2020年高考英语真题试卷（7月选考）（浙江卷）
一、(共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分)
1．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
I am an active playgoer and
play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of
sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched
through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and
purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or
central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across
through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression
growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme
of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the
pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the
effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented
here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional
drama. To show the versatility(多面性) of the short play, I have
included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the
plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson,
Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received
Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about
the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of
reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in
the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about
to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
（1）What do we know about the author from the first paragraph
A．He has written dozens of plays.
B．He has a deep love for the theater.
C．He is a professional stage actor.
D．He likes reading short plays to others.
（2）What does the author avoid doing in his work
A．Stating the plays' central ideas.
B．Selecting works by famous playwrights.
C．Including various types of plays.
D．Offering information on the playwrights.
（3）What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays
A．Control their feelings. B．Apply their acting skills.
C．Use their imagination. D．Keep their audience in mind.
（4）What is this text
A．A short story. B．An introduction to a book.
C．A play review. D．An advertisement for a theater.
2．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard
in Bellevue, Washington, generally don't flash the same length of green twice
in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal
cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push
it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like
the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle,
uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.
These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in
both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
"Adaptive signals can make sure that
the traffic demand that is there is being addressed," says Alex
Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.
For all of Bellevue's success, adaptive
signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research
engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that
while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are
so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will
make a meaningful difference. "It's not going to fix everything, but
adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities," he says.
In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in
the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an
automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch,
the Bellevue Transportation Department's traffic engineering manager. Now he
hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead
of just making them bigger.
（1）What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Increased length of green lights. B．Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C．Flexible timing of traffic signals. D．Smooth traffic flow on the road.
（2）What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals
A．They work better on broad roads.
B．They should be used in other cities.
C．They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.
D．They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.
（3）What can we learn from Bellevue's success
A．It is rewarding to try new things.
B．The old methods still work today.
C．I pays to put theory into practice.
D．The simplest way is the best way.
3．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
Challenging work that requires lots of
analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain
stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig
in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and
assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.
Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the
lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the
tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower
rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true
even after the scientists accounted for the participants' overall health
status.
"This works just like physical
exercise," says Francisca Then, who led the study. "After a long run,
you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit.
After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain
stay healthy. "
It's not just corporate jobs, or even paid
work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter's job, for
example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just
as stimulating as any high-level office work. And "running a family
household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), " she says. "You have to organize the activities of
the children and take care of the bills and groceries."
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow
older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic
factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind
busy can only help.
（1）Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests
A．To assess their health status. B．To evaluate their work habits.
C．To analyze their personality. D．To measure their mental ability.
（2）How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4
A．By using an expert's words. B．By making a comparison.
C．By referring to another study. D．By introducing a concept.
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B．Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C．Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D．Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
4．（2020·浙江）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I experienced years of loneliness as a
child. His friends teased him about babysitting his
sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my
age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be
reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every
evening. I started reading books on my own before age 5
and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several
books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer
pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me.
My mother also encouraged me to make what I
wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings
from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw
my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. I learned a lot about how to extend the life
of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make
things with me.
My parents made it a point
for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My
brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do
myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so
much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories
aloud.
C. I was invited to play with
another kid.
D. I loved the colorful
photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed
early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong
interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn't
be bothered to play with me.
三、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
5．（2020·浙江）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54
years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in
the passenger scat.
One morning I （1） a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become
separated from its （2） , so I jumped out of the tractor to （3） it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother （4） , I turned back to the
tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so （5） because I had put the handbrake on when I
jumped out. （6） Don had somehow made the （7） move.
My heart froze in my chest as I （8） the tractor heading towards the （9） .I ran desperately but failed to （10） . It crashed through a
wooden fence and disappeared. The （11） thing I saw was Don's face,
looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I （12） the fence and looked over. The tractor was （13） against the crash barrier
in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the （14） road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn't see
Don, but as I （15） the tractor he jumped out
onto the road, apparently （16） , and dashed back to me.
The police （17） and the motorway ran normally again. I
couldn't quite believe my （18） it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have
been （19） .Don was given a special （20） that night—I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.
