Unit4
Grammar
练习
(
基础巩固
)
一、单项选择
A
(
)
1.
________
six
years
since
I
began
to
study
English.
A.
It
is
B.
I
have
been
C.
There
are
D.
It
was
(
)
2
.
________
in
the
room
at
that
time.
A.
Nobody
was
B.
Someone
were
C.
Who
is
D.
He
are
(
)
3
.
IT'S
very
noisy
outside.
________
is
going
on?
A.
Who
B.
What
C.
Which
D.
Where
(
)
4.
________
in
English
in
class
every
day
is
important.
A.
Speak
B.
Talking
C.
Saying
D.
To
tell
(
)
5
.
There
must
be_________
near
the
factory.
A.
a
book
store
B.
book
store
C.
books
store
D.
books
stores
(
)
6
.
Although
it's
raining
hard,
________
are
still
working
in
the
fields.
A.
but
they
B.
and
they
C.
they
D.
since
they
B
(
)
7.
The
doctor
as
well
as
the
nurses
________
great
concern
for
the
patients.
A.
show
B.
shows
C.
have
shown
D.
are
showing
(
)
8.
Your
son
must
be
a
clever
boy,
________
he?
A.
is
B.
isn't
C.
must
D.
mustn't
(
)
9.
The
computer
center,
________
last
year,
is
very
popular
among
students
in
this
school.
A.
open
B.
opening
C.
opened
D.
being
opened
(
)
10.
I
________
go
to
the
shop
today,
for
there
is
a
lot
of
food
at
home.
A.
mustn't
B.
had
to
C.
can't
D.
needn't
(
)
11.
Don't
________
excited.
A.
get
B.
is
C.
seem
D.
look
(
)
12.
This
room
________
every
morning.
A.
is
cleaning
B.
is
cleaned
C.
cleans
D.
cleaning
C
(
)
13.
Glad
to
meet
you!
________
is
your
full
name?
A.
What
B.
Where
C.
How
D.
Who
(
)
14.
He
is
________
to
lift
the
heavy
box.
A.
too
weak
B.
weak
too
C.
enough
weak
D.
weak
enough
(
)
15.
The
days
are
________
warmer
and
warmer
in
spring.
A.
getting
B.
looking
C.
seeming
D.
going
(
)
16
.His
job
is_________English.
A.
teach
B.
to
teach
C.
taught
D.
teaches
(
)
17.Two
balls
are________.
A.
under
the
desk
B.
in
the
wall
C.
to
here
D.
at
desks
D
(
)
18
.We
should
get
ready________
others.
A.
helping
B.
to
help
C.
help
D.
help
with
(
)
19.
________interesting
work
we
are
doing?
A.
What
a
B.
How
C.
What
D.
What
an
(
)
20.
I
want________
a
teacher
when
I
grow
up
(-fx;fc).
A.
to
be
B.
to
C.
be
D.
being
(
)
21.----Would
you
like
to
go
on
a
picnic
with
me
today?
----I
don't
think
so.
To
be
honest,
I
really
don't
feel
like________on
a
picnic.
A.
going
B.
to
go
C.
go
D.
went
(
)
22.
Do
you
know________?
A.
where
does
he
live
B.
where
he
lives
C.
where
he
live
D.
if
where
he
lives
(
)
23.
Let
_________
do
it
again.
A.
I
B.
me
C.
he
D.
she
(
)
24.
I
don't
know________.
A.
how
to
do
B.
what
to
do
C.
where
to
do
D.
when
to
do
E
(
)
25.
I
saw
him
________
basketball
with
Jack
an
hour
ago.
A.
plays
B.
to
play
C.
played
D.
play
o
(
)
26.
Sorry,
we've
kept
you________
for
a
long
time.
A.
waited
B.
sing
C.
stand
D.
waiting
(
)
27.The
teacher
told
us
_________
late
again.
A.
aren't
be
B.
don't
be
C.
not
to
be
D.
not
be
(
)
28.We
find
the
room
very________.
A.
warm
B.
warmly
C.
terribly
D.
hardly
F
(
)
29.I
found
________
difficult
to
work
together
with
him.
