.
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
（5）How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
（6）What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician D．The Value of Determination
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段中的“Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.”可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第十段中的“‘it was beautiful,' Naomi said after listening to the recording. ‘ the music was worth saving.'”可知，听了录音之后Naomi说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第十二段中的“He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.”以及第十三段中的“Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn't play it.”可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段“Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs.”可知作品很多。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十六段中的“Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't. ”以及下文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.”可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
（6）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
六、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
31．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The
Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all human beings
share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to
walk upright on two legs.
The first unique human characteristic is
that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It
seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2.
Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of
our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more
must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
The fact is that a huge brain is a huge
drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I's not
easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain
accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's
energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their
large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly,
their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that
this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't
win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag
doll.
Another unique human characteristic is that
we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition,
their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes,
like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex
tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its disadvantage.
The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support
a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting
to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to
support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful
hands backaches and painful necks.
We assume that a large brain makes huge
advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful
animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2
million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus
humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone
tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.
The
Cost of Thinking
Introduction Large
brains for their bodies and the ability to walk upright are two 　 　 of human beings.
The
　 　 of
large human brains The
larger brains may not be better because of the cost. The
big brains make it harder for the body to move around and consume more
energy. The
animal brain requires less 　 　when
the body is at rest. Large
human brains consume more food, and weaken muscles.
The
　 　 of
walking upright Walking
upright makes it easy to find food or 　 　against enemies. Freed
hands can serve some 　 　
purpose and perform complex tasks.
Walking
upright challenges the human bone structure, and 　 　 the size of brains. Walking
upright results in 　 　
sufferings.
Conclusion
With a large brain, human beings 　 　 other beings in terms of intelligence.
Weak and marginal, human beings remained 　 　 of meat-eating animals.
【答案】characteristics；disadvantages；energy；impact(s)；guard；other；limits；physical；beat；fearful/afraid
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。
（1）信息归纳题。根据第一段“all human beings share defining characteristics ,such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。
（2）信息归纳题。此题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。
（3）信息来源题。根据第三段中的“a huge brain is a huge drain--consumption of energy ”以及“It (the brain) consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.By comparison the brains of apes require only 8% of rest- time energy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。 当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。故填energy。
（4）信息归纳题。分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。
（5）信息转换题。根据第五段的第一句“Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guard against...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故填guard。
（6）信息来源题。根据第五段中的”...their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes ,like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands. ”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。
（7）信息归纳题。根据第五段“walking upright has disadvantages. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on four and a relative small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge , especially when the bones had to support an extra -large skull.” 可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。
（8）信息转换题。根据第六段“..., Humankind paid for its vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.” 可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。
（9）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故填beat。
（10）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“...humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat--eating animals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。
【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。
七、书面表达（满分25分）
32．（2019·江苏）请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Jiang: Have you heard this A group of exchange
students from the UK are visiting our school next month.
Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional
Chinese dress for the welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua: What do you think
Li Jiang: I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity
to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.
Su Hua: I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's
not our daily style. Besides, it's not very convenient.
Li Jiang: You see. It's the Chinese culture that the
British friends are coming for. Just the right occasion.
Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also
a better display of our school culture.
【写作内容】①用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；②在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装 请说明理由（不少于两点）。
【写作要求】①写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；③不必写标题。
【答案】 Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to
wear when greeting the British students. Li suggests traditional Chinese
clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable.
I prefer the school uniform to the
traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month. Although the
traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little
bit strange to walk around in it. We feel at ease in our school uniforms every
day. What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique
culture of our school. From the design and colour of our uniforms, the British
friends will learn more about our school. Besides, the choice of the
traditional Chinese dress means extra money, and extra time, for we have to
change it back after the event.
So the school uniforms are a better choice
than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.
