初英考点精讲 151 图表作文【知识点微课课件】

图表作文
考点聚焦
命题形式
图表作文的基本要求
图表作文的篇章结构
常用词汇
常用句型
考点一 命题形式
知识梳理
图表作文就是要学生将图表中所包含的信息用英语表达成意思连贯的文字。在命题形式上，除了表格的提示外，一般有英文单词或中文文字提示。有的文章开头已给出。
考点二 图表作文的基本要求
知识梳理
1. 充分利用图表中的信息，把握文字和说明，找出图表所要表达的主题。
2. 仔细分析图表提供的信息加以比较和归纳，选出具有代表意义的信息。避免过多引用。
3. 通过对图表的分析，进行概括性的评论（变化趋势和造成原因）的说明，最后得出结论
考点三 图表作文的篇章结构
知识梳理
第一段：描述现状。简要描述图表，概括图表所反映的深层次的问题。不要出现过于具体的数据。
第二段：分析原因。剖析图表所反映的深层次问题，用图表数据来论证第一段提出的主题，或者分析各个数据产生的原因。要注意文中的论点应该用图表中的数据来支持。
第三段：结论和启示。从图表所体现的现象获得结论和启示，或者对图表所表现的趋势加以预测。
考点四 常用词汇
知识梳理
图表类型：table. chart. graph.
描述：show. describe. illustrate. clear. reveal. represent
数字：figure、statistic、number、percentage
rapid/rapidly　迅速的, 飞快的, 险峻的 forecast n.先见，预见v.预测
dramatic/dramatically　戏剧性的，生动的
significant/significantly　有意义的，重大的，重要的
sharp/sharply　锐利的，明显的，急剧的
steep/steeply　急剧升降的 government policy　政府政策
考点五 常用句型
知识梳理
1. the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period
from…to…该表格描述了在…年之…年间…数量的变化。
2. the bar chart illustrates that…该柱状图展示了…
3. the graph provides some interesting data regarding…
该图为我们提供了有关…有趣数据。
4. as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…
从图中可以看出，…发生了巨大变化。
典例剖析
The following table shows that more and more college students take part-time jobs. Write a composition describing the information in the table below.
1. 最近几年越来越多的大学生兼职
2. 分析大学生兼职的原因
3. 分析大学生兼职的意义。
典例剖析
According to a recent survey, about 56 percent of Chinese college students held a part-time job in 2010, compared with nearly zero in 2000, and this figure may increase to 60 percent by 2011. College students can word as tutors, salespersons, and engineers. They are doing whatever work they can find at their leisure time.
Why do they want part-time jobs? I think there are some reasons. Firstly, they feel the financial pressure because books, movies and bus fares have all gone up in price. There is scarcely a young boy or girl who does not want to earn a little to help cover the increasingly higher college costs, and at best save enough to go travelling or buying things they have long desired. In this way they hope to be financially independent. Secondly, they want to gain some experience in society. Students growing up from nursery school to college only know about books and have trouble dealing with realities. Thirdly, working on a part-time basis can provide them with a rare opportunity to know the outside world and prepare them for the future career.
The significance of college students doing a part-time job means more than money and experience. It will broaden their outlook and exert a profound influence on their personalities and lives.
中考链接
Financial?Sources?of?College?Students
1.?描述中美大学生经济资助状况
2.?分析这种状况的成因
3.?预测中国大学生经济资助的可能变化
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}
American students
Chinese students
Parents
45%
90%
Part-time
40%
5%
scholarship
15%
5%
examinees
financial sources
中考链接
Financial Sources of College Students
From the table, we can see clearly that Chinese college students and their American peers rely on different financial sources for their life and study. About 90% of Chinese students get money from their parents. In contrast, only 45% of American students resort to this way. About 40% of American students depend on part-time jobs for income, but only 5% of Chinese students do so. Scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, whereas only for 5% of Chinese students.
There are several reasons leading to this difference. On the one hand, independence is greatly honored in American society, and students would be proud to depend on themselves. Besides, they have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. On the other hand, some Chinese students take their parents’ financial support for granted. Similarly, parents believe it’s their duty to finance their children’s education.
I think with the reform in college education, this tendency in China may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. Also, with the passage of time, both the students’ and the parents’ ideas will change greatly. Thus, more and more Chinese college students are sure to rely on themselves rather than on their parents for finance.
备考技巧
一、审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外，还要分析该图表的深层含义，如原因，根源，可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细的分析。
二、描述数据时一定要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到。切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，建议抓住数据中的极端点（如最大或最小，最多或最少，最好和最差）和基本相同之处进行描述。
思维导图
命题格式
图表作文的基本要求
图表作文的篇章结构
图表作文
常用词汇
常用句型
表格作文就是要学生将表格中所包含的信息用英语表达成意思连贯的文字。在命题形式上，除了表格的提示外，一般有英文单词或中文文字提示。有的文章开头已给出。
1. 充分利用图表中的信息，把握文字和说明，找出图表所要表达的主题。
2. 仔细分析图表提供的信息加以比较和归纳，选出具有代表意义的信息。避免过多引用。
3. 通过对图表的分析，进行概括性的评论（变化趋势和造成原因）的说明，最后得出结论
第一段：描述现状。简要描述图表，概括图表所反映的深层次的问题。不要出现过于具体的数据。
第二段，分析原因。剖析图表所反映的深层次问题，用图表数据来论证第一段提出的主题，或者分析各个数据产生的原因。要注意文中的论点应该用图表中的数据来支持。
第三段：结论和启示。从图表所体现的现象获得结论和启示，或者对图表所表现的趋势加以预测。
图表类型：table. chart. diagram graph. column chart. pie graph
描述：show. describe. illustrate. clear. apparent. reveal. represent
内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion
rapid/rapidly　迅速的, 飞快的, 险峻的 forecast n.先见，预见v.预测
dramatic/dramatically　戏剧性的，生动的
significant/significantly　有意义的，重大的，重要的
sharp/sharply　锐利的，明显的，急剧的
steep/steeply　急剧升降的 government policy　政府政策
steady/steadily　稳固的，坚定不移的 market forces　市场规率
gradual/gradually　渐进的，逐渐的 slow/slowly　缓慢的，不活跃的
stable/stably　稳定的 slight/slightly　轻微的、略微地
significant changes　图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend　明显趋势
during the same period　在同一时期 grow/grew　增长
distribute / distribution　分布，区别 unequally　不相等地
in the case of 在…的情况下 in contrast　相反，大不相同
in terms of / in respect of / regarding　在…方面
1. the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from…to…该表格描述了在…年之…年间…数量的变化。
2. the bar chart illustrates that…该柱状图展示了…
3. the graph provides some interesting data regarding…
该图为我们提供了有关…有趣数据。
4. as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…从图中可以看出，…发生了巨大变化。
5. from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that…or it is clear/apparent from the chart that…
…从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到……
6. over the period from…to…the…remained level.
在…至…期间，…基本不变。
7. the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of…
该图表表明…的数目增长了三倍。
8. …decreased year by year while…increased steadily.
…逐年减少，而…逐步上升。
9. there is an upward trend in the number of…数字呈上升趋势
10. from…to…the rate of decrease slow down从…到…，下降速率减慢。
11. from this year on，there was a gradual decline/reduction in the…，reaching a figure of…从这年起，…逐渐下降至…
12. there are a lot similarities/differences between…and…
…与…之间有许多相似（不同）之处
13. a has something in common with b a与b有共同之处。
14. the difference between a and b lies in……
a与b之间的差别在于……
15. ……（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in……
　…年……急剧上升。