2020年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）

2020年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
1．（2020·江苏）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a supermarket. B．In the post office C．In the street.
2．（2020·江苏）What did Carl do
A．He designed a medal. B．He fixed a TV set. C．He took a test.
3．（2020·江苏）What does the man do
A．He's a tailor.
B．He's a waiter.
C．He's a shop assistant.
4．（2020·江苏）When will the flight arrive
A．At 18:20. B．At 18:35. C．At 18:50.
5．（2020·江苏）How can the man improve his article
A．By deleting unnecessary words.
B．By adding a couple of points.
C．By correcting grammar mistakes.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
6．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）What does Bill often do on Friday night
A．Visit his parents. B．Go to the movies. C．Walk along Broadway.
（2）Who watches musical plays most often
A．Bill. B．Sarah. C．Bill's parents.
7．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）Why does David want to speak to Mike
A．To invite him to a party.
B．To discuss a schedule.
C．To call off a meeting.
（2）What do we know about the speakers
A．They are colleagues.
B．They are close friends.
C．They've never met before.
8．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）What kind of camera does the man want
A．A TV camera. B．A video camera. C．A movie camera.
（2）Which function is the man most interested in
A．Underwater filming. B．A large memory. C．Auto-focus.
（3）How much would the man pay for the second camera
A．950 euros. B．650 euros. C．470 euros.
9．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）Who is Clifford
A．A little girl.
B．The man's pet.
C．A fictional character.
（2）Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books
A．His wife. B．Elizabeth. C．A publisher.
（3）What is Norman's story based on
A．A book. B．A painting. C．A young woman.
（4）What is it that shocked Norman
A．His unexpected success.
B．His efforts made in vain.
C．His editor's disagreement.
10．（2020·江苏）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
（1）Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker
A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Visitors.
（2）Why do people have small talk
A．To express opinions.
B．To avoid arguments.
C．To show friendliness.
（3）Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk
A．Politics. B．Movies. C．Salaries.
（4）What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture
A．Asking open-ended questions.
B．Feeling free to change topics.
C．Making small talk interesting.
三、单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
11．（2020·江苏）Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which C．when D．whom
12．（2020·江苏）If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that ______ everyone.
A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited
13．（2020·江苏）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won't be delayed.
A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that
14．（2020·江苏）Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.
A．a wet blanket B．a piece of cake
C．a dark horse D．a hard nut to crack
15．（2020·江苏）It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why C．when D．where
16．（2020·江苏）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
A．had expected B．have expected C．would expect D．expect
17．（2020·江苏）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A．clarify B．justify C．satisfy D．classify
18．（2020·江苏）If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A．won't be B．wouldn't have been
C．wouldn't be D．shouldn't have been
19．（2020·江苏）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt C．allergic D．authentic
20．（2020·江苏）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A．in exchange for B．in answer to
C．in contact with D．in memory of
21．（2020·江苏）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with
C．having combined with D．to be combined with
22．（2020·江苏）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever
23．（2020·江苏）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.
A．reservation B．transformation C．distinction D．submission
24．（2020·江苏）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A．allowing for B．accounting for
C．calling for D．compensating for
25．（2020·江苏）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A．How come B．So what C．By all means. D．With pleasure.
四、完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
26．（2020·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success （1） fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the （2） in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no （3） of knowing that his life was to change （4） . The class experiment that day was to （5） how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. （6） , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat （7） held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container （8） , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents （9） to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had （10） their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as （11） . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) （12） public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from （13） for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to （14） his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue （15） it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the （16） Wilson made to preventing the （17） .
Wilson received several international （18） for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a （19） . He proved that it's not what happens to us that （20） our lives-it's what we make of what happens.
（1）A．depends B．holds C．keeps D．reflects
（2）A．dilemmas B．accidents C．events D．steps
（3）A．way B．hope C．plan D．measure
（4）A．continually B．gradually C．gracefully D．completely
（5）A．direct B．show C．advocate D．declare
（6）A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Thus
（7）A．mistakenly B．casually C．amazingly D．clumsily
（8）A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
（9）A．deserved B．attempted C．cared D．agreed
（10）A．submitted to B．catered for C．impressed on D．happened to
（11）A．fantastic B．extraordinary C．impressive D．catastrophic
（12）A．accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
（13）A．deafness B．depression C．blindness D．speechlessness
（14）A．decide B．abandon C．control D．accept
（15）A．until B．when C．unless D．before
（16）A．opposition B．adjustments C．commitment D．limitations
（17）A．preventable B．potential C．spreadable D．influential
（18）A．scholarships B．rewards C．awards D．bonuses
（19）A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision
（20）A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits
五、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
27．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
Some important dates in China's fighting Covid-19 before May
7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020 Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions. Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and
wuhan. Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group
arrived in Wuhan. Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020 Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units
started to lower their public health emergency response level. Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press
conference in Beijing. Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak
had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020 Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on
inbound arrivals at all points of entry. Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions. Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from
hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020 Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to
Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting
Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
（1）What happened between January 20 and February 20
A．The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B．The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C．The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D．Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
（2）From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan
A．January 23. B．March 11. C．April 8. D．May 7.
28．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
Sometimes it's hard to let go. For many British
people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country's
past-age-old castles, splendid homes… and red phone boxes.
Beaten first by the march of technology and
lately by the terrible weather in junkyards (废品场), the phone boxes
representative of an age are now making something of a comeback. Adapted in
imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets and village greens
housing tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).
The original iron boxes with the round roofs
first appeared in 1926. They were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, the
architect of the Battersea Power Station in London. After becoming an important
part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s,
with the rise of the mobile phone sending most of them away to the junkyards.
About that time, Tony Inglis' engineering and
transport company got the job to remove phone boxes from the streets and sell
them out. But Inglis ended up buying hundreds of them himself, with the idea of
repairing and selling them. He said that he had heard the calls to preserve the
boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
As Inglis and, later other
businessmen, got to work, repurposed phone boxes began reappearing in cities
and villages as people found new uses for them. Today, they are once again a
familiar sight, playing roles that are often just as important for the community
as their original purpose.
In rural areas, where ambulances can take a
relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving
role. Local organizations can adopt them for l pound, and install
defibrillators to help in emergencies.
Others also looked at the phone boxes and saw
business opportunities. LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones
rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in
2016.
The tiny shops made economic sense, according to
Robert Kerr, a founder of LoveFone. He said that one of the boxes generated
around $13,500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400 to rent.
Inglis said phone boxes called to mind an age
when things were built to last. I "like what they are to people, and I
enjoy bringing things back," he said.
（1）The phone boxes are making a comeback ______.
A．to form a beautiful sight of the city
B．to improve telecommunications services
C．to remind people of a historical period
D．to meet the requirement of green economy
（2）Why did the phone boxes begin to go out of service in the 1980s
A．They were not well-designed. B．They provided bad services.
C．They had too short a history. D．They lost to new technologies.
（3）The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because of ______.
A．their new appearance and lower prices
B．the push of the local organizations
C．their changed roles and functions
D．the big funding of the businessmen
（2020·江苏）阅读理解
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
29．The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A．digest the meal easily B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat D．eat whatever is offered
30．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C．They could walk at an average speed.
D．They had slow metabolic rates.
31．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They consumed a bit more calories.
C．They burned more fat on average.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
32．What could be learned from the research
A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
33．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.
We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, "In your home, do you have a moon too " I was surprised.
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan's world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan's world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.
Yet, as I thought about Juan's question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though How ignorant (无知的) are we The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.
