辽宁省六校协作体2019-2020学年高一上学期英语入学考试试卷

辽宁省六校协作体2019-2020学年高一上学期英语入学考试试卷
一、阅读理解(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
1．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
I remember the first time I got on a horse.
When I was a little boy aged two, my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and
that was it! From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.
When I was four, I had mutism,
in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days,
weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a
friend. I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist
(心理学家) had
an idea. He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world. He
explained I was going to be given a chance to work for that. And I was
permitted to whisper the answer in my mother's ear, "A horse."
I was to get a pony, but I had
to live up to my end of the bargain (讲价). I had a list of weekly tasks I
had to finish. I had to answer the phone five times per week, something I had
never done before. I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list
went on. For a child with mutism, saying one word to someone can be like
climbing Mount Qomolangma. I did everything that was asked of me and the day came.
His name was Sequoia, whom I fell in love with immediately. When I was in
Sequoia's presence, I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.
I am a fully participating
member of society these days. My horse and I made it through a master's degree.
I may have made it otherwise, but I'm not sure. I feel I owe my life to the
horse and I try to give it back to him. He has given me the best gift I could
ever imagine, my life.
（1）What was the situation like when the author was four
A．He didn't say a word at all. B．He learned how to ride a horse.
C．He found his classmates unfriendly. D．He had difficulty in communicating.
（2）What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3
A．He completed some tasks easily.
B．He pushed himself extremely hard.
C．He fell in love with Sequoia gradually.
D．He found the psychologist's idea useless.
（3）What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To share his unfortunate childhood.
B．To give tips on how to cure mutism.
C．To show his deep gratefulness to his horse.
D．To encourage kids struggling against mutism.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在四岁的时候，语言沟通出现障碍，心理学家想到一个办法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到了他从小就梦想拥有的一匹小马，这匹小马的到来，治愈了作者所有的问题，使作者感觉到强大和安全的，作者十分感激这匹小马。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days, weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend."可知，我四岁的时候在一些社交场合不说话，在学校几天，几周或者几个月也不发一声，最多同朋友说悄悄话。可见，作者在语言沟通上出现了障碍，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，心理学家想出一个办法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到小马，而对于一个有不言症的孩子来说，说话是一件十分困难的事情，而作者又特别渴望得到小马，因此推断作者应该是极其努力的逼迫自己去完成说话任务，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知作者可以完全的参与社会活动，这都归功于作者的马，并且作者认为这匹小马给了他生命，赋予他力量，因此作者写这匹文章的目的就是要感谢这匹小马，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a
bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit
family life.
The legislation（立法）,
worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw
protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the
law. A large part of their profit is earned on weekends.
As of March 1, shops and
markets are closed on two Sundays per month; in 2019 only one Sunday a month
will be open for shopping; and starting in 2020, there will be no Sunday
shopping with a few exceptions.
Duda praised the law as giving
children a chance to be with parents and giving shop workers some needed time off.
He also said big traders will need to adjust their practices to the new system
and asked them for "understanding". But critics say some of them make
employees work long hours for modest pay.
"A family should be
together on Sundays," Olszewska said after buying some food at a local
Biedronka, a large discount supermarket chain. She said that before she retired
she served cold cuts in a grocery store, and was grateful she never had to work
on Sundays.
There are some exceptions to
the ban. For instance, gas stations, cafes, pharmacies and some other
businesses are allowed to keep operating on Sundays.
Anyone breaking the new rules
faces a fine of up to 100,000 zlotys （$ 29,500）,
while repeat offenders may face a prison sentence. Polish trade union appealed
to people to report any violators to the National Labor Inspectorate, a state
body.
（1）Who will get some loss from the bill according to the passage
A．The polish President Andrzej Duda.
B．Some large western supermarket chains.
C．All the markets in Poland.
D．Some common Polish families.
（2）What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Children had no time to play with their parents before.
B．Duda paid great attention to the shop workers.
C．Some workers will work extra hours on weekdays.
D．All the businesses will make adjustments to the bill.
（3）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Family life will be more important than shopping in Poland.
B．More and more western supermarket chains will leave Poland.
C．The supermarket employees will have no job on Sundays in Poland.
D．Sunday shopping will be limited by the government in Poland.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，在波兰周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”The legislation（立法）, worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law.“可知，根据这一法案，一些西方大型连锁超市将从法案中得到一些损失。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.“可知，一些工人在工作日会多工作几个小时。故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段”Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.“可知，周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Something Fun
A person is on trial for murder
in a court room in Oklahoma. There is strong evidence indicating that he is
guilty（有罪的）.
However, the body is not found.
In the defense's (辩护方)
closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like he'll probably be seriously
punished, decided to play a clever trick.
"Ladies and gentlemen of
the jury (陪审团), I have a surprise for you all," the lawyer says as he looks
at his watch. "Within one minute, the person assumed dead in this case
will walk into this court room," he says and he looks towards the
court-room door. The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A
minute passes. Nothing happens.
Finally the lawyer says,
"Actually, I made up the previous statement. But you all waited with
expectation. I, therefore, put it to you that there is a reasonable doubt in
this case as to whether anyone was killed and insist that you pass a judgment
of not guilty."
The jury, clearly confused,
back off to discuss.
A very few minutes later, the
jury returned and one of them pronounces a verdict (裁决) of
guilty.
"But how " asks the
lawyer in surprise "You must have had some doubt; I saw all of you stare at the door."
Answers the jury member, "Oh, we did look. But your client didn't."
（1）Why was the person on trial according to the passage
A．Because he couldn't pay off the debts.
B．Because he probably killed somebody.
C．Because he didn't pay the tax in time.
D．Because he planned to cheat the jury.
（2）Why did the lawyer come up with the trick
A．To find the body. B．To frighten the jury.
C．To help his client. D．To save himself.
（3）Why did the jury look at the door eagerly
A．The lawyer's words must be true.
B．They expected his family to come in.
C．They were surprised and cheated by the lawyer.
D．They thought the person on trial was escaping.
（4）What did the jury member's answer mean in the last paragraph
A．They firmly believed that nobody was killed.
B．The behaviour of the client gave him away.
C．The jury still needed more evidence to prove it.
