初英考点精讲 157 词形转换【知识点微课课件】

词形转化
考点聚焦
命题方向
词形转化归纳
考点一 命题方向
知识梳理
1.?出题量最大，也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换。常考的相互转换词类有四种：名词、动词、形容词、副词????
名词→动词、形容词 动词、形容词→名词 动词→形容??????????
形容词→动词 形容词→副词 副词→形容词????
2.?最基本题型，必考方向——名词、代词、数词????
名词考察方向：复数形式???????
代词考察方向：宾格；形容词性、名词性物主代词转换；反身代词????
数词考察方向：基数词、序数词的拼写与互换；分数
考点一 命题方向
知识梳理
3.?简单题型，多练即可把握——比较级最高级????
需要掌握：比较级和最高级的变化方式；比较级和最高级的辨识关键词?
4.?较难题型，多次转换，反义理解????
有时候词类之间需要越级变换，要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系，确保答案的正确性，较难题目不仅会越级变换，还需要添加反义，这需要更耐心细致地解题，分析题意?
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
1. 动词变名词：v+?ment?结尾?
achieve---achievement?成就????advertise---?advertisement
agree—agreement? apartment?公寓????amusement?娱乐????
argue---argument争吵????commit奉献—commitment????
1. 动词变名词：V+?tion?结尾?
attract吸引—attraction?有吸引力的事或人???conclude—conclusion?结论???
compete—competition?竞争，比赛???discuss—discussion?讨论???
educate-----education????decide----decision???describe—description描写
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
1. 动词变名词：V+?ance?结尾?
appear—appearance?外貌?，出现???perform----performance?演出?
1. 动词变名词：V+?ing?结尾?
bathe?洗澡---bathing???end?结束----ending?结尾，结局???
train?训练---training???mean?----?meaning?意义???say-----saying?谚语??
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
1. 动词变名词：V+?其他?
beg(乞讨)—beggar?乞丐???behave?行为，举止----behavior???
know?知道---knowledge?知识?fly—flight?飞行???heat?加热---heat?热量???
hit?撞击------hit?轰动一时的人或物，碰撞?mix?混合-----mixture?混合物???
press?按，压—pressure?压力???sit-----seat?座位?succeed—success???
tour?旅游/?tourist?游客
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
2. 名词变形容词：名词+y?
anger?生气-----angry???hunger---hungry???fog—foggy有雾的???
fur----furry?毛皮的?guilt?罪恶---guilty?内疚的???health---healthy???
luck---lucky???cloud---cloudy?wind—windy???rain---rainy???
2. 名词变形容词：名词+?ed??
balance?–balanced?平衡的????spot?斑点，地点----spotted?有斑点的??
talent-----talented?有天赋的???organized?有组织的???disgusted?厌恶的???
offended?生气的??crowded?拥挤的?polluted?被污染的???pleased?高兴的??
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
2. 名词变形容词：名词+?ful/less?
meaning—meaningful?有意义的????care—careful/careless小心的；粗心的???
help---helpful?/?helpless???home—homeless?无家可归的???color---colorful???
pain?疼痛---painful?痛苦的 ??thank—thankful?充满感激的???
2. 名词变形容词：名词+?able?
adjustable?可调整的? comfortable ?knowledgeable? suitable?合适的??
2. 名词变形容词：名词+?ous?
enormous?巨大的??danger—dangerous??mystery神秘—mysterious神秘的??
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
2. 名词变形容词：ce变t?
confidence—confident???difference—different??
2. 名词变形容词： al结尾?
medicine?药—medical?医学的??music—musical??nature—natural?自然的???
person—personal私人的???nation—national?国家的??original?独创的
education—educational有教育意义的?tradition----traditional?传统的?????
2.名词变形容词：名词+?ly?
friend—friendly???live---lively?活跃的，有生气的???love—lovely?可爱的??
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
2.名词变形容词：名词+en?
wood—wooden?木制的???wool—woolen?羊毛的??
2.名词变形容词：其他?
energy精力—energetic??fool傻子—foolish愚蠢的??freedom自由—free空的，?
height?高度—high???illness疾病---ill???love—loving?慈爱的???
death---dead?pleasure---pleasant?/?pleased??
popularity?流行性—popular???pride---proud?scientist----scientific??
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
3. 形容词变副词：形容词+?ly?
bad—badly??bright—brightly??明亮地??casual—casually?随意地??
final—finally??fortunate—fortunately幸运地?general—generally?一般来讲????
3. 形容词变副词：以le结尾的去e?+?y?
comfortable---comfortably???gentle—gently???possible---possibly?????
3. 形容词变副词：辅音字母+y?变?ily?
easy—easily???heavy—heavily???happy--happily?
3. 形容词变副词：特殊?
good—well好地???true—truly?
考点二 词形转化归纳
知识梳理
4. 既是形容词又是副词?
early?? get?up?early?,??an?early?train?
late???? be?late?for?class,??come?late?for?school?
deep??? dive?deep?into?the?sea,??a?hole?deep?large?
high??? jump?high；?a?high?mountain?
hard??? a?hard?question；a?hard?stone,??work?hard?，rain?hard?
long??? It?takes?too?long?,??It?takes?a?long?time?
far????? jump?far,??My?home?is?far?from?school?
straight?? a?straight?line,??go?straight?along?here?
典例剖析
1.?The?cat?has?been?____________________?for?a?week.?
2.?It?was?an?________?trip.?We?all?had?a?wonderful?time.?
3.?Meimei’s?home?is?the?________?from?the?school?of?all?the?students’.?
4.?Whose?pens?are?these???They?are?_________________.?
5.?Would?you?mind?_______________?the?window???It’s?very?hot?here.?
6.?How?many?___________________?does?the?baby?have??
7.?It’s?ten?_______________________?ride?from?here?to?the?school.?
8.?English?is?________as?a?foreign?language?in?our?country.?
9.?Neither my parents nor my?brother?_________to?work?late?every?day.?
10.?The?_________________?lesson?is?easier?than?the?first?one.
tooth???teach???open???far???five??minute???they???enjoy????go?? die ??
dead?
enjoyable
farthest
theirs
opening
teeth
minutes’
taught?
goes
fifth
备考技巧
一、形容词修饰名词、代词性成分；部分名词也可以修饰名词
二、动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰，副词也可以修饰整句话
三、系动词后一般使用形容词，连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词，这点易和实义动词用副词修饰混淆?
四、扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识?
五、注意做完需要通读一下，检查反义及动词的时态语态问题?
思维导图
出题方向
词形
转化
归纳
词形转化
同词根不同词类之间的相互转换
必考方向——名词、代词、数词
比较级最高级
动词变名词
名词变形容词
形容词变副词
既是形容词又是副词
V +?ment?结尾
V + tion 结尾
V + ance 结尾
V + ing 结尾
名词 + y 名词 + ed
名词 + ful / less
名词 + able 名词 +ous
ce变t al结尾
名词 + ly 名词 + en
形容词+ly
以le结尾 去e+y
辅音字母+?y?变?ily