（1）A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned
（2）A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother
（3）A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into
（4）A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined
（5）A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult
（6）A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
（7）A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence
（8）A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove
（9）A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill
（10）A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out
（11）A．real B．best C．basic D．last
（12）A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed
（13）A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning
（14）A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy
（15）A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired
（16）A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy
（17）A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited
（18）A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea
（19）A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful
（20）A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
6．（2020·浙江）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real
attempt to control the world they lived , through agriculture. Over
thousands of years, they began to depend less
on could be hunted or
gathered from the wild, and more on animals they
had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person hunting and gathering, so people were able to
raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food (need). Agriculture gave
people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives.
By about 6000 BC, people (discover) the best crops
to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with
the (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a
long time. Then, with rise of science, changes began. New methods (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In
the last century or so, these changes have
accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the
Stone Age.
五、(共两节，满分40分)
7．（2020·浙江）应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
8．（2020·浙江）读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal to photograph
polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital
of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is
amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be
photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar
bear, I like it to be through a camera
with a telephoto lens. But sometimes, that is easier said than
done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and
bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled
at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises
like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying
to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told
me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30 minutes
before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇), I took some pictures of the
bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last
through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I
use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes, but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly
and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫), the bear ran to the
lake to wash his eyes.
注意：1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“…and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容；再根据最后一段中的“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国华盛顿州的Bellevue采用了能随交通状况而调节交通灯时间的适应性信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力，也表明人们对于交通阻塞问题不再只是拓宽道路，而是能够采用新方法。
（1）考查代词指代。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段中的“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.”就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化，可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“...，adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways”但自适应信号并不是解决拥堵道路的万能药；以及“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference”其他城市交通堵塞如此严重，只有减少道路上的车辆才能起有意义的作用。可推知，Kevin Balke认为适应性信号灯对于交通堵塞很严重的城市没有太大帮助。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.”这些灯，被称为适应性信号灯，已经大大减少了通勤的麻烦和花费；以及最后一段中的“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.”在Bellevue，对适应性信号灯的转变是一个在欢迎新方法的价值方面的榜样，可推知，从Bellevue的成功中可以得出，尝试新事物是值得的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及代词指代和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示，需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.”来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人，并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。可知，科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This works just like physical exercise,“ 这就像体育锻炼一样有效；以及“After a long run, you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”长跑后人就会感到痛苦和疲惫，但它确实能强身健体。工作一天下来会感到劳累，但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态”可知，Francisca Then是通过与“身体锻炼”作比较来解释他的发现的。故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age”需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。是本文的主题句，再结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．【答案】G；D；A；F；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己养成几个生活习惯的原因。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”他的朋友嘲笑他照顾妹妹,他的兴趣和我完全不同，可知G. My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ”我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候，可知，D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”承接上文，故选D。（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Reading opened new worlds to me. ”“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A. I wasn't alone any longer.“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系，符合语境，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.”当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意，可知，F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。故选F。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. ”无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外，可知，E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”符合语境，故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
5．【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）C；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）B；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者开车带着狗去田地，路上发现了一只和妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！（1）考查动词。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped“下降”；B. spotted“发现”；C. carried“搬”； D. returned“返回”。根据下文，小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
（2）考查名词。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids“小孩”；B. friends“朋友”；C. owner“主人”；D. mother“妈妈”。根据下文“Lamb and mother”，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about“询问”；B. play with“同……一起玩”；C. tend to“照看”；D. run into“撞上”。根据上文，小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed“使自由，释放”；B. switched“转变”；C. reunited“重聚”；D. examined“检查”。根据下文，我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected“出乎意料的”；B. dangerous“危险的”；C. embarrassing“使人尴尬的”；D. difficult“困难的”。根据上文，我看见拖拉机突然离开了我；以及下文，我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