【知识点】半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇读写作文，即先用30词概括阅读材料，然后针对材料中的话题写一篇议论文谈看法。首先要认真阅读有关中国传统服饰的对话，进行分析和归纳，表明态度，作出价值判断。然后写你对穿中国传统服装的看法，表明观点，注意用2-3个论据来支撑自己的看法。首先在概括要点时，要抓住要点，语言精炼。本文所给材料是描述某种现象，那么就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。第二步是提出自己的观点并加以论证。首先提出自己的观点，之后用论据来证明自己的观点，结尾要总结要点，与自己的观点句相呼应，使读者对主题有深刻的印象。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when greeting the British students.运用了“连接词+不定式”作宾语； Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable.运用了对比并列句和宾语从句； Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it.运用了让步状语从句； Besides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.运用了因果并列句。
1 / 12019年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1．（2019·江苏）Where does this conversation take place
A．In a classroom. B．In a hospital. C．In a museum.
2．（2019·江苏）What does Jack want to do
A．Take fitness classes.
B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C．Change his work schedule.
3．（2019·江苏）What are the speakers talking about
A．What to drink. B．Where to meet. C．When to leave.
4．（2019·江苏）What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleges B．Classmates C．Strangers
5．（2019·江苏）Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation
A．She might want a ticket.
B．She is looking for the man.
C．She has an extra ticket.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
6．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）How long did James run his business
A．10 years. B．13years. C．15 years.
（2）How does the woman feel about James' situation
A．Embarrassed B．Concerned C．Disappointed
7．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What has Kate's mother decided to do
A．Return to school. B．Change her job. C．Retire from work.
（2）What did Kate's mother study at college
A．Oil painting.
B．Art history.
C．Business administration.
（3）What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision
A．Disapproving B．Ambiguous C．Understanding
8．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What is the man doing
A．Chairing a meeting.
B．Hosting a radio program.
C．Conducting a job interview.
（2）What benefits Mary most in her job
A．Her wide reading.
B．Her leaders' guidance.
C．Her friends' help
（3）Who will Mary talk about next
A．Her teacher. B．Her father C．Her mother.
9．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise
A．He lacks motivation.
B．He has a heart problem.
C．He works all the time.
（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do
A．He's an athlete. B．He's a researcher. C．He's a journalist.
（3）Why does the woman speak of a study
A．To encourage the man.
B．To recommend an exercise.
C．To support her findings.
（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly
A．300 minutes. B．150 minute. C．75 minutes.
10．（2019·江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What did the scientists do to the road
A．They repaired it. B．They painted it. C．They blocked it
（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface
A．It's warm. B．It's brown. C．It's smooth.
（3）What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment
A．To keep the birds there for a whole year.
B．To help students study the birds well.
C．To prevent the birds from being killed.
三、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
11．（2019·江苏）We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A．which B．what C．when D．that
12．（2019·江苏）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
13．（2019·江苏）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance.
A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case
14．（2019·江苏）More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up C．hold up D．spring up
15．（2019·江苏）Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
16．（2019·江苏）Nowadays the ________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A．priority B．potential C．proportion D．pension
17．（2019·江苏）Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees' professional development.
A．in effect B．in command C．in turn D．in shape
18．（2019·江苏）Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ________ options to exercise.
A．casual B．regular C．flexible D．tight
19．（2019·江苏）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ in love with the people and culture there.
A．would fall B．had fallen C．has fallen D．fell
20．（2019·江苏）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．To enjoy B．Enjoying
C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy
21．（2019·江苏）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
22．（2019·江苏）China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．to be recognized D．recognized
23．（2019·江苏）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．will install B．will have been installed
C．are installed D．have been installed
24．（2019·江苏）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting C．reviewing D．restoring
25．（2019·江苏）—Let's take a coffee break.
—________ We've been working for hours.
A．Why bother B．What for
C．You got me there. D．You said it.
四、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
26．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Wildlife
has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species (物种) that are （1） every
day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their
best to （2） the
species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim
work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their （3） .
Emma, a female crane, has been in their （4） since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an
international crane foundation, Emma was （5） by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected
（6） , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had （7） taken herself as a crane and become deeply
attached to humans. She （8） to
live with male cranes, and even had a （9） for killing some of them, which made it （10） for her to become a mother.
