2012年中考英语一轮复习9A Unit2讲解

Unit 2 Colour, 9A
一.【精挑细选短语】
1. the relationship between colours and moods颜色与情绪之间的关系 (p26指示语)
2. make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy →make sb do sth让/令某人做某事
【知识链接】⑴feel sleepy感到困倦 ⑵fall asleep睡着，get to sleep入睡，go to sleep去睡觉
3. feel relaxed感到放松的，feel stressed＝feel nervous感到焦虑不安的
4. be painted blue被漆成蓝色→be painted＋颜色，被漆成某种颜色→paint sth＋颜色
【用法拓展】be coloured＋颜色，被涂上某种颜色→colour sth＋颜色，e.g. colour the card orange
5. like to be in white on their wedding day喜欢在婚礼上穿白色衣服
【知识链接】in white穿白色衣服→in＋颜色，穿某颜色衣服，e.g. The girl in pink is Sue.
6. a happy and satisfied feeling一种高兴、满意的感觉 (p27)
【知识链接】be satisfied with sb/sth＝be happy with…对某人/某事满意，e.g. I’m not satisfied with my job.
7. people living in cold climates生活在寒冷气候中的人→现在分词短语作后置定语。
8. remind you of a warm, sunny day使你想起温暖、阳光明媚的一天
【知识链接】⑴remind sb of sth提醒某人某事；让某人想起某事，e.g. Watching this film reminded me of my own childhood. ⑵remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 请做题：
Please remind me (call) her before ten o’clock. (2007山东泰安市中考)
9. study for exams复习迎考，revise for tests/exams复习迎考
10. anyone in need of physical or mental strength
【知识链接】⑴be in need of…＝need需要→be in great need of…急需，e.g. ①She is in need of a part-time job. ②He held out his hand in friendship when we were in great need of help.在我们迫切需要帮助的时候他给予了友谊之手。⑵physical身体的；物理的，e.g. physical education＝PE体育，a physical scientist物理学家 ⑶mental精神的，e.g. mental test心理测试，mental illness精神病，mental hospital精神病院
11. be green with envy＝be jealous妒忌，be jealous of…嫉妒；妒忌
【知识链接】Don’t be jealous of others' success.不要嫉妒别人的成功。
12. have difficulty making a decision犹豫不决；难以作决定。have difficulty类似have problems。
【知识链接】⑴have difficulty with sth, have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难，e.g. ①She has difficulty with physics. ②When do you have difficulty making choices ⑵make a decision作决定，make a decision to do sth＝decide to do sth＝make up one’s mind(s) to do sth决定做某事，e.g. ①We must be practical and work out the cost before we make a decision.我们应该实事求是的先把费用算出来, 然后再做决定。②Have they made up their minds where to spend their summer holiday
13. go shopping for clothes去买衣服，be in a good/bad mood心情好/坏，all the afternoon＝the whole afternoon →all the…＝the whole…整个…，all the morning＝the whole morning (p34)
14. make phone calls to sb给某人打电话，make a phone call →make phone calls打电话
【知识链接】There is a phone call for you.＝You are wanted on the phone.有人打电话找你。
15. act normally表现正常，talk to sb about my friends’ strange behaviour我朋友们的异常行为
16. give me some advice →give sb some advice＝offer sb some suggestions给某人提一些建议
【知识链接】give sb some advice on/about how to do sth就如何做某事给某人提建议，e.g.
Mr Wu gave us some valuable advice on/about how to learn a foreign language.
【用法拓展】advise vt.建议，advise sb (not) to do sth建议某人(不)做某事①Can you advise me what to do next 你能建议我下一步怎么办吗？②The doctor advised me to take a complete rest.医生建议我完全休息。
17. feel a little bit stressed感到有点焦虑不安，a little bit＋形容词，a little bit of＋不可数名词
【知识链接】①He looks a little bit shy. ②There’s a little bit of time left.只剩一点儿时间了。
二．【百里挑一词汇】
1. 颜色通常分为四种类型：⑴calm colours→blue, white ⑵warm clours→yellow, orange
⑶energetic colours →green ⑷strong clours→red.