A.
it
B.
its
C.
that
D.
those
(
)
30.We
all
know
________
our
duty
to
clean
our
classroom
after
school
every
day.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
which
D.
it
(
)
31.
He
found
________
very
interesting
to
play
with
the
little
dog.
A.
what
B.
it
C.
/
D.
that
G
(
)
32.
Tom
said
he
________
a
good
dream
yesterday
evening.
A.
dream
B.
dreamed
C.
have
D.
has
(
)
33.
Children
________
a
happy
life
in
China.
A.
lead
B.
living
C.
has
D.
leading
H
(
)
34.
America,
Japan
and
Canada
are________countries.
A.
developing
B.
developed
C.
less
developed
D.
develop
(
)
35.
----________
skirt
is
that
on
the
chair?
----Let
me
see.
Oh,
no,
it's
not
mine.
A.
Whose
B.
What
C.
Who's
D.
Which
(
)
36.
Do
you
have
anything
________?
A.
saying
B.
to^ay
C.
said
D.
say
(
)
37.
Look,
there
is
an________tree
by
the
wall.
A.
apple
B.
apple's
C.
apples'
D.
apples
(
)
38.
Where
is_________seat?
A.
yours
B.
your
C.
you
D.
yourselves
I
(
)
39.
The
box
is
________
heavy
for
her
________
carry.
A.
very;
to
B.
too;
not
to
C.
too;
to
D.
very
too;
to
(
)
40.
----________
did
you
buy
the
new
bag?
----Last
Monday.
A.
Where
B.
How
C.
When
D.
Who
(
)
41.
You
can
see
these
signs
in
a
hospital.
________
can
you
see
them?
A.
Where
else
B.
Where
place
else
C.
Where
else
place
D.
Else
where
(
)
42.
They
went
out
________
their
old
friends.
A.
visit
B.
visiting
C.
to
visit
D.
visited
(
)
43.
There
is
a
wide
river_________
our
village.
A.
outside
B.
over
C.
from
D.
below
J
(
)
44.
The
young
man,
________
works
in
the
office.
A.
me
brother
B.
my
brother
C.
my
brothers
D.
me
(
)
45.
Our
English
teacher,
________
often
helps
us
with
study.
A.
Mrs
Wang
B.
Mrs5
Wang
C.
MrsWang's
D.
of
him
(
)
46.
________,
some
railway
workers
are
busy
repairing
the
train.
A.
Them
B.
He
C.
They
D.
Theirs
二、按照要求完成下列各题。
1.
Doing
eye
exercises
every
day
is
a
good
habit.
(请写出该句的主语)
______________________________
2.
The
braces
hurt
Simon's
teeth.
(请写出该句的谓语)
______________________________
3.
Please
pass
the
book
to
me.
(请写出该句的间接宾语)
______________________________
4.
On
hearing
the
news,
I
felt
embarrassed.
(请写出该句的补语)
______________________________
5.
I
bought
a
bunch
of
flowers
for
my
mother
on
Mother's
Day
.
(请写出该句的状语)
______________________________
(
能力提升
)
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分。
1.
The
students
got
on
the
school
bus.
2.
He
handed
me
the
newspaper.
3.
I
shall
answer
your
question
after
class.
4.
What
a
beautiful
Chinese
painting!
5.
They
went
hunting
together
early
in
the
morning.
6.
His
job
is
to
train
swimmers.
7.
He
took
many
photos
of
the
palaces
in
Beijing.
8.
There
is
going
to
be
an
American
film
tonight.
9.
He
is
to
leave
for
Shanghai
tomorrow.
10.
His
wish
is
to
become
a
scientist.
11.
He
managed
to
finish
the
work
in
time.
12.
Tom
came
to
ask
me
for
advice.
13.
He
found
it
important
to
master
English.
14.
I
couldn’t
understand
why
he
had
decided
to
retire
at
50.
15.
I
am
terribly
confused
by
all
this
information.
16.
We
had
already
reached
9000
feet
by
then.
17.
She
reminded
me
to
switch
off
all
the
lights.
18.
I’ll
be
able
to
pass
my
driving
test
after
I
have
had
a
few
lessons.
19.
I
love
swimming.
It
keeps
me
fit.
20.