D．The lawyer's words were worth thinking about.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在俄克拉荷马州一间法庭上审判犯人，辩方律师想通过小把戏为其当事人谋得无罪释放，但最终陪审团识破而且判处当事人有罪。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"There is strong evidence indicating that he is guilty（有罪的）. However, the body is not found."可知已经有强有力的证据证明当事人是有罪的，只不过还没有找到尸体，因此当事人可能是因为杀人罪而被审判的，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In the defense's (辩护方) closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like he'll probably be seriously punished, decided to play a clever trick."可知，这位律师知道他的委托人是有罪的并且会受到严重的惩罚，但是作为律师，他的职责就是要帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，因此他决定玩小把戏是为了帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A minute passes. Nothing happens. "可知陪审团对于律师的话感到很惊讶，但是最终什么也没发生，因此陪审团知道是被律师骗了，故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Answers the jury member, ‘Oh, we did look. But your client didn't.'" 可知陪审团成员的意思是我们的确盯着门看，但是当事人没有，因此推断出当事人不相信律师的话，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
（1）Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B．Food poisoning means death.
C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D．Food poisoning can be serious.
（2）We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning .
A．are always accompanied by a fever B．are too common to be noted
C．can be noticed within hours D．can he ignored
（3）Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT .
A．some chemicals B．low temperatures
C．some tiny living things D．certain natural materials
（4）From Paragraph 5, we can learn that .
A．mushrooms should not be eaten
B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D．different types of food should be handled differently
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that .
A．natural materials are safe in food processing
B．chemicals are needed in food processing
C．food poisoning can be kept under control
D．food poisoning is out of control
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品中毒的症状，原因，告诉人们怎样储存食物避免变质和导致食品中毒。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.“ 食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些种类是致命的。可知选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.“食物中毒的症状通常从食用有毒食物后数小时内开始。可知选C。
（3） （3）考查细节理解。根据第二三四段开头的主旨句可知certain microorganisms，chemicals和natural poisons是导致food poisoning的原因，未提到low temperatures，故选 B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.“当人们妥善处理食物时，食物中毒的风险非常小。可推知选D.
（5）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.“当人们妥善处理食物时，食物中毒的风险非常小。可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
5．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Diet Myths — Get the facts, or your diet may fail!
Dieting is hard work, and there
are plenty of "helpful" diet tricks that can make weight loss even
harder. 　 　
Carbs(含碳水化合物的食物)
are bad for you. Carbohydrates are actually an important source of energy.
There are good carbs and bad carbs. Some foods, like white bread or white rice,
are example of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice.
They're rich in fiber and really good for you!
　 　 On the contrary, studies show that people who
eat breakfast will eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know
you're going to be eating a big meal later, don't starve yourself in order to
save you calories. You'll just eat more during the meal because you're so
hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise
more.
You can control where your body
loses weight. Bad news – if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your
stomach won't work. 　 　 Cardio(有氧运动) exercises
will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your
"trouble areas" might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising!
Your weight depends on your
genes. 　 　 While a "fat gene" does exist, its
influence on your size is small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater
effect than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes – the
rest is up to you.
Say "no" to junk
food. Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad
foods. 　 　 To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80
percent of the time, but allow yourself in a treat or two the other 20 percent.
A. You can't target where you lose weight.
B. But the more strict your diet is, the more likely you are to break it – and in
a big way.
C. Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind
them.
D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.
E. If you and your family have problems with obesity, you're not sure to
be fat.
F. Don't miss meals but exercise.
G. Instead of choosing a difficult diet, find one you can manage and
stick to it every day.
【答案】C；D；A；E；B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，节食是一项艰苦的工作，并且有很多"有益"的饮食技巧使减肥更加困难，并具体介绍了一些关于的减肥常见神话和它们背后的真相。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of ‘helpful' diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder. “节食是一项艰苦的工作，并且有很多"有益"的饮食技巧使减肥更加困难，承接下文，C. Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them.”这有一些关于的减肥常见神话和它们背后的真相。“下文具体列出了几种情况，因此承上启下，故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后"On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast will eat fewer calories throughout the day. ”相反，研究表明，吃早餐的人一天中摄入的卡路里会更少。D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight."不吃饭可以帮助你减掉更多的体重。"吃饭与不吃饭相反，故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"You can control where your body loses weight. Bad news – if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your stomach won't work."可知你并不能控制你的身体在哪个部位减肥，同A.You can't target where you lose weight."相呼应，切题，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文可知即使存在"肥胖"的基因，它的影响也是很小的。E.If you and your family have problems with obesity, you're not sure to be fat." 呼应，切题，故选E。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. “许多人认为减肥的关键是切断所有不良食物；以及空后”To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but allow yourself in a treat or two the other 20 percent.“为了减肥并避开不良食物，80%的时间吃好的，但允许其他20%的时间一到两次。"B选项既承接上文，下文又对其进行解释说明，故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空（共20个小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
6．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）完形填空
On a cold winter night, when
the moon was shining clearly, and the snow lay on the ground, two foxes started
out on a hunt to obtain something to satisfy their hunger. In order to （1） time on the boring way, they sang and frisked,
as they walked along.
For some time, they were （2） in their hunt. Neither in the wood, （3） on the plain, not in the valley, nor on the
hill, could they discover even a goose（鹅） or a （4） .
At last, they came to a farmer's barn, standing by the roadside. Looking （5） in, their eyes （6） as they saw the farmer's fattest chickens
sitting inside, without a thought of the approaching （7） .
Finding a hole （8） which they could enter with （9） ,
they hurried in, and speedily secured those unprotected chickens.
One of them, too much （10） for a second thought, abandoned(放纵)
himself without limit to the （11） before him. The other, however, having looked
carefully about him, concluded it best to control his appetite.
In fact, he had noticed that
the opening which had just permitted them to （12） their way through was extremely small. He
thought that if, slim and half-starved, they could barely enter, but to pass
out at the same place after a rich meal could be totally （13） .
What, then, would become of him, if suddenly （14） ,
and he had to escape for his life
Just as morning began to dawn,
who should appear （15） the farmer himself His eye instantly fell （16） the two foxes, and seizing a wooden pole, he （17） the trembling criminals hard.
