【精品解析】安徽省江淮名校2020-2021学年高一下学期英语开学联考试卷

安徽省江淮名校2020-2021学年高一下学期英语开学联考试卷
一、阅读选择
（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
Using
1900 as a starting point, here's a look at some of the most powerful and
destructive hurricanes in the last 120 years in the US.
Most
powerful hurricanes
Hurricane
Camille, which landed on August 17, 1969 near Waveland, Mississippi, is the
most powerful storm to strike the Gulf Coast. Camille is one of the four
category(级别)-5 hurricanes ever to make
a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane
Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018.
According to the National Weather Service, the actual wind speed of Hurricane Camille might be around 175 mph along the coast.
Until
the arrival of Hurricane Katrina, Camille's more than 24-foot storm wave in
Pass Christian, Mississippi, held the record. Katrina's storm wave along the
Mississippi coast reached 30 feet.
Costliest
hurricanes
Hurricane
Katrina is not only the costliest-ever US hurricane but also the most expensive
natural disaster in the country's history. Not only did it cost as many as
1,836 lives and leave millions of people homeless, but it also caused $ 160
billion in damages.
Katrina landed near the Gulf Coast on August 29,2005 as a category-3 storm. The hurricane's record-breaking waves flooded 80% of the city.
Deadliest
hurricanes
The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8,1900. It caused a 16-foot storm wave and its wind speed reached 150 mph.
A large part of the city of Galveston, Texas, was left in ruins. The number of death reached 12,000 on Galveston Island and the mainland. It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out.
1．How many category-5 storms have stricken the US since 1900
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
2．Which is the costliest hurricane in the US
A．Hurricane Camille. B．Hurricane Andrew.
C．Hurricane Katrina. D．Labor Day Hurricane.
3．Why has Hurricane Galveston become the deadliest weather disaster in the US
A．It has caught the people by surprise.
B．It has caused the biggest waves.
C．It has had the highest wind speed.
D．It has brought in the heaviest rainfall.
4．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
In
the summer of 1967, Walker was about to enter the sixth grade after having
recently moved to the new town. Her mother signed Walker up for Girl Scouts（童子军)to help her get used to the place. She was paired with a girl named
Laurie Luna in a four-person tent. At the camp, Walker and Lima's lives were
tightly tied. As a Girl Scout, you have someone to rely on, to know where
you're going, to talk over things with, and to develop a friendship. It was a
wonderful time for these girls to look back on.
After
boating with Luna one afternoon, lightning hit a tree outside the girls' tent.
"It happens in the mountains in summertime. Then a storm blew in and sent
us all to our tents," Walker remembers. "Lightning struck and its
path led through me. I was lying on the floor seriously burned and unconscious(昏迷的)."As bad luck would have it. Walker had been standing on her
bed at the time. Instantly, two-thirds of Walker's body was burned.
The
other three girls in the tent screamed and ran away, but Luna quickly realized
her friend was not among them. She thought Walker must be missing and went back
to look for her — only to find Walker on the floor of the tent. Seeing Walker,
she sped to the counselors, brought help and, in doing so, saved Walker. The
counselor raced to give Walker first aid treatment, who then was rushed to the
hospital by a nurse.
"The
timing of getting artificial respiration(人工呼吸)and
being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and
to continue on with my life——to be a teacher, a wife, a mother, and a part of
the world," Walker says.
（1）What can we say about Walker from the first paragraph
A．She was a newcomer to the town.
B．She and Luna became classmates.
C．Her mother disliked staying with her.
D．She was the fourth girl in Girl Scouts.
（2）What happened to Walker one afternoon
A．She got lost in the mountain. B．She was hit by a big lightning.
C．She was late for the boating. D．She was ill because of the storm.
（3）How was Walker saved at last
A．By relying on her strong will.
B．By calling someone for help.
C．By using her skills learned at school.
D．By receiving instant treatment in time.
（4）What can be inferred from the text
A．Walker had a few health problems after the treatment.
B．All girls in Walker's tent did something helpful for her.
C．Walker might be grateful for what Luna had done for her.
D．Luna sent Walker to the hospital with a nurse at once.
5．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
Bridging the gap between simple automation(自动化)and robots that can communicate with humans naturally is a big challenge, but major progress has been made in the past few years.
Research into social robots has shown that machines that respond to emotion(情感)can help the elderly and children, and could lead to robots becoming more widely socially acceptable.
Milo is both a robotic teacher and a student. Developers RoboKind created Milo to help children with autism(自闭症)learn more about emotional expression and empathy (共鸣) while collecting data on their progress to target learning and treatment. Milo's friendly face makes himself kind and the children are able to read his expressions.
Robots can also reduce stress in hospital settings. Expper Tech's Robin was designed as a robot to provide emotional support for children with medical treatment. Robin explains medical details to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment draws their attention away to reduce their feeling of pain.
Expper's robot uses Artificial Inteligence (AI) to create empathy, remembering expressions and conversations to build conversation for follow-up sessions. In trials at the Wigmore Medical Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan. Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% weakening in stress and improve happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted (互动) with him at least once.
Today's simple systems are being trained to meet that demand. This includes ProxEmo, a little wheeled robot that can guess how you are feeling from the way you walk, and ENRICHME who helps older people to stay physically and mentally active. The problem is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at dealing with social situations.
（1）What makes children feel Milo's kindness
A．Milo's appearance. B．Milo's speech.
C．Milo's hospital settings. D．Milo's way of walking.
（2）How does the author show Robin's advantage in paragraph 5
A．By listing numbers. B．By making comments.
C．By following the time order. D．By explaining the process.
（3）Which is the best choice for an old man who wants to be active
A．Milo. B．Robin. C．ProxEmo. D．ENRICHME.
（4）What do people mainly worry about
A．Robots can't meet their demand. B．Some people will be out of work.
C．A robot isn't widely acceptable. D．Robots can't deal with problems.
6．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
On
April 30. 2020, the world's most famous musicians met online to celebrate the
tenth International Jazz Day. with the hope to revive jazz music and explore
its possibility as a unifying voice across cultures.
Despite
the celebrations, though, the jazz audience continues to grow older because the
music has failed to attract the younger generations. It's their job to help
change that.
Jason
Moran, the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, was one of the
musicians. He hopes to widen the audience for jazz and make the music more
accessible and enjoyable.
"Jazz
seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite (胃口)." Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.
"I hope that the younger generations understand that jazz is not black
anymore. It's actually colorful, and it's actually digital.
Moran
says one of the problems with jazz today is that the fun side of the music has
been lost. "Today, the music can't be presented the way it was in 1908 or
1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the
same." says Moran.
Last
year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance
party," I just wanted to put it back in the mind that Waller is dance
music as much as it is concert music. says Moran." For me, it's just to re
— contextualize. Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider
context. It can be adapted to (适应) different
situations.
During
the interview, he asked- "In music, where does the feeling lie Are we, as
humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how
to talk about ourselves and how a Fats Waller record gets us into a dialogue
about our emotions and our thoughts "
He
added that most of the musicians have recognized the need and agreed to
continue those dialogues for the year.
（1）Why did the musicians meet online on April 30
A．To celebrate the Jazz Day. B．To show the value of jazz.
C．To remember the birth of jazz. D．To protect different jazz cultures.
（2）What does the underlined word "re — contextualize" in paragraph 6 mean
A．To mix jazz with other music.
B．To adapt to different situations.
C．To be performed by different bands.
D．To play with more advanced instruments.
（3）What does Moran think of jazz
A．It will disappear gradually. B．It should be black and white.
C．It has to keep up with the times. D．It has become more popular.
（4）What can be the best title for the text
A．The Rise and Fall of Jazz B．Goals Set for Jazz Day 2020
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．The New Problems With Jazz
二、任务型阅读
7．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）任务型阅读
There's
no place like home, where we're surrounded by our favorite foods and many other
comforts. Most important of all, we can keep adding favorite things to give our
homes a personal touch. 　 　
Of
course, we can be easily attracted to these unique plants. They can add a
natural touch to our homes.　 　According
to the Royal Horticultural Society, nearly 72% of adults in the UK have some
houseplants in their homes, and a fifth of adults say they use plants in their
homes to make them feel happier.
　 　The
reason is that more and more young people are living in flats without a garden.
One of those interviewed by the Royal Horticultural Society is 24-year-old
Daisy Hale. She said, "Being able to beautify the small room without
having to spend too much is perfect for me."
Despite
the benefits, the Royal Horticultural Society is deeply concerned that the
houseplants might not be good for the environment. 　 　 These foreign plants might be very harmful to
our environment. It is also worried about the plastic pots that hold the plants
and the type of peat (泥炭) that the plants are
grown in.
