(共94张PPT)
[单元主题语境]
人与社会之对社会有突出贡献的人物
(2020·高考天津卷)
话题：人与陌生人 词数：342 难度：★★★
Detective
Ashley
Jones
works
at
a
police
department
in
England.He
has
recently
made
a
significant
____________—loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes,
but
it
can
be
____________
in
a
clever
way.The
____________？Chat
benches.
16
17
18
Jones
got
the
idea
after
he
had
talked
with
an
elderly
lady
who
had
been
cheated
of
her
____________.The
lady
would
get
a
call
from
a
stranger
every
morning
who
____________
made
her
believe
that
he
was
her
friend,
and
then
she
lent
him
about
￡31,000.Jones
was
____________
when
she
said
that
she
didn't
actually
____________
being
cheated.“Otherwise,
I
would
never
speak
to
another
person
for
weeks
on
end，”
she
said.
19
20
21
22
This
led
Jones
to
the
conclusion
that
there
are
too
many
extremely
____________
people
in
his
community,
who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating.So
he
____________
to
do
something
about
it.He
____________
the
police
department
to
allow
him
to
____________
a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.Then
he
hung
a
colorful
sign
on
each
of
the
benches
that
____________：“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”．Just
a
few
days
after
the
signs
went
up,
he
found
people
sitting
there
and
engaging
in
active
and
____________
conversations.
23
24
25
26
27
28
The
idea
is
catching
on
____________.There
are
now
over
40
chat
benches
throughout
England.More
new
chat
benches
have
sprung
up
across
the
UK
and
beyond.All
who
participated
have
gained
a(n)
____________
outcome
from
getting
involved.Jones'
idea
has
been
fully
____________—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help
____________
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
This
effort
is
not
just
a(n)
____________
at
being
community
minded—it's
also
a
____________
measure.It
prevents
people
who
are
cut
off
from
society
falling
victim
to
cheaters.
29
30
31
32
33
34
The
Chat
Bench
is
a
fantastic
new
project
that
____________
those
of
all
ages
to
interact
and
get
to
know
each
other
in
the
future.
[语篇解读] 本篇完形填空文章主讲“人与陌生人”专题。文章主要描述作者Ashley
Jones为了防止那些不善言谈与社会脱轨的人被骗子欺骗或走向犯罪，从而举办了“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”的公益活动。该活动反响很好，让不同年龄段的人都可以参与其中并在将来互相了解。
35
16．A.choice
B．discovery
C．visit
D．promise
解析：根据破折号后的内容可知，侦探阿什利·琼斯发现(make
a
discovery)孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方式来预防。make
a
choice做出选择；make
a
visit参观，拜访；make
a
promise做出承诺。
答案：B
17．A.experienced
B．suffered
C．prevented
D．felt
解析：根据空格前的but与空格后的in
a
clever
way及“Chat
benches.”可知，虽然孤独会导致很多问题，但可以通过聊天长椅来预防(prevent)。
答案：C
18．A.solution
B．puzzle
C．excuse
D．intention
解析：空格后提到的聊天长椅也就是上文提到的a
clever
way，是孤独问题的解决方法(solution)。
答案：A
19．A.pleasure
B．prize
C．credit
D．money
解析：由下文的she
lent
him
about
￡31,000可知，这位老妇人被骗了钱(money)。
答案：D
20．A.eventually
B．frequently
C．previously
D．occasionally
解析：根据上文的“The
lady
would
get
a
call
from
a
stranger
every
morning...”可知，这位老妇人每天早晨会收到一个陌生人的电话，他最终(eventually)让老妇人相信他是她的朋友。frequently频繁地；previously以前；occasionally偶尔，间或。
答案：A
21．A.ashamed
B．shocked
C．excited
D．amused
解析：由空格后的she
didn't
actually
____________
being
cheated及I
would
never
speak
to
another
person
for
weeks
on
end可知，老妇人虽然被骗，但她实际上对此并不是很在意，这让阿什利·琼斯感到很震惊(shocked)。
答案：B
22
22．A.mind
B．forgive
C．risk
D．enjoy
解析：根据空格后提到的“否则，我不会连续几个星期都和另一个人说话”可知，老妇人其实并不介意(mind)被骗。
答案：A
23．A.active
B．lonely
C．cautious
D．stubborn
解析：文章第一段提到孤独可能带来的问题及解决方法，第二段给出了孤独的老妇人不介意被骗的例子。结合空格后的who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating可知，阿什利·琼斯意识到，他的社区里极其孤独的(lonely)人很容易成为行骗的目标。
答案：B
24．A.learned
B．refused
C．pretended
D．decided
解析：上文提到阿什利·琼斯得出了结论，所以他决定(decide)对此做点什么。
答案：D
25．A.forced
B．ordered
C．convinced
D．taught
解析：由空格后的allow
him可知，阿什利·琼斯应是说服(convince)警察局允许他在当地两个公园里设置聊天长椅。
答案：C
26．A.put
away
B．make
out
C．tear
apart
D．set
up
解析：根据下文的people
sitting
there可知，阿什利·琼斯获得了警察局的允许，在当地的两个公园里设置(set
up)了聊天长椅。put
away储存，放好；make
out辨认出，理解；tear
apart把……撕成碎片，使……分裂。
答案：D
27．A.read
B．claimed
C．meant
D．implied
解析：根据空格后的“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”可知，这是彩色标牌上写(read)的内容。英语中表示“……上写的是……”用read。
答案：A
28．A.formal
B．joyful
C．awkward
D．crazy
解析：空格前的and连接两个表达相同感彩的词，均用来修饰conversations。由active可知，人们进行着积极愉快的(joyful)谈话。
答案：B
29．A.randomly
B．slowly
C．quickly
D．purposefully
解析：根据空格后的“There
are
now
over
40
chat
benches
throughout
England.”可知，现在英国有40多把聊天长椅，故此处表示“聊天长椅的理念很快(quickly)流行了起来”。
答案：C
30．A.positive
B．disappointing
C．correct
D．embarrassing
解析：由上一段中的active
and
____________
conversations及空格所在段的the“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”benches
help可知，聊天过程是快乐的，所有参与长椅聊天的人都获得了积极的(positive)结果。
答案：A
28
31．A.realized
B．examined
C．discussed
D．formed
解析：根据上文提到的聊天长椅的流行与人们获得的积极的结果及空格后的help与the
invisible
social
barrier可知，阿什利·琼斯希望通过聊天长椅来解决孤独问题的想法实现(realize)了。
答案：A
32．A.break
down
B．put
up
C．keep
off
D．take
out
解析：根据上文提到的聊天长椅使人们获得了积极的结果及空格后提到的the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello可知，“快乐聊天”长椅帮助人们打破(break
down)阻碍人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。put
up建造，提供；keep
off使不接近；take
out取出。
答案：A
33．A.glance
B．attempt
C．knock
D．attack
解析：上文提到阿什利·琼斯意识到孤独会导致很多问题，所以他努力找到了一种解决问题的方法。最后一段中的a
fantastic
new
project表明聊天长椅是一个很棒的新项目。综合上下文内容可知，聊天长椅是解决孤独问题的一种崭新的尝试(attempt)。
答案：B
34．A.heart?breaking
B．risk?taking
C．face?saving
D．crime?cutting
解析：由空格后的“It
prevents
people
who
are
cut
off
from
society
falling
victim
to
cheaters.”可知，聊天长椅可以防止那些与社会隔绝的人成为骗子的受害者。由此可知，聊天长椅不仅仅是一种具有社区意识的尝试，也是减少犯罪(crime?cutting)的一种措施。
答案：D
35．A.forbids
B．appoints
C．encourages
D．troubles
解析：由空格前的a
fantastic
new
project及空格后的in
the
future可知，聊天长椅是一个很棒的新项目，它鼓励(encourage)所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流，彼此了解。
答案：C
一、语言能力
熟词生义/
词类活用
1．contribute
to
__________
2．on
end
______
3．target
n．____________________
4．catch
on
____
5．spring
up
________________
6．measure
n．____
促进，导致
连续地
(攻击的)目标，对象
流行
出现，涌现，萌芽
措施
二、思维品质
1．完形填空技巧——利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。第23题可用词汇复现法解题。根据第一段loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes，可知，此处选择B项。
2．分析长难句并翻译句子
This
led
Jones
to
the
conclusion
that
there
are
too
many
extremely
lonely
people
in
his
community，who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating.
[分析]该句是一个主从复合句。that
there
are
too
many
extremely
lonely
people
in
his
community是that引导的__________，是对the
conclusion进一步的解释说明。who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating是who引导的
________________，对people进行补充说明。
同位语从句
非限制性定语从句
[翻译]________________________________________________________
三、文化素养
思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你从Ashley
Jones
身上学到了什么？
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极其孤独的人，他们
很容易成为行骗的目标。
我们应该学习Ashley
Jones身上的助人为乐的思想品质，构建良好的人
际关系，培养优秀的社会交往能力。
NO.1 单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多
01核心单词…………………………………………
[先识记]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．__________
numbers
of
men
and
women
男女人数相同
2．____________
your
attention
to
work
专心于工作
3．______________
the
public教育大众
equal
devote
educate
4．__________
a
business创业
5．________
on
the
plan投票表决这一计划
6．____________
into
the
forest逃进森林
7．______
for
forgiveness乞求原谅
8．a
____________
for
hard
work努力工作的回报
9．an
____________
on
a
driver对司机的袭击
10．a
________
man吝啬的人，小气的人
found
vote
escape
beg
reward
attack
mean
11．a
________________
contributor慷慨的捐助者
12．a
__________
holiday法定假日
13．agree
with
his
______________同意他的意见
14．improve
the
______________
of
life提高生活质量
generous
legal
opinion
quality
[再拓展]
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．You
should
take
an
____________
part
in
all
the
_____________
_______
in
your
school.(active)
2．He
criticized
__________________
that
the
government
did
little
to
stop
the
________________
in
the
country.(violent)
3．Everyone
likes
to
live
in
__________，but
it
seems
that
the
world
is
always
not
________________.(peace)
active
activities
violently
violence
peace
peaceful
4．People
who
are
well
________________
will
be
respected
by
everyone，so
__________________
is
of
great
significance
to
us.(educate)
5．The
old
teacher
______________
all
his
life
to
educating
his
_________
_____
students
and
he
was
admired
for
his
________________
to
his
education
cause.(devote)
6．We
know
from
the
daily
__________
report
that
the
former
president
had
something
to
do
with
the
______________
organization
and
was
put
into
prison.(legal)
educated
education
devoted
devoted
devotion
legal
illegal
7．All
men
are
born
__________，so
everyone
hopes
to
be
treated
______________
because
________________
is
the
basic
demand.(equal)
02阅读单词…………………………………………
标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆
□blanket □terror □republic □principle
□mankind
□lawyer
□league
□quote
□livelihood
□invader
□release
□passbook
□giant
□leap
equal
equally
equality
NO.2 短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累
[必会短语]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．________________
在某人看来
2．__________________________
当权；上台
3．______________________________________
事实上
4．______________
the
balloon给气球充气
5．______________
him
for
help求助于他
in
one's
opinion
come
to
power
as
a
matter
of
fact
blow
up
turn
to
6．____________
factories开办工厂
7．__________________________
forgive
me肯原谅我
8．______________________________
death被处以死刑
9．be
______________________
for
a
year失业一年
10．be
__________________
for
five
years在监狱服刑五年
11．help
others
____________________帮助有困难的人
12．be
easy
to
____________________容易丧失信心
set
up
be
willing
to
be
sentenced
to
out
of
work
in
prison
in
trouble
lose
heart
[词汇积累]
1．后缀?ance高频名词全接触
①guidance指导 ②importance重要
③ignorance无知
④significance意义
⑤appearance出现
⑥tolerance宽容
2．“奖；奖赏”家族
①reward
vt.酬劳；奖赏
n．报酬；奖金
②award
vt.授予；奖给
n．奖品；奖金
③prize
n．奖金；奖品
④bonus
n．奖金；红利
3．“in＋n.(抽象名词)”短语面面观
①in
trouble在困境中
②in
danger处于危险中
③in
return作为回报
④in
detail详细地
⑤in
order井然有序
⑥in
power当权
NO.3 句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通
请根据提示完成下列句子
1．主语(时间或地点名词)＋see/witness/find...＋宾语
上星期天，我们学校举行了一场非同寻常的越野赛跑，几乎引起了全校师生的注意。
Last
Sunday
_________________________________________________，which
nearly
drew
the
attention
of
every
student
and
teacher
of
our
school.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
witnessed
an
extraordinary
cross?country
running
race
2．only修饰状语放在句首，主谓部分倒装
只有当你来中国的时候你才能体验中国的饮食文化。
______________________________________________________
Chinese
food
culture.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
3．do/does/did强调谓语动词
有了勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。
With
bravery
and
perseverance，I
__________________________________.
Only
when
you
come
to
China
can
you
experience
did
make
rapid
progress
4．the
first
time
“第一次……”，引导时间状语从句
第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。
____________________________________________________________，we
all
felt
very
depressed，because
we
all
had
been
devoted
to
making
full
preparations
for
it.
The
first
time
we
lost
the
match
1．devote
vt.
献身；专心于
[文化金句]
She
devoted
all
her
life
to
carrying
out
the
research
on
the
Dream
of
Red
Mansions，which
is
a
master?piece
of
classical
Chinese
literature.
她一生致力于《红楼梦》的研究，该书是中国传统文学的代表作。
[归纳拓展]
(1)devote
oneself
to献身于……；致力于……；专心于……
devote...to...把……用于……；把……献给……
(2)devoted
adj.忠实的；深爱的
be
devoted
to深爱；致力于；专心于
(3)devotion
n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①The
teacher
devoted
all
his
spare
time
to
______________
(help)
his
students
with
their
English.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
②He
is
a
______________
(devote)
father
because
he
was
strict
with
his
daughter
and
encouraged
her
when
she
was
in
trouble.
③We
have
learned
a
great
deal
from
her
________________
(devote)
to
her
work
and
her
willingness
to
help
others.
helping
devoted
devotion
能力提升——句型转换
He
is
devoted
to
scientific
research
wholeheartedly，so
he
spends
little
time
with
his
family.
→④___________________________________________________________，he
spends
little
time
with
his
family.(过去分词短语作状语)
Devoted
to
scientific
research
wholeheartedly
→⑤__________________________________________________，he
spends
little
time
with
his
family.(现在分词短语作状语)
[实战贴士]
devote...to...中的to为介词，后跟名词或动名词。类似短语还包括：look
forward
to
期盼；get/settle
down
to
开始着手做；be/get
used/accustomed
to
习惯于；pay
attention
to注意。
Devoting
himself
to
scientific
research
wholeheartedly
2．equal
adj.
相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的
vt.
等于；抵得上
n.
同等的人；相等物
[写作佳句]
Men
and
women
should
be
treated
equally.If
a
woman
is
equal
to
a
job
like
a
man，she
should
receive
equal
income.
男士和女士应当平等对待。如果一位女士能像男士一样胜任某一工作，这位女士就应当得到相同的收入。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
equal
to
(doing)
sth.等于/胜任(做)……
be
equal
in在……方面比得上
(2)equal
sb./sth.in
(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)equality
n．平等
equally
adv.相等地；同等地；均等地
(4)without
equal无与伦比
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/补全句子
①I
don't
think
he
is
equal
to
__________
(do)
this
kind
of
work，so
I
can't
hire
him.
②Your
personal
circumstances
are
______________(equal)
important.For
example，you
may
want
to
be
a
pilot
but
can't
become
one
because
your
eyesight
is
not
good
enough.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)
③In
fact，when
it
comes
to
the
art
of
war，ants
________________
(无人能敌)．
doing
equally
have
no
equal
能力提升——一句多译
尽管我年轻，但我能胜任这个志愿者工作。(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
④Young
as
I
am，I
________________________________.(equal)
⑤Young
as
I
am，I
_____________________________.(fit)
⑥Young
as
I
am，I
____________________________________.(qualified)
[实战贴士]
表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：①be
up
to ②be
fit
for ③be
qualified
for ④be
suitable
for
am
equal
to
the
volunteer
work
am
fit
for
the
volunteer
work
am
qualified
for
the
volunteer
work
3．escape
vi.&
vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘
n.
逃脱；逃跑
[写作佳句]
The
boy
had
a
narrow
escape
when
he
ran
across
in
front
of
the
bus.
这个男孩在公共汽车前穿过时差点被撞死。
[归纳拓展]
(1)escape
(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事
escape
from从……逃脱；逃避
(2)fire
escape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口
a
narrow
escape九死一生；死里逃生
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Last
year
I
had
__
narrow
escape，and
I
don't
want
to
risk
my
life
a
second
time.
②It
is
said
that
he
narrowly
escaped
________________________
(kill)
in
the
traffic
accident
the
other
day.
③I'm
sorry，but
your
name
escapes
me.vt.被遗忘
a
being
killed
能力提升——补全句子/句式升级
④The
woman
managed
to
________________________________________
(逃离火灾)
with
her
baby.She
was
extremely
terrified
and
exhausted.