（6）考查副词。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately“幸运地”；B. Generally“通常”；C. Immediately“立即”；D. Obviously“显然”。根据“while Don stayed in his seat”我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
（7）考查名词。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb“小羊”；B. vehicle“车辆”；C. seat“座位”；D. fence“栅栏”。根据“I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.”可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
（8）考查动词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw“看到”；B. stopped“停止”；C. remembered“记得”；D. drove“驾驶”。根据下文，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd“人群”；B. motorway“高速公路”；C. field“旷野”；D. hill“小山”。根据“near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.”可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off“起飞”； B. catch up“追上，赶上”；C. hold back“阻止”；D. get out“出去”。根据“I ran desperately”以及下文“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
（11）考查形容词。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real“真正的”；B. best“最好的”；C. basic“基本的”；D. last“最后的”。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
（12）考查动词。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed“固定”；B. noticed“注意”；C. reached“抵达”；D. closed“关”。故选C。
（13）考查动词。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting “倚靠”；B. running“跑”； C. parking“停车”；D. turning“转动”。根据“the crash barrier in the central reservation”可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
（14）考查形容词。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep“陡峭的”；B. long“长的”；C. rough“粗糙的”；D. busy“繁忙的”。此处表示这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
（15）考查动词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned“抛弃”； B. approached“接近”;C. recognized“意识到”；D. repaired“修理”。根据下文，我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
（16）考查形容词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean“不洁的”；B. uncertain“不确定的”；C. unhurt“没有受伤的”；D. unhappy“不快乐的”。根据下文“no one got badly hurt”可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
（17）考查动词。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived“到达”；B. replied“回答”；C. survived“幸存”；D. waited“等待”。根据下文，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
（18）考查名词。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability“能力”；B. dream“梦想”；C. luck“运气”；D. idea“想法”。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
（19）考查形容词。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common“普通的”；B. confusing“令人困惑的”；C. desirable“令人向往的”；D. awful“可怕的”。根据上文，作者的极度担忧，以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
（20）考查名词。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal“餐”；B. test“测验”；C. job“工作”；D. lesson“教训”。根据下文“I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.”可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．【答案】in；what；than；was needed；to change；had discovered；seasons；making；the；meant.
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了农业的发展历史。
（1）考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。they lived _____是限制性定语从句，先行词是the world，定语从句的关系词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world.，故填in。
（2）考查宾语从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。 could be hunted or gathered from the wild是宾语从句，缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。结合句意，填what。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。more… than，固定短语，“比……更”故填than。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。more food和need之间是被动关系，同时描述的是过去的时间，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to change。
（6）考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。by + 过去时间 ，“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered。
（7）考查名词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。season“季节”可数名词，应用复，故填seasons。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。make use of和逻辑主语they之间是主谓关系。所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填making。
（9）考查冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 固定短语，“随着......的崛起”，故填the。
（10）考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以填meant。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，宾语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词，名词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
7．【答案】Dear Peter,
I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. How are you feeling now
I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause. If only you had been there.
We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给他你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter一封电子邮件。写作背景：Peter因病回国休假。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. 运用了不定式作原因状语和宾语从句； I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. yunyo9ngle宾语从句；Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. 运用了被动语态，并列句和限制性定语从句；As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.运用了时间状语从句；If only you had been there.运用了虚拟语气。
8．【答案】略
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者和妻子给自己定了个目标是要去给北极熊拍照，但这是一件非常危险的事。他们安营扎寨在北极熊所在地附近，突然在做晚饭的时候一只北极熊闻到了食物的香味过来袭击他们的营地，他们尝试了各种方法但它十分顽固，营救直升机要在半小时之后才能抵达，作者尝试用胡椒水喷它的眼睛，它吼叫着去湖边洗眼睛了……学生接着续写故事可以任意发挥想象。例如北极熊洗干净了眼睛之后重返他们的营地继续攻击他们，他们找方法自救；再例如北极熊洗干净了眼睛之后没有立刻返回攻击他们而是去寻找自己的同伴一起过来抢食物；再比如可以描述他们是如何自救的，又是如何在自救的同时拍摄到了珍贵的照片等等。要注意续写部分分为两段，因此两段内容不能过于单调，要有一些情节和波折，可以多用到一些中高难度词汇作为亮点。 续写要求至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语，所以，考生应熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候使用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，充分发挥想象力。使故事的发展合情合理。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
1 / 12020年高考英语真题试卷（7月选考）（浙江卷）
一、(共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分)
1．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
I am an active playgoer and
play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of
sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched
through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and
purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or
central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across
through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression
growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme
of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the
pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the
effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented
here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional
drama. To show the versatility(多面性) of the short play, I have
included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the
plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson,
Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received
Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about
the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of
reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in
the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about
to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
（1）What do we know about the author from the first paragraph
A．He has written dozens of plays.