In
short, the Royal Horticultural Society encourages people to buy local（本地的）plants held in reusable pots that are filled with natural soil. 　 　
A. Some of those popular
things are houseplants.
B. However, some of these
houseplants are too expensive.
C. Many experts are opposed
to buying houseplants for homes.
D. They have the ability to
brighten up a room with acceptable costs.
E. It has found that many of
the plants bought online are shipped from overseas.
F. It has also found that
young people are driving up the sales of houseplants very fast.
G. Then these "living"
additions will be good for ourselves and for our environment.
三、完形填空
8．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）完形填空
A
primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one
student was included during her class field trip. Instead of （1） a fourth-grader who uses a wheelchair to miss
out, Jim Freeman, a teacher at Tully Primary School, （2） to carry 10-year-old Ryan Neighbors on a
specially made backpack.
Shelly
King, Neighbors' mother, says that her daughter has spina bifida (脊柱裂) and has used a wheelchair for her （3） .
Because of the lack of wheelchair access, previous school trips had been （4） for the young girl.
Neighbors'
family found out that this year the class would be （5） the Falls of the Ohio State Park. It would be （6） for Neighbors to go there, so the family
started to plan a different （7） just for her. （8） ,
Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' （9） ,
stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a （10） .
Freeman's
（11） brought King to tears.
"It warmed my （12） ", King said, "He's not even Ryan's
teacher and he was so pure-hearted that he （13） to make sure that she was included and not （14） ."
Neighbors' mother said.
King
took to social media (社交媒体)to （15） Freeman and the staff at Jefferson County
Public Schools. So far, the post has been （16） thousands of times.
"This
is just one physical act that you can see, but we do this （17） times throughout the school day and throughout
the year,” Freeman responded. "All the （18） here at Tully work harder than most people （19） ."
For
Neighbors, however, the generous act provided a(n) （20） that would likely stick with her for years.
"Never feel like you're left alone," Neighbors said.
（1）A．reminding B．encouraging C．allowing D．warning
（2）A．volunteered B．organized C．dreamed D．happened
（3）A．plan B．wish C．class D．life
（4）A．impossible B．regular C．meaningful D．happy
（5）A．wandering B．knowing C．visiting D．remembering
（6）A．exciting B．difficult C．important D．interesting
（7）A．schedule B．vote C．part D．trip
（8）A．Gratefully B．Luckily C．Honestly D．Equally
（9）A．classroom B．park C．farm D．hospital
（10）A．blanket B．bag C．backpack D．car
（11）A．safety B．strength C．kindness D．health
（12）A．heart B．mind C．body D．mood
（13）A．returned B．refused C．failed D．decided
（14）A．dealt with B．left
out C．taken over D．brought out
（15）A．develop B．select C．praise D．promise
（16）A．printed B．shared C．designed D．written
（17）A．comfortable B．countless C．easy D．full
（18）A．students B．officers C．workers D．teachers
（19）A．realize B．miss C．order D．protect
（20）A．chance B．invitation C．lesson D．system
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
9．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
teenage girl 　 　(name) Jennifer Jones felt unwell and
fainted in her morning PE lesson yesterday. After rushing to hospital, she was
found 　 　 (have) dangerously low blood sugar levels. Her
parents 　 　 (say) that she tried to lose weight by
skipping meals. In fact, Jennifer has struggled with eating problems 　 　a
long time. Because of this, she had trouble 　 　 (concentrate) in class.
Unhealthy
weight-loss 　 　 (habit) have become common among teenagers.
Being thin is often seen as being beautiful. 　 　 teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to
slim down quickly. They 　 　 (regular) skip meals and even eat weight-loss
pills. These methods prove to be 　 　 (harm) to teenagers.
Teenagers
should have a healthy balanced diet to make sure they have enough nutrition.
What's more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay
energetic and fit. Living well is 　 　 safest and most effective way to get into
shape.
五、短文改错
10．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文.请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My
family was very poorly when I was a child. My parents lost their jobs and lived
with heavy pressure. As result, I wanted to studying hard so as to have a
different future. During my high school life, I spent all my time studying
those difficult subject, which made me to one of the best students in our
school. After graduation, I am admitted to a key university where I met a lot
of interested friends. Now, I am working on a big company but I am able to
afford anything I want. What's more, my parents also have found new jobs. So I
believe that our dreams will come true if you try our best.
六、开放性作文
11．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）进入高中,英语学习的难度加大,部分同学感觉有些吃力。为此,你的班级将开展一场英语 学习经验交流会。现在,你来准备一份发言稿,分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。
注意：1）词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone!
……
That's
all. Thank you.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自1900以来，过去120年来美国最强大、最具破坏性的飓风。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解的考查，是一篇自然类应用文。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，通过仔细查找，对比原文和选项，进行词义转换，选出正确答案。
1．根据Most powerful hurricanes部分第一段最后一句“Camille is one of the four category（级别）-5 hurricanes ever to make a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018.”（卡米尔飓风是登陆美国的4个5级飓风之一，其他3个分别是1935年劳动节飓风、1992年安德鲁飓风和2018年迈克尔飓风。）可知，自1900年以来，已有4次5级风暴袭击美国。故选D。
2．根据Costliest hurricanes部分第一句“Hurricane Katrina is not only the costliest-ever US hurricane but also the most expensive natural disaster in the country's history.”（卡特里娜飓风不仅是美国有史以来最昂贵的飓风，也是美国历史上最昂贵的自然灾害。）可知，给美国造成损失最大的飓风是卡特里娜飓风。故选C。
3．根据Deadliest hurricanes部分第一段第一句“The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8. 1900. ”（1900年9月8日，4级飓风加尔维斯顿在德克萨斯州海岸意外登陆。）和第二段最后一句“It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out.”（它仍然是美国历史上最致命的天气灾难，因为它让人们没有时间撤出去。）可知，因为它让人们措手不及，所以加尔维斯顿飓风成为美国最致命的天气灾害。故选A。
4．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。1967年夏天，刚搬到新镇的沃克在参与童子军的活动中被雷电击中，所幸得到了朋友和辅导员的及时救助。
（1）根据第一段第一句“In the summer of 1967,Walker was about to enter the sixth grade after having recently moved to the new town. ”（1967年夏天，刚搬到新镇的沃克即将升入六年级。）可知，沃克刚搬到这个镇子。故选A。
（2）根据第二段第一句“After boating with Luna one afternoon, lightning hit a tree outside the girls' tent.”（一天下午，在和Luna划船后，闪电击中了女生帐篷外的一棵树）和第四句“Lightning struck and its path led through me. ”（闪电击中了我，穿过了我的身体。）可知，在一天下午，沃克被闪电击中。故选B。
（3）根据第三段的“The counselor raced to give Walker first aid treatment, who then was rushed to the hospital by a nurse.”（辅导员跑过去对沃克进行急救，随后一名护士迅速将沃克送往医院。）和最后一段第一句“The timing of getting artificial respiration（人工呼吸）and being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and to continue on with my life”（接受人工呼吸和及时被送往医院让我恢复了健康，几乎没有什么问题，我可以继续我的生活）可知，通过及时接受即时治疗，沃克最后被救了。故选D。
