2012新课标同步导学高一英语课件：4.2（人教·陕西专版必修2）

(共94张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Warming up & Reading—Language points
respond v．回答；回应；有反应
①Daisy responded immediately.“I’d like to see some endangered wildlife，” she said.(教材P26)戴茜立刻回答道：“我想去看看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。”
②I asked her what the time was，but she didn’t respond.
我问她什么时候了，但她没回答。
③How did she respond to the news？她对那条新闻有何反应？
④When he asked me my work experience，I responded that I had been working abroad since 1998.当他问我的工作经历时，我回答说我从1998年以来一直在国外工作。
⑤She never responded to my letter.
她从来没给我回过信。
response n．[C] 应答，回答；[U] 感应，反应
⑥She made no response，which made me very angry.
她没有回答，这使我非常生气。
1.I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn’t________it.
A．respond to　　　 B．respond
C．make response D．in response to
解析：　句意为：我建议他制订一个新计划，但是他没有回应。respond to对……做出反应。
答案：　A
mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
①Farmers hunted us without mercy.(教材P26)
农民毫不留情地捕杀我们。
②The judge showed little mercy to the drunk driver.
＝The judge had/took little mercy on the drunk driver.
法官对这个酒后驾车者毫不宽容。
③I’m not going to put myself at the mercy of him.
我不想任由他摆布。
④It’s a mercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt.
幸运的是，她伤势不重。
ask/beg for mercy请求宽恕
show mercy to＝have mercy on怜悯/同情/可怜某人
at the mercy of...任由……的摆布(而无力保护自己)
without mercy毫不同情
It’s a mercy (that)．..[口] 幸运的是，幸亏
2.用适当的介词填空
①The poor farmer shouldn’t show mercy________the cruel snake.
②The ship is________the mercy of huge waves on the sea.
答案：　①to　②at
certain adj.
(1)确定的，一定的
It is certain that they will agree to the plan.
他们肯定会同意这项计划。
I think there’s a bus at 8 but you’d better call to make certain.好像8点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话弄清楚。
He is certain to pass the exam.
＝It’s certain that he’ll pass the exam.
他一定会通过这次考试。
(2)某一
They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.(教材P26)如果游客付给农民钱的话，农民允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。
I’m certain that a certain/some Mr Smith is asking for you.
我确信有个史密斯先生在找你。
(1)make certain (that)弄清楚；弄明白；弄确实
make certain of sth./of doing sth.确定(做)某事，确保(做)某事
It is certain that...……是一定的，……是有把握的
be certain of sth.对某事有把握，确信某事
(2)a certain reason某种理由
3.It’s quite________that Mr Smith will be present at the meeting.
A．certain B．sure
C．certainly D．surely
解析：　certain可用it作形式主语，而sure则不可。It is certain that...确信……。
答案：　A
contain
(1)包含，包括，含有，一般不用于进行时态。
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(教材P26)
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.
橘子汁里含有对人身体有益的成分。
(2)容纳，相当于hold，seat与admit。
The hall can contain/hold/seat/admit 3,000 people.
这个大厅可以容纳3,000人。
(3)遏制，抑制
I was so angry that I couldn’t contain myself.
我太生气了以至于无法克制自己。
She was unable to contain her excitement.
她无法控制内心的激动。
辨析：contain与include
contain 可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分
include 指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构
Twenty three people，including three babies，were injured in the traffic accident.＝Twenty three people，three babies included，were injured in the traffic accident.
包括三个婴儿在内，二十三个人在这次交通事故中受伤。
4.Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it________.
A．collected B．contained
C．loaded D．saved
解析：　句意为：小约翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集，搜集；contain含有，装有；load装载；save节省。
答案：　B
affect vt.
(1)影响
As a matter of fact，your opinion will not affect my decision.
事实上，你的意见不会影响我的决定。
Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.
两座大楼都受到了大火的严重破坏。
(2)感动，相当于move
Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected/moved by his speech.出席会议的大多数人被他的演讲感动了。
(3)侵袭
It’s a disease which affects mainly older people.