It
is
obvious
that
money
doesn’t
grow
on
trees.
二、翻译。
1．新加坡（Singapore）一年有几个季节？
2．这些花儿多长时间浇一次？
3．对于你的看法我恐怕无法苟同．
I'm
afraid
I
4．熬夜对身体不好．
It
is
bad
for
health
to
late．
5．五月份有31天．
6．养成一个良好的阅读习惯对我们来说很重要．
7．污染如此严重，人人都应该出一份力来制止它．（
so…that
）
8．Tom上个月向我借了一本词典，但是到现在还没归还．
9．兰州以她美味的牛肉面而著名．
Lanzhou
is
its
delicious
beef
noodles．
10．当陌生人遇到麻烦时我们应该帮忙吗？
（
should
）
11．Mike
很喜欢中国．他来中国已经5年了．
12．我记得在七年级时见过你们所有的人．（
remember
doing
）
13．明天别忘了带上你的外套．
14．Mike，别忘了告诉我咱们在哪里碰面．
15．那就是李华头疼的原因．（why）
16．记住，每个人都可以做点对保护环境有益的事情．
17．这位老人非常激动，以致于不能清晰地讲话．
18．我表姐每周花两个小时的时间学京剧．（spend…in…）
19．如果我们想要在10点钟到达，我认为没有必要这么早出发．
20．新图书馆将会比旧的大多了．（than）
三、阅读表达。
1.
英汉互译。
In
North
America，
21．
大多数学生坐校车去上学．
The
subway
is
also
widely
used
in
some
cities．
In
small
towns
and
cities，
walking
is
still
popular．
The
yellow
school
bus
is
a
familiar
sight
all
over
North
America．
It
is
a
very
convenient
form
of
transportation
because
it
takes
students
right
to
the
entrance
to
the
school．
22．It
also
gives
students
a
chance
to
chat
with
their
friends
However，
the
bus
is
slow
and
does
not
always
pick
up
on
time．
The
subway
is
a
means
of
getting
around
quickly
in
many
cities．
However，
23．it
is
expensive
and
can
be
very
crowded
during
rush
hour．
Another
disadvantage
of
the
subway
is
that
the
stops
are
not
close
to
the
school．
24．学生们经常不得不走很长时间的路
or
take
a
bus
from
the
subway
stop
to
the
school．
Walking
has
a
number
of
advantages
for
those
who
live
close
to
school．
It's
free
and
it
provides
a
form
of
exercise．
25．However，
it's
not
interesting
if
you
have
a
heavy
schoolbag
full
of
books
to
carry．
It's
also
unpleasant
if
the
weather
is
either
too
hot
or
cold．
21．
22．
23．
24．
25．
2．英汉互译
Dear
Jenny，
（26）
I
am
very
busy
on
Friday．
At
8：00I
have
math．It
is
not
fun．（27）
The
teacher
says
it
is
useful，but
I
think
it
is
difficult．
Then
at
9：00I
have
science．It
is
difficult
but
interesting．At
10：00I
have
history．After
that，I
have
P．E．at
11：00．It
is
easy
and
fun．（28）
午餐是从12点到1点．
and
after
that
we
have
Chinese．It
is
my
favorite
subject．Our
Chinese
teacher，Mrs．Wang
is
great
fun．（29）
My
classes
finish
at
1：30．
But
after
that
I
have
an
art
lesson
for
two
hours．It
is
really
relaxing!
How
about
you？When
are
your
classes？（30）
你最喜欢的科目是什么？
Your
friend，
Yu
Mei
26．
27．
28．
29．
30．
．
参考答案
(
基础巩固
)
一、A
.
A
A
B
B
A
C
B.
B
B
C
D
A
B
C.
A
A
A
B
A
D.
B
C
A
A
B
B
B
E.
D
D
C
A
F.
A
D
B
G.
B
A
H.
B
A
B
A
B
I
.
C
C
A
C
A
J.
B
A
C
二、1.主语是
doing
eye
exercises
2.谓语是hurt
3.间接宾语是me
4.补语是
embarrassed
5.状语是
on
mother'sDay
(
能力提升
)
一、1.
主语
2.
宾语
3.谓语；状语
4.
定语
5.
谓语
6.
