广东省中山市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末统一考试英语科试题 Word版含答案（无听力试题）
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| 名称 | 广东省中山市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末统一考试英语科试题 Word版含答案（无听力试题） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-07-12 08:56:59 | ||
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第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fiction can be a powerful tool for helping individuals make sense of the real world. Science fiction is no different. In light of that, we have rounded up some of the best sci-fi novels of all time.
Dune
- Author: Frank Herbert
- Date published: 1965
One of the most beloved sci-fi novels of all time, Dune received a theatrical release in 2020. It was not the first time the coming-of-age story about a young man who must fight for his own life as well as the existence of his planet hit the big screen.
The War of the Worlds
- Author: H.G. Wells
- Date published: 1898
The father of science fiction, H.G Wells, wrote this novel, in which a group of aliens (外星人) attacks Earth, destroying everything in their path. When the novel was first turned into radio broadcast in 1938, it caused public panic as many listeners didn’t realize it was fiction.
The Giver
- Author: Lois Lowry
- Date published: 1993
Arguably the most widely read science fiction novel, The Giver follows a young man named Jonas, who is set to become the Receiver of Memory within his society. As his training gets underway, he begins to realize that the society he is in may not be all that perfect.
The Three-Body Problem
- Author: Liu Cixin
- Date published: 2006
Liu Cixin is one of China抯 most beloved science fiction authors, and The Three-Body Problem marks English-speaking readers first opportunity to engage with his work. In the book, a group of aliens plan to occupy Earth. On Earth, some humans plan to side with the aliens and others plan to fight back.
1. Who is the father of science fiction?
A. Frank Herbert. B. H.G. Wells.
C. Lois Lowry. D. Liu Cixin.
2. Which book was written by a Chinese?
A. Dune. B. The Giver.
C. The War of the Worlds. D. The Three-Body Problem.
3. What do the four books have in common?
A. They help readers to understand the world.
B. They taught young people to fight for life.
C. They were all published in the 90s.
D. They are all about aliens.
B
Three years ago, CheMyong Jay Ko received a call from a broken-hearted old man saying his dog had just been killed by a truck. He asked: Would it be possible to clone his beloved pet?
Having studied cloning for more than 20 years, Ko had a positive answer. He knew a handful of commercial companies that were committed to bringing cloning to ordinary pet owners for a price, of course. To clone a dog, the owner had to pay $50,000 before taxes. The high price turned the old man off, but not some wealthy pet owners. The most famous is Barbara Streisand. The singer had two dogs cloned from cells taken from the mouth of her white deceased Sammie.
As Streisand wrote later, 揑 was so shocked by the loss of my beloved Sammie, after 14 years together, that I just wanted to keep her with me in some way. It was easier to let Sammie go if I knew I could keep some part of her alive, something that came from her DNA.
If you spend enough time reading about pet cloning, you抣l see that adjective come up over and over again: beloved. When people clone their animals, they do so because they love them and because they can抰 stand losing them forever. The price of $50,000 may seem reasonable if it saves you the immeasurable pain of saying goodbye to a beloved family member.
Talk to experts about cloning, however, and you抣l begin to realize that cloning has far more problems than money. For example, there would be significant differences between the clone and the original pet, both in their looks and personality. Even Streisand admitted, 揧ou can clone the look of a dog, but you can抰 clone the soul.
4. Why did the old man call Ko?
A. To save his dog. B. To seek comfort.
C. To have his pet cloned. D. To share heartbreaking news.
5. What does the underlined word 揹eceased in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cute. B. Dead.
C. Cloned. D. Disabled.
6. Streisand抯 words in Paragraph 3 serve as ________.
A. an example of cloned pets
B. an analysis of how she kept her dog alive
C. an explanation why people clone their pets
D. a description her mixed feelings about cloning
7. What can be inferred about cloned animals from the last paragraph?
A. They may fail to meet people抯 expectations.
B. They improve on the original in personality.
C. They may bring experts serious problems.
D. They look the same as the original.
C
More than 80% of adolescents worldwide are not active enough, putting their health at risk by sitting focused on a screen rather than running about, say World Health Organization (WHO) researchers
The proportion of inadequate active girls in 27 countries rose to more than 90% in 2016, the latest year for which figures are available. There was a significant gender gap. Girls lag behind boys in physical activity, in all but four countries- Afghanistan, Samoa, Tonga and Zambia.
The WHO says the situation is serious and that urgent action must be taken to get adolescents moving, with inactivity posing a great threat to their current and future health. Physical activity is important to the development of bone, muscular strength, and heart and lung health. It helps young people avoid obesity, heart disease, cancers and diabetes (糖尿病) . There is growing evidence that it helps cognitive (认知的) development.
“This is not the good start in life that we would want for our children and adolescents, said Bull.揟he data are worrying for all-parents, the community and the health system.
Although schools provide sports they are often under pressure. But Bull said communities and sporting associations can help, and towns can be better planned to encourage active living. Parental encouragement and providing a role model is also valuable.
Besides, a culture change is required, according to the WHO global action plan on physical activity, because there are disadvantages and unintended consequences to the use of digital media. It involves excessive (过度) amounts of time spent on phones, laptops and gaming devices. The electronic revolution has fundamentally transformed people’s movement patterns by changing where and how they live, learn, work, play and travel. Gradually and eventually, it isolates people indoors.
8. Why do so many adolescents have healthy problems?
A. They are not active enough. B. They like to run about.
C. They are used to sitting. D. They often risk travelling.
9. In which country do less girls take part in physical activities than boys?
A. Afghanistan. B. Samoa.
C. Zambia. D. China.
10. Which benefit of physical activity is still uncertain?
A. Development of bone. B. Muscular strength.
C. Heart and lung health. D. Cognitive development.
11. What is WHO抯 attitude to the use of digital media?
A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable.
C. Worried. D. Objective.
D
A new experiment shows that the more energy consumed by a clock, the more accurate its timekeeping.
Clocks consume energy and release heat. A kitchen clock, for example, does this by using up its battery. Generally the most accurate clocks require the most energy, which suggests a fundamental connection between energy consumption and accuracy. This is what an international team of scientists from Lancaster. Oxford, and Vienna set out to test.
To do this, they built a particularly simple clock, consisting of a super-thin membrane (薄膜), combined with an electronic circuit. Each vibration (振动) of the membrane generated one electrical tick (滴答). The inventive aspect of this design is that it is powered simply by heating the membrane, while the complete flow of energy through the clock can be measured electrically.
The scientists found that the more heat they supplied, the more accurately the clock ran. In fact, the accuracy was directly relative to the heat released. To make the clock twice as accurate, they needed to supply twice as much heat.