这种病主要感染老人。
effect n．影响
have an effect on/upon sb./sth.对……产生影响
Smoking has a great effect on health.吸烟对健康有重大影响。
5.With the government’s aid，those________by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A．affect B．affecting
C．affected D．were affected
解析：　句意为：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点。用affect的过去分词形式作主语those的后置定语，表示“受到地震影响的人们”。
答案：　C
appreciate vt.
(1)感激，感谢(后可接名词或动名词作宾语)
We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.
我们感激你对公司发展所作的努力。
I would appreciate it if you could turn the music down.
如果你把音乐关小些，我将不胜感激。
(2)重视，赏识，欣赏，理解
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(教材P26)
你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
His abilities are not fully appreciated by his employer.
他的才干尚未得到雇主的充分赏识。
This helped us to appreciate the importance of protecting the wildlife.这有助于我们理解保护野生生物的重要性。
I would appreciate it if...要是……我将不胜感激
appreciate doing sth.感激做某事
6.I really appreciate________to relax with you on this nice island.
A．to have had time B．having time
C．to have time D．to having time
解析：　appreciate后面只能接动名词或名词。
答案：　B
7．I’d appreciate________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A．that B．it
C．this D．you
解析：　考查代词it的虚指用法。it指代“你教我学电脑”这件事实。本题也属常用句式I’d appreciate it if...的考查，又如I prefer it if...，I like it when...等。
答案：　B
succeed v．成功；继承；继任
(1)succeed in (doing) sth.成功地做了某事
What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed
(教材P27)要成功地保护好野生生物必须做什么？
China succeeded in hosting the 29th Olympic Games.
中国成功地主办了第29届奥运会。
(2)succeed sb.as...接替某人当……；继任某人为……
He will succeed his father as manager of the company.
他将接替父亲担任公司经理。
(3)succeed to...继承(王位、财产)；袭(爵)
In England the oldest son succeeds to his father’s fortune.
在英国，大儿子继承父亲的财产。
success n．成功
successful adj.成功的；有成就的
The party was a big success.这次聚会非常成功。
8.________，Dick could not succeed________the college entrance exam.
A．However he tried hard；in passing
B．No matter how hard he tried；to pass
C．However hard he tried；in passing
D．No matter whatever he tried；in passing
解析：　However hard he tried...＝No matter how hard he tried....succeed in doing sth.是固定搭配。
答案：　C
9．We have every reason to believe that________2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be________success.
A．a；/ B．the；/
C．the；a D．a；a
解析：　句意为：我们有理由相信2008年奥运会将会取得成功。在由普通名词构成的专有名词前用定冠词the。success表“成功”的概念时为不可数名词，但作“成功的人”或“成功的事”讲时，前须加不定冠词“a”表泛指，故选C。
答案：　C
employ vt.
(1)雇用
Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals？能够雇佣他们为公园工作并且不伤害动物吗？
A number of people have been employed to deal with the work.
已雇一些人来处理工作。
For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.
三年来，他一直受雇当消防员。
(2)利用(时间、精力等)＝make use of
You could employ your spare time better.
你可以把闲暇时间利用得更好。
She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。
employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in＝be employed in
忙于(某事)；从事(某活动 )
10.You should________your spare time better if you want to be more excellent.
A．take B．employ
C．cost D．improve
解析：　employ利用。句意为：如果你想更优秀，就应该更好地利用你的业余时间。
答案：　B
harm
(1)n.损害；危害
What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals？(教材P27)应该如何处罚伤害动物的人？
Don’t read on bed.It will do harm to your eyes.
别躺在床上看书，这会损害你的眼睛。
She meant no harm；she was joking.
她没有恶意，她是开玩笑的。
(2)vt.损害；危害
Her feelings were harmed by his words.
他的一番话伤害了她的感情。
do harm to/be harmful to对……有害
do no harm无害
mean no harm没有恶意
The sun can be harmful to your skin.