（4）根据最后一段第一句“The timing of getting artificial respiration（人工呼吸）and being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and to continue on with my life——to be a teacher, a wife, a mother, and a part of the world," Walker says.”（沃克说：“接受人工呼吸和及时被送往医院让我恢复了健康，几乎没有什么问题，我可以继续我的生活——成为一名老师、一个妻子、一位母亲和这个世界的一部分。”）可知，正是因为卢娜的行为，沃克才能活着，并继续自己精彩的人生。由此推知，沃克可能会感激卢娜为她所做的一切。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两大常考题型，是一篇人物故事类记叙文。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，理解故事发生的前因后果，理清人物关系，通过掌握具体事实和推理判断，选出正确的答案。
5．【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在简单的自动化和能够与人类进行自然交流的机器人之间架起桥梁是一个巨大的挑战，但在过去几年中已经取得了重大进展。文中介绍几款能够帮助人们的机器人。
（1）根据第三段最后一句“Milo's friendly face makes himself kind and the children are able to read his expressions.”（麦洛友好的脸使他自己很善良，孩子们能够读懂他的表情。）可知，麦洛的外貌能让孩子们感觉他很友好。故选A。
（2）根据第五段第二句“In trials at the Wigmore Medical Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan. Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% weakening in stress and improve happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted（互动）with him at least once.”（在亚美尼亚埃里温的威格莫尔儿科诊所进行的试验中，研究小组发现，在120个与罗宾至少接触过一次的孩子中，罗宾使压力降低了34%，提高了26%的幸福感。）可推知，作者通过数据来表明罗宾的优势。故选A。
（3）根据最后一段第二句中的“ENRICHME who helps older people to stay physically and mentally active”（帮助老年人保持身体和精神上的活跃的ENRICHME）可知，一名想要活跃起来的老人的最佳选择是ENRICHME。故选D。
（4）根据最后一段最后一句“The problem is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at dealing with social situations.”（问题在于人们担心，随着机器人变得更善于处理社会状况，人类可能会失去工作。）可知，人们主要担心一些人会失业。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两大常考题型，是一篇科技类说明文，要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，掌握具体的事实，通过对比原文信息，分析选项和推理判断，选出正确的答案。
6．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。2020年4月30日，世界上最著名的音乐家在线聚会，庆祝第十届国际爵士日，并设立了2020年的目标。
（1）根据第一段第一句“On April 30. 2020, the world's most famous musicians met online to celebrate the tenth International Jazz Day.”（2020年4月30日，世界上最著名的音乐家在线聚会，庆祝第十届国际爵士日。）可知，这些音乐家4月30日在网上聚会是为了庆祝爵士日。故选A。
（2）根据第六段最后两句“Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context. It can be adapted to（适应）different situations.”（有时我们忽略了音乐有更广泛的背景。它可以适应不同的情况。）可知，re — contextualize的意思是适应不同的情况。故选B。
（3）根据第五段第二句和第三句“Today, the music can't be presented the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same. ”（今天，音乐已经不能像1908年或1958年那样呈现了。它必须继续前进，因为世界运行的方式是不一样的。）可知，Moran认为爵士乐应该与时俱进。故选C。
（4）根据第二段“Despite the celebrations, though, the jazz audience continues to grow older because the music has failed to attract the younger generations. It's their job to help change that.”（尽管有这些庆祝活动，但爵士乐的观众仍在不断变老，因为这种音乐未能吸引年轻一代。他们的工作就是帮助改变这种状况。）可知，这次庆祝的重点在于改变爵士乐不再有吸引力的现状，根据第三段第二句“He hopes to widen the audience for jazz and make the music more accessible and enjoyable.”（他希望能扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐更容易理解，更令人愉快。）可知，在这次庆祝聚会上音乐家们立下了扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐更容易理解，更令人愉快的目标。所以选项B（为2020年的爵士乐日设定的目标）是最好的标题。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三大常考题型，是一篇社会文化类新闻报道。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，掌握具体信息，对文章进行归纳总结，通过上下文语境猜测词汇意思，以及通过人物的言语来推断人物的态度，从而选出正确答案。
7．【答案】A；D；F；E；G
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了室内植物的大受欢迎，并且提倡购买本地植物。
（1）前文“Most important of all, we can keep adding favorite things to give our homes a personal touch. ”（最重要的是，我们可以不断添加我们喜欢的东西，给我们的家带来个人的感觉。）中的favorite things对应选项A中的those popular things，后文“Of course, we can be easily attracted to these unique plants. ”（当然，我们很容易被这些独特的植物所吸引。）对应选项A中的houseplants。所以选项A（一些受欢迎的东西是室内植物。）切合文意。故选A。
（2）根据前文“They can add a natural touch to our homes.”（它们可以给我们的家增添一种自然的感觉。）可知，室内植物能够点亮房间，根据后文“According to the Royal Horticultural Society, nearly 72% of adults in the UK have some houseplants in their homes, and a fifth of adults say they use plants in their homes to make them feel happier.”（根据皇家园艺学会的数据，在英国，近72%的成年人家里有一些室内植物，五分之一的成年人说他们在家里种植植物是为了让自己感觉更快乐。）可知，大部分的人都会种植室内植物，所以它们的价格可以接受。所以选项D（他们有能力用可接受的成本使房间明亮起来。）切合文意。故选D。
（3）根据后文“The reason is that more and more young people are living in flats without a garden. ”（原因是越来越多的年轻人住在没有花园的公寓里。）可知，此处是讲越来越多的年轻人选择种植室内植物。所以选项F（调查还发现，年轻人正在迅速推动室内植物的销售。）切合文意。故选F。
（4）根据后文“ These foreign plants might be very harmful to our environment.”（这些外来植物可能对我们的环境很有害。）可知，此处有关海外运来的植物。所以选项E（该公司发现，许多在网上购买的植物是从海外运来的。）切合文意。故选E。
（5）前文“In short, the Royal Horticultural Society encourages people to buy local（本地的）plants held in reusable pots that are filled with natural soil. ”（简而言之，皇家园艺学会鼓励人们购买本地植物，用可重复使用的花盆装满天然土壤。）讲到本地植物不会像海外植物一样有安全问题，他们可以给我们的生活带来好处。所以选项G（那么这些“活的”附加物将对我们自己和我们的环境都有好处。）切合文意。故选G。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及段首句、段中句和段末句，是一篇社会类说明文。要求考生在理解文章大意的前提下，注意分析文章结构和句与句之间、段与段之间的逻辑关系，通过同词复现、代词指代和上下文逻辑关系来选出正确答案。
8．【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）B；（9）A；（10）C；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Ryan Neighbors是一个四年级学生，从小无法行走，从而基本不能参加学校的旅行。但是在一次学校旅行中，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背着她旅行。这感动了很多人，也给Ryan Neighbors上了生动的一课。
（1）句意：为了不让一个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。A. reminding提醒；B. encouraging鼓励；C. allowing允许；D. warning警告。根据“carry 10-year-old Ryan Neighbors on a specially made backpack”可知，此处是指吉姆·弗里曼不允许这个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会。故选C。
（2）句意：为了不让一个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。A. volunteered自愿；B. organized组织；C. dreamed梦想；D. happened发生。根据“A primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one student was included during her class field trip. (肯塔基州的一名小学老师非常努力地确保一名学生参加了她的班级实地考察)”可知，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。故选A。
（3）句意：Neighbors的母亲谢莉·金说，她的女儿患有脊柱裂，一辈子都会在轮椅上度过。A. plan计划；B. wish愿望；C. class班级；D. life生活，生命。根据“her daughter has spina bifida”可知，Neighbors无法行走，一辈子都会在轮椅上度过。故选D。
（4）句意：由于不能使用轮椅，以前的学校旅行对这个小女孩来说是不可能的。A. impossible不可能的；B. regular规律的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. happy快乐的。根据“Because of the lack of wheelchair access”可知，因为不能使用轮椅，所以以前Neighbors不可能参加学校旅行。故选A。
（5）句意：Neighbors的家人得知，今年这班学生将去参观俄亥俄州立公园的瀑布。A. wandering漫游；B. knowing知道；C. visiting参观；D. remembering记得。根据前文“A primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one student was included during her class field trip.(肯塔基州的一名小学老师非常努力地确保一名学生参加了她的班级实地考察)”可知，这次也是一次班级旅行，所以此处是指参观俄亥俄州立公园的瀑布。故选C。
（6）句意：Neighbors去那里会很困难。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. difficult困难的；C. important重要的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“Because of the lack of wheelchair access, previous school trips had been impossible for the young girl.”可知，Neighbors去那里会很困难。故选B。
（7）句意：Neighbors去那里会很困难，所以这家人开始为她计划一次不同的旅行。A. schedule日程；B. vote投票；C. part部分；D. trip旅行。根据“It would be difficult for Neighbors to go there”可知，因为正常去那里会很困难，所以这家人开始为她计划一次不同的旅行。故选D。
（8）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. Gratefully感激地；B. Luckily幸运的是；C. Honestly诚实地；D. Equally平等地。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，她得到了老师的帮助，所以这件事非常幸运。故选B。