→The
woman
managed
to
___________________________________
_______________________________________.(形容词短语作状语)
[实战贴士]
(1)escape本身即为“离开”的意思，后面不需加away或off等。(2)escape意为“被……遗忘；没有被……注意到”时，用sth.escape
sb.结构表示。
escape
from
the
fire
escape
from
the
fire
with
her
baby，
extremely
terrified
and
exhausted
4．reward
n.
报酬；奖金
vt.
酬劳；奖赏
[写作佳句]
You
mentioned
that
you
could
teach
me
English
as
a
reward，which
is
exactly
what
I
want.
你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。
[归纳拓展]
(1)as
a
reward
(for...)作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏
in
reward
for为酬谢……；作为……的奖励
(2)reward
sb.with...for
sth.为某事而用……酬谢某人
(3)rewarding
adj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
________________________________
(reward)
with
success
in
the
end.
②Every
one
of
us
considered
the
picking
both
meaningful
and
__________
________
(reward),
for
we
not
only
gained
the
knowledge
of
gardening
but
also
had
a
better
understanding
of
nature.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)
③However，we
are
not
all
using
the
same
reference
standard
to
weigh
risks
and
______________
(reward)．
will
be
rewarded
rewarding
rewards
能力提升——一句多译
我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。
④I'm
more
than
willing
to
show
you
around
Beijing
__________________
_________________________________________________.(reward
n．)
⑤I'm
more
than
willing
to
show
you
around
Beijing
__________________
______________________________________________.(reward
n．)
⑥I'm
more
than
willing
to
show
you
around
Beijing
_________________
___________________________________________________.(reward
vt.)
as
a
reward
for
your
generous
help
in
reward
for
your
generous
help
to
reward
you
for
your
generous
help
5．in
trouble
有麻烦；处于困难中
[写作佳句]
Some
people
always
stick
to
their
views，even
if
it
means
that
they
may
be
in
trouble.
一些人总是坚持自己的观点，即使这意味着他们可能会遇到麻烦。
[归纳拓展]ask
for
trouble自找麻烦；自讨苦吃
get
into
trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦
have
trouble
(in)
doing
sth./with
sth.在做某事方面有困难/麻烦
take
the
trouble
to
do
sth.不怕费事或困难尽力做某事
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①If
you
are
____
trouble,
Mike
is
always
willing
to
lend
you
a
hand.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
②Whenever
we
have
trouble
________
our
studies，our
teachers
always
help
us
patiently.
③You
can't
imagine
the
trouble
I
had
____________________
(persuade)
him
to
change
his
mind.
in
with
persuading
能力提升——完成句子
④I
have
a
good
command
of
English.Therefore，I
__________________
______________________________________________________________
with
our
distinguished
guests
efficiently.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
我英语掌握得很好，因此我在和尊贵的客人进行有效交流时没有任何困难。
have
no
trouble
in
communicating
6．turn
to
求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；开始从事；查阅；转向
[写作佳句]
Only
when
he
turned
to
the
computer
was
it
possible
for
him
to
speak，read
and
write.只有当他求助于计算机时，他才有可能说、读、写。
[归纳拓展]
turn
down关小；拒绝
turn
away拒绝……入内；把……打发走
turn
up出现；露面；调大
turn
out证明是；结果是；赶走；生产
turn
over打翻；翻身；移交
[实战演练]
基础练透——一词多义
①I
still
want
to
have
my
parents
to
turn
to
whenever
I
need
help.______
②After
he
left
university
he
became
a
teacher，but
later
turned
to
journalism.________
③You
shouldn't
always
turn
to
the
dictionary
when
you
meet
new
words
in
reading.____
④Follow
the
main
road
until
it
branches
and
then
turn
to
the
left.____
求助于
开始从事
查阅
转向
能力提升——完成句子
⑤Some
compromises
were
unavoidable，but
the
video
________________.
一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频的结果很完美。
7．lose
heart
丧失勇气或信心；灰心；泄气
[写作佳句]
He
didn't
lose
heart，and
finally
enjoyed
success
in
his
drama.
他没有灰心，最终在他的戏剧中获得了成功。
turned
out
perfect
[归纳拓展]
put
one's
heart
into一心扑在……上
learn
sth.by
heart背诵；记牢……
strike...into
one's
heart使……刻骨铭心
heart
and
soul全心全意地
from
the
bottom
of
sb.'s
heart从某人的心底
[实战演练]
基础练透——用heart的相关短语填空
①Our
Party
was
founded
in
1921，since
when
she
has
been
serving
the
people
____________________________.
②As
an
old
saying
goes，“Nothing
is
too
hard
if
you
_______________
_______________________
it.”
③Although
he
was
out
of
work，he
decided
to
start
a
new
business
instead
of
________________________.
heart
and
soul
put
your
heart
into
losing
heart
能力提升——完成句子
④As
little
boys
and
girls
have
a
very
good
memory，they
______________________________________________________________
(能记住很多英语单词)．
⑤_________________________________________________
(衷心感谢)for
your
generous
donations.
can
learn
a
great
many
English
words
by
heart
Thank
you
from
the
bottom
of
my
heart
8．主语(表事物)＋see/witness/find...＋宾语；where引导的定语从句
[教材原句]
The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress，until
today
we
have
reached
a
stage
where
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
[归纳拓展]
(1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹，发生，经历”了某事。
(2)与see用法相同的动词有find，witness，say，experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。
(3)先行词是stage，situation，case，point，position等表抽象地点的词，且从句中缺状语时，应用where/in
which引导该定语从句。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①Imagine
that
you
are
in
a
situation
__________
no
one
believes
in
you.
②History
__________________________
(witness)the
endless
productions
of
Shakespearean
plays
in
every
major
language
of
the
world.
能力提升——完成句子
③________________________________________________
for
all
of
us.(witness)
在茶室里我们大家度过了一段愉快的时光。
where
has
witnessed
The
tea
house
witnessed
a
really
enjoyable
time
9．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式
[文化金句]
Only
by
reading
the
Analects
of
Confucius
can
we
fully
understand
Confucius'
thoughts.
只有通过阅读《论语》，
我们才能全面地理解孔子的思想。
[归纳拓展]
only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Only
when
she
turned
to
her
father
for
help
______
the
girl
settle
the
problem
at
last.
②Only
by
understanding
and
learning
from
each
other
________________
____________________________________________________________
(我们才能开心度过那些日子)．
did
can
we
spend
those
days
together
happily
能力提升——句式升级
③You
can
use
a
fire
extinguisher
only
if
you
have
been
trained
to
do
so.
→_______________________________________________________________
a
fire
extinguisher.(用倒装句式升级)
[实战贴士]
(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only
放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
Only
if
you
have
been
trained
to
do
so
can
you
use
10．the
first
time
引导的时间状语从句
[教材原句]
I
felt
bad
the
first
time
I
talked
to
a
group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。
the
first
time
表示“第一次”，在句中作连词，引导时间状语从句。与the
first
time有类似用法的词语还有：
[实战演练]
基础练透——选词填空(for
the
first
time/the
first
time)
①He
became
interested
in
the
young
teacher's
lesson
__________________
__________
he
attended
his
class.He
was
so
excited
in
class
_____________
_______________________.
the
first
time
for
the
first
time
能力提升——完成句子
②___________________________________________，they
were
living
in
a
small
house
with
dogs，ducks，and
other
animals.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
我第一次去那里时，他们住在一个小房子里，有狗、鸭子和其他动物。
③___________________________________________________
______
in
the
park，he
is
absorbed
in
reading
newspapers.
每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。
The
first
time
I
went
there
Every/Each
time
I
see
the
old
man
[实战贴士]
the
first
time
表示“第一次”，在句中用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for
the
first
time
表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。
[教材与高考]
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词
1．阅读词汇认知
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Do
you
want
to
be
a
good
public
speaker?
Here
are
some
principles
you
must
master.
.
n．原则
②(2020·高考江苏卷)In
rural
areas，where
ambulances
can
take
a
relatively
long
time
to
arrive，the
phone
boxes
have
taken
on
a
lifesaving
role.ad
.
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)A
lunchtime
escape
allows
her
to
keep
a
boss
from
tapping
her
on
the
shoulder.
She
returns
to
work
feeling
energized.
.
④(辽宁卷)
But
a
few
years
ago,
scientists
tried
to
find
out
how
long
the
human
brain
could
labor
without
reaching
a
stage
of
fatigue
(疲劳)．
.
v.相对地
n.逃避
n.阶段
2．一词多义
①(2019·高考天津卷)Their
child
is
at
the
stage
where
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.__
A．舞台
B．
阶段；时期
②(全国卷Ⅰ)There
is
also
L'Enigme
sans
Fin
from
1938,
works
on
paper,
objects,
and
projects
for
stage
and
screen
and
selected
parts
from
television
programmes
reflecting
the
artist's
showman
qualities.__
A．舞台
B．
阶段；时期
B
A
Ⅱ.语言运用高频点
1．语法填空
①(2020·高考北京卷)Last
Saturday
our
school
organized
an
________________
(active)
entitled
“Learning
from
Farmers”．
②(2020·高考浙江卷)Therefore，they
don't
have
time
to
learn
how
to
read
or
write
and
don't
get
an
__________________
(educate)．
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)__________________
(hopeful)，you
could
consider
my
application
and
give
me
a
chance.
activity
education
Hopefully
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Matilda's
battles
with
her
cruel
parents
and
the
bossy
headmistress，Miss
Trunchbull，are
______________
(equal)
funny
and
frightening，but
they're
also
aspirational.
⑤(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
______________________
(reward)
with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice.
equally
be
rewarded
2．完形填空
①(2019·高考浙江卷)There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
awareness
for
a
cause.Usually，the
stranger
the
idea
is，the
more
it
gets
noticed.And
that's
precisely
why
one
garbage?eating
Frenchman
has
caught
our
attention.
Baptiste
Dubanchet
is
biking
across
Europe，surviving
entirely
on
discarded
(丢弃)
food.The
three?month,1,900?mile
journey
from
Paris
to
Warsaw
is
Dubanchet's
____________
of
raising
awareness
of
food
waste
in
Europe
and
throughout
the
world.
A．purpose
B．way
C．opinion
D．dream
39
解析：由选文第一段第一句“There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
awareness
for
a
cause.(引起人们对一项事业的关注有很多种方式)”可知，从巴黎到华沙，历时三个月，骑行1
900英里，这就是Dubanchet引起欧洲和世界对食物浪费这一现象的关注的方式(way)。purpose“目的”；opinion“观点”；dream“梦想”。
答案：B
②(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)．..More
than
that，I'd
always
wanted
to
learn
chess.And，even
if
I
weren't
excited
enough
about
free
credits，news
about
our
instructor
was
appealing
enough
to
me.He
was
an
international
grandmaster，which
____________
I
would
be
learning
from
one
of
the
game's
best.I
could
hardly
wait
to
meet
him.
A．urged
B．demanded
C．held
D．meant
45
解析：国际象棋课程的导师是一位国际象棋大师，这就意味着(meant)“我”将跟随下国际象棋最好的人之一学习。urge“催促，极力主张”；demand
“(坚决)要求”；hold
“抓住，使保持”。
答案：D
Ⅲ.书面表达亮点练
1．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)因此，我可以作为一名志愿者，带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。(equal)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)我们学校在过去几年里发生了很大的变化。(witness)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So
I
can
serve
as
a
volunteer
to
guide
the
visitors
round
the
gallery
and
I
am
convinced
that
I
am
equal
to
the
job.
Our
school
has
witnessed
great
changes
in
the
last
few
years.
3．(湖南卷)不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。(倒装)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There's
no
denying
that
only
if
we
deal
with
and
overcome
large
numbers
of
difficulties
in
a
correct
way
will
we
achieve
our
dreams.
[素养与落实]
用本单元所学词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jack在给你的邮件中提到他对古代“丝绸之路”很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位对丝绸之路的开拓有重大影响的中国人物。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.该人物是谁；2.该人物的主要经历及贡献；3.该人物对你的影响。
Step
1 补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①听说您对丝绸之路很感兴趣，我想向您介绍张骞，他是丝绸之路最有影响力开拓者之一。(分词作状语＋同位语)
________________________________________________，I'd
like
to
introduce
Zhang
Qian，_________________________________________.
②张骞是汉朝伟大的旅行家和探险家，曾两次被派往西域。(定语从句)
Zhang
Qian
was
a
great
traveler
and
explorer
during
the
Han
Dynasty
___________________________________________________________.
Learning
you
are
interested
in
the
Silk
Road
one
of
the
most
influential
explorers
of
the
Silk
Road
who
was
sent
to
the
western
regions
twice
③他为开辟汉朝通往西域的中西路线做出了巨大贡献。
__________________________________________________________
the
east?west
route.
It
connected
China'
Han
with
the
western
regions.
④他将丝绸等产品介绍到西方，并带回许多国外的新产品和技术。
_______________________________________________
and
brought
back
many
new
products
and
knowledge
of
technologies
of
the
outside
world.
He
made
great
contributions
to
opening
He
introduced
silk
and
other
products
to
the
west
⑤他所做的一切鼓励我学好英语，成为中国和世界之间的桥梁。(主语从句)
______________________________________________________________
in
order
to
be
a
bridge
between
China
and
the
world.
What
he
did
encourages
me
to
learn
English
well
Step
2 升级平淡句
利用定语从句升级句③
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
He
made
great
contributions
to
opening
the
east?west
route
which
connected
China'
Han
with
the
western
regions.(共75张PPT)
[单元主题语境]
人与自然之自然灾害与防范，安全意识与自我保护
(全国卷Ⅱ)
话题：失败的南极航行 词数：278 难度：★★★★★
A
new
collection
of
photos
brings
an
unsuccessful
Antarctic
voyage
back
to
life.
Frank
Hurley's
pictures
would
be
outstanding—undoubtedly
first?rate
photo?journalism—if
they
had
been
made
last
week.In
fact，they
were
shot
from
1914
through
1916，most
of
them
after
a
disastrous
shipwreck
(海难)，by
a
cameraman
who
had
no
reasonable
expectation
of
survival.Many
of
the
images
were
stored
in
an
ice
chest，under
freezing
water，in
the
damaged
wooden
ship.
The
ship
was
the
Endurance，a
small，tight，Norwegian?built
three?master
that
was
intended
to
take
Sir
Ernest
Shackleton
and
a
small
crew
of
seamen
and
scientists,27
men
in
all，to
the
southernmost
shore
of
Antarctica's
Weddell
Sea.From
that
point
Shackleton
wanted
to
force
a
passage
by
dog
sled
(雪橇)
across
the
continent.The
journey
was
intended
to
achieve
more
than
what
Captain
Robert
Falcon
Scott
had
done.Captain
Scott
had
reached
the
South
Pole
early
in
1912
but
had
died
with
his
four
companions
on
the
march
back.
As
writer
Caroline
Alexander
makes
clear
in
her
forceful
and
well?researched
story
The
Endurance，adventuring
was
even
then
a
thoroughly
commercial
effort.Scott's
last
journey，completed
as
he
lay
in
a
tent
dying
of
cold
and
hunger，caught
the
world's
imagination，and
a
film
made
in
his
honor
drew
crowds.Shackleton，a
onetime
British
merchant?navy
officer
who
had
got
to
within
100
miles
of
the
South
Pole
in
1908，started
a
business
before
his
1914
voyage
to
make
money
from
movie
and
still
photography.Frank
Hurley，a
confident
and
gifted
Australian
photographer
who
knew
the
Antarctic，was
hired
to
make
the
images，most
of
which
have
never
before
been
published.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
13．What
do
we
know
about
the
photos
taken
by
Hurley?
A．They
were
made
last
week.
B．They
showed
undersea
sceneries.
C．They
were
found
by
a
cameraman.
D．They
recorded
a
disastrous
adventure.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句可知，这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险，故选D项。
答案：D
14．Who
reached
the
South
Pole
first
according
to
the
text?
A．Frank
Hurley.
B．Ernest
Shackleton.
C．Robert
Falcon
Scott.
D．Caroline
Alexander.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert
Falcon
Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert
Falcon
Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。
答案：C
15．What
does
Alexander
think
was
the
purpose
of
the
1914
voyage?
A．Artistic
creation.
B．Scientific
research.
C．Money
making.
D．Treasure
hunting.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的后半句“adventuring
was
even
then
a
thoroughly
commercial
effort”及倒数第二句中“his
1914
voyage
to
make
money...”可知，Alexander认为1914年的航行完全出于商业目的，也就是为了赚钱。
答案：C
一、语言能力
熟词生义/
词类活用
1．shoot
vt.____
2．image
n．____
3．passage
n．__________
4．march
n．__________
5．catch
vt.____
拍摄
图像
通道；走廊
行进；行军
引起
二、思维品质
1．阅读技巧——借助关键词进行推理判断
此类推理判断题只需要寻找与题干有逻辑关系的关键词就可以推出正确答案。因此，解题时应认真阅读试题，弄清要求和回答问题的角度，结合原文看是否有关键词可以用来进行推理判断。第15题根据最后一段第一句中后半句的a
thoroughly
commercial
effort及倒数第二句中的make
money可知，Alexander认为1914年的航行完全出于商业目的，也就是为了赚钱。
2．分析长难句并翻译句子
Shackleton，a
onetime
British
merchant?navy
officer
who
had
got
to
within
100
miles
of
the
South
Pole
in
1908，started
a
business
before
his
1914
voyage
to
make
money
from
movie
and
still
photography.