太阳会对你的皮肤造成伤害。
11.完成句子
①Luckily________ ________ ________(未造成危害) to the crops.
②Fruit juices________ ________ ________(可能损害) to children’s teeth.
答案：　①no harm is done　②can be harmful
die out 灭亡；(风俗，习惯等)逐渐消失
①As a result these endangered animals may even die out.(教材P25)
结果，这些濒临灭绝的动物甚至可能绝迹。
②Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗都在日渐消失中。
③The fire is dying out.You’d better add some firewood.
12.No one has come up with a better explanation of why dinosaurs________.
A．died away B．died for
C．died of D．died out
解析：　考查短语辨析。句意为：尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝作出一个更好的解释。die out意思是“灭绝，消失”，符合语境。die away逐渐消失，逐渐减弱；die for为……献身；die of因……而死。
答案：　D
in danger 在危险中，垂危
①Why are they in danger of disappearing？(教材P25)
它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？
②The doctor is trying his best to save the old man in danger.
这位医生正在全力抢救生命垂危的老人。
③He was in danger of losing his life.他有生命危险。
out of danger脱离危险
a danger to...对……有危险，对……是危险的物(人)
④The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight，but the doctor helped him out of danger.那小男孩曾经处于失明的危险中，但是医生帮助他脱离了危险。
⑤That tall young man is a danger to our society.
那个高个子年轻人是我们社会的危害分子。
13.—Have you enjoyed camping in________wild with your friends
—Never.I’m afraid that my life is in________danger there.
A．the；a B．/；/
C．a；the D．the；/
解析：　考查冠词。in the wild是固定搭配，意思是“在野外，自然状态”；in danger也是固定短语，意思是“在危险中”。
答案：　D
burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
①In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(教材P26)
戴茜如释重负地突然大笑起来。
②All the classmates burst into laughter/burst out laughing when Peter acted out the play.
当彼得表演戏剧时，全班同学都大笑了起来。
burst into＋n.突然发作；爆发；闯入；冲进
burst out＋doing突然爆发
③Don’t burst into my room without knocking!
别不敲门就闯入我的房间！
④I don’t understand why she burst out laughing.我不明白她为什么突然大笑起来。
⑤On hearing the news，he burst into tears/burst out crying.
听到这个消息，他突然大哭起来。
14.Hearing the news，she burst into________and burst________the room.
A．crying；out B．tears；in
C．crying；into D．tears；out of
解析：　burst into tears＝burst out crying；burst in为不及物动词后面不能跟宾语，且根据句意，应是“冲出房间”。
答案：　D
protect...from...保护……不受……(危害)
①“I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes，” it replied.
(教材P26)它回答说：“我这样做是为了防止蚊虫叮咬。”
②He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他戴着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。
③They painted the roof to protect it from/against rain.
他们给房顶刷漆是为了保护它免受雨淋。
(1)protect...against...保护……不受……(危害)
(2)prevent...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事
stop...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事
keep...from doing sth.阻止……做某事
15.(2011·荆州高一检测)As it grew dark，they got together under a coat to________themselves from the cold.
A．prevent B．support
C．protect D．stop
解析：　protect...from...保护……免受……；prevent/stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。support支持，支撑。
答案：　C
pay attention to (to是介词，后跟名词或动名词)
①You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(教材P26)你应该更多地关注我居住的雨林，注意动物们是如何生活在一起的。
②Now，people have paid more attention to the protection of the environment than before.
现在，人们比以前更注重对环境的保护。
③You’ve made the same mistake.You should pay more attention in future.你又犯了一个同样的错误，今后一定要注意。
fix/focus one’s attention on将注意力集中于
draw/attract/catch/get one’s attention to...
吸引某人的注意力到…
④The boy knocked on the window to catch my attention.
那个男孩敲着窗户以引起我的注意。
16.We should pay more attention________ education，especially in the west of China.
A．to develop B．to developing
C．in develop D．in developing
解析：　pay attention to (doing) sth.关注……。句意为：教育应该得到更多的关注，尤其是在中国的西部。
答案：　B
17．The teacher suggested that much attention should________the spelling mistakes.