（11） ,
the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts,
they successfully developed a （12） of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This （13） Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers
are proud of their productive work. But before they can be （14） ,
more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is
on the （15） , and many other species appear headed toward
extinction. （16） , not everyone has realized that wildlife
has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we （17） the ever-widening gap that separates us from
other animals Chris and Tim offered us the （18） :
human beings took it for granted that their （19） held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts
can be a better （20） .
（1）A．growing B．migrating C．competing D．disappearing
（2）A．ban B．save C．split D．remove
（3）A．abortion B．recreation C．reproduction D．administration
（4）A．care B．eye C．mind D．story
（5）A．found B．chosen C．raised D．seized
（6）A．bonus B．consequence C．victory D．sacrifice
（7）A．never B．always C．unluckily D．cheerfully
（8）A．liked B．refused C．decided D．hesitated
（9）A．gift B．skill C．concern D．reputation
（10）A．illegal B．inspiring C．important D．impossible
（11）A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
（12）A．combination B．collection C．strategy D．system
（13）A．forced B．forbade C．taught D．enabled
（14）A．defeated B．grateful C．assured D．tolerant
（15）A．it B．rise C．agenda D．decline
（16）A．In contrast B．After
all
C．By the way D．On the contrary
（17）A．leave B．bridge C．open D．identify
（18）A．course B．excuse C．answer D．reward
（19）A．brains B．behaviors C．services D．projects
（20）A．guide B．treat C．example D．companion
五、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
27．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something
to see or do to make your visit truly memorable. High energy If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern. And don't forget: we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling. High minded Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you'll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. Keeping the kids happy Children love the small train and playgrounds in the Pavilion Gardens and there's plenty more to explore at the Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor play centre, plus the special events and workshops, and others during school holiday periods
（1）If you want to take an undergounld journey, which place is the best choice
A．Pole's Caven. B．Pavilion Gardens.
C．Buxton Museum. D．Green Man Gallery.
（2）Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers ________.
A．rides in small trains B．courses in modcm arts
C．artistic and cultural activities D．basic courses in horse riding
28．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone
National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had
not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been
known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy
features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting
magma (岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly.
In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part
of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet
high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and
was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of
these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however,
a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.
These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,
leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this
second type, but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by
taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the
copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice
blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the
photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole
park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion
had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too
huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past
Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything
known to humans.
（1）What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A．Its complicated geographical features.
B．Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C．The mysterious history of the park.
D．The exact location of the volcano.
（2）What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about
A．The shapes of volcanoes. B．The impacts of volcanoes.
C．The activities of volcanoes. D．The heights of volcanoes.
（3）What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean
A．Hot-air balloon. B．Digital camera.
C．Big photograph. D．Bird's view.
29．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet
has had more important influences than the washing machine Why does it matter
that people are more impressed by the most recent changes
It would not matter if these misjudgments
were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as
they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
The fascination with the ICT (Information
and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made
some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday"
that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial
society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.
Even more worryingly, the fascination with
the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community
to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and
the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to
developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The
question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the
most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging
wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing
machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a
laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not
saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have
rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term
costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
In yet another example, a fascination with
the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies
of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a
"borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many
people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the
result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying
to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an
end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital,
labour and goods, with poor results.
Understanding technological trends is very
important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and
the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual
level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of
what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong
directions.
（1）Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ________.
A．a lack of confidence in technology B．a slow progress in technology
C．a conflict of public opinions D．a waste of limited resources
（2）The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ________.
A．take people's essential needs into account
B．make their programmes attractive to people
C．ensure that each child gets financial support
D．provide more affordable internet facilities
（3）What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations
A．Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.
B．Believing that the world has become borderless.
C．Ignoring the power of economic development.
D．Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.
（4）What can we learn from the passage
A．People should be encouraged to make more donations.
