北师大版（2019）高中英语选修择性必第三册 Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone课件 （83张）

(共83张PPT)
选择性必修三
UNIT
9
HUMAN
BIOLOGY
LESSON
1
TO
CLONE
OR
NOT
TO
CLONE
（1）
What
do
you
know
about
cloning?
Cloning
can
create
identical
genes.
Cloning
can
be
used
to
edit
genes.
Cloning
can
make
an
exact
copy
of
an
animal.
Scientists
have
broken
lots
of
technical
barriers
when
studying
cloning.
We’ve
cloned
several
species,
like
sheep,
cattle
and
dogs.
Scientists
want
to
produce
animal
models
that
are
helpful
for
medical
research.
similar
in
every
detail
to
make
changes
to
sth.
problems
classes
of
plants
or
animals
What
additional
information
would
you
like
to
know?
When
was
the
first
cloned
animal
created?
Why
are
scientists
so
interested
in
cloning?
What
achievements
have
we
made
in
cloning?
What
problems
are
we
facing
now?
…
Read
through
the
article.
Draw
a
structural
map
to
show
how
the
paragraphs
are
organised.
Follow
these
steps:
1.
Locate
the
key
words
in
each
paragraph.
2.
Find
out
the
topics
in
each
paragraph.
3.
Work
out
the
logic
between
the
topics.
4.
Show
it
in
your
map.
Paragraph
1
①
Cloning
is
the
process
of
making
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
developing
it
either
naturally
or
artificially.
②
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
③
For
example,
gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant
and
place
it
in
a
suitable
medium,
such
as
soil.
④
Another
example
of
natural
cloning
is
identical
twins,
who
are
produced
from
the
same
egg.
artificial:
not
real
or
not
made
of
natural
things
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant
place
it
into
the
soil
Paragraph
1
①
Cloning
is
the
process
of
making
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
developing
it
either
naturally
or
artificially.
②
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
③
For
example,
gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant
and
place
it
in
a
suitable
medium,
such
as
soil.
④
Another
example
of
natural
cloning
is
identical
twins,
who
are
produced
from
the
same
egg.
identical:
exactly
the
same
Paragraph
1
Key
Words
①
Cloning
is
the
process
of
making
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
developing
it
either
naturally
or
artificially.
②
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
③
For
example,
gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant
and
place
it
in
a
suitable
medium,
such
as
soil.
④
Another
example
of
natural
cloning
is
identical
twins,
who
are
produced
from
the
same
egg.
Paragraph
1:
Topics
①
Cloning
is
the
process
of
making
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
developing
it
either
naturally
or
artificially.
②
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
③
For
example,
gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant
and
place
it
in
a
suitable
medium,
such
as
soil.
④
Another
example
of
natural
cloning
is
identical
twins,
who
are
produced
from
the
same
egg.
definition
natural
cloning
Structural
Map
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
Try
to
work
on
Paragraph
2.
Follow
these
steps:
1.
Locate
the
key
words
in
each
paragraph.
2.
Find
out
the
topics
in
each
paragraph.
3.
Work
out
the
logic
between
the
topics.
4.
Show
it
in
your
map.
For
years,
there
had
been
attempts
to
clone
animals
artificially.
The
first
successfully
cloned
animal
was
a
sheep
named
Dolly
in
1996.
At
first,
Dolly
grew
normally,
but
later
she
developed
an
illness...
After
Dolly,
scientists
have
cloned
more
than
20
mammal
species,
including...
However,
they
have
found
a
similar
pattern
of
health
problems…
Paragraph
2:
Key
Words
For
years,
there
had
been
attempts
to
clone
animals
artificially.
The
first
successfully
cloned
animal
was
a
sheep
named
Dolly
in
1996.
At
first,
Dolly
grew
normally,
but
later
she
developed
an
illness...
After
Dolly,
scientists
have
cloned
more
than
20
mammal
species,
including...
However,
they
have
found
a
similar
pattern
of
health
problems…
Paragraph
2:
Topics
artificial
cloning:
cloned
mammals
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning:
cloned
mammals
2
Structural
Map
Read
the
rest
4
paragraphs.
Follow
these
steps:
1.
Locate
the
key
words
in
each
paragraph.