The experiment shows a similarity between the operation of a clock and a steam engine. With a steam engine there is fundamental restriction on how much heat we must supply to do a desired amount of work. This restriction is the famous Second Law of Thermodynamics (热力学) which is central to modern engineering. What this experiment suggests is that clocks, like engines, are restricted by the Second Law, with their output being accurate ticks instead of mechanical work.
Dr Edward Laird of Lancaster University said: “This experiment suggests that clocks are also restricted by thermodynamics. It also poses an interesting question: are all possible clocks limited in this way, or is it just a characteristic of the ones we have studied?
Interestingly, many everyday clocks have an efficiency that is close to what the scientists analysis predicts. For example, their analysis predicts that a wristwatch whose accuracy per tick is one part in ten million must consume at least a microwatt of power. In fact, a basic wristwatch usually consumes only a few times this amount. The laws of thermodynamics, discovered in the nineteenth century, are still finding new applications today.
12. What do the scientists want to test about clocks?
A. Whether to restrict their heat supply.
B. How energy influences their accuracy.
C. How to make them particularly simple.
D. Whether they are similar to steam engines.
13. In what way do clocks work differently from steam engines according to the experiment?
A. The restriction from the Second Law
B. The law behind their operation.
C. The accuracy of their work.
D. The form of their output.
14. What will Dr Edward Laird most likely agree with?
A. Further studies should be done.
B. More questions should be raised.
C. Restrictions on clocks should be lifted.
D. Suggestions of the experiment should be adopted.
15. What is the article mainly about?
A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
B. The energy consumption of clocks.
C. A new experiment.
D. A simple clock.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Snorkeling (带通气管潜泳) can be a very rewarding activity. It benefits from its simplicity. ____16____. Here’s our guide to getting the most out of your snorkeling
Improve your swimming
If your swimming skills aren抰 the best, take some swimming lessons at your local pool. Focus in particular on the freestyle, as the kicking technique from that style is the one you抣l be using when snorkeling. ____17____.
Improve your breath hold
Many snorkelers simply stay at the surface, and use the snorkel to breathe while looking down. A number of more advanced snorkelers, though, do occasional dives below the surface while holding their breath. ____18____. You can do this, too, by training your breath holding capacity (能力).
____19____
Many new snorkelers swim along using their arms, like they’d do in a pool. But our legs, in particular with fins (脚蹼) on, outperform our arms many times over. So a good way to conserve energy is to keep our arms relaxed at our sides and focus on our fins instead. And don抰 kick too hard. It consumes much energy. Plus, it creates loud noises that will scare away the very animals you抮e there to see!
Snorkel deep
Are you one of the snorkelers who feel the urge to take short dives to get closer to reefs and marine animals? Get ready by breathing deep and slowly to fully fill your lungs. Once you are underwater, relax. ____20____. Slowly extend your bottom time for each time you dive. Soon, you抣l be able to snorkel deep.
A. It also allows for more flexibility
B. Conserve energy while snorkeling
C. Conserve your air while snorkeling
D. Come up well before you run out of air
E. Good swimming skills will help keep you safe in water
F. You抣l explore reefs and other underwater features up close
G. This will allow them to get a closer look at the marine wildlife
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Out in the Arizona wilderness, a very good boy is doing his part to save the planet. Chipper, an 8-year-old rescue dog who loves to ____21____, and his owner, Katie Pollak, are on a mission to help the ____22____ environment, picking up garbage wherever they ____23____ it near their home in Mesa, Arizona.
Pollak realized her dog had a(n) ____24____ passion for plastic shortly after ____25____ him from a shelter back in 2011, when he demonstrated an ____26____ in collecting water bottles. So she encouraged it and he motivated her to do the same. Soon they ____27____ a team and started getting out and picking up garbage ____28____.
Everywhere they go, they collect bags and bags of garbage ____29____ beer cans, plastic bottles, old clothing and more - that other people have _____30_____. Pollak always comes prepared with bags to collect the _____31_____, and has been shocked at how much garbage she and her dog can pick up on a _____32_____ day.
Pollak and Chipper often meet up with friends to do big cleanups. Many of them are part of an _____33_____ called Wild Keepers, which plans to collect 1 million pounds of litter by the year 2023. They抳e been at it since 2016 and have collected over 200,000 pounds so far.
Chipper抯 _____34_____ skill has made him something of a celebrity. Over 28,000 people follow their _____35_____ through Pollak抯 social media account.
21. A. return B. recycle C. reuse D. repair
22. A. changing B. working C. natural D. safe
23. A. spot B. choose C. witness D. distribute
24. A. ambitious B. horrible C. genuine D. reasonable
25. A. throwing B. seizing C. removing D. adopting
26. A. innovation B. improvement C. increase D. interest
27. A. created B. approached C. hired D. helped
28. A. gradually B. frequently C. definitely D. sincerely
29. A. delicate B. antique C. empty D. big
30. A. left behind B. put away C. turned down D. worn out
31. A. cloth B. material C. food D. waste
32. A. sunny B. single C. long D. comfortable
33. A. effort B. experiment C. investigation D. era
34. A. necessary B. basic C. special D. practical
35. A. dreams B. suggestions C. directions D. adventures
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I entered high school our teacher told us that we are supposed to do some volunteer work
____36____ (enrich) our high school life and prepare us for university. Upon ____37____ (hear) this, I got excited and hoped that I would take part in this ____38____ (value) activity. I applied to be a volunteer at People抯 Hospital of Zhongshan City, one of ____39____ biggest hospitals in our city. ____40____ (fortunate), I was accepted!
Last Saturday we went to the hospital as volunteers. I woke up early in the morning and went to the hospital with other volunteers. I was overwhelmed (不知所措的) with ____41____ (excite) when we entered the hospital. We
____42____ (greet) by the hospital staff, and I was chosen to be in charge of the self-service payment machines,
____43____ are designed for people to buy medicine and instantly pay for their hospital bills. The activity made me very happy. ____44____, most of the people we met in the hospital had worried faces. Suddenly, I noticed a foreigner having trouble using the machine. I went up to him _____45_____ a smile and helped him. The foreigner was very grateful and said that my smile lit up the hospital. I didn抰 expect that a simple smile could have such magical power.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的新加坡好友Jim准备暑假来华旅行，来信请你推荐一个最值得去的中国省份。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.推荐的省份；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible搒top" sign put there by my mom. 揘o, you cannot enter here! she always said to me. Well, I really don抰 blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn抰 experiment with cooking. But they couldn抰 stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
中山市高二年级2020—2021学年度第二学期期末统一考试
英语科试卷 答案版
本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fiction can be a powerful tool for helping individuals make sense of the real world. Science fiction is no different. In light of that, we have rounded up some of the best sci-fi novels of all time.
Dune
- Author: Frank Herbert
- Date published: 1965
One of the most beloved sci-fi novels of all time, Dune received a theatrical release in 2020. It was not the first time the coming-of-age story about a young man who must fight for his own life as well as the existence of his planet hit the big screen.