The cautious one, who had
denied （18） , escaped through the opening by which he
had entered. But the other, attempting to follow him, （19） firmly, and, being unable either to get
through the hole or （20） back, was easily killed by the angry farmer.
（1）A．kill B．waste C．save D．spend
（2）A．tired B．unsatisfied C．unsuccessful D．relaxed
（3）A．nor B．or C．never D．seldom
（4）A．mice B．fish C．lion D．rabbit
（5）A．happily B．cautiously C．freely D．carelessly
（6）A．broadened B．brightened C．enlarged D．darkened
（7）A．friends B．enemies C．danger D．chance
（8）A．from B．in C．through D．with
（9）A．difficulty B．luck C．energy D．help
（10）A．delighted B．careful C．considerate D．depressed
（11）A．goose B．lunch C．fun D．feast
（12）A．walk B．force C．crawl D．step
（13）A．likely B．helpful C．impossible D．probable
（14）A．discovered B．disclosed C．explored D．escaped
（15）A．and B．with C．but D．beside
（16）A．at B．away C．off D．on
（17）A．fought B．fired C．attacked D．cursed
（18）A．themselves B．herself C．itself D．himself
（19）A．trapped B．stuck C．escaped D．held
（20）A．return B．turn C．head D．leave
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；（11）D；（12）B；（13）C；（14）A；（15）C；（16）D；（17）C；（18）D；（19）B；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是两个狐狸狩猎的故事，一个狐狸做事前谨慎思考，最终逃跑，另一个只顾眼前利益，不思考退路，最后被农夫杀死。
（1）考查动词。句意：为了在无聊的路上消磨时间，他们边走边唱边跳。A. kill”杀死“；B. waste”浪费“； C. save”节省，节约“； D. spend”花费“。故选A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：有一段时间，他们的狩猎没有成功。A. tired”累的“；B. unsatisfied”不满的“；C. unsuccessful”不成功的“；D. relaxed”放松的“。根据下文他们一件猎物也没获得可知，是不成功的，故选C。
（3）考查副词。句意：无论是在树林里，还是在平原上，无论在山谷里，还是在山上，它们甚至没能发现一只鹅或狮子。A. nor” 也不“; B. or”或者“; C. never”决不, 永不“; D. seldom”很少“。neither…nor… 固定短语，”既不......也不......“，故选A。
（4）考查名词。句意：无论是在树林里，还是在平原上，无论在山谷里，还是在山上，它们甚至没能发现一只鹅或狮子。A. mice”老鼠“; B. fish”鱼“; C. lion”狮子“; D. rabbit”兔子“。根据句意在山谷和山上经常出现的应该是狮子，故选C。
（5）考查副词。句意：他们小心地看着里面，当看农舍里面农夫最肥的鸡时，他们的眼睛亮了起来，没有考虑即将来临的危险。A. happily”高兴地“; B. cautiously”小心地, 谨慎地“; C. freely”自由地“; D. carelessly”粗心大意地“。和后面即将到来的危险相呼应，应该是小心地，故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：他们小心地看着里面，当看农舍里面农夫最肥的鸡时，他们的眼睛亮了起来，没有考虑即将来临的危险。A. broadened”加宽, 放阔“; B. brightened”发光, 发亮“; C. enlarged”扩展，扩大“; D. darkened”变暗“。因为前面狩猎不成功，现在看到肥鸡，因此眼睛放光，故选B。
（7）考查介词。A. from”从, 自“; B. in”在......…中，在......内“; C. through”通过, 经由“; D. with”用, 具有“。通过立体空间，一般用through，文章是通过一个洞，故选C。
（8）考查名词。句意：他们发现一个洞，他们可以很困难地进入，他们急忙进去，迅速地抓获那些未受保护的鸡。A. friends”朋友“; B. enemies”敌人“; C. danger”危险“; D. chance”机会“。当他们看到肥鸡的时候，眼睛亮了，不再考虑危险，故选C。
（9）考查名词。句意：他们发现一个洞，他们可以很困难地进入，他们急忙进去，迅速地抓获那些未受保护的鸡。A. difficulty”困难“; B. luck”幸运“; C. energy”能力, 精力“; D. help”帮助“。根据下文吃饱了就不能从开口出来可知是费劲地进去，故选A。
（10）考查形容词。句意：其中一个太高兴而没有思考再三，放纵自己，没有限制冲到他面前的盛宴。A. delighted”高兴的“; B. careful”小心的, 谨慎的“; C. considerate”体谅的, 关心的“; D. depressed”抑郁的，消沉的“。根据下文可知，一只狐狸根本没考虑后路，应该是太高兴了，故选A。
（11）考查名词。句意：其中一个太高兴而没有思考再三，放纵自己，没有限制冲到他面前的盛宴。A. goose”鹅“; B. lunch”午餐“; C. fun”有趣,乐趣“; D. feast”宴会,酒席“。故选D。
（12）考查动词。句意：事实上，他注意到，刚刚允许他们通过的开口非常小。A. walk”走“; B. force”迫使, 强迫“; C. crawl”爬“；D. step”走, 跨步“。和上文的困难的相呼应，应该是迫使他们进入，故选B。
（13）考查形容词。句意：他认为，如果瘦弱或者半饥饿，他们几乎勉强进入，但在一顿丰盛的饭在同一个地方通过是完全不可能的。A. likely”可能的“; B. helpful”有益的, 有用的“; C. impossible”不可能的“; D. probable”可能的“。根据下文一只狐狸逃跑，另一只狐狸被卡在洞里，可知这里应该填不可能的，故选C。
（14）考查动词。句意：那么，如果他突然被发现了，他会变成什么样子呢？而他不得不逃命。A. discovered”发现“; B. disclosed”泄露“; C. explored”探索，研究“; D. escaped”逃跑“。故选A。
（15）考查介（连）词。句意：就在天亮的时候，除了农夫自己，还有谁会出现呢？A. and”和, 并且“; B. with”和......一起“; C. but”但是“; D. beside”在......旁边“。but在这里表示”除…之外没有“的意思，故选C。
（16）考查介词。句意：他的眼睛立刻落在两只狐狸身上，抓住一根木杆，狠狠地攻击着颤抖的罪犯。A. at”在,到“; B. away”远离,在远处“; C. off”离开,脱离“; D. on”在.....上面“。fall on固定短语，”落在......之上“，故选D。
（17）考查动词。句意：他 的 眼睛立刻落在两只狐狸身上，抓住一根木杆，狠狠地攻击着颤抖的罪犯。A. fought”打架, 吵架“; B. fired”开火, 射击“; C. attacked”供给“; D. cursed”诅咒“。根据句意拿起木棍，应该是攻击对方，故选C。
（18）考查代词。句意：谨慎的人拒绝了自己，从他进入的开口处逃脱了。A. themselves”他们自己“; B. herself”她自己“; C. itself”它自己“；D. himself”他自己“。文章指代狐狸的人称代词都用的是he，这里指另一只狐狸自己，故选D。
（19）考查动词。句意：而另一个试图跟随他，坚定地跟住，不能通过动也不能转身，很容易被愤怒的农民杀死。A. trapped”设陷阱捕捉，诱捕“; B. stuck”粘住“； C. escaped”逃跑“; D. held”抓住, 握住“。另一只狐狸是紧跟其后，跟住，粘住更符合情景，故选B。
（20）考查动词。句意：A. return”返回“; B. turn”转动, 旋转“; C. head”前进, 出发“； D. leave”离开“。另一只狐狸由于吃的太饱没办法通过也没办法转身，turn back固定短语，” 转身“，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
7．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
April Fool's day is a day 　 　 people can play jokes on others. No one knows
for sure how this holiday began. Some English people hold the 　 　 (believe) that it began on the day during the
1200s. At that time, King John of England was in 　 　 habit of making a road out of nearly every
path he walked regularly. The citizens of one farm village were aware of this.