2.
Find
out
the
topics
in
each
paragraph.
3.
Work
out
the
logic
between
the
topics.
4.
Show
it
in
your
map.
Paragraph
3:
Key
Words
In
January
2018,
the
cloning
of
two
long
tailed
monkeys,
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua,
was
announced
by
Chinese
scientists.
They
were
the
first-ever
primates…
to
have
been
cloned!
In
comparison
with
other
species,
cloning
primates
has
proved
to
be
“much
harder”…
Dr.
Sun
Qiang,
director
of
the
research
team,
said
they
had
been
wholly
devoted
to
the
research…
The
reason
they
worked
so
hard
to
break
this
technical
barrier
was…
Paragraph
3:
Topics
In
January
2018,
the
cloning
of
two
long
tailed
monkeys,
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua,
was
announced
by
Chinese
scientists.
They
were
the
first-ever
primates…
to
have
been
cloned!
In
comparison
with
other
species,
cloning
primates
has
proved
to
be
“much
harder”…
Dr.
Sun
Qiang,
director
of
the
research
team,
said
they
had
been
wholly
devoted
to
the
research…
The
reason
they
worked
so
hard
to
break
this
technical
barrier
was…
artificial
cloning:
cloned
primates
Paragraph
4:
Key
Words
The
successful
cloning
of
primates
has
led
to
worldwide
praise
as
a
huge
breakthrough
that
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
and
may
also
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process.
With
this
technology,
we
have
the
potential
to
raise
a
large
number
of
monkeys
with
identical
genes...
This
could
help
save
research
time…
Paragraph
4:
Topics
The
successful
cloning
of
primates
has
led
to
worldwide
praise
as
a
huge
breakthrough
that
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
and
may
also
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process.
With
this
technology,
we
have
the
potential
to
raise
a
large
number
of
monkeys
with
identical
genes...
This
could
help
save
research
time…
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
Paragraph
5:
Key
Words
Cloning,
however,
continues
to
be
an
issue
that
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions.
While
some
people
believe
it
is
crucial
for
scientific
advancement,
others
raise
moral
concerns.
They
believe
it
is
bound
to
lead
to...
For
example,
they
wonder
if...
Furthermore,
clones
may...
Finally,
they
worry...
provoke:
to
cause
be
bound
to:
be
certain
to
Paragraph
5:
Topics
Cloning,
however,
continues
to
be
an
issue
that
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions.
While
some
people
believe
it
is
crucial
for
scientific
advancement,
others
raise
moral
concerns.
They
believe
it
is
bound
to
lead
to...
For
example,
they
wonder
if...
Furthermore,
clones
may...
Finally,
they
worry...
moral
concerns
Paragraph
6:
Key
Words
So
far,
it
is
still
unknown
what
will
happen
to
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua
as
they
grow
up.
Researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced.
As
Einstein
said,
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument...”
Paragraph
6:
Topics
So
far,
it
is
still
unknown
what
will
happen
to
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua
as
they
grow
up.
Researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced.
As
Einstein
said,
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument...”
conclusion
Find
out
the
topics
in
each
paragraph.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning:
cloned
mammals
2
artificial
cloning:
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
moral
concerns
5
conclusion
6
Work
out
the
logic
between
the
topics.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning:
cloned
mammals
2
artificial
cloning:
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
moral
concerns
5
conclusion
6
Show
it
in
your
map.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning
2-4
cloned
mammals
2
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
moral
concerns
5
conclusion
6
Read
for
details:
Read
the
first
four
paragraphs
to
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
was
the
first
cloned
mammal?
What
happened
to
her?
2.
How
was
the
science
of
cloning
mammals
developed
since
the
first
cloned
mammal?
3.
What
development
in
cloning
was
announced
in
2018?
What
was
special
about
it?
4.
For
how
long
did
Dr.
Sun
Qiang’s
team
work?
Why
did
they
work
so
hard?
5.
Why
was
it
significant
to
clone
primates?
paragraph
2
paragraph
2
paragraph
3
paragraph
3
paragraph
4
1.
What
was
the
first
cloned
mammal?
What
happened
to
her?
It
was
a
sheep
named
Dolly
in
1996.