The War of the Worlds
- Author: H.G. Wells
- Date published: 1898
The father of science fiction, H.G Wells, wrote this novel, in which a group of aliens (外星人) attacks Earth, destroying everything in their path. When the novel was first turned into radio broadcast in 1938, it caused public panic as many listeners didn抰 realize it was fiction.
The Giver
- Author: Lois Lowry
- Date published: 1993
Arguably the most widely read science fiction novel, The Giver follows a young man named Jonas, who is set to become the Receiver of Memory within his society. As his training gets underway, he begins to realize that the society he is in may not be all that perfect.
The Three-Body Problem
- Author: Liu Cixin
- Date published: 2006
Liu Cixin is one of China抯 most beloved science fiction authors, and The Three-Body Problem marks English-speaking readers first opportunity to engage with his work. In the book, a group of aliens plan to occupy Earth. On Earth, some humans plan to side with the aliens and others plan to fight back.
1. Who is the father of science fiction?
A. Frank Herbert. B. H.G. Wells.
C. Lois Lowry. D. Liu Cixin.
2. Which book was written by a Chinese?
A. Dune. B. The Giver.
C. The War of the Worlds. D. The Three-Body Problem.
3. What do the four books have in common?
A. They help readers to understand the world.
B. They taught young people to fight for life.
C. They were all published in the 90s.
D. They are all about aliens.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
B
Three years ago, CheMyong Jay Ko received a call from a broken-hearted old man saying his dog had just been killed by a truck. He asked: Would it be possible to clone his beloved pet?
Having studied cloning for more than 20 years, Ko had a positive answer. He knew a handful of commercial companies that were committed to bringing cloning to ordinary pet owners for a price, of course. To clone a dog, the owner had to pay $50,000 before taxes. The high price turned the old man off, but not some wealthy pet owners. The most famous is Barbara Streisand. The singer had two dogs cloned from cells taken from the mouth of her white deceased Sammie.
As Streisand wrote later, 揑 was so shocked by the loss of my beloved Sammie, after 14 years together, that I just wanted to keep her with me in some way. It was easier to let Sammie go if I knew I could keep some part of her alive, something that came from her DNA.
If you spend enough time reading about pet cloning, you抣l see that adjective come up over and over again: beloved. When people clone their animals, they do so because they love them and because they can抰 stand losing them forever. The price of $50,000 may seem reasonable if it saves you the immeasurable pain of saying goodbye to a beloved family member.
Talk to experts about cloning, however, and you抣l begin to realize that cloning has far more problems than money. For example, there would be significant differences between the clone and the original pet, both in their looks and personality. Even Streisand admitted, 揧ou can clone the look of a dog, but you can抰 clone the soul.
4. Why did the old man call Ko?
A. To save his dog. B. To seek comfort.
C. To have his pet cloned. D. To share heartbreaking news.
5. What does the underlined word 揹eceased in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cute. B. Dead.
C. Cloned. D. Disabled.
6. Streisand抯 words in Paragraph 3 serve as ________.
A. an example of cloned pets
B. an analysis of how she kept her dog alive
C. an explanation why people clone their pets
D. a description her mixed feelings about cloning
7. What can be inferred about cloned animals from the last paragraph?
A. They may fail to meet people’s expectations.
B. They improve on the original in personality.
C. They may bring experts serious problems.
D. They look the same as the original.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
C
More than 80% of adolescents worldwide are not active enough, putting their health at risk by sitting focused on a screen rather than running about, say World Health Organization (WHO) researchers
The proportion of inadequate active girls in 27 countries rose to more than 90% in 2016, the latest year for which figures are available. There was a significant gender gap. Girls lag behind boys in physical activity, in all but four countries- Afghanistan, Samoa, Tonga and Zambia.
The WHO says the situation is serious and that urgent action must be taken to get adolescents moving, with inactivity posing a great threat to their current and future health. Physical activity is important to the development of bone, muscular strength, and heart and lung health. It helps young people avoid obesity, heart disease, cancers and diabetes (糖尿病) . There is growing evidence that it helps cognitive (认知的) development.
“This is not the good start in life that we would want for our children and adolescents,” said Bull.“The data are worrying for all-parents, the community and the health system.”
Although schools provide sports they are often under pressure. But Bull said communities and sporting associations can help, and towns can be better planned to encourage active living. Parental encouragement and providing a role model is also valuable.
Besides, a culture change is required, according to the WHO global action plan on physical activity, because there are disadvantages and unintended consequences to the use of digital media. It involves excessive (过度) amounts of time spent on phones, laptops and gaming devices. The electronic revolution has fundamentally transformed people’s movement patterns by changing where and how they live, learn, work, play and travel. Gradually and eventually, it isolates people indoors.
8. Why do so many adolescents have healthy problems?
A. They are not active enough. B. They like to run about.
C. They are used to sitting. D. They often risk travelling.
9. In which country do less girls take part in physical activities than boys?
A. Afghanistan. B. Samoa.
C. Zambia. D. China.
10. Which benefit of physical activity is still uncertain?
A. Development of bone. B. Muscular strength.
C. Heart and lung health. D. Cognitive development.
11. What is WHO抯 attitude to the use of digital media?
A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable.
C. Worried. D. Objective.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
D
A new experiment shows that the more energy consumed by a clock, the more accurate its timekeeping.
Clocks consume energy and release heat. A kitchen clock, for example, does this by using up its battery. Generally the most accurate clocks require the most energy, which suggests a fundamental connection between energy consumption and accuracy. This is what an international team of scientists from Lancaster. Oxford, and Vienna set out to test.
To do this, they built a particularly simple clock, consisting of a super-thin membrane (薄膜), combined with an electronic circuit. Each vibration (振动) of the membrane generated one electrical tick (滴答). The inventive aspect of this design is that it is powered simply by heating the membrane, while the complete flow of energy through the clock can be measured electrically.
The scientists found that the more heat they supplied, the more accurately the clock ran. In fact, the accuracy was directly relative to the heat released. To make the clock twice as accurate, they needed to supply twice as much heat.
The experiment shows a similarity between the operation of a clock and a steam engine. With a steam engine there is fundamental restriction on how much heat we must supply to do a desired amount of work. This restriction is the famous Second Law of Thermodynamics (热力学) which is central to modern engineering. What this experiment suggests is that clocks, like engines, are restricted by the Second Law, with their output being accurate ticks instead of mechanical work.
Dr Edward Laird of Lancaster University said: 揟his experiment suggests that clocks are also restricted by thermodynamics. It also poses an interesting question: are all possible clocks limited in this way, or is it just a characteristic of the ones we have studied?
Interestingly, many everyday clocks have an efficiency that is close to what the scientists analysis predicts. For example, their analysis predicts that a wristwatch whose accuracy per tick is one part in ten million must consume at least a microwatt of power. In fact, a basic wristwatch usually consumes only a few times this amount. The laws of thermodynamics, discovered in the nineteenth century, are still finding new applications today.