（9）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. classroom教室；B. park公园；C. farm农场；D. hospital医院。根据“teaches the class next door to”可知，这名老师是在她隔壁教室上课的。故选A。
（10）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. blanket毯子；B. bag包；C. backpack背包；D. car汽车。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼使用背包帮助了她旅行。故选C。
（11）句意：弗里曼的善良使金流下了眼泪。A. safety安全；B. strength力量；C. kindness善良；D. health健康。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼帮助了金的女儿，所以弗里曼的善良使金流下了眼泪。故选C。
（12）句意：这让我的心很温暖。A. heart心；B. mind想法；C. body身体；D. mood情绪。根据“Freeman kindness brought King to tears.”可知，弗里曼的行为让她心里觉得很温暖。故选A。
（13）句意：他甚至不是莱恩的老师，但他是如此的单纯，所以他决定确保她被包括在内，而不是被排除在外。A. returned返回；B. refused拒绝；C. failed失败；D. decided决定。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼帮助了金的女儿，所以此处是指他决定确保她被包括在内。故选D。
（14）句意：他甚至不是莱恩的老师，但他是如此的单纯，所以他决定确保她被包括在内，而不是被排除在外。A. dealt with处理；B. left out遗漏，排除在外；C. taken over接管，接收；D. brought out出版，生产。根据前文“make sure that she was included”可知，此处句意相同，意为“不被排除在外”。故选B。
（15）句意：金在社交媒体上赞扬了弗里曼和杰斐逊县公立学校的工作人员。A. develop发展；B. select挑选；C. praise赞扬；D. promise许诺。根据“Freeman's kindness brought King to tears.”可知，金很感动，所以在社交媒体上赞扬了弗里曼和杰斐逊县公立学校的工作人员。故选C。
（16）句意：到目前为止，这篇文章已经被分享了数千次。A. printed打印；B. shared分享；C. designed设计；D. written写作。根据“King took to social media (社交媒体) to praise Freeman and the staff at Jefferson County Public Schools.”可知，这是网上的一篇贴子，所以此处是指贴子已经被分享了数千次。故选B。
（17）句意：这只是你可以看到的一个行为，但我们在学校的每一天，每一年都在做无数次。A. comfortable舒服的；B. countless无数的；C. easy容易的；D. full充满的。根据“throughout the school day and throughout the year”可知，此处是指在平常的日子里同样善意的行为上演了无数次。故选B。
（18）句意：塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力.A. students学生；B. officers官员；C. workers工人；D. teachers老师。根据“we do this countless times throughout the school day and throughout the year”可知，此处是指塔利学校的老师们非常努力。故选D。
（19）句意：塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力。A. realize意识到；B. miss错过；C. order订购；D. protect保护。根据“This is just one physical act that you can see”可知，此处是指很多时候老师们的努力人们并没有意识到，所以塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力。故选A。
（20）句意：然而，这种慷慨的行为给她上了一课，她可能会坚持多年。A. chance机会；B. invitation邀请；C. lesson教训，课；D. system系统。根据“Never feel like you're left alone(永远不要觉得自己孤单一人)”可知，此处是指老师的慷慨的行为给她上了一课。故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词词义辨析，是一篇人物故事类记叙文，要求考生跳过空格理解全文大意，通过对比、总结、上下文语境、词汇复现、逻辑关系等，选出正确答案。
9．【答案】named；to have；said；for；concentrating；habits；Therefore；regularly；harmful；the
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年中通过不健康方式减肥的现象极其危害。
（1）句意：一个名叫詹妮弗·琼斯的十几岁的女孩昨天在晨间体育课上感到不舒服而晕倒了。动词name意为“给……命名”，和逻辑主语A teenage girl构成被动关系，且动作已完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。
（2）句意：在被送往医院后，她被发现有危险的低血糖水平。表示“被发现做某事”应用be found to do，故填to have。
（3）句意：她的父母说她通过不吃饭来减肥。本文是讲过去发生的事，所以应用一般过去时。故填said。
（4）句意：事实上，詹妮弗已经与饮食问题斗争了很长时间。表示“持续了很长时间”应用介词for。故填for。
（5）句意：因此，她在课堂上很难集中注意力。have trouble doing意为“做某事有困难”，为固定搭配。故填concentrating。
（6）句意：不健康的减肥习惯在青少年中变得很普遍。根据谓语动词have可知，此处主语为可数名词复数。故填habits。
（7）句意：因此，青少年有时会求助于极端的方法来迅速变瘦。前文“Being thin is often seen as being beautiful.”（苗条通常被认为是美丽的。）和后文构成因果关系，所以应用therefore。故填Therefore。
（8）句意：他们经常不吃饭，甚至吃减肥药。修饰动词skip应用副词。故填regularly。
（9）句意：这些方法证明对青少年有害。作表语应用形容词，文中提到的节食、吃减肥药这些方法都有害处。故填harmful。
（10）句意：生活得好是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。最高级safest and most effective前应用定冠词。故填the。
【点评】考查在语境中运用英语知识能力。本题考点涉及过去分词、不定式、时态、副词、名词单复数、形容词、冠词和介词固定搭配等必考点，是一篇生活类说明文，要求学生掌握高中必备的词汇和语法知识，会读懂原文大意，分析句子结构，并根据语境和构词法、语法规则等写出正确答案。
10．【答案】①poorly →poor；②在result前加a；③studying →study；④subject →subjects；⑤去掉one前面的to；⑥am →was；⑦interested →interesting；⑧on →in；⑨but →and；⑩you →we
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从贫苦人家的孩子通过努力学习获得美好人生的励志故事。
①考查形容词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我家很穷。在be动词后应用形容词作表语。故将poorly改为poor。
②考查固定搭配和冠词。句意：因此，我想努力学习，以便有一个不同的未来。as a result意为“因此，结果”，为固定搭配。故在result前加a。
③考查固定搭配。句意：因此，我想努力学习，以便有一个不同的未来。want to do意为“想做某事”，为固定搭配。故将studying改为study。
④考查名词复数。句意：在我的高中生活中，我花了我所有的时间学习那些困难的科目，这使我成为我们学校最好的学生之一。those后应用可数名词复数。故将subject改为subjects。
⑤考查动词用法和宾语补足语。句意：在我的高中生活中，我花了我所有的时间学习那些困难的科目，这使我成为我们学校最好的学生之一。分析可知，此处为“make+宾语+名词作宾语补足语”表示“使……成为……”，此处用one of the best students作宾语补足语。不需要用介词to。故去掉one前面的to。
⑥考查一般过去时。句意：毕业后，我被一所重点大学录取，在那里我认识了很多有趣的朋友。结合语境和After graduation可知，此处是指过去的事，应用一般过去时。故将am改为was。
⑦考查形容词。句意：毕业后，我被一所重点大学录取，在那里我认识了很多有趣的朋友。此处是指这些朋友很有趣，应用形容词interesting（有趣的）修饰。interested意为“感兴趣的”，不符合语境。故将interested改为interesting。
⑧考查介词。句意：现在，我在一家大公司工作，并且我能负担得起我想要的任何东西。表示“在一家大公司”应用介词in。故将on改为in。
⑨考查关联词。句意：现在，我在一家大公司工作，并且我能负担得起我想要的任何东西。前文“Now, I am working on a big company”和后文“I am able to afford anything I want”是顺承关系，应用关联词and。故将but改为and。
⑩考查人称代词。句意：所以我相信如果我们尽我们最大的努力，梦想就会成真。根据“try our best”可知，if从句中的主语应用we。故将you改为we。
【点评】考查综合运用英语知识能力。本题考点涉及形容词、冠词、名词单复数、代词、并列关联词、动词固定搭配和时态等必考点，是一篇人物故事类记叙文，要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，能够根据上下文判断时态的一致，并运用自己所学的词汇知识和语法知识分辨错点，正确改正。
11．【答案】Hello, everyone!
I'm glad to share with you about how I learn English.
Firstly, I listen to my teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks. After class I revise the lessons. And before the next class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. Then I will listen carefully in class.
Besides, I listen to the tape and speak with myself. It's really good for improving my listening and speaking.
Last but not least, I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
I believe, we can learn English well as long as we learn it hard.
That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一份发言稿，分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。第一步：审题；体裁：应用文；时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量一般将来时。结构：总分法；总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）listen to my teacher carefully; write the important points down on my notebooks; revise the lessons; prepare new lessons; listen to the tape; speak with myself; read English and magazines; enrich my knowledge on English culture第三步：连词成句1.Firstly, I listen to my teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks. 2. After class I revise the lessons. 3. And before the next class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. 4.Besides, I listen to the tape and speak with myself. 5.It's really good for improving my listening and speaking.6.Last but not least, I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly/First，2.表并列补充关系： Besides连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点评】考查综合运用英语知识的能力。范文审题清楚，思路清晰，细节符合实际，且运用了fisrtly, besides, last but not least等连接词，使得文章层次分明，且使用了revise、prepare、enrich、share with、 write down、find out等亮点词汇，以及（1）It's really good for improving my listening and speaking：动名词做宾语；（2）I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture：不定式做目的状语；（3）I believe, we can learn English well as long as we learn it hard.：as long as引导的条件状语从句......等高级句型，使得文章词汇丰富，句式多变，提高了文章的档次。
1 / 1安徽省江淮名校2020-2021学年高一下学期英语开学联考试卷
一、阅读选择
（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
Using
1900 as a starting point, here's a look at some of the most powerful and
destructive hurricanes in the last 120 years in the US.
