Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?暑假复习讲义与练习(含答案)

2020-2021学年人教新目标英语
八年级下册暑假复习Unit
3
讲义与练习(含答案)
一、单词默写：
1.垃圾；废弃物______________
2.倒垃圾______________
3.折叠；对折______________
4.扫；打扫______________
5.地板______________
6.杂乱；不整洁______________
7.扔；掷______________
8.频繁；反复______________
9.也不；两者都不______________
10.衬衫______________
11.一......就......______________
12.给；递；走过；通过______________
13.借；借用______________
14.借给；借出______________
15.手指______________
16.厌恶；讨厌______________
17.杂务；乏味无聊的工作___________
18.与......同时；当......的时候；然而______
19.点心；小吃；快餐______________
20.精神压力；心理负担______________
21.浪费；垃圾；滥用______________
22.目的是；为了______________
23.提供；供应______________
24.而且；加之______________
25.依靠；信赖______________
26.依靠；信赖______________
27.发展；壮大______________
28.独立______________
29.公正性；合理性______________
30.因为；既然；从......以后；自......以来_
31.邻居______________
32.照顾；处理______________
33.有病；不舒服______________
34.落下；掉下______________
35.独立的；自主的______________
36.合理的；公正的______________
37.不合理的；不公正的______________
二、短语翻译：
1.搭便车______________
2.出去吃晚饭______________
3.闲逛______________
4.反复；频繁______________
5.一……就……______________
6.至少______________
7.随时；马上______________
8.洗餐具______________
9.打扫客厅______________
10.铺床______________
11.倒垃圾______________
12.折衣服______________
13.浪费……______________
14.目的是______________
15.照顾；照看______________
16.结果______________
17.帮忙做......______________
18.对......生气______________
19.惊奇地______________
20.顶嘴______________
21.提供......给......______________
22.积极参与做......______________
23.依靠______________
24.生病______________
25.在外面待得晚______________
三、句型必背：
1.
—Could
you
please
sweep
the
floor?
—Yes,
sure.
2.
—Could
I
use
your
computer?
—Sorry.
I’m
going
to
work
on
it
now.
3.Housework
is
a
waste
of
their
time.
4.There
is
no
need
for
them
to
do
it
now.
5.I
do
not
mind
doing
them.
6.
The
minute
I
sat
down
in
front
of
the
TV,
my
mom
came
over.
7.
For
one
week,
she
did
not
do
any
housework
and
neither
did
I.
My
mom
came
over
as
soon
as
I
sat
down
in
front
of
the
TV.
Could
you
lend
me
some
money?
8.It
is
the
parents’
job
to
provide
a
clean
and
comfortable
environment
at
home
for
their
children.
9.
—Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
—Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
10.
—
Could
we
get
something
to
drink
after
the
movie?
—
No,
you
can’t.
You
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
11.
—Could
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?
—OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
12.Since
they
live
in
one
house
with
their
parents,they
should
know
that
everyone
should
do
their
part
in
keeping
it
clean
and
tidy.
13.
I
think
it
is
important
for
children
to
learn
how
to
do
chores
and
help
their
parents
with
housework.
14.
The
earlier
kids
learn
to
be
independent,
the
better
it
is
for
their
future.
四、经典解读：
1.Peter,
could
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
①Could
you
please...?意为“你能……吗？”，could在此表示一种委婉的语气，please后接动词原形，肯定回答用Sure/Of
course/Certainly；否定回答用Sorry...并给出理由，也可用...can’t/mustn’t。
例句：—Could
you
please
help
me
with
my
homework?
—Sure./Of
course./Certainly./Sorry,
I
can’t.
I’m
busy
now.
②take
out意为“带出去”，代词作宾语时，要放在take和out之间。
例句：The
rubbish
is
too
much,
Take
it
out.
2.Could
I
at
least
finish
watching
this
show?
①at
least表示“至少”，反义词为at
most“至多”。
例句：The
ticket
cost
at
least
200
yuan.