B．Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.
C．Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.
D．Economic policies should follow technological trends.
30．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer
by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in
his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside
the family.
Melissa, his
daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep
catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist
to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's
best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed
willingness to help.
"Why do
this " Steve wondered.
"Because
she cares." Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears
in eye.
Naomi drove to
the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to
the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers
on the keys.
Naomi put a
small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart
sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
"It was
beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. "The music
was worth saving."
Her responsibility,
her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was sill in Steve Goodwin. It
was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve
met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily
on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard
in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time
to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi
spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a
song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with
Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could
write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a
recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it "Melancholy
Flower".
Naomi heard
multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni
called him "honey" and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and
Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her
husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed
to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi's
help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's
songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months
leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told
the director she had a special one in mind: "Melancholy Flower"
She told the
director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the
playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it
an honor.
After the
concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and
professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family
rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day
of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve
was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew
the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and
sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi
took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
（1）Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
（2）After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi ________.
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
（3）How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive. B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi. D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
（4）Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni ________.
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
（5）How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
（6）What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician D．The Value of Determination
六、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
31．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The
Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all human beings
share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to
walk upright on two legs.
The first unique human characteristic is
that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It
seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2.
Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of
our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more
must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
The fact is that a huge brain is a huge
drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I's not
easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain
accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's
energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their
large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly,
their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that
this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't
win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag
doll.
Another unique human characteristic is that
we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition,
their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes,
like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex
tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its disadvantage.
The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support
a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting
to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to
support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful
hands backaches and painful necks.
We assume that a large brain makes huge
advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful
animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2
million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus
humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone
tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.
The
Cost of Thinking
Introduction Large
brains for their bodies and the ability to walk upright are two 　 　 of human beings.
The
　 　 of
large human brains The
larger brains may not be better because of the cost. The
big brains make it harder for the body to move around and consume more
energy. The
animal brain requires less 　 　when
the body is at rest. Large
human brains consume more food, and weaken muscles.
The
　 　 of
walking upright Walking
upright makes it easy to find food or 　 　against enemies. Freed
hands can serve some 　 　
purpose and perform complex tasks.
Walking
upright challenges the human bone structure, and 　 　 the size of brains. Walking
upright results in 　 　
sufferings.
Conclusion
With a large brain, human beings 　 　 other beings in terms of intelligence.
Weak and marginal, human beings remained 　 　 of meat-eating animals.
七、书面表达（满分25分）
32．（2019·江苏）请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Jiang: Have you heard this A group of exchange
students from the UK are visiting our school next month.
Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional
Chinese dress for the welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua: What do you think
Li Jiang: I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity
to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.
Su Hua: I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's
not our daily style. Besides, it's not very convenient.
Li Jiang: You see. It's the Chinese culture that the
British friends are coming for. Just the right occasion.
Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also
a better display of our school culture.