Most
powerful hurricanes
Hurricane
Camille, which landed on August 17, 1969 near Waveland, Mississippi, is the
most powerful storm to strike the Gulf Coast. Camille is one of the four
category(级别)-5 hurricanes ever to make
a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane
Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018.
According to the National Weather Service, the actual wind speed of Hurricane Camille might be around 175 mph along the coast.
Until
the arrival of Hurricane Katrina, Camille's more than 24-foot storm wave in
Pass Christian, Mississippi, held the record. Katrina's storm wave along the
Mississippi coast reached 30 feet.
Costliest
hurricanes
Hurricane
Katrina is not only the costliest-ever US hurricane but also the most expensive
natural disaster in the country's history. Not only did it cost as many as
1,836 lives and leave millions of people homeless, but it also caused $ 160
billion in damages.
Katrina landed near the Gulf Coast on August 29,2005 as a category-3 storm. The hurricane's record-breaking waves flooded 80% of the city.
Deadliest
hurricanes
The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8,1900. It caused a 16-foot storm wave and its wind speed reached 150 mph.
A large part of the city of Galveston, Texas, was left in ruins. The number of death reached 12,000 on Galveston Island and the mainland. It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out.
1．How many category-5 storms have stricken the US since 1900
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
2．Which is the costliest hurricane in the US
A．Hurricane Camille. B．Hurricane Andrew.
C．Hurricane Katrina. D．Labor Day Hurricane.
3．Why has Hurricane Galveston become the deadliest weather disaster in the US
A．It has caught the people by surprise.
B．It has caused the biggest waves.
C．It has had the highest wind speed.
D．It has brought in the heaviest rainfall.
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自1900以来，过去120年来美国最强大、最具破坏性的飓风。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解的考查，是一篇自然类应用文。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，通过仔细查找，对比原文和选项，进行词义转换，选出正确答案。
1．根据Most powerful hurricanes部分第一段最后一句“Camille is one of the four category（级别）-5 hurricanes ever to make a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018.”（卡米尔飓风是登陆美国的4个5级飓风之一，其他3个分别是1935年劳动节飓风、1992年安德鲁飓风和2018年迈克尔飓风。）可知，自1900年以来，已有4次5级风暴袭击美国。故选D。
2．根据Costliest hurricanes部分第一句“Hurricane Katrina is not only the costliest-ever US hurricane but also the most expensive natural disaster in the country's history.”（卡特里娜飓风不仅是美国有史以来最昂贵的飓风，也是美国历史上最昂贵的自然灾害。）可知，给美国造成损失最大的飓风是卡特里娜飓风。故选C。
3．根据Deadliest hurricanes部分第一段第一句“The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8. 1900. ”（1900年9月8日，4级飓风加尔维斯顿在德克萨斯州海岸意外登陆。）和第二段最后一句“It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out.”（它仍然是美国历史上最致命的天气灾难，因为它让人们没有时间撤出去。）可知，因为它让人们措手不及，所以加尔维斯顿飓风成为美国最致命的天气灾害。故选A。
4．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
In
the summer of 1967, Walker was about to enter the sixth grade after having
recently moved to the new town. Her mother signed Walker up for Girl Scouts（童子军)to help her get used to the place. She was paired with a girl named
Laurie Luna in a four-person tent. At the camp, Walker and Lima's lives were
tightly tied. As a Girl Scout, you have someone to rely on, to know where
you're going, to talk over things with, and to develop a friendship. It was a
wonderful time for these girls to look back on.
After
boating with Luna one afternoon, lightning hit a tree outside the girls' tent.
"It happens in the mountains in summertime. Then a storm blew in and sent
us all to our tents," Walker remembers. "Lightning struck and its
path led through me. I was lying on the floor seriously burned and unconscious(昏迷的)."As bad luck would have it. Walker had been standing on her
bed at the time. Instantly, two-thirds of Walker's body was burned.
The
other three girls in the tent screamed and ran away, but Luna quickly realized
her friend was not among them. She thought Walker must be missing and went back
to look for her — only to find Walker on the floor of the tent. Seeing Walker,
she sped to the counselors, brought help and, in doing so, saved Walker. The
counselor raced to give Walker first aid treatment, who then was rushed to the
hospital by a nurse.
"The
timing of getting artificial respiration(人工呼吸)and
being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and
to continue on with my life——to be a teacher, a wife, a mother, and a part of
the world," Walker says.
（1）What can we say about Walker from the first paragraph
A．She was a newcomer to the town.
B．She and Luna became classmates.
C．Her mother disliked staying with her.
D．She was the fourth girl in Girl Scouts.
（2）What happened to Walker one afternoon
A．She got lost in the mountain. B．She was hit by a big lightning.
C．She was late for the boating. D．She was ill because of the storm.
（3）How was Walker saved at last
A．By relying on her strong will.
B．By calling someone for help.
C．By using her skills learned at school.
D．By receiving instant treatment in time.
（4）What can be inferred from the text
A．Walker had a few health problems after the treatment.
B．All girls in Walker's tent did something helpful for her.
C．Walker might be grateful for what Luna had done for her.
D．Luna sent Walker to the hospital with a nurse at once.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。1967年夏天，刚搬到新镇的沃克在参与童子军的活动中被雷电击中，所幸得到了朋友和辅导员的及时救助。
（1）根据第一段第一句“In the summer of 1967,Walker was about to enter the sixth grade after having recently moved to the new town. ”（1967年夏天，刚搬到新镇的沃克即将升入六年级。）可知，沃克刚搬到这个镇子。故选A。
（2）根据第二段第一句“After boating with Luna one afternoon, lightning hit a tree outside the girls' tent.”（一天下午，在和Luna划船后，闪电击中了女生帐篷外的一棵树）和第四句“Lightning struck and its path led through me. ”（闪电击中了我，穿过了我的身体。）可知，在一天下午，沃克被闪电击中。故选B。
（3）根据第三段的“The counselor raced to give Walker first aid treatment, who then was rushed to the hospital by a nurse.”（辅导员跑过去对沃克进行急救，随后一名护士迅速将沃克送往医院。）和最后一段第一句“The timing of getting artificial respiration（人工呼吸）and being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and to continue on with my life”（接受人工呼吸和及时被送往医院让我恢复了健康，几乎没有什么问题，我可以继续我的生活）可知，通过及时接受即时治疗，沃克最后被救了。故选D。
（4）根据最后一段第一句“The timing of getting artificial respiration（人工呼吸）and being taken to the hospital allowed me to recover with few health problems and to continue on with my life——to be a teacher, a wife, a mother, and a part of the world," Walker says.”（沃克说：“接受人工呼吸和及时被送往医院让我恢复了健康，几乎没有什么问题，我可以继续我的生活——成为一名老师、一个妻子、一位母亲和这个世界的一部分。”）可知，正是因为卢娜的行为，沃克才能活着，并继续自己精彩的人生。由此推知，沃克可能会感激卢娜为她所做的一切。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两大常考题型，是一篇人物故事类记叙文。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，理解故事发生的前因后果，理清人物关系，通过掌握具体事实和推理判断，选出正确的答案。
5．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
Bridging the gap between simple automation(自动化)and robots that can communicate with humans naturally is a big challenge, but major progress has been made in the past few years.
Research into social robots has shown that machines that respond to emotion(情感)can help the elderly and children, and could lead to robots becoming more widely socially acceptable.
Milo is both a robotic teacher and a student. Developers RoboKind created Milo to help children with autism(自闭症)learn more about emotional expression and empathy (共鸣) while collecting data on their progress to target learning and treatment. Milo's friendly face makes himself kind and the children are able to read his expressions.
Robots can also reduce stress in hospital settings. Expper Tech's Robin was designed as a robot to provide emotional support for children with medical treatment. Robin explains medical details to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment draws their attention away to reduce their feeling of pain.
Expper's robot uses Artificial Inteligence (AI) to create empathy, remembering expressions and conversations to build conversation for follow-up sessions. In trials at the Wigmore Medical Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan. Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% weakening in stress and improve happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted (互动) with him at least once.
Today's simple systems are being trained to meet that demand. This includes ProxEmo, a little wheeled robot that can guess how you are feeling from the way you walk, and ENRICHME who helps older people to stay physically and mentally active. The problem is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at dealing with social situations.
（1）What makes children feel Milo's kindness
A．Milo's appearance. B．Milo's speech.
C．Milo's hospital settings. D．Milo's way of walking.
（2）How does the author show Robin's advantage in paragraph 5
A．By listing numbers. B．By making comments.
C．By following the time order. D．By explaining the process.
