分词用法
激趣导入
A sleeping baby
A running dog
A broken glass
考点聚焦
1、分词在句中的形式
2、分词的句法功能作用
考点一 分词在句中的形式
知识梳理
(1)现在分词:
一般式:doing 被动语态:being done
完成式:having done 被动语态:having been done
(2)过去分词:一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式:done
(3)否定形式:not +分词doing
Eg: Do you know the number of books ordered?
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
知识梳理
考点分词的用法
(1)作定语:分词可用来修饰名词或代词,并和所修饰的词在逻辑上有主谓关系。
前置定语 如:What exciting news it is!
后置定语 如: Do you know the girl sitting under the tree?
(2)作表语 :分词作表语,相当于形容词。现在分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的性质或特征,含有“令人……的”意思。过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的情形或状态,含有“某人感到……的”意思。
如: The story was very interesting . I was interested in the movie.
知识梳理
考点二 分词的用法
(3)作补语: 现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行,宾语和现在分词(主动意义)有逻辑上的主谓关系。过去分词作补足语,宾语和过去分词 (被动意义)有逻辑上的动宾关系。
如: I found the boy crying in the corner. (主谓关系,正在进行)
I saw him going out. (分词,正在发生)
I want to have my hair cut/ have my bike repaired. (过去分词表被动)
知识梳理
考点二 分词的用法
(4) 作状语,表时间、原因、伴随、结果、让步、方式等。 分词作状语,句子主语就是分词的主语。现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动。
Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.
(时间状语,主动)
Not knowing what to do about it,I asked my teacher for advice.
(原因状语,主动)
The teaher came in, followed by his students.
(伴随状语,被动)
典例剖析
练习一:英汉翻译
the novel written by Luxun
2. a singer surrounded by a group of fans
3. 落叶
4. 被雪覆盖的城市
5. 一个发展中国家
鲁迅写的那篇小说
被粉丝包围的歌手
fallen leaves
a snow?covered city
a developing country
典例剖析
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
练习三:翻译下列句子:
1. 这个消息听起来令人振奋。
。
2.当我醒来时,我发现我的妈妈正坐在我的身边。
。
3. 他听到有人正在喊他的名字。
。
4. 听到这个消息,他们全都高兴地跳了起来。
。
When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.
He heard someone calling his name.
The news sounds exciting.
中考链接
请选出正确的答案.
A
B
1.—I saw Jim __ into that new building just now.
—Oh, it's our new library. It __to the public for a week.
A.walk; has opened B.walking; has been open C.walking; has opened
2.I heard him __ an English song when I passed his room last night.
A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing
3. A Christmas Carol is a famous short novel __ by Charles Dickens.
A.written B.was written C.wrote
B
备考技法
读句子,翻译句子,正确理解题意。????????????
找出句子谓语,判断是否需用非谓语动词。? ???????????
找出句子主语,判断句子主语与逻辑主语是否一致。? ???????????
若一致,判断句子主语与非谓语动词所表动作关系的时间及语态关系
思维导图
元申小课 必有收获