In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
（1）How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon
A．Out of place. B．Full of joy. C．Sleepy. D．Regretful.
（2）What made that Amazonian evening wonderful
A．He learned more about the local language.
B．They had a nice conversation with each other.
C．They understood each other while playing.
D．He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.
（3）Why was the author surprised at Juan's question about the moon
A．The question was too straightforward.
B．Juan knew so little about the world.
C．The author didn't know how to answer.
D．The author didn't think Juan was sincere.
（4）What was the author's initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles
A．To sort out what we have known.
B．To deepen his research into Amazonians.
C．To improve his reputation as a biologist.
D．To learn more about local cultures.
（5）How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries
A．They shifted their viewpoints frequently.
B．They followed other scientists closely.
C．They often criticized their fellow scientists.
D．They conducted in-depth and close studies.
（6）What could be the most suitable title for the passage
A．The Possible and the Impossible. B．The Known and the Unknown.
C．The Civilized and the Uncivilized. D．The Ignorant and the Intelligent.
六、任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
34．（2020·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只填一个单词。
Humor
If you see humor as an optional form of
entertainment, you're missing some of its biggest benefits: Humor makes
average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining.
Studies show that a good sense of humor even makes you seem smarter.
Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that
can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal
life. The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and
that will raise your overall energy even more.
Humor also transports your mind away from your
daily troubles. Humor lets you better understand life and sometimes helps you
laugh at even the worst of your problems.
In my experience, most people think they have a
sense of humor, and to some degree that's true. But not all senses of humor are
created equal. So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for
everyday life.
You don't have to be the joke teller in the
group in order to show your sense of humor. You can be the one who directs the
conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. Every party
needs a straight person. You'll appear fun and funny by association.
When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts
a lot. When people see you trying to be funny, it frees them to try it
themselves. So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be
freeing the long kept humor in others. People need permission to be funny in
social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor. For
in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think. Your attitude
and effort count a lot.
Some people--and I was one of them--believe that
humorous complaints about the little problems of life make humor, and sometimes
that is the case. The problem comes when you start doing too much
complaint-based humor. One funny observation about problem in your life can be
funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are.
Funny complaints can wear people out.
Self-deprecating(自嘲式) humor is usually the
safest type, but here again you don't want to overshoot the target. One
self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor. You
have to be at least a bit self-assured to laugh at yourself in front of others.
But if you do it too often, you can transform in the eyes of others from a
confident joker to a Chihuahua dog.
Humor
Benefits of humor ●Humor
is form of 　 　. Humor
can improve one's　 　 and
personality. ●Humor
can make one 　 　 in his
work, study, and life. ●Humor
has a positive　 　 effect
when we are in difficulties.
　 　to
follow ●　 　 others
for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke yourself when showing
your sense of humor. ●Quality
counts 　 　 than
attitude and effort-even stupid joke can 　 　 others of risk and embarrassment.
Traps to 　 　 ●One
humorous complaint makes funny person. But too many complaints will 　 　 your audience. ●Self-deprecating
comments show one's assurance. But too much deprecation will make a Chihuahua
dog.
七、书面表达(满分25分)
35．（2020·江苏）请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(documentary)的对话，并按照要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的文章。
Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did you see the BBC documentary on CCTV 9
last week Li Jiang: You mean Du Fu:
China's Greatest Poet Yes, I did. Fantastic! Su Hua: Just think an English actor recites Chinese poems. Li Jiang: I don't really understand every line he recites, but I
believe he truly loves the poems himself. Su Hua: Right. It is reported that the film is well received
outside China. Li Jiang: Yeah, It's my first time to hear Chinese stories told
by an English speaker. Su Hua: In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful
both at home and abroad. These films can help foreign friends better
understand this land-Chinese literature, geography history, food... Li Jiang: I couldn't agree more.
【写作内容】
1）用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容；
2）谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。
【写作要求】
1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3）不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket
W:It's on Pennings Road. Go past the post office and it's on your left.
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:I don't know how you did it, Carl, but the TV works beautifully now. You should get a medal for your work.
M:It wasn't hard at all. It was much easier than preparing for the tests.
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Good morning, madam. What can I do for you
W:Well, the sleeves of this jacket are too long. Can you make them shorter
M:Let me take a look. OK, I can do it for twenty dollars.
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Excuse me. Could you tell me what time Flight AF35 gets in
M:Well, it's due in at 6: 20 p. m., but the announcement said just now that ithas a thirty-minute delay because of the bad weather.
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Miss Miller, could you tell me how I can improve this article I got B plus.
W:It's quite good, actually. The language used is good and the main points are covered.There is just too much repetition. You could have said everything within two pages.
6．【答案】（1）B
（2）B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:So, Bill. What do you usually do on the weekend
M:I often go to the movies with friends on Friday night. How about you, Sarah
W:Well, I love seeing musical plays on Broadway with my friends. Have you been to any
M:Not really. I saw one when I moved to New York and another one when my parentscame to visit. But not ever since.
7．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Hello, Helen Smith speaking, can I help you
M:Hello, this is David. Could I speak to Mike, please
W:I am afraid he is not available at the moment. would you leave a message
M:Yes, I am calling to cancel the meeting we scheduled for this afternoon.
W:OK,let me take this down. Could I have your name again
M:Certainly, it's David Stone.
8．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Can I help you, sir
M:I want to buy a camera.
W:Right. We have ordinary cameras, movie cameras and video cameras. They are all digital.
M:Well. I am thinking of a video camera.
W:Let's see. How much do you want to spend, sir
M:Oh, I'm not really sure. What is the price
W:Well, that depends on the model and anything else you want to have in it.
M:I see.
W:How about this one It has one of the new memory sticks and a protective case forfilming underwater so you can take it when you go diving.
M:It doesn't have auto-focus
W:No, it doesn't.
M:That's OK. The underwater filming is important for me, actually. How much is this
W:It costs 650 euros.
M:Oh, that's a bit expensive for me. Have you got anything similar but less expensive
W:Well, here is the sale of the week. It's excellent for the price. Only 470 eurosand includes...
9．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:A big dog celebrates a big birthday this year. Clifford the Big Red Dog first appeared50 years ago, along with Emily Elizabeth, the little girl who loves him. Today we have Norman Brid well, to talk with NPR's reporter of his dog's 50th birthday. So, Norman tell us how it all started.
M:Well, it was 1962 and I was struggling, not very successful artist in New York. My wife suggested that I try my hand in painting for children's books. So I didten paintings and took them to publishers. I was turned down everywhere, except one publisher, where a young woman told me I wasn't very good. So if I wanted to paint for a book, I needed to write one on my own.
W:So you did
M:Umm, the woman pointed to a painting I'd done, about a little girl with a big red dog. And she said “maybe that's the story”. And I went home. And over that
weekend,I wrote the story Clifford the Big Red Dog, and was shocked when it was accepted for publication because I'd never written anything before.
W:I see. How wonderful!
M:Yes, it was. My wife was also at shock when she did realize it wasn't a dream.But it was just luck.
W:And that luck turned into 90 Clifford books that have sold 126 million copies in 13 languages.