12. What do the scientists want to test about clocks?
A. Whether to restrict their heat supply.
B. How energy influences their accuracy.
C. How to make them particularly simple.
D. Whether they are similar to steam engines.
13. In what way do clocks work differently from steam engines according to the experiment?
A. The restriction from the Second Law
B. The law behind their operation.
C. The accuracy of their work.
D. The form of their output.
14. What will Dr Edward Laird most likely agree with?
A. Further studies should be done.
B. More questions should be raised.
C. Restrictions on clocks should be lifted.
D. Suggestions of the experiment should be adopted.
15. What is the article mainly about?
A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
B. The energy consumption of clocks.
C. A new experiment.
D. A simple clock.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Snorkeling (带通气管潜泳) can be a very rewarding activity. It benefits from its simplicity. ____16____. Here’s our guide to getting the most out of your snorkeling
Improve your swimming
If your swimming skills aren抰 the best, take some swimming lessons at your local pool. Focus in particular on the freestyle, as the kicking technique from that style is the one you抣l be using when snorkeling. ____17____.
Improve your breath hold
Many snorkelers simply stay at the surface, and use the snorkel to breathe while looking down. A number of more advanced snorkelers, though, do occasional dives below the surface while holding their breath. ____18____. You can do this, too, by training your breath holding capacity (能力).
____19____
Many new snorkelers swim along using their arms, like they’d do in a pool. But our legs, in particular with fins (脚蹼) on, outperform our arms many times over. So a good way to conserve energy is to keep our arms relaxed at our sides and focus on our fins instead. And don抰 kick too hard. It consumes much energy. Plus, it creates loud noises that will scare away the very animals you抮e there to see!
Snorkel deep
Are you one of the snorkelers who feel the urge to take short dives to get closer to reefs and marine animals? Get ready by breathing deep and slowly to fully fill your lungs. Once you are underwater, relax. ____20____. Slowly extend your bottom time for each time you dive. Soon, you抣l be able to snorkel deep.
A. It also allows for more flexibility
B. Conserve energy while snorkeling
C. Conserve your air while snorkeling
D. Come up well before you run out of air
E. Good swimming skills will help keep you safe in water
F. You抣l explore reefs and other underwater features up close
G. This will allow them to get a closer look at the marine wildlife
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. D
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Out in the Arizona wilderness, a very good boy is doing his part to save the planet. Chipper, an 8-year-old rescue dog who loves to ____21____, and his owner, Katie Pollak, are on a mission to help the ____22____ environment, picking up garbage wherever they ____23____ it near their home in Mesa, Arizona.
Pollak realized her dog had a(n) ____24____ passion for plastic shortly after ____25____ him from a shelter back in 2011, when he demonstrated an ____26____ in collecting water bottles. So she encouraged it and he motivated her to do the same. Soon they ____27____ a team and started getting out and picking up garbage ____28____.
Everywhere they go, they collect bags and bags of garbage— ____29____ beer cans, plastic bottles, old clothing and more - that other people have _____30_____. Pollak always comes prepared with bags to collect the _____31_____, and has been shocked at how much garbage she and her dog can pick up on a _____32_____ day.
Pollak and Chipper often meet up with friends to do big cleanups. Many of them are part of an _____33_____ called Wild Keepers, which plans to collect 1 million pounds of litter by the year 2023. They’ve been at it since 2016 and have collected over 200,000 pounds so far.
Chipper’s _____34_____ skill has made him something of a celebrity. Over 28,000 people follow their _____35_____ through Pollak’s social media account.
21. A. return B. recycle C. reuse D. repair
22. A. changing B. working C. natural D. safe
23. A. spot B. choose C. witness D. distribute
24. A. ambitious B. horrible C. genuine D. reasonable
25. A. throwing B. seizing C. removing D. adopting
26. A. innovation B. improvement C. increase D. interest
27. A. created B. approached C. hired D. helped
28. A. gradually B. frequently C. definitely D. sincerely
29. A. delicate B. antique C. empty D. big
30. A. left behind B. put away C. turned down D. worn out
31. A. cloth B. material C. food D. waste
32. A. sunny B. single C. long D. comfortable
33. A. effort B. experiment C. investigation D. era
34. A. necessary B. basic C. special D. practical
35. A. dreams B. suggestions C. directions D. adventures
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I entered high school our teacher told us that we are supposed to do some volunteer work
____36____ (enrich) our high school life and prepare us for university. Upon ____37____ (hear) this, I got excited and hoped that I would take part in this ____38____ (value) activity. I applied to be a volunteer at People’s Hospital of Zhongshan City, one of ____39____ biggest hospitals in our city. ____40____ (fortunate), I was accepted!
Last Saturday we went to the hospital as volunteers. I woke up early in the morning and went to the hospital with other volunteers. I was overwhelmed (不知所措的) with ____41____ (excite) when we entered the hospital. We
____42____ (greet) by the hospital staff, and I was chosen to be in charge of the self-service payment machines,
____43____ are designed for people to buy medicine and instantly pay for their hospital bills. The activity made me very happy. ____44____, most of the people we met in the hospital had worried faces. Suddenly, I noticed a foreigner having trouble using the machine. I went up to him _____45_____ a smile and helped him. The foreigner was very grateful and said that my smile lit up the hospital. I didn’t expect that a simple smile could have such magical power.
【答案】36. to enrich
37. hearing
38. valuable
39. the 40. Fortunately
41. excitement
42. were greeted
43. which 44. However
45. with
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的新加坡好友Jim准备暑假来华旅行，来信请你推荐一个最值得去的中国省份。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.推荐的省份；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Having read your letter, I'm excited at the news that you are coming to China for holiday this summer. I’m writing to recommend Yunnan Province to you, which I'm sure is a wonderful place you should never miss.
Yunnan Province enjoys a pleasant climate that is mild in winter and cool in summer, making it a super all-year-round holiday destination. Home to 25 ethnic minorities, it is a place where you can experience diverse cultures while admiring its amazing landscapes and historical sites. It is also a place where you can find almost every style of food, traditional crossing-the-bridge rice noodles and healthy herbal soups, to name but a few.
Looking forward to seeing you then. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible“stop" sign put there by my mom. “No, you cannot enter here!” she always said to me. Well, I really don’t blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn’t experiment with cooking. But they couldn’t stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon. I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon. I opened all the drawers but there was no sign of the spoon anywhere. Just as I was at a loss for what to do, I looked up and happened to find it hanging high up on the wall. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me. It was Mom. I froze with fear. She was angry at seeing the kitchen in a mess, the drawers all open, and some oil on the floor. She found a fit punishment for me-i was to eat the burnt omelette. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared. But I was happy with my accomplishment, even if it was a bit burnt, and even happier when Mom told me she would teach me how to cook!