[分析]Shackleton
started
a
business.为句子主干，a
onetime
British
merchant?navy
officer为Shackleton的____语，同时作定语从句who
had
got
to
within
100
miles
of
the
South
Pole
in
1908的先行词，before
his
1914
voyage
为________，to
make...为不定式作________。
同位
时间状语
目的状语
[翻译]_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
三、文化素养
思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为如何防范自然灾害，进行自我保护？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Shackleton，一个曾经的英国商船船队军官，在1908年到达过
距离南极点不足100英里的地方，在他1914年航海前开始做生意来从
电影和摄影中赚钱。
我们应该加强自然灾害危害性的教育，提高学校广大师生员工的自我保护
意识。做到早预防、早报告、早处置，及时采取措施，确保不因自然灾害
而危及师生安全和财产损失。
NO.1 单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多
01核心单词…………………………………………
[先识记]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．________________
news
令人震惊的消息
2．__________________
hope
真心地希望
3．______________
the
health
毁掉健康
shocking
sincerely
destroy
4．____________
him
from
the
fire从火中把他营救出来
5．________
him
alive将他活埋
6．__________
between
right
and
wrong判断是非
7．be
______________
in
ruins被困在废墟中
8．the
________
of
his
hope他的希望破灭
9．a
__________
of
anger勃然大怒
10．an
______________
leg
一条受伤的腿
rescue
bury
judge
trapped
ruin
burst
injured
11．the
main
____________
重大事件
12．other
natural
__________________其他自然灾害
13．relieve
his
__________________缓解他的痛苦
14．suffer
serious
____________遭受严重的损伤
events
disasters
suffering
damage
[再拓展]
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．Her
family
was
__________________
(extreme)
poor
and
all
she
had
was
one
pair
of
shoes.
2．______________
from
his
looks，he
must
be
an
honest
man.On
the
contrary，he
often
robs
and
steals，so
the
__________
pointed
out
that
a
man
should
not
be
____________
by
his
appearance.(judge)
extremely
Judging
judge
judged
3．After
seeing
the
______________________
film，the
_____________
boy
was
too
_________________
to
walk
home
alone
in
the
dark.(frighten)
4．Rescuers
said
the
______________
were
taken
to
a
hospital
nearby，and
fortunately
the
____________
was
not
serious，not
life?threatening.(injure)
5．The
headmaster
wrote
a
letter
to
______________
her
on
her
good
performance
and
the
exciting
_________________
encouraged
her
greatly.(congratulate)
frightening
frightened
frightened
injured
injury
congratulate
congratulations
6．I
am
lacking
in
words
and
____________________
to
_____________
how
grateful
I
feel
and
I
will
give
my
head
teacher
the
present
as
an
___________
of
gratitude.(express)
7．We
were
______________
at
the
________________
news
that
he
died
suddenly
yesterday.(shock)
8．Britain
is
a
developed
____________
and
its
________________
flower
is
rose.(nation)
expressions
express
expression
shocked
shocking
nation
national
02阅读单词…………………………………………
标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆
□earthquake □million □canal □steam
□headline
□track
□mine
□shelter
□dam
□outline
□crack
□brick
□smelly
□title
NO.2 短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累
[必会短语]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．______________________
families
许多家庭
2．______________
the
truth发现真相
3．______________________
their
achievements为他们的成就而自豪
4．__________________________
the
burning
hotel被困在失火的旅馆里
a
number
of
dig
out
be
proud
of
be
trapped
in
5．________________________
his
accent
从他的口音判断
6．________________________
the
book埋头读书
7．don't
______________________________
yourself不要小看你自己
8．be
there
____________________马上就到
9．be
almost
__________________差不多结束了
10．leave
the
town
________________使这个城镇成为废墟
judging
from
be
buried
in
think
little
of
right
away
at
an
end
in
ruins
[词汇积累]
1．“自然灾害”相关单词一览
①disaster
n．灾难；灾祸
②earthquake
n．地震
③drought
n．旱灾；干旱
④eruption
n．(火山)喷发
⑤hurricane
n．飓风
2．表示“程度”的副词集锦
①extremely极度地 ②entirely完全地
③completely完全地
④perfectly完美地
3．以“?ing/?ed”结尾的形容词聚焦
4．“埋头于；专心于”的多种表达
①be
buried
in
②be
occupied
with
③be
absorbed
in
④be
engaged
in
⑤be
devoted
to
⑥concentrate
on
⑦apply
oneself
to
⑧put
one's
heart
into
⑨fix/focus
one's
attention
on
NO.3 句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通
请根据提示完成下列句子
1．too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义
正如谚语所说，活到老，学到老。
As
the
old
saying
goes，“It's
never
_______________________.”
2．as
if
“好像”，后常接表语从句或方式状语从句
童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生似的。
Everything
in
my
childhood
crowded
upon
my
mind
____________________
_.
too
late
to
learn
as
if
it
had
just
happened
3．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语“使……处于某状态”
他的父母在巴基斯坦地震中去世了，留下他成为一名孤儿。
His
parents
died
in
the
Pakistan
earthquake，______________________.
4．All...not...＝Not
all...“并不是所有的……都……”
喜欢体育运动的人并不都喜欢参加体育运动。
All
who
enjoy
sporting
events
_____________________________________.
leaving
him
an
orphan
don't
like
to
participate
in
them
5．be
doing
...when
...正在做……这时(突然)……
今天早晨我正在大街上走，就在这时我看见两名游客正在困惑地看着地图。
This
morning
I
___________________________________________
I
saw
that
two
travelers
were
reading
a
map，looking
puzzled.
was
walking
on
the
street
when
1．burst
vi.(burst，burst)
爆裂；爆发
n.
突然破裂；爆发
[文化金句]
Reading
The
Emperor's
New
Clothes，I
had
to
let
out
a
burst
of
laughter
over
his
foolishness.
读了《皇帝的新装》，我不禁为他的愚蠢而捧腹大笑。
[归纳拓展]
burst
in突然闯进；突然出现
burst
into...闯入……；(情绪等)爆发
burst
out突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫
burst
into
laughter＝burst
out
laughing突然大笑起来
burst
into
tears＝burst
out
crying突然大哭起来
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①He
burst
____
without
knocking
at
the
door，which
made
me
very
angry.
②He
burst
________
the
room
without
knocking
at
the
door.
能力提升——完成句子
③Seeing
her
classmates
_________________________________________________
because
of
her
foolish
mistakes，she
_______________________________________________.
看到她的同学因为她愚蠢的错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
in
into
burst
out
laughing/burst
into
laughter
burst
out
crying/burst
into
tears
[实战贴士]
短语burst
in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst
into中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。
2．ruin
n．[U]
毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹
vt.
毁灭；使破产；成为废墟
[写作佳句]
No
matter
how
famous
a
brand
is，it
can
be
in
ruins
once
it
betrays
the
trust
of
consumers.
无论一个品牌多有名气，一旦辜负了消费者的信任它就有可能会毁灭。
[归纳拓展]
(1)lie/be
in
ruins成为废墟
be
reduced
to
ruins沦为废墟
(2)ruin
sth./sb./oneself毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己
ruin
one's
health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day，they
found
their
neighbourhood
in
__________
(ruin)．
②Some
pop
stars
are
addicted
to
drugs，completely
ruining
them.______________________________
ruins
them→themselves
能力提升——一句多译
他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。
③He
made
a
mistake，__________________________
of
going
abroad.(定语从句)
④He
made
a
mistake，____________________________
of
going
abroad.(分词短语作状语)
which
ruined
his
chance
ruining
his
chance
3．shock
vt.&
vi.
(使)震惊；震动
n.
休克；打击；震惊
[写作佳句]
Many
of
the
people
we
ran
into
were
still
in
shock.
我们碰到的许多人还在惊慌之中。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
shocked
by/at...对……感到震惊
be
shocked
to
do...因做……而震惊
(2)in
shock震惊；休克
(3)shocked
adj.感到震惊的
shocking
adj.令人震惊的
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①They
were
shocked
__________
her
rudeness.
②Anyone
touching
that
wire
could
get
badly
______________
(shock)．
③Grandmother
thought
it
________________
(shock)
for
girls
to
wear
jeans.
能力提升——句型转换
④It
was
a
shock
to
me
to
see
how
my
neighbors
treated
their
children.
→I
______________________
how
my
neighbors
treated
their
children.
by/at
shocked
shocking
was
shocked
to
see
4．bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；隐藏；使专心
[写作佳句]
Ever
since
Miss
Evans
moved
here，she
has
buried
herself/has
been
buried
in
her
research
work.
自从埃文斯小姐搬到这里以来，她一直埋头于她的研究工作。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①Though
____________
(bury)
in
books
these
days，I
have
still
joined
several
student
clubs
in
order
to
improve
myself.
②He
sank
into
a
chair，______________
(bury)
his
face
in
his
hands.
能力提升——一句多译
他埋头看书，不知道外面在下雨。
③Because
he
_______________________________
his
books，he
was
not
aware
that
it
was
raining
outside.(bury)
buried
burying
buried
himself
in/was
buried
in
④________________________________________________________，he
was
not
aware
that
it
was
raining
outside.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑤______________________________________，he
was
not
aware
that
it
was
raining
outside.(过去分词短语作状语)
Burying
himself
in
his
books
Buried
in
his
books
5．judge
n.
裁判员；法官
vt.
断定；判断；判决
[文化金句]
Judging
from
their
speeches，Confucius
Institutes
have
an
increasing
impact
on
the
local
people.
从他们的言谈中可以得知，孔子学院对当地人的影响日益加大。
[归纳拓展]
(1)judge...from/by...从……来判断……
as
far
as
I
can
judge据我判断；我认为
(2)judging
by/from从……上看；根据……判断
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①The
economic
impact
of
the
arts
is
often
overlooked
and
badly
____________
(judge)．
②I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
be
__
judge
at
our
English
speech
contest
to
be
held
in
our
school
on
June
15.
③______________
(judge)
from
the
above
story，we
can
draw
the
conclusion
that
we
can't
judge
a
book
______________
its
cover.
judged
a
Judging
by/from
能力提升——完成句子
④_______________________the
farm
work
programme
was
very
meaningful.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)
我认为，这个农活活动非常有意义。
[实战贴士]
judging
from/by用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。
As
far
as
I
can
judge,
6．at
an
end
结束；终结
[写作佳句]
My
holiday
is
at
an
end
and
I
must
go
back
to
work
tomorrow.
假期结束了，明天我必须回去上班。
[归纳拓展]
(1)at
the
end
of在……尽头；在……末端
by
the
end
of到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)
in
the
end最后；终于
(3)end
up
doing
以……而告终
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/用end相关短语填空
①By
the
end
of
next
month，we
_________________________________
(finish)
all
our
tasks.
②The
speech
contest
was
__________________.Thankfully，I
_________
winning
the
first
prize
and
my
hard
work
paid
off
____________________.
will
have
finished
at
an
end
ended
up
in
the
end
能力提升——句型转换
③The
meeting
was
at
an
end
and
he
set
down
many
key
points.
→The
meeting
____________________________
and
he
set
down
many
key
points.
came
to
an
end
7．a
(great)
number
of
许多；大量的
[写作佳句]
According
to
the
concert
poster，a
great
number
of
music
masterpieces
will
be
played
by
a
famous
band.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)
根据音乐会海报，一个著名的乐队将演奏大量的音乐杰作。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①The
number
of
smokers，as
is
reported，______________________
(drop)
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
②A
great
deal
of
money
______________________(donate)to
a
university
by
an
old
man，which
aroused
public
attention.
③Large
quantities
of
nuts
is
found
inside
the
trees.____________
④A
good
many
disasters
has
changed
the
old
building.________________
has
dropped
was
donated
is→are
has→have
能力提升——完成句子
⑤In
addition，______________________________________________
whose
masterpieces
will
be
on
exhibition.
此外，许多著名艺术家的杰作将被展览。
[实战贴士]
large
quantities/amounts
of＋n.作主语时谓语动词用复数。
there
are
a
great
number
of
famous
artists
8．as
if
(＝as
though)
引导表语从句或状语从句
[教材原句]
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
[归纳拓展]
(1)如果as
if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气：
①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③从句用would/could/might
do形式(与将来的事实相反)
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①When
a
pencil
is
partly
put
into
water，it
looks
as
if
it
_____________
_(break)．
②He
behaved
as
if
nothing
________________________
(happen)．
能力提升——句型转换
③Tom
raised
his
right
hand
as
if
he
would
say
something.
→Tom
raised
his
right
hand
as
if
________________________________.
[实战贴士]
as
though/if引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
were
broken
had
happened
to
say
something
9．部分否定
[教材原句]
All
hope
was
not
lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)部分否定all...not...＝not
all...并非所有的……都……
(2)具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything，all，both等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”
(3)no，none，no
one，neither，nothing等表示完全否定
[实战演练]
基础练透——完成句子
①Our
English
teacher
is
excellent，but
she
___________________
(不能帮助每一位同学)in
the
class
in
40
minutes.
②____________________
(我们全都不)
was
allowed
to
go
there.
can't
help
everyone
None
of
us
能力提升——句型转换
③It's
impossible
for
all
the
applicants
to
get
the
jobs，because
not
all
of
them
are
fit
for
the
jobs.
→It's
impossible
for
all
the
applicants
to
get
the
jobs，because
___________________________________________________________.
all
of
them
aren't
fit
for
the
jobs
[教材与高考]
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词
1．阅读词汇认知
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The
tests
show
that
the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
.
②(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50?kilometer
race
walk,
which
is
about
five
miles
longer
than
the
marathon.
.
adv.非常
n.比赛项目
③(2019·高考北京卷)It
all
began
when
Moore
visited
a
bank
with
her
dad.
On
the
outing,
she
was
offered
a
candy
bar.
.
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Modern
methods
for
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid?1980s.
.
⑤(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Having
enough
fat
and
salt
in
your
meals
will
reduce
the
urge
to
snack
(吃点心)
between
meals
and
will
improve
the
taste
of
your
food.
However,
be
careful
not
to
go
to
extremes.
.
n.棒；条状物
vt.追踪
n.极端
2．一词多义
①(2017·高考天津卷)Write
another
email
as
swiftly
as
you
can
and
send
it
with
a
brief
title
explaining
that
this
is
the
correct
version
and
the
previous
version
should
be
ignored.__
A．头衔
B．资格
C．权利
D．标题
D
②(浙江卷)Suddenly
another
thought
went
through
Kate's
mind
like
an
electric
shock.__
A．vt.&
vi.(使)震惊；震动
B．n.休克
C．n.触电
D．n.震惊
C
Ⅱ.语言运用高频点
1．语法填空
①(2020·高考浙江卷)Like
humans,
polar
bears
can
feel
pain,
have
emotions
and
can
be
____________________
(frighten)．
②(2020·高考浙江卷)If
we
drink
__________
(dirt)
water，we
can
catch
diseases
from
the
bacteria
and
become
ill.
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)She
has
been
a
radio
and
TV
________________
(report)
for
many
years.
frightened
dirty
reporter
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Does
Kilimanjaro
deserve
its
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
______________
(ruin)
the
atmosphere
of
peace?
⑤(2019·天津3月高考)Mary's
description
of
the
party
was
so
vivid
that
I
felt
as
if
I
________________
(be)
there.
ruining
had
been
⑥(2019·高考江苏卷)Understanding
technological
trends
is
very
important
for
correctly
designing
economic
policies，both
at
the
________________
(nation)
and
the
international
levels.
⑦(2018·高考浙江卷)I
still
remember
visiting
a
friend
who'd
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
______________________
(shock)
when
I
learnt
she
hadn't
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.
national
was
shocked
2．完形填空
①(2019·高考浙江卷)As
you
can
imagine，the
trip
is
no
piece
of
cake.While
restaurants
throw
away
tons
of
food
each
year，much
of
it
remains
inaccessible
because
of
____________
garbage
containers，health
regulations，or
business
policies.Only
about
one
in
ten
places
offered
him
food
that
would
otherwise
be
discarded.
A．locked
B．damaged
C．connected
D．abandoned
42
解析：由于上锁的垃圾桶、健康法规或商业政策的限制，很多被丢掉的食物无法得到。locked
“上锁的”；damaged
“破坏的”；connected
“连接的”；abandoned
“被遗弃的”。
答案：A
②(2018·高考北京卷)He
then
took
the
wallet
to
a
nearby
police
station
after
leaving
a
note
behind
to
let
the
owner
know
it
was
safe.When
the
car's
owner
John
Anderson
and
his
colleague
Carol
Lawrence
returned
to
the
car
—
which
was
itself
worth
￡35,000—in
Glasgow
city
centre，they
were
____________
to
find
two
policemen
standing
next
to
it.The
policemen
told
them
what
Mr.Smith
did
and
that
the
wallet
was
safe.