To protect their grass and farms from being destroyed, they built a fence that
prevented the king from walking through their countryside. The king sent a
group of soldiers to inform the villagers to remove the fence. 　 　 hearing that, however, the villagers developed
a plan of their own. When the soldiers arrived, the villagers ran around and
shouted wildly with things 　 　 (throw) away everywhere, behaving as if they 　 　(go) mad. The soldiers reported to the
king that they were so mad as to be beyond punishment. The villagers saved their
farmland 　 　 (success) by tricking the king. Now April's
day 　 　 (remain) in fashion, 　 　 the tradition only allows tricks from midnight
to noon on April 1st. Those who try to play tricks in the afternoon act as 　 　(fool) themselves and are usually laughed
at.
【答案】when；belief；the；On/Upon；thrown；had gone；successfully；remains；but；fools
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了愚人节的起源和由来。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：愚人节是人们可以愚弄别人的日子。定语从句不缺少任何成分，a day指时间，故填关系副词when。
（2）考查名词。句意：一些英国人相信它是从 1200 年代的一天开始的。作hold的宾语，应该用名词，并且that引导的是同位语从句，对前面的名词进行解释说明，故填belief。
（3）考查冠词。句意：当时，英格兰国王约翰习惯在他经常走的每一条路上开辟一条路。be in the habit of …固定短语，”习惯于......“，故填the。
（4）考查介词。句意：然而，村民们一听说，就制定了自己的计划。On/Upon +doing表示一…就…， 故填On/Upon。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：当士兵们到达时，村民们跑来跑去，疯狂地喊着，到处都是扔掉的东西，表现得好像疯了似的。修饰things 作定语，和things之间形成被动关系，故填thrown。
（6）考查虚拟语气。句意：当士兵们到达时，村民们跑来跑去，疯狂地喊着，到处都是扔掉的东西，表现得好像疯了似的。as if从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用"had＋过去分词"，故填had gone。
（7）考查副词。句意：村民们通过欺骗国王成功地挽救了他们的农田。修饰动词save做状语，故填successfully。
（8）考查时态。句意：现在四月的日子仍然流行，但传统只允许从午夜到四月一日的中午。主语是单数，而且时间状语是now，用一般现在时，故填remains。
（9）考查连词。句意：现在四月的日子仍然流行，但传统只允许从午夜到四月一日的中午。前后两句转折关系，故填but。
（10）考查名词。句意：那些试图在下午耍花招的人自己也像傻瓜一样，通常会被嘲笑。这里themselves可以看出应用名词复数，fool是可数名词，故填fools。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，冠词，介词，非谓语动词，虚拟语气，副词，时态，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、书面表达（满分25分）
8．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）假设你叫李明，已满18岁，正读高三，平时喜欢上网、听音乐和、打篮球，性格外向，乐于助人。暑假期间，你在报纸上看到一个超市招兼职销售员，请你写封信给人事部经理申请这份工作，一是为了锻炼自己，二是为了积累工作经验，为将来步入社会做准备。随信附上你的电话（66885592）以及电子邮箱(liming@)
注意：⒈字迹工整，词数为120左右；
⒉开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数
Dear Manager,
I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in
Senior 3.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear
Manager,
I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in
Senior 3. I like surfing the Internet, listening to music, swimming and playing
basketball in my spare time. And I' m outgoing and ready to help others.
I'm extremely pleased to see
your advertisement for the position of salesman in the newspaper, and I would
like to apply for it during this summer vacation because I think it is very
useful to me. On the one hand, I want to examine myself in the modern society
and would like to train my ability. On the other hand, I can gain some working
experience for my future job.
I'll be much grateful if you
can offer me a precious opportunity to an interview and I'm sure I can do my
best in the job. My telephone number is 66885592 and my email is
liming@.
I'm looking forward to hearing
from you soon. Best regards for your health and success.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李明的身份写一封信申请工作。写作背景：你已满18岁，正读高三，平时喜欢上网、听音乐和、打篮球，性格外向，乐于助人。暑假期间，你在报纸上看到一个超市招兼职销售员，请你写封信给人事部经理申请这份工作，一是为了锻炼自己，二是为了积累工作经验，为将来步入社会做准备。随信附上你的电话（66885592）以及电子邮箱(liming@)。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in Senior 3.运用了同位语； I'm extremely pleased to see your advertisement for the position of salesman in the newspaper, and I would like to apply for it during this summer vacation because I think it is very useful to me. 运用了不定式作原因状语，并列句和原因状语从句； I'll be much grateful if you can offer me a precious opportunity to an interview and I'm sure I can do my best in the job. 运用了并列句，条件状语从句和名词性从句。
1 / 1辽宁省六校协作体2019-2020学年高一上学期英语入学考试试卷
一、阅读理解(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
1．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
I remember the first time I got on a horse.