B．He has a deep love for the theater.
C．He is a professional stage actor.
D．He likes reading short plays to others.
（2）What does the author avoid doing in his work
A．Stating the plays' central ideas.
B．Selecting works by famous playwrights.
C．Including various types of plays.
D．Offering information on the playwrights.
（3）What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays
A．Control their feelings. B．Apply their acting skills.
C．Use their imagination. D．Keep their audience in mind.
（4）What is this text
A．A short story. B．An introduction to a book.
C．A play review. D．An advertisement for a theater.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“…and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容；再根据最后一段中的“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard
in Bellevue, Washington, generally don't flash the same length of green twice
in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal
cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push
it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like
the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle,
uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.
These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in
both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
"Adaptive signals can make sure that
the traffic demand that is there is being addressed," says Alex
Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.
For all of Bellevue's success, adaptive
signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research
engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that
while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are
so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will
make a meaningful difference. "It's not going to fix everything, but
adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities," he says.
In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in
the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an
automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch,
the Bellevue Transportation Department's traffic engineering manager. Now he
hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead
of just making them bigger.
（1）What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Increased length of green lights. B．Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C．Flexible timing of traffic signals. D．Smooth traffic flow on the road.
（2）What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals
A．They work better on broad roads.
B．They should be used in other cities.
C．They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.
D．They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.
（3）What can we learn from Bellevue's success
A．It is rewarding to try new things.
B．The old methods still work today.
C．I pays to put theory into practice.
D．The simplest way is the best way.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国华盛顿州的Bellevue采用了能随交通状况而调节交通灯时间的适应性信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力，也表明人们对于交通阻塞问题不再只是拓宽道路，而是能够采用新方法。
（1）考查代词指代。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段中的“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.”就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化，可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“...，adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways”但自适应信号并不是解决拥堵道路的万能药；以及“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference”其他城市交通堵塞如此严重，只有减少道路上的车辆才能起有意义的作用。可推知，Kevin Balke认为适应性信号灯对于交通堵塞很严重的城市没有太大帮助。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.”这些灯，被称为适应性信号灯，已经大大减少了通勤的麻烦和花费；以及最后一段中的“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.”在Bellevue，对适应性信号灯的转变是一个在欢迎新方法的价值方面的榜样，可推知，从Bellevue的成功中可以得出，尝试新事物是值得的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及代词指代和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．（2020·浙江）阅读理解
Challenging work that requires lots of
analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain
stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig
in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and
assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.
Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the
lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the
tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower
rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true
even after the scientists accounted for the participants' overall health
status.
"This works just like physical
exercise," says Francisca Then, who led the study. "After a long run,
you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit.
After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain
stay healthy. "
It's not just corporate jobs, or even paid
work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter's job, for
example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just
as stimulating as any high-level office work. And "running a family
household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), " she says. "You have to organize the activities of
the children and take care of the bills and groceries."
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow
older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic
factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind
busy can only help.
（1）Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests
A．To assess their health status. B．To evaluate their work habits.
C．To analyze their personality. D．To measure their mental ability.
（2）How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4
A．By using an expert's words. B．By making a comparison.
C．By referring to another study. D．By introducing a concept.
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B．Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C．Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D．Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示，需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.”来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人，并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。可知，科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This works just like physical exercise,“ 这就像体育锻炼一样有效；以及“After a long run, you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”长跑后人就会感到痛苦和疲惫，但它确实能强身健体。工作一天下来会感到劳累，但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态”可知，Francisca Then是通过与“身体锻炼”作比较来解释他的发现的。故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age”需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。是本文的主题句，再结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
4．（2020·浙江）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I experienced years of loneliness as a
child. His friends teased him about babysitting his
sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my
age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be
reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every
evening. I started reading books on my own before age 5
and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several
books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer
pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me.
