湖南省长沙市怡雅中学2020-2021学年九年级下学期英语入学考试试卷
（2021九下·长沙开学考）通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
As time went by, many things were forgotten. However, I could 1． remember years back during my first day in the 5th grade. I transferred(转学) to a local school for boys. I was a new student then. Life was really 2． for my parents because of a higher schooling fee(费用).
At school, we were 3． to wear a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops. And at the top of this pocket should be worn a name tag(标签). This tag was sold at the school 4． , too. To 5． added cost, mom decided to make the tag herself by hand.
"This would do, and you can have a try." she said. "OK, Mom." I was not ready to wear it. I thought it was different. At school, boys looked at my tag and some 6． it. "Your helper sure did an ugly job." And another added. "How strange it is! At least it caught our 7． . I knew it. At first, I tried to cover it and forgot it. But at last I understood that it didn't matter if I was different from others who wore the machine- made tags.
I realized it should not stop me from doing my best 8． we have differences in the culture or economic(经济) situation. What is true is that Mom 9． much lime making it possible to give the best for me. I should be 10． of it. And I did. I wore this Mom-made tag for the rest of the school year.
1．A．hardly B．clearly C．badly
2．A．difficult B．fascinating C．helpful
3．A．trained B．warned C．required
4．A．playground B．shops C．library
5．A．cut B．increase C．divide
6．A．made use of B．made friends with C．made fun of
7．A．attention B．influence C．expression
8．A．even though B．so that C．as if
9．A．spent B．cost C．took
10．A．patient B．proud C．polite
11．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
The Information about Some Great Inventions
Invention Wheel Telephone Light bulb Paper
AppearingTime A few thousand Years ago In 1676 In 1979 Around 2,000 years ago
Inventor Unknown Alexander Bell Thomas Edison CaiLun
Inventor'sNationality Unknown American American Chinese
Early Main Material Wood Plastic and metal Glass ant metal Colton or flax(亚麻)
Main Use Making travelling faster Used lot communicating over distances Giving light Used for recording information
（1）According to the chart (图表) above, the latest invention is________.
A．the paper B．the wheel C．the light bulb
（2）Which of the following is NOT TURE according to the form above
A．Both Alexander Bell and Thomas Edison are American.
B．Two of the inventions were mainly made of metal.
C．Two of the inventions appeared in the 18th century.
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
The following news is fromChina Daily (www.chinadaily.com) which covers different fields.
J. K. Rowling Publishes New Story Online The famous English writer J. K. Rowling said on Tuesday. "I'm producing a new story called The Ickabog which will be free to read online." It's the first children's book by J. K. Rowling, since she finished Harry Potter in 2007.
China Sends Beidou Successfully China sent the last satellite of Beidou into space on Tuesday. The satellite is the 59th in the Beidou family. It marks the completion (完成) of Beidou, one of the networks around the world, along with the United States' GPS. Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo.
The Vaccines May Be Ready Many countries are developing the vaccines for COVID-19 (新型冠状病毒肺炎) by different methods. Some arc even going through the final step to decide how well the vaccine works and if it's safe. With more than 160 possible vaccines under study, experts hope that vaccine may be ready by the end of 2020.
12．Galileo is a ________.
A．satellite B．network C．scientist
13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the given information
A．TheIckabog is the first children's book by J. K. Rowling.
B．There are 59 satellites in China's Beidou network.
C．The vaccines for COVID-19 are ready in many countries now.
14．Which one will Mark read first if he is interested in public health
A．J. K. Rowling Publishes New Story Online.
B．China Sends Beidou Successfully.
C．The Vaccines May Be Ready.
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Do you have the experience of taking a class online Today taking a class online becomes a more and more popular way of learning for not only students but also many other people on work. However taking a class online is quite different from sitting in a classroom. Without the usual class time and in-person interactions (互动), it can be difficult to focus on the material and assignments (作业). Below are useful Online Success Strategies to use when taking an online course for the first time, or to review even if you've taken online courses before.
Making Time Set aside (留出) a specific study time each week, and make this a time that you honor and commit to every week.
Having Your Learning Space Have adedicatedstudy space with reliable (可靠的) internet. Maybe this is your home, or a relative's home. It could be a public space, such as a cafe. Whatever it is. make it work for you, and try to minimize distractions (分心). This will be your "classroom".
Thinking About Your Goals Develop your study goals. What do you want to get from your course Maybe you want to improve your study, or learn new skills. Whatever this goal is, write it down ahead of the course and focus on it during your course.
Do Your Work Complete all of your assignments and projects on time.
Start Early Do not wait until the last minute to complete assignments!
Online learning allows you to be responsible for your own success. At last, it is up to you to stay organized, manage your time, ask questions, and complete all coursework on time.
15．What makes taking a class online be different from sitting in a classroom
A．There aren't the usual class time or in-person interactions for both learning methods.
B．There is neither the usual class time nor in-person interactions for taking a class online.
C．There are the usual class time and in-person interactions for both learning methods.
16．Who may learn Online Success Strategies according to this passage
A．Those who take an online course for the first time.
B．Those who have taken online courses before.
C．Not only those who take an online course for the first time but also those who have taken online courses before.
17．How many Online Success Strategies does this passage talk about
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six.
18．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "dedicated"
A．宽敞的 B．舒适的 C．专用的
19．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________.
A．with these strategies you can be sure to be successful
B．it is yourself who can decide on the success
C．It's not necessary to write down the goal
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A young college student thought that he chose the wrong major(专业) at a common college, so he drank every day and didn't study at all. He became more and morefrustrated.
But he never missed Professor Yang's biology class. He liked the course. Besides, Yang's class was so interesting that he always listened carefully, never caring about whether the other students were paying attention or not in class.
Once he put a note in the homework he handed in. saying "Professor, it is said that today's college students are cheaper than potatoes. Do you agree "
That day Professor Yang called for him after class. When he came, he found the professor at a table with food on it. They drank happily over their meal.
When they became half drunk, the professor presented a small potato that was sprouting (发芽的). "Do you know how much this costs " lie asked the young man. " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free." He then threw the potato away.
The professor then showed him another potato. It was half the size of a football and perfectly round. "This potato is organic (有机的). It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive."
The young man was impressed by what he had heard. "Be such a potato," said the professor.
20．What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph
A．兴奋的 B．受挫的 C．满足的
21．Why did he never miss Professor Yang's biology class
A．Because lie liked biology.
B．Because he could get high grades in Yang's class.
C．Because he wanted to be a top student.
22．What does "potatoes" refer to(指的是)in "college students are cheaper than potatoes"
A．Useless things. B．Expensive things. C．Delicious things.
23．According to the passage, we can infer (推断) that________.
A．people would buy the small and sprouting potatoes
B．people would buy the organic potatoes
C．people would buy the sort and poisonous potatoes
24．What is the best title for this story
A．Biology class, B．College life. C．Be the best potato.
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, people have been used to their new work situation. But what if your job is to control a mufti-billion-dollar space rover (探测车) on a planet—Mars nearly 200 million km away from Earth
A team of NASA scientists is doing just that. In order to follow social distancing rules these scientists have had to work from home. But they've still found ways to work together and take care of the complex (复杂的) tasks that are needed to keep the Curiosity rover working on Mars.