At
first,
Dolly
grew
normally.
But
later
she
developed
an
illness
that
is
more
normally
found
in
much
older
animals.
She
lived
for
six
and
a
half
years,
only
half
the
life
of
the
sheep
from
which
she
was
cloned.
2.
How
was
the
science
of
cloning
developed
since
the
first
cloned
mammal?
After
Dolly,
scientists
have
cloned
more
than
20
mammal
species,
including
camels,
cattle,
deer,
dogs,
goats,
and
mice.
3.
What
development
in
cloning
was
announced
in
2018?
What
was
special
about
it?
In
January
2018,
Chinese
scientists
announced
the
cloning
of
two
long-tailed
monkeys,
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua.
They
were
the
first-ever
primates
to
have
been
cloned!
Cloning
primates
is
much
harder
and
doing
so
with
non-reproductive
cells
was
even
more
complicated.
produce
→
productive
re
non-
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua
4.
For
how
long
did
Dr.
Sun
Qiang’s
team
work?
Why
did
they
work
so
hard?
They
worked
24
hours
a
day,
7
days
a
week
for
more
than
5
years.
They
wanted
to
get
animals
with
edited
genes
and
produce
animal
models
that
are
helpful
for
medical
research
and
human
health.
Dr.
Sun
Qiang
and
one
of
his
team
members
5.
Why
was
it
significant
to
clone
primates?
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
may
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process
have
the
potential
to
raise
a
large
number
of
monkeys
with
identical
genes
in
a
short
amount
of
time
change
their
genes
to
suit
research
needs
help
save
research
time
reduce
the
number
of
animals
required
for
testing
produce
more
accurate
results
lead
to
more
effective
treatments
information?that?helps?someone?solve?a?mystery
提示，迹象
Organize
the
details
into
your
map.
Put
down
the
key
words.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning
2-4
cloned
mammals
2
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
conclusion
6
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
make
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
develop
it
taking
a
cutting
from
a
plant
and
developing
it
identical
twins
examples
artificial
cloning
2-4
cloned
mammals
2
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
1st
cloned:
Dolly,
a
sheep
developed
an
illness
earlier
later:
＞20
mammal
species
2018,
2
monkeys,
China
Zhong
Zhong,
Hua
Hua
＞5
years
a
breakthrough
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process
Read
paragraphs
5
and
6.
Try
to
understand
the
details
in
them
and
add
key
information
to
your
map.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
moral
concerns
5
conclusion
6
Paragraph
5
Cloning…
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions…
raise
moral
concerns…
lead
to
cloning
of
other
species,
and
they
worry
about
the
ethical
questions
this
raises.
For
example,
they
wonder
if
clones
should
be
treated
as
objects
or
as
individuals
with
their
own
identity.
Furthermore,
clones
may
be
viewed
as
mere
copies
of
originals
thus
being
seen
as
inferior.
Finally,
they
worry
that
some
organisations
may
abuse
the
technology
for
unethical
purposes.
identity:
the
qualities
and
attitudes
that
a
person
or
group
of
people
have
物体还是具有独特个性的个体
Paragraph
5
Cloning…
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions…
raise
moral
concerns…
lead
to
cloning
of
other
species,
and
they
worry
about
the
ethical
questions
this
raises.
For
example,
they
wonder
if
clones
should
be
treated
as
objects
or
as
individuals
with
their
own
identity.
Furthermore,
clones
may
be
viewed
as
mere
copies
of
originals
thus
being
seen
as
inferior.
Finally,
they
worry
that
some
organisations
may
abuse
the
technology
for
unethical
purposes.
inferior:
lower
in
rank
低级的，低等的
Paragraph
5
Cloning…
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions…
raise
moral
concerns…
lead
to
cloning
of
other
species,
and
they
worry
about
the
ethical
questions
this
raises.
For
example,
they
wonder
if
clones
should
be
treated
as
objects
or
as
individuals
with
their
own
identity.
Furthermore,
clones
may
be
viewed
as
mere
copies
of
originals
thus
being
seen
as
inferior.
