过去分词短语
一、激趣导入
二、考点剖析
1、知识讲解
过去分词是分词的一种,属于非谓语动词。过去分词短语既有动词性质,也有形容词和副词性质,形容词和副词性质表现为:过去分词短语在句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。
(1) 过去分词(短语)作定语(单个过去分词作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前, 和它所修饰的名词存在动宾(被动)关系。)
★ 过去分词短语的用法
spoken English, a broken car (前置定语)
This is one of the books written by the young man. (后置定语=定语从句)
= This is one of the books which were written by the young man.
(3) 过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
I found the small town changed a lot.(表动作已完成)
过去分词(短语)用在系动词之后作表语,和句子主语之间存在动宾关系。
二、考点剖析
1. 知识讲解
(2) 过去分词(短语)作表语
The children were interested in that book.
(4) 过去分词短语作状语 (常常表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等,相当于对应的状语从句。它和主句的主语存在动宾关系。)
过去分词短语常放在它所修饰的名词之后,与被修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系,相当于一个定语从句,但是更简洁。
二、考点剖析
1. 知识讲解
★Seen from space, the earth looks blue. (表时间)
=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.(表原因)
As they were deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.
Kept in fridge, these vegetables will remain fresh. (表条件)
If they are kept in fridge, these vegetables will remain fresh.
She walked out of the house, followed by her daughter. (表伴随)
She walked out of the house, and was followed by her daughter.
(1) Please don't forget him. He is one of ___.
A. those invited B. invited those
C. those inviting D. inviting those
二、考点剖析
2、典例分析
本题考查了过去分词做定语
解析: 根据句意可知:请不要忘记他,他是被邀请的人之一。过去分词invited作后定语修饰指示代词those, 意为“被邀请的那些人”, 两者是动宾(被动)关系。
those invited = those people who have been invited。
故答案选A。
二、考点剖析
2、典例分析
考查过去分词短语作状语的用法
解析: 根据句意可知:由于被照顾得很好,这个小男孩过着幸福的生活。分析前后两句的逻辑关系,可以看出过去分词短语作原因状语 ,Taken good care of=Because the boy is taken good care of ,主语和过去分词之间是动宾关系 。
故答案选D。
(2) , the little boy is living a happy life.
A. Taking good care B. Taken good care
C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of
二、考点剖析
3. 技巧点拨
要掌握过去分词的用法,重点要理解和区分过去分词和它所修饰词之间的逻辑关系,是主谓关系还是动宾关系。及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子的主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还强调已完成了。不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子的主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,同样强调动作的完成。
三、思维导图
(1)过去分词短语作定语
(2)过去分词短语作表语
(3)过去分词短语作宾补
(4)过去分词短语作状语
过去分
词短语
时间状语
原因状语
前置定语
后置定语=从句
条件状语
让步状语
伴随状语
谢谢观看