When I was a little boy aged two, my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and
that was it! From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.
When I was four, I had mutism,
in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days,
weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a
friend. I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist
(心理学家) had
an idea. He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world. He
explained I was going to be given a chance to work for that. And I was
permitted to whisper the answer in my mother's ear, "A horse."
I was to get a pony, but I had
to live up to my end of the bargain (讲价). I had a list of weekly tasks I
had to finish. I had to answer the phone five times per week, something I had
never done before. I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list
went on. For a child with mutism, saying one word to someone can be like
climbing Mount Qomolangma. I did everything that was asked of me and the day came.
His name was Sequoia, whom I fell in love with immediately. When I was in
Sequoia's presence, I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.
I am a fully participating
member of society these days. My horse and I made it through a master's degree.
I may have made it otherwise, but I'm not sure. I feel I owe my life to the
horse and I try to give it back to him. He has given me the best gift I could
ever imagine, my life.
（1）What was the situation like when the author was four
A．He didn't say a word at all. B．He learned how to ride a horse.
C．He found his classmates unfriendly. D．He had difficulty in communicating.
（2）What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3
A．He completed some tasks easily.
B．He pushed himself extremely hard.
C．He fell in love with Sequoia gradually.
D．He found the psychologist's idea useless.
（3）What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To share his unfortunate childhood.
B．To give tips on how to cure mutism.
C．To show his deep gratefulness to his horse.
D．To encourage kids struggling against mutism.
2．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a
bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit
family life.
The legislation（立法）,
worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw
protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the
law. A large part of their profit is earned on weekends.
As of March 1, shops and
markets are closed on two Sundays per month; in 2019 only one Sunday a month
will be open for shopping; and starting in 2020, there will be no Sunday
shopping with a few exceptions.
Duda praised the law as giving
children a chance to be with parents and giving shop workers some needed time off.
He also said big traders will need to adjust their practices to the new system
and asked them for "understanding". But critics say some of them make
employees work long hours for modest pay.
"A family should be
together on Sundays," Olszewska said after buying some food at a local
Biedronka, a large discount supermarket chain. She said that before she retired
she served cold cuts in a grocery store, and was grateful she never had to work
on Sundays.
There are some exceptions to
the ban. For instance, gas stations, cafes, pharmacies and some other
businesses are allowed to keep operating on Sundays.
Anyone breaking the new rules
faces a fine of up to 100,000 zlotys （$ 29,500）,
while repeat offenders may face a prison sentence. Polish trade union appealed
to people to report any violators to the National Labor Inspectorate, a state
body.
（1）Who will get some loss from the bill according to the passage
A．The polish President Andrzej Duda.
B．Some large western supermarket chains.
C．All the markets in Poland.
D．Some common Polish families.
（2）What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Children had no time to play with their parents before.
B．Duda paid great attention to the shop workers.
C．Some workers will work extra hours on weekdays.
D．All the businesses will make adjustments to the bill.
（3）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Family life will be more important than shopping in Poland.
B．More and more western supermarket chains will leave Poland.
C．The supermarket employees will have no job on Sundays in Poland.
D．Sunday shopping will be limited by the government in Poland.
3．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Something Fun
A person is on trial for murder
in a court room in Oklahoma. There is strong evidence indicating that he is
guilty（有罪的）.
However, the body is not found.
In the defense's (辩护方)
closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like he'll probably be seriously
punished, decided to play a clever trick.
"Ladies and gentlemen of
the jury (陪审团), I have a surprise for you all," the lawyer says as he looks
at his watch. "Within one minute, the person assumed dead in this case
will walk into this court room," he says and he looks towards the
court-room door. The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A
minute passes. Nothing happens.
Finally the lawyer says,
"Actually, I made up the previous statement. But you all waited with
expectation. I, therefore, put it to you that there is a reasonable doubt in
this case as to whether anyone was killed and insist that you pass a judgment
of not guilty."
The jury, clearly confused,
back off to discuss.
A very few minutes later, the
jury returned and one of them pronounces a verdict (裁决) of
guilty.
"But how " asks the
lawyer in surprise "You must have had some doubt; I saw all of you stare at the door."
Answers the jury member, "Oh, we did look. But your client didn't."
（1）Why was the person on trial according to the passage
A．Because he couldn't pay off the debts.
B．Because he probably killed somebody.
C．Because he didn't pay the tax in time.
D．Because he planned to cheat the jury.
（2）Why did the lawyer come up with the trick
A．To find the body. B．To frighten the jury.
C．To help his client. D．To save himself.
（3）Why did the jury look at the door eagerly
A．The lawyer's words must be true.
B．They expected his family to come in.
C．They were surprised and cheated by the lawyer.
D．They thought the person on trial was escaping.
（4）What did the jury member's answer mean in the last paragraph
A．They firmly believed that nobody was killed.
B．The behaviour of the client gave him away.
C．The jury still needed more evidence to prove it.
D．The lawyer's words were worth thinking about.
4．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读理解
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
（1）Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B．Food poisoning means death.
C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D．Food poisoning can be serious.
（2）We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning .
A．are always accompanied by a fever B．are too common to be noted
C．can be noticed within hours D．can he ignored
（3）Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT .
A．some chemicals B．low temperatures
C．some tiny living things D．certain natural materials
（4）From Paragraph 5, we can learn that .
A．mushrooms should not be eaten
B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D．different types of food should be handled differently
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that .
A．natural materials are safe in food processing
B．chemicals are needed in food processing
C．food poisoning can be kept under control
D．food poisoning is out of control
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
5．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Diet Myths — Get the facts, or your diet may fail!
Dieting is hard work, and there
are plenty of "helpful" diet tricks that can make weight loss even
harder. 　 　
Carbs(含碳水化合物的食物)
are bad for you. Carbohydrates are actually an important source of energy.
There are good carbs and bad carbs. Some foods, like white bread or white rice,
are example of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice.
They're rich in fiber and really good for you!
　 　 On the contrary, studies show that people who
eat breakfast will eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know
you're going to be eating a big meal later, don't starve yourself in order to
save you calories. You'll just eat more during the meal because you're so
hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise
more.