A．satisfied
B．excited
C．amused
D．shocked
23
解析：根据空格后面的“to
find
two
policemen
standing
next
to
it”可知，车主看到警察站在车旁边应该是感到震惊的(shocked)。
答案：D
Ⅲ.书面表达亮点练
1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)我们应该祝贺他们队赢得比赛。(congratulation)
_____________________________________________________________
2．(湖南卷)当一个心怀恶意的人攻击我们的时候，我们不会感到害怕，因为我们可以电击他，从而逃离危险。(frightened，shock)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We
should
offer
congratulations
to
their
team
on
winning
the
match.
When
a
man
with
an
evil
intention
attacks
us，we
won't
feel
frightened
because
we
can
give
him
an
electric
shock
and
escape
from
danger.
3．(山东卷)“有志者，事竟成。”这句谚语提醒我，通往成功的道路并不总是一帆风顺。(部分否定)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The
proverb
“Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.”
reminds
me
that
the
path
to
success
is
not
always
smooth.
[素养与落实]
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
某地发生地震后，许多互联网科技企业、各大旅游网站和汽车公司等纷纷在第一时间加入抢险救灾的行列中。请你以灾区学生李华的名义给这些企业写一封感谢信，表达你的感激之情。
Step
1 补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我写信感谢你们及时的援助，因为没有你们的援助我的生活就不会恢复正常。
I'm
writing
to
_______________________________________________，because
without
it
my
life
couldn't
have
returned
to
normal.
②几天前，一场极其可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡，使得许多房屋成为废墟并彻底毁坏了我的家。(定语从句)
A
few
days
ago，______________________________________________
______________________________________
express
my
thanks
for
your
timely
rescue
an
extremely
frightening
earthquake
struck
my
hometown，
which
left
many
houses
in
ruins
and
completely
destroyed
my
house
③我震惊地发现一切都被埋在了倒塌的房屋下面，于是我大哭起来。
I
____________________________________under
the
fallen
house，_____________________________________________________________.
④仿佛到了世界末日。
________________________________________________________________________________
was
shocked
to
find
everything
buried
so
I
burst
into
tears/burst
out
crying
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end.
⑤尽管你们是陌生人，但是你们竭尽全力帮助我让我有避难处可住，有足够的食物和水赖以存活。
Strangers
as
you
are，__________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
and
enough
food
and
water
to
survive
on.
⑥我再怎么感激你们也不为过。
_______________________________________________________
you
have
done
everything
in
your
power
to
help
me
have
a
shelter
to
live
in
I
can't
express
my
gratitude
too
much.
Step
2 升级平淡句
1．利用“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句升级句①
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．利用分词短语作状语升级句③
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
I'm
writing
to
express
my
thanks
for
your
timely
rescue，without
which
my
life
couldn't
have
returned
to
normal.
Shocked
to
find
everything
buried
under
the
fallen
house，I
burst
into
tears/burst
out
crying.(共79张PPT)
[单元主题语境]
人与自我之健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)
话题：旅游地点 词数：246 难度：★★★
Journey
Back
in
Time
with
Scholars
Classical
Provence
(13
days)
Journey
through
the
beautiful
countryside
of
Provence，France，with
Prof.Ori
Z．Soltes.We
will
visit
some
of
the
best?preserved
Roman
monuments
in
the
world.Our
tour
also
includes
a
chance
to
walk
in
the
footsteps
of
Van
Gogh
and
Gauguin.Fields
of
flowers,
tile?roofed
(瓦屋顶)
villages
and
tasty
meals
enrich
this
wonderful
experience.
Southern
Spain
(15
days)
Spain
has
lovely
white
towns
and
the
scent
(芳香)of
oranges，but
it
is
also
a
treasury
of
ancient
remains
including
the
cities
left
by
the
Greeks，Romans
and
Arabs.As
we
travel
south
from
Madrid
with
Prof.Ronald
Messier
to
historic
Toledo，Roman
Mérida
and
into
Andalucia,
we
explore
historical
monuments
and
architecture.
China's
Sacred
Landscapes
(21
days)
Discover
the
China
of
“past
ages，”its
walled
cities，temples
and
mountain
scenery
with
Prof.Robert
Thorp.Highlights
(精彩之处)
include
China's
most
sacred
peaks
at
Mount
Tai
and
Hangzhou's
rolling
hills，waterways
and
peaceful
temples.We
will
wander
in
traditional
small
towns
and
end
our
tour
with
an
exceptional
museum
in
Shanghai.
Tunisia
(17
days)
Join
Prof.Pedar
Foss
on
our
in?depth
Tunisian
tour.Tour
highlights
include
the
Roman
city
of
Dougga，the
underground
Numidian
capital
at
Bulla
Regia,
Roman
Sbeitla
and
the
remote
areas
around
Tataouine
and
Matmata，unique
for
underground
cities.Our
journey
takes
us
to
picturesque
Berber
villages
and
lovely
beaches.
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了四处旅游地点——法国、西班牙、中国和突尼斯，带领大家感受世界上的物质文化遗产的魅力。
21．What
can
visitors
see
in
both
Classical
Provence
and
Southern
Spain?
A．Historical
monuments.
B．Fields
of
flowers.
C．Van
Gogh's
paintings.
D．Greek
buildings.
解析：细节理解题。根据Classical
Provence
(13
days)中的“We
will
visit
some
of
the
best?preserved
Roman
monuments
in
the
world.”和Southern
Spain
(15
days)
中的“...we
explore
historical
monuments
and
architecture.”可知，游客在这两个地方都可以看到historical
monuments。
答案：A
22．Which
country
is
Prof.Thorp
most
knowledgeable
about?
A．France.
B．Spain.
C．China.
D．Tunisia.
解析：细节理解题。根据China's
Sacred
Landscapes
(21
days)中的首句“Discover
the
China
of
‘past
ages，’
its
walled
cities，temples
and
mountain
scenery
with
Prof.Robert
Thorp.”可知，Prof.Robert
Thorp会陪大家一起探索古代中国的带围墙的城市、寺庙和山景，由此可知Prof.Thorp最了解中国。
答案：C
23．Which
of
the
following
highlights
the
Tunisian
tour?
A．White
towns.
B．Underground
cities.
C．Tile?roofed
villages.
D．Rolling
hills.
解析：细节理解题。根据Tunisia
(17
days)中的第二句“Tour
highlights
include
the
Roman
city
of
Dougga，the
underground
Numidian
capital
at
Bulla
Regia，Roman
Sbeitla
and
the
remote
areas
around
Tataouine
and
Matmata，unique
for
underground
cities.”可知，地下城市是突尼斯之旅的精彩之处。
答案：B
一、语言能力
熟词生义/
词类活用
1．enrich
vt.______
2．remains
n．________________
3．peak
n．__________
v．________
4．exceptional
adj.______________
使丰富
古迹；遗迹；遗址
顶峰，高峰
达到高峰
异常的，特别的
二、思维品质
1．阅读技巧——利用题干定位法巧解细节理解题
细节理解题需要先读题干，找出题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位答案所在位置，然后确定答案。例如第23题，读题干，根据关键词Tunisian，锁定范围是Tunisia(17
days)这一部分，然后根据关键词highlights找到underground
cities，从而确定答案选B。
2．分析长难句并翻译句子
As
we
travel
south
from
Madrid
with
Prof.
Ronald
Messier
to
historic
Toledo,
Roman
Mérida
and
into
Andalucia,
we
explore
historical
monuments
and
architecture.
[分析]该句为主从复合句。整句话主语是____，谓语动词是______________，宾语是historical
monuments
and
architecture。as引导的是________从句。
[翻译]______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
we
explore
时间状语
当我们与罗纳德·梅西耶教授一起从马德里向南行驶到历史悠久
的托莱多，罗马梅里达并进入安达卢西亚时，我们探索到历史古迹和建筑设计。
三、文化素养
思考：通过阅读这篇关于物质文化遗产的旅游活动的文章，你有何体会？
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
本文主要介绍了由学者带领的探索法国、西班牙、中国和突尼斯的物质文化遗产的旅游活动。本文融入了美育知识，让人们去欣赏、了解并爱护世界上的物质文化遗产。文中提到了中国的景点，这有利于增强我们的民族自豪感。
NO.1 单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多
01核心单词…………………………………………
[先识记]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．________________
a
talent
show
组织才艺表演
2．________________
him
to
join
us说服他加入我们
organize
persuade
3．a
________________
partner/fellow
可靠的搭档/伙伴
4．____________
quality
to
quantity
要的是质量而不是数量
5．__________________
their
own
future
决定他们自己的未来
6．__________________
mail
by
train以火车运邮件
7．________________
from
Harvard
毕业于哈佛大学
8．a
________
mother慈爱的母亲
9．one
of
his
________________________他的缺点之一
10．a
demanding
________________安排非常紧张的日程
11．make
progress
______________最终取得进步
reliable
prefer
determine
transport
graduate
fond
shortcomings
schedule
finally
12．take
a
positive
________________采取积极的态度
13．the
chance
to
air
__________发表意见的机会
14．have
a
safe
______________一路平安
attitude
views
journey
[再拓展]
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．The
strawberries
are
kept
in
cold
storage
to
prevent
them
spoiling
during
____________________________
(transport)．
2．When
they
______________
(final)
arrived，it
was
well
past
midnight.
3．She
is
__________________
(schedule)
to
give
a
speech
tonight，hoping
all
of
us
will
attend
it.
transportation
finally
scheduled
4．Mr.Black，who
is
a
very
__________________
person，works
as
the
president
of
a
large
international
________________________.He
is
busy
____________________
a
conference
to
be
held
next
week
with
his
assistants.(organize)
5．He
______________
to
surf
the
Internet
rather
than
do
anything
else
because
playing
computer
is
his
____________________.(prefer)
6．My
brother
is
a
________________
in
physics
and
he
__________________
from
Beijing
University.He
has
been
working
in
a
famous
company
after
____________________.(graduate)
organized
organization
organizing
prefers
preference
graduate
graduated
graduation
7．Li
Hua
is
a
young
man
with
great
__________________________.He
____________________
to
go
to
Tibet
after
graduation.______________
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune，he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.(determine)
8．John
is
very
________________—if
he
promises
to
do
something
he
will
do
it，so
you
can
________
on
him
to
help
you
when
you
are
in
trouble.(rely)
determination
determined
Determined
reliable
rely
02阅读单词…………………………………………
标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆
□journal □fare □cycle □stubborn
□altitude
□beneath
□forecast
□insurance
□flame
□parcel
□source
□pillow
□glacier
□wool
□rapids
□temple
□cave
□valley
□route
NO.2 短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累
[必会短语]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．____________________
the
poor/detail
关心穷人/细节
2．____________________
pop
music喜欢流行音乐
3．______________
one's
mind
下定决心
4．__________________
going
to
a
movie想去看电影
5．____________
a
notice
here在这儿贴一张通知
care
about
be
fond
of
make
up
feel
like
put
up
6．______________
to
the
workers向工人让步
7．____________________
he
came
to
college自从他来上大学后
8．________________________________
a
bigger
one
换辆大车
9．____________________________
going
abroad
梦想出国
10．make
him
______________________________使他改变主意
11．get
up
at
six
________________像往常一样六点起床
12．wake
up
______________________
半夜醒来
give
in
ever
since
change
a
car
for
dream
of/about
change
his
mind
as
usual
at
midnight
[词汇积累]
1．前缀fore?构成的单词
①forecast
n．&
vt.预测；预报
②foresee
v.
预见；预知
③foretell
v．预言；预测
④forehead
n．前额
⑤foremost
adj.最先的；首要的
2．与“性格”有关的形容词小结
①stubborn固执的
②easy?going随和的
③outgoing外向的
④gentle温和的
⑤optimistic乐观的
⑥outspoken坦率的
3．如何“劝说”某人做某事
①persuade
sb.to
do
sth.说服某人做某事
②advise
sb.to
do
sth.建议某人做某事
③urge
sb.to
do
sth.力劝某人做某事
④argue
sb.into
doing
sth.说服某人做某事
⑤talk
sb.into
doing
sth.说服某人做某事
NO.3 句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通
请根据提示完成下列句子
1．insist后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
我坚持认为你应该带一件合适的礼物去拜访你的中国朋友。
I
______________________________________
to
visit
your
Chinese
friends.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
insist
that
you
(should)
bring
an
appropriate
gift
2．“主语＋be＋adj.＋to
do”结构
尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃，因为我坚信，“有志者，事竟成。”
Even
though
_____________________________________________，I
didn't
give
up.Because
I
firmly
believed
that
“Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.”
the
problem
was
difficult
to
solve
3．once引导状语从句
一旦你更好地了解了中国的餐桌礼仪，你就知道在晚宴上做什么。
________________________________________________________，you
will
know
what
to
do
at
the
dinner
party.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
4．“no
matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
他是如此的善良和体贴，无论他在哪里，我们都希望和他成为朋友。
He
is
so
kind
and
considerate
that
we
hope
to
be
friends
with
him
_________________________.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
Once
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
the
Chinese
table
manners
no
matter
where
he
is
5．can
hardly/can't
wait
to
do
sth.“迫不及待地要做某事”
越野赛跑比赛将于11月22日举行，许多学生迫不及待地要去参加比赛。
The
cross?country
running
race
is
scheduled
to
take
place
on
November
22nd
and
a
number
of
students
_______________________________.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
can't
wait
to
join
in
the
race
1．prefer
vt.
更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
[文化金句]
I
prefer
the
tour
along
the
Yangtze，the
longest
river
in
China
and
one
of
the
mother
rivers
of
Chinese
civilization.
我更喜欢长江之旅。长江是中国最长的河流也是中华文明的母亲河之一。
[归纳拓展]
(1)prefer
to
do/doing
sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer
sth.to
sth.喜欢……多于……
prefer
doing
sth.to
doing
sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
(2)preference
n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have
a
preference
for...偏爱……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①I
prefer
the
school
uniform
____
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
at
the
welcome
ceremony
next
month.(2019·高考江苏卷)
②Nowadays
many
children
prefer
surfing
the
Internet
at
home
to
____________
(take)
exercise
outdoors.
③I
have
a
____________________
(prefer)
for
running
so
I
took
part
in
the
cross?country
running
race.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
to
taking
preference
能力提升——一句多译
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢受到表扬而不是批评。
④After
all，all
kids
__________________________________.(prefer
to
do
sth.rather
than
do
sth.)
⑤After
all，all
kids
_____________________________________.(prefer
doing
sth.to
doing
sth.)
⑥After
all，all
kids
_____________________________________.(would
do
sth.rather
than
do
sth.)
⑦After
all，all
kids
_____________________________________.(would
rather
do
sth.than
do
sth.)
prefer
to
be
praised
rather
than
be
scolded
prefer
being
praised
to
being
scolded
would
be
praised
rather
than
be
scolded
would
rather
be
praised
than
be
scolded
[实战贴士]
(1)prefer不用于进行时；(2)prefer相当于like
better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。
2．persuade
vt.
说服；劝说；使相信
[写作佳句]
Don't
let
yourself
be
persuaded
into
buying
things
you
don't
really
want.
不要被说服买你并不需要的东西。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/选词填空
①I
managed
to
persuade
my
classmates
into
__________________
(accept)
my
idea.
②He
tried
to
persuade
his
father
______________
(give)
up
smoking，but
in
vain.
③Though
I
had
____________
her
for
many
times，I
couldn't
___________
her
to
go
abroad
with
me
because
her
life
experience
had
________________
her
that
she
could
not
live
on
without
her
parents.(persuade/advise)
accepting
to
give
advised
persuade
persuaded
能力提升——句型转换
④I
am
trying
to
persuade
him
to
give
up
the
attempt.
→I
am
trying
to
__________________________________
the
attempt.
[实战贴士]
如果只表示“劝说”而不强调劝服的结果，则要用advise
sb.to
do
sth.或try
to
persuade
sb.to
do
sth.
persuade
him
into
giving
up
3．determine
vt.
决定；确定；下定决心
[文化金句]
I
am
determined
to
volunteer
to
help
visitors，introduce
Chinese
paintings，spread
Chinese
culture，and
strengthen
world
cultural
exchanges.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
我决定自愿帮助游客，介绍中国画，传播中国文化，加强世界文化交流。
[归纳拓展]
(1)determine
on/upon
(doing)
sth.决定(做)某事
determine
(sb.)to
do
sth.决定(某人)做某事
(2)determined
adj.坚决的，有决心的
be
determined
to
do
sth./that...决心做某事/下定决心……
(3)determination
n．决心；果断
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①We
are
____________________
(determine)
that
our
training
should
keep
pace
with
the
current
development
in
education.
②Driven
by
heaven?knows?what
motives，he
determines
_____________
(write)
a
book.
③They
had
survived
by
sheer
___________________
(determine)．
determined
to
write
determination
能力提升——句式升级
④I'm
determined
to
perform
well
in
the
final
exam，so
I'm
occupied
in
preparing
for
it.
→____________________________________________________
in
the
final
exam，I'm
occupied
in
preparing
for
it.(分词短语作状语)
[实战贴士]
determine
to
do
sth.在词义上等于be
determined
to
do
sth.，但前者强调动作，后者强调状态。
Determined
to
perform
well
4．view
n.