（3）Which is the best choice for an old man who wants to be active
A．Milo. B．Robin. C．ProxEmo. D．ENRICHME.
（4）What do people mainly worry about
A．Robots can't meet their demand. B．Some people will be out of work.
C．A robot isn't widely acceptable. D．Robots can't deal with problems.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在简单的自动化和能够与人类进行自然交流的机器人之间架起桥梁是一个巨大的挑战，但在过去几年中已经取得了重大进展。文中介绍几款能够帮助人们的机器人。
（1）根据第三段最后一句“Milo's friendly face makes himself kind and the children are able to read his expressions.”（麦洛友好的脸使他自己很善良，孩子们能够读懂他的表情。）可知，麦洛的外貌能让孩子们感觉他很友好。故选A。
（2）根据第五段第二句“In trials at the Wigmore Medical Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan. Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% weakening in stress and improve happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted（互动）with him at least once.”（在亚美尼亚埃里温的威格莫尔儿科诊所进行的试验中，研究小组发现，在120个与罗宾至少接触过一次的孩子中，罗宾使压力降低了34%，提高了26%的幸福感。）可推知，作者通过数据来表明罗宾的优势。故选A。
（3）根据最后一段第二句中的“ENRICHME who helps older people to stay physically and mentally active”（帮助老年人保持身体和精神上的活跃的ENRICHME）可知，一名想要活跃起来的老人的最佳选择是ENRICHME。故选D。
（4）根据最后一段最后一句“The problem is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at dealing with social situations.”（问题在于人们担心，随着机器人变得更善于处理社会状况，人类可能会失去工作。）可知，人们主要担心一些人会失业。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两大常考题型，是一篇科技类说明文，要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，掌握具体的事实，通过对比原文信息，分析选项和推理判断，选出正确的答案。
6．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读理解
On
April 30. 2020, the world's most famous musicians met online to celebrate the
tenth International Jazz Day. with the hope to revive jazz music and explore
its possibility as a unifying voice across cultures.
Despite
the celebrations, though, the jazz audience continues to grow older because the
music has failed to attract the younger generations. It's their job to help
change that.
Jason
Moran, the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, was one of the
musicians. He hopes to widen the audience for jazz and make the music more
accessible and enjoyable.
"Jazz
seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite (胃口)." Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.
"I hope that the younger generations understand that jazz is not black
anymore. It's actually colorful, and it's actually digital.
Moran
says one of the problems with jazz today is that the fun side of the music has
been lost. "Today, the music can't be presented the way it was in 1908 or
1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the
same." says Moran.
Last
year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance
party," I just wanted to put it back in the mind that Waller is dance
music as much as it is concert music. says Moran." For me, it's just to re
— contextualize. Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider
context. It can be adapted to (适应) different
situations.
During
the interview, he asked- "In music, where does the feeling lie Are we, as
humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how
to talk about ourselves and how a Fats Waller record gets us into a dialogue
about our emotions and our thoughts "
He
added that most of the musicians have recognized the need and agreed to
continue those dialogues for the year.
（1）Why did the musicians meet online on April 30
A．To celebrate the Jazz Day. B．To show the value of jazz.
C．To remember the birth of jazz. D．To protect different jazz cultures.
（2）What does the underlined word "re — contextualize" in paragraph 6 mean
A．To mix jazz with other music.
B．To adapt to different situations.
C．To be performed by different bands.
D．To play with more advanced instruments.
（3）What does Moran think of jazz
A．It will disappear gradually. B．It should be black and white.
C．It has to keep up with the times. D．It has become more popular.
（4）What can be the best title for the text
A．The Rise and Fall of Jazz B．Goals Set for Jazz Day 2020
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．The New Problems With Jazz
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。2020年4月30日，世界上最著名的音乐家在线聚会，庆祝第十届国际爵士日，并设立了2020年的目标。
（1）根据第一段第一句“On April 30. 2020, the world's most famous musicians met online to celebrate the tenth International Jazz Day.”（2020年4月30日，世界上最著名的音乐家在线聚会，庆祝第十届国际爵士日。）可知，这些音乐家4月30日在网上聚会是为了庆祝爵士日。故选A。
（2）根据第六段最后两句“Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context. It can be adapted to（适应）different situations.”（有时我们忽略了音乐有更广泛的背景。它可以适应不同的情况。）可知，re — contextualize的意思是适应不同的情况。故选B。
（3）根据第五段第二句和第三句“Today, the music can't be presented the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same. ”（今天，音乐已经不能像1908年或1958年那样呈现了。它必须继续前进，因为世界运行的方式是不一样的。）可知，Moran认为爵士乐应该与时俱进。故选C。
（4）根据第二段“Despite the celebrations, though, the jazz audience continues to grow older because the music has failed to attract the younger generations. It's their job to help change that.”（尽管有这些庆祝活动，但爵士乐的观众仍在不断变老，因为这种音乐未能吸引年轻一代。他们的工作就是帮助改变这种状况。）可知，这次庆祝的重点在于改变爵士乐不再有吸引力的现状，根据第三段第二句“He hopes to widen the audience for jazz and make the music more accessible and enjoyable.”（他希望能扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐更容易理解，更令人愉快。）可知，在这次庆祝聚会上音乐家们立下了扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐更容易理解，更令人愉快的目标。所以选项B（为2020年的爵士乐日设定的目标）是最好的标题。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意三大常考题型，是一篇社会文化类新闻报道。要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，掌握具体信息，对文章进行归纳总结，通过上下文语境猜测词汇意思，以及通过人物的言语来推断人物的态度，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读
7．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）任务型阅读
There's
no place like home, where we're surrounded by our favorite foods and many other
comforts. Most important of all, we can keep adding favorite things to give our
homes a personal touch. 　 　
Of
course, we can be easily attracted to these unique plants. They can add a
natural touch to our homes.　 　According
to the Royal Horticultural Society, nearly 72% of adults in the UK have some
houseplants in their homes, and a fifth of adults say they use plants in their
homes to make them feel happier.
　 　The
reason is that more and more young people are living in flats without a garden.
One of those interviewed by the Royal Horticultural Society is 24-year-old
Daisy Hale. She said, "Being able to beautify the small room without
having to spend too much is perfect for me."
Despite
the benefits, the Royal Horticultural Society is deeply concerned that the
houseplants might not be good for the environment. 　 　 These foreign plants might be very harmful to
our environment. It is also worried about the plastic pots that hold the plants
and the type of peat (泥炭) that the plants are
grown in.
In
short, the Royal Horticultural Society encourages people to buy local（本地的）plants held in reusable pots that are filled with natural soil. 　 　
A. Some of those popular
things are houseplants.
B. However, some of these
houseplants are too expensive.
C. Many experts are opposed
to buying houseplants for homes.
D. They have the ability to
brighten up a room with acceptable costs.
E. It has found that many of
the plants bought online are shipped from overseas.
F. It has also found that
young people are driving up the sales of houseplants very fast.
G. Then these "living"
additions will be good for ourselves and for our environment.
【答案】A；D；F；E；G
【知识点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了室内植物的大受欢迎，并且提倡购买本地植物。
（1）前文“Most important of all, we can keep adding favorite things to give our homes a personal touch. ”（最重要的是，我们可以不断添加我们喜欢的东西，给我们的家带来个人的感觉。）中的favorite things对应选项A中的those popular things，后文“Of course, we can be easily attracted to these unique plants. ”（当然，我们很容易被这些独特的植物所吸引。）对应选项A中的houseplants。所以选项A（一些受欢迎的东西是室内植物。）切合文意。故选A。
（2）根据前文“They can add a natural touch to our homes.”（它们可以给我们的家增添一种自然的感觉。）可知，室内植物能够点亮房间，根据后文“According to the Royal Horticultural Society, nearly 72% of adults in the UK have some houseplants in their homes, and a fifth of adults say they use plants in their homes to make them feel happier.”（根据皇家园艺学会的数据，在英国，近72%的成年人家里有一些室内植物，五分之一的成年人说他们在家里种植植物是为了让自己感觉更快乐。）可知，大部分的人都会种植室内植物，所以它们的价格可以接受。所以选项D（他们有能力用可接受的成本使房间明亮起来。）切合文意。故选D。
（3）根据后文“The reason is that more and more young people are living in flats without a garden. ”（原因是越来越多的年轻人住在没有花园的公寓里。）可知，此处是讲越来越多的年轻人选择种植室内植物。所以选项F（调查还发现，年轻人正在迅速推动室内植物的销售。）切合文意。故选F。
（4）根据后文“ These foreign plants might be very harmful to our environment.”（这些外来植物可能对我们的环境很有害。）可知，此处有关海外运来的植物。所以选项E（该公司发现，许多在网上购买的植物是从海外运来的。）切合文意。故选E。
（5）前文“In short, the Royal Horticultural Society encourages people to buy local（本地的）plants held in reusable pots that are filled with natural soil. ”（简而言之，皇家园艺学会鼓励人们购买本地植物，用可重复使用的花盆装满天然土壤。）讲到本地植物不会像海外植物一样有安全问题，他们可以给我们的生活带来好处。所以选项G（那么这些“活的”附加物将对我们自己和我们的环境都有好处。）切合文意。故选G。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。本题考点涉及段首句、段中句和段末句，是一篇社会类说明文。要求考生在理解文章大意的前提下，注意分析文章结构和句与句之间、段与段之间的逻辑关系，通过同词复现、代词指代和上下文逻辑关系来选出正确答案。
三、完形填空
8．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）完形填空
A
primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one
student was included during her class field trip. Instead of （1） a fourth-grader who uses a wheelchair to miss
out, Jim Freeman, a teacher at Tully Primary School, （2） to carry 10-year-old Ryan Neighbors on a
specially made backpack.