You can control where your body
loses weight. Bad news – if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your
stomach won't work. 　 　 Cardio(有氧运动) exercises
will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your
"trouble areas" might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising!
Your weight depends on your
genes. 　 　 While a "fat gene" does exist, its
influence on your size is small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater
effect than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes – the
rest is up to you.
Say "no" to junk
food. Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad
foods. 　 　 To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80
percent of the time, but allow yourself in a treat or two the other 20 percent.
A. You can't target where you lose weight.
B. But the more strict your diet is, the more likely you are to break it – and in
a big way.
C. Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind
them.
D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.
E. If you and your family have problems with obesity, you're not sure to
be fat.
F. Don't miss meals but exercise.
G. Instead of choosing a difficult diet, find one you can manage and
stick to it every day.
三、完形填空（共20个小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
6．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）完形填空
On a cold winter night, when
the moon was shining clearly, and the snow lay on the ground, two foxes started
out on a hunt to obtain something to satisfy their hunger. In order to （1） time on the boring way, they sang and frisked,
as they walked along.
For some time, they were （2） in their hunt. Neither in the wood, （3） on the plain, not in the valley, nor on the
hill, could they discover even a goose（鹅） or a （4） .
At last, they came to a farmer's barn, standing by the roadside. Looking （5） in, their eyes （6） as they saw the farmer's fattest chickens
sitting inside, without a thought of the approaching （7） .
Finding a hole （8） which they could enter with （9） ,
they hurried in, and speedily secured those unprotected chickens.
One of them, too much （10） for a second thought, abandoned(放纵)
himself without limit to the （11） before him. The other, however, having looked
carefully about him, concluded it best to control his appetite.
In fact, he had noticed that
the opening which had just permitted them to （12） their way through was extremely small. He
thought that if, slim and half-starved, they could barely enter, but to pass
out at the same place after a rich meal could be totally （13） .
What, then, would become of him, if suddenly （14） ,
and he had to escape for his life
Just as morning began to dawn,
who should appear （15） the farmer himself His eye instantly fell （16） the two foxes, and seizing a wooden pole, he （17） the trembling criminals hard.
The cautious one, who had
denied （18） , escaped through the opening by which he
had entered. But the other, attempting to follow him, （19） firmly, and, being unable either to get
through the hole or （20） back, was easily killed by the angry farmer.
（1）A．kill B．waste C．save D．spend
（2）A．tired B．unsatisfied C．unsuccessful D．relaxed
（3）A．nor B．or C．never D．seldom
（4）A．mice B．fish C．lion D．rabbit
（5）A．happily B．cautiously C．freely D．carelessly
（6）A．broadened B．brightened C．enlarged D．darkened
（7）A．friends B．enemies C．danger D．chance
（8）A．from B．in C．through D．with
（9）A．difficulty B．luck C．energy D．help
（10）A．delighted B．careful C．considerate D．depressed
（11）A．goose B．lunch C．fun D．feast
（12）A．walk B．force C．crawl D．step
（13）A．likely B．helpful C．impossible D．probable
（14）A．discovered B．disclosed C．explored D．escaped
（15）A．and B．with C．but D．beside
（16）A．at B．away C．off D．on
（17）A．fought B．fired C．attacked D．cursed
（18）A．themselves B．herself C．itself D．himself
（19）A．trapped B．stuck C．escaped D．held
（20）A．return B．turn C．head D．leave
四、语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
7．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
April Fool's day is a day 　 　 people can play jokes on others. No one knows
for sure how this holiday began. Some English people hold the 　 　 (believe) that it began on the day during the
1200s. At that time, King John of England was in 　 　 habit of making a road out of nearly every
path he walked regularly. The citizens of one farm village were aware of this.
To protect their grass and farms from being destroyed, they built a fence that
prevented the king from walking through their countryside. The king sent a
group of soldiers to inform the villagers to remove the fence. 　 　 hearing that, however, the villagers developed
a plan of their own. When the soldiers arrived, the villagers ran around and
shouted wildly with things 　 　 (throw) away everywhere, behaving as if they 　 　(go) mad. The soldiers reported to the
king that they were so mad as to be beyond punishment. The villagers saved their
farmland 　 　 (success) by tricking the king. Now April's
day 　 　 (remain) in fashion, 　 　 the tradition only allows tricks from midnight
to noon on April 1st. Those who try to play tricks in the afternoon act as 　 　(fool) themselves and are usually laughed
at.
五、书面表达（满分25分）
8．（2019高一上·辽宁开学考）假设你叫李明，已满18岁，正读高三，平时喜欢上网、听音乐和、打篮球，性格外向，乐于助人。暑假期间，你在报纸上看到一个超市招兼职销售员，请你写封信给人事部经理申请这份工作，一是为了锻炼自己，二是为了积累工作经验，为将来步入社会做准备。随信附上你的电话（66885592）以及电子邮箱(liming@)
注意：⒈字迹工整，词数为120左右；
⒉开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数
Dear Manager,
I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in
Senior 3.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在四岁的时候，语言沟通出现障碍，心理学家想到一个办法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到了他从小就梦想拥有的一匹小马，这匹小马的到来，治愈了作者所有的问题，使作者感觉到强大和安全的，作者十分感激这匹小马。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days, weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend."可知，我四岁的时候在一些社交场合不说话，在学校几天，几周或者几个月也不发一声，最多同朋友说悄悄话。可见，作者在语言沟通上出现了障碍，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，心理学家想出一个办法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到小马，而对于一个有不言症的孩子来说，说话是一件十分困难的事情，而作者又特别渴望得到小马，因此推断作者应该是极其努力的逼迫自己去完成说话任务，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知作者可以完全的参与社会活动，这都归功于作者的马，并且作者认为这匹小马给了他生命，赋予他力量，因此作者写这匹文章的目的就是要感谢这匹小马，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，在波兰周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”The legislation（立法）, worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law.“可知，根据这一法案，一些西方大型连锁超市将从法案中得到一些损失。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.“可知，一些工人在工作日会多工作几个小时。故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段”Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.“可知，周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在俄克拉荷马州一间法庭上审判犯人，辩方律师想通过小把戏为其当事人谋得无罪释放，但最终陪审团识破而且判处当事人有罪。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"There is strong evidence indicating that he is guilty（有罪的）. However, the body is not found."可知已经有强有力的证据证明当事人是有罪的，只不过还没有找到尸体，因此当事人可能是因为杀人罪而被审判的，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In the defense's (辩护方) closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like he'll probably be seriously punished, decided to play a clever trick."可知，这位律师知道他的委托人是有罪的并且会受到严重的惩罚，但是作为律师，他的职责就是要帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，因此他决定玩小把戏是为了帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A minute passes. Nothing happens. "可知陪审团对于律师的话感到很惊讶，但是最终什么也没发生，因此陪审团知道是被律师骗了，故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Answers the jury member, ‘Oh, we did look. But your client didn't.'" 可知陪审团成员的意思是我们的确盯着门看，但是当事人没有，因此推断出当事人不相信律师的话，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品中毒的症状，原因，告诉人们怎样储存食物避免变质和导致食品中毒。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.“ 食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些种类是致命的。可知选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.“食物中毒的症状通常从食用有毒食物后数小时内开始。可知选C。
（3） （3）考查细节理解。根据第二三四段开头的主旨句可知certain microorganisms，chemicals和natural poisons是导致food poisoning的原因，未提到low temperatures，故选 B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.“当人们妥善处理食物时，食物中毒的风险非常小。可推知选D.
