初英考点精讲 同课异构 103 语法一致【知识点微课课件】

语 法 一 致
一、激趣导入
根据图片，补充句子。
本课我们一起来学习英语主谓一致当中语法一致的用法。
Terry Lin and Yuquan ______ (be) pop singers.
are
由and连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故本句答案为are.
二、考点剖析
1、命题思路
英语语法中的主谓一致是指谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。语法一致的基本原则即主语为单数，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语为复数，谓语动词就用复数形式。在考查过程中注意区分单复数以及特殊情况下的主谓一致。
The painter and the writer have come to our school.
画家和作家都到了我们学校。（指两个人）
指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The painter and writer has come to our school .
那个画家兼作家到了我们学校。（指一个人两重身份）
例1.由and，both…and 连接的两个名词做主语，谓语动词用复数表示的意义不同，例如：
例2. 动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：
Listening to the tapes is helpful to our English study .
听磁带有助于英语学习。
What he said is not right.
他的话不对。
例3. 当主语部分含有with, together with, as well as, besides, except , but, like (像)等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词取决
于介词前的主语，称为“就远原则”。例如：
Everyone except Tom has been to the Great Wall.
除Tom外，每个人都去过长城。
John with his friends plays basketball every weekend.
John和朋友每周都打篮球。
例4. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything , nobody, no one, nothing, each , every做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
Lucy, someone is waiting for you at the gate .
Lucy，有人在大门口等你。
Is everyone here? 人都到齐了吗？
Every one of the students is studying hard.
学生们都在努力学习。
例5. neither of, either, each (one), every one, the other做主
语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Neither of them is right.
他们两个都是错的。
The other of the two comes from Australia.
他们中的另一个来自澳大利亚。
考点练习： —Which would you like, tea or coffee?
— ________is OK, I don't mind.
A. Either B. Both C. Any D. have
√
例6. news（新闻），politics（政治），maths（数学），physics（物理）等词，虽然形式上是以s结尾，但表示的意义是单数，谓语动词要用单数形式。
相反，people，police等词形式上是单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语动词要用复数形式。
如： Maths is my favorite subject．
数学是我最喜欢的学科。
例7. clothes, trousers, pants, shorts, shoes, gloves等做主语时，谓语动词用复数； 但如果有量词“a kind of , a piece of , a pair of ” 等词修饰时，则依量词的单复数来定。例如： The shoes look nice. 这鞋看上去很漂亮。
The pair of shoes is very nice. 这双鞋很漂亮。
考点练习： ________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper?
A.Is; glass B. Are; glass C. Is; glasses D. Are; glasses
√
( ) 1. —I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I with my parents _______ at that time.
A. was shopping B. were shopping C. are shopping D. went shopping
( ) 2. The child without parents _______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes
( ) 3. Nobody except Tom and Mary _____ in the Classroom. The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now.
A. am B. is C. are D.was
练习一：单项选择，请选出正确的答案.
2、练一练
B
A
A
( )4. Climbing hills ______ good for our health. ?
A. are?????????B. is???????C. was ? ? ? D. were
( )5. —Which ______ your chair, Paul?
—The red one. It’s near Jim’s.
A. is ? B. are?????C. was???? D. were
( )6. —Do you know where the cards are?
—Yes. There ______ some in my bedroom.
A. is ??????? B. are????? C. was???? ? ??D. were
A
B
B
练习二：用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
is
are
wants
The singer and dancer often _______ (attend) our evening party.
It's said that Liu Huan as well as three other music tutors(音乐导师) of The Voice of China _____ (be) going to join in the show.
Glasses ______ (is, are) sometimes important to a person's image.
Everybody ______ (want) to be present at the scene of the show.
Either of the books on the table _______ (belong) to me.
attends
belongs
3、答题技巧
1.一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
2. news（新闻），politics（政治），physics（物理）等词，虽然形式上是以s结尾，但表示的意义是单数，谓语动词要用单数形式。相反，people，police等词形式上是单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语动词要用复数形式。
3.一些表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如shoes, trousers, glasses等。但如果这些名词前有a kind of, a pair of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
4.动词不定式或动词-ing?形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
三、思维导图
( ) 1. —I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I with my parents _______ at that time.
A. was shopping B. were shopping C. are shopping D. went shopping
( ) 2. The child without parents _______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes
( ) 3. Nobody except Tom and Mary _____ in the Classroom. The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now.
A. am B. is C. are D.was
练习一、单项选择，请选出正确的答案.
2、练一练
B
A
A
( )4. Climbing hills ______ good for our health. ?
A. are?????????B. is???????C. was ? ? ? D. were
( )5. —Which ______ your chair, Paul?
—The red one. It’s near Jim’s.
A. is ? B. are?????C. was???? D. were
( )6. —Do you know where the cards are?
—Yes. There ______ some in my bedroom.
A. is ??????? B. are????? C. was???? ? ??D. were
A
B
B
练习二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
is
are
wants
The singer and dancer often _______ (attend) our evening party.
It's said that Liu Huan as well as three other music tutors(音乐导师) of The Voice of China _____ (be) going to join in the show.
Glasses ______ (is, are) sometimes important to a person's image.
Everybody ______ (want) to be present at the scene of the show.
Either of the books on the table _______ (belong) to me.
attends
belongs
( ) 1. —I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I with my parents _______ at that time.
A. was shopping B. were shopping C. are shopping D. went shopping
( ) 2. The child without parents _______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes
( ) 3. Nobody except Tom and Mary _____ in the Classroom. The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now.
A. am B. is C. are D.was
练习一、单项选择，请选出正确的答案。
2、练一练
B
A
A
The singer and dancer often _______ (attend) our evening party.
It's said that Liu Huan as well as three other music tutors(音乐导师) of The Voice of China _____ (be) going to join in the show.
Glasses ______ (is, are) sometimes important to a person's image.
Everybody ______ (want) to be present at the scene of the show.
Either of the books on the table _______ (belong) to me.
练习二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
is
are
wants
attends
belongs
三、思维导图
三、思维导图