谓语
7.
宾语
8.
谓语
9.
谓语
10.
主语
11.
谓语：宾语
12.
状语
13.
宾语；宾语补足语
14.宾语
15.
状语
16.
谓语
17.
宾语
18.
宾语
19.
宾语补足语
20.
主语
二、1.
How
many
seasons
are
there
in
Singapore
in
a
year？
2.
How
often
are
the/these
flowers
watered？
3.
can't
agree
on
your
opinion（s）．
4.
stay
up
5.
There
are
31
days
in
May．
6.
It's
very
important
for
us
that
we
form
a
good
reading
habit．
7.
The
pollution
is
so
terrible
that
everybody
should
do
something
to
stop
it．
8.
Tom
borrowed
a
dictionary
from
me
last
month，
but
he
hasn't
returned
it（to
me）by
now．
9.
famous/
known
for．
10.
Should
we
help
strangers
when
they
get
into
trouble
/
when
they
are
in
trouble？
11.
Mike
likes
China
very
much．
He's
been
in
China
for
five
years．
12.
I
remember
meeting
all
of
you
in
Grade
7．
13.
Don't
forget
to
take
your
coat
tomorrow．
14.
Mike，
don't
forget
to
tell
me
where
we'll
meet．
15.
That's
（the
reason）
why
Li
Hua
gets
suffers
from
a
headache．
16.
Remember，
everyone
can
do
something
that
is
good
for
the
environment．
17.
The
old
man
was
so
excited
that
he
could
not
speak
clearly．
18.
My
cousin
spends
two
hours
in
learning
Beijing
Opera
every/each
week．
19.
I
don't
think
it
necessary
to
start/set
out/set
off
so
early
if
we
want
to
arrive
at
ten．
20.
The
new
library
will
be
much
bigger
than
the
old
one．
三、21． Mostofthestudentsgotoschoolbyschoolbus．
22． 乘校车也给了学生们与他们的朋友交流的一次机会．
23． 地铁在高峰期非常贵，并且非常拥挤．
24． Studentsoftenhavetowalkalongway．
25． 然而如果你需要背着一个装满书的很重的书包，那步行就不有趣了．
26． 星期五我很忙
27． 老师说它有用，但我认为它是难的
28． Lunch
is
from
12：00
to
1：00．
29． 我的课在1：50结束．
30． What's
your
favorite
subject？ ．
(
第
8
页
)unit
4
Grammar：
句子的成分
能掌握句子的主要成分、次要成分；
通过本课学习，能够清楚地划分出句子的各个成分，理解句子结构。
提高英语综合能力。
I
met
my
best
friends
at
the
station
yesterday.
(
状语
)
(
宾语
)
(
定语
)
(
谓语
)
(
主
语
)
I
saw
the
volunteers
range
books
just
now.
(
状语
)
(
宾补
)
(
宾语
)
(
谓语
)
(
主
语
)
【词汇的词性】
1?名词?Nouns?(n.)?表示人或事物的名称?box,
pen,
tree,
apple?
2?代词?Pronouns?(pron.)代替名词、数词、形容词等，主要有:
人称代词,
疑问代词,指示代词,不定代词。We,
what,
this,
someone,
it
3形容词?Adjectives(adj.)?用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征?good,
sad,
high
4?数词?Numerals(num.)表示数目或顺序?one,
two,
first?
5?动词?Verb?(v.)?表示动作或状态?Jump,
sing,
visit
vt.是及物动词??vt后必须跟宾语：sing?a?song??
vi.是不及物动词?vi后不直接带宾语或不带宾语:jump?high
6?副词?Adverbs（adv.)?修饰动、形、副等词,表示动作特征?there,
widely,
suddenly?
7?冠词?Articles?(art.)?用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的范围?a,
an,
the?
8?介词?Prepositions?(prep.)?用在名词或代词前,说明它与别的词的关系?in,
on
9?连词?Conjunctions?(conj.)?连接单词、短语或句子，主要有并列连词、转折连词、选择连词和因果连词。if,
because,
but?
一、句子成分
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、补足语、状语等。
（一）主语（S:
Subject）
主语是全句所述说的主体，谓语讲述的对象，一般位于句首。表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。如：
（1）The
braces
hurt
my
teeth.