Their work-from-home setups (装配) took much like home office setups. They use ordinary (普通) computers. But instead of working on spreadsheets (电子制表), these scientists arc programming complex sequences (序列) of instructions that are then sent to the rover. These instructions allowed the rover to find a rock sample (样本 in a location on Mars called "Edinburgh".
Usually, the team's 20 scientists work together by communicating through apps or video meetings. One scientist might have to follow 15 message channels (通道)at once.
NASA gave the scientists headsets (耳机) monitors and other equipment to allow them to do their jobs from home. However, the goggles (眼镜) they usually use to analyze (分析) pictures from Mars could not be sent out. So they have to depend on red-and-blue glass lenses (镜片) instead.
But difficulties like these have not been a problem for the scientists. In fact, getting used to changing situations is "classic, textbook NASA," according to the head of science operations Carrie Bridge. "We're presented with a problem and we find out how to-make things work. Mars isn't standing still for us; we're still exploring." she said.
25．During the outbreak, NASA scientists________.
A．use different computers to work
B．work on spreadsheets
C．are making Curiosity rover work from home
26．Working at home is not convenient for NASA scientists because .
A．they have to use red-and-blue glass lenses
B．they cannot communicate with each other
C．they don't have the equipment to do their jobs
27．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the article
A．Mars is nearly 200 million km away from Earth, v/
B．One scientist might have to contact (联系) with several other scientists at the same lime.
C．NASA scientists can't work together.
28．How do we understand "classic, textbook NASA" in the last paragraph
A．NASA wrote a textbook on how to deal with problems.
B．NASA always finds ways to deal with new situations.
C．Difficulties are uncommon for NASA
29．What is the story mainly about
A．NASA's project on Mars.
B．The problems NASA faces.
C．How NASA scientists work at home.
30．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文，选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you like eating sushi(寿司) Lift a piece of sushi with chopsticks. Dip(蘸) it in soy sauce (酱油), and then put it in your mouth. It might not be the right way. Eating food the right way can help you better enjoy the food. Let's learn it together!
Keep it fish-side down
Sushi is often made of rice and fish. Many people like to dip the rice side in soy sauce. But if you do this, your sushi will taste too salty. Why Next time you eat sushi, remember to keep it fish-side down.
Don't put wasabi(芥末) Into sauce
Wow, wasabi is spicy(辣)! This green sauce makes fish taste better. You can use your chopsticks to brush(刷) just some of it onto the fish. It will become too spicy and cover up the taste of the sushi.
Sushi used to be a street food in Japan. Eating is with your hands is better than with chopsticks. Wash your hands and you can enjoy the food.
A. Many people don't know how to eat sushi in a right way. B. Eat with your hands. C. This is because the rice absorbs (吸收) the sauce very quickly. D. Is this the way you eat sushi E. It's not a good idea to mix wasabi and soy sauce.
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you know the Start of Autumn It's one of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms (中国传统24节气). It is often around the 8th of August every year.
The period of hot days after the Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer". Because of the decreasing (减少的) rainfalls, it is even more sweltering during this period than during "Major Heal(大暑).
Start of Autumn is an important harvest (收获)time for fanners. There is a saying that goes: "If it rains on the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected."
When it comes to this season, the leaves of the firmiana tree(梧桐树) start to fall, thus there is a saying of "One leaf falls, autumn arrives." When the sun reaches the celestial longitude (经度) of 135 decrees, the summer is passing away and the weather turns cold gradually. People can feel the wind if getting cool and see fogs in the morning.
On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight with what it was at the Start of Summer. If one has lost weight during the summer, then at the beginning of autumn, he or she needs to flesh out(贴秋膘) by eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
There are also many other traditions of the Start of Autumn. For example, In Hangzhou, people eat peaches on the Start of Autumn day. The peach stones (核) are kept until New Year's Eve, People believed that in this way, plagues (瘟疫) could be kept away for the whole year.
31．When is the Start of Autumn every year
32．What is the period of hot days after theStart of Autumn called
33．Will there usually be a good harvest, ifit rains on the day of the Start of Autumn
34．How do people flesh out at the beginningof autumn
35．Why did people keep the peach stones untilNew Year's Eve
36．（2021九下·长沙开学考）通读下面的短文，在空白处填上适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A middle school had major problems with some of its buildings. Susan, the head teacher, (invite) students to share their ideas about to rebuild the school. "We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like. We wanted them (think) of ideas to express their own interests and hopes." she said.
The news spread (wide) after it (report) by a local newspaper.
Students certainly seemed very excited. And some said they couldn't wait for the project to be finally completed at the end this year.
In the beginning, the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off, as the school is in very good location(地点). But teachers and (parent) worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the result.
"This school is of great (important) to the community. And it's necessary that it should continue." said one parent, adding, "it is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process. This gives them the feeling they are more closely connected their school. I really think die school will develop with success."
37．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
⑴我们应该和外国人谈论什么？
If you have a chance to talk with a foreigner, what will you talk about with him or her Maybe you have heard dial ⑵Many westerners do not like to share their own lives or their families with people that they don't know well. Asking an American how much money he or she makes is a thing that you can never do.
When you want to start a conversation with a foreigner, it's better to talk about what you have in common. For example, you'd better ask him about the weather. Then you can talk about some safe topics like sports, movies and music. As you know him or her better, you can begin to talk about more personal topics with him or her.
Of course, there are differences among culture. ⑶Americans are more interested in talking about themselves rather than their families because most of them think that they are special and unique. Besides, some private questions like How much do you weigh or " Do you support Donald Trump or Joe Biden" may cause strong feelings in many Americans. ⑷这些话题不应该在人们初次见面时被谈论。
⑸Knowing the differences between your own culture and another is a good way to know another country. If you know more about what's important to people in their lives, you may find a good topic to talk about.
⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸
38．（2021九下·长沙开学考）随着社会发展，人们对环境的重视程度日益加深，垃圾分类等环保议题广为流传。假如你是李华，你将参加一个环保会议并代表中学生发言。请写一份演讲稿，结合自身实际谈一谈你对当前环保现状的看法，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业。
要求：
①词数：80-100词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
②不得使用真实的姓名、校名和地名等。
Ladies
and gentlemen,
I'm
very honored to stand here to say something about environmental protection.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B；2．A；3．C；4．B；5．A；6．C；7．A；8．A；9．A；10．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者在五年级时转到了新学校，学校要求穿白衬衫，妈妈自己动手制作了标签。但是别的同学嘲笑它，最后作者终于明白妈妈给了他最好的，于是一直穿着它。
【点评】考查完形填空。通读短文，了解大意。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。答题时要根据文章的内容要求。结合文章的主题，注意前后的联系，综合运用所学的词汇和语法知识，对每个空格所给的四个选项进行认真分析，反复推敲。通过联系上下文，在结合题干和选项的基础上，充分运用所学知识，如词语意义及用法、词语搭配和习惯用法、语法知识、逻辑推理和生活常识等，从而确定答案。
1．句意：但是，我能够清楚的记得五年级的第一天。A hardly，几乎不；B clearly，清楚地；C badly，糟糕的。根据As time went by, many things were forgotten. However和后文提到的发生的事可知是清楚的记得，故选B。
2．句意：因为更高的学费，生活对我父母来说真的很难。A difficult，困难的；B fascinating，迷人的；C helpful，有帮助的。根据because of a higher schooling fee可知生活困难，故选A。
3．句意：在学校，我们被要求穿一件白衬衫，左手口袋上有学校的标志，可以在学校的商店里买到。A trained，训练；B warned，警告；C required，要求。根据wear a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops.可知被要求有学校标志的用法，故选C。
4．句意：这种标签也在学校的商店里卖。A playground，操场；B shops，商店；C library，图书馆。根据a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops.和too可知是商店，故选B。
5．句意：为了减少增加的花费，妈妈决定自己手工制作标签。A cut，切；B increase，增加；C divide，分开。根据Mom decided to make the tag herself by hand. 可知妈妈是想减少开支，故选A。
6．句意：在学校里，男孩们看着我的标签，一些人还取笑它。A made use of，利用；B made friends with，和……交朋友；C made fun of，取笑。根据 "Your helper sure did an ugly job." And another added. "How strange it is! "可知是取笑它，故选C。
7．句意：至少它引起了我们的注意。A attention，注意；B influence，影响；C expression，表达。根据At school, boys looked at my tag and some 6it. "Your helper sure did an ugly job." 可知它引起了我们的注意，故选A。
8．句意：我意识到这不应该阻止我尽力而为尽管我们在文化或经济状况上存在分歧。A even though，尽管；B so that，以便于；C as if，好像。根据 I realized it should not stop me from doing my best和we have differences in the culture or economic(经济) situation. 可知后句表示让步，故选A。
9．意：事实是，妈妈花了很多时间为我提供最好的。A spent，花费，是spend的过去式，spend＋时间/金钱＋doing dth；B cost，花费，主语是物；C took，花费，It takes sb some time to do sth。根据much lime making可知用spent，故选A。
10．句意：我应该为它感到骄傲。固定搭配be proud of，为……感到骄傲，故选B。
11．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
【知识点】科普类；其他语篇类型
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一个有关一些伟大发明的表格。
（1）细节理解题。根据A few thousand Years ago，In 1676，In 1979 和Around 2,000 years ago可知灯泡是最新发明的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据A few thousand Years ago，In 1676，In 1979 和Around 2,000 years ago 可知其中两项发明出现在18世纪是不对的。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先快速的阅读问题，带着问题在表格中能够快速、准确的捕捉到有用的信息，然后对选项进行比较，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．C
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文；北斗卫星导航
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国日报上涵盖不同领域的一些新闻。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在阅读短文之前，快速的阅读问题，目的是在阅读短文时做到心中有数，能够快速、准确的捕捉到有用的信息，然后根据上下文、句意或语境等，对选项进行比较，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第二则新闻It marks the completion (完成) of Beidou, one of the networks around the world, along with the United States' GPS. Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo. 可知它标志着北斗和全球定位系统的完成，北斗是全球网络之一。俄罗斯的GLONASS和欧盟的伽利略也在其中，因此Galileo也是一个网络系统 。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二则新闻The satellite is the 59th in the Beidou family. 可知该卫星在北斗家族中排名第59，因此中国的北斗网络中有59颗卫星。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一则新闻Many countries are developing the vaccines for COVID-19 by different methods. 可知许多国家正在以不同的方法研发新型冠状病毒肺炎的疫苗，因此中国的北斗网络中有59颗卫星。因此这则新闻与健康有关，故选C。
【答案】15．B
16．C
17．B
18．C
19．B
【知识点】教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍在线上课的一些有用的成功策略，可用于首次参加在线课程的人，也可以进行复习。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先浏览短文，把握短文中心内容，再理解问题和选项，带着问题再一次阅读短文，找到答题依据，得出正确答案。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段Without the usual class time and in-person interactions可知在线上课没有平时的上课时间和面对面的互动，故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段Below are useful Online Success Strategies to use when taking an online course for the first time, or to review even if you've taken online courses before.可知这些在线成功策略，可用于首次参加在线课程的人，或者即使你之前参加过在线课程，也可以进行复习。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据Making Time，Having Your Learning Space，Thinking About Your Goals，Do Your Work，Start Early可知这篇短文一共介绍了五种在线成功策略 。故选B。
18．词义猜测题。根据第三段This will be your "classroom".可知这将是你的"教室" 。教室是专用来学习的，因此画线单词的意思是专用的，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段Online learning allows you to be responsible for your own success.可知在线学习使你能够为自己的成功负责。因此我们可以推断出决定成功的是你自己，故选B。
【答案】20．B
21．A
22．A
23．B
24．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一位年轻的大学生变得越来越沮丧，但是他却喜欢杨教授的生物课，有天杨教授和这名学生吃饭，他用一个有机土豆和一个发芽的土豆做比较，使学生明白一个道理：人的价值取决于自身。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意找到文章出处，做到有理有据。
20．词义猜测题。根据第一段...he drank every day and didn't study at all.他每天喝酒，根本不读书。因此猜测出这样下去，他只会越来越沮丧，受挫，那么画线单词的意思是沮丧，受挫，故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段He liked the course.可知他喜欢生物课。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段 " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free."可知发芽的马铃薯"它柔软但有毒。即使它是免费的，没人会接受。"根据第五段It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive. 可知有机马铃薯不仅大而新鲜，而且无污染，人们需要这种土豆，而且价格很高。因此推测 "college students are cheaper than potatoes" 中的马铃薯是发芽的马铃薯，无用的东西，故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段 " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free."可知发芽的马铃薯"它柔软但有毒。即使它是免费的，没人会接受。"根据第五段It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive. 可知有机马铃薯不仅大而新鲜，而且无污染，人们需要这种土豆，而且价格很高。因此推测 人们愿意买有机马铃薯，故选B。
24．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Be such a potato," said the professor.可知教授说："做个这样的土豆吧。"这样的土豆就是人们需要的有机土豆，本文大意是一个年轻的大学生颓废，教授希望他做一个有价值的人，故选C。
【答案】25．C
26．A
27．C
28．B
29．C
【知识点】科幻未来类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍在COVID-19爆发期间，NASA的科学家团队在家中找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题这两种题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找相关句子做依据选出正确答案，主旨题需要通读全文，找出中心意思，选出最好的标题。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段In order to follow social distancing rules these scientists have had to work from home. But they've still found ways to work together and take care of the complex (复杂的) tasks that are needed to keep the Curiosity rover working on Mars. 可知为了遵守社会隔离规则，这些科学家不得不在家工作。但是他们仍然找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段However, the goggles (眼镜) they usually use to analyze (分析) pictures from Mars could not be sent out. So they have to depend on red-and-blue glass lenses (镜片) instead. 可知他们通常用来分析火星照片的护目镜无法发出。因此，他们必须依靠红色和蓝色玻璃镜片来代替。这是NASA的科学家在家工作不方便的地方。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段But they've still found ways to work together ...可知他们仍然找到了合作的方式。因此选项C是不对的，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段In fact, getting used to changing situations is "classic, textbook NASA," 可知"经典的NASA教科书"就是适应不断变化的情况，总能是找到应对新情况的方法。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍在COVID-19爆发期间，NASA的科学家团队在家中找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。故选C。
30．【答案】D；C；E；B
【知识点】任务型阅读；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍使寿司更好吃的办法。
选项意思：A. Many people don't know how to eat sushi in a right way.很多人不知道如何正确吃寿司。
B. Eat with your hands.用手吃。
C. This is because the rice absorbs (吸收) the sauce very quickly.这是因为大米会很快吸收酱汁。
D. Is this the way you cat sushi.这是您养寿司的方式吗？
E. It's not a good idea to mix wasabi and soy sauce.混合芥末和酱油不是一个好主意。
（1）根据Lift a piece of sushi with chopsticks. Dip(蘸) it in soy sauce (酱油), and then put it in your mouth.可知这是吃寿司的方法，此空后是问号，因此此空应该说的是这种方法是不是对，故选D。
（2）根据 Why 可知用because来答，故选C。
（3）根据It will become loo spicy and cover up the taste of the sushi. 可知此空应该说的是不能把芥末和酱油混合在一起，故选D。
（4）根据Eating is with your hands is better than with chopsticks. 可知此空应该说的是用手吃，故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。先浏览全文，了解短文大意，再弄懂选项的意思，最后回归短文，联系上下句，结合选项，进行分析归纳，最后选出正确答案。
【答案】31．It is often around the 8th of August every year.