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fiction can be a powerful tool for helping individuals make sense of the real world. Science fiction is no different. In light of that, we have rounded up some of the best sci-fi novels of all time.
Dune
- Author: Frank Herbert
- Date published: 1965
One of the most beloved sci-fi novels of all time, Dune received a theatrical release in 2020. It was not the first time the coming-of-age story about a young man who must fight for his own life as well as the existence of his planet hit the big screen.
The War of the Worlds
- Author: H.G. Wells
- Date published: 1898
The father of science fiction, H.G Wells, wrote this novel, in which a group of aliens (外星人) attacks Earth, destroying everything in their path. When the novel was first turned into radio broadcast in 1938, it caused public panic as many listeners didn’t realize it was fiction.
The Giver
- Author: Lois Lowry
- Date published: 1993
Arguably the most widely read science fiction novel, The Giver follows a young man named Jonas, who is set to become the Receiver of Memory within his society. As his training gets underway, he begins to realize that the society he is in may not be all that perfect.
The Three-Body Problem
- Author: Liu Cixin
- Date published: 2006
Liu Cixin is one of China抯 most beloved science fiction authors, and The Three-Body Problem marks English-speaking readers first opportunity to engage with his work. In the book, a group of aliens plan to occupy Earth. On Earth, some humans plan to side with the aliens and others plan to fight back.
1. Who is the father of science fiction?
A. Frank Herbert. B. H.G. Wells.
C. Lois Lowry. D. Liu Cixin.
2. Which book was written by a Chinese?
A. Dune. B. The Giver.
C. The War of the Worlds. D. The Three-Body Problem.
3. What do the four books have in common?
A. They help readers to understand the world.
B. They taught young people to fight for life.
C. They were all published in the 90s.
D. They are all about aliens.
B
Three years ago, CheMyong Jay Ko received a call from a broken-hearted old man saying his dog had just been killed by a truck. He asked: Would it be possible to clone his beloved pet?
Having studied cloning for more than 20 years, Ko had a positive answer. He knew a handful of commercial companies that were committed to bringing cloning to ordinary pet owners for a price, of course. To clone a dog, the owner had to pay $50,000 before taxes. The high price turned the old man off, but not some wealthy pet owners. The most famous is Barbara Streisand. The singer had two dogs cloned from cells taken from the mouth of her white deceased Sammie.
As Streisand wrote later, 揑 was so shocked by the loss of my beloved Sammie, after 14 years together, that I just wanted to keep her with me in some way. It was easier to let Sammie go if I knew I could keep some part of her alive, something that came from her DNA.
If you spend enough time reading about pet cloning, you抣l see that adjective come up over and over again: beloved. When people clone their animals, they do so because they love them and because they can抰 stand losing them forever. The price of $50,000 may seem reasonable if it saves you the immeasurable pain of saying goodbye to a beloved family member.
Talk to experts about cloning, however, and you抣l begin to realize that cloning has far more problems than money. For example, there would be significant differences between the clone and the original pet, both in their looks and personality. Even Streisand admitted, 揧ou can clone the look of a dog, but you can抰 clone the soul.
4. Why did the old man call Ko?
A. To save his dog. B. To seek comfort.
C. To have his pet cloned. D. To share heartbreaking news.
5. What does the underlined word 揹eceased in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cute. B. Dead.
C. Cloned. D. Disabled.
6. Streisand抯 words in Paragraph 3 serve as ________.
A. an example of cloned pets
B. an analysis of how she kept her dog alive
C. an explanation why people clone their pets
D. a description her mixed feelings about cloning
7. What can be inferred about cloned animals from the last paragraph?
A. They may fail to meet people抯 expectations.
B. They improve on the original in personality.
C. They may bring experts serious problems.
D. They look the same as the original.
C
More than 80% of adolescents worldwide are not active enough, putting their health at risk by sitting focused on a screen rather than running about, say World Health Organization (WHO) researchers
The proportion of inadequate active girls in 27 countries rose to more than 90% in 2016, the latest year for which figures are available. There was a significant gender gap. Girls lag behind boys in physical activity, in all but four countries- Afghanistan, Samoa, Tonga and Zambia.
The WHO says the situation is serious and that urgent action must be taken to get adolescents moving, with inactivity posing a great threat to their current and future health. Physical activity is important to the development of bone, muscular strength, and heart and lung health. It helps young people avoid obesity, heart disease, cancers and diabetes (糖尿病) . There is growing evidence that it helps cognitive (认知的) development.
“This is not the good start in life that we would want for our children and adolescents, said Bull.揟he data are worrying for all-parents, the community and the health system.
Although schools provide sports they are often under pressure. But Bull said communities and sporting associations can help, and towns can be better planned to encourage active living. Parental encouragement and providing a role model is also valuable.
Besides, a culture change is required, according to the WHO global action plan on physical activity, because there are disadvantages and unintended consequences to the use of digital media. It involves excessive (过度) amounts of time spent on phones, laptops and gaming devices. The electronic revolution has fundamentally transformed people’s movement patterns by changing where and how they live, learn, work, play and travel. Gradually and eventually, it isolates people indoors.
8. Why do so many adolescents have healthy problems?
A. They are not active enough. B. They like to run about.
C. They are used to sitting. D. They often risk travelling.
9. In which country do less girls take part in physical activities than boys?
A. Afghanistan. B. Samoa.
C. Zambia. D. China.
10. Which benefit of physical activity is still uncertain?
A. Development of bone. B. Muscular strength.
C. Heart and lung health. D. Cognitive development.
11. What is WHO抯 attitude to the use of digital media?
A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable.
C. Worried. D. Objective.
D
A new experiment shows that the more energy consumed by a clock, the more accurate its timekeeping.
Clocks consume energy and release heat. A kitchen clock, for example, does this by using up its battery. Generally the most accurate clocks require the most energy, which suggests a fundamental connection between energy consumption and accuracy. This is what an international team of scientists from Lancaster. Oxford, and Vienna set out to test.
To do this, they built a particularly simple clock, consisting of a super-thin membrane (薄膜), combined with an electronic circuit. Each vibration (振动) of the membrane generated one electrical tick (滴答). The inventive aspect of this design is that it is powered simply by heating the membrane, while the complete flow of energy through the clock can be measured electrically.
The scientists found that the more heat they supplied, the more accurately the clock ran. In fact, the accuracy was directly relative to the heat released. To make the clock twice as accurate, they needed to supply twice as much heat.
The experiment shows a similarity between the operation of a clock and a steam engine. With a steam engine there is fundamental restriction on how much heat we must supply to do a desired amount of work. This restriction is the famous Second Law of Thermodynamics (热力学) which is central to modern engineering. What this experiment suggests is that clocks, like engines, are restricted by the Second Law, with their output being accurate ticks instead of mechanical work.