10．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, everyone. Today I'm going to talk about small talk, that is, short conversations people often have with strangers they meet. Such exchanges occur at bus stops, on buses, while waiting in line, almost anywhere that strangers gather close together. As a matter of fact, these short conversations are a good way for people to say hello and express friendliness. Such conversations usually cover a wide range of topics. The topics may include weather, customer service, movies, TV shows, local sports or latest news. But you should always keep it in your mind that private questions about salaries, family life, religious beliefs and politics should be avoided during these conversations. Besides, it's better to ask open-ended questions. If you ask visitors, “Do you like our city ” They may say simply, “Yes”. On the other hand, if you ask, “What do you think of our city ” They will have more freedom in answering. This type of question also shows that you are interested in them. If you appear interested in what people are saying, they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
11．【答案】B
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。from _____ students can choose for free.是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数作主语。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if“即使”；B. as if“好像”；C. now that“既然”；D. so that“为了”。it won't be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及so that引导的你目的状语从句。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket“一件扫兴的事情”；B. a piece of cake“小菜一碟”；C. a dark horse“黑马，出人意外的获胜者”；D. a hard nut to crack“很难解决的问题”。根据空前“such a bridge over the bay”及空后“but the local government made it within two years”可知，在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。
【点评】考查习惯用语辨析，区分a wet blanket； a piece of cake； a dark horse和a hard nut to crack的含义和习惯用语。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether“是否”；B. why“为什么”；C. when“什么时候”；D. where“在哪里”。根据下文“it's just a matter of time”可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处的动作发生在examined之前，是“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
17．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify“澄清”；B. justify“证明”；C. satisfy “满足”；D. classify“分类”。故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分 clarify； justify； satisfy和 classify的含义。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及错综时间虚拟语气的应用。
19．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd“荒谬的”；B. abrupt“突然的”；C. allergic“过敏的”；D. authentic“真实的”。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分absurd； abrupt； allergic和 authentic的含义。
20．【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语；介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for“作为交换”；B. in answer to“回答”；C. in contact with“接触，与……有联系”；D. in memory of“纪念”。故选C。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in exchange for； in answer to； in contact with和 in memory of的含义。
21．【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。be combined with固定短语，“与……结合/联合”，此处是过去分词作定语。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
22．【答案】D
【知识点】词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever“无论哪个”；B. whenever“无论何时”；C. wherever“无论何地”；D. whatever“无论什么”此处作介词 for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，用whatever。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析，区分whichever； whenever； wherever和 whatever的含义和应用。
23．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation“预订”；B. transformation“改革，变革”；C. distinction“区别”；D. submission“提交”。根据The health security systems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分 reservation； transformation； distinction和 submission的含义。
24．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for“使……成为可能，促进……的发生”；B. accounting fo“r解释”；C. calling for“需要，要求，呼吁”；D. compensating for“补偿”。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分 allow for； account for； call for和 compensate for的含义。
25．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道关于张仲景的事情吗？——当然。 自东汉以来，他被尊为医学大师。A. How come “怎么会？”B. So what “那又怎样？”C. By all means.“当然”；D. With pleasure.“很愿效劳”。根据“He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.”可知，后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。故选C。
【点评】考查日常交际用语，区分 How come ； So what ； By all means.和 With pleasure.的含义和使用环境。
26．【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）B；（10）D；（11）D；（12）A；（13）C；（14）D；（15）B；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Wilson 一次意外失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的经历告诉人们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
（1）考查动词。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends“依靠”；B. holds“握，持有”；C. keeps“保持”；D. reflects“反映”。此处表示仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on固定短语，“取决于，依靠”。故选A。
（2）考查名词。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas“进退两难的处境”；B. accidents“意外事故”；C. events“事件”；D. steps“脚步，步骤”。根据下文“He proved that it's not what happens to us that 20 our lives-it's what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选C。
（3）考查名词。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的John Wilson 走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way“方法，方式”；B. hope“希望”；C. plan“计划”；D. measure“措施”。John Wilson无法预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
（4）考查副词。A. continually“不断地”；B. gradually“逐渐地”；C. gracefully“优雅地”；D. completely“完全地”根据下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这完全改变了他的生活。故选D。
（5）考查动词。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct“指导，引导”；B. show“展示”；C. advocate“提倡，倡导”；D. declare“宣布”。那天的课堂实验的目的是展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
（6）考查副词。句意：不知怎么的，老师给Wilson加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway“无论如何，不管怎样”；B. Moreover“而且”；C. Somehow“不知怎么地”；D. Thus“因此”。故选C。
（7）考查副词。A. mistakenly“错误地”；B. casually“随意地”；C. amazingly“令人惊奇地”；D. clumsily“笨拙地”。老师误在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
（8）考查动词。句意：当Wilson把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致Wilson失明。A. erupted“爆发，喷出”；B. exploded“爆炸”；C. emptied“腾空，掏空”；D. exposed“揭露，使暴露”。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸导致Wilson失明。故选B。
（9）考查动词。句意：两个月后，当Wilson出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved“值得，应得，应受”；B. attempted“试图，尝试”；C. cared“关心，在乎”； D. agreed“同意”。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to“提交，服从……”；B. catered for“迎合”；C. impressed on“给……留下印象”；D. happened to“发生”。这场事故发生在了Wilson一家人的生活中。故选D。
（11）考查形容词。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic“极好的”；B. extraordinary“不同寻常的”；C. impressive“给人深刻印象的”；D. catastrophic“灾难性的，毁灭性的”。根据上文“his parents 9 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 10 their lives.”失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，Wilson并没有将这场事故看作是灾难性的。故选D。
（12）考查形容词。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished“才华高的，有成就的”；B. crucial“至关重要的，关键性的”；C. specific“特定的，具体的”；D. innocent“无辜的，天真的”。根据上文Wilson很快学会了盲文，并在Worcester College盲人学院继续接受教育；以及本句中的not only…but also…可推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。故选A。
（13）考查名词。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness“聋”；B. depression“沮丧”；C. blindness“瞎”；D. speechlessness“哑口无言”。根据下文的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 16 Wilson made to preventing the 17 ”可知，很多人因为Wilson的努力而复明。可推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。故选C。
（14）考查动词。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide“决定”；B. abandon“抛弃”；C. control“控制”；D. accept“接受”。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 11 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 12 public speaker”可知，Wilson失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，可推知，他接受了自己失明的事实。故选D。
（15）考查状语从句。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until“直到”；B. when“在……情况下，当……时候”；C. unless“除非”；D. before“在……之前”。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。故选B。
（16）考查名词。句意：因为Wilson努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition“反对”；B. adjustments“调整，调节”；C. commitment“奉献，投入”；D. limitations“限制”。根据上文中的“This moved him to action”可知，Wilson行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的奉献，很多人恢复了视力。故选C。
（17）考查形容词。A. preventable“可预防的，可阻止的”；B. potential“潜在的，有潜力的”；C. spreadable“(黄油等)容易被涂开的”；D. influential“有影响力的”。此处表示Wilson努力地去预防可以预防的情况。故选A。
（18）考查名词。句意：Wilson因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships“奖学金”；B. rewards“奖励，回报”；C. awards“奖，奖品”；D. bonuses“红利，津贴”。因为他的巨大贡献，Wilson获得了几个国际大奖。故选C。