风景；视野；观点；见解
vt.
观看；注视；考虑
[文化金句]
Chinese
view
of
Cao
Cao
mainly
comes
from
Ming
Dynasty
novelist
Luo
Guanzhong's
The
Romance
of
the
Three
Kingdoms.
国人对曹操的评价主要源于明代小说家罗贯中所著的《三国演义》。
[归纳拓展]
(1)come
into
view看得见；进入视野
have
a
good
view
of清楚地看到；饱览
(2)in
one's
view＝from
one's
point
of
view在某人看来
(3)view...as...把……看作……
[实战演练]
基础练透——一词多义
①His
view
of
life
has
changed
a
lot
ever
since
the
experience
he
had
in
Africa
three
years
ago.
.
②I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friends，where
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
.
③When
the
old
man
opened
the
window，a
stranger
with
a
high
hat
came
into
view.
.
n.观点；见解
n.风景
n.视野
④I
got
an
opportunity
to
view
the
movie
before
it
was
released.
.
⑤We
can
view
the
problem
in
many
ways.
.
能力提升——词汇/句式升级
⑥We
stand
on
the
top
of
Mount
Tai.We
are
able
to
see
the
beautiful
scenery
of
the
whole
city.
→_________________________________，we
are
able
to
________________________
the
beautiful
scenery
of
the
whole
city.(分词短语作状语)
Standing
on
the
top
of
Mount
Tai
have
a
good
view
of
vt.观看
vt.考虑
5．schedule
n．[C，U]
日程安排，工作计划
[C]
一览表，明细表
vt.
安排，为……安排时间
[写作佳句]
One
can
always
manage
to
do
more
things，no
matter
how
full
one's
schedule
is
in
life.
无论一个人生活中的日程安排有多满，他总能设法做更多的事情。
[归纳拓展]
ahead
of/behind
schedule先于/迟于预定时间
on
schedule按预定时间
be
scheduled
for...预定于……
be
scheduled
to
do...预定做……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①Every
day
I
arrive
at
the
sports
field
as
__________________
(schedule)．
能力提升——完成句子
②The
new
bridge
has
been
finished
_______________________________.
新桥提前两年落成。
③I
___________________________________
in
Beijing
at
5
o'clock.
我预计在5点抵达北京。
scheduled
two
years
ahead
of
schedule
am
scheduled
to
arrive
6．care
about
关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
[写作佳句]
This
experience
has
taught
me
that，as
well
as
aiming
high
in
life，we
should
also
care
about
every
small
thing.
这段经历告诉我，除了在生活中目标高远，我们也应该关心每一件小事。
[归纳拓展]
care
for
喜欢；照料
take
care
当心
take
care
of
照料；处理
with
care
小心；慎重
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①He
will
always
stop
what
he's
doing
to
take
care
____
a
child
if
that
child
is
having
a
bad
day.
②She
cares
__________
me
and
prepares
me
for
my
future
career.
能力提升——完成句子
③First
of
all，I
will
have
a
warm
family
where
_____________________________________________________.首先，我将有一个温暖的家庭，在这个家庭中我们互相爱护、互相关心。
of
about
the
members
will
love
each
other
and
care
about
each
other
7．make
up
one's
mind
下决心；决定
[文化金句]
Personally，I
make
up
my
mind
to
learn
something
about
western
dance
in
particular.
就我个人而言，我决定学习一些关于西方舞蹈的知识。
[归纳拓展]
change
one's
mind
改变主意
bear/keep...in
mind
记住/牢记……
bear/keep
in
mind
that...记住/牢记……
have...in
mind
考虑；打算
fix
one's
mind
on/upon
把注意力集中于……
read
one's
mind
看出某人的心思
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①After
graduation
from
college，they
made
up
their
__________
(mind)
to
go
and
settle
in
the
countryside.
②A
month
before
the
marathon，the
author
made
up
his
mind
____________
(run)．
minds
to
run
能力提升——词汇升级
③First
of
all，remember
that
you
had
better
arrive
punctually
or
some
time
earlier
than
the
appointed
time.
→First
of
all，__________________________________
that
you
had
better
arrive
punctually
or
some
time
earlier
than
the
appointed
time.
[实战贴士]
make
up
one's
mind中的名词mind有单复数的变化，根据one's的单复数来确定mind的单复数。
bear/keep
in
mind
8．give
in
屈服；投降；让步；上交
[写作佳句]
My
mother
never
gave
in
to
the
difficulties
which
she
was
faced
with
when
she
brought
me
up.
在养育我成长的过程中，母亲从不向她所遇到的困难屈服。
[归纳拓展]
give
in
to
sb.向某人让步
give
away
赠送；泄露；出卖
give
back
归还
give
off
发出(光、热、声音、气味等)
give
out
分发；用完；耗尽；公布
give
up
放弃；停止；戒掉
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①At
first
Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving，but
eventually
he
gave
____
as
she
was
so
confident
about
her
skills.
②
Her
father
wants
her
to
give
____
school
to
model
full?time.
③For
legal
reasons，most
restaurants
have
a
policy
against
giving
________
food
waste.(2019·高考浙江卷)
in
up
away
能力提升——翻译句子
④我的体力要耗尽了，因此我不能按计划陪你去书店。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
[实战贴士]
give
in作“上交”讲时，为及物动词，其后可直接加宾语；作“让步；投降”讲时，为不及物动词，其后加介词to，再接宾语。
My
strength
is
giving
out，so
I
cannot
accompany
you
to
the
bookstore
as
planned.
9．insist
that...(should)do
sth.
“坚持主张……做某事”
[教材原句]
Although
she
didn't
know
the
best
way
of
getting
to
places，she
insisted
that
she
organize
the
trip
properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
[归纳拓展]
(1)insist
that...表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，后跟宾语从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”，后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”。
(2)insist
on
(doing)
sth.坚持(做)某事
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①The
doctor
insisted
that
the
sailor
______
(be)
seriously
ill
and
that
he
______________________
(operate)
on
immediately.
②Though
I
preferred
cycling
to
the
company，he
insisted
on
drive
me
there.__________________________
was
(should)be
operated
drive→driving
能力提升——完成句子
③The
teacher
insisted
that
every
minute
____________________________________________
the
work
well.
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
老师坚持要(我们)充分利用每一分钟把工作做好。
(should)
be
made
full
use
of
to
do
10．“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构
[教材原句]
When
I
told
her
the
air
would
be
hard
to
breathe
and
it
would
be
very
cold，she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
[归纳拓展]
(1)在这种句型中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，当不定式与句子的主语有动宾关系且动词是不及物动词时，应该在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
(2)常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard/difficult，interesting，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①A
man
who
is
so
difficult
__________________
(please)
must
be
hard
______________
(work)
with.
②This
problem
is
not
easy
to
figure
it
out.________
③In
my
view，the
new
flat
is
very
comfortable
to
live.________________
to
please
to
work
去掉it
live后加in
能力提升——完成句子
④While
Li
Ping
is
not
a
talkative
girl，___________________________
_.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处不难。
she
is
not
difficult
to
get
along
with
[教材与高考]
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词
1．阅读词汇认知
①(2020·高考浙江卷)Challenging
work
that
requires
lots
of
analytical
thinking,
planning
and
other
managerial
skills
might
help
your
brain
stay
sharp
as
you
age,
a
study
published
Wednesday
in
the
journal
Neurology
suggests.__________________
n.杂志；定期刊物
②(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)According
to
most
calculations,
race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories
(卡路里)
per
hour.
.
③(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)In
2015,
Melissa
Ilardo,
then
a
graduate
student
in
genetics
at
the
University
of
Copenhagen,
heard
about
the
Bajau.
.
④(安徽卷)Advertisements
persuade
us
that
newer
is
better
and
that
we
will
be
happier
with
the
latest
products.
.
n.速度
n.大学毕业生
vt.使……相信
2.
一词多义
①(四川卷)These
hormones
also
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
heart
and
the
blood
flow.__
A．vi.流动
B．vi.流出
C．n.流动
D．n.流量
②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)The
unwilling
parent
organizes
the
meal
schedule,
sends
out
emails,
and
collects
money
for
end?of?season
gifts.__
A．n.时间表
B．n.节目表
C．vt.为某事安排时间
C
A
Ⅱ.语言运用高频点
1．语法填空
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After
___________________________
(graduate)，she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
for
their
schooling.
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Write
a
poem
about
how
courage，__________________________
(determine),
and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
graduation/graduating
determination
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)What
is
Kate's
attitude
__________________
her
mother's
decision?
④(2019·高考天津卷)When
I
graduated
________
high
school,
I
wanted
to
major
in
comparative
literature.
⑤(2018·高考江苏卷)Unlike
fast?food
places,
fine
dining
shops
prefer
customers
______________
(stay)
longer
and
spend.
⑥(2017·高考全国卷Ⅲ)The
trip
is
scheduled
________________
(start)
on
December
21
in
New
York
City.
toward/to
from
to
stay
to
start
2．完形填空
①(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.It
ends
abruptly
at
3,000
meters，giving
way
to
lands
of
low
growing
plants.Further
up，the
weather
changes—low
clouds
envelop
the
mountainsides，which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.I
count
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.Above
4,000
meters
is
the
highland
desert:
gravel
(砾石)，stones
and
rocks.____________
you
climb
into
an
arctic?like
zone
with
permanent
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.
A．Obviously
B．Easily
C．Consequently
D．Finally
58
解析：根据“At
the
base
...Further
up
...Above
4,000
meters
...”可知，这里到了最后一个地方。obviously“明显地”；easily
“容易地”；consequently
“结果”；finally“最后”。故选D。
答案：D
②(2019·高考北京卷)Tina
Stern
received
rides
from
Wilson
for
all
her
four
years
in
college，and
the
trips
meant
much
more
to
her
than
just
free
____________.“It's
not
just
a
ride；you're
not
just
sitting
there
in
awkward
silence
or
with
your
headphones
on，”
Stern
said.
A．transportation
B．style
C．time
D．communication
18
解析：根据下文“It's
not
just
a
ride”可知，这里与ride相呼应，用transportation。
答案：A
③(2017·高考北京卷)Later，when
Hannah
attended
school，she
saw
another
homeless
person.It
was
a
woman，pushing
an
old
shopping
trolley
(购物车)
which
was
piled
with
bags.It
seemed
that
everything
the
woman
owned
was
in
them.This
made
Hannah
very
sad，and
even
more
____________
to
do
something.
A．excited
B．determined
C．energetic
D．grateful
41
解析：看到这些无家可归、缺少食物的人，Hannah决心要帮助他们。determined
adj.“坚定的，坚决的”。
答案：B
Ⅲ.书面表达亮点练
1．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)当新冠疫情(the
epidemic
of
COVID?19)暴发时，他决定成为一名志愿者，在我们社区担任门卫。(determine)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When
the
epidemic
of
COVID?19
broke
out,
he
determined
to
become
a
volunteer
who
works
as
a
gate
guard
in
our
community.
2．(2019·高考北京卷)我坚持认为你应该从北京开始，而且我会带你四处游玩。(insist
that)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．(四川卷)在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。(主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I
insist
that
you
(should)
begin
from
Beijing，and
I'll
show
you
around.
Among
the
four
seasons
in
a
year，summer
is
my
favorite.The
morning
air
is
so
good
to
breathe.
[素养与落实]
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条路线可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
①你建议的路线；②你的理由；③你的祝愿。
Step
1 补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你自毕业后一直梦想到中国游玩，并已决定到中国来，我很高兴。
I'm
delighted
to
learn
that
________________________________________
__________
and
that
_____________________________________________.
②对你的到来，我感到非常兴奋，并迫不及待地给你以下建议。
I'm
excited
about
your
coming，so
_________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
you
have
made
up
your
mind
to
come
to
China
I
can
hardly
wait
to
give
you
some
you
have
dreamt
about/of
visiting
China
ever
since
graduation
recommendations
③相比泰山之旅，我更喜欢长江之行。
____________________
along
the
Yangtze
to
the
trip
to
Mount
Tai.
④通过长江之行，你会更好地了解中国的历史及其人民。(一般将来时)
Through
the
trip
to
the
Yangtze，
_____________________________
_________________________________________________.
⑤长江沿岸不仅风景非常迷人，而且空气呼吸起来很新鲜。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I
prefer
the
tour
of
the
history
of
China
and
its
people
you
will
have
a
good
knowledge
The
views
along
the
river
are
not
only
very
attractive
but
also
the
air
is
fresh
to
breathe.
⑥我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step
2 升级平淡句
1．利用分词作状语升级句②
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I
insist
the
trip
along
the
Yangtze
is
a
better
choice.
Excited
about
your
coming，I
can
hardly
wait
to
give
you
some
recommendations.
2．利用强调句式升级句④
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It
is
through
the
trip
to
the
Yangtze
that
you
will
have
a
good
knowledge
of
the
history
of
China
and
its
people.(共74张PPT)
[单元主题语境]
人与自我之语言学习的规律、方法等
(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
话题：语言的消失 词数：304 难度：★★★★
Languages
have
been
coming
and
going
for
thousands
of
years，but
in
recent
times
there
has
been
less
coming
and
a
lot
more
going.When
the
world
was
still
populated
by
hunter?gatherers，small，tightly
knit
(联系)
groups
developed
their
own
patterns
of
speech
independent
of
each
other.Some
language
experts
believe
that
10,000
years
ago，when
the
world
had
just
five
to
ten
million
people，they
spoke
perhaps
12,000
languages
between
them.
Soon
afterwards，many
of
those
people
started
settling
down
to
become
farmers，and
their
languages
too
became
more
settled
and
fewer
in
number.In
recent
centuries，trade，industrialisation，the
development
of
the
nation?state
and
the
spread
of
universal
compulsory
education，especially
globalisation
and
better
communications
in
the
past
few
decades，all
have
caused
many
languages
to
disappear，and
dominant
languages
such
as
English，Spanish
and
Chinese
are
increasingly
taking
over.
At
present，the
world
has
about
6,800
languages.The
distribution
of
these
languages
is
hugely
uneven.The
general
rule
is
that
mild
zones
have
relatively
few
languages，often
spoken
by
many
people，while
hot，wet
zones
have
lots，often
spoken
by
small
numbers.Europe
has
only
around
200
languages；the
Americas
about
1,000；Africa
2,400；and
Asia
and
the
Pacific
perhaps
3,200，of
which
Papua
New
Guinea
alone
accounts
for
well
over
800.The
median
number
(中位数)
of
speakers
is
a
mere
6,000，which
means
that
half
the
world's
languages
are
spoken
by
fewer
people
than
that.
Already
well
over
400
of
the
total
of
6,800
languages
are
close
to
extinction
(消亡)，with
only
a
few
elderly
speakers
left.Pick，at
random，Busuu
in
Cameroon
(eight
remaining
speakers)，Chiapaneco
in
Mexico
(150)，Lipan
Apache
in
the
United
States
(two
or
three)
or
Wadjigu
in
Australia
(one，with
a
question?mark):
none
of
these
seems
to
have
much
chance
of
survival.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言多样性的发展变化以及种类随人类社会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象。
28．What
can
we
infer
about
languages
in
hunter?gatherer
times?
A．They
developed
very
fast.
B．They
were
large
in
number.
C．They
had
similar
patterns.
D．They
were
closely
connected.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Some
language
experts
believe
...12,000
languages
between
them.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有
500万到
1
000万人时，他们之间可能说12
000种语言。由此可推断，狩猎时代的语言种类很多。
答案：B
29．Which
of
the
following
best
explains
“dominant”
underlined
in
paragraph
2?
A．Complex. B．Advanced.
C．Powerful. D．Modern.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“all
have
caused
many
languages
to
disappear，and
dominant
languages
such
as
English，Spanish
and
Chinese
are
increasingly
taking
over”可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，这就暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful
(强大的，有影响力的)。
答案：C
30．How
many
languages
are
spoken
by
less
than
6,000
people
at
present?
A．About
6,800.
B．About
3,400.
C．About
2,400.
D．About
1,200.
解析：数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“At
present，the
world
has
about
6,800
languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6
800种语言；再根据“The
median
number
of
speakers
is
a
mere
6,000，which
means
that
half
the
world's
languages
are
spoken
by
fewer
people
than
that.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6
000，也就是说有大约3
400种语言的使用人数少于6
000。
答案：B
31．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A．New
languages
will
be
created.
B．People's
lifestyles
are
reflected
in
languages.
C．Human
development
results
in
fewer
languages.
D．Geography
determines
language
evolution.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知，随着社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类社会的发展使得世界上语言的种类越来越少。故选C。
答案：C
一、语言能力
生词僻义/熟词生义
1．populate
v．
2．settled
adj.
3．uneven
adj.
4．account
for
5．well
adv.