32．"Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer".
33．Yes.
34．By eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
35．Because they believed that in this way, plagues could be kept away for the whole year.
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国传统24节气的立秋。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。阅读回答问题，一般问题设置较为简单，多数针对文中的细节理解，答案都能在原文中找出。回答时，应注意不同的问句的回答方式，如一般疑问句回答的时候应使用yes/no；其他问句的回答应根据文中的句子做出简单详细的回答。
31．根据第一段It is often around the 8th of August every year. 可知它通常在每年八月八号。故答案为It is often around the 8th of August every year.
32．根据第二段The period of hot days after the Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer" 可知立秋后的炎热天气通常持续30天，被称为"秋老虎"或"印度夏季"。故答案为 "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer".
33．根据第三段There is a saying that goes: "If it rains on the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected." 可知"秋初若下雨，则有望丰收。"故答案为Yes.
34．根据第五段...he or she needs to flesh out(贴秋膘) by eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat. 可知他或她需要通过吃许多不同种类的美味食物来充实肉，尤其是肉类。故答案为By eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
35．根据最后一段The peach stones (核) are kept until New Year's Eve, People believed that in this way, plagues (瘟疫) could be kept away for the whole year. 可知桃核一直保存到新年前夜，人们认为这样可以避免瘟疫蔓延整年。故答案为Because they believed that in this way, plagues could be kept away for the whole year.
36．【答案】invited；how；to think；widely；was reported；of；a；parents；importance；with/to
【知识点】语法填空；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一所中学的部分建筑物有严重问题。校长苏珊邀请学生分享如何重建学校的想法。
（1）句意：校长苏珊邀请学生分享重建学校的想法。invite，邀请，动词，根据We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like.可知用一般过去时，invite的过去式是invited，故填invited 。
（2）句意：校长苏珊邀请学生分享重建学校的想法。根据about可知其后是宾语，根据to do不定式可知是特殊疑问词＋to do不定式充当宾语，根据rebuild the school可知是如何重建，因此填特殊疑问词how，如何，故填。
（3）句意：我们希望他们思考一些想法来表达自己的兴趣和希望。think，思考，动词，固定搭配want to do sth，想要做某事，故填to think 。
（4）句意：该新闻在当地报纸报道之后广泛地传播开来。wide，广泛的，形容词，空前的spread是动词，因此用副词widely来修饰，故填widely 。
（5）句意：该新闻在当地报纸报道之后广泛地传播开来。report，报告，动词，和空前的it是被动关系，根据The news spread可知此句用一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were＋done，主语是it，因此用was，report的过去分词是reported，故填was reported 。
（6）句意：还有一些人说，他们迫不及待等着年底之前完成该项目。固定搭配at the end of， 在……末端，故填of 。
（7）句意：最初，学校被要求关闭，建筑物必须卖掉，因为学校位于一个非常好的位置。location 是泛指，因此用不定冠词a，故填a 。
（8）句意：但是老师和父母一起保护学校，现在他们很高兴看到结果。parent，父母亲之一，名词，学生的家长不只一人，因此填parent的复数形式parents，故填parents 。
（9）句意：这所学校对社区来说是重要的。important，重要的，形容词，固定搭配be of +名词＝形容词，此处的名词一般是抽象名词，因此填important的名词形式importance，故填importance。
（10）句意：这给了他们一种感觉：他们与他们的学校之间的联系更加紧密 。固定搭配 connect with/to，和……有联系，故填with/to。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
37．【答案】What should we/are we supposed to talk about with a foreigner/ foreigners.；许多西方人不喜欢和他们不了解的人分享自己的生活和家人。；美国人更喜欢谈论他们自己，而不是他们的家人。；These topics should not be talked about when people meet for the first time.；了解自己的文化和另一个国家文化的不同是了解另一个国家的好方式。
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍如何与外国人交谈。
（1）我们，在主语的位置，因此用主格we，应该 ，用固定搭配，be supposed to do sth，或者情态动词should，谈论，用固定搭配，talk about，和，介词with，外国人，a foreigner/ foreigners，故答案为What should we/are we supposed to talk about with a foreigner/ foreigners.
（2）Many westerners，许多西方人，do not like，不喜欢，share，分享，their own lives or their families， 自己的生活和家人，with，和……一起，they don't know well，他们不了解，这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是people，定语从句是that they don't know well. 故答案为许多西方人不喜欢和他们不了解的人分享自己的生活和家人。
（3）Americans，美国人，are more interested in，对……更感兴趣，talking about，谈论， themselves，他们自己，rather than，而不是，heir families，他们的家人，故答案为美国人更喜欢谈论他们自己，而不是他们的家人。
（4）这些话题，these topics，句首，大写，应该，情态动词should，谈论，talk about，初次见面 ，meet for the first time，当……时，连词when，这些话题和谈论之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词＋be＋done，这是一个否定句，在情态动词后加not，故答案为These topics should not be talked about when people meet for the first time.
（5）Knowing，知道，the differences，区别，between... and，在……和……之间，your own culture，自己的文化，another，另一个，此处指另一个国家的文化，a good way，一个好办法，to know another country，了解另一个国家， 做后置定语，修饰前面的way，故答案为了解自己的文化和另一个国家文化的不同是了解另一个国家的好方式。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据画线部分认真斟酌并翻译，注意其中的句子结构和固定搭配等。
38．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文。假如你是李华，你将参加一个环保会议并代表中学生发言。请写一份演讲稿，结合自身实际谈一谈你对当前环保现状的看法，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业。这个话题学生比较熟悉，可以结合自身自由发挥，词数在80-100词左右，谈论对当前环保现状的看法这一部分主要用一般现在时，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业这一部分主要用一般将来时，主要用第一人称，注意句子之间衔接要连贯，符合英文表达习惯。
【点评】考查提纲作文，作文时态主要以一般将来时和一般现在时为主，主要用第一人称，文章要包括对环保现状的看法及建议，上下文联系要紧密、符合逻辑关系，意思表达要准确，单词书写要规范正确，文章要顺畅、自然和完整。
1 / 1湖南省长沙市怡雅中学2020-2021学年九年级下学期英语入学考试试卷
（2021九下·长沙开学考）通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
As time went by, many things were forgotten. However, I could 1． remember years back during my first day in the 5th grade. I transferred(转学) to a local school for boys. I was a new student then. Life was really 2． for my parents because of a higher schooling fee(费用).
