初英考点精讲 同课异构 105 就近原则【知识点微课课件】

就 近 原 则
一、激趣导入
同学们，请读例句，你能补充完成句子吗？
1. Neither Li Hua nor I ________ good at writing.
2. About three fifths of the land ________ covered with trees and grass.
3. —How many students _______ there in your class?
—And two thirds of them ________ girls.
本课我们一起来学习英语主谓一致当中就近原则的用法。
is
am
is
are
二、考点剖析
1、命题思路
英语中主谓一致中的第三个原则就是就近原则，就近一致是指
谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。本节内容常以选择题形式出现在考试题目中。中考中主谓一致主要考查对句子结构的理解，考查是否明白主语和谓语之间的单复数关系。复习备考过程中要熟记主谓一致的三原则并能灵活运用。
例1. neither…nor… , either …or , not only…but also , not …but以及there be连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词跟它靠近的主语一致。例如：
Neither I nor she likes listening to this song.
她和我都不喜欢听这首歌。
There is a knife and two pens in the box.
盒子里有一把刀和两支铅笔。
例2. 当the number of … “……的数量”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。a number of … “许多，大量”做主语时，谓
语动词用复数。 例如：
The number of the workers in this factory is about 500.
这家工厂的工人大约500人。
A number of the workers in this factory are women.
这家工厂的工人很多是女工。
例3. 分数做主语时，依名词的单复数而定。
若所修饰的名词是单数，则谓语动词用单数。如：
Three quarters of the work is done by the computer.
四分之三的工作是电脑完成的。
若所修饰的名词是复数，则谓语动词用复数。如：
One half of the students have passed the exam.
有一半的学生已经通过了考试。
1. There______ a book and three pens on my desk just now, but now there is nothing on it.
A. had B were C. was D.is
2. Neither Kate nor her cousins_______ to America, but_______ of them have known the country very well.
have been; all B have gone; both
C. has been; all D. has gone；all
3. Not only my father but also my grandpa _____flying to Singapore this weekend. A. are B. is C. was D.were
练习一、单项选择，请选出正确的答案。
2、练一练
C
A
D
4. —What _______ the number of the students in your school?
—About two thousand. A number of them _______ from the countryside.
A. is; are B. is；is C. are; is D. are；are
A number of tourists_______ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.
A.have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to
6. —How many students _______ there in your class?
—And two thirds of them ________ girls.
A. is, are B. are, are C. are, is D. is, is
A
B
A
Neither the singers nor the host ______ (know) the name of the new competitor until the show starts.
There ____ (is/are) 7 singers competing with each other in the show.
There ____(lie) a park and two shops behind the school.
knows
练习二、用单词的适当形式补充句子。
are
lies
3、答题技巧
以or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ...?等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。
2. 在there be 句型中或以here开头的句子中，谓语动词be应与后面的名词保持一致；当后面的名词不止一个时,谓语动词的人称和数应该和其最靠近的那个名词的人称和数保持一致。
3. 分数做主语时，依名词的单复数而定。若所修饰的名词是单数，则谓语动词用单数。
三、思维导图