Finally,
they
worry
that
some
organisations
may
abuse
the
technology
for
unethical
purposes.
abuse:
to
deliberately
use
something
for
the
wrong
purpose
滥用
Paragraph
5
Cloning…
causes
a
great
deal
of
disagreement
and
provokes
strong
emotions…
raise
moral
concerns…
lead
to
cloning
of
other
species,
and
they
worry
about
the
ethical
questions
this
raises.
For
example,
they
wonder
if
clones
should
be
treated
as
objects
or
as
individuals
with
their
own
identity.
Furthermore,
clones
may
be
viewed
as
mere
copies
of
originals
thus
being
seen
as
inferior.
Finally,
they
worry
that
some
organisations
may
abuse
the
technology
for
unethical
purposes.
unethical:
morally
unacceptable
Paragraph
5
moral
concerns
5
clone
other
species
ethical
questions
eg.
clones:
objects
or
individuals
with
identity
eg.
clones:
copies,
inferior
eg.
unethical
purposes
Paragraph
6
So
far,
it
is
still
unknown
what
will
happen
to
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua
as
they
grow
up.
Researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced.
As
Einstein
said,
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument.
How
it
is
used,
whether
it
is
a
blessing
or
a
curse
to
mankind,
depends
on
mankind
and
not
on
the
instrument.
A
knife
is
useful,
but
it
can
also
kill.”
blessing:
something
that
is
good
or
helpful
好事
幸事
Paragraph
6
So
far,
it
is
still
unknown
what
will
happen
to
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua
as
they
grow
up.
Researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced.
As
Einstein
said,
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument.
How
it
is
used,
whether
it
is
a
blessing
or
a
curse
to
mankind,
depends
on
mankind
and
not
on
the
instrument.
A
knife
is
useful,
but
it
can
also
kill.”
curse:
something
that
causes
trouble,
harm
etc
祸因
What
does
Einstein’s
quote
mean?
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument.
How
it
is
used,
whether
it
is
a
blessing
or
a
curse
to
mankind,
depends
on
mankind
and
not
on
the
instrument.
A
knife
is
useful,
but
it
can
also
kill.”
Science
itself
cannot
be
judged
as
good
or
bad,
because
it
can
only
function
when
it
is
used
by
humans.
He
also
indicates
that
humans
need
to
be
careful
with
the
information
they
learn
through
science
and
to
remember
to
use
science
for
good.
a
good
thing
or
something
that
causes
trouble
It
is
unknown
what
will
happened.
Cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced.
conclusion
6
Paragraph
6
Talk
about
cloning.
Use
the
information
in
the
article.
Use
the
map
you’ve
drawn.
Cloning
is
the
process
of
making
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
animal
and
developing
it.
It
can
be
natural
or
artificial.
Identical
twins
and
using
cuttings
from
plants
to
develop
new
plants
are
examples
of
natural
cloning.
The
first
artificially
cloned
mammal
is
the
sheep
Dolly.
It
was
cloned
in
1996.
After
that,
more
than
20
mammal
species
have
been
cloned.
But
they
all
developed
a
similar
pattern
of
health
problems.
The
first
artificially
cloned
primates
are
Zhong
Zhong
and
Hua
Hua,
two
monkeys.
The
work
was
very
complicated
and
challenging.
It
took
the
team
more
than
5
years
to
finally
make
it.
But
it
is
considered
a
huge
breakthrough
that
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases.
However,
cloning
has
raised
moral
concerns.
Many
ethical
questions
have
been
raised.
For
example,
are
clones
objects
or
individuals
with
identity?
What
if
the
technology
is
abused
by
some
organizations?
Researchers
insist
that
we
should
further
explore
and
advance
the
science
of
cloning.
But
we
should
also
prevent
the
ethical
problems
from
happening.
Homework
P54
Ex.
10
Complete
the
summary
using
the
information
in
the
article.
LESSON
1
TO
CLONE
OR
NOT
TO
CLONE
（2）
Let’s
check
answers
to
the
homework.
P54
Exercise
10
Complete
the
summary
using
the
information
in
the
article.
Natural
cloning
has
taken
place
for
generations.
An
example
of
this
is
identical
1_____.
A
sheep
called
Dolly
was
the
first
mammal
to
be
cloned
2__________.
Since
Dolly,
more
than
20
mammal
3_______
have
been
cloned
including
camels
and
goats.