2. 形容词或动词＋th→名词：grow→growth, strong→strength, warm→warmth, wide→width, long→length, 【注意】high→height。
3. 形容词＋dom→名词：wise→wisdom, free→freedom。
4. deep深的→deeply深深地，in a deep sleep沉睡，breathe deeply＝take a deep breath深呼吸
5. ⑴discover vt.发现，意为先于他人首次发现已经存在的东西。e.g. Who discovered America 谁发现了美洲 ⑵invent vt.发明，意为发明或创造不曾存在的东西。e.g. Watt invented the steam engine.瓦特发明了蒸汽机。invent vt.发明→invention n.发明物(复数inventions)→inventor n.发明家
6. balance n.平衡，achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies在功课和兴趣爱好之间获得平衡，achieve a balance between work and rest劳逸适度，keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
三.【五星必背句型】
1. I’d rather wear blue than pink. →would rather do sth than sth (p24)
2. There’s nothing wrong with pink. →There is nothing wrong with… ...没有毛病/…没什么不好。
【知识链接】There is nothing wrong with….＝There isn’t anything wrong with….＝Nothing is wrong with….→There is something wrong with…….Something is wrong with…….有毛病。e.g.
There is something wrong with the old man’s ears.＝Something is wrong with the old man’s ears.
【用法拓展】something/anything/nothing＋形容词，e.g. The doctor said, “Nothing serious.”
3. Blue looks good on you.＝You look good in blue. 你穿蓝色看上去好看。
【知识链接】Sth look good on sb.某物穿在某人身上好看。＝Sb look good in sth.某人穿某物好看。e.g.
白皮肤、金黄色头发的人穿橙色和绿色看上去好看。
People with pale skin and blonde hair look good in orange and yellow.
＝Orange and yellow look good on people with pale skin and blonde hair.
＝Orange and yellow match people with pale skin and blonde hair well.
4. How do colours affect us We live in a world full of colours. (p26)
5. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow →主句＋疑问词＋陈述句语序.
6. Wearing blue clothes or sleeping in a blue room is good for our mind and body.
【知识链接】⑴wearing blue clothes, sleeping in a blue room都是动词-ing形式。动词-ing单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。①无论A、B是不可数名还是动名词，当A and B作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式。②A or B作主语时，谓语动词的形式依据“就近原则”。⑵be good for our mind and body对身心有好处，be good for sb/sth对…有益→be bad for sb/sth对…有害。e.g. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
7. Orange represents joy. It can bring you success and cheer you up when you are feeling sad. (p27)
【知识链接】⑴represent＝stand for代表，e.g. “V” represents/stand for “victory”. ⑵cheer…up是“动词＋副词”，cheer sb up＝make sb happier使某人振奋/振作起来。
8. Wearing red can make it easier for you to take action.穿红色使你易于采取行动。
【知识链接】it是形式宾语，指代真正的宾语to take action，easier是宾语补足语。
9. We promise to help you successfully change your moods, or you will get your money back. (p36)
我们承诺可以帮助你成功地改变你的情绪，否则如数退款。
【知识链接】⑴get…back ①要回；取回②回来 ⑵promise n.诺言，make a promise许诺，keep one’s promise遵守诺言，break one’s promise违背诺言 ⑶promise v.允诺；答应→promise to do sth答应做某事→ promise sb (not) to do sth答应某人(不)做某事→promise that从句，e.g. ①Mom, I promise I'll study harder.妈妈，我保证更加努力学习。②I promise to return your bicycle on good condition. (完好无损地)
10. Red and white are a good match, as the powerful red balances the calm white. (p39)
红与白是相宜的搭配，因为热烈的红可以平衡宁静的白。
11. You’re right. He does look like Mr Wu.你说得对，他看起来确实像吴老师。 (p41)
【知识链接】does在这里强调作用，如：Daniel does like playing computer games.