Shelly
King, Neighbors' mother, says that her daughter has spina bifida (脊柱裂) and has used a wheelchair for her （3） .
Because of the lack of wheelchair access, previous school trips had been （4） for the young girl.
Neighbors'
family found out that this year the class would be （5） the Falls of the Ohio State Park. It would be （6） for Neighbors to go there, so the family
started to plan a different （7） just for her. （8） ,
Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' （9） ,
stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a （10） .
Freeman's
（11） brought King to tears.
"It warmed my （12） ", King said, "He's not even Ryan's
teacher and he was so pure-hearted that he （13） to make sure that she was included and not （14） ."
Neighbors' mother said.
King
took to social media (社交媒体)to （15） Freeman and the staff at Jefferson County
Public Schools. So far, the post has been （16） thousands of times.
"This
is just one physical act that you can see, but we do this （17） times throughout the school day and throughout
the year,” Freeman responded. "All the （18） here at Tully work harder than most people （19） ."
For
Neighbors, however, the generous act provided a(n) （20） that would likely stick with her for years.
"Never feel like you're left alone," Neighbors said.
（1）A．reminding B．encouraging C．allowing D．warning
（2）A．volunteered B．organized C．dreamed D．happened
（3）A．plan B．wish C．class D．life
（4）A．impossible B．regular C．meaningful D．happy
（5）A．wandering B．knowing C．visiting D．remembering
（6）A．exciting B．difficult C．important D．interesting
（7）A．schedule B．vote C．part D．trip
（8）A．Gratefully B．Luckily C．Honestly D．Equally
（9）A．classroom B．park C．farm D．hospital
（10）A．blanket B．bag C．backpack D．car
（11）A．safety B．strength C．kindness D．health
（12）A．heart B．mind C．body D．mood
（13）A．returned B．refused C．failed D．decided
（14）A．dealt with B．left
out C．taken over D．brought out
（15）A．develop B．select C．praise D．promise
（16）A．printed B．shared C．designed D．written
（17）A．comfortable B．countless C．easy D．full
（18）A．students B．officers C．workers D．teachers
（19）A．realize B．miss C．order D．protect
（20）A．chance B．invitation C．lesson D．system
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）B；（9）A；（10）C；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）C
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Ryan Neighbors是一个四年级学生，从小无法行走，从而基本不能参加学校的旅行。但是在一次学校旅行中，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背着她旅行。这感动了很多人，也给Ryan Neighbors上了生动的一课。
（1）句意：为了不让一个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。A. reminding提醒；B. encouraging鼓励；C. allowing允许；D. warning警告。根据“carry 10-year-old Ryan Neighbors on a specially made backpack”可知，此处是指吉姆·弗里曼不允许这个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会。故选C。
（2）句意：为了不让一个坐轮椅的四年级学生错过机会，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。A. volunteered自愿；B. organized组织；C. dreamed梦想；D. happened发生。根据“A primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one student was included during her class field trip. (肯塔基州的一名小学老师非常努力地确保一名学生参加了她的班级实地考察)”可知，塔利小学的老师吉姆·弗里曼自愿用特制的背包背10岁的Ryan Neighbors。故选A。
（3）句意：Neighbors的母亲谢莉·金说，她的女儿患有脊柱裂，一辈子都会在轮椅上度过。A. plan计划；B. wish愿望；C. class班级；D. life生活，生命。根据“her daughter has spina bifida”可知，Neighbors无法行走，一辈子都会在轮椅上度过。故选D。
（4）句意：由于不能使用轮椅，以前的学校旅行对这个小女孩来说是不可能的。A. impossible不可能的；B. regular规律的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. happy快乐的。根据“Because of the lack of wheelchair access”可知，因为不能使用轮椅，所以以前Neighbors不可能参加学校旅行。故选A。
（5）句意：Neighbors的家人得知，今年这班学生将去参观俄亥俄州立公园的瀑布。A. wandering漫游；B. knowing知道；C. visiting参观；D. remembering记得。根据前文“A primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to make sure that one student was included during her class field trip.(肯塔基州的一名小学老师非常努力地确保一名学生参加了她的班级实地考察)”可知，这次也是一次班级旅行，所以此处是指参观俄亥俄州立公园的瀑布。故选C。
（6）句意：Neighbors去那里会很困难。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. difficult困难的；C. important重要的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“Because of the lack of wheelchair access, previous school trips had been impossible for the young girl.”可知，Neighbors去那里会很困难。故选B。
（7）句意：Neighbors去那里会很困难，所以这家人开始为她计划一次不同的旅行。A. schedule日程；B. vote投票；C. part部分；D. trip旅行。根据“It would be difficult for Neighbors to go there”可知，因为正常去那里会很困难，所以这家人开始为她计划一次不同的旅行。故选D。
（8）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. Gratefully感激地；B. Luckily幸运的是；C. Honestly诚实地；D. Equally平等地。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，她得到了老师的帮助，所以这件事非常幸运。故选B。
（9）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. classroom教室；B. park公园；C. farm农场；D. hospital医院。根据“teaches the class next door to”可知，这名老师是在她隔壁教室上课的。故选A。
（10）句意：幸运的是，隔壁教室的老师弗里曼走了进来，用背包帮她在公园里转了一圈。A. blanket毯子；B. bag包；C. backpack背包；D. car汽车。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼使用背包帮助了她旅行。故选C。
（11）句意：弗里曼的善良使金流下了眼泪。A. safety安全；B. strength力量；C. kindness善良；D. health健康。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼帮助了金的女儿，所以弗里曼的善良使金流下了眼泪。故选C。
（12）句意：这让我的心很温暖。A. heart心；B. mind想法；C. body身体；D. mood情绪。根据“Freeman kindness brought King to tears.”可知，弗里曼的行为让她心里觉得很温暖。故选A。
（13）句意：他甚至不是莱恩的老师，但他是如此的单纯，所以他决定确保她被包括在内，而不是被排除在外。A. returned返回；B. refused拒绝；C. failed失败；D. decided决定。根据“Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors' classroom, stepped in and helped carry her around the park using a backpack”可知，弗里曼帮助了金的女儿，所以此处是指他决定确保她被包括在内。故选D。
（14）句意：他甚至不是莱恩的老师，但他是如此的单纯，所以他决定确保她被包括在内，而不是被排除在外。A. dealt with处理；B. left out遗漏，排除在外；C. taken over接管，接收；D. brought out出版，生产。根据前文“make sure that she was included”可知，此处句意相同，意为“不被排除在外”。故选B。
（15）句意：金在社交媒体上赞扬了弗里曼和杰斐逊县公立学校的工作人员。A. develop发展；B. select挑选；C. praise赞扬；D. promise许诺。根据“Freeman's kindness brought King to tears.”可知，金很感动，所以在社交媒体上赞扬了弗里曼和杰斐逊县公立学校的工作人员。故选C。
（16）句意：到目前为止，这篇文章已经被分享了数千次。A. printed打印；B. shared分享；C. designed设计；D. written写作。根据“King took to social media (社交媒体) to praise Freeman and the staff at Jefferson County Public Schools.”可知，这是网上的一篇贴子，所以此处是指贴子已经被分享了数千次。故选B。
（17）句意：这只是你可以看到的一个行为，但我们在学校的每一天，每一年都在做无数次。A. comfortable舒服的；B. countless无数的；C. easy容易的；D. full充满的。根据“throughout the school day and throughout the year”可知，此处是指在平常的日子里同样善意的行为上演了无数次。故选B。
（18）句意：塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力.A. students学生；B. officers官员；C. workers工人；D. teachers老师。根据“we do this countless times throughout the school day and throughout the year”可知，此处是指塔利学校的老师们非常努力。故选D。
（19）句意：塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力。A. realize意识到；B. miss错过；C. order订购；D. protect保护。根据“This is just one physical act that you can see”可知，此处是指很多时候老师们的努力人们并没有意识到，所以塔利所有的老师工作都比大多数人想象的要努力。故选A。
（20）句意：然而，这种慷慨的行为给她上了一课，她可能会坚持多年。A. chance机会；B. invitation邀请；C. lesson教训，课；D. system系统。根据“Never feel like you're left alone(永远不要觉得自己孤单一人)”可知，此处是指老师的慷慨的行为给她上了一课。故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词词义辨析，是一篇人物故事类记叙文，要求考生跳过空格理解全文大意，通过对比、总结、上下文语境、词汇复现、逻辑关系等，选出正确答案。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
9．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
teenage girl 　 　(name) Jennifer Jones felt unwell and
fainted in her morning PE lesson yesterday. After rushing to hospital, she was
found 　 　 (have) dangerously low blood sugar levels. Her
parents 　 　 (say) that she tried to lose weight by
skipping meals. In fact, Jennifer has struggled with eating problems 　 　a
long time. Because of this, she had trouble 　 　 (concentrate) in class.