At school, we were 3． to wear a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops. And at the top of this pocket should be worn a name tag(标签). This tag was sold at the school 4． , too. To 5． added cost, mom decided to make the tag herself by hand.
"This would do, and you can have a try." she said. "OK, Mom." I was not ready to wear it. I thought it was different. At school, boys looked at my tag and some 6． it. "Your helper sure did an ugly job." And another added. "How strange it is! At least it caught our 7． . I knew it. At first, I tried to cover it and forgot it. But at last I understood that it didn't matter if I was different from others who wore the machine- made tags.
I realized it should not stop me from doing my best 8． we have differences in the culture or economic(经济) situation. What is true is that Mom 9． much lime making it possible to give the best for me. I should be 10． of it. And I did. I wore this Mom-made tag for the rest of the school year.
1．A．hardly B．clearly C．badly
2．A．difficult B．fascinating C．helpful
3．A．trained B．warned C．required
4．A．playground B．shops C．library
5．A．cut B．increase C．divide
6．A．made use of B．made friends with C．made fun of
7．A．attention B．influence C．expression
8．A．even though B．so that C．as if
9．A．spent B．cost C．took
10．A．patient B．proud C．polite
【答案】1．B；2．A；3．C；4．B；5．A；6．C；7．A；8．A；9．A；10．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者在五年级时转到了新学校，学校要求穿白衬衫，妈妈自己动手制作了标签。但是别的同学嘲笑它，最后作者终于明白妈妈给了他最好的，于是一直穿着它。
【点评】考查完形填空。通读短文，了解大意。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。答题时要根据文章的内容要求。结合文章的主题，注意前后的联系，综合运用所学的词汇和语法知识，对每个空格所给的四个选项进行认真分析，反复推敲。通过联系上下文，在结合题干和选项的基础上，充分运用所学知识，如词语意义及用法、词语搭配和习惯用法、语法知识、逻辑推理和生活常识等，从而确定答案。
1．句意：但是，我能够清楚的记得五年级的第一天。A hardly，几乎不；B clearly，清楚地；C badly，糟糕的。根据As time went by, many things were forgotten. However和后文提到的发生的事可知是清楚的记得，故选B。
2．句意：因为更高的学费，生活对我父母来说真的很难。A difficult，困难的；B fascinating，迷人的；C helpful，有帮助的。根据because of a higher schooling fee可知生活困难，故选A。
3．句意：在学校，我们被要求穿一件白衬衫，左手口袋上有学校的标志，可以在学校的商店里买到。A trained，训练；B warned，警告；C required，要求。根据wear a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops.可知被要求有学校标志的用法，故选C。
4．句意：这种标签也在学校的商店里卖。A playground，操场；B shops，商店；C library，图书馆。根据a white shirt with the school's sign on its left pocket that could be bought in the school shops.和too可知是商店，故选B。
5．句意：为了减少增加的花费，妈妈决定自己手工制作标签。A cut，切；B increase，增加；C divide，分开。根据Mom decided to make the tag herself by hand. 可知妈妈是想减少开支，故选A。
6．句意：在学校里，男孩们看着我的标签，一些人还取笑它。A made use of，利用；B made friends with，和……交朋友；C made fun of，取笑。根据 "Your helper sure did an ugly job." And another added. "How strange it is! "可知是取笑它，故选C。
7．句意：至少它引起了我们的注意。A attention，注意；B influence，影响；C expression，表达。根据At school, boys looked at my tag and some 6it. "Your helper sure did an ugly job." 可知它引起了我们的注意，故选A。
8．句意：我意识到这不应该阻止我尽力而为尽管我们在文化或经济状况上存在分歧。A even though，尽管；B so that，以便于；C as if，好像。根据 I realized it should not stop me from doing my best和we have differences in the culture or economic(经济) situation. 可知后句表示让步，故选A。
9．意：事实是，妈妈花了很多时间为我提供最好的。A spent，花费，是spend的过去式，spend＋时间/金钱＋doing dth；B cost，花费，主语是物；C took，花费，It takes sb some time to do sth。根据much lime making可知用spent，故选A。
10．句意：我应该为它感到骄傲。固定搭配be proud of，为……感到骄傲，故选B。
11．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
The Information about Some Great Inventions
Invention Wheel Telephone Light bulb Paper
AppearingTime A few thousand Years ago In 1676 In 1979 Around 2,000 years ago
Inventor Unknown Alexander Bell Thomas Edison CaiLun
Inventor'sNationality Unknown American American Chinese
Early Main Material Wood Plastic and metal Glass ant metal Colton or flax(亚麻)
Main Use Making travelling faster Used lot communicating over distances Giving light Used for recording information
（1）According to the chart (图表) above, the latest invention is________.
A．the paper B．the wheel C．the light bulb
（2）Which of the following is NOT TURE according to the form above
A．Both Alexander Bell and Thomas Edison are American.
B．Two of the inventions were mainly made of metal.
C．Two of the inventions appeared in the 18th century.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
【知识点】科普类；其他语篇类型
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一个有关一些伟大发明的表格。
（1）细节理解题。根据A few thousand Years ago，In 1676，In 1979 和Around 2,000 years ago可知灯泡是最新发明的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据A few thousand Years ago，In 1676，In 1979 和Around 2,000 years ago 可知其中两项发明出现在18世纪是不对的。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先快速的阅读问题，带着问题在表格中能够快速、准确的捕捉到有用的信息，然后对选项进行比较，从而选出正确答案。
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
The following news is fromChina Daily (www.chinadaily.com) which covers different fields.
J. K. Rowling Publishes New Story Online The famous English writer J. K. Rowling said on Tuesday. "I'm producing a new story called The Ickabog which will be free to read online." It's the first children's book by J. K. Rowling, since she finished Harry Potter in 2007.
China Sends Beidou Successfully China sent the last satellite of Beidou into space on Tuesday. The satellite is the 59th in the Beidou family. It marks the completion (完成) of Beidou, one of the networks around the world, along with the United States' GPS. Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo.
The Vaccines May Be Ready Many countries are developing the vaccines for COVID-19 (新型冠状病毒肺炎) by different methods. Some arc even going through the final step to decide how well the vaccine works and if it's safe. With more than 160 possible vaccines under study, experts hope that vaccine may be ready by the end of 2020.
12．Galileo is a ________.
A．satellite B．network C．scientist
13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the given information
A．TheIckabog is the first children's book by J. K. Rowling.
B．There are 59 satellites in China's Beidou network.
C．The vaccines for COVID-19 are ready in many countries now.
14．Which one will Mark read first if he is interested in public health
A．J. K. Rowling Publishes New Story Online.
B．China Sends Beidou Successfully.
C．The Vaccines May Be Ready.