四.【中考无敌语法】would rather…than…、prefer…to…、不定代词
㈠prefer…to…, would rather…than…
⒈prefer vt.&vi.宁愿选择，更喜欢，prefer→preferring→preferred，prefer＝like better。⑴常用短语prefer to do sth宁愿做某事，prefer sth to sth＝like sth better than sth，prefer doing to doing＝like doing better than doing. 上述两个短语中的to是介词。e.g. ①prefer apples to bananas ②prefer walking to taking a bus ⑵常用句型Which do you prefer, A or B e.g. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee
⒉would rather do sth than do sth宁可…也不…，当动词相同时使用would rather do sth than sth；当仅要表达“宁愿做某事”时，使用would rather do sth＝prefer to do sth。
⒊“宁可…也不…”的四种常见表达：⑴would rather do sth than do sth ⑵prefer to do sth rather than do sth ⑶prefer to do sth instead of doing sth ⑷prefer doing sth to doing sth，注意这四个短语中动词的形式。
㈡不定代词：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
⒈指人的不定代词：somebody/someone, anybody/anyone, nobody/no one, everybody/everyone
⒉指物的不定代词：something, anything, nothing, everything
⒊指人和物的不定代词：none。nobody/no one只用于指人，意为“没有人”，可回答Who… 问句；nothing只用于指物，意为“没有什么东西”，可回答What… 问句；none既可以指人也可以指物，意为“一个也没有”，可回答How many/much… 问句。
⑴None of＋名词复数/us/you/them＋动词单数或复数形式。e.g. None of them has/have arrived.
⑵None of＋不可数名词＋动词单数形式。e.g. None of the money is hers.
⑶英语中没有以下用法：no one of…, nobody of…。e.g.
①—Who can you see on the playground —Nobody. ②—What’s in your right hand —Nothing.
③—How much time is there left —None. Time is up. ④There is nothing in Amy’s bag. It’s empty.
⑤He tried to find some food in the room, but they found none.
⒋somebody/someone通常用于肯定句中，指代“一个人”；当我们想表示“两个及以上的人”时，可以用some people/persons。anybody/anyone通常用在否定句或疑问句中；当我们向别人提供帮助(如招待客人)或期待得到对方的肯定回答9(请求允许)，我们在疑问句中使用somebody/someone, something。anybody/anyone和nobody/no one用在否定中。当anybody/anyone出现在肯定句中时，通常表示“任何人”。①Is there anybody in the fitting room ②Look, someone/somebody has dropped a 100-yuan note.
③No one/Nobody recognized(认出) Millie because of her new hairstyle.
⒌every one每个人或物，everyone每个人。Every one of＋名词复数/us/you/them＋动词单数形式。
英语中没有Everyone of…这种形式。e.g. Every one of them is wrong.
⒍当all, both, each, every, everybody, everything等表示整体意义的不定代词与否定词连用时，只能表示部分否定。如果表示完全否定，应该用all→none, both→neither, everybody→nobody, everything→nothing。e.g. All of us are not fond of sports.＝Not all of us like sports.并非我们所有的人都喜欢运动。→完全否定：None of us is/are fond of sports.
⒎不定代词在反意疑问句中的使用
⑴不定代词在反意疑问句中遵循最基本的规则，前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。陈述句部分出现指物的不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等作主语时，附加疑问部分用it。
①There is someone in the fitting room, isn’t there ②Nothing can be seen, can it
⑵陈述句部分有指人的不定代词someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody, everyone/everybody, none, neither等作主语时，附加疑问部分用they。
①Nobody was in, were they ②Anybody who breaks the law will be punished, won’t they
③None of them have been abroad, have they ④Everyone is here, aren’t they