A．pay for B．pay to
C．be paid for D．be paid to
解析：　考查短语用法。此处是动词短语pay attention to的被动结构，attention作主语，to为介词，后跟名词。
答案：　D
It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.(教材P26)
这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。
(1)as 仿照，像……那样，如……，引导方式状语从句。
When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
Anne wouldn’t write down a series of facts in her diary as most people do.安妮不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。
You must do everything as I.
你必须照着我做的来做每一件事。
(2)suggest vt.
①建议
suggest sth.提议某事
suggest doing sth.建议干某事
suggest＋that clause建议……
It is suggested that＋主语(should) do...　
He suggested going out for a walk.他建议出去散散步。
I suggested to him that he should join in the club activities.
我向他建议参加俱乐部的活动。
It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
有人建议推迟会议。
②在表示“暗示，表明，使想到”的意思时，suggest后的宾语从句中，不用虚拟语气。
Her expression suggested that she was angry.
她的表情暗示出她生气了。
18.完成句子
①She stayed in bed________ ________ ________ ________ ________(依照医生的吩咐)．
②Please try to pronounce the word________ ________ ________(跟着我)．
答案：　①as the doctor had ordered　②as I do
19．He came to my class every week，but his attitude________that he was not really interested in it.
A．expressed B．described
C．explained D．suggested
解析：　句子的意思是“他每星期都来听我的课，但他的态度表明他并非真对它感兴趣”。suggest在这里意为“表明，暗示”，此时宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
答案：　D
20．Mary’s pale face suggested that she________ill and her parents insisted she________a doctor.
A．should be；should see
B．was；see
C．be；seeing
D．was；would see
解析：　该句意为：玛丽苍白的脸表明她生病了，她的母亲坚决主张她应去看医生。
答案：　B
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The Internet and television make it possible for us to see a________(遥远的) scene.
答案：　distant
2．The noise from the street________(影响) our work yesterday.
答案：　affected
3．She asked where he had been，but he didn’t________(回答)．
答案：　respond
4．Compared with last year，our income has________(下降) by 20%.
答案：　　decreased
5．She couldn’t________(容忍、克制) herself for the joy.
答案：　　contain
6．The boss________(雇用) about 20 more people to work for him yesterday.
答案：　　employed
7．Probably Lao Wang will________(继任) him as director.
答案：　　succeed
8．There was a fire last night，but our houses were not________(损害) at all.
答案：　　harmed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．If the students who study English do not________ ________ ________(注意) listening，speaking，writing or reading，they cannot learn it well.
答案：　pay attention to
2．He is________ ________ ________(有……危险) losing his job if he goes on like this.
答案：　　in danger of
3．Umbrellas are commonly used to________ ________ ________ ________(保护人们免受雨淋)．
答案：　protect people from rain
4．________ ________ ________ ________(使我们非常欣慰的是)，the car was not seriously damaged.
答案：　　Much to our relief/To our great relief
5．It goes without saying that work without rest will________ ________ ________ (对……有害) our health.
答案：　　do harm to/be harmful to
6．Many animals have________ ________(灭绝) because of much killing and hunting.
答案：　died out
7．He decided to________ ________(建立) a Hope School to help the poor children in the village.
答案：　set up
8．Upon hearing the funny story，everybody________ ________ ________(突然笑起来)．
答案：　burst into laughter/burst out laughing
Ⅲ.句型必背
1．你们应当更多地关注我生活的雨林，并且注意动物们是怎样共存的。
You should________ ________ ________ ________the rainforest where I live and________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ________.
答案：　pay more attention to；appreciate how the animals live together
2．这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help ________________ ________ ________.
答案：　　as the WWF suggests
3．应该如何处罚伤害动物的人？
What should be done to punish people who ________ ________ ________ ________？
答案：　do harm to animals
4．戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。
________ ________ Daisy ________ ________ ________.
答案：　In relief；burst into laughter
练规范、练技能、练速度