【写作内容】①用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；②在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装 请说明理由（不少于两点）。
【写作要求】①写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；③不必写标题。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
6．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
【知识点】长对话
7．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
8．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
9．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】长对话
10．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】独白
11．【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only“是......多好”；B. as if“好像，仿佛”；C. even though“即使，尽管”；D. in case“以备，以防，免得”。故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，区分if only；as if；even though和in case的含义。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了满足新能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up“开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）”；B. clear up“整理，收拾，解决（问题）”；C. hold up“（论点、理论等） 站得住脚，阻挡，举起”；D. spring up“出现，涌现”。发电站需要被建立，故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take up；clear up；hold up和 spring up的含义。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】同位语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority“优先，优先权”；B. potential“潜力，潜能”；C. proportion“比例，占比”；D. pension“退休金，抚恤金”。旅游中美食美景是比较重要的，为优先，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分 priority；potential；proportion和pension的含义。
17．【答案】A
【知识点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：好的制度政策都会在激发员工的专业水平的提升上生效。A. in effect“生效”；B. in command“指挥”；C. in turn“轮流，依次”；D. in shape“在外形上，处于良好的状态”。故选A。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分 in effect；in command； in turn和in shape的含义。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual“偶然的，随便的”；B. regular“定期的，有规律的”；C. flexible“灵活的”；D. tight“紧的，密封的”。与传统体育锻炼做对比，有app软件的锻炼比较灵活，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分casual； regular； flexible和 tight的含义。
19．【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处是不定式作目的状语，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
21．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气与真实语气的混合使用；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及过去事实相反的假设。
22．【答案】A
【知识点】动词现在分词；独立主格结构
【解析】【分析】句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的独立主格结构。
23．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；将来完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及将来完成时的被动语态。
24．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling“像”；reflecting“反映”；reviewing“回顾”；restoring“恢复”。城市反映了人们的智慧和创造力，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分resemble；reflect；review和restore的含义。
25．【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。why bother“没有必要”；what for“为什么”；You got me there“你把我搞糊涂了”；You said it“你算说对了”。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。 故选D。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分 why bother？；what for？；You got me there和You said it的含义和使用环境。
26．【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）A
【知识点】科普环保类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。
（1）考查动词。A：growing“生长”；B：migrating“迁移，迁徙”；C：competing“竞争”；D：disappearing “消失”。根据“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。故选D。
（2）考查动词。A：ban“禁止”；B：save“挽救，节约”；C：split“分裂，分离”；D：remove “移除，去掉”。根据上文每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故选B。
（3）考查名词。A：abortion“流产，（计划等）失败”；B：recreation“娱乐，消遣”；C：reproduction“繁殖”；D：administration “管理”。根据上文科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指繁殖，故选C。
（4）考查名词。A：care“关心，照顾”；B：eye“眼”；C：mind“思维”；D：story “故事，经历”。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。
（5）考查动词。A：found“发现”；B：chosen“选择”；C：raised“升起，饲养”；D：seized“抓住”。根据下文“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故答案选C。
（6）考查名词。A：bonus“奖金，额外津贴，红利”；B：consequence“后果”；C：victory“胜利”；D：sacrifice “牺牲”。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。故选B。
（7）考查副词。A：never“从来不”；B：always“总是”；C：unluckily“不幸地是”；D：cheerfully“高高兴兴地”根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans…even …killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。
（8）考查动词。A：liked“喜欢”；B：refused“拒绝”；C：decided“决定”；D：hesitated“犹豫”。根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起。故选B。
（9）考查名词。A：gift“礼物，天赋”；B：skill“技能”；C：concern“关心，担心”；D：reputation “声誉”。根据“even（甚至）”这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而臭名昭著。故选D。
（10）考查形容词。A：illegal“非法的”；B：inspiring“鼓舞人心的”；C：important“重要的”；D：impossible“不可能的”。Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她不可能生育小鹤，成为妈妈。故选D。
（11）考查副词。A：Therefore“因此”；B：Moreover“而且”；C：However“但是，然而”；D：Instead “代替”。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。故选C。
（12）考查名词。A：combination“结合”；B：collection“收集，收藏”；C：strategy“策略，战略”；D：system “机制”。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起。故选A。
（13）考查动词。A：forced“强迫”；B：forbade“禁止”；C：taught“教”；D：enabled “使能够”。Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.固定短语，“使……能够做某事”，故选D。
（14）考查形容词。A：defeated“战败的”；B：grateful“感激的”；C：assured确定的，有把握的，自信的”；D：tolerant“容忍的”。根据下文“ more efforts must be made”可知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。
（15）考查名（代）词。A：it“它”；B：rise“提升”；C：agenda“代办处”；D：decline“下降，减少”。根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故选D。
（16）考查介词短语。A：In contrast“对比”；B：After all“毕竟，终究”；C：By the way“顺便说一下”；D：On the contrary “相反”。根据上文：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故选B。
（17）考查动词。A：leave“离开，留下”；B：bridge“架桥，渡过”；C：open“打开”；D：identify “确定，鉴定”。针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？故选B。
（18）考查名词。A：course“过程，课程”；B：excuse“借口”；C：answer“回答”；D：reward“奖赏”。上文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。选C。
（19）考查名词。A：brains“大脑”；B：behaviors“表现，行为”；C：services“服务”；D：projects “工程，项目”。根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。故选A。