②finish意为“完成、做好”，后接动词作宾语时，要用doing的形式。
例句：When
will
you
finish
reading
the
book?
3.
Yes,
because
Mom
will
be
back
from
shopping
any
minute
now.
(P.
18)
①be
back意为“回来”，相当于come
back，前者侧重指状态，后者侧重指动作。
例句：She
has
been
back
for
two
days.
例句：You
came
back
very
late
last
night.
②any
minute
now随时；马上
4.And
she
won’t
be
happy
if
she
sees
this
mess.
mess用作名词，表示“杂乱、不整洁”，常用的短语为：make
a
mess“搞得一团糟”；in
a
mess“一团糟”。
例句：The
kids
make
a
mess
in
the
room.
例句：The
room
is
in
a
mess.
5.The
minute
I
sat
down
in
front
of
the
TV,
my
mom
came
over.
(P.
19)
①the
minute意为“一……就”，用来引导时间状语从句，相当于the
moment或者as
soon
as。
例句：I
want
to
see
her
the
minute
she
arrives.
②come
over意为“过来”。
例句：Can
you
come
over
tomorrow?
6.You
watch
TV
all
the
time
and
never
help
out
around
the
house!
all
the
time意为“反复、总是”，强调某段时间内一直在进行和发生的事情。
例句：He
has
two
sons.
They
fight
all
the
time.
7.For
one
week,
she
did
not
do
any
housework
and
neither
did
I.
①neither
did
I是“Neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示前者所描述的否定情况同样适用于后者，neither在此用作副词，表示“也不”。
例句：—I
don’t
like
this
dress.
—Neither
do
I.
②如果表示前者所描述的肯定定情况同样适用于后者，用so
do
I句型。
例句：—I
can
swim.
—So
can
I
8.My
mom
came
over
as
soon
as
I
sat
down
in
front
of
the
TV.
as
soon
as引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，要遵从“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
例句：I
will
go
as
soon
as
she
arrives.
9.Could
you
please
pass
me
the
salt?
pass
sb.
sth.相当于pass
sth.
to
sb.“把某物递给某人”。
例句：Pass
me
the
book,
please.=Pass
the
book
to
me
please.
10.Could
I
borrow
that
book?
borrow此处是及物动词，表示“借进来”，反义词是lend，borrow...from...“从……借入……”。
例句：I
often
borrow
books
from
the
library.
例句：You
can
borrow
some
money
from
your
elder
brother.
11.Could
you
lend
me
some
money?(P.
20)
lend表示“借出去”，与borrow“借进来”相对，常用的结构为：lend
sb.
sth.=lend
sth.
to
sb.
“把某物借给某人”。
例句：He
often
lends
others
his
car.=He
often
lend
his
car
to
others.
12.Housework
is
a
waste
of
their
time.
a
waste
of意为“浪费……”，其中waste是名词，意为“浪费”。
例句：Playing
computer
games
is
a
waste
of
time.
13.The
should
spend
their
time
on
schoolwork
in
order
to
get
good
grades
and
get
into
a
good
university.
①
sb.
spend+时间/金钱+on
sth.
“在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”
例句：The
man
spent
the
whole
day
on
his
speech.
②
sb.
spend+时间+(in)
doing
sth.
“花费多长时间做某事”
例句：The
boy
has
spent
two
hours
playing
the
computer
games.
③in
order
to意为“为了……”后面跟动词不定式，作目的状语。in
order
to可位于句中或者句首.否定式为：in
order
not
to
do
sth.
。
例句：He
got
up
early
in
order
to
catch
the
first
bus.
例句：In
order
not
to
make
his
mother
angry,
he
decided
to
give
up
playing
computer
games.
14.
Also,
when
they
get
older,
they
will
have
to
do
housework
so
there
is
no
need
for
them
to
do
it
now.
there
is
no
need
for
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“对某人来说没有必要做某事”。
例句：There
is
no
need
for
you
to
get
up
so
early.