In
2018,
China
announced
that
two
monkeys
had
been
cloned.
In
comparison
with
other
species,
scientists
have
had
to
work
hard
to
break
the
technical
4_______
to
get
primates
with
5_______
genes.
twins
artificially
species
barriers
edited
Scientists
say
that
this
major
breakthrough
offers
the
6________
to
create
monkeys
with
7__________
genes
to
give
more
8________
research
results
and
perhaps
lead
to
9_____
for
various
diseases.
Whilst
(While)
scientists
insist
it
is
10______
to
continue
research,
others
raise
11_____
concerns
and
worry
that
the
technology
might
be
12______
by
some
organizations.
potential
identical
accurate
cures
crucial
moral
abused
Go
over
the
article
again
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.
Why
do
researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced?
2.
What
is
the
writer’s
attitude
towards
cloning?
Find
evidence.
1.
Why
do
researchers
insist
that
the
science
of
cloning
should
be
further
explored
and
advanced?
Para.
3:
to
get
animals
with
edited
genes
and
produce
animal
models
that
are
helpful
for
medical
research
and
human
health.
Para.
4:
a
huge
breakthrough
that
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
and
may
also
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process…
change
their
genes
to
suit
research
needs…
save
research
time…
produce
more
accurate
results…
more
effective
treatments.
Researchers
insist
on
exploring
cloning
to
continue
making
progress
in
curing
diseases
and
developing
treatments.
2.
What
is
the
writer’s
attitude
towards
cloning?
Find
evidence.
The
writer
feels
that
cloning
can
be
a
helpful
tool
in
medical
research
but
that
it
can
also
become
dangerous.
Evidence
of
this
is
in
the
writer’s
use
of
Einstein’s
quote.
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument.
How
it
is
used,
whether
it
is
a
blessing
or
a
curse
to
mankind,
depends
on
mankind
and
not
on
the
instrument.
A
knife
is
useful,
but
it
can
also
kill.”
Evidence
can
be
found
in
the
rest
part
of
the
article.
To
clone
or
not
to
clone
definition
1
natural
cloning
1
artificial
cloning
2-4
cloned
mammals
2
cloned
primates
3
the
significance
of
cloning
of
primates
4
moral
concerns
5
conclusion
6
After
reading
this
article,
do
you
think
cloning
is
a
good
idea?
Use
what
you
have
learnt
to
try
to
persuade
someone
to
accept
your
point
of
view.
It’s
a
good
idea:
the
potential
of
cloning
scientists’
devotion
Einstein’s
quote
It’s
a
bad
idea:
clones’
health
problems
moral
concerns
Einstein’s
quote
Cloning
is
a
good
idea.
Cloning
might
lead
to
cures
for
various
diseases
and
may
also
offer
clues
on
how
to
prevent
the
aging
process.
Besides,
cloning
can
change
animals’
genes
to
suit
research
needs
so
as
to
save
research
time,
produce
more
accurate
results
and
lead
to
more
effective
treatments.
At
the
same
time,
it
also
reduces
the
number
of
animals
required
for
testing.
So
it
benefits
not
only
mankind
but
also
animals
in
a
way.
According
to
Einstein,
science
is
just
a
tool.
So,
we
should
regulate
the
way
we
use
tools
instead
of
giving
them
up.
Cloning
is
a
bad
idea.
Clones
always
develop
a
similar
pattern
of
health
problems
and
die
at
an
early
age,
which
is
an
unsolved
problem.
Besides,
cloning
raises
moral
concerns.
Some
believe
it
is
bound
to
lead
to
cloning
of
other
species.
The
identity
of
clones
is
also
questioned.
Are
they
objects
or
individuals
with
identity?
Will
the
technology
be
abused
by
some
organizations?
According
to
Einstein,
used
in
a
wrong
way,
useful
tools
can
also
kill.
So,
we
should
stop
cloning
so
as
to
avoid
the
potential
problems.
“Science
is
a
powerful
instrument.
How
it
is
used,
whether
it
is
a
blessing
or
a
curse
to
mankind,
depends
on
mankind
and
not
on
the
instrument.
A
knife
is
useful,
but
it
can
also
kill.”
According
to
Einstein,
…
According
to
Einstein,
science
is
just
a
tool.