（19）考查名词。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune“运气，财富”；B. recipe“食谱，秘诀”；C. dream“梦，梦想”；D. vision“视野”。根据上文可知，虽然Wilson失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的视野开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
（20）考查动词。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes“区分，辨别”；B. determines“决定”；C. claims“宣称”；D. limits“限制”。结合上文中的“Success 1 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 2 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情决定我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了2020年5月7日前，中国抗击新冠肺炎的重要日期。
（1）考查细节理解。根据表格中Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020部分中的“ Jan27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.”可知，在一月二十号到二月二十号之间，中央领导小组抵达武汉。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分中的“Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions”4月8日:武汉取消出境交通限制)可推知，从四月八日起，私家车被允许离开武汉。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
28．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在英国，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用。后来，一些商人使电话亭的角色和功能发生了变化，电话亭又变得流行起来。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sometimes it's hard to let go. For many British people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country's past-age-old castles, splendid homes.. and red phone boxes.”有时候真的很难放手。对许多英国人来说，这可以适用于代表他们国家过去历史的机构和物品--古老的城堡、辉煌的住宅……还有红色的电话亭；以及最后一段中的“Inglis said phone boxes called to mind an age when things were built to last.”Inglis 说，电话亭让人想起了一个东西经久耐用的时代，可知，电话亭正在卷土重来，以提醒人们一个历史时期。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“After becoming an important part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s, with the rise of the mobile phone sending most of them away to the junkyards.”在成为英国许多街道的重要组成部分后，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始消失，随着移动电话的兴起，大部分电话亭被扔到了垃圾场，可知，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用是因为它们输给了新技术。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段“As Inglis and, later other businessmen, got to work, repurposed phone boxes began reappearing in cities and villages as people found new uses for them. Today, they are once again a familiar sight, playing roles that are often just as important for the community as their original purpose.”随着Inglis和后来的其他商人开始工作，改装后的电话亭开始在城市和乡村重新出现，人们发现了它们的新用途。今天，它们再次成为人们熟悉的景象，扮演着与它们最初的目的同样重要的角色；第六段中的“In rural areas, where ambulances can take a relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role.”在农村地区，救护车要花相当长的时间才能到达，电话亭就起到了拯救生命的作用；以及第七段中的“Others also looked at the phone boxes and saw business opportunities.”其他人也在电话亭寻找商机)可推断出，电话亭之所以变得流行，主要是因为它们的角色和功能发生了变化。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】29．B
30．A
31．B
32．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.”他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。
31．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.”结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
32．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.”这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。
33．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和妻子来到了亚马逊，妻子是一名医学研究者。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在生物多样性发现的过程中，作者意识到，很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs and more often than not, didn't entirely recognize the food. We couldn't have felt more foreign.”我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当地的风俗习惯，而且往往我们不能完全认识食物，我们感觉非常陌生。可知，作者一到达亚马逊感觉格格不入。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly.”每个人都知道规则，在传球和射门方面，我们说着同样的语言，彼此非常了解。可知，踢球时他们的彼此理解使得他们的亚马逊夜晚很美好。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段“In Juan's world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous.”在 Juan的世界里，未知的东西和未被发现的东西是浩瀚而神奇的。可判断， Juan对这个世界知之甚少。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. ”我开始收集报纸上关于新物种、新蜘蛛的文章……它们源源不断地出现，我的抽屉很快就填满了。我开始用第二个抽屉来储存更普遍的发现:在新的洞穴系统发现了几十个无名的物种……我还为这些重大发现准备了第三个抽屉。可判断，作者收集报纸文章的初始目的是为了分类我们所知道的事情。故选A。
（5）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“but they pay more attention to them ,and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion ,and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers.”但他们更多地关注这些发现，他们把注意力集中在这些发现上直到精疲力竭的地步，冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。可知，杰出的科学家进行深入细致的研究，做出重大的发现。故选D。
（6）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，作者和妻子来到了亚马逊。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解到一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在对这里的风土人情和多样化生物的研究过程中，作者提高了认识，意识到很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。所以短文的最佳标题为“已知和未知的事物”。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
34．【答案】entertainment；appearance/look；energetic；psychological；Tips/Suggestions/Advice；Preparing；less；relieve/free；avoid/skip；bore/tire/exhaust
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了幽默的好处，讲遵循的技巧以及所要避开的陷阱。
（1）考查原词再现。根据第一段中的“If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you're missing some of its biggest benefits” 如果你把幽默看作是一种可选的娱乐形式，你就错过了它的一些最大的好处。可知，幽默是一种娱乐形式。故填entertainment。
（2）考查语意转化。根据第一段中的“Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. ”幽默能让相貌平平的人看起来可爱，让不感兴趣的人看起来很有趣。可知，幽默可以改善一个人的外表和个性。故填appearance/look。
（3）考查词性转换。根据第二段中的“Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. ”最重要的是，幽默能提升你的精力，这会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。可知，幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中充满活力。句中名词energy转换成形容词，故填energetic。
（4）考查语意转化。根据第三段中的“Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles.”幽默还能使你的思维从日常烦恼中解脱出来。可知，幽默让你理解生活，有时帮助你在最困难时能够大笑。可以推断出当我们遇到困难时，幽默会对我们的心理产生影响。故填psychological。
（5）考查原词再现。根据第四段中的“So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for everyday life.”所以我觉得在日常生活中加入一些幽默技巧会很有用。可知，这里为幽默所要遵循的建议或技巧。故填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。
（6）考查语意转化。根据第五段中的“You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. ”你可以把谈话引向有趣的话题，而这些话题已经为其他人增添了幽默感。可知，这里指为他人准备一场有趣的对话。所填词中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Preparing。
（7）考查语意转化。根据第六段中的“When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot.”说到个人幽默，努力是很重要的；以及”For in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think. Your attitude and effort count a lot.” 对于面对面的幽默，质量并不像你想象的那么重要。你的态度和努力很重要。可知，质量没有态度和努力重要。故填less。
（8）考查原词再现。根据第六段中的“So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the long kept humor in others. ”所以，即使你自己的幽默努力失败了，你也可能释放了别人长期保持的幽默。可知，即使是一个愚蠢的笑话也能让别人免于风险和尴尬。relieve/free…of…固定短语，“免于……”。故填relieve/free。
（9）考查归纳总结。根据表格此栏后面的内容可知，这里是讲幽默所需要避开的陷阱。故填avoid/skip。
（10）考查语意转化。根据倒数第二段中的”One funny observation about a problem in your life can be funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are. Funny complaints can wear people out. ”对生活中某个问题的一个有趣的观察可能很有趣，但五个就是只有抱怨了，不管你认为自己有多聪明。有趣的抱怨会让人筋疲力尽。可知，太多的抱怨只会让人厌烦或筋疲力尽。故填bore/tire/exhaust。
【点评】本题考点涉及原词再现，语意转化，词性转换和归纳总结四个题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，同时结合相关的词汇知识和语法知识，写出正确的答案。
35．【答案】 CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. This well-made film provides foreign audiences with a fresh way of better knowing China's past and present.
Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners. For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. These documentaries present a splendid picture of China in front of their audiences-it history, landscape, art, food, or even traditional Chinese medicine.
Because of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China. In this way, they can form a true picture of China themselves.
【知识点】文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本书面表达属于读写任务写作，话题涉及中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎。考生先要概括文章概要，然后分析中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因。动笔前，首先要认真阅读对话，并理解其内容。其次，认真看清题目要求，在稿子上列出提纲。最后，根据要求写出文章。这篇书面表达写作内容：1.用约30个单词概括上述信息的主要内容；2.用约120个单词发表你的观点，至少用2个理由或论据支撑你的观点。写作的时候，要按照要点去表达，不能有遗漏，要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型，使自己的文章更有文采。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. 运用了同位语； Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners.运用了过去分词作定语； For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.运用了结果状语从句和宾语从句；It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. 运用了限制性定语从句。
1 / 12020年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
1．（2020·江苏）Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a supermarket. B．In the post office C．In the street.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket
W:It's on Pennings Road. Go past the post office and it's on your left.