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．C
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文；北斗卫星导航
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国日报上涵盖不同领域的一些新闻。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在阅读短文之前，快速的阅读问题，目的是在阅读短文时做到心中有数，能够快速、准确的捕捉到有用的信息，然后根据上下文、句意或语境等，对选项进行比较，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第二则新闻It marks the completion (完成) of Beidou, one of the networks around the world, along with the United States' GPS. Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo. 可知它标志着北斗和全球定位系统的完成，北斗是全球网络之一。俄罗斯的GLONASS和欧盟的伽利略也在其中，因此Galileo也是一个网络系统 。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二则新闻The satellite is the 59th in the Beidou family. 可知该卫星在北斗家族中排名第59，因此中国的北斗网络中有59颗卫星。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一则新闻Many countries are developing the vaccines for COVID-19 by different methods. 可知许多国家正在以不同的方法研发新型冠状病毒肺炎的疫苗，因此中国的北斗网络中有59颗卫星。因此这则新闻与健康有关，故选C。
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Do you have the experience of taking a class online Today taking a class online becomes a more and more popular way of learning for not only students but also many other people on work. However taking a class online is quite different from sitting in a classroom. Without the usual class time and in-person interactions (互动), it can be difficult to focus on the material and assignments (作业). Below are useful Online Success Strategies to use when taking an online course for the first time, or to review even if you've taken online courses before.
Making Time Set aside (留出) a specific study time each week, and make this a time that you honor and commit to every week.
Having Your Learning Space Have adedicatedstudy space with reliable (可靠的) internet. Maybe this is your home, or a relative's home. It could be a public space, such as a cafe. Whatever it is. make it work for you, and try to minimize distractions (分心). This will be your "classroom".
Thinking About Your Goals Develop your study goals. What do you want to get from your course Maybe you want to improve your study, or learn new skills. Whatever this goal is, write it down ahead of the course and focus on it during your course.
Do Your Work Complete all of your assignments and projects on time.
Start Early Do not wait until the last minute to complete assignments!
Online learning allows you to be responsible for your own success. At last, it is up to you to stay organized, manage your time, ask questions, and complete all coursework on time.
15．What makes taking a class online be different from sitting in a classroom
A．There aren't the usual class time or in-person interactions for both learning methods.
B．There is neither the usual class time nor in-person interactions for taking a class online.
C．There are the usual class time and in-person interactions for both learning methods.
16．Who may learn Online Success Strategies according to this passage
A．Those who take an online course for the first time.
B．Those who have taken online courses before.
C．Not only those who take an online course for the first time but also those who have taken online courses before.
17．How many Online Success Strategies does this passage talk about
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six.
18．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "dedicated"
A．宽敞的 B．舒适的 C．专用的
19．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________.
A．with these strategies you can be sure to be successful
B．it is yourself who can decide on the success
C．It's not necessary to write down the goal
【答案】15．B
16．C
17．B
18．C
19．B
【知识点】教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍在线上课的一些有用的成功策略，可用于首次参加在线课程的人，也可以进行复习。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先浏览短文，把握短文中心内容，再理解问题和选项，带着问题再一次阅读短文，找到答题依据，得出正确答案。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段Without the usual class time and in-person interactions可知在线上课没有平时的上课时间和面对面的互动，故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段Below are useful Online Success Strategies to use when taking an online course for the first time, or to review even if you've taken online courses before.可知这些在线成功策略，可用于首次参加在线课程的人，或者即使你之前参加过在线课程，也可以进行复习。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据Making Time，Having Your Learning Space，Thinking About Your Goals，Do Your Work，Start Early可知这篇短文一共介绍了五种在线成功策略 。故选B。
18．词义猜测题。根据第三段This will be your "classroom".可知这将是你的"教室" 。教室是专用来学习的，因此画线单词的意思是专用的，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段Online learning allows you to be responsible for your own success.可知在线学习使你能够为自己的成功负责。因此我们可以推断出决定成功的是你自己，故选B。
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A young college student thought that he chose the wrong major(专业) at a common college, so he drank every day and didn't study at all. He became more and morefrustrated.
But he never missed Professor Yang's biology class. He liked the course. Besides, Yang's class was so interesting that he always listened carefully, never caring about whether the other students were paying attention or not in class.
Once he put a note in the homework he handed in. saying "Professor, it is said that today's college students are cheaper than potatoes. Do you agree "
That day Professor Yang called for him after class. When he came, he found the professor at a table with food on it. They drank happily over their meal.
When they became half drunk, the professor presented a small potato that was sprouting (发芽的). "Do you know how much this costs " lie asked the young man. " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free." He then threw the potato away.
The professor then showed him another potato. It was half the size of a football and perfectly round. "This potato is organic (有机的). It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive."
The young man was impressed by what he had heard. "Be such a potato," said the professor.
20．What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph
A．兴奋的 B．受挫的 C．满足的
21．Why did he never miss Professor Yang's biology class
A．Because lie liked biology.
B．Because he could get high grades in Yang's class.
C．Because he wanted to be a top student.
22．What does "potatoes" refer to(指的是)in "college students are cheaper than potatoes"
A．Useless things. B．Expensive things. C．Delicious things.
23．According to the passage, we can infer (推断) that________.
A．people would buy the small and sprouting potatoes
B．people would buy the organic potatoes
C．people would buy the sort and poisonous potatoes
24．What is the best title for this story
A．Biology class, B．College life. C．Be the best potato.
【答案】20．B
21．A
22．A
23．B
24．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一位年轻的大学生变得越来越沮丧，但是他却喜欢杨教授的生物课，有天杨教授和这名学生吃饭，他用一个有机土豆和一个发芽的土豆做比较，使学生明白一个道理：人的价值取决于自身。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意找到文章出处，做到有理有据。
20．词义猜测题。根据第一段...he drank every day and didn't study at all.他每天喝酒，根本不读书。因此猜测出这样下去，他只会越来越沮丧，受挫，那么画线单词的意思是沮丧，受挫，故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段He liked the course.可知他喜欢生物课。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段 " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free."可知发芽的马铃薯"它柔软但有毒。即使它是免费的，没人会接受。"根据第五段It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive. 可知有机马铃薯不仅大而新鲜，而且无污染，人们需要这种土豆，而且价格很高。因此推测 "college students are cheaper than potatoes" 中的马铃薯是发芽的马铃薯，无用的东西，故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段 " It's soft but poisonous (有毒). Nobody will take it even if it's free."可知发芽的马铃薯"它柔软但有毒。即使它是免费的，没人会接受。"根据第五段It is not only large and fresh but also free of pollution, People are in need of such kind of potatoes and they're quite expensive. 可知有机马铃薯不仅大而新鲜，而且无污染，人们需要这种土豆，而且价格很高。因此推测 人们愿意买有机马铃薯，故选B。
24．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Be such a potato," said the professor.可知教授说："做个这样的土豆吧。"这样的土豆就是人们需要的有机土豆，本文大意是一个年轻的大学生颓废，教授希望他做一个有价值的人，故选C。
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, people have been used to their new work situation. But what if your job is to control a mufti-billion-dollar space rover (探测车) on a planet—Mars nearly 200 million km away from Earth
A team of NASA scientists is doing just that. In order to follow social distancing rules these scientists have had to work from home. But they've still found ways to work together and take care of the complex (复杂的) tasks that are needed to keep the Curiosity rover working on Mars.
Their work-from-home setups (装配) took much like home office setups. They use ordinary (普通) computers. But instead of working on spreadsheets (电子制表), these scientists arc programming complex sequences (序列) of instructions that are then sent to the rover. These instructions allowed the rover to find a rock sample (样本 in a location on Mars called "Edinburgh".
Usually, the team's 20 scientists work together by communicating through apps or video meetings. One scientist might have to follow 15 message channels (通道)at once.