So,
we
should
regulate
the
way
we
use
tools
instead
of
giving
them
up.
According
to
Einstein,
used
in
a
wrong
way,
useful
tools
can
also
kill.
So,
we
should
stop
cloning
so
as
to
avoid
the
potential
problems.
Different
interpretations
of
the
same
quotation.
Focus
on
Language
The
Perfect
完成时
present
perfect
现在完成时
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行时
past
perfect
过去完成时
past
perfect
continuous
过去完成进行时
形式
+
意义
Identify
the
tense
of
the
sentences.
P55
Ex.
11
The
forms
(形式)：
present
perfect
现在完成时
have
/
has
done
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行时
have
/
has
been
doing
past
perfect
过去完成时
had
done
past
perfect
continuous
过去完成进行时
had
been
doing
1.
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
2.
Gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant…
3.
For
years,
there
had
been
attempts
to
clone
animals.
4.
Cloning
primates
has
been
proved
to
be
“much
harder”
than
cloning
other
species.
5.
Dr.
Sun
Qiang
said
they
had
been
wholly
devoted
to
the
research…
6.
Dr.
Sun
Qiang
said
they
had
been
taking
care
of
more
than
1,000
monkeys
24
hours
a
day,
7
days
a
week…
(P55
Ex.
11)
1.
Natural
cloning
has
been
going
on
for
generations.
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行时
2.
Gardeners
have
been
using
a
form
of
cloning
when
they
take
a
cutting
from
a
plant…
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行时
3.
For
years,
there
had
been
attempts
to
clone
animals.
past
perfect
过去完成时
4.
Cloning
primates
has
been
proved
to
be
“much
harder”
than
cloning
other
species.
present
perfect
passive
voice
现在完成时
被动语态
5.
Dr.
Sun
Qiang
said
they
had
been
wholly
devoted
to
the
research…
past
perfect
passive
voice
过去完成时
被动语态
6.
Dr.
Sun
Qiang
said
they
had
been
taking
care
of
more
than
1,000
monkeys
24
hours
a
day,
7
days
a
week.
past
perfect
continuous
过去完成进行时
The
meanings
(意义)：
present
perfect
现在完成时
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行
past
perfect
过去完成时
past
perfect
continuous
过去完成进行时
现在完成时
present
perfect
tense
1.
I
___________
(learn)
English
for
over
10
years.
2.
Tom
__________
(not
be)
home
since
he
was
a
boy.
3.
Recently
she
__________
(arrive)
from
New
York.
4.
______
they
______
(find)
the
missing
child
yet?
直到现在
已经完成
hasn’t
been
have
learned
has
arrived
Have
found
现在完成时
present
perfect
tense
1.
I
___________
(learn)
English
for
over
10
years.
2.
Tom
__________
(not
be)
home
since
he
was
a
boy.
3.
Recently
she
__________
(arrive)
from
New
York.
4.
______
they
______
(find)
the
missing
child
yet?
直到现在
已经完成
hasn’t
been
have
learned
has
arrived
Have
found
already,
yet,
never,
ever,
so
far
过去完成时
past
perfect
tense
1.
We
cleared
up
as
soon
as
our
guests
_______
(leave).
2.
The
boy
loved
the
zoo.
They
____
never
_____
(see)
wild
animals
before.
3.
I
began
collecting
stamps
in
February
and
by
November
I
____________
(collect)
more
than
2,000.
较早的过去
已经完成
had
left
had
seen
had
collected
过去完成时
past
perfect
tense
1.
We
cleared
up
as
soon
as
our
guests
_______
(leave).
2.
The
boy
loved
the
zoo.
They
____
never
_____
(see)
wild
animals
before.
3.
I
began
collecting
stamps
in
February
and
by
November
I
____________
(collect)
more
than
2,000.
较早的过去
已经完成
had
left
had
seen
had
collected
never,
already,
yet
现在完成时、过去完成时
1.
Juliet
was
excited
because
she
____
never
_____
(be)
to
a
dance
before.
2.
He
_____________
(not
finish)
by
yesterday
evening.
3.
I
___________
(plant)
14
roses
so
far
this
morning.
4.
I
_____
already
______
(pass)
my
driving
test.