2．（2020·江苏）What did Carl do
A．He designed a medal. B．He fixed a TV set. C．He took a test.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:I don't know how you did it, Carl, but the TV works beautifully now. You should get a medal for your work.
M:It wasn't hard at all. It was much easier than preparing for the tests.
3．（2020·江苏）What does the man do
A．He's a tailor.
B．He's a waiter.
C．He's a shop assistant.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Good morning, madam. What can I do for you
W:Well, the sleeves of this jacket are too long. Can you make them shorter
M:Let me take a look. OK, I can do it for twenty dollars.
4．（2020·江苏）When will the flight arrive
A．At 18:20. B．At 18:35. C．At 18:50.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Excuse me. Could you tell me what time Flight AF35 gets in
M:Well, it's due in at 6: 20 p. m., but the announcement said just now that ithas a thirty-minute delay because of the bad weather.
5．（2020·江苏）How can the man improve his article
A．By deleting unnecessary words.
B．By adding a couple of points.
C．By correcting grammar mistakes.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M:Miss Miller, could you tell me how I can improve this article I got B plus.
W:It's quite good, actually. The language used is good and the main points are covered.There is just too much repetition. You could have said everything within two pages.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
6．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）What does Bill often do on Friday night
A．Visit his parents. B．Go to the movies. C．Walk along Broadway.
（2）Who watches musical plays most often
A．Bill. B．Sarah. C．Bill's parents.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:So, Bill. What do you usually do on the weekend
M:I often go to the movies with friends on Friday night. How about you, Sarah
W:Well, I love seeing musical plays on Broadway with my friends. Have you been to any
M:Not really. I saw one when I moved to New York and another one when my parentscame to visit. But not ever since.
7．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）Why does David want to speak to Mike
A．To invite him to a party.
B．To discuss a schedule.
C．To call off a meeting.
（2）What do we know about the speakers
A．They are colleagues.
B．They are close friends.
C．They've never met before.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Hello, Helen Smith speaking, can I help you
M:Hello, this is David. Could I speak to Mike, please
W:I am afraid he is not available at the moment. would you leave a message
M:Yes, I am calling to cancel the meeting we scheduled for this afternoon.
W:OK,let me take this down. Could I have your name again
M:Certainly, it's David Stone.
8．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）What kind of camera does the man want
A．A TV camera. B．A video camera. C．A movie camera.
（2）Which function is the man most interested in
A．Underwater filming. B．A large memory. C．Auto-focus.
（3）How much would the man pay for the second camera
A．950 euros. B．650 euros. C．470 euros.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:Can I help you, sir
M:I want to buy a camera.
W:Right. We have ordinary cameras, movie cameras and video cameras. They are all digital.
M:Well. I am thinking of a video camera.
W:Let's see. How much do you want to spend, sir
M:Oh, I'm not really sure. What is the price
W:Well, that depends on the model and anything else you want to have in it.
M:I see.
W:How about this one It has one of the new memory sticks and a protective case forfilming underwater so you can take it when you go diving.
M:It doesn't have auto-focus
W:No, it doesn't.
M:That's OK. The underwater filming is important for me, actually. How much is this
W:It costs 650 euros.
M:Oh, that's a bit expensive for me. Have you got anything similar but less expensive
W:Well, here is the sale of the week. It's excellent for the price. Only 470 eurosand includes...
9．（2020·江苏）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
（1）Who is Clifford
A．A little girl.
B．The man's pet.
C．A fictional character.
（2）Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books
A．His wife. B．Elizabeth. C．A publisher.
（3）What is Norman's story based on
A．A book. B．A painting. C．A young woman.
（4）What is it that shocked Norman
A．His unexpected success.
B．His efforts made in vain.
C．His editor's disagreement.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:A big dog celebrates a big birthday this year. Clifford the Big Red Dog first appeared50 years ago, along with Emily Elizabeth, the little girl who loves him. Today we have Norman Brid well, to talk with NPR's reporter of his dog's 50th birthday. So, Norman tell us how it all started.
M:Well, it was 1962 and I was struggling, not very successful artist in New York. My wife suggested that I try my hand in painting for children's books. So I didten paintings and took them to publishers. I was turned down everywhere, except one publisher, where a young woman told me I wasn't very good. So if I wanted to paint for a book, I needed to write one on my own.
W:So you did
M:Umm, the woman pointed to a painting I'd done, about a little girl with a big red dog. And she said “maybe that's the story”. And I went home. And over that
weekend,I wrote the story Clifford the Big Red Dog, and was shocked when it was accepted for publication because I'd never written anything before.
W:I see. How wonderful!
M:Yes, it was. My wife was also at shock when she did realize it wasn't a dream.But it was just luck.
W:And that luck turned into 90 Clifford books that have sold 126 million copies in 13 languages.
10．（2020·江苏）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
（1）Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker
A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Visitors.
（2）Why do people have small talk
A．To express opinions.
B．To avoid arguments.
C．To show friendliness.
（3）Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk
A．Politics. B．Movies. C．Salaries.
（4）What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture
A．Asking open-ended questions.
B．Feeling free to change topics.
C．Making small talk interesting.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, everyone. Today I'm going to talk about small talk, that is, short conversations people often have with strangers they meet. Such exchanges occur at bus stops, on buses, while waiting in line, almost anywhere that strangers gather close together. As a matter of fact, these short conversations are a good way for people to say hello and express friendliness. Such conversations usually cover a wide range of topics. The topics may include weather, customer service, movies, TV shows, local sports or latest news. But you should always keep it in your mind that private questions about salaries, family life, religious beliefs and politics should be avoided during these conversations. Besides, it's better to ask open-ended questions. If you ask visitors, “Do you like our city ” They may say simply, “Yes”. On the other hand, if you ask, “What do you think of our city ” They will have more freedom in answering. This type of question also shows that you are interested in them. If you appear interested in what people are saying, they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
三、单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
11．（2020·江苏）Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which C．when D．whom
【答案】B
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。from _____ students can choose for free.是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。
12．（2020·江苏）If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that ______ everyone.
A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited
【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数作主语。
13．（2020·江苏）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won't be delayed.
A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that
【答案】D
【知识点】目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if“即使”；B. as if“好像”；C. now that“既然”；D. so that“为了”。it won't be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及so that引导的你目的状语从句。
14．（2020·江苏）Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.