（名词作主语）
（2）He
reads
newspapers
every
day.
（代词作主语）
（3）One-third
of
the
students
in
this
class
are
girls.
（数词作主语）
（4）To
swim
in
Kunming
Lake
is
a
great
pleasure.
（不定式作主语）
（5）Smoking
is
harmful
to
the
health.
（动名词作主语）
（6）The
rich
should
help
the
poor.
（名词化的形容词作主语）
（7）What
we
should
do
is
not
yet
decided.
（主语从句作主语）
【即学即练】1)．There
will
be
more
forests
for
pandas
to
live
in．（ ）
A．定语
B．表语
C．主语
D．宾语
2)．指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分
Most
of
the
students
come
from
countryside．
．
参考答案：1)
C
2)
主语
（二）谓语（V:
Verb）
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，它在主语后面，说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He
practices
running
every
morning.
2、复合谓语：
（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：
He
can
speak
English.
（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
We
don’t
finish
reading
the
book.
（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
由系动词加表语构成。如：We
are
students.
（系动词和表语一起作谓语）
【即学即练】仿写练习。
例：The
bus
is
coming.
3)
仿写：他不会游泳。
__________________________
4)
例：He
wishes
to
be
a
doctor.
仿写：他同意跟我们一起工作。
___________________________________
参考答案：3)
He
can’
t
swim.
4)
He
agreed
to
work
with
us.
（三）宾语（O：Object）直接宾语DO:
Direct
Object;
间接宾语IO:
Indirect
Object
宾语是动作、行为的对象或目标，一般位于及物动词和介词后面，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和宾语从句等来担任。
She
is
doing
her
homework
now.
（名词作宾语）
We
often
help
him.（代词作宾语）
How
many
dictionaries
do
you
have?
I
have
five.（数词作宾语）
He
likes
to
play
basketball.（不定式作宾语）
We
enjoy
listening
to
the
music.
（动名词短语作宾语）
She
says（that）she
is
ill.（宾语从句作宾语）
说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。
说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所涉及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：give,
show（给……看），bring，pass，buy等。如：
（1）Our
teacher
tells
us
a
story.
（2）The
sun
gives
us
light.
间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。
间接宾语前加“to”的有：give,
show,
send,
bring,
read,
pass,
lend,
leave,
hand,
tell,
return,
write,
throw,
promise（答应）,
refuse（拒绝）等。
间接宾语前加“for”的有：make,
buy,
do,
get,
play,
order（命令）,
sing，pay等
（1）I
give
him
a
book.
改成：I
give
a
book
to
him.
（2）He
passes
me
the
book.
改成：He
passes
the
book
to
me.
（3）He
writes
me
a
letter.
改成：He
writes
a
letter
to
me.
（4）He
will
buy
me
some
books.
改成：He
will
buy
some
books
for
me.
（5）She
is
making
me
a
cake.
改成：She
is
making
a
cake
for
me.
【即学即练】划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
5)
Please
tell
us
a
story.
________________
6)
My
father
bought
a
new
bike
for
me
last
week.
________________
7)Mr.
Li
is
going
to
teach
us
history
next
term.
________________
8)
Here
is
a
pen.
Give
it
to
Tom.
________________
9)
Did
he
leave
any
message
for
me?
________________
参考答案：5)
us,
间接宾语
a
story,
直接宾语
6)
me,
间接宾语
a
new
bike,
直接宾语
7)
us,
间接宾语
history,
直接宾语
8)
Tom,
间接宾语
it,
直接宾语
9)
me,
间接宾语
message,
直接宾语
（四）宾语补足语（OC:
Object
Complement）
在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。如：
They
elected
him
their
monitor.
（名词作宾语补足语）
They
make
her
happy.
（形容词作宾语补足语）
Please
let
him
in.（副词作宾语补足语）
You
mustn’t
force
him
to
lend
his
money
to
you.
（不定式作宾语补足语）
We
heard
her
singing
a
song.（现在分词短语作宾语补足语）
We
found
everything
in
the
lab
in
good
order.（介词短语作宾语补足语）
We
will
soon
make
our
city
what
your
city
is
now.（从句作宾语补足语）
【即学即练】选择题
10)
They
think
John
the
best
student.