NASA gave the scientists headsets (耳机) monitors and other equipment to allow them to do their jobs from home. However, the goggles (眼镜) they usually use to analyze (分析) pictures from Mars could not be sent out. So they have to depend on red-and-blue glass lenses (镜片) instead.
But difficulties like these have not been a problem for the scientists. In fact, getting used to changing situations is "classic, textbook NASA," according to the head of science operations Carrie Bridge. "We're presented with a problem and we find out how to-make things work. Mars isn't standing still for us; we're still exploring." she said.
25．During the outbreak, NASA scientists________.
A．use different computers to work
B．work on spreadsheets
C．are making Curiosity rover work from home
26．Working at home is not convenient for NASA scientists because .
A．they have to use red-and-blue glass lenses
B．they cannot communicate with each other
C．they don't have the equipment to do their jobs
27．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the article
A．Mars is nearly 200 million km away from Earth, v/
B．One scientist might have to contact (联系) with several other scientists at the same lime.
C．NASA scientists can't work together.
28．How do we understand "classic, textbook NASA" in the last paragraph
A．NASA wrote a textbook on how to deal with problems.
B．NASA always finds ways to deal with new situations.
C．Difficulties are uncommon for NASA
29．What is the story mainly about
A．NASA's project on Mars.
B．The problems NASA faces.
C．How NASA scientists work at home.
【答案】25．C
26．A
27．C
28．B
29．C
【知识点】科幻未来类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍在COVID-19爆发期间，NASA的科学家团队在家中找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题这两种题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找相关句子做依据选出正确答案，主旨题需要通读全文，找出中心意思，选出最好的标题。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段In order to follow social distancing rules these scientists have had to work from home. But they've still found ways to work together and take care of the complex (复杂的) tasks that are needed to keep the Curiosity rover working on Mars. 可知为了遵守社会隔离规则，这些科学家不得不在家工作。但是他们仍然找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段However, the goggles (眼镜) they usually use to analyze (分析) pictures from Mars could not be sent out. So they have to depend on red-and-blue glass lenses (镜片) instead. 可知他们通常用来分析火星照片的护目镜无法发出。因此，他们必须依靠红色和蓝色玻璃镜片来代替。这是NASA的科学家在家工作不方便的地方。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段But they've still found ways to work together ...可知他们仍然找到了合作的方式。因此选项C是不对的，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段In fact, getting used to changing situations is "classic, textbook NASA," 可知"经典的NASA教科书"就是适应不断变化的情况，总能是找到应对新情况的方法。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍在COVID-19爆发期间，NASA的科学家团队在家中找到了合作的方式，并完成了控制"好奇号"探测车在火星上运转所需的复杂任务。故选C。
30．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文，选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you like eating sushi(寿司) Lift a piece of sushi with chopsticks. Dip(蘸) it in soy sauce (酱油), and then put it in your mouth. It might not be the right way. Eating food the right way can help you better enjoy the food. Let's learn it together!
Keep it fish-side down
Sushi is often made of rice and fish. Many people like to dip the rice side in soy sauce. But if you do this, your sushi will taste too salty. Why Next time you eat sushi, remember to keep it fish-side down.
Don't put wasabi(芥末) Into sauce
Wow, wasabi is spicy(辣)! This green sauce makes fish taste better. You can use your chopsticks to brush(刷) just some of it onto the fish. It will become too spicy and cover up the taste of the sushi.
Sushi used to be a street food in Japan. Eating is with your hands is better than with chopsticks. Wash your hands and you can enjoy the food.
A. Many people don't know how to eat sushi in a right way. B. Eat with your hands. C. This is because the rice absorbs (吸收) the sauce very quickly. D. Is this the way you eat sushi E. It's not a good idea to mix wasabi and soy sauce.
【答案】D；C；E；B
【知识点】任务型阅读；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍使寿司更好吃的办法。
选项意思：A. Many people don't know how to eat sushi in a right way.很多人不知道如何正确吃寿司。
B. Eat with your hands.用手吃。
C. This is because the rice absorbs (吸收) the sauce very quickly.这是因为大米会很快吸收酱汁。
D. Is this the way you cat sushi.这是您养寿司的方式吗？
E. It's not a good idea to mix wasabi and soy sauce.混合芥末和酱油不是一个好主意。
（1）根据Lift a piece of sushi with chopsticks. Dip(蘸) it in soy sauce (酱油), and then put it in your mouth.可知这是吃寿司的方法，此空后是问号，因此此空应该说的是这种方法是不是对，故选D。
（2）根据 Why 可知用because来答，故选C。
（3）根据It will become loo spicy and cover up the taste of the sushi. 可知此空应该说的是不能把芥末和酱油混合在一起，故选D。
（4）根据Eating is with your hands is better than with chopsticks. 可知此空应该说的是用手吃，故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。先浏览全文，了解短文大意，再弄懂选项的意思，最后回归短文，联系上下句，结合选项，进行分析归纳，最后选出正确答案。
（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you know the Start of Autumn It's one of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms (中国传统24节气). It is often around the 8th of August every year.
The period of hot days after the Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer". Because of the decreasing (减少的) rainfalls, it is even more sweltering during this period than during "Major Heal(大暑).
Start of Autumn is an important harvest (收获)time for fanners. There is a saying that goes: "If it rains on the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected."
When it comes to this season, the leaves of the firmiana tree(梧桐树) start to fall, thus there is a saying of "One leaf falls, autumn arrives." When the sun reaches the celestial longitude (经度) of 135 decrees, the summer is passing away and the weather turns cold gradually. People can feel the wind if getting cool and see fogs in the morning.
On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight with what it was at the Start of Summer. If one has lost weight during the summer, then at the beginning of autumn, he or she needs to flesh out(贴秋膘) by eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
There are also many other traditions of the Start of Autumn. For example, In Hangzhou, people eat peaches on the Start of Autumn day. The peach stones (核) are kept until New Year's Eve, People believed that in this way, plagues (瘟疫) could be kept away for the whole year.
31．When is the Start of Autumn every year
32．What is the period of hot days after theStart of Autumn called
33．Will there usually be a good harvest, ifit rains on the day of the Start of Autumn
34．How do people flesh out at the beginningof autumn
35．Why did people keep the peach stones untilNew Year's Eve
【答案】31．It is often around the 8th of August every year.
32．"Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer".
33．Yes.
34．By eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
35．Because they believed that in this way, plagues could be kept away for the whole year.
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国传统24节气的立秋。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。阅读回答问题，一般问题设置较为简单，多数针对文中的细节理解，答案都能在原文中找出。回答时，应注意不同的问句的回答方式，如一般疑问句回答的时候应使用yes/no；其他问句的回答应根据文中的句子做出简单详细的回答。
31．根据第一段It is often around the 8th of August every year. 可知它通常在每年八月八号。故答案为It is often around the 8th of August every year.
32．根据第二段The period of hot days after the Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer" 可知立秋后的炎热天气通常持续30天，被称为"秋老虎"或"印度夏季"。故答案为 "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer".
33．根据第三段There is a saying that goes: "If it rains on the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected." 可知"秋初若下雨，则有望丰收。"故答案为Yes.