A．a wet blanket B．a piece of cake
C．a dark horse D．a hard nut to crack
【答案】D
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket“一件扫兴的事情”；B. a piece of cake“小菜一碟”；C. a dark horse“黑马，出人意外的获胜者”；D. a hard nut to crack“很难解决的问题”。根据空前“such a bridge over the bay”及空后“but the local government made it within two years”可知，在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。
【点评】考查习惯用语辨析，区分a wet blanket； a piece of cake； a dark horse和a hard nut to crack的含义和习惯用语。
15．（2020·江苏）It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why C．when D．where
【答案】A
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether“是否”；B. why“为什么”；C. when“什么时候”；D. where“在哪里”。根据下文“it's just a matter of time”可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
16．（2020·江苏）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
A．had expected B．have expected C．would expect D．expect
【答案】A
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处的动作发生在examined之前，是“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
17．（2020·江苏）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A．clarify B．justify C．satisfy D．classify
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify“澄清”；B. justify“证明”；C. satisfy “满足”；D. classify“分类”。故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分 clarify； justify； satisfy和 classify的含义。
18．（2020·江苏）If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A．won't be B．wouldn't have been
C．wouldn't be D．shouldn't have been
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及错综时间虚拟语气的应用。
19．（2020·江苏）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt C．allergic D．authentic
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd“荒谬的”；B. abrupt“突然的”；C. allergic“过敏的”；D. authentic“真实的”。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分absurd； abrupt； allergic和 authentic的含义。
20．（2020·江苏）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A．in exchange for B．in answer to
C．in contact with D．in memory of
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语；介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for“作为交换”；B. in answer to“回答”；C. in contact with“接触，与……有联系”；D. in memory of“纪念”。故选C。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in exchange for； in answer to； in contact with和 in memory of的含义。
21．（2020·江苏）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with
C．having combined with D．to be combined with
【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。be combined with固定短语，“与……结合/联合”，此处是过去分词作定语。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
22．（2020·江苏）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever
【答案】D
【知识点】词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever“无论哪个”；B. whenever“无论何时”；C. wherever“无论何地”；D. whatever“无论什么”此处作介词 for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，用whatever。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析，区分whichever； whenever； wherever和 whatever的含义和应用。
23．（2020·江苏）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.
A．reservation B．transformation C．distinction D．submission
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation“预订”；B. transformation“改革，变革”；C. distinction“区别”；D. submission“提交”。根据The health security systems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分 reservation； transformation； distinction和 submission的含义。
24．（2020·江苏）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A．allowing for B．accounting for
C．calling for D．compensating for
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for“使……成为可能，促进……的发生”；B. accounting fo“r解释”；C. calling for“需要，要求，呼吁”；D. compensating for“补偿”。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分 allow for； account for； call for和 compensate for的含义。
25．（2020·江苏）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A．How come B．So what C．By all means. D．With pleasure.
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道关于张仲景的事情吗？——当然。 自东汉以来，他被尊为医学大师。A. How come “怎么会？”B. So what “那又怎样？”C. By all means.“当然”；D. With pleasure.“很愿效劳”。根据“He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.”可知，后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。故选C。
【点评】考查日常交际用语，区分 How come ； So what ； By all means.和 With pleasure.的含义和使用环境。
四、完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
26．（2020·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success （1） fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the （2） in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no （3） of knowing that his life was to change （4） . The class experiment that day was to （5） how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. （6） , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat （7） held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container （8） , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents （9） to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had （10） their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as （11） . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) （12） public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from （13） for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to （14） his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue （15） it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the （16） Wilson made to preventing the （17） .
Wilson received several international （18） for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a （19） . He proved that it's not what happens to us that （20） our lives-it's what we make of what happens.
（1）A．depends B．holds C．keeps D．reflects
（2）A．dilemmas B．accidents C．events D．steps
（3）A．way B．hope C．plan D．measure
（4）A．continually B．gradually C．gracefully D．completely
（5）A．direct B．show C．advocate D．declare
（6）A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Thus
（7）A．mistakenly B．casually C．amazingly D．clumsily
（8）A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
（9）A．deserved B．attempted C．cared D．agreed
（10）A．submitted to B．catered for C．impressed on D．happened to
（11）A．fantastic B．extraordinary C．impressive D．catastrophic
（12）A．accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
（13）A．deafness B．depression C．blindness D．speechlessness
（14）A．decide B．abandon C．control D．accept
（15）A．until B．when C．unless D．before
（16）A．opposition B．adjustments C．commitment D．limitations
（17）A．preventable B．potential C．spreadable D．influential
（18）A．scholarships B．rewards C．awards D．bonuses
（19）A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision
（20）A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）B；（10）D；（11）D；（12）A；（13）C；（14）D；（15）B；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Wilson 一次意外失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的经历告诉人们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
（1）考查动词。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends“依靠”；B. holds“握，持有”；C. keeps“保持”；D. reflects“反映”。此处表示仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on固定短语，“取决于，依靠”。故选A。
（2）考查名词。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas“进退两难的处境”；B. accidents“意外事故”；C. events“事件”；D. steps“脚步，步骤”。根据下文“He proved that it's not what happens to us that 20 our lives-it's what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选C。
（3）考查名词。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的John Wilson 走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way“方法，方式”；B. hope“希望”；C. plan“计划”；D. measure“措施”。John Wilson无法预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
（4）考查副词。A. continually“不断地”；B. gradually“逐渐地”；C. gracefully“优雅地”；D. completely“完全地”根据下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这完全改变了他的生活。故选D。
（5）考查动词。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct“指导，引导”；B. show“展示”；C. advocate“提倡，倡导”；D. declare“宣布”。那天的课堂实验的目的是展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
（6）考查副词。句意：不知怎么的，老师给Wilson加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway“无论如何，不管怎样”；B. Moreover“而且”；C. Somehow“不知怎么地”；D. Thus“因此”。故选C。
（7）考查副词。A. mistakenly“错误地”；B. casually“随意地”；C. amazingly“令人惊奇地”；D. clumsily“笨拙地”。老师误在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
（8）考查动词。句意：当Wilson把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致Wilson失明。A. erupted“爆发，喷出”；B. exploded“爆炸”；C. emptied“腾空，掏空”；D. exposed“揭露，使暴露”。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸导致Wilson失明。故选B。
（9）考查动词。句意：两个月后，当Wilson出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved“值得，应得，应受”；B. attempted“试图，尝试”；C. cared“关心，在乎”； D. agreed“同意”。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to“提交，服从……”；B. catered for“迎合”；C. impressed on“给……留下印象”；D. happened to“发生”。这场事故发生在了Wilson一家人的生活中。故选D。
（11）考查形容词。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic“极好的”；B. extraordinary“不同寻常的”；C. impressive“给人深刻印象的”；D. catastrophic“灾难性的，毁灭性的”。根据上文“his parents 9 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 10 their lives.”失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，Wilson并没有将这场事故看作是灾难性的。故选D。
（12）考查形容词。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished“才华高的，有成就的”；B. crucial“至关重要的，关键性的”；C. specific“特定的，具体的”；D. innocent“无辜的，天真的”。根据上文Wilson很快学会了盲文，并在Worcester College盲人学院继续接受教育；以及本句中的not only…but also…可推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。故选A。
（13）考查名词。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness“聋”；B. depression“沮丧”；C. blindness“瞎”；D. speechlessness“哑口无言”。根据下文的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 16 Wilson made to preventing the 17 ”可知，很多人因为Wilson的努力而复明。可推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。故选C。
（14）考查动词。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide“决定”；B. abandon“抛弃”；C. control“控制”；D. accept“接受”。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 11 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 12 public speaker”可知，Wilson失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，可推知，他接受了自己失明的事实。故选D。
（15）考查状语从句。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until“直到”；B. when“在……情况下，当……时候”；C. unless“除非”；D. before“在……之前”。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。故选B。
（16）考查名词。句意：因为Wilson努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition“反对”；B. adjustments“调整，调节”；C. commitment“奉献，投入”；D. limitations“限制”。根据上文中的“This moved him to action”可知，Wilson行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的奉献，很多人恢复了视力。故选C。
（17）考查形容词。A. preventable“可预防的，可阻止的”；B. potential“潜在的，有潜力的”；C. spreadable“(黄油等)容易被涂开的”；D. influential“有影响力的”。此处表示Wilson努力地去预防可以预防的情况。故选A。
（18）考查名词。句意：Wilson因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships“奖学金”；B. rewards“奖励，回报”；C. awards“奖，奖品”；D. bonuses“红利，津贴”。因为他的巨大贡献，Wilson获得了几个国际大奖。故选C。
（19）考查名词。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune“运气，财富”；B. recipe“食谱，秘诀”；C. dream“梦，梦想”；D. vision“视野”。根据上文可知，虽然Wilson失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的视野开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
（20）考查动词。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes“区分，辨别”；B. determines“决定”；C. claims“宣称”；D. limits“限制”。结合上文中的“Success 1 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 2 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情决定我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
五、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
27．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
Some important dates in China's fighting Covid-19 before May
7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020 Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions. Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and
wuhan. Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group
arrived in Wuhan. Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020 Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units
started to lower their public health emergency response level. Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press
conference in Beijing. Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak
had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020 Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on
inbound arrivals at all points of entry. Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions. Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from
hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020 Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to
Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting
Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
（1）What happened between January 20 and February 20
A．The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B．The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C．The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D．Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
（2）From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan
A．January 23. B．March 11. C．April 8. D．May 7.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了2020年5月7日前，中国抗击新冠肺炎的重要日期。
（1）考查细节理解。根据表格中Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020部分中的“ Jan27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.”可知，在一月二十号到二月二十号之间，中央领导小组抵达武汉。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分中的“Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions”4月8日:武汉取消出境交通限制)可推知，从四月八日起，私家车被允许离开武汉。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
28．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
Sometimes it's hard to let go. For many British
people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country's
past-age-old castles, splendid homes… and red phone boxes.