Here
the
sentence
structure
is
_______．（ ）
A．S+V+DO
B．S+V+IO+DO
C．S+V+DO+OC
D．S+V+P
参考答案：C.
We
主语，think
谓语，John宾语，the
best
student．宾语补足语．
（五）表语（P:
Predicative）
表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语须和系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。
常见句型：
（1）主语+系动词+名词/代词（名词、代词作表语）
He
is
my
best
friend.
That
backpack
is
mine.
（2）主语+系动词+形容词（形容词作表语）
Your
daughter
is
very
clever.
（3）主语+谓语+副词（副词作表语）
Time
is
up.
时间到了。
Class
is
over.
下课。
（4）主语+谓语+介词短语（介词短语作表语）
Your
books
are
on
Tom’s
desk.
你的书在汤姆的书桌上。
（5）主语+谓语+分词（分词作表语）
The
book
is
very
interesting.
这本书非常有趣。
【即学即练】连词成句。
11）he,
monitor,
is,
our
class,
the,
of.
________________________________________
12）she,
a
cold,
seemed,
to
have
caught.
________________________________________
参考答案：11）He
is
the
monitor
of
our
class.
12）she
seemed
to
have
caught
a
cold.
（六）定语（Attribute）
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如：The
black
bike
is
mine.
（
作定语）
What’s
your
name?
（
作定语）
They
make
paper
flowers.
（
作定语）
说明1：当定语修饰不定代词：nothing,
anything,
everything,
something等时，定语在不定代词后面。
如：I
tell
him
something
interesting.
（形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语）
He
has
something
to
do.
（to
do为不定式作后置定语）
说明2：短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如：The
boys
in
the
room
are
in
Class
Four.
（in
the
room是介词短语作the
boys的后置定语。）
（七）状语（Adverbial）
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，由副词、介词短语、不定式或状语从句等来表示。一般放在句末，但有时可以放在句首、句中。
He
did
it
carefully.
（副词作状语）
Her
mother
goes
out
to
do
some
shopping
on
Sunday.
（介词短语作状语）
He
is
proud
to
pass
the
national
college
entrance
examination.（不定式作状语）
When
I
grow
up,
I
am
going
to
be
a
teacher.（从句作时间状语）
状语种类如下：
How
about
meeting
again
at
six?（时间状语）
Last
night
she
didn’t
go
to
the
dance
party
because
of
the
rain.（原因状语）
I
shall
go
there
if
it
doesn’t
rain.（条件状语）
Mr
Smith
lives
on
the
third
floor.（地点状语）
She
put
the
eggs
into
the
basket
with
great
care.（方式状语）
She
came
in
with
a
dictionary
in
her
hand.（伴随状语）
In
order
to
catch
up
with
the
others,
I
must
work
harder.（目的状语）
He
was
so
tired
that
he
fell
asleep
immediately.（结果状语）
She
works
very
hard
though
she
is
old.（让步状语）
I
am
taller
than
he
is.（比较状语）
【即学即练】选择题
13)
Mr.
Hu
raised
his
voice_________
all
of
us
could
hear
him.（
）
A.for
B.
so
that
C.because
D.
in
order
14)
Tony
will
call
me
as
soon
as
he
_________
Shanghai.
A.
arrives
B.will
reach
C.
arrives
in
D.
get
to
参考答案：B
C
综合练习
一、选择题
1．There
will
be
more
forests
for
pandas
to
live
in．（ ）
A．定语
B．表语
C．主语
D．宾语
2．The
weather
becomes
hot
in
summer．（ ）
A．表语
B．宾语
C．谓语
D．状语
3．Sixteen﹣year﹣olds
should
be
allowed
to
have
part-time
jobs．（ ）
A．谓语
B．宾语
C．表语
D．宾语补足语
4．The
woman
in
a
red
coat
is
my
mother．（ ）
A．宾语
B．状语
C．表语
D．定语
5．There
was
a
big
smile
on
her
face．（ ）
A．主语
B．宾语
C．定语
D．状语
6．My
brother
hasn't
done
his
homework．（ ）
A．主语
B．宾语
C．表语
D．定语
7．The
leaves
have
turned
yellow．（ ）
A．主语
B．宾语
C．表语
D．状语
8．You
should
take
an
umbrella
with
you
when
you
go
out．（ ）
A．谓语
B．表语
C．宾语
D．定语
9．I
was
afraid
to
ask
questions
because
of
my
poor
pronunciation．（ ）
A．定语
B．状语
C．主语
D．宾语
10．I
don't
know
how
to
deal
with
the
problem．（ ）
A．状语
B．表语
C．宾语
D．宾补
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
11.