Dr Edward Laird of Lancaster University said: “This experiment suggests that clocks are also restricted by thermodynamics. It also poses an interesting question: are all possible clocks limited in this way, or is it just a characteristic of the ones we have studied?
Interestingly, many everyday clocks have an efficiency that is close to what the scientists analysis predicts. For example, their analysis predicts that a wristwatch whose accuracy per tick is one part in ten million must consume at least a microwatt of power. In fact, a basic wristwatch usually consumes only a few times this amount. The laws of thermodynamics, discovered in the nineteenth century, are still finding new applications today.
12. What do the scientists want to test about clocks?
A. Whether to restrict their heat supply.
B. How energy influences their accuracy.
C. How to make them particularly simple.
D. Whether they are similar to steam engines.
13. In what way do clocks work differently from steam engines according to the experiment?
A. The restriction from the Second Law
B. The law behind their operation.
C. The accuracy of their work.
D. The form of their output.
14. What will Dr Edward Laird most likely agree with?
A. Further studies should be done.
B. More questions should be raised.
C. Restrictions on clocks should be lifted.
D. Suggestions of the experiment should be adopted.
15. What is the article mainly about?
A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
B. The energy consumption of clocks.
C. A new experiment.
D. A simple clock.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Snorkeling (带通气管潜泳) can be a very rewarding activity. It benefits from its simplicity. ____16____. Here’s our guide to getting the most out of your snorkeling
Improve your swimming
If your swimming skills aren抰 the best, take some swimming lessons at your local pool. Focus in particular on the freestyle, as the kicking technique from that style is the one you抣l be using when snorkeling. ____17____.
Improve your breath hold
Many snorkelers simply stay at the surface, and use the snorkel to breathe while looking down. A number of more advanced snorkelers, though, do occasional dives below the surface while holding their breath. ____18____. You can do this, too, by training your breath holding capacity (能力).
____19____
Many new snorkelers swim along using their arms, like they’d do in a pool. But our legs, in particular with fins (脚蹼) on, outperform our arms many times over. So a good way to conserve energy is to keep our arms relaxed at our sides and focus on our fins instead. And don抰 kick too hard. It consumes much energy. Plus, it creates loud noises that will scare away the very animals you抮e there to see!
Snorkel deep
Are you one of the snorkelers who feel the urge to take short dives to get closer to reefs and marine animals? Get ready by breathing deep and slowly to fully fill your lungs. Once you are underwater, relax. ____20____. Slowly extend your bottom time for each time you dive. Soon, you抣l be able to snorkel deep.
A. It also allows for more flexibility
B. Conserve energy while snorkeling
C. Conserve your air while snorkeling
D. Come up well before you run out of air
E. Good swimming skills will help keep you safe in water
F. You抣l explore reefs and other underwater features up close
G. This will allow them to get a closer look at the marine wildlife
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Out in the Arizona wilderness, a very good boy is doing his part to save the planet. Chipper, an 8-year-old rescue dog who loves to ____21____, and his owner, Katie Pollak, are on a mission to help the ____22____ environment, picking up garbage wherever they ____23____ it near their home in Mesa, Arizona.
Pollak realized her dog had a(n) ____24____ passion for plastic shortly after ____25____ him from a shelter back in 2011, when he demonstrated an ____26____ in collecting water bottles. So she encouraged it and he motivated her to do the same. Soon they ____27____ a team and started getting out and picking up garbage ____28____.
Everywhere they go, they collect bags and bags of garbage ____29____ beer cans, plastic bottles, old clothing and more - that other people have _____30_____. Pollak always comes prepared with bags to collect the _____31_____, and has been shocked at how much garbage she and her dog can pick up on a _____32_____ day.
Pollak and Chipper often meet up with friends to do big cleanups. Many of them are part of an _____33_____ called Wild Keepers, which plans to collect 1 million pounds of litter by the year 2023. They抳e been at it since 2016 and have collected over 200,000 pounds so far.
Chipper抯 _____34_____ skill has made him something of a celebrity. Over 28,000 people follow their _____35_____ through Pollak抯 social media account.
21. A. return B. recycle C. reuse D. repair
22. A. changing B. working C. natural D. safe
23. A. spot B. choose C. witness D. distribute
24. A. ambitious B. horrible C. genuine D. reasonable
25. A. throwing B. seizing C. removing D. adopting
26. A. innovation B. improvement C. increase D. interest
27. A. created B. approached C. hired D. helped
28. A. gradually B. frequently C. definitely D. sincerely
29. A. delicate B. antique C. empty D. big
30. A. left behind B. put away C. turned down D. worn out
31. A. cloth B. material C. food D. waste
32. A. sunny B. single C. long D. comfortable
33. A. effort B. experiment C. investigation D. era
34. A. necessary B. basic C. special D. practical
35. A. dreams B. suggestions C. directions D. adventures
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I entered high school our teacher told us that we are supposed to do some volunteer work
____36____ (enrich) our high school life and prepare us for university. Upon ____37____ (hear) this, I got excited and hoped that I would take part in this ____38____ (value) activity. I applied to be a volunteer at People抯 Hospital of Zhongshan City, one of ____39____ biggest hospitals in our city. ____40____ (fortunate), I was accepted!
Last Saturday we went to the hospital as volunteers. I woke up early in the morning and went to the hospital with other volunteers. I was overwhelmed (不知所措的) with ____41____ (excite) when we entered the hospital. We
____42____ (greet) by the hospital staff, and I was chosen to be in charge of the self-service payment machines,
____43____ are designed for people to buy medicine and instantly pay for their hospital bills. The activity made me very happy. ____44____, most of the people we met in the hospital had worried faces. Suddenly, I noticed a foreigner having trouble using the machine. I went up to him _____45_____ a smile and helped him. The foreigner was very grateful and said that my smile lit up the hospital. I didn抰 expect that a simple smile could have such magical power.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的新加坡好友Jim准备暑假来华旅行，来信请你推荐一个最值得去的中国省份。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.推荐的省份；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible搒top" sign put there by my mom. 揘o, you cannot enter here! she always said to me. Well, I really don抰 blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn抰 experiment with cooking. But they couldn抰 stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
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中山市高二年级2020—2021学年度第二学期期末统一考试
英语科试卷 答案版
本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fiction can be a powerful tool for helping individuals make sense of the real world. Science fiction is no different. In light of that, we have rounded up some of the best sci-fi novels of all time.
Dune
- Author: Frank Herbert
- Date published: 1965
One of the most beloved sci-fi novels of all time, Dune received a theatrical release in 2020. It was not the first time the coming-of-age story about a young man who must fight for his own life as well as the existence of his planet hit the big screen.
