2012新课标同步导学高一英语课件：5.4（1人教·安徽专版必修1）

(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing
定语从句(Ⅱ)
关系副词和“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 用　法
when＝in/at/on which 在从句中作时间状语，先行词为表示时间的名词，如time，day，year等
where＝in/at/on which 在从句中作地点状语，先行词为表示地点的名词，如place，house，school，company等
why＝for which 在从句中作原因状语，先行词为表示原因的名词，如reason
①I’ll never forget the time when(＝on which) we worked on the farm.我将永远不忘我们在农场共同工作的时光。
②Do you still remember the afternoon when(＝in which) we first met three years ago
你还记得三年前我们第一次相见的那个下午吗？
③The hotel where (＝ at which) we stayed was very clean.
我们住的那个旅馆很干净。
④Shanghai is the place where(＝in which) she was born.
上海是她的出生地。
⑤The reason why(＝for which) we don’t trust him is that he often lies.我们不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。
⑥The reason why (＝for which) he was late was that he missed his train.他迟到的原因是错过了火车。
1．关系副词和关系代词的判断方法
关系副词和关系代词的选择是根据先行词在定语从句中所作的成分而定的。若是作状语，用关系副词或“介词＋which”；若是作主语或宾语，则用关系代词。
①I’ll never forget the days (that/which) I spent with my teacher.(关系代词that/which作spent的宾语)
我永远也忘不了我同老师一起度过的日子。
②I’ll never forget the days when I played with you.(关系副词when在从句中作状语)
我决不会忘记和你一起玩耍的日子。
③The factory (that/which) we visited yesterday was built last year.(关系代词that/which作visited的宾语)
昨天我们参观的工厂是去年建成的。
④The factory where he works was built last year.(关系副词where在从句中作状语)
他工作的那家工厂是去年建成的。
⑤This is the reason (that/which) she gave me for doing it.(关系代词that/which作gave的宾语)
这是她讲给我做这件事的理由。
⑥Do you know the reason why he came late？(关系代词why在从句中作状语)你知道他迟到的原因吗？
2．一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况：如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation，part，condition，stage和case等表示抽象意义的词，也常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。
①I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
②The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
3．reason后定语从句的引导词
先行词reason之后的定语从句并非总是由关系副词why引导，当从句中缺少宾语或主语的时候，关系词要使用代词that或which。
Is this the reason that he explained for his carelessness in his work？这就是他为工作中的粗心大意所解释的理由吗？
4．way作先行词，其定语从句的引导词通常有三种形式that，in which或省略。
I don’t like the way that/in which/(×)she speaks.
我不喜欢她讲话的方式。
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
类型及注意事项 例　句
介词＋which The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很有名。
介词＋whom This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.这是昨天跟我打网球的男孩。
含有介词的固定短语一般不拆开，仍放在动词短语的后面。例如：look for，look after，take care of等 ①This is the watch (which/ that) I am looking for.(正)
这就是我正在找的手表。
②This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)
③The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.(正)
护士们照料的婴儿很健康。
④The babies after whom the nurses are looking are healthy.(误)
who和that不能作介词的宾语，介词后关系代词只能用whom (指人)，which(指物)和whose(所有格，既指人也指物) ①The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)
你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
②The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour.(误)
③The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)
我们去加拿大所乘的飞机确实很舒服。
④The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)
注意： 使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，选择介词的方法
①根据动词与介词的搭配。
The dictionary on which he spent 119 yuan was published in Beijing.他花119元买的词典是在北京出版的。
②根据形容词与介词的搭配。
The student to whom I want to be grateful is Tom.
我想感谢的那个学生是汤姆。
③根据名词与介词的搭配。
I don’t like the way in which he talks.
我不喜欢他说话的那种方式。
④根据从句的意义来确定介词。
My computer，without which I can’t play computer games，crashed yesterday.
昨天我的电脑系统瘫痪了，没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。
Ⅰ.用关系代词、关系副词或介词＋关系代词完成下列句子
1．This is the hero________________we are proud.
答案：　of whom
2．The hotel________________he stayed with his father for one night is a five star hotel.
答案：　where/in which
3．That was the pen________________he wrote the letter.
答案： 　with which
4．The years ________________they stayed in the countryside were a good experience for them.
答案： 　when/in which/during which
5．Great changes have taken place in the school________________we studied twenty years ago.
答案： 　where/in which/at which
6．Do you know the man________________I shook hands just now
答案： 　with whom
7．The book________________I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist.
答案： 　from which
8．The reason________________he left his home was that he wanted to find a good job in the city.
答案： 　why/for which
9．This is the place________________he works.
This is the place________________we visited last year.
答案： 　where；that/which
10．That was the time________________he arrived.
Do you still remember the days________________we spent together
答案： 　when；that/which
11．This is the reason________________he went.
The reason ________________he gave us was quite reasonable.
