近四年山东阅读表达题型真题分析

(共28张PPT)
2011高考英语
专项训练
阅读表达（15分）
made by Cinderella
2008山东高考阅读表达优秀名单:
15分：祝猷哲 付雪羽
14分：李靓 高振 王希超
胡晓 殷荣幸子 吕国锋
13分：赵乔 刘倩 李沛东
12分：王同 李男 苏浩宇
杨振鸣 侯恩奇
11分：王凯 李亚男 姜越 任文文
王丹 李长辉 李岩 翟家旺 吴田
阅读表达强化训练（2008山东）
[1]The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or
drugs, but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds
of addictions. Some people are compulsive (难以自制的)
shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away
from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV
or playing computer games.
[2]Over the years, shopping has become a very common
activity. Many people enjoy going to stores more and more
every day, but it’s more than a common hobby for
some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are
people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around
spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are
hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they don’t need.
Even though they don’t have enough money, they buy
everything they want.
[3]The question is: why do they have this addiction There
isn’t a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they
are sad, worried, upset or lonely and they want to feel better.
They use this activity as a way to forget their problems.
Shopaholics say that they feel more important and better after
they buy something. They also tend to have this addiction
when they feel guilty.
[4]Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction, but it can
___________. Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However, the process,
like for most addictions, is long, and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings, so they spend money they don’t have. They get deep in debt, and they can even go bankrupt and get sent to prison.
76. List three activities that might develop into
addictions based on the text. (Please answer within 8 words)
① _________________ ② _________________
③ _______________________
77. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3 (within 8words)
________________________________________
78. Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words.
_________________________________________
79. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning
to the following one
___________________________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence in Para 2 into Chinese.
____________________________________________
drinking alcohol
watching TV
playing computer games
The reason why some people have shopping addiction
cause many problems
If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go
to a support group to help them break this habit.
购物狂们购物成瘾，通常会买他们本来不需要的东西。
分析：注意审题，题干要求根据本文内容列举三种
活动，不超过8个单词。既然是列举活动，所用的
词汇必须是表示活动的名词或者动名词，而不能是
动词或其它形式。
分析：段落大意题，就是找主题句，一般出现在首句，对其进行
加工和整理，不要使用问句来概括，同时注意代词they明确化，。
分析：关键是上下文要连贯。上文提到，购物癖看起来
是没有害处的，但是…，所以要从有害的角度来说；
下文也是从造成的各种问题上谈论的。
分析：替换句子题，注意找关键词或词组Accordingly：
根据情况来说，同原文中的“If this is the case”--如果这是事实
的话，意思接近。turn to…for help:求助…，注意正确书写。
分析：英汉翻译题，要符合汉语习惯。 be hooked on
意为：成迷，上瘾，是关键短语。“that they don’t need”
是things 的定语从句。
主题提炼题: 考察学生对文意的归纳、概括
及表达能力；
2. 语句释意题: 考察学生对固定句式及复杂句型
的阐述能力；
3. 句意补全题: 考察学生对语篇和语段的逻辑
结构的把握及推演能力；
4. 半开放性问题: 考察学生在理解语篇的基础上
自主陈述表达意理的能力；
5. 英汉翻译题: 考察学生对重点语句的英汉
语码置换能力。
四年高考真题分类汇编：
1. 主题提炼题:
（07）78. What advice is given in the last
paragraph (within 10 words)
（08） 77. What’s the main idea of
Paragraph 3 (within 8words)
（10）76. What is the main idea of the text
(no more than 8 words)
备考策略：
1. 把握文章结构，总分结构或者总分总结构，主旨大意一般出现在第一段或者最后一段；
2. 段落大意题一般在本段的首句，也就是topic sentence.
2. 语句释意题:
(07)The possible existence of annoyance results
from our inability to sort out e-mails.
(10)By having dinner together family members
can have free exchange of information and
develop closer ties among them.
(08) Accordingly, these shopaholics should
turn to a certain organization for help so that
they can stop compulsive shopping.
替换句子是送分题，一般都是通过某个
实词或者某个短语的近义词或者单词的
构词法之间的替换来考查，一旦找到
答案就要保证不出任何错误地把句子
抄写好，包括标点符号。
3. 句意补全题:
(07) 77. ________ Firstly,…
Secondly,…
Thirdly,…
(08) 78. Fill in the blank in paragraph 4
with proper words.
(09)77. [5]So maybe we can make the world
a better place by __________.
(10) 78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with
proper words. (no more than 8 words)
备考策略：
了解文章结构，分析填空部分出现在
什么位置，尾段、某段的句首或者段中，
并确定语法需要，是句子还是短语或者
适合语境的某种动词形式
2.仔细斟酌上下文，捕捉文章的具体信息，
认真推敲语言，弄清空格处意思需要；
4. 半开放性问题(细节理解题)
(08)76. List three activities that might develop
into addictions based on the text.
(Please answer within 8 words)
① __________② __________③ _________
(10)79. What information can parents
probably get about their children at
family dinner (no more than 12 words)
5. 英汉翻译题
(07) 80. You are perfectly within the bounds
of politeness in responding to a marathon
e-mail with a brief reply.
(08) They are hooked on shopping and usually
buy things that they don’t need.