The War of the Worlds
- Author: H.G. Wells
- Date published: 1898
The father of science fiction, H.G Wells, wrote this novel, in which a group of aliens (外星人) attacks Earth, destroying everything in their path. When the novel was first turned into radio broadcast in 1938, it caused public panic as many listeners didn抰 realize it was fiction.
The Giver
- Author: Lois Lowry
- Date published: 1993
Arguably the most widely read science fiction novel, The Giver follows a young man named Jonas, who is set to become the Receiver of Memory within his society. As his training gets underway, he begins to realize that the society he is in may not be all that perfect.
The Three-Body Problem
- Author: Liu Cixin
- Date published: 2006
Liu Cixin is one of China抯 most beloved science fiction authors, and The Three-Body Problem marks English-speaking readers first opportunity to engage with his work. In the book, a group of aliens plan to occupy Earth. On Earth, some humans plan to side with the aliens and others plan to fight back.
1. Who is the father of science fiction?
A. Frank Herbert. B. H.G. Wells.
C. Lois Lowry. D. Liu Cixin.
2. Which book was written by a Chinese?
A. Dune. B. The Giver.
C. The War of the Worlds. D. The Three-Body Problem.
3. What do the four books have in common?
A. They help readers to understand the world.
B. They taught young people to fight for life.
C. They were all published in the 90s.
D. They are all about aliens.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
B
Three years ago, CheMyong Jay Ko received a call from a broken-hearted old man saying his dog had just been killed by a truck. He asked: Would it be possible to clone his beloved pet?
Having studied cloning for more than 20 years, Ko had a positive answer. He knew a handful of commercial companies that were committed to bringing cloning to ordinary pet owners for a price, of course. To clone a dog, the owner had to pay $50,000 before taxes. The high price turned the old man off, but not some wealthy pet owners. The most famous is Barbara Streisand. The singer had two dogs cloned from cells taken from the mouth of her white deceased Sammie.
As Streisand wrote later, 揑 was so shocked by the loss of my beloved Sammie, after 14 years together, that I just wanted to keep her with me in some way. It was easier to let Sammie go if I knew I could keep some part of her alive, something that came from her DNA.
If you spend enough time reading about pet cloning, you抣l see that adjective come up over and over again: beloved. When people clone their animals, they do so because they love them and because they can抰 stand losing them forever. The price of $50,000 may seem reasonable if it saves you the immeasurable pain of saying goodbye to a beloved family member.
Talk to experts about cloning, however, and you抣l begin to realize that cloning has far more problems than money. For example, there would be significant differences between the clone and the original pet, both in their looks and personality. Even Streisand admitted, 揧ou can clone the look of a dog, but you can抰 clone the soul.
4. Why did the old man call Ko?
A. To save his dog. B. To seek comfort.
C. To have his pet cloned. D. To share heartbreaking news.
5. What does the underlined word 揹eceased in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Cute. B. Dead.
C. Cloned. D. Disabled.
6. Streisand抯 words in Paragraph 3 serve as ________.
A. an example of cloned pets
B. an analysis of how she kept her dog alive
C. an explanation why people clone their pets
D. a description her mixed feelings about cloning
7. What can be inferred about cloned animals from the last paragraph?
A. They may fail to meet people’s expectations.
B. They improve on the original in personality.
C. They may bring experts serious problems.
D. They look the same as the original.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
C
More than 80% of adolescents worldwide are not active enough, putting their health at risk by sitting focused on a screen rather than running about, say World Health Organization (WHO) researchers
The proportion of inadequate active girls in 27 countries rose to more than 90% in 2016, the latest year for which figures are available. There was a significant gender gap. Girls lag behind boys in physical activity, in all but four countries- Afghanistan, Samoa, Tonga and Zambia.
The WHO says the situation is serious and that urgent action must be taken to get adolescents moving, with inactivity posing a great threat to their current and future health. Physical activity is important to the development of bone, muscular strength, and heart and lung health. It helps young people avoid obesity, heart disease, cancers and diabetes (糖尿病) . There is growing evidence that it helps cognitive (认知的) development.
“This is not the good start in life that we would want for our children and adolescents,” said Bull.“The data are worrying for all-parents, the community and the health system.”
Although schools provide sports they are often under pressure. But Bull said communities and sporting associations can help, and towns can be better planned to encourage active living. Parental encouragement and providing a role model is also valuable.
Besides, a culture change is required, according to the WHO global action plan on physical activity, because there are disadvantages and unintended consequences to the use of digital media. It involves excessive (过度) amounts of time spent on phones, laptops and gaming devices. The electronic revolution has fundamentally transformed people’s movement patterns by changing where and how they live, learn, work, play and travel. Gradually and eventually, it isolates people indoors.
8. Why do so many adolescents have healthy problems?
A. They are not active enough. B. They like to run about.
C. They are used to sitting. D. They often risk travelling.
9. In which country do less girls take part in physical activities than boys?
A. Afghanistan. B. Samoa.
C. Zambia. D. China.
10. Which benefit of physical activity is still uncertain?
A. Development of bone. B. Muscular strength.
C. Heart and lung health. D. Cognitive development.
11. What is WHO抯 attitude to the use of digital media?
A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable.
C. Worried. D. Objective.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
D
A new experiment shows that the more energy consumed by a clock, the more accurate its timekeeping.
Clocks consume energy and release heat. A kitchen clock, for example, does this by using up its battery. Generally the most accurate clocks require the most energy, which suggests a fundamental connection between energy consumption and accuracy. This is what an international team of scientists from Lancaster. Oxford, and Vienna set out to test.
To do this, they built a particularly simple clock, consisting of a super-thin membrane (薄膜), combined with an electronic circuit. Each vibration (振动) of the membrane generated one electrical tick (滴答). The inventive aspect of this design is that it is powered simply by heating the membrane, while the complete flow of energy through the clock can be measured electrically.
The scientists found that the more heat they supplied, the more accurately the clock ran. In fact, the accuracy was directly relative to the heat released. To make the clock twice as accurate, they needed to supply twice as much heat.
The experiment shows a similarity between the operation of a clock and a steam engine. With a steam engine there is fundamental restriction on how much heat we must supply to do a desired amount of work. This restriction is the famous Second Law of Thermodynamics (热力学) which is central to modern engineering. What this experiment suggests is that clocks, like engines, are restricted by the Second Law, with their output being accurate ticks instead of mechanical work.
Dr Edward Laird of Lancaster University said: 揟his experiment suggests that clocks are also restricted by thermodynamics. It also poses an interesting question: are all possible clocks limited in this way, or is it just a characteristic of the ones we have studied?
Interestingly, many everyday clocks have an efficiency that is close to what the scientists analysis predicts. For example, their analysis predicts that a wristwatch whose accuracy per tick is one part in ten million must consume at least a microwatt of power. In fact, a basic wristwatch usually consumes only a few times this amount. The laws of thermodynamics, discovered in the nineteenth century, are still finding new applications today.