直到现在
已经完成
较早的过去
已经完成
had
been
hadn’t
finished
have
passed
have
planted
现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时
1.
She
is
very
tired.
She
______________
(type)
letters
all
day.
2.
She
was
very
tired.
She
______________
(type)
letters
all
day.
3.
Jim
_______________
(phone)
Jenny
every
night
for
the
last
week.
4.
Jenny
was
annoyed.
Jim
_______________
(phone)
her
every
night
for
a
whole
week.
has
been
typing
had
been
phoning
has
been
phoning
had
been
typing
持续
重复
Group
1
1.
My
hands
are
very
dirty.
I
have
been
repairing
the
car.
2.
The
car
is
OK
again
now.
I
have
repaired
it.
Identify
the
tenses
and
work
out
the
meanings.
现在完成进行时
现在完成时
Group
2
1.
She
has
been
smoking
too
much
recently.
She
should
smoke
less.
2.
Somebody
has
smoked
all
my
cigarettes.
The
packet
is
empty.
现在完成进行时
现在完成时
动作、持续
结果、完成
动作、持续
结果、完成
Identify
the
tenses
and
match
the
sentences
with
the
pictures.
1.
When
I
got
home,
I
found
that
Kevin
had
been
painting
his
house.
2.
When
I
got
home,
I
found
that
Kevin
had
painted
his
house.
A
B
A
B
过去完成进行时
过去完成时
动作、持续
结果、完成
Identify
the
tenses
and
match
the
sentences
with
the
pictures.
1.
Daisy
had
been
writing
letters
all
day
yesterday.
2.
Daisy
had
written
18
letters
by
7
p.m.
yesterday.
过去完成进行时
过去完成时
A
B
动作、持续
结果、完成
A
B
The
meanings
(意义)：
present
perfect
现在完成时
present
perfect
continuous
现在完成进行
past
perfect
过去完成时
past
perfect
continuous
过去完成进行时
时间
完成时：结果、完成
截止点
时间点、动作
完成进行时：动作、持续/重复
较早的过去
已经完成
直到现在
已经完成
1.
I’m
tired.
We
________________
(walk)
for
more
than
an
hour.
Let’s
stop
and
rest
for
a
while.
2.
A:
Is
the
post
office
far
from
here?
B:
Not
at
all.
I
______________
(walk)
there
many
times.
3.
We
couldn’t
open
the
door
because
it
________________
(snow)
heavily
all
night.
4.
She
looked
shocked
and
she
said
she
__________
(see)
a
UFO.
have
been
walking
have
walked
had
been
snowing
had
seen
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
proper
form
of
the
words
in
brackets.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
proper
form
of
the
words
in
brackets.
5.
John
decided
to
complain
as
his
neighbours
______________
(have)
parties
every
day
for
two
weeks.
It
was
unbearably
noisy.
6.
Jill
looked
great—she
_________
(lose)
a
few
pounds
and
_________
(put
on)
a
smart
evening
dress.
7.
I
____________
(read)
this
chapter
in
my
chemistry
text
three
times,
but
I
still
don’t
understand
it!
8.
I
________________________
(live)
here
for
only
a
short
while.
So
I
don’t
know
this
place
very
well.
have
been
living/have
lived
have
read
had
been
having
had
lost
had
put
on
Complete
the
passage
with
the
proper
form
of
the
words
in
brackets.
(Page
55
Ex.
12)
On
Thursday,
the
Institute
of
Neuroscience
announced
it
1)___________
(clone)
two
monkeys
using
non-reproductive
cells.
It
is
reported
that
researchers
all
around
the
world
2)___________________
(conduct)
tests
on
animals
such
as
mice
and
dogs
for
many
years,
but
couldn’t
find
a
way
to
clone
monkeys.
The
news
of
the
successful
cloning
3)___________
(attract)
attention
from
around
the
world.
However,
cloning
primates
4)______________
(also
raise)
ethical
concerns.
For
example,
some
people
5)______
______________(discuss)
issues
concerning
how
clones
will
be
treated
in
society.
had
cloned
have
been
conducting
has
attracted
has
also
raised
been
discussing
have
Homework
P68
Ex.
1
P88
Ex.
1
P89
Ex.
4