(10)80.They also have better chance to reduce
the possibility that children will get involved
with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs
备考策略：
1. 分析句子结构，判断句子成分间的关系，
既要考虑原句表达的含义，又要保持语句
通顺合理；
2. 提防陌生单词、词组的翻译，注意结合
上下文语境做到准确猜出词义；
3. 词性可以灵活处理，翻译要符合汉语习惯；
4.对于实词的翻译要到位；对于从句的
翻译顺序要正确。
课堂检测答案：
76.What does the author say about the adults according
to Paragraph 1 (within 8 words)
_______________________________________________
77. Which sentence in the texts the closest in meaning
to the following one
Teacher and students got friendlier so that the students
became more active in learning and scored higher in tests.
______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
78. Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 5 with proper words.
(within 5 words)
__________________________________________________ .
Adults seldom say hello.
School went from impersonal to personal, and that
resulted in more class participation and better grades.
saying hello to each other
79. List three effects of smiling on health according to
the text. (within 8 words)
① _________________________
② ________________________
③ _________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
into Chinese.
Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered
far less often than my rural ones
________________________________________________ .
Lowering blood pressure
relieving stress
boosting happiness
不管出于什么原因，我在城市里打招呼得到的回应
比在乡村少的多。
训练态度要端正
少从原文搬答案
堤防翻译有生词
表达一定要正确
阅读表达答题技巧
Homework:
After class, think over our lecture
today, study our methods of dealing
with each kind of questions and then
challenge yourself to finish another
task reading within 15 minutes.
See you tomorrow!
Byebye!
山东卷高考英语写作的三个特征：
1.创设使用英语写作的需要；
2.话题与学生认知水平相符；
3.有一定的开放性。
优秀高考作文应具备的六个基本特征：
1、层次不乱
2、句式多变
3、亮点若干
4、巧妙串联
5、蠢错不犯
6、整洁卷面
临场技巧一：认真审题，弄清任务
临场技巧二：开放部分，大胆发挥
临场技巧三：连句成篇，避免涂改
临场技巧四：就地取材，寻找亮点
书面表达临场技巧
第二节：写作（满分30分）
假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名
同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写一封信。
*帮他分析原因
*给他提出建议
*陈述你帮助他的具体打算
注意：词数120-150
Dear Li Ming，
…
Best regards,
Zhang Hua
【写作分析及备考策略】
1. 从内容上，要注意以下几点：
(1). 认真审题：本文是一封建议信，给李明提出一些有关如何交往的建议。要根据写作提示，扩展、搜集有关的信息，为自己的写作服务。并对所选择的材料进行语言的筛选和组织。
(2). 确定时态：时态应用一般现在时和将来时为主；以第一、二人称为主。
(3). 把握要点，适当展开：根据提示，列出提纲，并以此连词成句，构成完整的段落。同时注意要尽可能地使用较为高级的词汇和较复杂的句式，使文章有起伏，有文采。
要点展开：
分析原因：新来乍到，不熟悉环境；大家不了解你；
2. 提出建议：积极参加讨论，表示出对他人观点的兴趣，以此更多地了解别人，同时也展示你自己；了解
别人的喜好，这样有助于找到兴趣相投的同学；
3. 我的打算：与你一起参与活动，把你介绍给周围
同学。
Dear Li Ming,
I know you are now having trouble communicating with others, and you may often feel lonely. That’s because you are new here and people don’t know about you. But I think you can make it if only you can follow the advice below.
First, you should take an active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters, and at the same time, learn to listen to other people’s views. Second, you should learn about your classmates’ likes and dislikes. Then you can have much in common with them.
This way, you can get to know more different people and show them that you are just as friendly. Last but not least, I’m always here ready to help. we can take part in some activities together and I can introduce you to others.
With time going on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can do as the above.
书面表达解题方法及备考策略：
审题：明确大范围的要求。
高考的书面表达题材多，有的是文字背景材料提供要点，有的看图作文或者图表材料作文，还有两者相结合的。各种提示材料都要仔细阅读，审题必须到边到位。
2. 立题：明确主题是什么，突出要点的主体性地位，做好内容上必要的删减。
3. 丰题：就提供的信息进行语言上的组织，作适当的具体的补充。
4. 查题：查信息点是否完整，有没有遗漏。
丰题就是通过细致准取得语言运用来补“血”补“肉”，使所要写出来的文章意思连贯，语言畅通，逻辑严密。
此过程的语言加工主要是做到：
主谓一致和动词的时态语态正确运用；
体现连接词在复合句中的使用；
3. 递进，并列，转折等等副词（短语）运用使语言连贯，表达清楚；
4. 新课标高级词汇运用给文章添彩添色；
5. 开放式作文适当展开合理联想；
6. 正确拼写，书写美观大方。
查题
1. 查信息点是否完整，有没有遗漏。
2. 查语法是否正确，词法方面主要检查拼写，冠词、名词单复数和词语搭配等。
3. 句法方面主要检查是否正确使用时态、语态、主谓一致、一些连接词，过渡词等。
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的
英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不
能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子
邮件：
1. 表示歉意；
2. 解释原因；
3. 另约时间。
注意：1.词数120~150；
2.可适当增加细节。