实义动词的过去分词
激趣导入
本课将重点向同学们介绍实义动词的过去分词形式的用法。
考点聚焦
1、实义动词过去分词形式的变化规则;
2、过去分词的主要用法;
3、考查过去分词在句子中的成分。
知识梳理
考点一 实义动词过去分词的变化规则
(1)一般情况下,直接在词尾加-ed
例:open-opened watch-watched
(2)以不发音的e结尾的词,直接加-d
例:close-closed live-lived
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变i再加-ed
例:try-tried study-studied
(4)以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读音节结尾的词,先双写最后一个字母,再加-ed 例:stop-stopped
知识梳理
考点一 实义动词过去分词的变化规则
(5)除上述规则外还有许多单词不符合变化规律,需要特殊记。
例如:动词的过去分词与原形相同,hit-hit put-put cost-cost
部分其他不规则变化词语举例:
get(得到)-got??? hold(抓住)-held?? sit(坐)-?sat???
meet(遇见)-met ? keep?(保持)-kept? sleep(睡)-slept? ?
?lose(丢失)-?lost?? catch(抓住)-caught ? make(制造)-?made
teach(教)-taught? sell(卖)-sold ??? have/has(有)-had?? ???
be动词(am is are) – was were(过去式) - been(过去分词)
考点二 过去分词的主要用法
知识梳理
1、表示完成
eg. He has done his homework.
注:done是do的过去分词形式
2、表示被动
eg. I will have my hair cut tomorrow.
注:have sth done 让什么被怎样了
典例剖析
(1).?过去分词作定语:单个分词做定语放前面,过去分词短语
修饰名词放在后面。
English is a widely used language. ??
This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
(3).?过去分词作状语表示原因,时间,方式,伴随情况等。
Seen from the space, the earth is blue.
(2).?过去分词作表语表示被动和完成:
The cup is broken.
His father seems pleased with this result.?
典例剖析
(4)过去分词作宾语补足语,表示动作已完成或被动状态,有时兼而有之。宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。
I wish the work finished by this weekend.
He found his hometown greatly changed.
I will have my hair cut tomorrow.
She had her leg broken yesterday.
中考链接
? 练习:请选出正确的答案.
(1). Most?of?the?artists?_____?to?the?party?were?from?South?Africa.
A.?invited? B.?to?invite? C.?being?invited? D.?had?been?invited?
(2).?The?computer?center,?_____last?year,?is?very?popular?among?the?students?in?this?school.?? ??
A.?open? B.?opening? C.?having?opened? D.?opened?
(3). Cleaning?women?in?big?cities?usually?get?_____?by?the?hour.???
A.?pay? B.?paying? C.?paid? D.?to?pay?
(4). The?_____?dishes?lay?on?the?floor.??
A.?breaking.? B.?broken.? C.?broke.? D.?break?
A
D
C
B
备考技法
熟练掌握动词过去分词的变化规律,重点记忆那些不规则的动词变化形式。
区分实义动词过去分词形式在句子结构中的不同位置和作用。
注意过去分词与过去式及现在分词的不同用法。
思维导图
看视频,引入实义动词的过去分词
元申小课 必有收获