（5）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.“当人们妥善处理食物时，食物中毒的风险非常小。可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．【答案】C；D；A；E；B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，节食是一项艰苦的工作，并且有很多"有益"的饮食技巧使减肥更加困难，并具体介绍了一些关于的减肥常见神话和它们背后的真相。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of ‘helpful' diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder. “节食是一项艰苦的工作，并且有很多"有益"的饮食技巧使减肥更加困难，承接下文，C. Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them.”这有一些关于的减肥常见神话和它们背后的真相。“下文具体列出了几种情况，因此承上启下，故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后"On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast will eat fewer calories throughout the day. ”相反，研究表明，吃早餐的人一天中摄入的卡路里会更少。D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight."不吃饭可以帮助你减掉更多的体重。"吃饭与不吃饭相反，故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"You can control where your body loses weight. Bad news – if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your stomach won't work."可知你并不能控制你的身体在哪个部位减肥，同A.You can't target where you lose weight."相呼应，切题，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文可知即使存在"肥胖"的基因，它的影响也是很小的。E.If you and your family have problems with obesity, you're not sure to be fat." 呼应，切题，故选E。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. “许多人认为减肥的关键是切断所有不良食物；以及空后”To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but allow yourself in a treat or two the other 20 percent.“为了减肥并避开不良食物，80%的时间吃好的，但允许其他20%的时间一到两次。"B选项既承接上文，下文又对其进行解释说明，故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
6．【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；（11）D；（12）B；（13）C；（14）A；（15）C；（16）D；（17）C；（18）D；（19）B；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是两个狐狸狩猎的故事，一个狐狸做事前谨慎思考，最终逃跑，另一个只顾眼前利益，不思考退路，最后被农夫杀死。
（1）考查动词。句意：为了在无聊的路上消磨时间，他们边走边唱边跳。A. kill”杀死“；B. waste”浪费“； C. save”节省，节约“； D. spend”花费“。故选A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：有一段时间，他们的狩猎没有成功。A. tired”累的“；B. unsatisfied”不满的“；C. unsuccessful”不成功的“；D. relaxed”放松的“。根据下文他们一件猎物也没获得可知，是不成功的，故选C。
（3）考查副词。句意：无论是在树林里，还是在平原上，无论在山谷里，还是在山上，它们甚至没能发现一只鹅或狮子。A. nor” 也不“; B. or”或者“; C. never”决不, 永不“; D. seldom”很少“。neither…nor… 固定短语，”既不......也不......“，故选A。
（4）考查名词。句意：无论是在树林里，还是在平原上，无论在山谷里，还是在山上，它们甚至没能发现一只鹅或狮子。A. mice”老鼠“; B. fish”鱼“; C. lion”狮子“; D. rabbit”兔子“。根据句意在山谷和山上经常出现的应该是狮子，故选C。
（5）考查副词。句意：他们小心地看着里面，当看农舍里面农夫最肥的鸡时，他们的眼睛亮了起来，没有考虑即将来临的危险。A. happily”高兴地“; B. cautiously”小心地, 谨慎地“; C. freely”自由地“; D. carelessly”粗心大意地“。和后面即将到来的危险相呼应，应该是小心地，故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：他们小心地看着里面，当看农舍里面农夫最肥的鸡时，他们的眼睛亮了起来，没有考虑即将来临的危险。A. broadened”加宽, 放阔“; B. brightened”发光, 发亮“; C. enlarged”扩展，扩大“; D. darkened”变暗“。因为前面狩猎不成功，现在看到肥鸡，因此眼睛放光，故选B。
（7）考查介词。A. from”从, 自“; B. in”在......…中，在......内“; C. through”通过, 经由“; D. with”用, 具有“。通过立体空间，一般用through，文章是通过一个洞，故选C。
（8）考查名词。句意：他们发现一个洞，他们可以很困难地进入，他们急忙进去，迅速地抓获那些未受保护的鸡。A. friends”朋友“; B. enemies”敌人“; C. danger”危险“; D. chance”机会“。当他们看到肥鸡的时候，眼睛亮了，不再考虑危险，故选C。
（9）考查名词。句意：他们发现一个洞，他们可以很困难地进入，他们急忙进去，迅速地抓获那些未受保护的鸡。A. difficulty”困难“; B. luck”幸运“; C. energy”能力, 精力“; D. help”帮助“。根据下文吃饱了就不能从开口出来可知是费劲地进去，故选A。
（10）考查形容词。句意：其中一个太高兴而没有思考再三，放纵自己，没有限制冲到他面前的盛宴。A. delighted”高兴的“; B. careful”小心的, 谨慎的“; C. considerate”体谅的, 关心的“; D. depressed”抑郁的，消沉的“。根据下文可知，一只狐狸根本没考虑后路，应该是太高兴了，故选A。
（11）考查名词。句意：其中一个太高兴而没有思考再三，放纵自己，没有限制冲到他面前的盛宴。A. goose”鹅“; B. lunch”午餐“; C. fun”有趣,乐趣“; D. feast”宴会,酒席“。故选D。
（12）考查动词。句意：事实上，他注意到，刚刚允许他们通过的开口非常小。A. walk”走“; B. force”迫使, 强迫“; C. crawl”爬“；D. step”走, 跨步“。和上文的困难的相呼应，应该是迫使他们进入，故选B。
（13）考查形容词。句意：他认为，如果瘦弱或者半饥饿，他们几乎勉强进入，但在一顿丰盛的饭在同一个地方通过是完全不可能的。A. likely”可能的“; B. helpful”有益的, 有用的“; C. impossible”不可能的“; D. probable”可能的“。根据下文一只狐狸逃跑，另一只狐狸被卡在洞里，可知这里应该填不可能的，故选C。