My
friend
Terry________
(work)
very
hard
12.
I
used
to________
(get)
up
early
in
the
morning.
13.
The
time
________
(pass)
quickly
14.
The
manager________(not
arrive)
yet.
15.
Alice
can
________(swim)
very
well.
16.
Look!
The
students
________
(listen)
carefully.
三、翻译句子。
17.你们必须在下课后把作业交上来。（hand
in）
___________________________________________
18.
收到你的来信我很开心。（hear
from）
___________________________________________
19.
他把车票给列车员看。（show,
conductor）
___________________________________________
20.
晚上她父亲不允许她出去。（allow）
___________________________________________
参考答案：一、1-5
CAADD
6-10
BCABC
二、11.works
12.
get
13.
passed
14.
hasn’t
arrived
15.
swim
16.are
listening
三、17.
You
must
hand
in
your
homework
after
class.
18.
I
am
very
happy
to
hear
from
you.
19.
He
showed
the
tickets
to
the
conductor.
20.
Her
father
doesn’t
allow
her
to
go
out
at
night.
一、指出下列句中主语的中心词
1.
The
teacher
with
two
of
his
students
is
walking
into
the
classroom.
________________
2.
There
is
an
old
man
coming
here.
________________
3.
The
useful
dictionary
was
given
by
my
mother
last
year.
________________
4.
To
do
today's
homework
without
the
teacher's
help
is
very
difficult.
________________
二、
选出句中谓语的中心词
(
)
5.
I
don't
like
the
picture
on
the
wall.
A.
don't
B.
like
C.
picture
D.
wall
(
)
6.
The
days
get
longer
and
longer
when
summer
comes.
A.
get
B.
longer
C.
days
D.
summer
(
)
7.
Do
you
usually
go
to
school
by
bus?
A.
Do
B.
usually
C.
go
D.
bus
(
)
8.
There
will
be
a
meeting
at
the
library
this
afternoon.
A.
will
be
B.
meeting
C.
the
library
D.
afternoon
(
)
9.
Did
the
twins
have
porridge
for
their
breakfast?
A.
Did
B.
twins
C.
have
D.
breakfast
三、翻译
10．足球比网球更普及，但网球是我的最爱．
___________________________________________
11．邮局在旅馆和图书馆之间．
___________________________________________
12．我们学校有太多的规则．
___________________________________________
13．我已经决定读一些书并游览一些名胜古迹．
___________________________________________
14．旅游被认为是放松的最好方式之一．
___________________________________________
15．阅读和旅游能给我们打开一个全新的世界．
___________________________________________
16．扬州位于江苏中部，以其悠久的历史和文化而闻名．
___________________________________________
17．如果在这里建设一个新的机场，许多动物将失去家园．
___________________________________________
18．这个暑假你打算做什么？
___________________________________________
19．我看见Mary正在房间里安静地看书．
___________________________________________
四、(2017湖南湘潭中考)
根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Students
often
have
a
lot
of
worries.
Sometimes
they
have
problems
with
their
schoolwork,
and
sometimes
with
their
friends.
What
can
they
do
about
this?
1.让我们看看劳拉怎么处理她的问题的。
One
day,
Laura
lost
her
wallet
and
worried
for
days.
She
was
afraid
to
tell
her
parents
about
it.
She
kept
thinking,
2.If
my
parents
know
it,
how
angry
they
will
be!"
In
the
end,
she
talked
to
her
parents
and
they
were
really
understanding.
Her
dad
said
he
sometimes
made
careless
mistakes
too.
They
got
her
a
new
wallet
and
asked
her
to
be
more
careful.