构成……的人口
稳定的
分布不均
占据
大大地；远远地
二、思维品质
1．阅读技巧——词义猜测题正确选项特征
(1)与原文上下文联系非常紧密。
(2)可以通过上下文内容的提示确定。原文提示的方式一般有：定义和解释、描述和例证、同义和反义、平行关系以及构词法等。
第29题，根据第二段最后一句中的increasingly
taking
over“越来越占据统治地位”可知，dominant意为“占优势的；占支配地位的”，与C项同义。
2．分析长难句并翻译句子
...and
Asia
and
the
Pacific
perhaps
3,200，of
which
Papua
New
Guinea
alone
accounts
for
well
over
800.
[分析]of
which引导一个
从句，修饰先行词3,200。句中的well为副词，意为“远远地”。
[翻译]
非限制性定语
……亚洲和环太平洋地区大概有3_200种语言，其中仅巴布亚新
几内亚独立国一个国家的语言就远超800种。
三、文化素养
思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你对语言的发展有何认识？当前发展普通话有何意义？
。
随着改革开放和社会主义市场经济的发展，社会对普及普通话的需求
也越来越强烈。因此，在全民中大力推广和普及普通话已经成为当前
社会文化活动中十分重要、非常迫切的一项任务
NO.1 单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多
01核心单词…………………………………………
[先识记]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．___________
him
to
start
at
once
命令他立刻动身
2．__________________
the
wrong
decisions
承认错误的决定
3．the
____________
half
of
the
year下半年
command
recognize
latter
4．the
________
of
the
glass
杯子的底座
5．have
a
sound
economic
________有很好的经济基础
6．a
six?day
____________
六天的航程
7．______________
some
information要求提供一些信息
8．my
____________
language/tongue
我的母语
9．the
______________
introduction
逐渐引入
10．the
amount
________________
borrowed
实际借款数目
11．develop
a
wide
____________________扩大词汇量
12．keep
your
back
________________把你的背挺直
base
base
voyage
request
native
gradual
actually
vocabulary
straight
[再拓展]
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．My
computer
has
a
program
which
can
correct
my
_______________
(spell)
automatically.
2．Nearly
one
hundred
countries
recognize
English
as
their
________________
(office)
language.
3．________________
(actual)，he
is
an
honest
and
reliable
person，whom
you
can
depend
on.
spelling(s)
official
Actually
4．As
is
known
to
all，education
is
a
______________
process，and
people
are
__________________
aware
of
its
importance.(gradual)
5．He
had
changed
so
much
that
you
couldn't
__________________
him.As
a
matter
of
fact，illness
and
age
changed
him
beyond
_____________
_________.(recognize)
6．I
can
hardly
______________
how
grateful
I
feel.I
will
give
her
the
present
as
an
____________________
of
gratitude.(express)
gradual
gradually
recognize
recognition
express
expression
7．I
can
speak
English
________________，so
my
deskmate
admires
my
____________
English
very
much
and
I
usually
feel
encouraged
by
his
compliments.(fluent)
8．____________________
going
out
on
a
date
may
result
in
________________
absence
from
classes，which
will
interfere
with
their
studies.(frequent)
fluently
fluent
Frequently
frequent
02阅读单词…………………………………………
标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆
□elevator □apartment □identity
□lightning
□lorry
□petrol
□eastern
□enrich
□subway
□dialect
□accent
□block
□cab
NO.2 短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累
[必会短语]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．________________________
French精通法语
2．______________________
solid
facts以确凿的事实为依据
3．____________________
what
you
do
因为你做的事
4．______________________
reference
books使用参考书
5．__________________________
people
there
那儿的人数
6．__________________
Guangzhou
by
plane乘飞机去广州
have
a
good
command
of
be
based
on
because
of
make
use
of
the
number
of
leave
for
7．______________
to
the
fire到炉火这边来
8．__________________
the
play在该剧中扮演一个角色
9．dress
__________________
simply穿着十分朴素
10．dislike
people
______________
him不喜欢像他这样的人
11．write
________________________用标准英文写作
12．be
all
right
____________________目前一切正常
come
up
play
a
part
in
more
than
such
as
in
standard
English
at
present
[词汇积累]
1．后缀?ern构成的方位形容词集锦
①eastern东方的；东部的；来自东方的
②western西方的；西部的；来自西方的
③southern南方的；南部的
④northern
北方的；北部的
⑤northwestern西北方的
⑥southeastern东南方的
2．en?前缀和?en后缀改变词性
①rich→v.enrich使富裕
②able→v.enable使能够
③large→v.enlarge使扩大
④sure→v.ensure确保；担保
⑤strength→v.strengthen加强；巩固
⑥short→v.shorten缩短；使变短
3．at时间短语小结
①at
present
现在；目前
②at
times
有时
③at
a
time
一次
④at
one
time
曾经
⑤at
the
beginning
of
在……开始时
⑥at
the
moment
现在
NO.3 句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通
请根据提示完成下列句子
1．even
if＝even
though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句
即使你忙于功课，我还是希望你能参加即将到来的庆祝活动。
_______________________________________，I
hope
you
can
attend
the
upcoming
celebration.(2020·高考天津卷)
Even
if/though
you
are
busy
with
your
lessons
2．more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”
我的英语取得了很大进步，老师表扬了我，与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。
I
made
such
great
progress
in
English
that
my
teacher
praised
me，saying
that
__________________________________________________________.
3．There
is
no
such...“没有这样的……”
世界上没有像你说的那样聪明的人。
There
is
____________________________
you
said
in
the
world.
I
was
more
diligent
than
clever
no
such
wise/clever
person
as
4．This/
That
is
because...意为“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句
他没能赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。
He
missed
the
first
bus
and
_______________________________________.
5．the
way作先行词引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语时，关系词有三种形式：that，in
which或不填
我不喜欢你和那位老人说话的方式。
I
don't
like
the
way
________________________________________.
that
was
because
he
got
up
late
this
morning
(that/in
which)
you
talked
to
the
old
man
1．base
vt.以……为根据
n．基部；基地；基础
[文化金句]
Jiangxi，the
traditional
revolutionary
base，is
full
of
red
culture
resources.
江西作为传统革命根据地，红色文化资源丰富。
[归纳拓展]
(1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上
be
based
on/upon以……为基础；依据……
(2)basic
adj.基本的；基础的
(3)basis
n．基础；根据
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①Stars
apparently
do
not
follow
this
__________
(base)
principle
of
sportsmanship.(2019·高考北京卷)
②Scientists
have
built
an
early?warning
system
__________
(base)
on
mathematical
models.(2019·高考天津卷)
basic
based
能力提升——句式升级
The
restaurant
is
based
on
trust，and
it
is
working
all
right.
→③____________________________，the
restaurant
is
working
all
right.(分词短语作状语)
→④The
restaurant，________________________，is
working
all
right.(定语从句)
Based
on
trust
which
is
based
on
trust
2．command
n．[C]
命令；指令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指挥
[文化金句]
A
foreigner
cannot
have
a
good
command
of
Chinese
unless
he
overcomes
the
cultural
barriers
in
learning
Chinese.
外国人在汉语学习中，只有克服文化障碍才能很好地掌握汉语。
[归纳拓展]
(1)at
one's
command听某人支配
have
a
(good)
command
of掌握；精通(尤指语言)
take
command
of控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command
sb.to
do
sth.命令某人做某事
command
that...(should)
do...命令……做……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①I'm
____
your
command—what
would
you
like
me
to
do?
②The
police
commanded
the
witness
______________________
(describe)
what
had
happened
the
day
before.
→The
police
commanded
that
the
witness
_______________________
(describe)
what
had
happened
the
day
before.
at
to
describe
(should)
describe
③It
was
his
bravery
showed
in
the
rescue
work
that
commanded
our
respect.____
能力提升——完成句子/句式升级
④I
have
_________________________________________________
I
can
communicate
smoothly
with
British
painting
lovers.(such
...that
...)(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
我的英语口语很好，我能和英国的绘画爱好者顺畅地交流。
赢得
such
a
good
command
of
oral
English
that
⑤____________________________________________________
I
can
communicate
smoothly
with
British
painting
lovers.(利用倒装句升级句④)
[实战贴士]
command后面跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”，以下动词具有相同的用法：一坚持：insist；二命令：order，command；三建议：suggest，advise，recommend；四要求：demand，request，require，desire；再加一个敦促：urge。
Such
a
good
command
of
oral
English
do
I
have
that
3．request
n．&
vt.请求；要求
[写作佳句]
Our
teacher
made
a
request
that
we
should
take
this
opportunity
to
talk
about
how
we
learn
English
on
the
Internet.
我们的老师要求我们利用这个机会谈谈我们如何在网上学习英语。
[归纳拓展]
(1)make
a
request
for
sth./that...请求/要求……
at
one's
request应某人的要求
(2)request
sb.to
do
sth.请求某人做某事
request
that...(should)do
sth.请求……
It
is
requested
that...(should)do
sth.据要求……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①All
the
students
are
requested
____________
(get)
involved
in
the
activity.
②It
________________________
(request)
that
all
the
visitors
should
not
take
pictures
of
the
exhibitions.
to
get
is
requested
能力提升——一句多译
老师要求我们为考试做好充分的准备。
③Our
teacher
__________________________________________
the
exam.(request
that
...)
④Our
teacher
_______________________________________________
the
exam.(request
n．)
⑤Our
teacher
_____________________________________________
the
exam.(request
sb.to
do
sth.)
requested
that
we
(should)
be
well
prepared
for
made
a
request
that
we
(should)
be
well
prepared
for
requested
us
to
be
well
prepared
for
[实战贴士]
动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
4．recognize
vt.
辨认出；承认；公认
[写作佳句]
It
is
recognized
that
environmental
pollution
has
become
one
of
the
most
serious
problems.
人们一致认为环境污染已经变成了最严重的问题之一。
[归纳拓展]
(1)recognize
sb./one's
voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be
recognized
to
be/as...被认为是……
It
is
recognized
that...人们公认……
(2)recognition
n．认出；认识
beyond
(all)
recognition认不出来
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①The
film
star
wears
sunglasses.Therefore，he
can
go
shopping
without
________________________________
(recognize)．
②He
is
recognized
____
the
representative
figure
in
this
field.
③I
went
back
to
my
hometown
after
20
years
and
the
city
had
changed
beyond
______________________
(recognize)．
being
recognized
as
recognition
能力提升——句型转换
④The
book
is
recognized
to
be
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
of
this
century.
→_________________________
the
book
is
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
of
this
century.
It
is
recognized
that
5．come
up
走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
[写作佳句]
As
soon
as
the
plan
came
up
at
the
meeting，it
attracted
many
people's
attention.
这个计划在会上一被提出，就引起了许多人的注意。
[归纳拓展]come
about发生；导致
come
up
with想出；提出
come
across
(偶然)遇见；发现
come
to总计；达到
when
it
comes
to...当谈到……
[实战演练]
基础练透——一词多义
①The
student
came
up
to
his
teacher
and
asked
for
advice.____
②The
plan
of
protecting
the
environment
came
up
at
the
meeting
last
year.______
③The
sky
was
dark
blue
when
the
moon
came
up.____
④I
planted
some
seeds
in
the
yard.But
they
failed
to
come
up.____
走近
被提出
升起
发芽
能力提升——完成句子
⑤_____________________________________________________，some
people
think
students
can
benefit
from
it.
当谈到学生上网，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。
⑥Specialists
can
_______________________________________________
the
problem
of
air
pollution.
专家们可能会想出解决空气污染问题的新方法。
When
it
comes
to
students'
surfing
the
Internet
come
up
with
new
ways
to
solve
[实战贴士]
come
up的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、方案等)被提出”，为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；而come
up
with的主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”，为及物动词短语。
6．make
use
of
利用；使用
(use可用good/full/little等词修饰)
[文化金句]
We
students
as
well
as
our
teachers
make
good
use
of
the
gymnasium
to
do
sports
after
class
every
day.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)
每天下课后，我们学生和老师们都充分利用这个体育馆做运动。
(2)come
into
use开始被使用
be
of
(great)
use
(很)有用
It
is
no
use/useless
doing
sth.做某事是没用的
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①We
should
make
full
use
____
every
chance
to
practise
speaking
English.
②It's
no
use
______________________(complain)without
taking
action.
③I
hope
the
information
will
be
of
great
useful
to
you.____________________
of
complaining
useful→use
能力提升——句式升级
We
must
make
full
use
of
every
minute
to
go
over
our
lessons，for
the
final
examination
is
coming.
→④_____________________________________________________，for
the
final
examination
is
coming.(用full
use作主语)
→⑤_____________________________________________________，for
the
final
examination
is
coming.(用every
minute作主语)
Every
minute
must
be
made
full
use
of
to
go
over
our
lessons
Full
use
must
be
made
of
every
minute
to
go
over
our
lessons
[实战贴士]
make
use
of
短语的构成特点为：动词＋名词＋介词；需要关注两种考查方式：(1)把use提前，使用被动语态；(2)把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。
7．more...than...
“与其说……倒不如说……”
[教材原句]
It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。
[归纳拓展]
(1)more
than＋数词或从句 超过……
more
than＋形容词 非常……
more
than＋名词 不只是；不仅是
(2)no
more
than只不过；仅仅
not
more
than不超过；至多
[实战演练]
基础练透——补全句子
①In
the
Sierra
high
country，the
number
of
big
trees
has
fallen
by
________________________________________
(超过55%)．(2019·高考浙江卷)
②History
is
much
______________________________________
(不仅仅是研究)
of
dusty
old
objects
and
events
long
past.(2019·高考天津卷)
more
than
55
percent
more
than
the
study
③I
am
______________________________________
(非常高兴)
to
know
you
are
invited
to
a
dinner
party
by
your
Chinese
friend.
④The
beauty
of
the
Summer
Palace
is
_______________________________
(我无法描述的)．
能力提升——词汇升级
⑤I'd
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
accept
my
invitation.______________
[实战贴士]
more...than...结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比。more和than后接两个并列成分。
more
than
delighted
more
than
I
can
describe
more
than
8．no
such＋单数名词，意为“没有这样的……”
[教材原句]
Believe
it
or
not，there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
[归纳拓展]
(1)no
such＋单数名词＋as...“没有像……这样的”
(2)such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
(4)such...as...“像……这样的……”，as
在句中引导定语从句
[实战演练]
基础练透——对比填空(that/as)
①It's
such
a
difficult
problem
____
we
can't
work
out.
②It's
such
a
difficult
problem
________
we
can't
work
it
out.
as
that
能力提升——完成句子/句式升级
③_____________________________________________.That
is
just
life
trying
to
move
us
in
another
direction.
世上没有失败，那不过是生活想让我们换个方向罢了。
④He
is
such
a
good
professor
that
everyone
respects
him.
→____________________________
that
everyone
respects
him.(用倒装结构升级句子)
[实战贴士]在“no
such＋单数名词”结构中，单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not
such
a(n)＋单数名词”。
There
is
no
such
thing
as
failure
Such
a
good
professor
is
he
[教材与高考]
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词
1．阅读词汇认知
①(2020·
高考天津卷)Now
I
know
who
I
am!
I'm
Tyson's
little
brother,
but
that's
only
part
of
my
identity.
.
n.身份
②(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Because
the
moon's
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
where
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.
.
③(江西卷)Large
football
clubs
benefit
financially
from
TV
income
and
the
top
players
can
command
very
large
salaries.
.
vt.阻挡
vt.赢得
④(2017·高考浙江卷)Some
immigrant
advocates
worry
that
as
hard
financial
times
make
it
more
difficult
for
natives
to
keep
jobs，such
measures
will
become
more
a
vehicle
for
intolerance
than
integration
(融合)．
.
2．一词多义
①(2019·高考天津卷)Touched
by
their
enthusiastic
expression
of
affection,
Mabry
thanked
them
all.“They're
like
my
children，”Mabry
said.__
A．词语
B．表示；
表达
B
n.本国人
②(2018·高考北京卷)Instead
of
walking
a
few
blocks
to
pick
up
a
child
or
the
dry
cleaning,
they
send
the
self?driving
minibus.__
A．n.街区
B．n.一块(木头、石头等)
C．n.栋；座；幢
③(北京卷)Light
typically
travels
in
a
straight
line.But
some
materials
slow
and
scatter
(散射)
light，bouncing
it
away
from
its
original
path.__
A．直的 B．正直的 C．诚实的
A
A
Ⅱ.语言运用高频点
1．语法填空
①(2020·高考天津卷)It
was
so
good
to
feel
accepted
for
what
I'm
good
at.For
the
first
time
in
my
life，I
________________
(actual)
felt
cool.
②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Data
collected
from
the
device
could
be
used
________________________
(recognize)
different
participants
__________
(base)
on
how
they
typed，with
very
low
error
rates.
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)But
then
we
got
an
_________
(office)
letter
and
we
were
blown
away.
actually
to
recognize
based
official
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)However，within
a
few
years，street
sales
of
newspapers
would
be
commonplace
in
______________
(east)
cities.
⑤(2019·天津3月高考)A
wide
smile
emerged
from
his
blank
____________________
(express)．How
beautiful
his
smile
was!
⑥(2019·高考天津卷)On
a
regular
day，students
at
the
school
sometimes
come
____
to
him
to
say
they're
not
feeling
well
or
other
times
to
tell
him
about
something
that
happened
at
break.
eastern
expression
up
2．完形填空
①(2020·高考浙江卷)I
couldn't
see
Don,
but
as
I
____________
the
tractor
he
jumped
out
onto
the
road,
apparently
unhurt,
and
dashed
back
to
me.