34．根据第五段...he or she needs to flesh out(贴秋膘) by eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat. 可知他或她需要通过吃许多不同种类的美味食物来充实肉，尤其是肉类。故答案为By eating many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
35．根据最后一段The peach stones (核) are kept until New Year's Eve, People believed that in this way, plagues (瘟疫) could be kept away for the whole year. 可知桃核一直保存到新年前夜，人们认为这样可以避免瘟疫蔓延整年。故答案为Because they believed that in this way, plagues could be kept away for the whole year.
36．（2021九下·长沙开学考）通读下面的短文，在空白处填上适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A middle school had major problems with some of its buildings. Susan, the head teacher, (invite) students to share their ideas about to rebuild the school. "We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like. We wanted them (think) of ideas to express their own interests and hopes." she said.
The news spread (wide) after it (report) by a local newspaper.
Students certainly seemed very excited. And some said they couldn't wait for the project to be finally completed at the end this year.
In the beginning, the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off, as the school is in very good location(地点). But teachers and (parent) worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the result.
"This school is of great (important) to the community. And it's necessary that it should continue." said one parent, adding, "it is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process. This gives them the feeling they are more closely connected their school. I really think die school will develop with success."
【答案】invited；how；to think；widely；was reported；of；a；parents；importance；with/to
【知识点】语法填空；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一所中学的部分建筑物有严重问题。校长苏珊邀请学生分享如何重建学校的想法。
（1）句意：校长苏珊邀请学生分享重建学校的想法。invite，邀请，动词，根据We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like.可知用一般过去时，invite的过去式是invited，故填invited 。
（2）句意：校长苏珊邀请学生分享重建学校的想法。根据about可知其后是宾语，根据to do不定式可知是特殊疑问词＋to do不定式充当宾语，根据rebuild the school可知是如何重建，因此填特殊疑问词how，如何，故填。
（3）句意：我们希望他们思考一些想法来表达自己的兴趣和希望。think，思考，动词，固定搭配want to do sth，想要做某事，故填to think 。
（4）句意：该新闻在当地报纸报道之后广泛地传播开来。wide，广泛的，形容词，空前的spread是动词，因此用副词widely来修饰，故填widely 。
（5）句意：该新闻在当地报纸报道之后广泛地传播开来。report，报告，动词，和空前的it是被动关系，根据The news spread可知此句用一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were＋done，主语是it，因此用was，report的过去分词是reported，故填was reported 。
（6）句意：还有一些人说，他们迫不及待等着年底之前完成该项目。固定搭配at the end of， 在……末端，故填of 。
（7）句意：最初，学校被要求关闭，建筑物必须卖掉，因为学校位于一个非常好的位置。location 是泛指，因此用不定冠词a，故填a 。
（8）句意：但是老师和父母一起保护学校，现在他们很高兴看到结果。parent，父母亲之一，名词，学生的家长不只一人，因此填parent的复数形式parents，故填parents 。
（9）句意：这所学校对社区来说是重要的。important，重要的，形容词，固定搭配be of +名词＝形容词，此处的名词一般是抽象名词，因此填important的名词形式importance，故填importance。
（10）句意：这给了他们一种感觉：他们与他们的学校之间的联系更加紧密 。固定搭配 connect with/to，和……有联系，故填with/to。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
37．（2021九下·长沙开学考）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
⑴我们应该和外国人谈论什么？
If you have a chance to talk with a foreigner, what will you talk about with him or her Maybe you have heard dial ⑵Many westerners do not like to share their own lives or their families with people that they don't know well. Asking an American how much money he or she makes is a thing that you can never do.
When you want to start a conversation with a foreigner, it's better to talk about what you have in common. For example, you'd better ask him about the weather. Then you can talk about some safe topics like sports, movies and music. As you know him or her better, you can begin to talk about more personal topics with him or her.
Of course, there are differences among culture. ⑶Americans are more interested in talking about themselves rather than their families because most of them think that they are special and unique. Besides, some private questions like How much do you weigh or " Do you support Donald Trump or Joe Biden" may cause strong feelings in many Americans. ⑷这些话题不应该在人们初次见面时被谈论。
⑸Knowing the differences between your own culture and another is a good way to know another country. If you know more about what's important to people in their lives, you may find a good topic to talk about.
⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸
【答案】What should we/are we supposed to talk about with a foreigner/ foreigners.；许多西方人不喜欢和他们不了解的人分享自己的生活和家人。；美国人更喜欢谈论他们自己，而不是他们的家人。；These topics should not be talked about when people meet for the first time.；了解自己的文化和另一个国家文化的不同是了解另一个国家的好方式。
【知识点】任务型阅读；社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍如何与外国人交谈。
（1）我们，在主语的位置，因此用主格we，应该 ，用固定搭配，be supposed to do sth，或者情态动词should，谈论，用固定搭配，talk about，和，介词with，外国人，a foreigner/ foreigners，故答案为What should we/are we supposed to talk about with a foreigner/ foreigners.
（2）Many westerners，许多西方人，do not like，不喜欢，share，分享，their own lives or their families， 自己的生活和家人，with，和……一起，they don't know well，他们不了解，这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是people，定语从句是that they don't know well. 故答案为许多西方人不喜欢和他们不了解的人分享自己的生活和家人。
（3）Americans，美国人，are more interested in，对……更感兴趣，talking about，谈论， themselves，他们自己，rather than，而不是，heir families，他们的家人，故答案为美国人更喜欢谈论他们自己，而不是他们的家人。
（4）这些话题，these topics，句首，大写，应该，情态动词should，谈论，talk about，初次见面 ，meet for the first time，当……时，连词when，这些话题和谈论之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词＋be＋done，这是一个否定句，在情态动词后加not，故答案为These topics should not be talked about when people meet for the first time.
（5）Knowing，知道，the differences，区别，between... and，在……和……之间，your own culture，自己的文化，another，另一个，此处指另一个国家的文化，a good way，一个好办法，to know another country，了解另一个国家， 做后置定语，修饰前面的way，故答案为了解自己的文化和另一个国家文化的不同是了解另一个国家的好方式。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据画线部分认真斟酌并翻译，注意其中的句子结构和固定搭配等。
38．（2021九下·长沙开学考）随着社会发展，人们对环境的重视程度日益加深，垃圾分类等环保议题广为流传。假如你是李华，你将参加一个环保会议并代表中学生发言。请写一份演讲稿，结合自身实际谈一谈你对当前环保现状的看法，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业。
要求：
①词数：80-100词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
②不得使用真实的姓名、校名和地名等。
Ladies
and gentlemen,
I'm
very honored to stand here to say something about environmental protection.
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文。假如你是李华，你将参加一个环保会议并代表中学生发言。请写一份演讲稿，结合自身实际谈一谈你对当前环保现状的看法，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业。这个话题学生比较熟悉，可以结合自身自由发挥，词数在80-100词左右，谈论对当前环保现状的看法这一部分主要用一般现在时，给出保护环境的合理建议，呼吁更多的人参与环保事业这一部分主要用一般将来时，主要用第一人称，注意句子之间衔接要连贯，符合英文表达习惯。
【点评】考查提纲作文，作文时态主要以一般将来时和一般现在时为主，主要用第一人称，文章要包括对环保现状的看法及建议，上下文联系要紧密、符合逻辑关系，意思表达要准确，单词书写要规范正确，文章要顺畅、自然和完整。
1 / 1