Unhealthy
weight-loss 　 　 (habit) have become common among teenagers.
Being thin is often seen as being beautiful. 　 　 teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to
slim down quickly. They 　 　 (regular) skip meals and even eat weight-loss
pills. These methods prove to be 　 　 (harm) to teenagers.
Teenagers
should have a healthy balanced diet to make sure they have enough nutrition.
What's more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay
energetic and fit. Living well is 　 　 safest and most effective way to get into
shape.
【答案】named；to have；said；for；concentrating；habits；Therefore；regularly；harmful；the
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年中通过不健康方式减肥的现象极其危害。
（1）句意：一个名叫詹妮弗·琼斯的十几岁的女孩昨天在晨间体育课上感到不舒服而晕倒了。动词name意为“给……命名”，和逻辑主语A teenage girl构成被动关系，且动作已完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。
（2）句意：在被送往医院后，她被发现有危险的低血糖水平。表示“被发现做某事”应用be found to do，故填to have。
（3）句意：她的父母说她通过不吃饭来减肥。本文是讲过去发生的事，所以应用一般过去时。故填said。
（4）句意：事实上，詹妮弗已经与饮食问题斗争了很长时间。表示“持续了很长时间”应用介词for。故填for。
（5）句意：因此，她在课堂上很难集中注意力。have trouble doing意为“做某事有困难”，为固定搭配。故填concentrating。
（6）句意：不健康的减肥习惯在青少年中变得很普遍。根据谓语动词have可知，此处主语为可数名词复数。故填habits。
（7）句意：因此，青少年有时会求助于极端的方法来迅速变瘦。前文“Being thin is often seen as being beautiful.”（苗条通常被认为是美丽的。）和后文构成因果关系，所以应用therefore。故填Therefore。
（8）句意：他们经常不吃饭，甚至吃减肥药。修饰动词skip应用副词。故填regularly。
（9）句意：这些方法证明对青少年有害。作表语应用形容词，文中提到的节食、吃减肥药这些方法都有害处。故填harmful。
（10）句意：生活得好是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。最高级safest and most effective前应用定冠词。故填the。
【点评】考查在语境中运用英语知识能力。本题考点涉及过去分词、不定式、时态、副词、名词单复数、形容词、冠词和介词固定搭配等必考点，是一篇生活类说明文，要求学生掌握高中必备的词汇和语法知识，会读懂原文大意，分析句子结构，并根据语境和构词法、语法规则等写出正确答案。
五、短文改错
10．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文.请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My
family was very poorly when I was a child. My parents lost their jobs and lived
with heavy pressure. As result, I wanted to studying hard so as to have a
different future. During my high school life, I spent all my time studying
those difficult subject, which made me to one of the best students in our
school. After graduation, I am admitted to a key university where I met a lot
of interested friends. Now, I am working on a big company but I am able to
afford anything I want. What's more, my parents also have found new jobs. So I
believe that our dreams will come true if you try our best.
【答案】①poorly →poor；②在result前加a；③studying →study；④subject →subjects；⑤去掉one前面的to；⑥am →was；⑦interested →interesting；⑧on →in；⑨but →and；⑩you →we
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从贫苦人家的孩子通过努力学习获得美好人生的励志故事。
①考查形容词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我家很穷。在be动词后应用形容词作表语。故将poorly改为poor。
②考查固定搭配和冠词。句意：因此，我想努力学习，以便有一个不同的未来。as a result意为“因此，结果”，为固定搭配。故在result前加a。
③考查固定搭配。句意：因此，我想努力学习，以便有一个不同的未来。want to do意为“想做某事”，为固定搭配。故将studying改为study。
④考查名词复数。句意：在我的高中生活中，我花了我所有的时间学习那些困难的科目，这使我成为我们学校最好的学生之一。those后应用可数名词复数。故将subject改为subjects。
⑤考查动词用法和宾语补足语。句意：在我的高中生活中，我花了我所有的时间学习那些困难的科目，这使我成为我们学校最好的学生之一。分析可知，此处为“make+宾语+名词作宾语补足语”表示“使……成为……”，此处用one of the best students作宾语补足语。不需要用介词to。故去掉one前面的to。
⑥考查一般过去时。句意：毕业后，我被一所重点大学录取，在那里我认识了很多有趣的朋友。结合语境和After graduation可知，此处是指过去的事，应用一般过去时。故将am改为was。
⑦考查形容词。句意：毕业后，我被一所重点大学录取，在那里我认识了很多有趣的朋友。此处是指这些朋友很有趣，应用形容词interesting（有趣的）修饰。interested意为“感兴趣的”，不符合语境。故将interested改为interesting。
⑧考查介词。句意：现在，我在一家大公司工作，并且我能负担得起我想要的任何东西。表示“在一家大公司”应用介词in。故将on改为in。
⑨考查关联词。句意：现在，我在一家大公司工作，并且我能负担得起我想要的任何东西。前文“Now, I am working on a big company”和后文“I am able to afford anything I want”是顺承关系，应用关联词and。故将but改为and。
⑩考查人称代词。句意：所以我相信如果我们尽我们最大的努力，梦想就会成真。根据“try our best”可知，if从句中的主语应用we。故将you改为we。
【点评】考查综合运用英语知识能力。本题考点涉及形容词、冠词、名词单复数、代词、并列关联词、动词固定搭配和时态等必考点，是一篇人物故事类记叙文，要求考生在读懂文章大意的前提下，能够根据上下文判断时态的一致，并运用自己所学的词汇知识和语法知识分辨错点，正确改正。
六、开放性作文
11．（2021高一下·安徽开学考）进入高中,英语学习的难度加大,部分同学感觉有些吃力。为此,你的班级将开展一场英语 学习经验交流会。现在,你来准备一份发言稿,分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。
注意：1）词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone!
……
That's
all. Thank you.
【答案】Hello, everyone!
I'm glad to share with you about how I learn English.
Firstly, I listen to my teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks. After class I revise the lessons. And before the next class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. Then I will listen carefully in class.
Besides, I listen to the tape and speak with myself. It's really good for improving my listening and speaking.
Last but not least, I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
I believe, we can learn English well as long as we learn it hard.
That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一份发言稿，分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。第一步：审题；体裁：应用文；时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量一般将来时。结构：总分法；总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 分享不少于三条英语学习的方法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）listen to my teacher carefully; write the important points down on my notebooks; revise the lessons; prepare new lessons; listen to the tape; speak with myself; read English and magazines; enrich my knowledge on English culture第三步：连词成句1.Firstly, I listen to my teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks. 2. After class I revise the lessons. 3. And before the next class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. 4.Besides, I listen to the tape and speak with myself. 5.It's really good for improving my listening and speaking.6.Last but not least, I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly/First，2.表并列补充关系： Besides连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点评】考查综合运用英语知识的能力。范文审题清楚，思路清晰，细节符合实际，且运用了fisrtly, besides, last but not least等连接词，使得文章层次分明，且使用了revise、prepare、enrich、share with、 write down、find out等亮点词汇，以及（1）It's really good for improving my listening and speaking：动名词做宾语；（2）I often read English and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture：不定式做目的状语；（3）I believe, we can learn English well as long as we learn it hard.：as long as引导的条件状语从句......等高级句型，使得文章词汇丰富，句式多变，提高了文章的档次。
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