Beaten first by the march of technology and
lately by the terrible weather in junkyards (废品场), the phone boxes
representative of an age are now making something of a comeback. Adapted in
imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets and village greens
housing tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).
The original iron boxes with the round roofs
first appeared in 1926. They were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, the
architect of the Battersea Power Station in London. After becoming an important
part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s,
with the rise of the mobile phone sending most of them away to the junkyards.
About that time, Tony Inglis' engineering and
transport company got the job to remove phone boxes from the streets and sell
them out. But Inglis ended up buying hundreds of them himself, with the idea of
repairing and selling them. He said that he had heard the calls to preserve the
boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
As Inglis and, later other
businessmen, got to work, repurposed phone boxes began reappearing in cities
and villages as people found new uses for them. Today, they are once again a
familiar sight, playing roles that are often just as important for the community
as their original purpose.
In rural areas, where ambulances can take a
relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving
role. Local organizations can adopt them for l pound, and install
defibrillators to help in emergencies.
Others also looked at the phone boxes and saw
business opportunities. LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones
rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in
2016.
The tiny shops made economic sense, according to
Robert Kerr, a founder of LoveFone. He said that one of the boxes generated
around $13,500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400 to rent.
Inglis said phone boxes called to mind an age
when things were built to last. I "like what they are to people, and I
enjoy bringing things back," he said.
（1）The phone boxes are making a comeback ______.
A．to form a beautiful sight of the city
B．to improve telecommunications services
C．to remind people of a historical period
D．to meet the requirement of green economy
（2）Why did the phone boxes begin to go out of service in the 1980s
A．They were not well-designed. B．They provided bad services.
C．They had too short a history. D．They lost to new technologies.
（3）The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because of ______.
A．their new appearance and lower prices
B．the push of the local organizations
C．their changed roles and functions
D．the big funding of the businessmen
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在英国，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用。后来，一些商人使电话亭的角色和功能发生了变化，电话亭又变得流行起来。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sometimes it's hard to let go. For many British people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country's past-age-old castles, splendid homes.. and red phone boxes.”有时候真的很难放手。对许多英国人来说，这可以适用于代表他们国家过去历史的机构和物品--古老的城堡、辉煌的住宅……还有红色的电话亭；以及最后一段中的“Inglis said phone boxes called to mind an age when things were built to last.”Inglis 说，电话亭让人想起了一个东西经久耐用的时代，可知，电话亭正在卷土重来，以提醒人们一个历史时期。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“After becoming an important part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s, with the rise of the mobile phone sending most of them away to the junkyards.”在成为英国许多街道的重要组成部分后，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始消失，随着移动电话的兴起，大部分电话亭被扔到了垃圾场，可知，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用是因为它们输给了新技术。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段“As Inglis and, later other businessmen, got to work, repurposed phone boxes began reappearing in cities and villages as people found new uses for them. Today, they are once again a familiar sight, playing roles that are often just as important for the community as their original purpose.”随着Inglis和后来的其他商人开始工作，改装后的电话亭开始在城市和乡村重新出现，人们发现了它们的新用途。今天，它们再次成为人们熟悉的景象，扮演着与它们最初的目的同样重要的角色；第六段中的“In rural areas, where ambulances can take a relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role.”在农村地区，救护车要花相当长的时间才能到达，电话亭就起到了拯救生命的作用；以及第七段中的“Others also looked at the phone boxes and saw business opportunities.”其他人也在电话亭寻找商机)可推断出，电话亭之所以变得流行，主要是因为它们的角色和功能发生了变化。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
（2020·江苏）阅读理解
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
29．The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A．digest the meal easily B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat D．eat whatever is offered
30．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C．They could walk at an average speed.
D．They had slow metabolic rates.
31．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They consumed a bit more calories.
C．They burned more fat on average.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
32．What could be learned from the research
A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
【答案】29．B
30．A
31．B
32．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.”他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。
31．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.”结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
32．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.”这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。
33．（2020·江苏）阅读理解
I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.
We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, "In your home, do you have a moon too " I was surprised.
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan's world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan's world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.
Yet, as I thought about Juan's question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though How ignorant (无知的) are we The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.
In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
（1）How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon
A．Out of place. B．Full of joy. C．Sleepy. D．Regretful.
（2）What made that Amazonian evening wonderful
A．He learned more about the local language.
B．They had a nice conversation with each other.
C．They understood each other while playing.
D．He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.
（3）Why was the author surprised at Juan's question about the moon
A．The question was too straightforward.
B．Juan knew so little about the world.
C．The author didn't know how to answer.
D．The author didn't think Juan was sincere.
（4）What was the author's initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles
A．To sort out what we have known.
B．To deepen his research into Amazonians.
C．To improve his reputation as a biologist.
D．To learn more about local cultures.
（5）How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries
A．They shifted their viewpoints frequently.
B．They followed other scientists closely.
C．They often criticized their fellow scientists.
D．They conducted in-depth and close studies.
（6）What could be the most suitable title for the passage
A．The Possible and the Impossible. B．The Known and the Unknown.
C．The Civilized and the Uncivilized. D．The Ignorant and the Intelligent.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和妻子来到了亚马逊，妻子是一名医学研究者。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在生物多样性发现的过程中，作者意识到，很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs and more often than not, didn't entirely recognize the food. We couldn't have felt more foreign.”我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当地的风俗习惯，而且往往我们不能完全认识食物，我们感觉非常陌生。可知，作者一到达亚马逊感觉格格不入。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly.”每个人都知道规则，在传球和射门方面，我们说着同样的语言，彼此非常了解。可知，踢球时他们的彼此理解使得他们的亚马逊夜晚很美好。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段“In Juan's world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous.”在 Juan的世界里，未知的东西和未被发现的东西是浩瀚而神奇的。可判断， Juan对这个世界知之甚少。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. ”我开始收集报纸上关于新物种、新蜘蛛的文章……它们源源不断地出现，我的抽屉很快就填满了。我开始用第二个抽屉来储存更普遍的发现:在新的洞穴系统发现了几十个无名的物种……我还为这些重大发现准备了第三个抽屉。可判断，作者收集报纸文章的初始目的是为了分类我们所知道的事情。故选A。
（5）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“but they pay more attention to them ,and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion ,and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers.”但他们更多地关注这些发现，他们把注意力集中在这些发现上直到精疲力竭的地步，冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。可知，杰出的科学家进行深入细致的研究，做出重大的发现。故选D。
（6）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，作者和妻子来到了亚马逊。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解到一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在对这里的风土人情和多样化生物的研究过程中，作者提高了认识，意识到很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。所以短文的最佳标题为“已知和未知的事物”。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
六、任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
34．（2020·江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只填一个单词。
Humor
If you see humor as an optional form of
entertainment, you're missing some of its biggest benefits: Humor makes
average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining.