An
expert
called
Robert
Hunt
says,
"3.
It
is
best
for
us
not
to
run
away
from
our
problems.
We
should
always
try
to
solve
them.
"
He
thinks
the
first
step
is
to
find
someone
you
trust
to
talk
to.
4学生们可以向老师或朋友寻求建议因为他们是愿意帮助人的。
In
English,
we
say
that
sharing
problem
is
like
cutting
it
in
half.
5.
So
you're
halfway
to
solving
a
problem
just
by
talking
to
someone
about
it!
1.
______________________________________________________
2.
______________________________________________________
3.
______________________________________________________
4.
______________________________________________________
5.
______________________________________________________
五、改错。
1.
She
have
refused
to
help
him.
___________________________________________
2.
Mary
enjoys
to
read
books.
___________________________________________
3.
I
want
to
having
a
cup
of
orange
juice.
___________________________________________
4.
We
plant
a
lot
of
trees
in
our
school
yesterday.
___________________________________________
5.
He
is
looking
forward
to
meet
you
soon.
___________________________________________
参考答案：
一、1.
teacher
2.
man
3.
dictionary
4.
To
do
二、
5.
B
6.
A
7.
C
8.
A
9.
C
三、10．Football
is
more
popular
than
tennis，
but
tennis
is
my
favorite（sport）．
11．There
is
a
post
office
between
the
hotel
and
the
library．
12．There
are
too
many
rules
in
our
school．
13．I
have
decided
to
read
some
books
and
visit
some
places
of
interest．
14．Tourism
is
considered
to
be
one
of
the
best
ways
to
relax．
15．Reading
and
traveling
can
open
up
a
whole
new
world
to
us．
16．Yangzhou
is
located
in
the
central
part
of
Jiangsu，
and
is
famous
for
its
long
history
and
culture．
17．If
a
new
airport
is
built
here，
many
animals
will
lose
their
homes．
18．What
are
you
going
to
do
this
summer
vacation？
19．I
saw
Mary
reading
quietly
in
the
room．
四、1.Let's
see
how
Laura
deals
with
her
problems.
2.如果我的父母知道了，他们会多么生气啊!
3.我们最好不要逃避我们的问题。
4.
Students
can
ask
their
teachers
or
friends
for
advice
because
they
are
glad
to
help
others.
5.所以你只需要和一个人谈谈就能解决问题的一半了！
五、1.
She
has
refused
to
help
him.
2.
Mary
enjoys
reading
books.
3.
I
want
to
have
a
cup
of
orange
juice.
4.
We
planted
a
lot
of
trees
in
our
school
yesterday.
5.
He
is
looking
forward
to
meeting
you
soon.
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么事
名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子
We?study?in?HuangQiao?Middle
School.
谓语
说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样
动词或动词词组
She?is?dancing?under?the?tree.
宾语
表示动作行为的对象
同主语
Both?of?us?like?English.
表语
与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征
同主语
Her?father?is?a?chemist.
His?words?sound?reasonable.
状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等
副词，介词短语或句子
He?works?very?hard.
They?held?a?party?in?Hollywood.
宾语补足语
逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系
形容词，名词，介词短语等
She?always?keeps?the?house?clean.
常用基本句型：
主语+谓语
My
head
aches.
我头疼。
Everybody
laughed.
大家都笑了。
主语+谓语+宾语
She
likes
the
flowers.
她喜欢这些花。
Dad
bought
a
car.
父亲买了辆汽车。
主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Uncle
Liu
bought
me
a
birthday
present.
=Uncle
Liu
bought
a
birthday
present
for
me.
刘叔叔给我买了一份生日礼物。
主语+谓语动词(连系动词)+表语
I
am
a
student.
我是一个学生。
It
smells
bad.
它闻起来很槽糕。
主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语主语
He
is
driving
her
mad.
她受不了他了。
He
told
me
to
stay
at
home.
他叫我待在家里。
主语+谓语动词+宾语+状语
The
students
are
doing
their
homework
in
the
classroom.
学生们正在教室里做作业。
主语+谓语动词+状语
He
wrote
with
a
red
pencil.
他用红铅笔写。
He
is
playing
under
the
tree.
他正在树下玩。
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第
1
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