答案： 　why；that/which
12．His father works in a factory________________radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory________________makes radio parts.
答案： 　where；that/which
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town________he grew up as a child.
A．which　　　　 B．where
C．that D．when
解析：　先行词town为地点名词，定语从句缺少地点状语，故用where。
答案：　B
2．________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A．Which B．As
C．That D．It
解析：　as引导定语从句，修饰其后面的整个句子。
答案：　B
3．There are many things in different areas________we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS.
A．where B．there
C．what D．that
解析：　这是分隔式定语从句，先行词是things，that引导的定语从句被in different areas分开，that在从句中作do的宾语。
答案：　D
4．Do you still remember the day________we first met
A．that B．when
C．what D．on that
解析：　the day作先行词，定语从句中缺时间状语，故选B。
答案：　B
5．The noise from the karaoke hall is coming to a point________we can’t put up with it .
A．that B．where
C．when D．why
解析：　先行词为a point表示“抽象地点”，故用where引导定语从句。句意为：从卡拉OK大厅传出的噪音已经达到我们无法忍受的地步。
答案：　B
6．The engineer________my father works is about 60 years old.
A．to whom B．on whom
C．with which D．with whom
解析：　句意为：和我爸爸一块工作的那个工程师大约60岁了。work with sb.和某人一块工作。
答案：　D
7．The reason________I’m writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday.
A．because B．why
C．how D．which
解析：　先行词为表示原因的reason，定语从句中主、谓、宾俱全，缺少的是状语，故只能选关系副词why。
答案：　B
8．He has two sons，________work as chemists.
A．two of whom B．both of whom
C．both of which D．all of whom
解析：　先行词是两个人，他们中的两个习惯上用both of...关系词指代人且作of的宾语，故用whom。
答案：　B
9．He is a man of great experience，________ much can be learned.
A．who B．that
C．from which D．from whom
解析：　先行词是a man，learn from sb.“从某人那里可以学到……”。故选D。
答案：　D
10．There are several research centers in China________a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.
A．which B．where
C．when D．what
解析：　因为先行词是research centers并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。
答案：　B
11．The English play________my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A．for which B．at which
C．in which D．on which
解析：　定语从句的正常语序为my students acted in the English play，此处将介词提前了，故选C。
答案：　C
12．Carol said the work would be done by October，________personally I doubt very much.
A．it B．that
C．when D．which
解析：　which引导定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。
答案：　D
13．I’ll never forget the days________I stayed in your beautiful country.
A．when B．where
C．on which D．that
解析：　本题题干是一个含定语从句的复合句，先行词为表示时间的名词the days，又因定语从句中的stay为不及物动词，故应选关系副词when，when在定语从句中作状语。也可用“in＋which”来引导该定语从句。
答案：　A
14．May the fourth is the day________we Chinese people will never forget.
A．which B．when
C．on which D．about which
解析：　the day作先行词尽管指时间，但在定语从句中作forget的宾语，故选A。
答案：　A
15．We are living in an age________everything is changing rapidly.
A．which B．that
C．in that D．when
解析：　when引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。
答案：　D
描述一位名人
一、题目要求
请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于著名科学家钱学森的简介。钱学森，1911年生于上海。1935年赴美留学，成绩优异，受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉；1938年在美国获航空、数学博士学位；
1950年获悉新中国成立的消息，克服了美国政府的百般阻挠，于1955年回到祖国；1958年起长期担任航空航天研究工作，为新中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献，被誉为“新中国航天之父”；2008年，被评为“2007年度感动中国人物”；2009年于北京去世。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．内容要适当发挥，注意行文连贯；
3．题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4．参考词汇：航天航空科学技术aerospace science and technology；感动中国年度人物People Who Moved China in 2007
Qian Xuesen，regarded as the father of China’s space program，
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二、关键词语
中国航天之父 the father of China’s space program
做出巨大贡献 contribute a lot to
赴美留学 go to America for further study
中国的航天事业 the cause of China’s aerospace
受到赞誉 be thought highly of
被誉为 be honoured as
获得博士学位 obtain the doctor’s degree
投入 be devoted to
三、连词成句
1．钱学森，被认为是中国航天之父，于1911年生于上海。
Qian Xuesen，regarded as the father of China’s space program，was born in 1911 in Shanghai.
2．1935年赴美留学，成绩优异，受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉。
In 1935，Qian went to America for further study and was thought highly of by Von Karman because of his great achievements.
3．1938年在美国获得航空、数学博士。
In 1938，he obtained his doctor’s degree in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.
4．1950年获悉新中国成立的消息，并于1955年回到祖国全身心地投入到中国的航天事业并作出巨大贡献。
In 1950，he heard New China had been founded and succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955.Since then he had been devoted to aerospace science and contributed a lot to the cause of China’s aerospace.
四、构思谋篇