Studies show that a good sense of humor even makes you seem smarter.
Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that
can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal
life. The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and
that will raise your overall energy even more.
Humor also transports your mind away from your
daily troubles. Humor lets you better understand life and sometimes helps you
laugh at even the worst of your problems.
In my experience, most people think they have a
sense of humor, and to some degree that's true. But not all senses of humor are
created equal. So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for
everyday life.
You don't have to be the joke teller in the
group in order to show your sense of humor. You can be the one who directs the
conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. Every party
needs a straight person. You'll appear fun and funny by association.
When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts
a lot. When people see you trying to be funny, it frees them to try it
themselves. So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be
freeing the long kept humor in others. People need permission to be funny in
social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor. For
in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think. Your attitude
and effort count a lot.
Some people--and I was one of them--believe that
humorous complaints about the little problems of life make humor, and sometimes
that is the case. The problem comes when you start doing too much
complaint-based humor. One funny observation about problem in your life can be
funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are.
Funny complaints can wear people out.
Self-deprecating(自嘲式) humor is usually the
safest type, but here again you don't want to overshoot the target. One
self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor. You
have to be at least a bit self-assured to laugh at yourself in front of others.
But if you do it too often, you can transform in the eyes of others from a
confident joker to a Chihuahua dog.
Humor
Benefits of humor ●Humor
is form of 　 　. Humor
can improve one's　 　 and
personality. ●Humor
can make one 　 　 in his
work, study, and life. ●Humor
has a positive　 　 effect
when we are in difficulties.
　 　to
follow ●　 　 others
for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke yourself when showing
your sense of humor. ●Quality
counts 　 　 than
attitude and effort-even stupid joke can 　 　 others of risk and embarrassment.
Traps to 　 　 ●One
humorous complaint makes funny person. But too many complaints will 　 　 your audience. ●Self-deprecating
comments show one's assurance. But too much deprecation will make a Chihuahua
dog.
【答案】entertainment；appearance/look；energetic；psychological；Tips/Suggestions/Advice；Preparing；less；relieve/free；avoid/skip；bore/tire/exhaust
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了幽默的好处，讲遵循的技巧以及所要避开的陷阱。
（1）考查原词再现。根据第一段中的“If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you're missing some of its biggest benefits” 如果你把幽默看作是一种可选的娱乐形式，你就错过了它的一些最大的好处。可知，幽默是一种娱乐形式。故填entertainment。
（2）考查语意转化。根据第一段中的“Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. ”幽默能让相貌平平的人看起来可爱，让不感兴趣的人看起来很有趣。可知，幽默可以改善一个人的外表和个性。故填appearance/look。
（3）考查词性转换。根据第二段中的“Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. ”最重要的是，幽默能提升你的精力，这会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。可知，幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中充满活力。句中名词energy转换成形容词，故填energetic。
（4）考查语意转化。根据第三段中的“Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles.”幽默还能使你的思维从日常烦恼中解脱出来。可知，幽默让你理解生活，有时帮助你在最困难时能够大笑。可以推断出当我们遇到困难时，幽默会对我们的心理产生影响。故填psychological。
（5）考查原词再现。根据第四段中的“So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for everyday life.”所以我觉得在日常生活中加入一些幽默技巧会很有用。可知，这里为幽默所要遵循的建议或技巧。故填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。
（6）考查语意转化。根据第五段中的“You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. ”你可以把谈话引向有趣的话题，而这些话题已经为其他人增添了幽默感。可知，这里指为他人准备一场有趣的对话。所填词中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Preparing。
（7）考查语意转化。根据第六段中的“When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot.”说到个人幽默，努力是很重要的；以及”For in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think. Your attitude and effort count a lot.” 对于面对面的幽默，质量并不像你想象的那么重要。你的态度和努力很重要。可知，质量没有态度和努力重要。故填less。
（8）考查原词再现。根据第六段中的“So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the long kept humor in others. ”所以，即使你自己的幽默努力失败了，你也可能释放了别人长期保持的幽默。可知，即使是一个愚蠢的笑话也能让别人免于风险和尴尬。relieve/free…of…固定短语，“免于……”。故填relieve/free。
（9）考查归纳总结。根据表格此栏后面的内容可知，这里是讲幽默所需要避开的陷阱。故填avoid/skip。
（10）考查语意转化。根据倒数第二段中的”One funny observation about a problem in your life can be funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are. Funny complaints can wear people out. ”对生活中某个问题的一个有趣的观察可能很有趣，但五个就是只有抱怨了，不管你认为自己有多聪明。有趣的抱怨会让人筋疲力尽。可知，太多的抱怨只会让人厌烦或筋疲力尽。故填bore/tire/exhaust。
【点评】本题考点涉及原词再现，语意转化，词性转换和归纳总结四个题型的考查，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，同时结合相关的词汇知识和语法知识，写出正确的答案。
七、书面表达(满分25分)
35．（2020·江苏）请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(documentary)的对话，并按照要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的文章。
Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did you see the BBC documentary on CCTV 9
last week Li Jiang: You mean Du Fu:
China's Greatest Poet Yes, I did. Fantastic! Su Hua: Just think an English actor recites Chinese poems. Li Jiang: I don't really understand every line he recites, but I
believe he truly loves the poems himself. Su Hua: Right. It is reported that the film is well received
outside China. Li Jiang: Yeah, It's my first time to hear Chinese stories told
by an English speaker. Su Hua: In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful
both at home and abroad. These films can help foreign friends better
understand this land-Chinese literature, geography history, food... Li Jiang: I couldn't agree more.
【写作内容】
1）用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容；
2）谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。
【写作要求】
1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3）不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
【答案】 CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. This well-made film provides foreign audiences with a fresh way of better knowing China's past and present.
Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners. For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. These documentaries present a splendid picture of China in front of their audiences-it history, landscape, art, food, or even traditional Chinese medicine.
Because of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China. In this way, they can form a true picture of China themselves.
【知识点】文字式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本书面表达属于读写任务写作，话题涉及中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎。考生先要概括文章概要，然后分析中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因。动笔前，首先要认真阅读对话，并理解其内容。其次，认真看清题目要求，在稿子上列出提纲。最后，根据要求写出文章。这篇书面表达写作内容：1.用约30个单词概括上述信息的主要内容；2.用约120个单词发表你的观点，至少用2个理由或论据支撑你的观点。写作的时候，要按照要点去表达，不能有遗漏，要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型，使自己的文章更有文采。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. 运用了同位语； Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners.运用了过去分词作定语； For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.运用了结果状语从句和宾语从句；It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. 运用了限制性定语从句。
1 / 1