A．abandoned
B．approached
C．recognized
D．repaired
解析：此处指“我”没有看到Don，但当“我”靠近拖拉机时，他跳到了路上。approach走近，靠近。
答案：B
50
②(2017·高考江苏卷)For
a
long
time
Gabriel
didn't
want
to
be
involved
in
music
at
all.In
his
first
years
of
high
school，Gabriel
would
look
pityingly
at
the
music
students，struggling
across
the
campus
with
their
heavy
instrument
cases，____________
at
school
for
practice
hours
before
anyone
else
had
to
be
there.
A．rising
up
B．coming
up
C．driving
up
D．turning
up
37
解析：此处表示出现在学校。turn
up
“出现”；rise
up
“升起”；come
up
“上来；发生”；drive
up
“抬高，使上升”。
答案：D
Ⅲ.书面表达亮点练
1．(四川卷)作为一个以中文为母语的人，我的中文讲得很清晰流利，我的老师们对我的中文口语评价很高。(native，fluent)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As
a
native
Chinese
speaker，I
can
speak
Chinese
clearly
and
fluently，and
my
teachers
think
highly
of
my
spoken
Chinese.
2．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)得知你们美术馆要举办中国画展览，我非常高兴申请成为这次活动的志愿者。(more
than)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Learning
that
your
gallery
will
hold
a
Chinese
painting
exhibition，I
am
more
than
glad
to
apply
to
be
a
volunteer
for
the
event.
3．(2020·高考浙江卷)毫无疑问，你有足够的资格和经验来表达你的想法，因为你有丰富的技能。(because
of)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There
is
no
doubt
that
you
are
qualified
enough
and
experienced
in
presenting
your
ideas,
because
of
your
abundant
skills.
[素养与落实]
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的朋友Tom因为受“汉语热”的影响决心学习汉语，来信向你咨询。请你给他写封回信，说明“汉语热”的原因，并提出几条学习汉语的建议。
Step
1 补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①目前，有很多外国人学习汉语，因为中国在世界上起着越来越重要的作用。
____________________，there
are
_____________________________
learning
Chinese，because
China
________________________________.
At
present
a
number
of
foreigners
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
②精通汉语，你就能更好地了解中国这个有着5
000多年历史的国家。
____________________________________________________________，you
will
get
a
better
understanding
of
China，a
country
with
a
history
of
__________________
5,000
years.
③至于学习汉语的建议，我想说世界上没有免费的午餐。
As
for
the
advice
of
learning
Chinese，I
would
say
__________________________________________.
With
a
good
command
of
Chinese
more
than
there
is
no
such
thing
as
a
free
lunch
in
the
world
④说一口流利的中文应该以勤奋为基础。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑤利用一切机会练习汉语，你用得越多，你就学得越好。
___________________________________________________—the
more
you
use
Chinese，the
better
you
will
learn
it.
Speaking
fluent
Chinese/Speaking
Chinese
fluently
should
be
based
on
hard
work.
Make
use
of
every
opportunity/chance
to
practise
Chinese
⑥即使在学习汉语时会出现许多问题，你也不应该放弃。
___________________________________________
in
learning
Chinese，you
should
not
give
up.
Even
if/though
many
problems
may
come
up
Step
2 升级平淡句
1．利用“that
is
because...”句式升级句①
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At
present，there
are
a
number
of
foreigners
learning
Chinese，and
that
is
because
China
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
part
in
the
world.
2．利用强调句式升级句②
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It
is
with
a
good
command
of
Chinese
that
you
will
get
a
better
understanding
of
China，a
country
with
a
history
of
more
than
5,000
years.(共93张PPT)
(2017?高考全国卷Ⅱ)
话题：友谊 词数：291 难度：★★★
I
first
met
Paul
Newman
in
1968，when
George
Roy
Hill，the
director
of
Butch
Cassidy
and
the
Sundance
Kid，introduced
us
in
New
York
City.When
the
studio
didn't
want
me
for
the
film—it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul—he
stood
up
for
me.I
don't
know
how
many
people
would
have
done
that；they
would
have
listened
to
their
agents
or
the
studio
powers.
[单元主题语境]
人与社会之良好的人际关系与社会交往
The
friendship
that
grew
out
of
the
experience
of
making
that
film
and
The
Sting
four
years
later
had
its
root
in
the
fact
that
although
there
was
an
age
difference，we
both
came
from
a
tradition
of
theater
and
live
TV.We
were
respectful
of
craft
(技艺)
and
focused
on
digging
into
the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.Both
of
us
had
the
qualities
and
virtues
that
are
typical
of
American
actors:
humorous，aggressive，and
making
fun
of
each
other—but
always
with
an
underlying
affection.Those
were
also
at
the
core
(核心)
of
our
relationship
off
the
screen.
We
shared
the
belief
that
if
you're
fortunate
enough
to
have
success，you
should
put
something
back—he
with
his
Newman's
Own
food
and
his
Hole
in
the
Wall
camps
for
kids
who
are
seriously
ill，and
me
with
Sundance
and
the
institute
and
the
festival.Paul
and
I
didn't
see
each
other
all
that
regularly，but
sharing
that
brought
us
together.We
supported
each
other
financially
and
by
showing
up
at
events.
I
last
saw
him
a
few
months
ago.He'd
been
in
and
out
of
the
hospital.He
and
I
both
knew
what
the
deal
was，and
we
didn't
talk
about
it.Ours
was
a
relationship
that
didn't
need
a
lot
of
words.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与一位名演员Paul
Newman之间的友谊。
24．Why
was
the
studio
unwilling
to
give
the
role
to
the
author
at
first?
A．Paul
Newman
wanted
it.
B．The
studio
powers
didn't
like
his
agent.
C．He
wasn't
famous
enough.
D．The
director
recommended
someone
else.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When
the
studio
didn‘t
want
me
for
the
film—it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul—he
stood
up
for
me.”可知，电影公司起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。故选C项。
答案：C
25．Why
did
Paul
and
the
author
have
a
lasting
friendship?
A．They
were
of
the
same
age.
B．They
worked
in
the
same
theater.
C．They
were
both
good
actors.
D．They
had
similar
characteristics.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“We
were
respectful
of
craft
and
focused
on
digging
into
the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.Both
of
us
had
the
qualities
and
virtues
that
are
typical
of
American
actors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故选D项。
答案：D
26．What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A．Their
belief.
B．Their
care
for
children.
C．Their
success.
D．Their
support
for
each
other.
解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“We
shared
the
belief
that
if
you're
fortunate
enough
to
have
success，you
should
put
something
back...”可知，下文的内容是对the
belief的解释，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the
belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面，但是共同拥有这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。
答案：A
27．What
is
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A．To
show
his
love
of
films.
B．To
remember
a
friend.
C．To
introduce
a
new
movie.
D．To
share
his
acting
experience.
解析：写作目的题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I
first
met
Paul
Newman
in
1968”以及最后一段中的“I
last
saw
him
a
few
months
ago.”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友。故选B项。
答案：B
一、语言能力
熟词生义/
词类活用
1．stood
up
for
2．underlying
adj.
3．affection
n．
4．What‘s
the
deal？
支持；捍卫；坚决维护
根本的；潜在的；隐含的
喜爱；钟爱
出了什么事？
二、思维品质
1．阅读技巧——因果项原则
阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项或本身就是一个错误的推理。如25题，A项属于本身就是一个错误的推理，B、C两项属于推理不到位。
2．分析长难句并翻译句子
The
friendship
that
grew
out
of
the
experience
of
making
that
film
and
The
Sting
four
years
later
had
its
root
in
the
fact
that
although
there
was
an
age
difference，we
both
came
from
a
tradition
of
theater
and
live
TV.
[分析]that
grew
out
of
the
experience
of
making
that
film
and
The
Sting
four
years
later是关系代词that引导的定语从句修饰先行词friendship。that
although
there
was
an
age
difference，we
both
came
from
a
tradition
of
theater
and
live
TV是同位语从句，作fact的同位语。在这个同位语从句中，含有although引导的让步状语从句。
[翻译]
从拍那部电影和四年后的电影The
Sting的经历中诞生的友谊都根植于一个事实，那就是虽然我们年龄不同，但我们两个都来自传统的戏剧和直播电视。
三、文化素养
思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为怎样才能拥有良好的友谊？
拥有良好的友谊需要热心、真诚、宽容，需要有基本的道德观念。热心帮助别人可以打破人与人之间的冷漠防线，而真诚则可以感动他人。
NO.1 单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多
01核心单词…………………………………………
[先识记]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．
from
the
operation
从手术中康复
2．
with
his
parents
与他的父母意见不一
recover
disagree
3．
up
the
clothes
收拾衣服
4．
a
lot
of
people使许多人感到不高兴
5．
the
difficult
problems
解决困难的问题
6．
their
advice忽视他们的建议
7．
huge
losses遭受巨大的损失
8．out
of
出于关心
9．a
club
for
一家青少年俱乐部
10．give
me
some
practical
给我提供一些实用的小窍门
11．take/seize/lose
掌握/夺取/失去政权
pack
upset
settle
ignore
suffer
concern
teenagers
tips
power
12．remain/keep/stay
保持镇静
13．be
deeply
感激不尽
14．like
to
play
喜欢在户外玩耍
calm
grateful
outdoors
[再拓展]
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．I
am
extremely
(grate)
to
all
the
teachers
for
their
help.
2．All
the
furniture
is
(dust)；I
guess
the
room
has
been
empty
for
a
long
time.
3．There
is
nobody
else
like
me，with
my
exact
abilities，talents
and
ideas.(exact)
grateful
dusty
exactly
4．A
few
people
while
most
people
disagreed，so
no
was
made.(agree)
5．A
fly
kept
the
boy.He
was
so
that
he
the
cup
on
the
desk.(upset)
6．Our
parents
are
about
our
health.As
far
as
I'm
，we
should
talk
with
them
and
tell
them
our
.(concern)
7．The
village
was
destroyed.It
now
looked
different
from
the
previous
one.(entire)
agreed
agreement
upsetting
upset
upset
concerned
concerned
concerns
entire
entirely
8．After
he
came
to
，everyone
said
he
was
a
leader，but
now
he
feels
so
that
he
even
can't
save
his
daughter.(power)
9．The
doctor
said
her
father
would
soon
and
we
wish
her
father
would
make
a
full
from
the
operation.(recover)
10．The
old
man
went
through
a
lot
of
in
the
old
days.What's
worse，he
from
a
heart
attack
when
he
was
in
his
eighties.(suffer)
power
powerful
powerless
recover
recovery
sufferings
suffered
02阅读单词…………………………………………
标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆
□loose □gossip □thunder
□curtain
□highway
□suitcase
□overcoat
□swap
□item
□survey
□loneliness
□vet
□secondly
NO.2 短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累
[必会短语]
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．
these
figures把这些数字加起来
2．
the
facts把这些事实写下来
3．
the
place爱上这个地方
4．
hardships经历艰难困苦
add
up
set
down
fall
in
love
with
go
through
5．
play
computer
games不再玩电脑游戏
6．
his
fellows
与他的同伴相处融洽
7．
waiting厌烦等待
8．
excuses一连串的借口
9．
the
research
project参加这项研究项目
10．
a
cold患感冒
11．
make
it
safe为了安全起见
no
longer
get
along
well
with
get/be
tired
of
a
series
of
join
in
suffer
from
in
order
to
12．reach
the
destination
黄昏时到达目的地
13．stay
awake
故意不睡觉
14．talk
with
me
同我面对面交谈
at
dusk
on
purpose
face
to
face
[词汇积累]
1．dis?否定前缀词精选
①disagree
vi.不同意
②dislike
vt.不喜欢
③disappear
vi.消失
④disappoint
vt.使失望
⑤discourage
vt.使气馁
⑥discover
vt.发现
⑦disobey
vt.违反
⑧distrust
vt.不信任
2．“感谢”家族
①grateful
adj.感激的→gratitude
n．感激
②appreciate
v．感激；感谢→appreciation
n．感激
③thank
v．感谢→thanks
n．感谢
④acknowledge
v．致谢；感谢→acknowledgment
n．致谢；感谢
3．“n.＋prep.＋n.”类短语聚焦
①face
to
face
面对面
②heart
to
heart
心连心
③shoulder
to
shoulder
肩并肩
④hand
in
hand
手拉手
⑤back
to
back
背对背
⑥side
by
side
肩并肩
⑦day
after
day
日复一日
⑧step
by
step
一步步
NO.3 句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通
请根据提示完成下列句子
1．状语从句的省略
当面对困难和失败时，我必须克服它们。
，I
must
overcome
them.(2020·高考天津卷)
When
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures
2．before引导时间状语从句，意为“……之后才……”
时间过得真快！不知不觉两个月过去了。
How
time
flies！Two
months
have
gone
by
.(2020·高考浙江卷)
before
we
know
it
3．“It
is/was...that/who...”强调句型结构
除此之外，正是他丰富的经验和对教学的投入，不仅让我们更容易获得专业知识，更重要的是塑造了我们的性格。
On
top
of
that，
not
only
give
us
easy
access
to
professional
knowledge
but
most
importantly
shape
our
character.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
it
is
his
rich
experience
and
devotion
to
teaching
that
4．It/
This/
That
is/was
the
first
time
that
sb.has/have/
had
done
sth.这/那是某人第一次做某事。
如果被录取，我一定会做得很好，因为这是我第一次当志愿者。
If
accepted，I
will
do
it
well
surely
because
.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
this
is
the
first
time
that
I
have
been
a
volunteer
1．upset
adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt.使不安；使心烦；打翻
[写作佳句]
I
was
upset
to
know
that
he
passed
away
because
of
the
COVID?19.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
得知他因新冠肺炎而去世的消息，我感到很沮丧。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be/feel
upset
about/over/at
sth.为某事心烦/难过
be
upset
to
do
sth.对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)It
upsets
sb.to
do
sth./that
...让某人心烦的是……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①In
my
opinion，there
is
no
point
being
upset
it.
②She
was
upset
(know)
that
her
application
for
the
position
was
refused.
③The
other
day，all
my
plans
(upset)
by
the
sudden
change
of
the
weather.
about/over/at
to
know
were
upset
能力提升——句式升级
I
didn't
know
how
to
get
along
with
my
roommates
and
that
upset
me.
→④I
didn't
know
how
to
get
along
with
my
roommates，
.(定语从句)
→⑤
I
didn't
know
how
to
get
along
with
my
roommates.(it作形式主语)
→⑥
I
didn't
know
how
to
get
along
with
my
roommates.(主语从句)
which
upset
me
It
upset
me
that
What
upset
me
was
that
[实战贴士]
(1)upset作形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语；(2)upset作动词时，过去式和过去分词形式都是upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting；(3)熟词生义：打乱；打翻。
2．concern
vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n．担心；关注；(利害)关系
[文化金句]
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
some
information
concerning
Chinese
table
manners.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
我想和你分享一些关于中国餐桌礼仪的情况。
[归纳拓展](1)show/express
concern
about/for对……表示关心
(2)concerned
adj.担忧的；关心的；相关的；有关的
be
concerned
about/for担心……；关心……
as/so
far
as...be
concerned就……而言；依……之见
(3)concerning
prep.关于；涉及
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/完成语段
①Nowadays
people
are
more
concerned
the
environment
where
they
live.
②Environmental
protection
has
been
one
of
the
global
.It
is
a
major
issue
that
each
individual
is
about.An
increasing
number
of
people
are
for
environment
and
global
conferences
environmental
protection
take
place
regularly.As
far
as
I
am
，we
will
have
a
bluer
sky
in
the
near
future.(concern)
about/for
concerns
concerned
concerned
concerning
concerned
能力提升——词汇升级
In
my
opinion，it
is
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
rest，which
will
provide
enough
energy
for
you.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)
→③
，it
is
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
rest，which
will
provide
enough
energy
for
you.
→④
，it
is
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
rest，which
will
provide
enough
energy
for
you.
[实战贴士]
concern用作名词，表示“关怀，关心”时是不可数名词，而表示“对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事”时是可数名词。
From
my
point
of
view
As
far
as
I'm
concerned
3．power
n.
能力；力量；权力；动力
[写作佳句]
Ever
since
the
party
came
into
power
last
year，great
changes
of
people's
life
have
taken
place.
自从去年这个政党上台以来，人们的生活发生了很大变化。
[归纳拓展](1)in
power当权
come
to/into
power掌权；上台
do
all/everything
in
one's
power
to
do
sth.竭尽全力做某事
beyond
one‘s
power超出某人的能力
(2)powerful
adj.强大的；有影响/感染力的；有势力的
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义
①Though
he
has
been
power
for
two
years，he
hasn't
found
an
effective
solution
to
the
country's
economic
problems.
②Unfortunately，it's
my
power
to
get
through
the
work
in
such
a
short
time.