My mother also encouraged me to make what I
wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings
from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw
my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. I learned a lot about how to extend the life
of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make
things with me.
My parents made it a point
for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My
brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do
myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so
much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories
aloud.
C. I was invited to play with
another kid.
D. I loved the colorful
photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed
early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong
interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn't
be bothered to play with me.
【答案】G；D；A；F；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己养成几个生活习惯的原因。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”他的朋友嘲笑他照顾妹妹,他的兴趣和我完全不同，可知G. My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ”我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候，可知，D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”承接上文，故选D。（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Reading opened new worlds to me. ”“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A. I wasn't alone any longer.“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系，符合语境，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.”当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意，可知，F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。故选F。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. ”无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外，可知，E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”符合语境，故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
5．（2020·浙江）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54
years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in
the passenger scat.
One morning I （1） a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become
separated from its （2） , so I jumped out of the tractor to （3） it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother （4） , I turned back to the
tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so （5） because I had put the handbrake on when I
jumped out. （6） Don had somehow made the （7） move.
My heart froze in my chest as I （8） the tractor heading towards the （9） .I ran desperately but failed to （10） . It crashed through a
wooden fence and disappeared. The （11） thing I saw was Don's face,
looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I （12） the fence and looked over. The tractor was （13） against the crash barrier
in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the （14） road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn't see
Don, but as I （15） the tractor he jumped out
onto the road, apparently （16） , and dashed back to me.
The police （17） and the motorway ran normally again. I
couldn't quite believe my （18） it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have
been （19） .Don was given a special （20） that night—I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.
（1）A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned
（2）A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother
（3）A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into
（4）A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined
（5）A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult
（6）A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
（7）A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence
（8）A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove
（9）A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill
（10）A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out
（11）A．real B．best C．basic D．last
（12）A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed
（13）A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning
（14）A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy
（15）A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired
（16）A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy
（17）A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited
（18）A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea
（19）A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful
（20）A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson
【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）C；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）B；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者开车带着狗去田地，路上发现了一只和妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！（1）考查动词。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped“下降”；B. spotted“发现”；C. carried“搬”； D. returned“返回”。根据下文，小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
（2）考查名词。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids“小孩”；B. friends“朋友”；C. owner“主人”；D. mother“妈妈”。根据下文“Lamb and mother”，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about“询问”；B. play with“同……一起玩”；C. tend to“照看”；D. run into“撞上”。根据上文，小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed“使自由，释放”；B. switched“转变”；C. reunited“重聚”；D. examined“检查”。根据下文，我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected“出乎意料的”；B. dangerous“危险的”；C. embarrassing“使人尴尬的”；D. difficult“困难的”。根据上文，我看见拖拉机突然离开了我；以及下文，我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
（6）考查副词。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately“幸运地”；B. Generally“通常”；C. Immediately“立即”；D. Obviously“显然”。根据“while Don stayed in his seat”我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
（7）考查名词。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb“小羊”；B. vehicle“车辆”；C. seat“座位”；D. fence“栅栏”。根据“I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.”可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
（8）考查动词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw“看到”；B. stopped“停止”；C. remembered“记得”；D. drove“驾驶”。根据下文，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd“人群”；B. motorway“高速公路”；C. field“旷野”；D. hill“小山”。根据“near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.”可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off“起飞”； B. catch up“追上，赶上”；C. hold back“阻止”；D. get out“出去”。根据“I ran desperately”以及下文“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
（11）考查形容词。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real“真正的”；B. best“最好的”；C. basic“基本的”；D. last“最后的”。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