12. What do the scientists want to test about clocks?
A. Whether to restrict their heat supply.
B. How energy influences their accuracy.
C. How to make them particularly simple.
D. Whether they are similar to steam engines.
13. In what way do clocks work differently from steam engines according to the experiment?
A. The restriction from the Second Law
B. The law behind their operation.
C. The accuracy of their work.
D. The form of their output.
14. What will Dr Edward Laird most likely agree with?
A. Further studies should be done.
B. More questions should be raised.
C. Restrictions on clocks should be lifted.
D. Suggestions of the experiment should be adopted.
15. What is the article mainly about?
A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
B. The energy consumption of clocks.
C. A new experiment.
D. A simple clock.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Snorkeling (带通气管潜泳) can be a very rewarding activity. It benefits from its simplicity. ____16____. Here’s our guide to getting the most out of your snorkeling
Improve your swimming
If your swimming skills aren抰 the best, take some swimming lessons at your local pool. Focus in particular on the freestyle, as the kicking technique from that style is the one you抣l be using when snorkeling. ____17____.
Improve your breath hold
Many snorkelers simply stay at the surface, and use the snorkel to breathe while looking down. A number of more advanced snorkelers, though, do occasional dives below the surface while holding their breath. ____18____. You can do this, too, by training your breath holding capacity (能力).
____19____
Many new snorkelers swim along using their arms, like they’d do in a pool. But our legs, in particular with fins (脚蹼) on, outperform our arms many times over. So a good way to conserve energy is to keep our arms relaxed at our sides and focus on our fins instead. And don抰 kick too hard. It consumes much energy. Plus, it creates loud noises that will scare away the very animals you抮e there to see!
Snorkel deep
Are you one of the snorkelers who feel the urge to take short dives to get closer to reefs and marine animals? Get ready by breathing deep and slowly to fully fill your lungs. Once you are underwater, relax. ____20____. Slowly extend your bottom time for each time you dive. Soon, you抣l be able to snorkel deep.
A. It also allows for more flexibility
B. Conserve energy while snorkeling
C. Conserve your air while snorkeling
D. Come up well before you run out of air
E. Good swimming skills will help keep you safe in water
F. You抣l explore reefs and other underwater features up close
G. This will allow them to get a closer look at the marine wildlife
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. D
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Out in the Arizona wilderness, a very good boy is doing his part to save the planet. Chipper, an 8-year-old rescue dog who loves to ____21____, and his owner, Katie Pollak, are on a mission to help the ____22____ environment, picking up garbage wherever they ____23____ it near their home in Mesa, Arizona.
Pollak realized her dog had a(n) ____24____ passion for plastic shortly after ____25____ him from a shelter back in 2011, when he demonstrated an ____26____ in collecting water bottles. So she encouraged it and he motivated her to do the same. Soon they ____27____ a team and started getting out and picking up garbage ____28____.
Everywhere they go, they collect bags and bags of garbage— ____29____ beer cans, plastic bottles, old clothing and more - that other people have _____30_____. Pollak always comes prepared with bags to collect the _____31_____, and has been shocked at how much garbage she and her dog can pick up on a _____32_____ day.
Pollak and Chipper often meet up with friends to do big cleanups. Many of them are part of an _____33_____ called Wild Keepers, which plans to collect 1 million pounds of litter by the year 2023. They’ve been at it since 2016 and have collected over 200,000 pounds so far.
Chipper’s _____34_____ skill has made him something of a celebrity. Over 28,000 people follow their _____35_____ through Pollak’s social media account.
21. A. return B. recycle C. reuse D. repair
22. A. changing B. working C. natural D. safe
23. A. spot B. choose C. witness D. distribute
24. A. ambitious B. horrible C. genuine D. reasonable
25. A. throwing B. seizing C. removing D. adopting
26. A. innovation B. improvement C. increase D. interest
27. A. created B. approached C. hired D. helped
28. A. gradually B. frequently C. definitely D. sincerely
29. A. delicate B. antique C. empty D. big
30. A. left behind B. put away C. turned down D. worn out
31. A. cloth B. material C. food D. waste
32. A. sunny B. single C. long D. comfortable
33. A. effort B. experiment C. investigation D. era
34. A. necessary B. basic C. special D. practical
35. A. dreams B. suggestions C. directions D. adventures
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I entered high school our teacher told us that we are supposed to do some volunteer work
____36____ (enrich) our high school life and prepare us for university. Upon ____37____ (hear) this, I got excited and hoped that I would take part in this ____38____ (value) activity. I applied to be a volunteer at People’s Hospital of Zhongshan City, one of ____39____ biggest hospitals in our city. ____40____ (fortunate), I was accepted!
Last Saturday we went to the hospital as volunteers. I woke up early in the morning and went to the hospital with other volunteers. I was overwhelmed (不知所措的) with ____41____ (excite) when we entered the hospital. We
____42____ (greet) by the hospital staff, and I was chosen to be in charge of the self-service payment machines,
____43____ are designed for people to buy medicine and instantly pay for their hospital bills. The activity made me very happy. ____44____, most of the people we met in the hospital had worried faces. Suddenly, I noticed a foreigner having trouble using the machine. I went up to him _____45_____ a smile and helped him. The foreigner was very grateful and said that my smile lit up the hospital. I didn’t expect that a simple smile could have such magical power.
【答案】36. to enrich
37. hearing
38. valuable
39. the 40. Fortunately
41. excitement
42. were greeted
43. which 44. However
45. with
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的新加坡好友Jim准备暑假来华旅行，来信请你推荐一个最值得去的中国省份。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.推荐的省份；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Having read your letter, I'm excited at the news that you are coming to China for holiday this summer. I’m writing to recommend Yunnan Province to you, which I'm sure is a wonderful place you should never miss.
Yunnan Province enjoys a pleasant climate that is mild in winter and cool in summer, making it a super all-year-round holiday destination. Home to 25 ethnic minorities, it is a place where you can experience diverse cultures while admiring its amazing landscapes and historical sites. It is also a place where you can find almost every style of food, traditional crossing-the-bridge rice noodles and healthy herbal soups, to name but a few.
Looking forward to seeing you then. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible“stop" sign put there by my mom. “No, you cannot enter here!” she always said to me. Well, I really don’t blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn’t experiment with cooking. But they couldn’t stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon. I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon. I opened all the drawers but there was no sign of the spoon anywhere. Just as I was at a loss for what to do, I looked up and happened to find it hanging high up on the wall. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me. It was Mom. I froze with fear. She was angry at seeing the kitchen in a mess, the drawers all open, and some oil on the floor. She found a fit punishment for me-i was to eat the burnt omelette. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared. But I was happy with my accomplishment, even if it was a bit burnt, and even happier when Mom told me she would teach me how to cook!
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