15.
It
is
the
parents’
job
to
provide
a
clean
and
comfortable
environment
at
home
for
their
children.
①It
is+名词+to
do
sth.表示“做某事是……”，其中的it为形式主语，后边的动词不定式才是真正的主语。
It’s
my
job
to
look
after
you.
②provide表示“提供”时，常用的结构为：provide
sb.
with
sth.或者provide
sth.
for
sth.“为某人提供某物”；
例句：The
government
provided
a
lot
of
food
and
clothes
for
the
flooded
area.
(受洪灾地区)
=The
government
provided
the
flooded
area
with
a
lot
of
food
and
clothes.
16.Any
anyway,
I
think
doing
chores
is
not
so
difficult.
(P.
22)
①anyway用作副词，表示“而且、加之”，也可以表示“即使这样、无论如何”。
例句：It’s
expensive
and
anyway
the
size
is
too
small.
例句：Anyway,
we
should
have
a
try.
②doing
chores是动名词，在句中用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
例句：Doing
morning
exercise
is
good
for
us.
17.I
think
it
is
important
for
children
to
learn
how
to
do
chores
and
help
their
parents
with
housework.
①本句结构为“It’s+adj.+for
sb.+to
do
sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy,
important,
dangerous,
necessary等。
例句：It
is
important
for
you
to
study
hard.
例句：It
is
not
easy
to
learn
a
foreign
language.
②how
to
do
chores是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作learn的宾语，动词不定式常与what,
who,
how,
where,
when等特殊疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
例句：When
to
start
is
not
decided
yet.
例句：The
question
is
what
to
do
next.
18.Children
these
days
depend
on
their
parents
too
much.
depend
on/upon意为“取决于……；由……决定；依靠”
例句：You
can
accept
or
refuse
the
gift.
It
depends
on
your
personal
choice.
例句：We
shouldn’t
always
depend
on
our
parents.
19.Doing
chores
helps
to
develop
children’s
independence
and
teaches
them
how
to
look
after
themselves.
independence用作不可数名词，表示“独立、自主”，形容词为independent，意为“独立的”。
例句：The?Declaration?of?Independence?was?made?in?America?in?1776.?
20.Since
they
live
in
one
house
with
their
parents,
they
should
know
that
everyone
should
do
their
part
in
keeping
it
clean
and
tidy.
①since此处表示“因为、既然”，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。
例句：Since
you
don’t
know
the
boy,
I
will
ask
someone
else.
②do
one’s
part
in
(doing)
sth.意为“尽自己的职责去做某事”。
例句：The
president
asked
every
citizen
to
do
his
part
in
saving
water.
21.As
a
result,
he
often
fell
ill
and
his
grades
dropped.
as
a
result意为“因此、结果”，在句中作状语；as
a
result
of表示“由于”，后接名词或者代词，相当于because
of。
例句：He
got
up
very
late
today.
As
a
result,
he
missed
the
first
bus.
例句：He
was
late
as
a
result
of
the
heavy
rain.
22.The
earlier
kids
learn
to
be
independent,
the
better
it
is
for
their
future.
本句为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……越……”。
例句：The
harder
you
study,
the
better
grades
you
can
get.
例句：The
longer
the
war
lasts,
the
more
the
people
there
will
suffer.
五、单元语法：
情态动词could
的用法
1.礼貌地提出要求
1).句型“Could
you
do......?/Could
you
please
do......”意为“请你做.......好吗?或麻烦你做......好吗?”
例句：—Could
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
—Yes,sure.
2).对于这种请求的肯定与否定回答的常用语。
(1)肯定回答：Certainly./Of
course./With
pleasure./No
problem./Yes,sure.
(2)否定回答：No,I
can’t./Certainly
not./No,I’m
afraid
I
can’t.