（20）考查名词。A：guide“向导”；B：treat“请客”；C：example“例子”；D：companion “伙伴”。根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的大脑掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向游客介绍了去布克斯顿旅游可以去的一些景点的相关信息。
（1）细节理解题。根据High energy部分中的“...... journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern”可知，在 Poole's Cavern，可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地铁旅行。所以如果你想乘地铁旅行，Poole's Cavern是你最好的选择。选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据High minded部分中的“Buxton is justifiably proud of it's cultural life and you will find much to suit all tastes with art ,music,opera,and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery”可知，Buxton 以其丰富的文化生活而自豪，在Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery，您将发现许多适合各种品味的艺术、音乐、歌剧和表演艺术。所以Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center特别是因为它提供艺术和文化活动。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
28．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
29．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, they have reak impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. ”可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.”可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段“In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". 以及Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.”可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段“The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.”可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故可知，传统的技术依然有它的地位，不能被新兴的信息技术取代，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
30．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段中的“Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.”可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第十段中的“‘it was beautiful,' Naomi said after listening to the recording. ‘ the music was worth saving.'”可知，听了录音之后Naomi说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第十二段中的“He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.”以及第十三段中的“Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn't play it.”可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段“Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs.”可知作品很多。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十六段中的“Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't. ”以及下文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.”可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
（6）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
31．【答案】characteristics；disadvantages；energy；impact(s)；guard；other；limits；physical；beat；fearful/afraid
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。
（1）信息归纳题。根据第一段“all human beings share defining characteristics ,such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。
（2）信息归纳题。此题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。
（3）信息来源题。根据第三段中的“a huge brain is a huge drain--consumption of energy ”以及“It (the brain) consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.By comparison the brains of apes require only 8% of rest- time energy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。 当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。故填energy。
（4）信息归纳题。分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。
（5）信息转换题。根据第五段的第一句“Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guard against...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故填guard。
（6）信息来源题。根据第五段中的”...their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes ,like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands. ”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。
（7）信息归纳题。根据第五段“walking upright has disadvantages. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on four and a relative small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge , especially when the bones had to support an extra -large skull.” 可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。
（8）信息转换题。根据第六段“..., Humankind paid for its vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.” 可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。
（9）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故填beat。
（10）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“...humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat--eating animals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。
【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。
32．【答案】 Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to
wear when greeting the British students. Li suggests traditional Chinese
clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable.
I prefer the school uniform to the
traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month. Although the
traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little
bit strange to walk around in it. We feel at ease in our school uniforms every
day. What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique
culture of our school. From the design and colour of our uniforms, the British
friends will learn more about our school. Besides, the choice of the
traditional Chinese dress means extra money, and extra time, for we have to
change it back after the event.
So the school uniforms are a better choice
than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.
【知识点】半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇读写作文，即先用30词概括阅读材料，然后针对材料中的话题写一篇议论文谈看法。首先要认真阅读有关中国传统服饰的对话，进行分析和归纳，表明态度，作出价值判断。然后写你对穿中国传统服装的看法，表明观点，注意用2-3个论据来支撑自己的看法。首先在概括要点时，要抓住要点，语言精炼。本文所给材料是描述某种现象，那么就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。第二步是提出自己的观点并加以论证。首先提出自己的观点，之后用论据来证明自己的观点，结尾要总结要点，与自己的观点句相呼应，使读者对主题有深刻的印象。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when greeting the British students.运用了“连接词+不定式”作宾语； Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable.运用了对比并列句和宾语从句； Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it.运用了让步状语从句； Besides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.运用了因果并列句。
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