（14）考查动词。句意：那么，如果他突然被发现了，他会变成什么样子呢？而他不得不逃命。A. discovered”发现“; B. disclosed”泄露“; C. explored”探索，研究“; D. escaped”逃跑“。故选A。
（15）考查介（连）词。句意：就在天亮的时候，除了农夫自己，还有谁会出现呢？A. and”和, 并且“; B. with”和......一起“; C. but”但是“; D. beside”在......旁边“。but在这里表示”除…之外没有“的意思，故选C。
（16）考查介词。句意：他的眼睛立刻落在两只狐狸身上，抓住一根木杆，狠狠地攻击着颤抖的罪犯。A. at”在,到“; B. away”远离,在远处“; C. off”离开,脱离“; D. on”在.....上面“。fall on固定短语，”落在......之上“，故选D。
（17）考查动词。句意：他 的 眼睛立刻落在两只狐狸身上，抓住一根木杆，狠狠地攻击着颤抖的罪犯。A. fought”打架, 吵架“; B. fired”开火, 射击“; C. attacked”供给“; D. cursed”诅咒“。根据句意拿起木棍，应该是攻击对方，故选C。
（18）考查代词。句意：谨慎的人拒绝了自己，从他进入的开口处逃脱了。A. themselves”他们自己“; B. herself”她自己“; C. itself”它自己“；D. himself”他自己“。文章指代狐狸的人称代词都用的是he，这里指另一只狐狸自己，故选D。
（19）考查动词。句意：而另一个试图跟随他，坚定地跟住，不能通过动也不能转身，很容易被愤怒的农民杀死。A. trapped”设陷阱捕捉，诱捕“; B. stuck”粘住“； C. escaped”逃跑“; D. held”抓住, 握住“。另一只狐狸是紧跟其后，跟住，粘住更符合情景，故选B。
（20）考查动词。句意：A. return”返回“; B. turn”转动, 旋转“; C. head”前进, 出发“； D. leave”离开“。另一只狐狸由于吃的太饱没办法通过也没办法转身，turn back固定短语，” 转身“，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．【答案】when；belief；the；On/Upon；thrown；had gone；successfully；remains；but；fools
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了愚人节的起源和由来。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：愚人节是人们可以愚弄别人的日子。定语从句不缺少任何成分，a day指时间，故填关系副词when。
（2）考查名词。句意：一些英国人相信它是从 1200 年代的一天开始的。作hold的宾语，应该用名词，并且that引导的是同位语从句，对前面的名词进行解释说明，故填belief。
（3）考查冠词。句意：当时，英格兰国王约翰习惯在他经常走的每一条路上开辟一条路。be in the habit of …固定短语，”习惯于......“，故填the。
（4）考查介词。句意：然而，村民们一听说，就制定了自己的计划。On/Upon +doing表示一…就…， 故填On/Upon。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：当士兵们到达时，村民们跑来跑去，疯狂地喊着，到处都是扔掉的东西，表现得好像疯了似的。修饰things 作定语，和things之间形成被动关系，故填thrown。
（6）考查虚拟语气。句意：当士兵们到达时，村民们跑来跑去，疯狂地喊着，到处都是扔掉的东西，表现得好像疯了似的。as if从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用"had＋过去分词"，故填had gone。
（7）考查副词。句意：村民们通过欺骗国王成功地挽救了他们的农田。修饰动词save做状语，故填successfully。
（8）考查时态。句意：现在四月的日子仍然流行，但传统只允许从午夜到四月一日的中午。主语是单数，而且时间状语是now，用一般现在时，故填remains。
（9）考查连词。句意：现在四月的日子仍然流行，但传统只允许从午夜到四月一日的中午。前后两句转折关系，故填but。
（10）考查名词。句意：那些试图在下午耍花招的人自己也像傻瓜一样，通常会被嘲笑。这里themselves可以看出应用名词复数，fool是可数名词，故填fools。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，冠词，介词，非谓语动词，虚拟语气，副词，时态，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
8．【答案】Dear
Manager,
I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in
Senior 3. I like surfing the Internet, listening to music, swimming and playing
basketball in my spare time. And I' m outgoing and ready to help others.
I'm extremely pleased to see
your advertisement for the position of salesman in the newspaper, and I would
like to apply for it during this summer vacation because I think it is very
useful to me. On the one hand, I want to examine myself in the modern society
and would like to train my ability. On the other hand, I can gain some working
experience for my future job.
I'll be much grateful if you
can offer me a precious opportunity to an interview and I'm sure I can do my
best in the job. My telephone number is 66885592 and my email is
liming@.
I'm looking forward to hearing
from you soon. Best regards for your health and success.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李明的身份写一封信申请工作。写作背景：你已满18岁，正读高三，平时喜欢上网、听音乐和、打篮球，性格外向，乐于助人。暑假期间，你在报纸上看到一个超市招兼职销售员，请你写封信给人事部经理申请这份工作，一是为了锻炼自己，二是为了积累工作经验，为将来步入社会做准备。随信附上你的电话（66885592）以及电子邮箱(liming@)。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： I'm Li Ming, an 18-year-old student in Senior 3.运用了同位语； I'm extremely pleased to see your advertisement for the position of salesman in the newspaper, and I would like to apply for it during this summer vacation because I think it is very useful to me. 运用了不定式作原因状语，并列句和原因状语从句； I'll be much grateful if you can offer me a precious opportunity to an interview and I'm sure I can do my best in the job. 运用了并列句，条件状语从句和名词性从句。
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