2.表示请求许可
1).句型“Could
I
do......?”意为“让我做......好吗?”或“我可以做......吗?”。
例句：—Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
—Sure,that
should
be
OK./No,you
can’t.You
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
2).用“Could
I
do......?”表示请求对方准许时，对方回答不能用could,而要用can。
例句：—Could
I
use
your
bicycle?
—Yes,of
course
you
can.
六、单元话题：
1.话题分析
本单元的话题是“Chores
and
permission(家务琐事与许可）”，该话题贴近学生生活，与学生的日常生活息息相关，常见的是描述自己做过的家务劳动，以及对家务的看法或观点。
2.写作内容
要求根据文字提示介绍自己做过的家务劳动，并就此发表关于学生做家务的观点或看法，或者针对父母有关做家务的情况，发表自己的观点和看法。
3.经典例题
做家务是每个家庭成员应尽的义务。平时你帮父母做哪些家务？在做家务的过程中有什么体会？今年寒假期间你做了什么家务？有何感受？请你根据下列提示词写一篇英文短文，词数80词左右。
提示词：do
chores,
learn
to
do
sth.
,
boring,
tiring,
unforgettable
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.优秀范文
When
I’m
free,
I
often
help
my
parents
do
chores
like
doing
the
dishes,
cleaning
the
rooms
and
watering
flowers.
By
doing
these
things,
I’ve
learned
to
take
good
care
of
myself
and
my
family.
Housework
is
boring
and
tiring,
but
I
really
feel
happy
to
do
something
for
my
family.
Sometimes
doing
housework
can
be
enjoyable.
It
is
also
a
kind
of
exercise.
During
the
winter
vacation,
I
cooked
some
delicious
food
for
my
family.
It
took
me
more
than
one
hour
to
finish
the
cooking.
We
enjoyed
the
dinner
while
watching
TV.
It
was
really
an
unforgettable
experience.
I
think
we
all
should
help
do
what
we
can
in
our
family.
七、牛刀小试：
I.单项选择。
1.It’s
dangerous
for
children_______the
dog.
A.
play
B.
to
play
C.
play
with
D.
to
play
with
2.
—Mom,
could
I
go
shopping
with
you?
—Yes,
you_______.But
you
must
finish
your
homework
first.
A.
could
B.
can
C.
can’t
D.
couldn’t
3.—Could
I_______your
bike?
—Sorry,
I_______it
to
Jim
yesterday.
A.
borrow；lent
B.
lend；borrowed
C.
lend；lent
D.
borrow；borrowed
4.
Could
you
please_______
my
pet
dog
when
I'm
out?
A.
take
care
of
B.
wash
C.
work
on
D.
water
5.
—Could
you
please
take
out
the
trash?
—_______.
A.
Not
at
all
B.
You’re
welcome
C.
No
way
D.
No
problem
6.He
didn’t
finish_______the
room.
A.
clean
B.
cleaned
C.
cleaning
D.
cleans
7.He
is_______to
finish
the
difficult
work.
A.
enough
confident
B.
confident
enough
C.
enough
confidence
D.
confidence
enough
8.
Don’t
forget_______the
lights
when
you
leave
the
classroom.
A.
to
turn
off　
B.
turning
off　　
C.
turn
off　
D.
turned
off
9.
My
mother
stopped_______to
me
because
there
was
a
call
for
her.
A.
to
say
B.
to
talk
C.
saying
D.
talking
10.I
never
go
to
school
late,_______.
A.
so
does
Tom
B.
neither
does
Tom
C.
so
Tom
does
D.
neither
Tom
does
II.完形填空。
Washing
clothes,
making
the
bed,
and
cooking…these
were
impossible
for
Liang
Jingwei
before.
But
after
taking
some
living
skill
classes,
it's___1___for
this
12-year-old
student.
“At
one
time,
my
parents
had
to___2___me
do
these
things.
But
now,
I
can
do
it
all
by___3___,”
he
said.