③Jennifer
is
a
first?generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family—and
that's
pretty
(power)．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
in
beyond
powerful
基础练透——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义
④They
have
invented
a
new
car，which
is
powered
by
solar
batteries.
vt.供以动力
能力提升——词汇升级
⑤I'll
try
my
best
to
perform
well
in
the
volunteer
job.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
→I'll
to
perform
well
in
the
volunteer
job.
[实战贴士]
表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：
①do/try
one's
best
to
do
sth.
②make
every
effort
to
do
sth.
③spare
no
effort
to
do
sth.
do
all/everything
in
my
power
4．settle
vi.
安家；定居；停留
vt.
使定居；安排；解决
[写作佳句]
Don't
just
idle
away
your
precious
time；settle
down
to
some
reading
or
something
else.
不要把大好时光浪费掉，开始读点书或做点别的什么事儿。
[归纳拓展](1)settle
in/into
sth.适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settle
in...在……居住
settle
down定居；平静下来
settle
down
to
(doing)
sth.开始专心做某事
(2)settler
n．移民；殖民者；(问题等的)解决者
settlement
n．定居；解决；协议
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①With
all
the
difficult
problems
(settle)，the
boss
went
abroad
for
a
trip.
②Its
geographical
position
attracted
the
early
(settle)
to
New
York
City.
③Mr.and
Mrs.Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
settle
，get
married，and
have
kids.
④With
so
much
noise
outside，I
couldn't
settle
down
to
go
over
my
lessons.
settled
settlers
down
go→going
能力提升——一句多译
外面那么多的噪声以至于我们不能专心学习。
⑤There
was
so
much
noise
outside
that
we
were
unable
to
.(absorb)
⑥There
was
so
much
noise
outside
that
we
were
unable
to
.(settle)
be
absorbed
in
studying
settle
down
to
studying
5．suffer
vt.&
vi.
遭受；忍受；经历
[文化金句]
The
Summer
Palace
is
one
of
the
most
famous
imperial
gardens.During
various
periods
of
wars，it
suffered
extensive
damage.
颐和园是中国最著名的皇家园林之一，经过战乱遭到严重的破坏。
[归纳拓展](1)suffer
pain/defeat/damage/loss遭受痛苦/失败/破坏/损失
suffer
from受……折磨；受……之苦；患某种疾病
(2)suffering
n．痛苦；让人痛苦的事
sufferer
n．患者；受害者
[实战演练]
基础练透——选词填空(suffer/suffer
from)/单句语法填空
①Among
obese
children，about
30
percent
also
high
levels
of
blood
sugar
and
fat.
②The
party
a
humiliating
defeat
in
the
general
election.
③The
civil
war
of
Syria
has
brought
great
(suffer)
to
tens
of
thousands
of
people.
suffer
from
suffered
sufferings
能力提升——句式升级
④He
had
never
suffered
such
a
great
loss
in
his
life，so
he
almost
lost
the
hope
for
life.
→
in
his
life，he
almost
lost
the
hope
for
life.(分词短语作状语)
[实战贴士]
(1)suffer
用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain，loss，defeat，poverty，hunger，punishment，hardship，damage等名词作宾语；(2)suffer
用作不及物动词时，后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
Not
having
suffered
such
a
great
loss
6．recover
vi.&
vt.
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
[写作佳句]
If
you
like，I'd
like
to
go
there
together
with
you
in
August
when
I
have
recovered.
如果你愿意，我想在8月份康复后和你一起去。
[归纳拓展](1)recover
from从……中恢复
recover
oneself镇定下来
(2)recovery
n．恢复；复苏；康复
make
a
recovery
from从……中恢复
[实战演练]
基础练透——选词填空(recover/recover
from)/单句语法填空
①Because
of
the
serious
accident，it
took
him
more
than
two
years
to
his
injury.
②She
soon
herself
and
stopped
crying.
③In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
(recover)．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
recover
from
recovered
recovery
能力提升——一句多译
尽管他在交通事故中严重受伤，但最后他终于康复了。
④Even
though
he
was
hurt
seriously
in
the
car
accident，
.(recover)
⑤Even
though
he
was
hurt
seriously
in
the
car
accident，
.(recovery)
he
finally
recovered
from
it
he
finally
made
a
recovery
from
it
7．add
up
合计；把……加起来
[写作佳句]
Add
up
all
the
expenses
and
you'll
find
that
you
cannot
afford
the
trip.
把所有的费用加起来，你会发现你负担不起这次旅行。
[归纳拓展]
add
sth.to
sth.把……加到/进……里
add
up
to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add
to增加；增添(多用于抽象意义)
add
that...补充说……
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①The
short
film
will
surely
add
your
further
understanding
of
the
development
of
our
school.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)
②My
uncle
agreed，
(add)
that
my
father
had
got
to
go
with
me.
③The
dictionary
is
out
of
date:
many
words
(add)
to
the
language
since
it
was
published.
to
adding
have
been
added
能力提升——微写作
④The
boss
said
it
was
not
easy
to
manage
a
company.He
the
difficult
situation
at
present
.However，the
dormitory
for
workers
needed
improving
and
they
would
each
room.He
and
the
total
more
than
100,000
yuan.
老板说管理一家公司不容易。他补充说，当前的困境增加了困难。然而，员工的宿舍需要改善，并且他们将在每个房间增加一个卫生间。他把所有的费用加起来，总和超过十万元。
added
that
added
to
the
difficulties
add
a
toilet
to
added
up
all
the
expenses
added
up
to
[实战贴士]
add
up的主语是人；add
up
to后面接合计起来的数目，其主语一般是带有数字之类的“事物”。
8．go
through经历；经受；仔细检查；完成；通过；浏览
[写作佳句]
Study
and
write
at
your
own
pace—you
do
not
have
to
rush—as
you
have
a
year
to
go
through
the
project.
以自己的速度学习和写作，你不必匆忙，因为你有一年的时间来完成这个项目。
[归纳拓展]
go
against违背；违反
go
by逝去；过去
go
over复习；仔细检查
go
on继续；进行；发生
go
out出去；熄灭
go
up上涨；上升；攀登
[实战演练]
基础练透——一词多义
①I
had
to
go
through
a
lot
of
difficulties
to
become
strong
enough
to
solve
it.
②As
you
go
through
this
book，you
will
find
that
each
of
the
millions
of
people
had
a
different
experience.
经历
浏览
基础练透——一词多义
③The
plan
went
through，which
made
us
all
happy.
.
④I
had
just
gone
through
my
homework
when
the
telephone
rang.
.
通过
完成
能力提升——完成句子
⑤Our
teacher
chose
many
important
exercises
for
us，and
I
also
.
我们的老师为我们选了很多重要的习题，同时我也复习了语言点。
went
over
the
language
points
at
the
same
time
9．get
along/on
with
与……相处；进展
[文化金句]
With
rich
experience
in
receiving
foreign
students，I'm
sure
I
can
get
along
smoothly
with
my
work.(2018·高考浙江卷)
我有丰富的接待外国学生的经验，因此我相信我的工作会进展顺利。
[归纳拓展](1)get
along/on
well/nicely
with
sb.与某人相处得好
get
along/on
well/nicely/smoothly
with
sth.某事进展得好/顺利
(2)get
down
to
(doing)
sth.开始(做)某事
get
across讲清楚；(使)被领会
get
through(电话)接通；用完；通过；度过
get
over克服
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错
①I
worked
hard
and
got
well
with
my
classmates.
②Though
speaking
slowly，I
didn't
get
my
meaning
.
③It's
time
I
got
down
to
think
about
my
future
plan.
.
along/on
across
think→thinking
能力提升——完成句子
④As
a
Chinese
painting
lover，I
know
a
lot
about
this
art
form.I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
I
.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
作为一个中国画爱好者，我对这种艺术形式很了解。我坚信我能顺利地完成我的工作。
can
get
along
smoothly
with
my
work
10．状语从句的省略
[教材原句]
While
walking
the
dog，you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.
在遛狗的时候，你不小心松了手，结果它被一辆汽车撞了。
[归纳拓展](1)状语从句省略的条件：①when，while，though，even
if，unless，if，as
if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；②状语从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式。
(2)省略句的形式：省略从句中的主语和be动词。
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①Once，while
(work)
overnight
at
a
store，he
let
a
homeless
man
sleep
in
this
truck.(2019·高考北京卷)
②When
(invite)
to
your
Chinese
friend's
home，you'd
better
arrive
on
time
or
a
little
earlier.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
working
invited
能力提升——句式升级
③If
I
am
accepted，I
can
introduce
Chinese
painting
skills
to
visitors.It
can
help
them
know
more
about
Chinese
culture.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)
→
，I
can
introduce
Chinese
painting
skills
to
visitors，
.(合并升级为含有定语从句和省略句的复合句)
If
accepted
which
can
help
them
know
more
about
Chinese
culture
11．before
引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty?five
months
before
they
were
discovered.
她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。
含before
的常用句式：
[归纳拓展](1)It
won't
be
long
before...“用不了多久就会……”(before从句用一般现在时)
(2)It
wasn't
long
before...“没过多久就……”(before从句用一般过去时)
(3)It
will
be＋一段时间＋before...“要过若干时间之后才……”(before从句用一般现在时)
(4)It
was＋一段时间＋before...“过了若干时间才……”(before从句用一般过去时)
[实战演练]
基础练透——单句语法填空
①He
was
told
that
it
would
be
at
least
three
months
he
could
recover
and
return
to
work.
②Students
should
have
a
proper
attitude
towards
college
thinking
about
which
college
to
attend.
③It
has
been
two
weeks
you
returned
to
your
home
country
and
I've
been
missing
you
very
much.
before
before
since
能力提升——完成句子/句型转换
④
he
finishes
the
work.
他得花三年才能完成这项工作。
⑤
he
realized
his
mistakes
and
said
sorry
to
his
friend
Peter.
将近一天之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友彼得道歉。
⑥John
thinks
he
will
finish
his
homework
before
long.
→John
thinks
he
finishes
his
homework.
It
will
be
three
years
before
It
was
nearly
a
day
before
it
won't
be
long
before
[实战贴士]
before
conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活：①还没来得及……就…… ②……之后才…… ③在……之前 ④(不久)就…… ⑤以免……
⑥趁着……(还没有)
[教材与高考]
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词
1．阅读词汇认知
①(2020·高考浙江1月)Mom
always
adds
here
that，as
many
times
as
I
zoomed
across
the
lawn
after
that，I
never
again
crashed
into
that
tree.
vt.补充说
②(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Call
Lost
Property
on
13
16
17
during
business
hours
for
items
lost
on
Queensland
Rail
services.
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)We
were
first
greeted
with
the
barking
by
a
pack
of
dogs，seven
to
be
exact.
④(2015·高考浙江卷)After
having
taught
fifth?grade
classes
for
four
years，I
decided
to
try
at
all
costs
to
rid
them
of
their
fear
and
dislike
of
books，and
to
get
them
to
read
oftener
and
more
adventurously.
⑤(2019·高考天津卷)Prevention
is
key，scientists
say，because
once
ecosystems
pass
their
tipping
point，it
is
remarkably
difficult
for
them
to
return.
n.物品
n.一群
n.厌恶
临界点
2．一词多义
①(2018·高考浙江卷)Here
are
a
few
tips
to
help
you
win
over
everyone
in
the
neighborhood
quickly.(
)
A．小费 B．技巧；提示 C．尖端 D．付小费
E．弄翻；使倾斜
②(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)People
settle
in
these
places
because
they
are
easy
to
get
to
and
naturally
suited
to
communications
and
trade.
(
)
A．安排 B．解决 C．使平静 D．安家；定居
B
D
③(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)It
does
point
out
that
many
parents
still
limit
electronic
reading，mainly
due
to
concerns
about
increased
screen
time.
(
)
A．涉及 B．担心 C．关注
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)This
view
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
climbers
go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
(
)
A．经历 B．通过
C．完成 D．仔细检查
A
B
Ⅱ.语言运用高频点
1．语法填空
①(2020·高考浙江卷)We
all
miss
you
and
are
looking
forward
to
your
early
(recover)．
②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)The
man
spent
his
weekend
(pack)
for
a
move.
③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)If
there
is
truly
a
concern
about
a
professor's
professionalism
or
ability，be
sure
to
use
online
course
evaluations
to
(calm)
offer
your
comments.
recovery
packing
calmly
④(2019·高考江苏卷)We
assume
that
a
large
brain
makes
huge
advantages.It
seems
obvious
that
these
have
made
humankind
the
most
(power)
animal
on
earth.
⑤(2019·高考天津卷)History
is
much
more
than
the
study
of
(dust)
old
objects
and
events
long
past.
⑥(2018·高考江苏卷)It
can
be
concluded
that
restaurant
keepers
need
not
“be
overly
(concern)
about
‘bad’
tables，”
given
that
they're
profitable.
powerful
dusty
concerned
2．完形填空
①(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)After
a
while,
she
apologized
for
the
way
she
behaved
at
the
beginning.She
had
split
up
with
her
husband
the
week
before,
was
living
in
a
flat
__52__，and
since
she'd
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with
(应对),
she'd
taken
it
out
on
other
people.
A．by
chance B．by
herself
C．on
purpose
D．on
duty
解析：根据上文split
up
with
her
husband可知，她和丈夫离婚了，独自住在公寓里。by
herself“她自己”。by
chance“偶然地”，on
purpose“故意地”，on
duty“上班，值班”。
答案：B
②(2019·高考浙江卷)Baptiste
Dubanchet
is
biking
across
Europe,
surviving
__38__on
discarded
(丢弃)
food.
The
three?month,
1,900?mile
journey
from
Paris
to
Warsaw
is
Dubanchet's
way
of
raising
awareness
of
food
waste
in
Europe
and
throughout
the
world.
A．secretly
B．finally
C．entirely
D．probably
解析：Baptiste
Dubanchet正在骑自行车穿越欧洲，而他一路上只吃被丢弃的食物。此处指完全靠丢弃的食物来维持生活，以此唤醒人们珍惜食物的意识。secretly“秘密地”；finally“最后”；entirely“完全地”；probably“可能地”。
答案：C
③(2019·高考天津卷)Looking
back，I
feel
blessed
someone
had
wanted
to
help
a
stranger.Erin
had
gone
beyond
what
almost
anyone
would
have
done，finding
my
house
on
a
bitterly
cold
night，and
for
that
I
was
extremely
__35__.
A．longing
B．enthusiastic
C．concerned
D．grateful
解析：根据“Looking
back，I
feel
blessed
someone
had
wanted
to
help
a
stranger.”可知，作者在此表达感激(grateful)之情。
答案：D
④(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Ehlers
returned
to
Minnesota，and
then
drove
100
miles
to
Minneapolis
to
put
Rosie
on
a
flight
to
Michigan.“It's
good
to
know
there's
still
someone
out
there
who
__56__
enough
to
go
to
that
kind
of
trouble，”
says
Lisa
of
Ehlers'
rescue
effort.
A．cares
B．sees
C．suffers
D．learns
解析：分析本句中的“says
Lisa
of
Ehlers'
rescue
effort”可知，这句是狗的女主人Lisa赞美Ehlers的话。她认为有人能够关心(care)一条狗，真是一件好事。
答案：A
Ⅲ.书面表达亮点练
1．(2020·高考浙江卷)我们衷心希望您早日康复，早日回到中国。(recover)
.
2．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)他经历了许多困难，这都没有使他沮丧。(go
through)
.
We
sincerely
hope
you
will
recover
yourself
quickly
and
return
to
China
earlier
He
went
through
many
difficulties，which
didn't
cast
him
down
3．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)最后一点，在作为2010年上海世博会志愿者工作期间，我积累了很多经验。(状语从句的省略)
.
Last
but
not
least，while
working
as
a
volunteer
for
Expo
2010
Shanghai，I
accumulated
much
experience
[素养与落实]
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Ann
发来邮件说她在新学校与朋友相处方面遇到了一些问题。请你根据以下提示给她回信。1.表示理解；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。
Step
1 补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你在你的新学校很难与你的朋友相处，我很难过。
your
friends
in
your
new
school.
I'm
sorry
to
learn
that
you're
having
trouble
(in)
getting
along
with
②没有必要难过，因为许多青少年在新的环境中也许面临同样的问题。
when
they
are
in
a
new
environment.
③如果你采用我的建议问题很容易得到解决。
if
you
take
my
tips.
④为了与朋友相处得好，为什么不和他们面对面交流呢？
There
is
no
need
to
be
upset
because
many
teenagers
may
face
the
same
problem
The
problem
is
easy
to
settle
In
order
to
be
on
good
terms
with
your
friends，why
not
communicate
with
them
face
to
face?
⑤我建议你在必要时帮助朋友，这能使你和他们培养亲密的关系。
，and
that
will
enable
you
to
develop
a
close
bond
with
them.
⑥希望我的建议对你有帮助。
.
I
suggest
you
help
your
friends
when
necessary
Hope
my
advice
will
be
of
help
to
you
Step
2 升级平淡句
1．利用状语从句的省略句式升级句②
.
2．利用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
.
There
is
no
need
to
be
upset
because
many
teenagers
may
face
the
same
problem
when
in
a
new
environment
I
suggest
you
help
your
friends
when
necessary，which
will
enable
you
to
develop
a
close
bond
with
them