（12）考查动词。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed“固定”；B. noticed“注意”；C. reached“抵达”；D. closed“关”。故选C。
（13）考查动词。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting “倚靠”；B. running“跑”； C. parking“停车”；D. turning“转动”。根据“the crash barrier in the central reservation”可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
（14）考查形容词。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep“陡峭的”；B. long“长的”；C. rough“粗糙的”；D. busy“繁忙的”。此处表示这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
（15）考查动词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned“抛弃”； B. approached“接近”;C. recognized“意识到”；D. repaired“修理”。根据下文，我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
（16）考查形容词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean“不洁的”；B. uncertain“不确定的”；C. unhurt“没有受伤的”；D. unhappy“不快乐的”。根据下文“no one got badly hurt”可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
（17）考查动词。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived“到达”；B. replied“回答”；C. survived“幸存”；D. waited“等待”。根据下文，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
（18）考查名词。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability“能力”；B. dream“梦想”；C. luck“运气”；D. idea“想法”。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
（19）考查形容词。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common“普通的”；B. confusing“令人困惑的”；C. desirable“令人向往的”；D. awful“可怕的”。根据上文，作者的极度担忧，以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
（20）考查名词。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal“餐”；B. test“测验”；C. job“工作”；D. lesson“教训”。根据下文“I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.”可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
6．（2020·浙江）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real
attempt to control the world they lived , through agriculture. Over
thousands of years, they began to depend less
on could be hunted or
gathered from the wild, and more on animals they
had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person hunting and gathering, so people were able to
raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food (need). Agriculture gave
people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives.
By about 6000 BC, people (discover) the best crops
to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with
the (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a
long time. Then, with rise of science, changes began. New methods (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In
the last century or so, these changes have
accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the
Stone Age.
【答案】in；what；than；was needed；to change；had discovered；seasons；making；the；meant.
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了农业的发展历史。
（1）考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。they lived _____是限制性定语从句，先行词是the world，定语从句的关系词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world.，故填in。
（2）考查宾语从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。 could be hunted or gathered from the wild是宾语从句，缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。结合句意，填what。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。more… than，固定短语，“比……更”故填than。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。more food和need之间是被动关系，同时描述的是过去的时间，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to change。
（6）考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。by + 过去时间 ，“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered。
（7）考查名词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。season“季节”可数名词，应用复，故填seasons。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。make use of和逻辑主语they之间是主谓关系。所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填making。
（9）考查冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 固定短语，“随着......的崛起”，故填the。
（10）考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以填meant。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，宾语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词，名词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、(共两节，满分40分)
7．（2020·浙江）应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. How are you feeling now
I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause. If only you had been there.
We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给他你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter一封电子邮件。写作背景：Peter因病回国休假。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. 运用了不定式作原因状语和宾语从句； I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. yunyo9ngle宾语从句；Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. 运用了被动语态，并列句和限制性定语从句；As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.运用了时间状语从句；If only you had been there.运用了虚拟语气。
8．（2020·浙江）读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal to photograph
polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital
of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is
amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be
photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar
bear, I like it to be through a camera
with a telephoto lens. But sometimes, that is easier said than
done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and
bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled
at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises
like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying
to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told
me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30 minutes
before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇), I took some pictures of the
bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last
through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I
use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes, but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly
and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫), the bear ran to the
lake to wash his eyes.
注意：1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
【答案】略
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者和妻子给自己定了个目标是要去给北极熊拍照，但这是一件非常危险的事。他们安营扎寨在北极熊所在地附近，突然在做晚饭的时候一只北极熊闻到了食物的香味过来袭击他们的营地，他们尝试了各种方法但它十分顽固，营救直升机要在半小时之后才能抵达，作者尝试用胡椒水喷它的眼睛，它吼叫着去湖边洗眼睛了……学生接着续写故事可以任意发挥想象。例如北极熊洗干净了眼睛之后重返他们的营地继续攻击他们，他们找方法自救；再例如北极熊洗干净了眼睛之后没有立刻返回攻击他们而是去寻找自己的同伴一起过来抢食物；再比如可以描述他们是如何自救的，又是如何在自救的同时拍摄到了珍贵的照片等等。要注意续写部分分为两段，因此两段内容不能过于单调，要有一些情节和波折，可以多用到一些中高难度词汇作为亮点。 续写要求至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语，所以，考生应熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候使用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，充分发挥想象力。使故事的发展合情合理。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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