At
Liang's
school,
students
take
a
one-week-long___4___：eight
students
live
in
a
room
to
learn
living
skills.
“Many
of
them
have
never
done
these
chores
at
home.
They
have
no___5___about
these
living
skills.
These
classes
make
up
for
that,
and
they
learned
something___6___,”
said
Zhang
Jing,
Liang's
teacher.
Zhang
Yuanfan,
12,
got
better
at
cutting
vegetables
by
making
sushi.
She
can___7___cucumbers
and
carrots
into
very
thin
pieces.
But
to
keep
those
skills,
she___8___every
day.
“It's
not
easy.I___9___my
mother
better
now，”
she
said.
Now,
she
often
makes
sushi
at
home.
“These
classes
also
help
students___10___their
life，”
Chen
Siyu,
Zhang's
cooking
teacher
said.
1.
A.
important
B.
different
C.
easy
D.
great
2.
A.
ask
B.
call
C.
make
D.
help
3.
A.
him
B.
them
C.
myself
D.
her
4.
A.
vacation
B.
plan
C.
trip
D.
class
5.
A.
dreams
B.
ideas
C.
news
D.
ways
6.
A.
helpful
B.
interesting
C.
difficult
D.
new
7.
A.
cut
B.
put
C.
take
D.
let
8.
A.
learns
B.
practices
C.
Works
D.
listens
9.
A.
love
B.
know
C.
understand
D.
wish
10.
A.
enjoy
B.
make
C.
meet
D.
visit
III.根据句意和汉语提示完成句子。
1.
It’s
the
parents’
job
to
_______
(提供)
a
clean
environment
at
home
for
their
children.
2.
Doing
chores
helps
________
(培养)
children’s
independence.
3.
He
lives
next
to
me.
He
is
my
________（邻居）.
4.
My
computer
is
broken.
Could
I
________
(借)
yours?
5.
My
friend
________
(邀请)
me
to
go
to
his
parents’
house.
6.
Please
take
out
the
________（垃圾）.
7.
Can
you
________（折叠）the
clothes
for
his
mother?
8.
Let's
________（打扫）the
floor.
It's
too
dirty.
9.
I
hate
to
do
the
_______（洗碗）after
supper.
10.
Cooking
is
boring.
I
_______（讨厌）to
do
it.
IV.根据所给汉语提示完成英语句子，每空一词。
1．为了取得好的成绩，我在学习上花费了大量的时间。
I
spend
much
time
on
schoolwork
________
________
to
get
good
glades.
2．我不认为干家务活是浪费时间。
I
don’t
think
doing
the
housework
is
________
________
of
time.
3．请你把这个箱子拿出去好吗？
Could
you
________
________
the
box?
4．请记得整理你的床铺。
Please
remember
to
________
your
_________.
5．现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。
The
children
these
days
________
________
their
parents
too
much.
答案
一、单词默写：略
二、短语翻译：
1.get
a
ride
2.go
out
for
dinner
3.
hang
out
4.
all
the
time
5.
as
soon
as
6.
at
least
7.
any
minute
now
8.
do
the
dishes
9.
clean
the
living
room
10.
make
the
bed
11.take
out
the
rubbish
12.fold
your
clothes
13.
a
waste
of
14.
in
order
to
15.
take
care
of
16.
as
a
result
17.help
out
with
18.be
angry
with
19.in
surprise
20.shout
back
21.provide
sth.
for
sb.
22.do
one’s
part
in
doing
23.depend
on
24.fall
ill
25.stay
out
late
六、牛刀小试：
I.1-5DBAAD
6-10CBADB
II.1-5CDCDB
6-10AABCA
III.1.
provide
2.
develop
3.
neighbor
4.
borrow
5.
invited
6.
rubbish
7.
fold
8.
sweep
9.
dishes
10.
hate
IV.1.
in
order
2.
a
waste
3.
take
out
4.
make
bed
5.
depend
on